第一篇：全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程2(第二版)UNIT3課后語句翻譯

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Professor Hawking thinks it important to keep everybody in touch with

what science is about.In this article he explains why.霍金教授認為使每個人都了解科學(xué)是干什么的非常重要。在這篇文章中，他對其中的緣由作了解釋。

Public Attitudes Toward Science

Stephen Hawking

1Whether we like it or not, the world we live in has changed a greatdeal in the last hundred years, and it is likely to change even more in

the next hundred.Some people would like to stop these changes and go backto what they see as a purer and simpler age.But as history shows, thepast was not that wonderful.It was not so bad for a privileged minority,though even they had to do without modern medicine, and childbirth washighly risky for women.But for the vast majority of the population, lifewas nasty, brutish, and short.公眾科學(xué)觀

斯蒂芬·霍金

無論我們是否愿意，我們生活的世界在過去一百年間已經(jīng)變化了許多，而且在未來的一百年里可能變化更多。有人想中止這種種變化，回到那個他們認為更純潔更樸素的時代。但正如歷史所表明的，過去并非那么美妙。過去對享有特權(quán)的少數(shù)人不算太糟，但即便他們也無從享受現(xiàn)代醫(yī)療，而生育對婦女來說風(fēng)險極大。對占人口大多數(shù)的民眾而言，生活是艱難、殘忍而又短暫的。

2Anyway, even if one wanted to, one couldn't put the clock back to anearlier age.Knowledge and techniques can't just be forgotten.Nor can oneprevent further advances in the future.Even if all government money forresearch were cut off(and the present government is doing its best), theforce of competition would still bring about advances in technology.Moreover, one cannot stop inquiring minds from thinking about basicscience, whether or not they are paid for it.The only way to prevent

further developments would be a global state that suppressed anything new,and human initiative and inventiveness are such that even this wouldn't

succeed.All it would do is slow down the rate of change.不管怎樣，即使有人想這么做，他也無法將時鐘撥回到早先的時代。知識與技術(shù)不可能說忘就忘了。也沒有人能阻止未來的進一步發(fā)展。即使所有用于研究的政府資金都被取消

（現(xiàn)政府最擅此事），競爭的力量仍將繼續(xù)帶來技術(shù)的發(fā)展。更何況，沒有人能阻止探究求索之士去思索基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)，無論他們是否會為此得到酬勞。惟一能阻止進一步發(fā)展的辦法或許是一個壓制任何新事物的全球政府，但人類的進取心與創(chuàng)造力如此旺盛，即便這個政府也不會成功。它所能做到的只是延緩變化的速度。

3If we accept that we cannot prevent science and technology fromchanging our world, we can at least try to ensure that the changes theymake are in the right directions.In a democratic society, this means thatthe public needs to have a basic understanding of science, so that it canmake informed decisions and not leave them in the hands of experts.At themoment, the public is in two minds about science.It has come to expectthe steady increase in the standard of living that new developments inscience and technology have brought to continue, but it also distrustsscience because it doesn't understand it.This distrust is evident in thecartoon figure of the mad scientist working in his laboratory to produce aFrankenstein.It is also an important element behind support for the Greenparties.But the public also has a great interest in science, particularlyastronomy, as is shown by the large audiences for television series suchas The Sky at Night and for science fiction.如果我們承認，我們無法阻止科學(xué)技術(shù)改變我們的世界，我們至少可以努力確保科技帶來的變化方向正確。在一個民主社會里，這意味著公眾需要對科學(xué)有一個基本的了解，從而可以作出明達的決定，而不是把決定留給專家去作。目前，公眾對科學(xué)存有矛盾之心。公眾期望科技新發(fā)展帶來的生活水準(zhǔn)的穩(wěn)定提高能繼續(xù)，但又懷疑科學(xué)，因為他們不懂科學(xué)。那個在實驗室里設(shè)法制造弗蘭肯斯泰因的瘋狂的科學(xué)家的卡通人物清楚地體現(xiàn)了公眾的這種懷疑。這也是人們之所以支持各種綠色組織的一個重要因素。但公眾同時也對科學(xué)深感興趣，尤其是對天文學(xué)，諸如《夜空》之類的電視連續(xù)劇觀眾不少以及科幻小說讀者甚多就是明證。

