第一篇:初中英語作文寫作技巧
初中英語作文寫作技巧 如何寫文字結尾
初中英語作文寫作技巧 如何寫文字結尾
文章結尾的作用是概括全文內容,進一步強調或肯定文章的中心思想,使文章意義表達得更加深刻。
文章結尾的形式也是多種多樣的,常見的有以下幾種:
1、首尾呼應,畫龍點睛在文章的結尾,把含義較深的話放在末尾,以點明主題,深化主題,起到畫龍點睛的效果。如“I Cannot Forget Her”(我忘不了她)的結尾:
After her death,I felt as if something were missing in my life.I was sad over her passing away,but I knew she would not have had any regrets at having given her life for the benefit of the people.2、重復主題句結尾回到文章開頭闡明的中心思想或主題句上,達到強調的效果。如“I Love My Home Town”(我愛家鄉)的結尾:
I love my home town,and I love its people.They too have changed.They are going all out to do more for the good of our motherland.3、自然結尾隨著文章的結束,文章自然而然地結尾。如“Fishing”(釣魚)的結尾: I caught as many as twenty fish in two hours,but my brother caught many more.Tired from fishing,we lay down on the river bank,bathing in the sun.We returned home very late.4、含蓄性的結尾
用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接點明作者的看法,而是讓讀者自己去領會和思考。如“A Day of Harvesting”(收割的日子)的結尾:
Evening came before we realized it.We put down our sickles and looked at each other.Our clothes were wet with sweat,but on every face there was a smile.5、用反問結尾
雖然形式是問句,但意義卻是肯定的,并具有特別的強調作用,引起讀者深思。如“Should We Learn to Do Housework?”(我們要不要學做家務?)的結尾。
Everyone should learn to do housework.Don't you agree,boys and girls?
6、指明方向,激勵讀者結尾表示對將來的展望,或期待讀者投入行動。如“Let's Go in for Sports”(讓我們參加體育運動)的結尾:As we have said above,sports can be of great value.They not only make people live happily but also help people to learn virtues and do their work bettter.A sound mind is in a sound body.Let's go in for sports.文章的結尾沒有一定的模式,可以根據表達主題的需要靈活創造。一般的習慣是,一些記敘文和描寫文經常采用自然結尾的方法;但說理性和邏輯性較強的說明文和議論文則往往都有結束語,以便使文章首尾呼應,結構完整 初中英語作文題目及范文
「要求」
和外國朋友交談是文化生活中很重要的一部分,但是談什么話題卻要慎重考慮,因為各國風俗習慣不同,談的東西要關涉到禁忌、興趣。學校的英語角將要組織一次對外交流活動。請你以書面形式寫一些可以作為談話的材料。
「范文」
Holidays and Outings
It is common in English to ask people about their holidays.In the West many families go away on holiday during the summer months and so it is very usual to ask about this.If the holiday has not yet taken place,then their holiday plans can be talked about.And if it is already over,then where they went,whether they enjoyed it and so on can be discussed.Similar questions are asked before festivals and pubic holidays.Foreigners living and working in China often have frequent opportunities for travel,either at weekends or during their holiday periods,so questions on this topic can often lead to fruitful discussions.They may be particularly interested to hear comments on which places are worth visiting and why,especially if these places are a little less well known and not clearly described in the tour guides.Take vacaticn and long weekends.Never let vacation time expire.「評語」
