第一篇:2014屆高三英語大一輪復習單元知識練習_Book_3_Unit_2_Healthy_eating_Word版含解析
2014屆高三英語大一輪復習單元知識練習
Unit 2 Healthy eating
Ⅰ.單項填空
1.Learn to________your knowledge with my experience,and you are sure to succeed.A.joinB.uniteC.connectD.combine
答案 D
解析 考查動詞辨析。join參加;unite聯合;connect聯系,連接;combine結合。句意為:學會把你的知識與我的經驗結合起來,你一定會成功。combine...with...把??和??結合起來。
2.As we all know,everyone has his own________and weaknesses, so we should learn from each other.A.strengthsB.valueC.techniqueD.energy
答案 A
解析 句意為:眾所周知,每個人有自己的優缺點,因而我們要相互學習。strength強項,長處,與weakness相對應。value價值;technique技術;energy精力,能量。
3.A good teacher should leave some time for the students to________the knowledge.A.introduceB.receiveC.digestD.accept
答案 C
解析 考查動詞辨析。句意為:一個好老師應該留些時間讓學生消化知識。digest消化;introduce介紹;receive收到;accept接受。
4.Who is most likely to________the old lady’s death?
A.benefitB.benefit from
C.be beneficialD.be beneficial to
答案 B[來源:Z.X.X.K]
解析 benefit對??有益;benefit from從??中獲益;be beneficial to對??有益,故選B項。
5.Never lie to your friends.Once you lose their trust, it is impossible to________.A.win it outB.win it over
C.win it backD.win it through
答案 C
解析 考查動詞短語辨析。win out在競爭中取勝,戰勝對方;win over說服;win through克服障礙。win back贏回,奪回,符合句意。
6.—They________have prepared for the meeting more carefully.—But they didn’t.What a pity!
A.shouldn’tB.can’t
C.mayD.ought to
答案 D
第1頁
解析 ought to have done sth.本來應該做某事而沒做。句意為:——他們應該更細心地
準備會議的。——可他們沒有,太遺憾了。
7.Don’t cheat in the exam—you’ll never________it.A.keep away fromB.stay away from
C.get away withD.do away with
答案 C
解析 考查動詞短語辨析。get away with逃脫處罰,(做壞事)不受懲罰。句意為:考試不要作弊——你絕不會逃脫懲罰的。keep away from遠離;stay away from離開;do away with廢除。
8.I am heavily________at the moment, but I hope to be out of it when I get paid.A.in debtB.in trouble
C.of difficultyD.in danger
答案 A
解析 考查介詞短語辨析。句意為:我現在陷入嚴重的債務危機中,但是我希望發了工資后會擺脫債務困擾。由后半句的“out of it when I get paid”可知A項正確。in debt欠債;in trouble陷入困境;in danger陷入危險。
9.If you don’t ________ your smoking,I will ________ your supply.A.cut up;cut downB.cut down;cut off
C.cut in;cut offD.cut in;cut up
答案 B
解析 句意為:如果你不減少抽煙,我將中斷供應。cut down削減;cut off切斷,中斷。
10.The director had her assistant ________ some hot dogs for the meeting.A.picked upB.picks up
C.pick upD.picking up
答案 C
解析 have sb.do sth.叫某人做某事。句意為:主任讓她的助手順便為會議買了些熱狗。
11.Usually there is a speed ________ of 30 km/h in towns or villages.A.levelB.standardC.limitD.degree
答案 C
解析 句意為:通常在城鎮或鄉村的時速限制為每小時30公里。a speed limit時速限制,符合題意。
12.I don’t think you should ________;you are quite slim.A.put on weightB.lose weight
C.put weightD.gain weight
答案 B
解析 根據空后的“你相當苗條”可知,“你”不應該“減肥”(lose weight)。put on/gain weight表示“增加體重”。
13.You ________ go to the post office.It’s going to rain.A.had better not toB.had not better
C.had better notD.had not better to
答案 C
解析 had better的否定形式為had better not。故選C。
14.He went from door to door,________ waste papers and magazines.A.gatheringB.gatheredC.gatherD.being gathered
答案 A
解析 考查現在分詞短語作伴隨狀語,又gather與he為主動關系,故選A。
15.—What makes Tom unpopular with his fellows?
—________.A.Tell a lieB.Telling lies
C.Told liesD.Telling lie
答案 B
解析 考查tell a lie/lies“說謊”;同時telling a lie/lies在句中作主語。
Ⅱ.閱讀理解
A
Over the summer,18-year-old Roberto Mancera of Chandler wasn’t looking forward to dances,football games or even his last year in high school.He was more excited about building a robot that will compete in the sixth annual FIRST Robotics Competition(FRC)Arizona Regional.FIRST stands for For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology,a non-profit organization that believes the heroes of today’s youth should be engineers,not sports or pop stars.They aim to change the culture by hosting athletic-like competitions for robots,with cheering fans,mascots(吉祥物)and music.Mancera and a team of about 14 of his schoolmates will compete this year against 44 other high school teams from all over Arizona,California and New Mexico at the Arizona Veterans Memorial Coliseum in Phoenix.Finalists will move on to the FRC 2009 Championship in Atlanta to face teams from 48 states and seven other countries.For the 40 regional events worldwide,a similar “kit(工具包)of parts” is given to each of the 1,680 teams from around the globe every January.The robot functions are different every year,and after a six-week building season,robots are boxed up and shipped off to the competition’s destination.The competition has a minimum $6,000 entrance fee,and students are sponsored and by adult professionals and experts,like computer science teacher Sam Alexander,39,at Chandler High.“I try to give the kids the challenge and they try to figure it out,” he said.“They work through the entire scientific method without me giving them the answers.”