4What can be done to harness this interest and give the public thescientific background it needs to make informed decisions on subjects likeacid rain, the greenhouse effect, nuclear weapons, and genetic

engineering? Clearly, the basis must lie in what is taught in schools.Butin schools science is often presented in a dry and uninteresting manner.Children learn it by rote to pass examinations, and they don't see itsrelevance to the world around them.Moreover, science is often taught interms of equations.Although equations are a brief and accurate way ofdescribing mathematical ideas, they frighten most people.When I wrote apopular book recently, I was advised that each equation I included wouldhalve the sales.I included one equation, Einstein's famous equation,E=mc2.Maybe I would have sold twice as many copies without it.怎么樣才能利用這種興趣，向公眾提供所需要的科學(xué)知識，以便其在酸雨、溫室效應(yīng)、核武器以及基因工程等問題上作出明達的決定呢？顯然，必須把基礎(chǔ)建立在學(xué)校課程上。但在學(xué)校里，科學(xué)往往被教得枯燥乏味。孩子們死記硬背應(yīng)付考試，他們看不出科學(xué)與他們的周圍世界的聯(lián)系。更有甚者，科學(xué)常常是用公式來教的。雖然公式是闡述數(shù)學(xué)概念的一種簡單而精確的方式，它們卻使大多數(shù)人望而生畏。前不久我寫了一本通俗讀物，當(dāng)時有人告誡我說，我每使用一個公式就會使銷量減半。我只使用了一個公式，即愛因斯坦那個著名的公式，E=mc2。如果不用這個公式的話，也許我能多賣出一倍的書。

5Scientists and engineers tend to express their ideas in the form ofequations because they need to know the precise values of quantities.Butfor the rest of us, a qualitative grasp of scientific concepts is

sufficient, and this can be conveyed by words and diagrams, without theuse of equations.科學(xué)家和工程師傾向于用公式闡述觀點，因為他們需要知道量的精確值。但對我們其余的人來說，對科學(xué)概念有個質(zhì)的認識就已足夠，這可以用文字和圖表來表述，大可不必使用公式。

6The science people learn in school can provide the basic framework.But the rate of scientific progress is now so rapid that there are always

new developments that have occurred since one was at school or university.I never learned about molecular biology or transistors at school, but

genetic engineering and computers are two of the developments most likelyto change the way we live in the future.Popular books and magazinearticles about science can help to put across new developments, but eventhe most successful popular book is read by only a small proportion of the

population.Only television can reach a truly mass audience.There aresome very good science programmes on TV, but others present scientificwonders simply as magic, without explaining them or showing how they fitinto the framework of scientific ideas.Producers of television scienceprogrammes should realize that they have a responsibility to educate thepublic, not just entertain it.人們在學(xué)校學(xué)到的科學(xué)知識可以提供一個基本的框架。但如今科學(xué)進步的速度如此之快，一個人離開學(xué)校或大學(xué)后新的發(fā)展層出不窮。我在學(xué)校從未學(xué)過分子生物學(xué)或晶體管，但基因工程和計算機是極有可能改變我們未來生活的兩項發(fā)展。有關(guān)科學(xué)的通俗讀物和雜志文章能幫助人們了解新發(fā)展，但即使是最暢銷的科普讀物也只有一小部分人閱讀。只有電視能贏得真正廣大的觀眾。電視上有一些相當(dāng)優(yōu)秀的科學(xué)節(jié)目，但其他的節(jié)目把科學(xué)奇跡簡單地作為魔術(shù)播出，既不加以說明，也不展現(xiàn)它們與科學(xué)觀念的整體框架的關(guān)系。電視科學(xué)節(jié)目的制片人應(yīng)該認識到，他們負有教育民眾的重任，而不僅僅是為他們提供娛樂。

7The world today is filled with dangers, hence the sick joke that thereason we have not been contacted by an alien civilization is that

civilizations tend to destroy themselves when they reach our stage.But Ihave sufficient faith in the good sense of the public to believe that wemight prove this wrong.當(dāng)今世界充滿危險，因此就有了那個令人毛骨悚然的玩笑，說我們尚未受到外星文明造訪的原因在于：但凡文明發(fā)展到我們目前的程度，它們往往就自我毀滅了。然而我對公眾的明智充滿信心，因而相信，我們將證明這一說法是錯誤的。

第二篇：全新版大學(xué)英語第二版綜合教程2課后翻譯題

全新版大學(xué)英語第二版綜合教程2翻譯題

Unit1 1)背離傳統(tǒng)需要極大的勇氣。（departure，enormous）

It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition.2)湯姆過去很靦腆，但這次卻非常勇敢能在大庭廣眾面前上臺表演了。（performance，bold）Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give a performance in front of a large audience.3)很多教育家認為從小培養(yǎng)孩子的創(chuàng)新精神是很可取的。（creative，desirable）Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age.4)假設(shè)（assume）那幅畫確實是名作（masterpiece），你覺得值得購買嗎？（worthwhile）Assuming(that)this painting really is a masterpiece, do you think it’s worthwhile to buy/purchase it? 5)如果這些數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計是站得住腳的，那它將會幫助我們認識正在調(diào)查的問題。（throw light on，investigate，valid）