看完上文,可知這實際上是一篇討論英語話題的文章。從這個角度來寫“Holidays and Outings”這個題目可謂不無新義。但是在與外國人交往時談些什么都是一個很現實的問題。本文提供了這一范例。全篇也圍這個問題來寫,幾乎每句話都是緊扣中心的。比如它始終突出了這是一個話題,就反復用“ask”、“discuss”、以及“comment”等詞。
第二篇:初中英語作文寫作技巧
億庫教育網http://www.tmdps.cn百萬教學資源免費下載
(4)描寫人物時,要生動具體,例如:
1)外表特征:tall, short, fat, thin, strong, weak, ordinary-looking 等。
2)服飾顏色:red, yellow, blue, white, green, brown, black 等。
3)內心境界:glad, happy, sad, excited, anxious, interested 等。
4)感情描寫:love, like, hate, feel, laugh, cry, smile, shout 等。
5)動作描寫:come, go, get, have, take, bring, fetch 等。
(5)上下文要連貫。上下文的連貫性也是評分的一條原則,因此同學們應把寫好的句子,根據故事情節,事情發生的先后次序(時間或空間),使用一些表示并列、遞進等過渡詞進行加工整理,使文章連貫、自然、流暢。同學們應注意下面過渡的用法:
1)表示并列關系的過渡詞:and, as well as, or …
2)表示轉折關系的過渡詞:but, yet, however …
3)表示時間關系的過渡詞:first, second, third, and then, finally, after, before, after a few days, at last, at that time, later, in the past, immediately, in the meanwhile, when, while, then, after that …
4)表示空間關系的過渡詞:near(to), far(from), in the front of, beside, behind, beyond, above, below, to the right, to the left, on one side, on the other side of, outside …
5)表示比較關系的過渡詞:in the same way, just like, just as …
6)表示對照關系的過渡詞:but, still, yet, however, on the other hand, in spite of, even though …
7)表示遞進關系的過渡詞: also, and, then, too, in addition, moreover, again …
8)表示因果關系的過渡詞:because, since, then, thus, otherwise, so, therefore ,as a result…
9)表示解釋說明的過渡詞:for example, in fact, in this case, for, actually …
10)表示強調的過渡詞:in fact, indeed, necessarily, certainly, without any doubt, truly, most important …
11)表示目的的過渡詞:for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order that, so as to, in order to, …
12)表示列舉的過渡詞:for example , such as …
13)表示總結性的過渡詞:in conclusion, finally, at last, in brief, as has been stated, in a word, in general, in all, in a word, generally speaking …
億庫教育網http://www.tmdps.cn百萬教學資源免費下載
第三篇:初中英語作文寫作技巧
初中英語作文寫作技巧
一、掌握常用過渡性詞語
敘事文常用的句子間連接詞
at first;at last;in the end… then / next/ after that…
when / while/as soon as/not… until…
at the same time;at times;once in a while;so that To one’s surprise/joy
Luckily/fortunately/unluckily/unfortunately… in a word/in all 議論文常用連接詞
表示并列:either…or;neither…nor;both…and;not only…but also;
表示遞進的:besides;what’s more;what’s worse;
(moreover);
表示原因的:because;for…;because of…;thanks to…;(for
the reason that…);
表示結果的:so;as a result;so…that…;therefore;表示目的的:so that…;in order that…;(in order)to…;for…;表示對比的:while;on the one hand + on the other hand;
Each coin has two sides.;prefer…to…;would rather do…than do…;
表示轉折的:however;but;
表示舉例的:for example;for instance;such as…;like…;
that is to say…
表示總結的:in all/short;in a word;in brief/ total;last but
not least;last;