FIRST students are also eligible(有資格的)to apply for $9.7 million in college scholarships,something that Alexander’s students have taken advantage of.“You learn skills that your average student isn’t learning,” Mancera said.“It’s really amazing,and
I’ve been able to meet a lot of interesting people.” Mancera said that he found himself when he joined the robotics team.He now has a career goal set and has learned valuable leadership skills.1.The goal of FIRST is to________.A.help students have a rich summer
B.choose heroes for today’s youth
C.develop the interest of young people in sports
D.create a culture of valuing technology
答案 D
解析 事實細節題。根據第二段的“They aim to change the culture by hosting athletic-like competitions for robots...”可知答案為D項。
2.Each robot made for the competition is________.A.designed for a different function
B.decorated similarly
C.a team-made product
D.a copy of famous robots
答案 C
解析 推理判斷題。根據第三段的“Mancera and a team of about 14 of his schoolmates...” 可知,參賽機器人是團隊制作的產品。
3.Which of the following words has the similar meaning to the underlined word “mentored” in Para.5?
A.Guided.B.Controlled.C.Judged.D.Replaced.答案 A
解析 猜測詞義題。根據第五段中“students are sponsored and...by adult professionals and experts”可知專家們贊助并指導參賽學生。
4.What’s the influence of FIRST on Roberto Mancera?
A.He has been awarded a college scholarship.B.He has become the hero for his classmates.C.It has helped him to decide his future career.D.It has allowed him to make a lot of friends with the same interest.答案 C
解析 事實細節題。根據最后一段的“He now has a career goal set...”可知答案為C項。
B
Scientists studying the impact of climate change on the Arctic need to consider ways to reduce their own carbon footprints(碳排放量),says Ryan Brook,a researcher who regularly flies north to study the health of caribous(馴鹿).He calls on scientists to show leadership by examining and sharing ways to reduce the impact of working in polar regions.“The importance of the research is not at question here.It is important to our understanding of and adapting to climate change.But we need to think about better approaches,” says Brook.“This is an issue for all scientists,though polar researchers often travel particularly long distances using commercial air travel.We also rely extensively on small aircraft,icebreakers,and snowmobiles,all of which produce large amounts of carbon.”
Brook studies the health of caribou herds in Nunavut and Northwest Territories.He works with northern wildlife managers.This work typically takes him north five or six times per year and when he calculated his own carbon footprint,he was not happy with the result.“My research footprints are about the same as the annual footprints of an average Toronto resident.Basically,I have two footprints—my own personal life,which is moderate,and my research footprint.”
Climate scientists can rightly argue that Arctic research is a specialized field and the community of scientists who travel north is relatively small.Even if all scientists working in the north reduced their carbon emissions,it would not make a big impact on the global scale.For Brook,it’s the option that matters.There are ways researchers can reduce the amount of carbon they use.Some helicopters use less fuel than others.Solar and wind power are alternatives to gas-fired generators.And while carbon offsets(抵消)don’t reduce the amount of carbon emitted,they are an easy first step.“There aren’t necessarily any easy answers,but we need to start talking about it,”says Brook.“This is particularly important for the next generation of scientists being trained and I hope to see them become leaders in this issue.”
5.The underlined word “It” in Para.2 refers to________.A.the research of climate change on the Arctic
B.the study of the health of caribous
C.the impact of working in polar regions
D.the reduction of polar scientists’carbon emissions
答案 A
解析 代詞指代題。根據“The importance of the research is not at question here.It is important to our understanding of and adapting to climate change.”(這項研究的重要性不言而喻。它對我們理解并適應氣候變化很重要)可知“It”指:對北極氣候變化的研究工作。
6.What did Brook find when he calculated his own carbon footprints?
A.His carbon footprints are more than the annual footprints of a Toronto resident.B.His personal life footprints are more than the annual footprints of a Toronto resident.C.His research footprints are about the same as his personal life footprints.D.His personal life footprints are more than his research footprints.答案 A
解析 推理判斷題。根據第五段的“My research footprints are about the same as the annual footprints...I have two footprints—my own personal life...and my research footprint.”可知Brook的carbon
footprints(personal life footprint+research footprint)比“the annual footprint of an average Toronto resident”多。
7.We can infer from the last paragraph that________.A.we should take actions immediately instead of just talking
B.it’s easy to start talking about the problem of carbon emissions
C.it’s necessary now to pay attention to the problem of research footprints
D.the next generation of scientists are more interested in research footprints
答案 C
解析 推理判斷題。根據最后一段的“...but we need to start talking about it...”可知答案為C項。
8.What’s the main idea of the text?