If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem we are investigating.Unit 2 1)該公司否認其捐款有商業(yè)目的。（deny，commercial）The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose.2)每當(dāng)他生氣的時候，他說話就有一點結(jié)巴。（stammer）Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammer slightly.3)教育是我們家庭最看重的傳統(tǒng)，這就是為什么我父母從不帶我到昂貴的飯店吃飯，卻送我到最好的私立學(xué)校上學(xué)。（cherish）

Education is the most cherished tradition in our family.That’s why my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the best private school.4)手術(shù)康復(fù)后不久，他失業(yè)了，因此經(jīng)歷了人生的又一個困難階段。（shortly after，go through）Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he lost his job and thus had to go through another difficult phase of his life.5)與我們的富裕鄰居相比，我們的父母就相當(dāng)窮了，但是他們總是努力滿足我們最起碼的需求。（affluent，minimal）

In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parents are rather poor, but they have always tried hard to meet our minimal needs.F Unit3 1)科學(xué)家們找到火星上有水的證據(jù)了嗎？（proof）Have scientists found proof of water on Mars? 2)計劃委員會已經(jīng)將建核電廠的可能地點縮小到了兩個沿海城鎮(zhèn)。（location，narrow down）The planning committee has narrowed down the possible locations for the nuclear power plant to two coastal towns.3)山姆不僅失去了工作，而且還失去了雙腿，他只好靠社會救濟度過余生。（welfare）Sam not only lost his job but also both legs;he had to live on welfare for the rest of his life.4)有十二人組成的陪審團（jury）一致表決認為瑪麗有罪（guilty）。（consist of，in unison）A jury consisting of 12 members voted in unison that Mary was guilty.5)聽到有人質(zhì)疑他的才能，肖恩覺得受了奇恥大辱。（talent，humiliate）Sean felt humiliated to hear his talent being questioned.Unit4 1)

研究表明，笑能夠帶來許多健康上的好處。（laughter）Research shows that laughter can bring a lot of health benefits.2)

互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接速度慢真讓人心煩。（connection，annoy）A slow Internet connection speed is really annoying.3)

法律規(guī)定，幫助他人自殺是犯罪。（suicide，crime）As the law stands, helping someone commit suicide is a crime.4)

瑪麗在她的報告中試圖從一個完全不同的角度來解釋這些數(shù)據(jù)。（interpret，angle，data）In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data from a completely different angle.5)

蘇是一個很有天份的女孩，她那驚人的記憶力使她在同班同學(xué)中顯得格外突出。（of great talent，set apart）

Sue is a girl of great talent.Her amazing memory sets her apart from her classmates.F Unit5 1)

是工人和主管人員的創(chuàng)造力和敬業(yè)精神將這個公司變成了一個盈利的企業(yè)。（it is … that，dedication）

It is the creativity and dedication of the workers and executives that turned the company into a profitable business.2)

食品和醫(yī)藥的價格在過去三個月里急劇增長。（soar）The prices of food and medicine have soared in the past three months 3)

我們打算重新粉刷這棟大樓的上面幾層樓。（upper）We plane to repaint the upper floors of the office building 4)

他的成功標(biāo)明流行與藝術(shù)價值有時候是一致的。（coincide）His success shows that popularity and artistic merit sometimes coincide 5)

我不愿意看見我所敬愛的祖母躺在醫(yī)院床上痛苦的呻吟。（groan）

I don’t want to see my beloved grandmother lying in a hospital bed and groaning painfully.Unit6 1)他這人話不多，但要說玩電腦那他就太機靈了，同學(xué)們都不是他的對手。（when it comes to）He is a man of few words, but it comes to playing computer games, he is too clever for his classmates.2)無知的孩子們可能認為這些動物很可愛并開始跟他們玩起來。（not know any better）Children who don’t know any better may think these animals are pretty cute and start playing with them.3)沒有辦法獲得貸款，所以，要購買新設(shè)備，我只得咬緊牙關(guān)，賣掉我的混合型動力汽車。（grit one’s teeth，hybrid）

There is no way to obtain a loan, so as to buy the new equipment, I’ll just have to grit my teeth and sell my hybrid car.4)如果獵人沒有看到一群象朝他的營地（campsite）走來，他就不會開槍。（a herd of）The hunter would not have fired the shots if he had not seen a herd of elephants coming towards his campsite.5)我覺得具有諷刺意外的是湯姆的記憶是有選擇性的，他好像不記得過去痛苦的經(jīng)歷，特別是那些由他自己造成的痛苦經(jīng)歷。（selective，ironic）

I find it ironic that Tom has a selective memory---he does not seem to remember painful experiences in the past, particular those of his own doing.F Unit7 1)自從新政策生效之后，很多小企業(yè)在這個城市涌現(xiàn)出來。（spring up）Many small businesses have sprung up in the city since the new policy went into effect.2)聽到這一消息后，她略微一笑，然后便又習(xí)慣性地皺起眉頭。（habitual）On hearing the news, she smiled briefly, and then returned to her habitual frown.3)他稍微停頓了一下以加強講話的效果，然后說，“我們可以通過新的渠道進入這些市場”。（for effect，channel）

