第一篇:民航專業(yè)英語
《民航專業(yè)英語》課程教學大綱
執(zhí)筆人:黃慧
審核人:林彥
編撰日期:2009年8月
一、適用對象
本大綱適用于高職高專三年制空乘英語專業(yè)第一學期的學生。
二、課程性質
《民航專業(yè)英語》是空乘專業(yè)的職業(yè)基礎課,也是職業(yè)核心課,為B類課。本課程與英語語言有密切的關聯(lián),如英語聽力、口語、閱讀、寫作等等;同時與空乘行業(yè)也有交集。所以是跨越兩學科的一門實用課程。
三.課程目標
本課程首要目標是培養(yǎng)和提高學生的英語交際能力和機上的應變能力。了解并掌握民航服務英語的基本內(nèi)容與相關的語言知識及民航地面服務所需的相關英語知識,包括:機型、飛行計劃、空管、機場、航空公司、客貨運輸、機票、行李、安檢等內(nèi)容。本著這樣的宗旨,課堂上將提供讓學生大量進行口語訓練的機會,并且讓學生熟悉空乘服務中涉及到的專業(yè)知識和服務技巧。課堂上設計生動逼真的會話情景,以及富有創(chuàng)意的角色扮演,讓學生能夠進一步鞏固和發(fā)展他們的語言實際交際能力,為將來他們的空乘工作打下堅實的基礎。
四、課程總學時及學分
《民航專業(yè)英語》課內(nèi)學時數(shù)為36學時,共2學分。
五、課程設計
本課程在教學過程中,要充分將理論和實際相結合。語言只有通過不斷練習才可以不斷進步,口語尤其如此。因此課堂上要組織各種各樣的活動,創(chuàng)造大量機會讓學生進行口語訓練,激發(fā)他們的興趣和主動性。同時也要將空乘方面的專業(yè)英語術語和文化差異融入其中,使他們在專業(yè)素質方面有一個質的提升。
六、教材及媒體使用說明
文字教材:高等教育出版社06年版《民航乘務英語》
本教材從培養(yǎng)高級應用型人才的總體目標出發(fā),結合學生畢業(yè)后的工作實際,力求向學生提供其未來工作崗位所需要的專業(yè)英語知識技能,培養(yǎng)學生使用涉外業(yè)務英語的交際能力。突出選材的真實性、科學性、時代性、趣味性和多樣性,更有利于激發(fā)學習興趣和實現(xiàn)培養(yǎng)目標。
另外可以多多使用相關多媒體資料,以增加教學的生動性與形象性,增加學生興趣,提高教學效果。
七、課程內(nèi)容
Unit 1At the airport
教學重點:
1.閱讀部分:機場的結構、登機程序、護照檢查、安全檢查等等。
2.口語部分:詢問臺對話、登機處對話、護照檢查處對話、安全檢查處對話等。
3.角色表演
4.朗讀:登機通知、飛機延誤通知
5.補充閱讀部分
Unit 2Airline personnel
教學重點:
1.閱讀部分:airline personnel, Air Traffic Controllers, flight crew, passenger cabins, air cabin crew, main roles of cabin attendants
2.口語部分:at a booking office, at a training seminar, after the seminar, attending a pre-flight briefing, attending an unaccompanied child on the flight, having a stomachache.3.角色表演
4.朗讀:Announcement prior to take-off, a welcome announcement, announcement for moving around, announcement for landing
5.補充閱讀部分 flying in a Boeing 747
Unit 3Pre-flight
教學重點:
1.閱讀部分:Pre-flight, food code, special needs, pre-takeoff preparations
2.口語部分:Welcoming passengers on board, hand luggage in the wrong place, checking seat belts and mobile phones, sitting in the wrong seat
3.角色表演
4.朗讀:A welcome announcement, announcement for fastening seatbelt, announcement for life vest, announcement for pre-takeoff, announcement for delayed takeoff, announcement for connecting flights
5.補充閱讀部分 Tips for travellers
Unit 4In-flight
教學重點:
1.閱讀部分:In-flight, cruise flight, turbulence, personal items forbidden during takeoff and landing stages, meal and beverage service, meals and snacks, beverage service, special dietary service
2.口語部分:Turbulence, serving food in economic class, serving drinks, serving food on a short haul, do you have any vegetarian meals, serving food for Muslims
3.角色表演
4.朗讀:Announcement for serving food in general, announcement for special food, announcement for air turbulence, announcement for resuming service
5.補充閱讀部分 Beverages and in-flight special meals
Unit 5 Customer service
教學重點:
1.閱讀部分:Customer service, cabin comfort, special services, in-flight duty-free goods, in-flight rest