表示利弊的:be good/bad for sb.;be harmful to sb.;do
harm to sb.;…have great/much influence on sb.;sth.benefit sb.;sb.benefit from sth.affect;have an effect on sb.;
表示喜愛的:love/like/enjoy…;be fond of…;be interested
in…;show great interest in…;lose oneself in…;put one’s heart into…;be good at;be poor at;be weak in;表達個人想法的:
I think/believe…;(as)for me;in my opinion/view;as a student;from the bottom of my heart;personally;其他:
in general;generally speaking;to be short;to be honest;to tell the truth;as we know;make up one’s mind to do;in a way;
二、記住作文萬能句式 I will work hard to make my dream come true.I hope your dream will come true one day.It takes sb.+時間+to do…
Sb.spend(某種人稱時態)+時間/錢+on sth./(in)doing sth.It’s important/necessary/useful/useless/common…(for sb.)to v…
It’s nice/kind of sb.to v..It’s time for sb.to do sth.It’s a waste of time to…
It’s …years/days since sb.+ved
It’s great fun to do=sb.have great fun doing It’s a pity that… It’s an honor to…
I’m/We’re not allowed to …
I’m afraid of making mistakes… There be …doing…
Great changes have taken place in… sth is/are well worth v-ing.It seems/seemed that…
It seems(im)possible to v… It is said that…
As the saying goes, …
…and ….are different in many ways.too + adj./adv.to do There are many differences between … and … I have made up my mind to … I am sure that…
I am not sure whether/if… I would rather ….than … It doesn’t matter if…
Thank you for v-ing.If everyone can make a contribution to the earth/ nature/ society, our life will be better and better.have/look for a chance to do do outdoor activities be/get used to(doing)sth.learn…from…
be proud of/ take pride in…
play an important/active part/role in… agree with sb.to do sth.with the help of sb.=with one’s help
(反義:without one’s help)
be/get ready to do sth.= be/ get ready for sth.pay attention to… take good care of … make friends with…
get on/along well with …
wish you successful/success as time goes by… graduate from…
looking back to the past three years,…(用現在完成時態)pass the(final)exam stick to doing keep you mind on your goals make up one’s mind to do sth.(on sth.)make a decision to do work hard at English once in a while/ at times/ now and then from then on in the future(將來)/ in future(從今以后)increase our knowledge in fact/as a matter of fact in the beginning/ at first feel like giving up have trouble/difficulty in(doing)sth.have(no)time to do have experience in(doing)sth.follow one’s advice/suggestions
master some basic … skills be required to do ask sb.for help can’t wait to do be supposed to do encourage sb.to do deal/do with …
work out/solve the problems all sorts/kinds of… at home and abroad one of … be full of…