He paused for effect, then said:” We can reach/ enter these markets through new channels.4)學(xué)校新添的音樂廳可以幫助它培養(yǎng)年輕的音樂天才（addition，nourish）The addition of a concert hall to the school will help it nourish young musical talents 5)我們必須首先建立一個主權(quán)國家，否則就無法保護我們的人身自由。（liberty，establish）We have no way to protect our personal liberties until we have established a sovereign state./ We can’t protect our personal liberties unless we, first of all, establish a sovereign state.Unit8 1)

這是一個繁榮的小鎮(zhèn)，但是在財富和充裕之中仍然存在著貧困。（prosperous，in the midst，abundance）

This is prosperous town, but there is still poverty in the midst of wealth and abundance.2)

布朗一家遭受了一個接一個的不幸，但是他們家的孩子們從來沒有抱怨。（misfortune，complain）

The Brown family was stricken with one misfortune after another, but their children never complained.3)

這個博物館的設(shè)計讓它與周圍的環(huán)境完全和諧。（in harmony with，surrounding）The museum is designed in such a way that it stands in perfect harmony with its surroundings.4)

這些花在火辣辣的太陽下一點都沒有枯萎，真是一個奇跡。（wither）It was a miracle that these flowers did not wither at all in the blazing sun.5)

一群群的羊在從冬天的積雪中冒出來的一片片的植被上吃著草。（flock，feed on，patch，vegetation）

Flocks of sheep feed on the patches of vegetation that rise above the winter snow.F

第三篇：全新版大學(xué)英語第二版綜合教程2課后句子翻譯

1、It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition.背離傳統(tǒng)需要…

2、Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give a performance in front of a large audience.湯姆過去很靦腆…

3、Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age.很多教育家認為…

4、Assuming this painting really is a masterpiece, do you think it’s worthwhile to buy it?假設(shè)那幅畫確實…

5、If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the executives that turned the company into a profitable business.是工人和主管

2、The prices of food and medicine have soared in the past three months.食品和醫(yī)藥的價格…

3、We plan to repaint the upper floors of the office building.我們打算…

4、His success shows that popularity and artistic merit sometimes coincide.他的成功表明…

5、I don’t want to see my beloved grandmother lying in a hospital bed and groaning painfully.我不愿意看見…

problem we are investigating.如果這些數(shù)據(jù)…

1、The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose.該公司否認…

2、Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammer slightly.每當(dāng)他生氣的時候…

3、Education is the most cherished tradition in our family.That’s why my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the best private school.教育是我們家庭…

4、Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he lost his job and thus had to go through another difficult phase of his life.手術(shù)康復(fù)后不久…

5、In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parents are rather poor, but they have always tried to meet our minimal needs.與我們的富裕…

1、Have scientists found proof of water on Mars?科學(xué)家們找到

2、The planning committee has narrowed down the possible locations for the nuclear power plant to two coastal towns.計劃委員會已經(jīng)…

3、Sam not only lost his job but also both legs;he had to live on welfare for the rest of his life.山姆不僅失去了…

4、A jury consisting of 12 members voted in unison that Mary was guilty.由十二人組成的…

5、Sean felt humiliated to hear his talent being questioned.聽到有人質(zhì)疑他…

1、Research shows that laughter can bring a lot of health benefits.研究表明…

2、A show Internet connection speed is really annoying.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接...3、As the law stands, helping someone commit suicide is a crime.法律規(guī)定…

4、In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data from a completely different angle.瑪麗在她的報告中…

5、Sue is a girl of great talent.Her amazing memory sets her apart from her classmates.蘇是一個很有天分…

1、It is the creativity and dedication of the workers and1、He is a man of few words, but when it comes to playing computer games, he is far too clever for his classmates.他這人話不多…

2、Children who don’t know any better may think these animals are pretty cute and start playing with them.無知的孩子們…

3、There is no way to obtain a loan, so to buy the new equipment, I’ll just have to grit my teeth and sell my hybrid car.沒有辦法獲得貸款…

4、The hunter would not have fired the shots if he had not seen a herd of elephants coming towards his campsite.如果獵人沒有看到...5、I find it ironic that Tom has a selective memory---he does not seem to remember painful experiences in the past, particularly those of his own doing.我覺得具有諷刺…

1、Many small businesses have sprung up in the city since the new policy went into effect.自從新政策生效之后…

2、On hearing the news, she smiled briefly, and then returned to her habitual frown.聽到這一消息后…

3、He paused for effect, then said: “We can reach/enter these markets through new channels.”他稍微停頓了…

4、The addition of a concert hall to the school will help it nourish young musical talents.學(xué)校新添的音樂廳…