2.口語部分:providing books and magazines, providing in-flight comfort, serving a passenger with disabilities, duty-free allowance
3.角色表演
4.朗讀:Announcement for in-flight entertainment, announcement for selling duty-free goods, announcement for flying at night
5.補充閱讀部分In-flight service
八、課程教學測試與評價
本課程的考核采取平時成績和期末考試兩種形式,課程總成績?yōu)榘俜种疲綍r成績占30%,期末考試占70%。
九、教材及參考書目
《民航乘務英語》 高等教育出版社
《民航乘務英語聽力》 國防工業(yè)出版社
《民航乘務英語會話》 旅游教育出版社
第二篇:民航運輸專業(yè)英語重點詞匯
accommodation 住宿
Affiliated company 子公司
Affinity charter 共同利益包機hold 裝載或卸行李/貨艙
Long-haul aircraft遠程飛機Maintenance burden 維修人工
Aircraft Airworthiness 飛機適航性Aircraft Types 機型
aircraft utilization 飛機利用率airport authorities 機場當局ATC(air traffic control)空管
Aviation infrastructure 航空基礎設施 Bilateral agreement 雙邊協(xié)議Block time 輪擋時間
Depreciated book value 折舊賬面價值direct non-stop flights 直達的不經(jīng)停的航班 Direct operating cost直接運營成本directionality方向性
Discretionary(Disposable)income 可自由支配的收入
En-route navigational facilities 航路導航設施
flight operation飛行操作 Flight schedule 航班班期
Freight shippers 貨物托運人Frequency and capacity班次和運力
General administrative cost 一般行政管理成本
Hijacking and terrorism劫機和恐怖行為ICAO:International Civil Aviation Organization
in real or constant value term 凈現(xiàn)值Inclusive tour 綜合旅游
Indirect operating cost 間接運營成本 inflation 通脹
in-flight catering 機上取餐 in-flight procedures 飛機程序 infrastructure 基礎設施
intermediate stops 中間的點
International Air Services Transmit Agreement 過境服務協(xié)議
ITCs(Inclusive tour charter)綜合旅游包機 Jet engine 噴氣式發(fā)動機 JIT(Just in time)
Life-cycle diagram 生命周期 Load factor 載運率
Loading or unloading of the baggage/freight Meteorological services 氣象服務Multilateral agreement多邊協(xié)議 multisegment多目標市場
Open-skies policies 天空開放政策 Operating cost 運營成本operational feasibility 運營可能性
origin-destination traffic 始發(fā)地目的地運輸 over-capacity 運力過剩的 overhaul 大修
Over-night stops 過夜經(jīng)停點 payload業(yè)載
Piston engine 活塞式發(fā)動機 pivot weight 基準重量
Policing and security公共安全保護和安全保衛(wèi)
Post Office Department 郵局
related characteristicmaintenance level 相關特性的維修水平Residual value殘值
Retirement of property and equipment 資產(chǎn)和設備的報廢
Revexratio(收益率)=總運營收入/總運營支出
route authority 航線的授權seasonality季節(jié)性
Short-to-medium-haul aircraft中短程飛機 Supervision Maintenance維護監(jiān)督The marketing-profitability analysis 市場營銷利潤率分析
the number of flights 班次
the number of passengers boarded(embarked)上(下)居旅客數(shù)量
The rate of return on asset 資產(chǎn)回報率The ratio of debt to equity capital資產(chǎn)負載率
traffic density航班密度Traffic right 載運權
traffic volume 交通容量
Turbo propeller 渦輪螺旋槳式飛機 ULD(Unit load device)集裝設備WLU(Work-load unit):工作量=work load
第三篇:民航運輸管理專業(yè)英語貨運部分總結[范文模版]
貨物劃分種類的標準 貨物需求的特點(貨物本身的特點,需求特點)
? Goods with ultra-high value in relation to their weight are also normally carried by air
primarily because of the much higher security offered.? Routine freight:the shipper’ s decision to use air transport is basedon an assessment