learn sth.by oneself come up with good ideas be surprised at sth.(to do sth.)in order to keep healthy/fit a good way to v… keep(on)trying worry about…/ be worried about… in one’s spare/free time be kind/friendly to be strict with help others say thank you to…
have fun/enjoy oneself/have a good time plenty of +C/U worry about/be worried about ask sb.for help/ turn to sb.for help/call sb.for help be popular with… share sth.with sb.know little/much about … 作文萬能短語
do/try one’s best to v… be/feel sorry for…
help sb.(to)do sth./ with sth.in/during class before/after class
teach sb.to do sth.wish you successful/success as time goes by… graduate from…
looking back to the past three years,…(用現在完成時態)pass the(final)exam stick to doing keep you mind on your goals make up one’s mind to do sth.(on sth.)make a decision to do work hard at English once in a while/ at times/ now and then from then on in the future(將來)/ in future(從今以后)
increase our knowledge/ enlarge our vocabulary in fact/as a matter of fact in the beginning/ at first feel like giving up have trouble/difficulty in(doing)sth.have(no)time to do have experience in(doing)sth.follow one’s advice/suggestions master some basic … skills be required to do ask sb.for help can’t wait to do be supposed to do encourage sb.to do deal/do with …
work out/solve the problems all sorts/kinds of… at home and abroad one of … be full of…
learn sth.by oneself come up with good ideas be surprised at sth.(to do sth.)in order to
keep healthy/fit a good way to v… keep(on)trying worry about…/ be worried about… in one’s spare/free time be kind/friendly to be strict with help others say thank you to…
have fun/enjoy oneself/have a good time plenty of +C/U worry about/be worried about ask sb.for help/ turn to sb.for help/call sb.for help be popular with… share sth.with sb.know little/much about … do/try one’s best to v… be/feel sorry for…
help sb.(to)do sth./ with sth.in/during class before/after class teach sb.to do sth.三、熟悉寫作步驟: 審題:審清作文體裁(類型)時態、人稱等細節; 列提綱(文章結構框架):分幾段,以及每段大體內容; 3 寫作:在提綱的基礎上補充要點; 復查:2遍——1遍看查拼寫、語法、標點等問題;2遍不出聲讀查,靠語感檢查語句是否通順、連貫等; 謄抄:不允許做任何的更改。
總之做到三審:體裁、時態、人稱; 三思:詞匯—>短語—>句式; 三查:要點、拼寫和語法、連貫。作文一般框架:文章分3段:
(1)綜述:概括性強,最多2句話引入主題;
(2)正文——主要內容:層次性強,一定要有過渡型連接詞。最多展開3 個方面,每個方面最多2句話;(3)結尾:緊扣主題,2句話內結束,盡量升華。
四、學會列作文提綱:
例一:利弊型作文——Microblog的利與弊
Para1:(綜述)with the development of internet… more and more popular…