A.The importance of arctic research is not at question.B.Climate change becomes worse because of arctic research.C.Brook suggests ways of reducing the use of carbon.D.Scientists must look at their own carbon footprints.答案 D
解析 主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了一位科學家通過關注自己在北極地區研究時所產生的二氧化碳問題,從而提出了所有的科學家在北極地區工作時,要注意自己產生的碳排放的問題。
第二篇:2018高考英語大一輪復習Module1LifeintheFuture檢測
Module 1 Life in the Future Ⅰ.語法填空
What might the future be like? Here are some interesting 1.(prediction).More than 2 billion Chinese travel during the Spring Festival every year, 2.(make)getting travel tickets and the journey difficult.China plans 3.(build)a fast transportation network that will serve 90% of the population.4.(probable)in 20 years’ time, the Spring Festival travel will no longer be a problem at all.Newspapers will come to 5.end in the future.Instead, digital newspapers 6.(send)to personal web tools through the Internet and information will spread faster.Oil is running out faster than 7.(expect).Scientists across the world are researching alternative energy resources.In the future, coal, natural gas, solar power, nuclear power and even water can take the place of oil 8.sources of energy.Schools will be fitted with electronic devices.Students will not need to bring books to school.They will find information on the Internet.A computer will be the students’ library, schoolbag as well as connection to the outside world.There will be robot teachers who will check homework on computers 9.communicate with the students’ parents by e-mail.And school buses will be like spaceships,10.(comfort)and safe.答案及剖析: 1.predictions 考查名詞。根據謂語動詞are可判斷主語用復數形式。
2.making 考查非謂語動詞。making getting travel tickets and the journey difficult為現在分詞短語作結果狀語。
3.to build 考查非謂語動詞。plan后接動詞不定式作賓語,表示“計劃做某事”。4.Probably 考查副詞。句子缺少狀語,故用probable的副詞形式。5.an 考查冠詞。come to an end為習慣搭配,意為“結束”。
6.will be sent 考查動詞的時態和語態。主語digital newspapers是謂語動詞send的承受者,用被動語態;這里是對將來的預言,用一般將來時。
7.expected 考查非謂語動詞。than expected是than it is expected的省略結構,意為“比預期的”。
8.as 考查介詞。介詞as此處意為“作為”。
9.and 考查連詞。check homework與communicate with the students’ parents在意義上是并列關系,用and連接。
10.comfortable 考查形容詞。修飾school buses,需用comfort的形容詞形式,與safe 并列。Ⅱ.閱讀理解
(2017四川廣安、遂寧、內江、眉山一診)Over the next decade, technology will decimate more jobs in many professions.Some robots already cost less to operate than the salaries of the humans they replace, and they are getting cheaper.Boston Consulting Group predicts that, by 2025, the operating cost of a robot that does welding(焊接)will be less than $2 per hour, for example.That’s more affordable than the $25 per hour that a human welder earns today in America.Uber and many other companies are working on developing cars and trucks that don’t need a driver in the driver’s seat.According to the American Trucking Associations, approximately 3 million truck drivers were employed in the United States in 2010, and 6.8 million others were employed in other jobs relating to trucking activity.So roughly one of every 15 workers in the country is employed in the trucking business.We could be talking about millions of jobs disappearing in the early 2020s.And then there is the “Gig Economy(零工經濟)” that has some businesses moving toward part-time, on-demand employment.Uber has already done this to taxi drivers, and other technology companies are doing it to a wide range of jobs.A study by Intuit predicted that, by 2020, 40% of American workers will be self-employed, and that full-time jobs will be harder to find.We are talking about 60 million people in this category.The problem is that not only do such part-time workers lack reliable full-time jobs and sick pay, but they can’t enjoy health insurance and longer-term benefits.The measures to be taken are to raise trade barriers.But closing the doors to foreign trade won’t bring jobs back.It will only slow the global economy and hurt American exports, shrinking the U.S.economy and accelerating job loss.1.The underlined word “decimate” in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by “
”.A.make someone interested in
B.equip someone for C.wipe out D.bring back 2.What will happen with technologies developing according to the text? A.Robots will become smarter and smarter.B.Uber’s labor cost will be lower and lower.C.More and more truck drivers will be needed.D.Taxi drivers can enjoy more health insurance.3.Which of the following does the writer agree on? A.Welcoming foreign trade.B.Offering more part-time jobs.C.Using fewer robots to stop job loss.D.Developing more new technologies.4.What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing the text? A.To show technology advances in our daily life.B.To prove technologies cause low incomes.C.To introduce what the Gig Economy is.D.To warn the Gig Economy is coming.語篇解讀:本文為一篇議論文。作者認為,在未來十年里,新科技的運用會縮減大量工作崗位,零工經濟將會出現。
1.C 猜測詞義題。根據第三段最后一句We could be talking about millions of jobs disappearing in the early 2020s.可以判斷出,隨著新科技的運用,許多工作會消失,由此可以推測出與C項wipe out(消滅,摧毀)同義。
2.B 推理判斷題。根據第三段中Uber and many other companies are working on developing cars and trucks that don’t need a driver in the driver’s seat.可知,Uber公司將大幅減少勞動力成本。故B項正確。
3.A 推理判斷題。根據最后一段中But closing the doors to foreign trade won’t bring jobs back.It will only slow the global economy and hurt American exports,shrinking the U.S.economy and accelerating job loss.可知,作者認為關閉外貿之門不會帶來就業,它只會使全球經濟變緩,使美國出口受損,從而收縮了美國經濟,加劇了失業,因此作者應該是贊同對外貿易的。故A項正確。
4.D 推理判斷題。本文論述科技對社會的影響,并告誡人們科技的發展使得工作崗位大量減少,零工經濟將會出現。故選D項。Ⅲ.完形填空
“If only I could have saved her.The ambulance got there within five minutes,but I couldn’t 1 her on my own,”my cousin Christopher 2 explained the situation to my aunt Patti.Aunt Patti said gently,“It is not your 3 ,Christopher!”