of available transport options and is not a response to a sudden and unexpected problem.? Routine freight is divided into perishable and non-perishable freight.? The commercial life for perishables is short and the gap between producer and
consumer must be bridged before that the commercial life expires.? In the case of perishables, the market for them is that dependent on air transport.? The demand for air freight is fairly price sensitive.? Routine non-perishable freight is shipped by airbecause higher transport costs are
more than offset by savings in other elements of distribution costs.? The savings include documentation and insurance costs, packaging, ground collection,delivery and handling.? Routine non-perishable freight consists of fragile high-value goods as well as semi-
manufacture goodsneeded in various production processes.? Non-perishable freight is less price sensitive than perishable freight, but is responsive to
the total distribution costs of air transport.? The air freight remains very heterogeneous with a wide range of different manufactured
and semi-manufactured goods, raw materials and agricultural products that may have little in common.? Another aspect of this heterogeneity is that freight comes in all shapes, sizes, densities
and weights, there is no standard unit or size for a freight consignment or any standard unit of space.
第四篇:專業(yè)英語
我國經(jīng)濟和科學技術正在高速發(fā)展,隨著我國機械行業(yè)實力的不斷提升,中國正在加速產(chǎn)品與設備的更新與改造,我國與其他國家在各技術領域也正在實現(xiàn)進一步的合作,許多企業(yè)引進了很多進口設備,大量資料是英文原版的。因此,學生將來在工作崗位上能否讀懂這些資料就是擺在面前的一個嚴峻的問題,特別是在生產(chǎn)實際中碰到現(xiàn)場實際問題的時候,很可能需要查閱原版英文資料或與相關專家用英語交流專業(yè)技術來謀取解決途徑,所以機械工程專業(yè)英語的掌握就變得越來越重要。
一、學習機械專業(yè)英語面臨的主要問題
1.缺乏足夠的重視,認為沒必要
許多學生對專業(yè)英語重視不夠,認為自己以后在工作崗位上一般用不上,學起來又不容易,不想花功夫去學習和加強專業(yè)英語方面的能力,即便有專業(yè)英語課程也是抱著及格萬歲的思想,敷衍了事。其實,隨著社會的發(fā)展,各種工作崗位對人才的要求越來越高,即使作為一名操作工,也有很大可能要面對純英文的說明書、加工圖紙等專業(yè)文獻,更無須說將來擔任管理和領導崗位對專業(yè)英語的需求了。
2專業(yè)基礎知識不扎實
專業(yè)基礎不扎實、專業(yè)知識的缺乏是專業(yè)英語學習和翻譯的一大障礙。只有既懂外語又懂專業(yè)的人才能適應全面的對外開放,4.無法適應專業(yè)英語本身的特點
專業(yè)英語一般內(nèi)容較為枯燥,闡述的是原理概念,結構嚴謹,不注重文字修飾,重在客觀事實;專業(yè)詞匯多,邏輯性強,理論推導多,有獨特的文體形式和表達方式。在學習開始階段,我感覺很難適應。
二、大學生學好機械專業(yè)英語的方法
1.把握專業(yè)知識
必須將機械專業(yè)知識與英語知識相結合。缺乏專業(yè)知識,翻譯專業(yè)文獻就沒有了根基,成了無本之末。也許自己在學習過程中就會對翻譯出來的東西拿捏不穩(wěn),或者自己都不明白,更不能保證對錯了。所以,學生必須加強開設本課程前的相關專業(yè)知識的學習,為本課程的學習掃清這方面的阻礙,減輕負擔。也有學生反映,專業(yè)英語學完以后,英語和專業(yè)兩方面都有所鞏固和加強,所以學生要做的仍舊是樹立信心,保持良好積極的心態(tài)。
2.積累專業(yè)詞匯和專業(yè)術語
在專業(yè)英語的學習過程中,學生既要鞏固基礎詞匯,也要學習專業(yè)詞匯,更要注重基礎詞匯的習慣用法、含義和在專業(yè)英語中的特殊用法、含義,同時,學生還需要在識記專業(yè)詞匯的同時,掌握一定量的詞根、詞綴[7]。提高專業(yè)英語資料的閱讀能力必須擴大詞匯量,掌握一定量的專業(yè)詞匯。如果詞匯量掌握得不夠,閱讀時就會感到生詞多,障礙大,不但影響閱讀的速度,而且影響理解的程度,從而不能進行有效的閱讀,還容易使人產(chǎn)生挫敗感。而學生要想擴大詞匯量,就必須在閱讀的同時進行識記,并擴大閱讀范圍。
3培養(yǎng)濃厚興趣
培養(yǎng)對英語的興趣至關重要。“興趣是最好的老師”,興趣是學習英語的巨大動力,有了興趣,學習就會事半功倍。我們都有這樣的經(jīng)驗:喜歡的事,就容易堅持下去;不喜歡的事,是很難堅持下去的。而興趣不是與生俱來的,需要培養(yǎng)。必須要用正確的態(tài)度對待英語學習,用科學的方法指導學習。多讓自己去嘗試,通過努力讓自己體會成功的愉悅。