Para2:(利)First, convenient, anywhere, any time;Second, share… with…;Last, express views free, money-free… Para3:(弊)However, one coin has two faces.On the one hand, a waste of time——affect study;On the other hand, not safe——stolen, hurt feelings Para4:(個人)As a student, make good use of it.例二:計劃安排型作文——談假期安排 Para1:(綜述)graduate from…, holiday is coming, plan for this holiday Para2:(正文)Firstly, study comes first.make preparations for the first senior year;Secondly, visit tourist attractions;Last but not least, do sports to build up my body.Para3: I am sure I’ll have a meaningful holiday.(I’m looking forward to the coming holiday.)(I can’t wait to enjoy my summer vocation.)例三:圖表、數字比例型作文
(提出討論或調查的事實)Last week, our class had a class meeting on(how to)… Here are the results.(表達出不同看法或觀點)Most students think … While … 20% of them choose to….Another 15 believe… There are also some… saying that…(表達個人看法)As a student, I agree to…
例四: 說明利弊型作文
Nowadays … is becoming more and more popular.It has many advantages.First, 優點1… Besides, 優點2…
However, every coin has two sides.It also brings us bad influences.On the one hand, 缺點1… On the other hand, 缺點2…
In my opinion,個人觀點 … 例五:不同觀點型
We made a survey about whether we should …提出矛盾問題.Different people hold different ideas.Some believe …正方觀點.First, 原因1… Besides, 原因
2…
While others don’t agree.They think…反方觀點.On the one hand, 原因1… On the other hand, 原因2…
As for me,個人觀點 … 例六: 解決問題型
Recently, the … problem has been more and more serious.…should do something to solve it.Firstly, 方法1… Secondly, 方法2… Finally, 方法3…
I am sure if everyone can make a contribution to …, the … will become better and better.掌握了以上的寫作方法和技巧,經過反復的寫作磨練,我相信,參加中考的學子們一定會在中考中寫出一篇能夠展示內心世界的美麗的英語作文。
第四篇:初中英語作文寫作技巧
初中英語作文高分秘訣
1.動筆之前,認真審題
《中考考試說明》指出,書面表達要切中題意。怎樣才能切中題意?就是要認真審題,看到考題后,先不要急于動筆,要仔細看清題目要求的內容。在自己的頭腦中構思出一個框架或畫面,確定短文的中心思想,不要匆匆下筆,看懂題意,根據圖畫、圖表、提綱或短文提供的資料和信息來審題。審題要審格式、體裁、人物關系、故事情節、主體時態、活動時間、地點等。
2.圍繞中心,擬定提綱
書面表達評分原則有四條:
(1)內容要點;
(2)運用詞匯和結構的數量;
(3)運用語法結構和詞匯的準確性;
(4)上下文的連貫性。
由此可見,要點是給分的一個重要因素。為了防止寫作過程中遺漏要點,同學們要充分發揮自己的觀察力,把情景中給出的各個要點逐條列出。根據短文的中心思想考慮如何開頭、展開和結尾,設想幾個承上啟下的連詞,將主要句型、關鍵詞語草草記下,形成提綱,寫時切忌結構分散,廢話連篇,嚴重跑題。書面表達,內容廣泛,題材多樣,要弄清考題的要求是寫人、敘事、介紹、評論、圖表、書信、日記、通知、便條還是看圖作文或改寫縮寫。如果是日記,要寫清年、月、日和天氣情況;如果是書信,則要注意書信的格式,注意短文字數不要低于或超過規定的字數太多。
3.語言通順,表達準確
(1)避免使用漢語式英語,盡量使用自己熟悉的句型。幾種句型可交替使用,以避免重復和呆板。
(2)多用簡單句型,記事、寫人一般都不需要復雜的句型??蛇m當多使用陳述句、一般疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。不用或少用非謂語或情態動詞等較復雜的句型。
(3).注意語法、句法知識的靈活運用。
1)語態、時態要準確無誤。
2)主謂語要一致,主語的人稱和數要和謂語一致。
3)注意人稱代詞的賓格形式。
4)注意冠詞用法,例如: He is an honest student.中的an不能寫成a。
5)注意拼寫、標點符號和大小寫,例如:receive, believe, fourteen, forty, ninth, restaurant等。
標點符號特別注意漢英的不同,例如:
漢語英語
A.句號。.B.省略號………
C.頓號、無
(4)描寫人物時,要生動具體,例如:
1)外表特征:tall, short, fat, thin, strong, weak, ordinary-looking 等。
2)服飾顏色:red, yellow, blue, white, green, brown, black 等。
3)內心境界:glad, happy, sad, excited, anxious, interested 等。
4)感情描寫:love, like, hate, feel, laugh, cry, smile, shout 等。
