第一篇：2015考研英語翻譯練習

要求：

1.全文翻譯為中文，word文檔傳給我郵箱,文檔命名格式為： 翻譯1大樹

2.摘錄里面的生詞到個人單詞本上，無需做題

3.熟練后，做到較流利的口譯

Google, the Internet search-engine company, has announced it will give more than twenty-five million dollars in money and investments to help the poor.The company says the effort involves using the power of information and technology to help people improve their lives.Aleem Walji works for Google.org--the part of the company that gives money to good causes.He said the company’s first project will help identify where infectious diseases are developing.In Southeast Asia and Africa, for example, Google.org will work with partners to strengthen early-warning systems and take action against growing health threats.Google.org’s second project will invest in ways to help small and medium-sized businesses grow.Walji says microfinance(小額信貸)is generally small, short-term loans that create few jobs.Instead, he says Google.org wants to develop ways to bring investors and business owners together to create jobs and improve economic growth.Google.org will also give money to help two climate-change programs

announced earlier this year.One of these programs studies ways is to make renewable(再生的)energy less costly than coal-based energy.The other is examining the efforts being made to increase the use of electric cars.The creators of Google have promised to give Google.org about one percent of company profits and one percent of its total stock value every year.Aleem Walji says this amount may increase in the future.36.The purpose of Google’s investments is to ________.A)help poor people

B)develop new technology

C)expand its own business

D)increase the power of information

37.According to Aleem Walji, the company’s first project is to ________.A)set up a new system to warn people of infectious diseases

B)find out where infectious diseases develop

C)identify the causes of infectious diseases

D)cure patients of infectious diseases

38.What kind of businesses will benefit from Google.org’s second project?

A)large enterprises

B)cross-national companies

C)foreign-funded corporations

D)small and medium-sized businesses

39.From the fourth paragraph, we learn that Google’s money is also invested to

help ________.A)start more research programs

B)make more advanced electric cars

C)develop renewable and coal-based energy

D)conduct studies related to climate changes

40.From the last paragraph we learn that the investments by Google.org come from ________.A)Google’s profits and stock value

B)some international IT companies

C)the company’s own interests

D)local commercial banks

By almost any measure, there is a boom in Internet-based instruction.In just a few years, 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance learning(DL), and among the larger schools, it’s closer to 90 percent.If you doubt the popularity of the trend, you probably haven’t heard of the University of Phoenix.It grants degrees entirely on the basis of online instruction.It enrolls 90,000 students, a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country.While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi(課程大綱), reading

assignments, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail.Generally speaking, face-to-face communication with an instructor is minimized or eliminated altogether.The attraction for students might at first seem obvious.Primarily, there’s the convenience promised by courses on the Net: you can do the work, as they say, in your pajamas(睡衣).But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced commitment to the course.While drop-out rates for all freshmen at American

universities is around 20 percent, the rate for online students is 35 percent.In a survey conducted for eCornell, the DL division of Cornell University, less than a third of the respondents expected the quality of the online course to be as good as the classroom course.Clearly, from the schools’ perspective, there’s a lot of money to be saved.Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in servers and networks to support collaborative software, most DL courses can run on existing or minimally upgraded(升級)systems.The more students who enroll in a course but don’t come to campus, the more the school saves on keeping the lights on in the classrooms, paying doorkeepers, and maintaining parking lots.And, while there’s evidence that instructors must work harder to run a DL course for a variety of reasons, they won’t be paid any more, and might well be paid less.In times of economic crisis.Americans turn to their families for support.If the Great Depression is any guide, we may see a drop in our skyhigh divorce rate.But this won’t necessarily represent an increase in happy marriages.In the long run, the Depression weakened American families, and the current crisis will probably do the same.We tend to think of the Depression as a time when families pulled together to survive huge job losses, By 1932,when nearly one-quarter of the workforce was

unemployed, the divorce rate had declined by around 25% from 1929.But this doesn't mean people were suddenly happier with their marriages.Rather, with incomes