三、結語
用英語進行專業(yè)交流是學習機械工程專業(yè)英語的最終目的。由于翻譯過程是個創(chuàng)造性的、從生疏到熟練的過程,只有具備刻苦的精神、嚴肅認真的學習態(tài)度和一定的英語水平、專業(yè)水平和漢語表達水平,才能充分理解原專業(yè)文獻的含義,把握原文的想要表述的實質內(nèi)容,運用種種表達手段和翻譯技巧,用準確流暢的符合漢語言習慣的語言生動地再現(xiàn)原文。所以,為把自己培養(yǎng)成為復合型、有發(fā)展后勁的高技能人才,大學生必須把握機械工程專業(yè)知識,培養(yǎng)專業(yè)英語的學習興趣,積累專業(yè)英語學習方法和基礎知識,加強英文原始專業(yè)文獻的閱讀,擴大知識面,迅速而切實地提高自己的專業(yè)英語的應用能力,為將來更好地適應高素質工作崗位和進一步發(fā)展的需要打下良好的基礎。
第五篇:專業(yè)英語
土木工程翻譯實例----現(xiàn)場質量控制樣件概述 On-site Quality Control Samples
The Specialist contractor shall erect the first area of each type of the Works and offer these to the Project Manager as on-site quality control samples.The standard of workmanship for the Works shall be to an agreed standard established by the construction of the On-site Quality Control Samples.The Project Manager shall review and comment on the On-site Quality Control Samples.Should the specialist contractor wish to continue with installation of any of the Works before the Project Manager has reviewed and commented on the On-site Quality Control Samples, he shall do so at his own risk.The Project Manager may require parts of the sample to be dismantled to allow inspection of concealed details.Upon acceptance, the on-site control samples shall remain as part of the installed permanent Works.The Project Manager shall reject workmanship that falls below the accepted standard and shall require the specialist contractor to remove it and re-install it to the acceptable standard.現(xiàn)場質量控制樣件
專業(yè)分包商應首先安裝每種類型工程的第一個區(qū)域并將它作為現(xiàn)場質量控制樣件提供給項目經(jīng)理。把已通過審批的現(xiàn)場質量控制樣件的施工標準作為工程的工藝標準。項目經(jīng)理應對現(xiàn)場質量控制樣件進行審查和評論。如果分包商想在以上步驟完成之前繼續(xù)進行任何工程的安裝,一切風險將由其自行承擔。項目經(jīng)理可以要求部分地拆除樣件以檢查隱蔽工程的詳細節(jié)點。工程驗收之后,現(xiàn)場質量控制樣件仍然應作為永久工程的一部分。項目經(jīng)理可以拒絕沒有達到驗收標準的工藝并要求專業(yè)承包商將其去除同時按照驗收標準重新安裝。
我的土木工程翻譯----材料來源及其證書(摘于合同文件)
Compliance with Standards
Unless otherwise described, all materials shall conform to the appropriate current European or British Standard Specifications.The Specialist contractor shall provide the Project
Manager, on request, with guarantees, or certificates of conformity, from the prime material manufacturers and suppliers proving that the materials to be used do in fact conform to such specifications.These guarantees or certificates shall also confirm that the materials are suitable and appropriate for their intended use within the Works and will satisfy this Contract Document.遵從規(guī)范
除非有特別的說明,所有的材料均應符合相應的現(xiàn)行歐洲或英國規(guī)范。專業(yè)承包商應該按照要求把從原材料廠家和供應商那里獲得的保證書或認證書遞交項目經(jīng)理用以證明即將使用的材料著實符合這類規(guī)范。這些保證書或認證書也應該確認這些材料在工程中的用途適當且合理,同時符合合同文件。
Sources of Materials
In accordance with the schedule of submissions, the Specialist contractor shall provide for the Project Manager’s review a list of the proposed materials and their sources.He shall also provide documents from the sources as evidence of their ability to carry out the tasks