5)動作描寫:come, go, get, have, take, bring, fetch 等。
(5)上下文要連貫。上下文的連貫性也是評分的一條原則,因此同學們應把寫好的句子,根據故事情節,事情發生的先后次序(時間或空間),使用一些表示并列、遞進等過渡詞進行加工整理,使文章連貫、自然、流暢。同學們應注意下面過渡的用法:
1)表示并列關系的過渡詞:and, as well as, or …
2)表示轉折關系的過渡詞:but, yet, however …
3)表示時間關系的過渡詞:first, second, third, and then, finally, after, before, after a few days, at last, at that time, later, in the past, immediately, in the meanwhile, when, while, then, after that …
4)表示空間關系的過渡詞:near(to), far(from), in the front of, beside, behind, beyond, above, below, to the right, to the left, on one side, on the other side of, outside …
5)表示比較關系的過渡詞:in the same way, just like, just as …
6)表示對照關系的過渡詞:but, still, yet, however, on the other hand, in spite of, even though …
7)表示遞進關系的過渡詞: also, and, then, too, in addition, moreover, again …
8)表示因果關系的過渡詞:because, since, then, thus, otherwise, so, therefore ,as a result…
9)表示解釋說明的過渡詞:for example, in fact, in this case, for, actually …
10)表示強調的過渡詞:in fact, indeed, necessarily, certainly, without any doubt, truly, most important …
11)表示目的的過渡詞:for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order that, so as to, in order to, …
12)表示列舉的過渡詞:for example , such as …
13)表示總結性的過渡詞:in conclusion, finally, at last, in brief, as has been stated, in a word, in general, in all, in a word, generally speaking …
4.不會表達,另辟蹊徑
中考作文給分是以要點和語言準確度而定,不以文采打分。造句越簡單準確越好,造復合句容易出錯,容易被扣分,閱卷場上有句話:“錯誤面前人人平等,文采好不加分”。如遇到個別要點表達不出來或難以表達,可采用變通的辦法,化難為易,化繁為簡??傊?,所造句子要正確、得體、符合英語表達習慣。
(1)迂回而行
當漢語詞義不會用英語表達時,可以想一個與這個漢語詞義相似的幾種詞義。擴展思路,然后從英語中找出一個與其詞義相近的代替。這樣可有異曲同工之妙。
(2)小詞大用
漢語中有些語意看來很復雜很文雅,但在英語中可用一些常用詞表達。下面這些詞可能在你的書面表達中很有用:take, have, get, make, come, go, do, see, show, happy, nice, kind, help 等。
(3)借花獻佛
有時書面表達中需要的單詞或詞組或許在試卷中的其他地方出現。因為剛剛做過題,記憶猶新,那么就可信手拈來,為我所用。
5.錦上添花,量力而行
如果你還有時間和精力,想把書面表達寫得更好,那么,請注意以下幾點:
(1)句型多樣化,不要I(We)……到底,使人覺得乏味。
(2)適當使用一些并列句或主從復合句。
(3)進一步描繪人或事物時,適當使用定語從句。
(4)適當使用分詞或分詞短語,烘托謂語動詞。
(5)偶爾使用一下倒裝句,增加新鮮感。
(6)適當調換一下狀語在句子中的位置,使句子不雷同。
(7)上下句子緊接時,其中完全相同的成分可以省略,以節省篇幅。
6.書寫工整,卷面整潔
字跡要清晰,讓閱卷人看得清楚,不可字跡潦草,難以辨認,要保持卷面的整潔。
7.寫完之后,勿忘檢查
中考作文時,由于時間緊、內容多,同學們出錯在所難免。因此,改錯這一環節必
不可少。中考作文評卷是根據要點、語言準確性、上下文的連貫性來給分,根據錯誤多少來扣分。因此,中考時花幾分鐘時間用來檢查錯誤顯得尤為重要。檢查錯誤應從以下幾個方面入手:
(1)格式是否有錯。
(2)拼寫有無錯誤。
(3)語言是否用錯。
(4)時態、語態錯誤。
(5)標點錯誤。
(6)人稱是否用錯。
【注意】此時不宜在卷面上作較大的改動,以免顧此失彼,影響全局。
總之,只要平時同學們多練習寫作并有意運用上述方法和技巧,合理分配時間,在中考時一定能寫出高質量的作文,得到令人滿意的考分。
五個步驟寫好中考英語作文
一、認真審題,確定時態人稱,同時關注題材格式
時態:故事性文章一般用過去時,其中表達感受時可用現在時。
說明性或議論性文章一般用現在時,舉例時可用過去時。
根據題目要求也會出現時態的交錯使用,如過去和現在的對比等。
如果句中出現了時間狀語,時態則要遵循時間狀語。
如ago,last…——過去時 next,in…——將來時等 人稱:注意在句子中人稱的統一。例如:Thanks to the teachers, we have improved our English。
其中we和our就是人稱的統一。
格式:注意書信格式的開頭和結尾。
二、找全信息點,緊扣主題,突出重點
切忌只看表格中或所列1、2、3中的信息點。一定把題讀全,找齊信息點,建議用鉛筆標出,寫完后再涂掉。