Standing in the 4 ,I saw tears streaming down the faces of my loved ones.Aunt Patti walked into the room, 5 Sam,six weeks in age.Sam did not 6 the effect this would have on his life.“Can I hold him?”I 7 this baby boy and couldn’t imagine what great pain his father was 8.Aunt Patti handed Sam to me,and her sleeve became wet as she 9 her face.Who would 10 a mother’s role if his mother didn’t make it?I knew Sam needed more love than ever.My friend Abi was 11 me at that time.We 12 to hold a party at her house.Looking at Sam,I decided to stay in the hospital and 13 him.I told my mother the 14 ,and she felt quite 15 because I always wanted to be with my friends,but that day was 16.I knew I needed to be with my family.“Everything is going to be 17 ,Sam,”I said.Although he didn’t understand the words,he smiled.On March 8,Sam’s mom passed away.He was too 18 to understand the sadness and the tears, 19 I believed his future life would be happy.Life without his mother will not be like my childhood,but I know I can 20.By babysitting him,playing with him,and listening to him,I can have an influence on his life.1.A.save B.find
C.protect D.cure 2.A.angrily B.sadly C.bravely D.secretly 3.A.job B.turn C.fault D.nature 4.A.yard B.office
C.park D.hospital 5.A.introducing B.holding C.following D.calling 6.A.understand B.believe C.admit D.enjoy 7.A.raised B.loved C.inspired D.discovered 8.A.hiding B.controlling C.causing D.suffering 9.A.wiped B.washed
C.covered D.touched 10.A.like B.get C.know D.replace 11.A.worrying about B.talking about C.waiting for D.calling for 12.A.needed B.planned C.began D.hoped 13.A.guide B.treat C.teach D.watch 14.A.decision B.change
C.advice D.answer 15.A.embarrassed B.surprised C.disappointed D.tired 16.A.different B.cold C.dark D.boring 17.A.ready B.perfect C.okay D.hard 18.A.weak B.anxious C.young D.lovely 19.A.or B.as C.so D.but 20.A.insist B.manage C.help D.explain 語篇解讀:本文是夾敘夾議文,話題是人物故事類。一位親戚不幸去世,留下了6周大的孩子。于是,作者決定盡全力去幫助這個孩子。答案及剖析: 1.A 根據第一句可知,Christopher自己無能為力,救不了她。2.B 從Christopher說的話可知,他很傷心地解釋著。
3.C 根據If only I could have saved her及gently可知,姑姑說這不是他的錯。4.D 根據第13空前的I decided to stay in the hospital可知,作者在醫院里。5.B 由本空后的six weeks in age可知,嬰兒才6周大,姑姑抱著孩子。另:下文第7空前hold有提示。
6.A Sam才6周大,所以他理解不了母親的去世對他的影響。7.B 從下文作者決心要幫助他可知,作者愛這個孩子。
8.D Sam的媽媽生命垂危,所以作者無法想象Sam的父親在遭受著多大的痛苦。9.A 根據本空前的her sleeve became wet可知,她用衣袖擦眼淚。
10.D 根據本空后的if his mother didn’t make it可知,這里的疑問是誰將代替母親的角色。
11.C 根據下文的hold a party at her house及I decided to stay in the hospital可知,朋友那時正等著作者去她家。
12.B 作者和朋友計劃在朋友家里舉辦一個聚會。
13.D 從最后一段作者的打算可知,她要留在醫院照看Sam。14.A 作者把自己不去朋友家的決定告訴了媽媽。
15.B 根據because I always wanted to be with my friends可知,作者的媽媽感到很 驚訝。
16.A 根據but可知,那天不一樣。
17.C 根據he smiled可知,作者安慰Sam,一切會好起來的。
18.C 由第5空后的six weeks in age可知,他太年幼以至于還不明白人們為什么悲傷和 流淚。
19.D 從本空后的內容可知,Sam還太年幼,但是作者相信他未來的生活會幸福。
20.C 下句babysitting him,playing with him和listening to him是作者要幫助做的事。
第三篇:高三語文大一輪復習-第11練
一、語言基礎知識
1.下列詞語中,加點字的注音全都正確的一項是()