5、We have no way to protect our personal liberties until we have established a sovereign state./ We can’t protect our personal liberties unless we, first of all, establish a sovereign state.我們必須首先建立…

1、This is a prosperous town, but there is still poverty in the midst of wealth and abundance.這是一個繁榮的…

2、The Brown family was stricken with one misfortune after another, but their children never complained.布朗一家遭受了

3、The museum is designed in such a way that it stands in perfect harmony with its surroundings.這個博物的設(shè)計…

4、It was a miracle that these flowers did not wither at all in the blazing sun.這些花在火辣辣…

5、Flocks of sheep feed on the patches of vegetation that rise above the winter snow.一群群的羊在…

第四篇：全新版大學(xué)英語(第二版)2綜合教程課后短文翻譯

1,To improve our English, it is critical to do more reading, writing, listening and speaking.Besides,learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important.Without an enormous store of good English writing in your head you cannot express yourself freely in English.It is also helpful to summarize our experience as we go along, for in so doing, we can figure out which way of learning is more effective and will produce the most desirable result.As long as we

keep working hard on it, we will in due course accomplish the task of mastering English.21)abrupt 2)emotional 3)bless4)wear and tear5)dated

6)consequences 7)seemingly 8)in contrast to9)Curiosity

10)genuine 11)primarily 12)sentiments ，,With more and more donations coming in, our university will be much better off financially next year.We will thus be able to focus on the most important task that we, educators, must take on: to encourage students to attain their scholarly/academic goals, to train them to be dependable and responsible individuals, to prepare them for the life ahead, and to guide them in their pursuit of spiritual as well as material satisfaction.,31)typical 2)dumb 3)junior 4)glorious 5)welfare

6)came over7)interference 8)fading9)narrowed down10)frank 11)schemes 12)at any rate

George, the son of Mr.Johnson, liked listening to heavy metal music in the evenings, which made it hard for other residents in the community to fall asleep.Eventually the exhausted neighbors lost their patience and decided on direct interference.They called Mr.Johnson to tell him in a frank manner what they were thinking.Mr.Johnson assured them that he would certainly settle the issue.As soon as he put down the phone he scolded his son, “What has come over you? You should know better than to disturb others for your own amusement.” In the end George traded his CD’s for computer games software from his classmates

41)conversely 2)but then3)symptom 4)spitting 5)abusing 6)tone 7)took;in8)editing9)have arranged

10)in sight11)stretched 12)data

Perhaps you envy me for being able to work from home on the computer.I agree that the Internet has made my job a lot easier.I can write, submit and edit articles via email, chat with my colleagues on line and discuss work with my boss.With a click of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the latest news.But then, communicating through the Net can be frustrating at times.The system may crash.Worse still, without the emotional cues of face-to-face communication, the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret

51)startled 2)mere 3)motion 4)sweating5)stretched out6)vain7)On the occasion8)anxiety 9)emotions 10)ashamed of11)In my mind’s eye12)recurring

Numerous facts bear out the argument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry.You needn’t/don’t have to be ashamed of crying.Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.Consider the case

of/Take Donna.Her son unfortunately died in a car accident.The intensity of the blow made her unable to cry.She said, “It was not until two weeks later that I began to cry.And then I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from my shoulders.It was the tears that brought me back to earth and helped me survive the crisis.”1)cultural/culture2)indication 3)miniature 4)ironic

5)stumbled into6)decent 7)buzzing 8)abnormal 9)mechanical 10)Shuddering11)implied 12)leap

Nancy Hopkins is a biology professor at MIT.She craves knowledge and works hard.However, as a scientist, she could not help noticing all kinds of indications of gender inequality on campus.Men and women professors did the same work, but when it came to promotion the administrators were rather selective.It was ironic that after so much cultural progress, women were still at a disadvantage in institution of higher education.When her request for more lab space was refused, she knew she had to fight.So she gritted her teeth and complained to the President.The fight ended in victory and Nancy was converted into a gender-equity advocate.

第五篇：全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程2(第二版)課后翻譯(中英文都有!)

全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程（第二版）綜合教程2 翻譯部分答案

Unit 1

背離傳統(tǒng)需要極大的勇氣。（departure，enormous）

It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition.湯姆過去就很靦腆，但這次卻非常勇敢在當(dāng)觀眾面前上臺表演了。(performance,bold)Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give a performance in front of a large audience.很多教育家認為從小培養(yǎng)孩子的創(chuàng)新精神是很可取的。(creative, desirable)Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age.假設(shè)那幅畫確實是名作，你覺得值得購買嗎？(Assuming that, worthwhile)Assuming that this painting is really a masterpiece, do you think it’s worthwhile to buy it?

