第一篇：英語專業詞匯總結

1.Morpheme：The smallest unit in terms of relationship between expression and content, a unit which can not be divided without altering or destroying the meaning whether it is lexical or grammatical.2.Types of Morphemes

1)Free Morphemes(Free form)bed, tree, sing, dance

one that may constitute a word(free form)by itself or it can be used on its own.2)Bound Morphemes(Bound Form)-s, dogsdis-,disclosedistempered One that may appear with at least one other morpheme, i.e.it is never used alone but must be used with another morpheme.3)Root(Base Form)

free root morphemeblack blackbirdbound root morpheme-ceive receive

4)Affix is collective term for the type of formative that can be used only when added to another morpheme.functions of affixes:inflectionalderivational

inflectional affixes(曲折詞綴): they are affixes attached to the end of words to indicate grammatical relations.Starssmallerwalking

derivational affixes: they are affixes added to other morphemes to create new words.-in sit-in-shiphorsemanship

3.Derivation is defined as the formation of words by adding affixes to roots or by combining two bound roots。

4.Compounding is defined as the formation of new words by joining two or more stems.1)Semantic featuresa greenhousea greenrooma greenhorn

2)Grammatical featuresv.+ ncall boyn.+ pphome madea.+ ppnew-born

3)Phonetic features

compounda `grand pianoa `black birda `hot house

Free phrasea grand `pianoa black `birda hot `house

4)Orthographic featuressilkwormhoneybeeopen

6.Backformation is an abnormal type of word-formation where a shorter word is coined by deleting an imagined affix, an already existing longer word in the vocabulary.Beggarbeg

1)A noun of a person who does sth.is back formed to a verb showing action.Burglarburgletypewritertypewritehousekeeper

2)Abstract nouns are back formed to a verb.Diagnosisdiagnoseemotionemoteair-conditionerair-condition

3)Adverbs are back formed to a verb.sidlingsidledarklingdarklegrovelinggrovel

4)Adjectives are back formed to a verb by getting rid of y.Greedygreedlazylazeto speed-readspeed-reading

8.Conversion is the formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class.full conversionpartial conversion

(1)Words fully converted from adjective

common adjectives: a whitea nativefinalsdrinkables

participles and others: a givena drunkyoung marriedsnewly-weds

(2)Words partially convertedthe poorthe youngthe more affluent

1）有不定冠詞 indefinite article和“+S”復數 plural，（2）有定冠詞 definite article，通常指一類人 kind of people

9.Blending is the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another word.1)head + tailautocidemotelTransistor2)head + headAmerindsitcom

3)head + wordmedicareautocamp4)word + tailworkfarenewscast10.Clipping : The way of makinga word, i.e.to shorten a longer word by cutting a part off the original and using what remains insteadomnibusbus

11.Acronymy is the process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of social and political organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms.1)Initialisms are words pronounced letter by letter

A.D.Anno DominiB.C.Before ChristLALos Angles

Types of initialisms ：①Letters represent full words: VIPVery Important Person ②Letters represent constituents in a compound or just parts of a wordTVDJ2)Acronyms are words formed from initial letters but pronounced as a normal word.V-DayVictory DayNATOthe North Atlantic Treaty Organization

12.Reduplication is a minor process of word-formation by which a compound word is created by the repetition.13.Words from Proper Names :The transition from proper names to common words is a gradual one.They come from all sources, from names ofscientists, politicians and statesman to trademarks, and place names.Some have originated from characters in literature, TV films and movies, but some also come from book titles.14.Conventionality refers to the arbitrariness between a sound and meaning.Motivation refers to the connection between a word and its meaning.15.Grammatical Meaning consists of word-class and inflectional paradigm and is the same in identical sets of individual forms of different words.Part of speech of wordsSingular and plural meaning of nounsTense meaning of verbs and their inflectional form

Lexical Meaning is the component of meaning proper to the word as a lexical item.16.Conceptual meaning ：denotative meaningis its definition given in a dictionary.It is that aspect of lexical meaning which makes communication possible.17.Connotation meaning refers to the emotion association which a word or a phrase suggests in one?s mind;it is the supplementary value which is added to the purely denotative meaning of a word.18.Associative meaning: the secondary meaning supplemented to the conceptual meaning