A.對稱(chèn)
癖好(pǐ)
狠角色(jué)
窗明幾凈(jǐ)
B.檔案(dǎnɡ)
菜畦(qí)
白樺樹(huà)
捫心自問(mén)
C.湖泊(pō)
藤蔓(wàn)
節骨眼(jiē)
以儆效尤(jǐnɡ)
D.校樣(jiào)
肖像(xiào)
腈綸絲(qínɡ)
歃血為盟(shà)
2.下列各句中,沒有錯別字的一項是()
A.央視播出專題節目,揭露過多的垃圾文件是導致智能手機運行速度變慢的原兇,并采訪獵豹清理大師的工程師,請他為消費者提供解決方案。
B.女子就像散文,她一定是安詳和美麗的,即使沒有雍容華麗的外表,眉宇間流淌的氣質一定會淡雅、簡約,給人一種非常愉悅的視覺享受。
C.傳統產業是否日薄西山,完全取決于技術和理念的創新與否。國人蜂涌去日本買馬桶蓋一事說明,世上本沒有夕陽產業,而只有夕陽企業。
D.騰訊產品占領市場份額的秘密在于通過帳號的捆綁,把數據輸送到后臺進行統計分析,第一時間就知道你喜歡聽怎樣的歌、玩怎樣的游戲。
3.下列各句中,加點的詞語運用不正確的一項是()
A.環衛工人黃阿姨在清掃街道時,不慎落入一口無蓋窨井,由于傷勢嚴重,右腿截肢,但多個相關部門均推脫責任,不肯出面。
B.西安西北大學現代學院禁止學生過平安夜,并組織全體學生觀看中華傳統文化宣傳片,人們不禁思索,抵制圣誕節何嘗不是一種文化自卑。
C.熱鬧喜慶的場景中,所有的擺設都是吉祥的象征,尤其是那幅《八仙圖》,各顯神通的八仙會聚在一條徐徐而來的船上,惟妙惟肖,讓人閱之欣然。
D.近幾年來,中國的新年音樂會演出內容相當豐富,既有象征著中華藝粹的戲曲主題音樂會和民族經典音樂會,也有中國人耳濡目染的西方作品音樂會。
4.下列各句中,沒有語病的一項是()
A.專家指出,中央對文化建設的高度重視,高層在文化理論創新與實踐認識方面正逐漸走向成熟,相關的文化建設能力正在不斷地提升。
B.明年我國將把促進社會公平放在更加突出的位置,加強和創新社會管理,突出抓好維護社會穩定、保障公共安全等工作。
C.在歐洲看“蒙娜麗莎的微笑”,你立即就能感覺到,這種恬然的自信只屬于那些真正從中世紀的夢魘中蘇醒、對前路挺有把握的藝術家們才會有。
D.下半年以來,鄂爾多斯市發生多起高利貸崩盤事件。有研究者認為,目前我國部分地區民間高利貸風險逐步加大,所以采取措施加以控制,就可以解決部分地區的金融問題。
5.依次填入下面一段文字橫線處的語句,銜接最恰當的一項是()
溫室效應,俗稱“大氣保溫效應”。________,________,________,________,________,________,這種增溫效應類似于栽培植物的玻璃溫室,故此得名溫室效應。
①地球表面吸收這些短波輻射熱量后升溫
②這樣就使得地球表面的大氣溫度升高
③升溫后的地球表面反而向大氣釋放長波輻射熱量
④來自太陽的熱量以短波輻射的形式到達地球外空間
⑤這些長波熱量很容易被大氣中的溫室氣體吸收
⑥穿越厚厚的大氣層到達地球表面
A.①⑥④⑤③②
B.④①③⑤⑥②
C.④⑥①③⑤②
D.①④⑥③⑤②
二、名句默寫
6.補寫出下列名篇名句的空缺部分。(只選3小題)
(1)句讀之不知,________________,或師焉,或不焉,________________,吾未見其明也。(韓愈《師說》)
(2)________________,鐘鳴鼎食之家;舸艦迷津,____________________。(王勃《滕王閣序》)
(3)此去經年,________________。便縱有千種風情,________________!(柳永《雨霖鈴》)
(4)上有六龍回日之高標,____________________。黃鶴之飛尚不得過,__________________。(李白《蜀道難》)
(5)吾恐季孫之憂,__________________,__________________。(《季氏將伐顓臾》)
三、語言運用——圖文轉換
7.下面的《春節》《端午節》兩圖是“中華七大傳統節日形象標志創作大賽”獲獎作品。這兩幅作品,你喜歡哪一幅?請從構圖和寓意角度說明喜歡的理由。要求:語言準確、鮮明,不超過60字。
我更喜歡________標志作品。
理由:
8.下面是我校公布的河南省實驗中學校徽,請寫出該標志中除文字以外的構圖要素及其寓意,要求:語言簡明,句子通順。
答:
9.閱讀下面這幅漫畫,回答問題。
(1)請簡要說明畫面的內容。(不超過50字)
答:
(2)這幅漫畫的寓意:
答案解析
1.C [A項“幾”讀jī。B項“檔”讀dànɡ。D項“腈”讀jīnɡ。]
2.B [A項原—元。C項涌—擁。D項帳—賬。]
3.D [A項推脫:推卸。B項何嘗:用反問的語氣表示未曾或并非。C項惟妙惟肖:形容描寫或模仿得非常好,非常逼真。D項耳濡目染:形容見得多聽得多了之后,無形之中受到影響。用于此處不合語境。]
4.B [A項“中央對文化建設的高度重視”偷換了主語,應去掉“的”。C項句式雜糅,去掉“只屬于”或者“才會有”。D項不合邏輯,應為“如不采取措施加以控制,有可能引發部分地區的金融問題”。]
5.C [這是一段說明“溫室效應”的文字。抓住關鍵詞語“來自”“穿越”“吸收”“釋放”“吸收”“升高”,不難得出答案。]
6.(1)惑之不解 小學而大遺(2)閭閻撲地 青雀黃龍之軸(3)應是良辰好景虛設 更與何人說(4)下有沖波逆折之回川 猿猱欲度愁攀援(5)不在顓臾 而在蕭墻之內也
7.(示例一)《春節》 畫面由燈籠和書法“春”字等中國元素巧妙構成,象征來年吉祥喜慶、生活紅紅火火,具有濃郁的中國傳統文化意味。
(示例二)《端午節》 畫面由粽子形狀的山、龍舟、圖章和書法“端午”等中國元素巧妙構成,象征著趨利避邪、一帆風順,具有濃郁的民俗文化韻味。
解析 解題時要做到“一看”,即看構圖;“二想”,即想寓意。第一幅作品主要由燈籠和“春”字組成,不難想到“吉祥喜慶”“紅紅火火”這樣的寓意;第二幅作品主要由粽子形狀的山、龍舟、圖章和書法“端午”組成,不難想到“趨利避邪”“一帆風順”這樣的寓意。
8.(示例)該校徽圖案由變形的“A”和太陽組成,神似一位奔跑中的巨人,體現出實驗中學以人為本的教育理念。其中,“A”是26個英文字母中的第一個字母,象征著永爭第一的精神;太陽寓示著永恒、光明、生機、繁盛和希望。“A”和太陽的完美組合,仿佛一位頂天立地的巨人在迎著朝陽奮力奔跑,象征著實驗中學奔騰不息的活力和無限美好的前景。整體圖案體現出以人為本、永爭第一的實驗精神。
解析 解答此題時先看清構圖要素。該校徽由“A”、太陽和奔跑的人組成。由“A”可以聯想到“開始”“第一”等,由“太陽”可以聯想到“永恒”“光明”“希望”等,由“奔跑的人”可以聯想到“以人為本”“奔騰不息”等。然后再根據“校徽”這一特質對聯想的內容進行取舍,最后得出符合要求的寓意。
9.(1)在一堆樹枝旁,一人邊扶樹苗邊問:“這樹枝能活嗎?”另一人邊抽煙邊培土,說:“管它呢……等領導檢查完就全拔掉!”