如果這些數(shù)據(jù)在統(tǒng)計上是站得住腳的，那它將會幫助我們認識正在調(diào)查的問題。(throw light on, investigate, valid)If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem we are investigating.要提高我們的英語水平，關(guān)鍵是多讀、多寫、多聽、多說。另外，盡可能多背熟一些好文章也十分重要。若果你的腦子里沒有存儲大量好的英語文章，你就不能用英語自由的表達自己的思想。一邊學(xué)一邊總結(jié)經(jīng)驗也很有幫助，因為這樣做，我們就能搞明白哪種學(xué)習(xí)方法是更有效的，能夠產(chǎn)生最理想的效果。只要我們堅持努力學(xué)習(xí)，到時候我們就會完成掌握英語的任務(wù)。

To improve our English, it is critical to do more reading, writing, listening and speaking.Besides, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important.Without an enormous store of good English writing in your head you cannot express yourself freely in English.It is also helpful to summarize our experience as we go along, for in so doing, we can figure out which way of learning is more effective and will produce the most desirable result.As long as we keep working hard on it, we will in due course accomplish the task of mastering English.Unit 2

該公司否認其捐款具有商業(yè)目的。(deny, commercial)The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose.每當(dāng)他生氣的時候，他說話就有一點結(jié)巴。(stammer)Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammer slightly.教育是我們家庭最看重的傳統(tǒng)，這就是為什么我父母不帶我到昂貴的飯店吃飯，卻把我送到最好的私立學(xué)校上學(xué)。(cherish)Education is the most cherished tradition in our family.That’s why my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the best private school.手術(shù)康復(fù)不久，他失業(yè)了，因此經(jīng)歷了人生的又一個困難階段。(shortly after, go through)Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he lost his job and thus had to go through another difficult phase of his life.與我們的富貴鄰居相比，我們的父母就相當(dāng)窮了，但是他們總是努力滿足我們最起碼的需求。(affluent, minimal)In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parents are rather poor, but they have always tried to meet our minimal needs.隨著捐款源源不斷的進來，我校明年的財務(wù)狀況會好多了。這樣我們就能集中應(yīng)對我們作為教育工作者必須承擔(dān)的最重要的任務(wù)：鼓勵學(xué)生實現(xiàn)他們的學(xué)業(yè)目標(biāo)，培養(yǎng)讓們成為有責(zé)任感、靠得住的人，使他們對將來的生活有所準(zhǔn)備，并在他們追求物質(zhì)及精神滿足的過程中給予引導(dǎo)。

With more and more donations coming in, our university will be much better financially next year.We will thus be able to focus on the most important task that we, educators, must take on: to encourage students to attain their academic goals, to train them to be dependable and responsible individuals, to prepare them for the life ahead, and to guide them in their pursuit of spiritual as well as material satisfaction.Unit 3

科學(xué)家們找到火星上有水的證據(jù)了嗎？(proof)Have scientists found the proof of water on Mars?

計劃委員會已經(jīng)將建核電廠的可能地點縮小到了兩個沿海城鎮(zhèn)。(location, narrow down)The planning committee has narrowed down the possible locations for the nuclear power plant to twocoastal towns.山姆不僅失去了工作，而且還是去了雙腿，他只好靠社會救濟度過余生。(welfare)Sam not only lost his job but also both legs;he had to live on welfare for the rest of his life.由十二人組成的陪審團一致表決認為瑪麗有罪。(consists of, in unison)A jury consisting of 12 members voted in unison that Mary was guilty.聽到有人質(zhì)疑他的才能，肖恩覺得受了奇恥大辱。(talent, humiliate)Sean felt humiliated to hear his talent being questioned.約翰遜先生的兒子喬治愛在晚上聽重金屬音樂，這使社區(qū)的其他居民無法入眠。疲憊不堪的領(lǐng)居們終于失去了耐心，決定直接干預(yù)。他們打電話給約翰遜先生，坦率地把想法告訴了他。約翰遜先生向鄰居保證他一定會解決這個問題。放下電話他便去訓(xùn)斥兒子：“你這是怎么了？你該懂得不能為了你自己的娛樂而妨礙別人。”結(jié)果喬治拿CD跟同學(xué)換了電腦游戲軟件。

George, the son of Mr.Johnson, liked listening to heavy metal music in the evenings, which made it hard for other residents in the community to fall asleep.Eventually the exhausted neighbors lost their patience and decided on direct interference.They called Mr.Johnson to tell him frankly what they were thinking.Mr.Johnson assured them that he would certainly settle the issue.As soon as he put down the phone he scolded his son, “What has come over you? You should know better than to disturb others for your own amusement.” In the end George traded his CD’s for computer games software from his classmates.Unit 4