19.Affective meaning is concerned with the expression of feeling and attitudes of the speaker or writer.20.Collocative meaning consists of the associations a word requires in its collocation

21.SynonymySynonyms can be defined as words different in sound and spelling but most nearly alike or exactly the same in meaning.1)Borrowingmingling of Latin, French and native elementscouplets and tripletsNativeroomfoehelpForeignchamberenemyaid

2)Dialects and regional English

Br.EliftlawyerAm.Eelevatorattorney

3)Figurative and euphemistic use of words

occupationwalk of life(fig.)dreamerstar-gazer(fig.)

drunkelevated(euph.)liedistort the fact(euph.)

4)Coincidence with idiomatic expressions

wingain the upper handdecidemake up one?s mindfinishget throughhesitatebe in two minds

helplend one a hand

denotationconnotationapplication

1)Difference in denotation(外延)differ in the range and intensity of meaning timid: the state of mind in which a person may happen to be at the moment, and the habitual dispositiontimorous: disposition

comprehend /understandrich / wealthywork / toil sentences

2)Difference in connotation(內涵意義)stylistic and emotive coloring of wordsanswer / respondhandy / manualhandy / manual

3)Difference in applicationcollocations & sentence patterns

allow / letanswer / replylump, slice, chunk, sheet, cake

a lump of sugar,a slice of meat,a chunk of wood,a sheet of paper,a cake of soap

24.Antonyms are words which are opposite in meaning

25.Homonymy is generally defined as words different in meaning but either identical both in sound and spelling or identical only in sound or spelling

26.Hyponymy deals with the relationship of semantic inclusion.i.e.the meaning of a more specific word is included in that of another more general word.大題：

1．Blending：four major groups:

1）head + tail Autocide= automobile + suicide,Motel =motor + hotel Slurb=slum + suburb

2）.head + head sitcom=situation + comedy； Comsat =communications + satellite;telex =teleprinter + exchange

3）.head + word Medicare = medical + care;Eurasia =Europe + Asia

4).word+tailBookmobile=book+automobile;Workfare=work + welfare）.(indefinite article)Common adjectives:A white，a liberal，Finals Participles and others:A given，a drunk 酒鬼(2)definite article the rich，the young

3.Characteristics of Compound

1).Semantic features :A greenhouse/a greenroom/a greenhorn2).Grammatical features:Call boy/cut-throatv.+ n.;Home made/book-learnedn.+ pp.3).Phonetic語音 features: eg.Compound/Free phrase

A ?grand piano/a grand ?piano;A ?black bird/a black ?bird

4).Orthographic 拼寫features

Silkworm/honeybee/solid/tear gas/easy chair/open

i)brrowing: mingling of Latin,French and native element.eg.room/chamber;help/aid;leave/depart.(native/foreign)

2)dialects and regional English.EG.lift/elevator;lawyer/attotney;pavement/sidewalk;chemist/druggist.3)figurative and euphemistic use of words:occupation/walk of life(fig.);dreamer/stargazer（fig）

4）coincidence with idiomatic expressions。Win/gain the upper hand;decide/make one?s mind;hesitate/be in two minds.5.discrimination of synonyms:

discrimination of synonyms.3

1)difference in denotation(differ in the range and intensity of meaning)timid/timorous.timid: the state of mind in which a person may happen to be at the moment, and the habitual disposition.timorous: disposition.2)connotation: stylistic and emotive coloring of words.eg.answer /respond, unlike/dissimilar, storm/tempest.3)application : collocations and sentence patterns.Eg.allow/let, answer/reply, sense/meaning, empty /vacant.

第二篇：英語專業論文答辯開場詞

英語專業畢業論文答辯之自我陳述

（一）來源： 葉敏英的日志Good morning, all appraiser committee members.I am **** and my supervisor is ***.With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper.Now, it is the show time.I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.The title of my paper is On Transformation of Parts of Speech in Translation.I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons.Different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech.Each language has its own special structure.And there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages.In order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators.So the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in English to Chinese based on different characteristics of English and Chinese.For the above facts, I select the subject of“On Transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my paper.I hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in English to Chinese translation.Through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation skills.The way of thinking and expressing is quite different between Chinese and English.English is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns.While Chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often used.So when we make translation in English to Chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of speech.Next, it is an outline of my paper.In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.Part one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and transformation.Part two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of translation.Part three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples.There are transformed English words into Chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs.Part four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the problems.Part five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation.It is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and im

prove the translation.In addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation practices.OK!That is all.Thank you!Please ask questions.