(2)諷刺了弄虛作假、應付差事的行為。
解析(1)注意準確說明人物的動作、語言。(2)應結合現實生活,從具體的現象(栽樹枝來應付領導檢查)出發,分析事情的本質,進而概括其抽象的寓意。
第四篇:高三語文大一輪復習-第8練
一、語言基礎知識
1.下列詞語中,加點字的注音全都正確的一項是()
A.慰藉(jiè)
覬覦(jì)
蒙蒙亮(ménɡ)
泥古不化(nì)
B.篤信(dǔ)
蜷縮(quán)
舴艋舟(zhà)
一顰一笑(pín)
C.旋渦(xuàn)
矗立(chù)
水門汀(tīnɡ)
娓娓動聽(wěi)
D.頤養(yí)
浸漬(zì)
沙家浜(bānɡ)
切中肯綮(qìnɡ)
2.下列各句中,沒有錯別字的一項是()
A.一位作家說:“理想的人生,應該介乎我本人目空一切的懶散與世人無止境的瘋狂之間。”其實,一種健康的人生,應該是張馳有度的,適當停下來,享受活著的感覺,是有必要的。
B.霧霾難以解決,作為主管環境污染治理的環保部門難辭其咎,但這并非只是他們的責任。霧霾天氣的形成,是多方面因素引起的,比如汽車尾氣越來越多,居民大量焚燒秸桿等。
C.真正的魔鬼,乃是埋藏在人心深處的“心魔”,一遇誘惑便會原形必露,面目猙獰。人之所以活得累,不是被空中之鬼鞭打,而是被內心的欲望鞭打,對此,又有多少人能幡然醒悟呢?
D.網站如果沒有自己獨特的文化,就不能在互聯網大軍中吸引人們的注意力,辦出自己的特色,所以要著力打造自己的文化品牌,切忌沒有自己的思想,拾人牙慧,人云亦云。
3.下列各句中,加點的詞語運用正確的一項是()
A.家長忍辱負重去滿足孩子炫富的行為,不但給家庭造成嚴重的生活負擔,而且不利于孩子形成正確的價值觀。
B.企業離退休人員免費體檢開始后,多家醫院都出現了人滿為患的現象,很多老人凌晨就出門去醫院排隊。針對這種現象,有人建議延長體檢時間,增加體檢醫院。
C.她忘情地唱著。那粗獷的土地上有她的青春和汗水,也許在歌聲中,她能一次次地回去,回到她的青春時代。
D.人的長大是分兩個臺階的,身體的高大往往表明生理的成熟,一個人只有心理成熟起來,才是真正的成熟。
4.下列各句中,沒有語病的一項是()
A.曾經如日中天的深圳市快播科技有限公司,因為涉嫌故意侵犯他人信息網絡傳播權,深圳市場監督管理局下達2.6億元的“天價罰單”。
B.時局動蕩,政治黑暗,讓長大成人后的阮籍喜歡上了《老子》《莊子》,有時他也會對自己遵從的儒家禮法嗤之以鼻。
C.2015年春節檔國產電影在故事、角色、制作及審美方面滿足了大部分觀眾的觀看,在藝術性和娛樂性方面給予觀眾良好的體驗。
D.400余件珍貴陶瓷文物首次在陜西寶雞青銅器博物館公開展出,參觀者不僅能領略古代的商貿盛景和關中風情,更能了解到古人的禮樂文明和飲食禮儀。
5.依次填入下面一段文字橫線處的語句,銜接最恰當的一項是()
法國玩具通常是一種為讓成人控制兒童而制作的模仿玩具,________,________,________。________,________,________。因此兒童玩耍成人為他們準備的玩具的過程就是兒童的社會化準備過程,也就是他們的童年逐漸消失的過程。
①因為哪怕是最小的創造,都會讓他們擺脫成人的控制
②然而其終究只是某套規則的執行者
③這種玩具使兒童成為使用者,而不是創造者
④他們的幻想力在玩耍這種玩具的過程中被進一步消除
⑤成人為他們提供的玩具都是現成的⑥兒童在一種被創造好了的世界里玩得不亦樂乎
A.③①⑥②⑤④
B.⑤③①⑥②④
C.③⑤①⑥②④
D.①⑤⑥②③④
二、名句默寫
6.補寫出下列名篇名句的空缺部分。(只選3小題)
(1)清風徐來,水波不興。舉酒屬客,________________,__________________。(蘇軾《赤壁賦》)
(2)秦愛紛奢,人亦念其家。__________________,__________________?(杜牧《阿房宮賦》)
(3)謹庠序之教,__________________,__________________。(孟子《寡人之于國也》)
(4)亦欲以究天人之際,____________________,____________________。(司馬遷《報任安書》)
(5)江畔何人初見月,__________________。__________________,江月年年只相似。(張若虛《春江花月夜》)
三、語言運用——語句仿寫
7.請根據下面的例句,運用所給的話題再仿寫兩個句子,要求運用比喻的修辭方法,句式與例句相同。
[例句] 思鄉詩是舟中枕上的一鉤冷月,清冷而哀怨,鴻雁、殘星、客船、孤燈,愁緒滿懷。
邊塞詩是
送別詩是
8.仿照下面的例句,自選話題,另寫三句話,要求使用比喻的修辭方法,句式與例句相同。
[例句]
堅韌是大傘,助你抵擋挫折的風雨;
堅韌是暖陽,助你融化困難的寒冰;
堅韌是云梯,助你攻破失敗的堡壘。
答:
9.以“人生”為對象,依照例句續寫兩句話,要求與例句語意相近,結構相同。
如果把人生比作季節,那么,便會有寒暑往來,草榮草枯,花開花謝;
。
答案解析