研究表明，笑能夠帶來許多健康上的好處。(laughter)Research shows that laughter can bring a lot of health benefits.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接速度慢真讓人心煩。(connection, annoy)A slow Internet connection speed is really annoying.法律規(guī)定，幫助他人自殺是犯罪。(suicide, crime)As the law stands, helping someonecommit suicide is a crime.瑪麗在她的報告中試圖從一個完全不同的角度來解釋這些數(shù)據(jù)。(interpret, angle, data)In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data from a completely different angle.蘇是一個很有天分的女孩。她那驚人的記憶力使她在同班同學(xué)中顯得格外突出。(of great talent, set apart)Sue is a girl of great talent.Her amazing memory sets her apart from her classmates.也許你羨慕我，因為我可以借助計算機在家里工作。我也這么想，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是我的工作方便多了。我可以通過電子郵件撰寫、編輯并交出我的文章，在網(wǎng)上與我的同事聊天，與老板談?wù)摴ぷ鳌Ｎ矣檬髽?biāo)一擊，馬上就能拿到我要的一切資料，獲得最新的消息。可是，另一方面，用網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信有時也令人沮喪。系統(tǒng)可能癱瘓。更糟的是，因為沒有面對面交談的情感提示，鍵出的詞有時候似乎很難理解。

Perhaps you envy me for being able to work from home on the computer.So am I, because the Internet has made my job a lot easier.I can write, edit and submit articles via email, chat with my colleagues online and discuss work with my boss.With a click of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the latest news.But then, communicating through the net can be frustrating at times.The system may crash.Worse still, without the emotional cues of face-to-face communication, the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret.Unit 5

是工人和主管人員的創(chuàng)造力和敬業(yè)精神將這個公司變成了一個盈利的企業(yè)。(it is......that, dedication)It is the creativity and dedication of the workers and executives that turned the company into a profitable business.食品和醫(yī)藥的價格在過去三個月里急劇增長。(soar)The prices of food and medicine have soared in the past three months.我們打算重新粉刷這幢辦公大樓的上面幾層樓。(upper)We plan to repaint the upper floors of the office building.他的成功表明流行與藝術(shù)價值有時候是一致的。(coincide)His success shows that sometimes popularity and artistic merit coincide.His success shows that popularity sometimes coincides with the artistic merit.我不愿意看見我所敬愛的祖母躺在醫(yī)院的床上痛苦的呻吟。(groan)I don’t want to see my beloved grandmother lying in a hospital bed and groaning painfully.眾多事實證實這一說法：要想讓自己很快從低落的情緒中解脫出來，你得讓自己哭。你不必為“哭”而感到羞愧。憂慮和悲傷能隨同眼淚一起流出身體。

看一看唐納的例子吧。她的孩子在一次車禍中不幸喪生。這次打擊之大使她欲哭無淚。她說：“直到兩個星期后的一天，我才開始放聲痛苦。然后，我便覺得好像一塊大石頭從我的肩上抬走了。是眼淚將我?guī)Щ氐搅爽F(xiàn)實之中，幫助我度過危機。”

Numerous facts bear out the claim that to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry.You needn’tbe ashamed of crying.Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.Consider the case of Donna.Her son unfortunately died in a car accident.The intensity(強烈)of the blow made her unable to cry.She said, “It was not until two weeks later that I began to cry.And then I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from my shoulders.It was the tears that brought me back to earth and helped me survive the crisis.”

Unit 6

他這人話不多，但要說玩電腦那他就太機靈了，同學(xué)們都不是他的對手。(when it comes to)He is a man of few words, but when it comes to playing computer games, he is far too clever for his classmates.無知的孩子們可能認為這些動物很可愛并開始跟他們玩起來。(not know any better)Children who don’t know any better may think these animals are pretty cute and start playing with them.沒有辦法獲得貸款，所以，要購買新設(shè)備，我只得咬緊牙關(guān)，賣掉我的混合型動力汽車。(grit one’s teeth, hybrid)There is no way to obtain a loan, so to buy the new equipment, I’ll just have to grit my teeth and sell my hybrid car.如果獵人沒有看到一群象朝他的營地走來，他就不會開槍。(a herd of)The hunter would not have fired the shots if he had not seen a herd of elephants coming towards his campsite.我覺得具有諷刺意味的是湯姆的記憶是有選擇性的，他好像不記得過去痛苦的經(jīng)歷，特別是那些由他自己造成的痛苦經(jīng)歷。(selective, ironic)I find it ironic that Tom has a selective memory---he does not seem to remember painful experiences in the past, particularly those of his own doing.南溪霍普金斯是麻省理工學(xué)院的生物學(xué)教授。她渴望知識，努力工作。然而，作為一名科學(xué)家，她不得不注意到校園里的男女不平等的各種表現(xiàn)。男女教授同樣的工作，但是到提升的時候，行政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)卻很有選擇性。具有諷刺意味的是在取得這么多的文化進步以后，婦女在高等學(xué)府仍然處于不利的地位。當(dāng)她增加實驗室面積的請求被拒之后，她知道她必須起來抗?fàn)帯Ｒ虼怂Ьo牙關(guān)向校長申訴。這次抗?fàn)幰詣倮娼K，南希也因此變成了男女平等的倡導(dǎo)者。Nancy Hopkins is a biology professor at MIT.She craves knowledge and works hard.However, as a scientist, she could not help noticing all kinds of indications of gender inequality on campus.Men and women professors did the same work, but when it came to promotion the administrators were rather selective.It was ironic that after so much cultural progress, women were still at a disadvantage in institution of higher education.When her request for more lab space was refused, she knew she had to fight.So she gritted her teeth and complained to the President.The fight ended in victory and Nancy was converted into a gender-equity advocate.Unit 7