根據題目,可適當增加合理內容。
特別注意文章要有開頭和結尾。
三、成文時表述正確,文字流暢
切忌與漢語提示的一一對應,使用所學表達方法將語義表達出來即可。
首先考慮句子結構(如主謂賓,主系表等)。
同時注意短語的正確使用和單詞的拼寫,最好使用課本上學過的短語和句式。
四、文章結構清晰,重點句型出彩,可使文章在得分上提高一個檔次
考慮文章的篇章結構,使用適當的連接短語,使文章結構緊湊。
常用連接詞:
1.表文章結構順序:First of all,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second…
And then,Finally,In the end,At last
2.表并列補充關系的:What ismore,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,Inaddition
3.表轉折對比關系的:However,On the contrary,but
Although+clause(從句),In spite of+n/doing
On the one hand…
On the other hand… Some…,while others… 4.表因果關系的:Because,As So,Thus,Therefore,As a result
5.表換一種方式表達:In other words
6.表進行舉例說明:For example,句子;For instance,句子;such as+n/doing
7.表陳述事實:In fact
8.表達自己觀點:As far as I know,In my opinion
9.表總結:In short,In a word,In conclusion,In summary
文中正確使用兩三個好的句型,如:賓語從句、狀語從句、動名詞做主語等。賓語從句舉例:I believe Tianjin will be more beautifulandprosperous。
狀語從句舉例:If everyone does something for the environment, ourhometown will become clean and beautiful。
動名詞做主語舉例:Reading books in the sun is bad for our eyes。
It’s bad for our eyes to read books in the sun。
常用狀語從句句型:
1)時間when,not…until,as soon as
2)目的so that+clause;to do(為了)
3)結果so…that+clause,too…to do(太……以至于……)
4)條件if,unless(除非),as long as(只要)
5)讓步though,although,even though,even if
no matter what/when/where/who/which/how
6)比較as…as…,not so…as…,than
五、認真檢查,檢查信息點是否全面,時態、人稱是否一致,句子結構是否清晰,短語使用、單詞拼寫是否準確等。
檢查后,將草稿謄寫在紙上,請注意按結構分段,書寫清晰。
下面列舉一些在檢查中可發現的錯誤:
1.We live more and more comfortable。
改正:comfortably(副詞修飾動詞)
2.we can get many informations by reading newspapers。
改正:much information
(不可數名詞由much修飾)
3.There has many programs in TV。
改正:There are many programs on TV。
(There be句型和介詞短語)
4.I think ride a bike can keep our health。
改正:I think riding a bike can keep us healthy。(動名詞作主語)
建議大家練習或模仿不同題材的文章,特別注意改錯總結和吸取范文中好的結構與表達方法,適當運用于自己的文章中。
第五篇:初中英語作文寫作技巧
初中英語作文寫作技巧
初中英語作文高分秘訣 1.動筆之前,認真審題
《中考考試說明》指出,書面表達要切中題意。怎樣才能切中題意?就是要認真審題,看到考題后,先不要急于動筆,要仔細看清題目要求的內容。在自己的頭腦中構思出一個框架或畫面,確定短文的中心思想,不要匆匆下筆,看懂題意,根據圖畫、圖表、提綱或短文提供的資料和信息來審題。審題要審格式、體裁、人物關系、故事情節、主體時態、活動時間、地點等。2.圍繞中心,擬定提綱 書面表達評分原則有四條:(1)內容要點;
(2)運用詞匯和結構的數量;
(3)運用語法結構和詞匯的準確性;(4)上下文的連貫性。
由此可見,要點是給分的一個重要因素。為了防止寫作過程中遺漏要點,同學們要充分發揮自己的觀察力,把情景中給出的各個要點逐條列出。根據短文的中心思想考慮如何開頭、展開和結尾,設想幾個承上啟下的連詞,將主要句型、關鍵詞語草草記下,形成提綱,寫時切忌結構分散,廢話連篇,嚴重跑題。書面表達,內容廣泛,題材多樣,要弄清考題的要求是寫人、敘事、介紹、評論、圖表、書信、日記、通知、便條還是看圖作文或改寫縮寫。如果是日記,要寫清年、月、日和天氣情況;如果是書信,則要注意書信的格式,注意短文字數不要低于或超過規定的字數太多。3.語言通順,表達準確
(1)避免使用漢語式英語,盡量使用自己熟悉的句型。幾種句型可交替使用,以避免重復和呆板。
(2)多用簡單句型,記事、寫人一般都不需要復雜的句型??蛇m當多使用陳述句、一般疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。不用或少用非謂語或情態動詞等較復雜的句型。
(3).注意語法、句法知識的靈活運用。1)語態、時態要準確無誤。
2)主謂語要一致,主語的人稱和數要和謂語一致。3)注意人稱代詞的賓格形式。
4)注意冠詞用法,例如: He is an honest student.中的an不能寫成a。