1.D [A項“蒙”讀mēnɡ。B項“舴”讀zé。C項“旋”讀xuán。]
2.D [A項馳—弛。B項桿—稈。C項必—畢。]
3.B [A項“忍辱負重”指為了完成艱巨的任務,忍受屈辱,承擔重擔。用在此處不合語境。B項“人滿為患”指因人多造成了困難。C項“粗獷”指粗野、粗魯;粗豪、豪放。用來修飾“土地”不合適,此處應用“廣袤”。D項“往往”表示某種情況在一定條件下時常存在或經常發生。與后面的“只有……才……”的內容不吻合,此處應用“僅僅”。]
4.B [A項中途易轍。前兩句的主語是“快播科技有限公司”,最后一句的主語卻換成了“深圳市場監督管理局”,可在“深圳市場監督管理局”前加“被”。C項搭配不當,應將“觀看”改為“需求”。D項語序不當,應將“不僅”與“更”后面的內容互換。]
5.B [解答銜接題首先要考慮所選用句子與上下文銜接的問題。由橫線前的內容可知,填入的語句前一部分內容應該闡述的是這種玩具是“成人控制兒童”的;由橫線后面的內容可知,填入的語句后一部分內容應該闡述的是這種玩具會讓兒童的“童年逐漸消失”。再根據橫線處的標點符號可將題目中提供的六個句子分成兩組。③句中“這種玩具”照應⑤句中“為他們提供的玩具”,①句中“哪怕最小的創造”照應③句中“而不是創造者”,所以⑤③①應該連接在一起,排在前面。⑥句“不亦樂乎”與②句中“只是某套規則的執行者”形成轉折,④句中“他們的幻想力……被進一步消除”作進一步說明,所以⑥②④應該連接在一起,排在后面。]
6.(1)誦明月之詩 歌窈窕之章(2)奈何取之盡錙銖 用之如泥沙(3)申之以孝悌之義 頒白者不負戴于道路矣(4)通古今之變 成一家之言(5)江月何年初照人 人生代代無窮已
7.(示例)(邊塞詩是)大漠馬背上的一輪落日,壯闊而蒼涼,羌笛、孤煙、黃沙、胡馬,豪情滿懷。(送別詩是)古道邊耳畔的一曲長笛,憂傷而惆悵,夕陽、長亭、灞橋、楊柳,離情凄凄。
解析 仿寫時,句式上要一一對應,尤其要注意意象的羅列,內容上要分別與“邊塞”“送別”的主題吻合,并運用比喻修辭。
8.(示例)勤奮是甘霖,助你澆出豐收的碩果;勤奮是階梯,助你步入智慧的殿堂;勤奮是基石,助你壘就成功的大廈。
解析 仿寫時注意三點:一是自選的話題要與“堅韌”相似,屬抽象概念;二是比喻修辭的運用要貼切;三是句式上要用“……是……,助你……”。
9.(示例)如果把人生比作天空,那么,便會有陰晴變化,日出日落,云卷云舒 如果把人生比作大地,那么,便會有高低起伏,潮漲潮落,風驟風輕
解析 基本句式為“如果把人生比作……,那么,便會有……”;注意選擇恰當的喻體,與上文語意相近;仿句的句式應與例句一致。
第五篇:高三語文大一輪復習-第4練
一、語言基礎知識
1.下列詞語中,加點字的注音全都正確的一項是()
A.鯽魚(jì)
碑帖(tiě)
賑災款(zhèn)
戎馬倥傯(zǒnɡ)
B.對峙(zhì)
肯綮(qìnɡ)
甕中鱉(wènɡ)
按捺不住(nà)
C.應允(yīnɡ)
癖好(pǐ)
堰塞湖(sài)
虛與委蛇(yí)
D.怨懟(duì)
鞭撻(tà)
露馬腳(lù)
舐犢情深(shì)
2.下列各句中,沒有錯別字的一項是()
A.長江從青藏高原蜿蜒而來,在此同與其相伴而行、直線距離相隔不過數十千米的瀾滄江、怒江徹底分道揚鏢,然后再向東義無反顧直奔大海。
B.他曾自嘲“蜘蛛俠”,30米高的鐵塔、幾十斤的工具設備,攀巖一樣上去,夏天汗珠掉到角鋼上“吱”成一縷煙,冬天塔上吃一口飯灌一口風。
C.鐵匠鋪的風景很多,掄錘子的手臂,臂膀上凸起的肌肉,鐵夾子,燒得通紅的鐵家什,鐵錘以及沉穩的鐵砧,總覺得這一切適宜用板畫來表現。
D.各色人等輪翻網上狂奔,網絡上的奇聞人物、丑聞主角、緋聞男女,總之能弄出動靜,不把底線當回事的主兒,都能在網絡上狂奔甚至裸奔一氣。
3.下列各句中,加點的詞語運用正確的一項是()
A.觀影抒言,各談體會,一個再正常不過的文藝交流,如今卻裹挾了太多的不滿、辱罵和對抗,一種兼容并包的胸懷在開放的網絡世界似乎難覓形跡。
B.當你覺得自己是最大的受害者,所有的凄苦都集中在一人身上時,你可否知道,真正帶給你巨大痛苦的,常常不是發生的事情,而是你對事情的看法。
C.除維也納兒童合唱團、巴黎木十字兒童合唱團外,天使之翼合唱團是當今全球最受矚目的新起之秀,目前正以令人匪夷所思的速度席卷歐美各國。
D.這份調查報告對中國貧困農民的記錄是如此具體而微,具體到每一個家庭,再拆取出每一個人的一天、一年、一生,不惜筆墨,肌理寸寸分明。
4.下列各句中,沒有語病的一項是()
A.這次招聘,一半以上的應聘者曾多年擔任外資企業的中高層管理崗位,有較豐富的管理經驗。
B.我父親是建筑學家,許多人以為我母親后來進入建筑領域,是受我父親影響,其實不是這樣的。
C.熟悉他的人都知道,生活中的他不像在銀幕上那樣,是個性格開朗外向、不拘小節的人。
D.近年來,隨著房地產市場的發展和商品房價格的持續上漲,引起了有關部門的高度重視。
5.依次填入下面一段文字橫線處的語句,銜接最恰當的一項是()