自從新政策生效之后，很多小企業(yè)在這個城市涌現(xiàn)出來。(spring up)Many small businesses have sprung up in the city since the new policy went into effect.聽到這一消息后，他略微一笑，然后又習(xí)慣性地皺起眉頭。(habitual)On hearing the news, she smiled briefly, and then returned to her habitual frown.他稍微停頓一下以加強講話的效果，然后說，“我們可以通過新的渠道進入市場。” He paused for effect, then said: “We can enter these markets through new channels.”

學(xué)校新添的音樂廳可以幫助它培養(yǎng)年輕的音樂人才。(addition, nourish)The addition of a concert hall to the school will help it nourish young musical talents.我們必須首先建立一個主權(quán)國家，否則就無法保護我們的人身自由。(liberty, establish)We can’t protect our personal liberties unless we, first of all, establish a sovereign state.雖然英語是如何產(chǎn)生的對許多人來說還是個謎，語言學(xué)家認為它和很多歐洲語言來自同一個源頭，即印歐母語。英語最初是在公元五世紀(jì)入侵英格蘭的盎格魯撒克遜人使用的。他們將英語的基本詞匯傳給了我們。在十五個多世紀(jì)的發(fā)展中，英語通過大量借用豐富了自己。隨著英國移民登陸美洲并建立了獨立的美利堅合眾國，英語又增添了一個新的變種：美語。雖然有人擔(dān)憂英語的發(fā)展失控了，但大多數(shù)以英語為母語的人對他們語言的寬容性感到自豪。

Though how the English language came into existence remains a mystery to many people, linguists believe that English and most other European languages have descended from a common source: the Indo-European parent language.English was first spoken by the Anglo-Saxons who invaded England in the fifth century.They passed onto us the basic vocabulary of English.In over fifteen centuries of its development, English has enriched itself by massive borrowing.As British immigrants landed in America and established the United States as an independent nation, a new variety was added to the English language: American English.Though some people worry that the language is running out of control, many native speakers of English take pride in the tolerance of their language.Unit 8

這是一個繁榮的小鎮(zhèn)，但是在財富和充裕之中仍然存在著貧困。(prosperous, in the midst, abundance)This is a prosperous town, but there is still poverty in the midst of wealth and abundance.布朗一家遭受了一個接一個的不幸，但是他們家的孩子們從來沒有抱怨。(misfortune, complain)The Brown family was stricken with one misfortune after another, but their children never complained.這個博物館的設(shè)計讓它與周圍的環(huán)境完全和諧。(in harmony with, surroundings)The museum is designed in such a way that it stands in perfect harmony with its surroundings.這些花在火辣辣的太陽下一點度沒有枯萎，這是一個奇跡。(wither)It was a miracle that these flowers did not wither at all in the blazing sun.一群群的羊在冬天的積雪中冒出來的一片片植被上面吃著草。(flock, feed on, vegetation)1)Flocks of sheep feed on the patches of vegetation that rise above the winter snow.1.這個村莊曾因其優(yōu)美的自然環(huán)境而聞名于世，這里終年樹木長青，鮮花盛開。清澈的溪水從山間流出，穿過棋盤版的水稻田。鳥兒整天在歌唱，鹿悠閑地來來往往。然而，在使用DDT和其他殺蟲劑后，這個村莊像是中了什么邪。災(zāi)難接踵而來。雞突然死去；牛羊得了怪病；農(nóng)場主抱怨說有種惡心的感覺，使村里的醫(yī)生感到莫名其妙。曾經(jīng)是生機勃勃的村廣場，現(xiàn)在變得空蕩蕩。

This village was once famous for its beautiful natural surroundings.All the year round, the trees were green and the flowers in bloom.Clear streams flowed out of the hills through a checkerboard of rice fields.Birds sang all day, and deer came and went in a leisurely manner.However, with the coming of DDT and other pesticides, an evil spell seemed to have settled over the village.Misfortunes came one after another.Chicken died suddenly, cattle and sheep were stricken by mysterious maladies, and farmers complained about a sickening feeling that puzzled the village doctor.The village square, once throbbing with life, was now deserted.