expected of them, and written confirmation that the materials they are supplying are suitable and appropriate for their intended use and will satisfy this Contract Document.The Specialist contractor shall obtain the total quantity of each material from the same manufacturer.The Specialist contractor shall obtain materials from established and reputable
manufacturers, particularly those who are prepared to assist him with the design process, through to the fabrication and final installation on site.材料的來源 根據(jù)遞交計劃表,專業(yè)承包商應把含有提議使用材料的名稱及其來源信息的列表遞交項目經(jīng)理審閱。專業(yè)承包商還應提供從材料供應商那里獲得的相關文件以證明他們有能力完成其任務,以及書面確認用以證明這些材料在工程中的用途適當且合理,同時符合合同文件。
專業(yè)承包商應獲得每種材料從同一個生產(chǎn)商購買的總數(shù)量。
專業(yè)承包商使用的材料應向知名的生產(chǎn)商購買。特別是他們完全能夠從設計、裝配到現(xiàn)場安裝整個過程中給與承包商支持。
土木工程翻譯----白令海峽大橋的簡介摘錄
第一次知道白令海峽大橋是在上大學的時候橋梁課老師梁力給我們播放了《Discovery》中一集專門介紹它的視頻,我被它的壯觀,雄偉所震撼,今天突然想到了這座“堅強”撼世之橋,特意把它的資料找了出來,并把其中一小段翻譯出來和大家一起分享。
Bering Strait bridge
白令海峽大橋的簡介摘錄
Technical challenges技術挑戰(zhàn)
The route would lie just south of the Arctic Circle, subject to long, dark winters and extreme weather(average winter lows 20°C with possible lows approaching 50°C).Maintenance of any exposed roadway would be difficult and closures frequent.Even maintenance of enclosed roadways and pipelines could also be affected by winter weather.Ice breakup after each winter is violent and would destroy normal bridge piers.Specially shaped massive piers along the ocean floor would be needed to keep the bridge stable.The Confederation Bridge between Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick addresses similar concerns on a much smaller scale.橋的路線正好位于北極圈的南端,它受到了漫長黑暗的冬季和極限天氣的影響(冬天的平均溫度低至20°C而且最低的溫度甚至可能達到50°C)。任何暴露在外的路面部分的維護工作都是很困難進行的,所以不得不頻繁地將其關閉。即使是關閉的路面和管線的維護也將受到冬季氣候的影響。在冬天過后冰的消融也會是危險強烈的并且會對普通的橋墩造成毀滅性的破壞。這就需要沿著海床布置具有特殊形狀的大橋墩以保證橋的穩(wěn)定性。位于愛德華王子島和新布朗斯威克之間的聯(lián)邦大橋就面臨著類似的問題,只不過它受影響的范圍要小得多。
The United States and Canada use the British and now world standard gauge(4 feet, 8.5 inches wide)rails, while Russia uses Russian broad gauge(5 feet wide)tracks, a
break-of-gauge, and this would have to be addressed.A dual-gauge track network has been proposed, as those are used in some areas of Australia, whose rail network is split into different gauges.A cheaper solution is variable gauge axles or bogie exchange, as used at several places in the world already.美國和加拿大的鐵路采用英國的也是現(xiàn)在的世界標準軌距(4英尺,8.5英寸寬),而俄羅斯的鐵路采用俄羅斯寬軌距(5英尺寬),需要說明的是這樣就形成了具有不同軌距的鐵路。一個具有雙軌距的鐵路網(wǎng)方案被提了出來,這種方案正在澳大利亞某些地區(qū)使用,他們的鐵路網(wǎng)就為存在不同的軌距。一個造價更低的解決方案就是使用變軌距車輪或轉向車,這種方案已經(jīng)在世界多個地方使用了。
土木工程翻譯---施工安全
1、水平安全繩之設置,應依下列規(guī)定辦理:
a、采用¢8.3鋼絲繩,兩端各用三個U型卡扣緊固在建筑物或構筑物牢固位置。
b、相鄰兩支柱間的安全繩限系掛一條安全帶。
c、每條安全繩可系掛安全帶之條數(shù)標示于繩錨錠端。