第三篇：結 婚 賀 詞

結 婚 賀 詞

各位來賓、各位朋友，女士們、先生們：

大家中午好！

今天是2012年5月1日星期二，我們大家迎來了紅五月第一個至尊至貴的日子；今天是一個龍鳳呈祥，琴瑟合鳴的好日子；今天也是貌美如花的玉女陳和英俊瀟灑的童男，兩位新人結婚大喜的日子；也是我們在座的親朋好友們，熱情盼望的幸福時刻！

我想應該感謝陳世滿先生和夫人女士，是你們用大量的時間和心血陪伴女兒陳一起成長，使她出落成為一個大方、大氣、開朗、健康、可愛的女孩兒，使你們的家庭有幸得到這樣一個天使般的孩子。過去嫁女兒時，父母會哭泣，今天我想請你們開懷大笑，因為我將努力讓你們看到陳即將開始的另一段人生是多么豐富而快樂。

俗話說：男大當婚，女大當嫁。這是天經地義、順理成章的人生成長的規律和必須經歷的過程。在這良辰美景到來的重要時刻，我作為親戚朋友的代表，致以忠心誠意的祝福：祝愿兩位新人幸福美滿、白頭偕老，相濡以沫、舉眉齊案。祝愿他倆一生快樂、二龍吸珠、三陽開泰、四季平安、五福臨門、六六大順、七星高照、八方來財、九五至尊、十全十美、百年好合、千古不變、萬世流芳。

祝愿他倆結婚以后相親相愛、相互尊重；孝敬父母、以德治家；優生優育，早生貴子。

希望他倆婚后按既定目標行事、做事、辦事，遵紀守法，不闖紅燈；嚴格要求，認真學習；開拓進取，與時俱進；干好工作，過好日子！

最后，祝愿陳世滿先生全家及親朋好友生活越過越火紅，路越走越寬，一順百順，心想事成，日進斗金，財源滾，身輕氣爽，吉祥安康！

謝謝大家！

第四篇：結營詞2

尊敬的家長，親愛的同學，大家好！

感謝各位家長在百忙之中，抽出寶貴的時間來參加“親近母語中國歷史文化冬令營”的結營典禮！

5天的冬令營生活即將畫上圓滿的句號，雖然有不舍，但看到各位小營員的進步，心里也特別的高興。我們團隊的老師們和小營員們：探索歷史社會，閱讀歷史名著，傳承民族文化，尋訪歷史遺跡，經典詩文誦讀，歷史智慧講座，結營生活體驗，帶領小營員們走進獨一無二的“穿越歷史”之旅。5天不長也不短，在這短短的5天里，暫時離開父母，同住，同吃，同玩，同讀！大家學會了獨立、信任、分享、相助！

2月8號上午，冬令營開營的那天，老師和小營員們的自我介紹以及一起做“你比我猜”游戲的場景，還浮現在眼前??從那天起我們所有的老師，心中都只有一個信念，那就是，必須要照顧好每個孩子、必須要盡心盡力地做好每一份工作、一定不能辜負家長對我們的信任與支持。

經過幾天的磨合，營員在我們各位老師的努力下，很快地融入到了這個大家庭中，孩子們慢慢地有了很強的集體榮譽感，能夠很好地遵守營規，在各項活動中積極踴躍，得到了老師們的一致肯定與表揚。老師和孩子們也成了朋友。

在這段日子里，我們分享歷史故事，品論歷史人物，一起重返風云變幻的年代！我們每日以名篇誦讀開啟孩子的歷史之門，與名著同“呼”共“吸”，給孩子飽滿的精神狀態，激發孩子一天的學習興趣。我們還組織小營員們參加蹴鞠、投壺、斗草等傳統游戲，和打沙包、跳長繩等常見的傳統游戲，大家一較高下。道歷史、論英雄，說一段快板詞，傳統曲藝，魅力不減！我編劇，你演戲，他伴奏，大家合演一臺戲！我們精選優秀的歷史題材影視作品，同時奉上一堂妙趣橫生的電影課，讓孩子們擁有逼真的歷史體驗！