人不可能永遠都保持好的情緒,生活中既然有挫折、煩惱,就會有消極情緒。________________因此,消極情緒出現時,不要壓抑它,而要通過如轉移注意的焦點、自我安慰、適當發泄等方法調節或控制它。
①這樣的人能讓自己每天生活在幸福和歡樂之中
②當它們積累到一定程度時,往往會以破壞性的方式爆發出來,給自己和他人造成傷害
③一個人在成長的過程中,也要慢慢學會調節和控制自己的情緒
④這并不是說要壓抑自己的消極情緒
⑤一個心理成熟的人,并不是沒有消極情緒,而是善于調節和控制自己的情緒
⑥心理學研究表明,“壓抑”并不能改變消極情緒,反而會使它在內心深處沉寂下來
A.③①④⑤⑥②
B.③④⑥②⑤①
C.⑤①③④⑥②
D.⑤④③①⑥②
二、名句默寫
6.補寫出下列名篇名句的空缺部分。(只選3小題)
(1)七十者衣帛食肉,____________________,然而不王者,____________________。(孟子《寡人之于國也》)
(2)________________,只是朱顏改。問君能有幾多愁?________________。(李煜《虞美人》)
(3)蓋文王拘而演《周易》;________________;屈原放逐,乃賦《離騷》;左丘失明,________________。(司馬遷《報任安書》)
(4)千古江山,________________,孫仲謀處。舞榭歌臺,風流總被,________________。(辛棄疾《永遇樂·京口北固亭懷古》)
(5)去來江口守空船,________________。夜深忽夢少年事,________________。(白居易《琵琶行》)
三、語言運用——語句的擴展
7.用下面的詞語寫一段描寫性文字,要求至少運用一種修辭方法。50字左右。
雨 草坪 愛 琴鍵
答:
8.以下面的句子為起始句,根據句意,對起始句進行具體闡釋(結合課本中學過的篇目),不少于80字。
翻開古往今來的詩詞,你可以一一品味作者們深切的思想情感。
9.根據所給句子,結合《巴黎圣母院》或《紅樓夢》中的人物形象,運用排比的手法,續寫一段話。
“美丑對照”是文學創作重要的原則,不少文學名著中都有所體現。
答案解析
1.B [A項“帖”讀tiè。C項“塞”讀sè。D項“露”讀lòu。]
2.B [A項鏢—鑣。C項板—版。D項翻—番。]
3.A [A項形跡:①舉動和神色;②痕跡,跡象;③指禮貌,如“不拘形跡”。此處取第二個義項。B項“常常”應為“往往”。“常常”表示事情的發生不止一次,而且時間相隔不久,不一定帶有規律性;“往往”表示根據以往的經驗,某種情況在一定條件下時常存在或經常發生,常帶有規律性或推論性。C項匪夷所思:事物怪異或人的言行離奇,不是一般人按照常理所能想象的。用于此處不合語境。D項具體而微:內容大體具備而形狀或規模較小。用于此處不合語境。]
4.B [A項搭配不當,“擔任”與“崗位”不搭配。“擔任”的往往是某種職務。C項表意不明,“是個性格開朗外向、不拘小節的人”,到底是他生活中的狀態還是銀幕上的形象,表述不清,可改為“生活中的他是個性格開朗外向、不拘小節的人,不像在銀幕上那樣”。D項成分殘缺,濫用介詞,從而湮沒主語,可去掉“隨著”。]
5.C [根據選項可知,③或⑤為橫線上的首句。橫線前的內容是說人有消極情緒,而③說的是學會調節和控制自己的情緒;⑤說的是一個心理成熟的人,也有消極情緒,故⑤應為首句。可排除A、B兩項。⑤中說“善于調節和控制自己的情緒”,①“讓自己每天生活在幸福和歡樂之中”與之聯系緊密。故選C項。]
6.(1)黎民不饑不寒 未之有也(2)雕闌玉砌應猶在 恰似一江春水向東流(3)仲尼厄而作《春秋》 厥有《國語》(4)英雄無覓 雨打風吹去(5)繞船月明江水寒
夢啼妝淚紅闌干
7.(示例)雨落在萋萋的草坪上,像是在鋼琴上彈奏著一首愛的圓舞曲,那白皙纖細的指尖溫柔卻有力地敲打在那一片綠色的琴鍵上。
解析 根據題干要求,首先要考慮以什么樣的意境將這幾個詞語合情合理地連綴起來。同時還要注意語言的生動和流暢,盡量使意境優美。
8.(示例)讀杜少陵、白居易,從“安得廣廈千萬間,大庇天下寒士俱歡顏”“安得萬里裘……穩暖皆如我”中,你懂得了什么是憂民情節;讀陸放翁、辛棄疾,從“塞上長城空自許,鏡中衰鬢已先斑”“了卻君王天下事,贏得生前身后名”中,你明白了什么是愛國情懷。李太白“安能摧眉折腰事權貴”的傲骨使你欽佩,蘇東坡“莫聽穿林打葉聲,何妨吟嘯且徐行”的豪放讓你嘆服,文天祥“人生自古誰無死,留取丹心照汗青”的忠心令你扼腕……讀著,品著,你已經和古人們融為一體,共同承擔了歷史賦予的神圣使命。
解析 具體闡釋的重點是“詩詞”“作者”“思想情感”,對這三方的搭配及分析要準確,不能出現錯誤。另外,續寫內容所體現的“思想情感”應是豐富的。
9.(示例一)《巴黎圣母院》中,愛斯梅拉達的美麗與卡西莫多的丑陋,愛斯梅拉達的善良與弗羅洛的狠毒,愛斯梅拉達的鐘情與弗比斯的輕薄,對比鮮明,彰顯了作者“美丑對照“的創作主張。
(示例二)王熙鳳貌美如花卻性格狠毒,薛寶釵性格大度卻精于世故,林黛玉志趣高雅卻心胸狹隘,一部《紅樓夢》表現出美與丑的突出對照。