5)注意拼寫、標點符號和大小寫,例如:receive, believe, fourteen, forty, ninth, restaurant等。
標點符號特別注意漢英的不同,例如:
漢語英語A.句號。.B.省略號………C.頓號、無(4)描寫人物時,要生動具體,例如:
1)外表特征:tall, short, fat, thin, strong, weak, ordinary-looking 等。
2)服飾顏色:red, yellow, blue, white, green, brown, black 等。3)內心境界:glad, happy, sad, excited, anxious, interested 等。4)感情描寫:love, like, hate, feel, laugh, cry, smile, shout 等。5)動作描寫:come, go, get, have, take, bring, fetch 等。
(5)上下文要連貫。上下文的連貫性也是評分的一條原則,因此同學們應把寫好的句子,根據故事情節,事情發生的先后次序(時間或空間),使用一些表示并列、遞進等過渡詞進行加工整理,使文章連貫、自然、流暢。同學們應注意下面過渡的用法: 1)表示并列關系的過渡詞:and, as well as, or … 2)表示轉折關系的過渡詞:but, yet, however …
3)表示時間關系的過渡詞:first, second, third, and then, finally, after, before, after a few days, at last, at that time, later, in the past, immediately, in the meanwhile, when, while, then, after that …
4)表示空間關系的過渡詞:near(to), far(from), in the front of, beside, behind, beyond, above, below, to the right, to the left, on one side, on the other side of, outside …
5)表示比較關系的過渡詞:in the same way, just like, just as … 6)表示對照關系的過渡詞:but, still, yet, however, on the other hand, in spite of, even though …
7)表示遞進關系的過渡詞: also, and, then, too, in addition, moreover, again …
8)表示因果關系的過渡詞:because, since, then, thus, otherwise, so, therefore ,as a result…
9)表示解釋說明的過渡詞:for example, in fact, in this case, for, actually …
10)表示強調的過渡詞:in fact, indeed, necessarily, certainly, without any doubt, truly, most important …
11)表示目的的過渡詞:for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order that, so as to, in order to, …
12)表示列舉的過渡詞:for example , such as …
13)表示總結性的過渡詞:in conclusion, finally, at last, in brief, as has been stated, in a word, in general, in all, in a word, generally speaking …
4.不會表達,另辟蹊徑
中考作文給分是以要點和語言準確度而定,不以文采打分。造句越簡單準確越好,造復合句容易出錯,容易被扣分,閱卷場上有句話:“錯誤面前人人平等,文采好不加分”。如遇到個別要點表達不出來或難以表達,可采用變通的辦法,化難為易,化繁為簡??傊?,所造句子要正確、得體、符合英語表達習慣。(1)迂回而行
當漢語詞義不會用英語表達時,可以想一個與這個漢語詞義相似的幾種詞義。擴展思路,然后從英語中找出一個與其詞義相近的代替。這樣可有異曲同工之妙。(2)小詞大用
漢語中有些語意看來很復雜很文雅,但在英語中可用一些常用詞表達。下面這些詞可能在你的書面表達中很有用:take, have, get, make, come, go, do, see, show, happy, nice, kind, help 等。(3)借花獻佛
有時書面表達中需要的單詞或詞組或許在試卷中的其他地方出現。因為剛剛做過題,記憶猶新,那么就可信手拈來,為我所用。5.錦上添花,量力而行
如果你還有時間和精力,想把書面表達寫得更好,那么,請注意以下幾點:
(1)句型多樣化,不要I(We)……到底,使人覺得乏味。(2)適當使用一些并列句或主從復合句。
(3)進一步描繪人或事物時,適當使用定語從句。(4)適當使用分詞或分詞短語,烘托謂語動詞。(5)偶爾使用一下倒裝句,增加新鮮感。
(6)適當調換一下狀語在句子中的位置,使句子不雷同。(7)上下句子緊接時,其中完全相同的成分可以省略,以節省篇幅。6.書寫工整,卷面整潔
字跡要清晰,讓閱卷人看得清楚,不可字跡潦草,難以辨認,要保持卷面的整潔。
7.寫完之后,勿忘檢查
中考作文時,由于時間緊、內容多,同學們出錯在所難免。因此,改錯這一環節必不可少。中考作文評卷是根據要點、語言準確性、上下文的連貫性來給分,根據錯誤多少來扣分。因此,中考時花幾分鐘時間用來檢查錯誤顯得尤為重要。檢查錯誤應從以下幾個方面入手:
(1)格式是否有錯。(2)拼寫有無錯誤。(3)語言是否用錯。(4)時態、語態錯誤。(5)標點錯誤。
(6)人稱是否用錯。
【注意】此時不宜在卷面上作較大的改動,以免顧此失彼,影響全局。
總之,只要平時同學們多練習寫作并有意運用上述方法和技巧,合理分配時間,在中考時一定能寫出高質量的作文,得到令人滿意的考分。