每一幅畫面都深深地印在我的腦海中，孩子們清澈的眼神、甜蜜的微笑都將成為我記憶中的永遠。

為期5天的冬令營給了我們和營員們學習和成長的機會，給大家留下了一生中最美好的回憶，我們一起玩過、笑過、拼搏過，當然，我們也學習不少知識。就是在這里，我見證了同學們的點滴成長和變化。在這里的每一天，我和孩子們都會有新的成長與收獲。

最后，我要衷心地感謝家長對我們的信任與支持；感謝冬令營令營的每一位老師，感謝每一個孩子，感謝每一個我們一起走過的日子，讓我們一起記住這5天，它將會是我們生命中永遠最美好的回憶。

謝謝！

第五篇：結 婚 祝 詞

結 婚 祝 詞

尊敬的各位來賓，大家好！

剛才涂部長為新婚夫婦送去了熱情洋溢的祝福。很有幸，今天，我能代表市公安局和全體民警向陳飛虎同志和聶慧女士表達新婚祝福，祝愿你倆海枯石爛不變心、地闊天高比翼飛，相扶到老、長長久久。

陳飛虎同志是我單位的一名業務技能過硬、表現突出的特警隊員，在09年，他為了一個大家今天都知道的目標，毅然參加全省第一批政法干警招錄考試，而今天的新娘聶慧女士更是美麗優秀，作為市政府宣傳部的骨干，工作出色，巾幗不讓須眉。“十年修得同船度，百年修得共枕眠”，從相識相知、相戀、相惜到相愛，兩位志同道合的青年才俊終于走在一起，步入新婚的殿堂。

在此，希望陳飛虎同志珍惜這來之不易的幸福，繼續發揚特警特別能吃苦、特警能戰斗、特別守紀律的特警精神，一是要把新娘捧在心上。陳飛虎同志不僅要服務好人民，更要服務好聶慧女士；二是要把新娘記在心里。不但時刻記住國家和人民群眾，更要時時把新娘記在心里；三是要愛護好新娘。作為一名人民衛士的特警，要像愛護人民群眾一樣愛護溫柔漂亮的新娘。希望新娘對我們陳飛虎同志要充分信任，把照顧你這樣崇高的任務交給他，我們都相信，他會用一生去圓滿完成任務，你們的結合也必定是工作上文武相濟，感情上珠聯璧合，同心同德、幸福美滿一生。

謝謝！

結 婚 祝 詞

各位來賓、各位領導、女士們、先生們：

你們好！

剛才涂部長為新婚夫婦送去了熱情洋溢的祝福。今天很有幸，我代表新郎單位講幾句話祝福的話，祝愿你倆海枯石爛不變心、地闊天高比翼飛，相扶到老、長長久久。

據了解，新郎陳飛虎先生思想進步、工作積極、勤奮好學、儀表堂堂是有目共睹的。就是這位出類拔萃的小伙，在09年，新郎為了愛放棄了十堰十分優越的工作，為了一個大家今天都知道的目標，毅然參加全省第一批政法干警招錄考試，而新娘聶慧女士更是美麗優秀，作為市政府宣傳部的骨干，工作出色，巾幗不讓須眉。“十年修得同船度，百年修得共枕眠”，從相識相知、相戀、相惜到相愛，兩位志同道合的青年才俊終于走在一起，步入新婚的殿堂。

在此，我代表市公安局衷心地祝福你們愛河永流，將愛情進行到底!婚姻既是愛情的結果，又是愛情和生活的開始，是相伴一生的約定，更是一種相互的責任。希望你們在工作上相互鼓勵，在學習上相互幫，在事業上齊頭并進，在生活上相互關心；在困難上同舟共濟，共度難關，在矛盾上多理解少爭吵，多冷靜燒猜疑。新郎要愛老婆如愛自己，但不要演變成怕老婆;新娘要孝敬公婆，相夫教子。

最后，再次祝福新郎新娘，你們要把戀愛時的浪漫和激情，延續到今后的婚姻和生活中去，一直保留到永遠，永結同心。

謝謝！