2、垂直安全繩之設置,應依下列規(guī)定辦理: a、安全繩之下端應有防止安全帶鎖扣自尾端脫落之設施。
b、一條安全繩限供一名工人使用。
c、勞工作業(yè)或爬升位置之水平間距在一米以下者,得二人共享一條安全繩。
d、所有垂直安全繩應垂伸至地面/已完成樓板。
e、完成檢驗的安全帶或安全繩皆應貼上下表所示的當月合格顏色標簽,以利大家輕易分辨已完成檢驗的合格安全帶。
f、在吊籃內(nèi)施工,安全帶必須系掛在安全繩自鎖器上,不得系掛在除安全繩以外的任何地方。
g、施工人員應配備工具箱,將所用小附件裝箱存放,小工具必須拴繩使用,防止高空墜落傷及人、物。臨邊物
料的擺放不得隨意放置,要距離樓板邊緣至少1米以上的安全位置,防止風吹或人碰落樓下,傷及人、物。h、擺放如玻璃、箱體等大件物體時,必須有安全保護措施,如大尺寸規(guī)格的玻璃(2.4平方米以上的)要求對
稱擺放在玻璃架子兩側,并用繩子捆綁牢固,成箱的玻璃盡量集中存放,玻璃箱傾斜墊牢,并用木板將各木箱相連接,以免倒塌。
i、現(xiàn)場設置急救箱,在高溫季節(jié)給工人發(fā)放防暑降溫物品。
我的譯文:
1.The setup of horizontal safety rope should comply with the followingprovisions:
a.¢8.3 wire rope should be applied.Three U-shaped claspsshould be used one both
ends to tighten onto the stable places on the buildingor structure.b.Only one safety belt could be tied on the safety rope between two adjacentstrut rods.c.The number of safety belt allowed to be tied should be marked on the head ofthe
rope’s anchor.2.The setup of vertical safety rope should comply with the following provisions:
a.At lower end of the safety rope, there should be facilities to prevent the fastener of safety
belt from falling off from the caudal end.b.One safetyrope should only be used by on worker.c.When horizontal distance between the operation or climbing position of workers iswithin one meter, one safety rope should be shared by two workers.d.All the vertical safety rope should draw down to ground/completed floor.e.The followingstick in colors should be stuck onto safety belts or safety ropes after test todisplay test passing of current month.In this way, qualified safety belt aftertest would be easy to recognize.f.During operation in basket, safety belt must be tied onto the self-lock of the safetyrope;tying onto any places besides safety rope is prohibited.g.Builder should be equipped with tool box.Small accessories should be kept in the boxand fastened to rope when in use to prevent from being dropped from height andhitting people or objects.Material and supplies at the edge of construction area should not be placed at will;more than one meter’s distance from the edgeof the floor is considered safe location for placing;in this way, droppingcaused by wind or man and hitting people or objects could be avoided.h.when big objects such as glass or boxes are placed, safety protection measures must becarried out.For example, glass of big dimensions(above 2.4 square meters)should be placed onto the two sides of the glass shelf with symmetry, and boundand fastened with rope.Glass in boxes should be placed together at one placeas much as possible.Boxes of Glass should be well padded to prevent fromslant.Wood-blocks should be used to joint all boxes to prevent from collapse.i.First-aidbox should be placed at construction site.Workers should be given heat controlarticles in high temperature season.