decreasing and insecure jobs, unhappy couples often couldn't afford to divorce.They feared neither spouse could manage alone.Today, given the job losses of the past year, fewer unhappy couples will risk starting separate households.Furthermore, the housing market meltdown will make it more difficult for them to finance their separations by selling their homes.After financial disasters family members also tend to do whatever they can to help each other and their communities, A 1940 book.The Unemployed Man and His Family, described a family in which the husband initially reacted to losing his job “with tireless search for work.”He was always active, looking for odd jobs to do.The problem is that such an impulse is hard to sustain across the country.many similar families were unable to maintain the initial boost in morale.For some, the hardships of life without steady work eventually overwhelmed their attempts to keep their families together.The divorce rate rose again during the rest of the decade as the recovery took hold.Millions of American families may now be in the initial stage of their responses to the current crisis, working together and supporting one another through the early months of unemployment.Today’s economic crisis could well generate a similar number of couples whose relationships have been irreparably(無法彌補地)ruined.So it’s only when the

economy is healthy again that we’ll begin to see just how many broken families have been created.57.In the initial stage, the current economic crisis is likely to __________.A)tear many troubled families apartB)contribute to enduring family ties

C)bring about a drop in the divorce rateD)cause a lot of conflicts in the family

58.In the Great Depression many unhappy couples close to stick together because

A)starting a new family would be hardB)they expected things would turn better

C)they wanted to better protect their kidsD)living separately would be too costly

59.In addition to job losses.What stands in the way of unhappy couples getting a divorce?

A)Mounting family debtsB)A sense of insecurity

C)Difficulty in getting a loanD)Falling housing prices

60.What will the current economic crisis eventually do to some married couples?

A)It will force them to pull their efforts together

B)It will undermine their mutual understanding

C)It will help strengthen their emotional bonds

D)It will irreparably damage their relationship

61.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A)The economic recovery will see a higher divorce rate

B)Few couples can stand the test of economic hardships

C)A stable family is the best protection against poverty.D)Money is the foundation of many a happy marriage

第二篇：2011考研英語翻譯

考研英語翻譯是一種要求較高的綜合性題型。此題主要考查考生的詞匯量、語法知識、閱讀能力和漢語表達能力，尤其注重考查考生通過上下文理解詞和短語含義的能力。

可見，考研翻譯題不僅要求考生要有良好的英語基礎，還要有扎實的漢語功底和英譯漢的基本技能。因此，要做好這一部分，必須要從以下三方面進行一個整體把握：如何解讀長句，如何把握詞語的含義，以及如何運用翻譯技巧恰當表述原文。

下面，就從這三方面詳細講述：

一、如何解讀長句

長句解讀向來是許多考生感到最頭疼的問題，原因是漢語的句子強調意合，語法結構較松散;而英文句子強調形合，注重語法形式。中國學生已經習慣了意合式的思維，在解讀英文長句的過程中會有意無意地采用漢語思維，認為句子就是單詞的排列，認識了單詞，句子就能基本讀懂，其結果是要么解讀錯誤，要么干脆讀不懂。

要克服這個困難，必須把握英文句子形合的主要特點。形合即形式的邏輯。英文形式的邏輯主要有兩個方面：

1.英文的核心句式是簡單句，即主語+謂語(系動詞)+賓語(表語)的模式，而該句型的核心是動詞，一個簡單句有且只有一個動詞。只要能識別動詞，就等于識別了簡單句。

2.數(shù)個簡單句如果連接成長句，必須依靠連詞。連詞有兩種：并列連詞(and, or, but, so)和連接從句的各類連詞。

把握住這兩個主要的方面，解讀長句就不難了。首先找出動詞的個數(shù)。如果只有一個動詞，說明句子只不過是一個簡單句的擴展，句子之所以顯得長，無非是增加了一些作定語、狀語或賓語補足語之類的短語，如介詞短語和非謂語短語之類。只要能區(qū)分這些短語，就能很快找到該簡單句的核心結構，從而理清句子的核心意義。如果句子中出現(xiàn)了兩個或兩個以上的動詞，說明該句子是由兩個或兩個以上的簡單句聯(lián)合而成的長句，這時就需要找出它們之間的連接點——連詞。找到連詞，就可以將長句截分開來。然后根據(jù)連詞所揭示的邏輯關系將各個簡單句的意義串起來，長句的意思就明晰了。下面舉例說明。

They may teach very well, and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment.以上是2006年第50題。該句出現(xiàn)4個動詞，分別是teach, earn, make和involve，說明包含四個簡單句。這四個簡單句又分別由and, but和which三個連詞連接起來，只要能解讀三個連詞的邏輯意義，整個句子的意思就不難解讀。

二、如何把握詞語的含義

英漢詞匯一個很重要的區(qū)別在于，漢語的詞匯意義一般較為固定，而英語的詞匯大都一詞多義，意義隨上下文不斷變化。這就要求考生在復習的時候，首先要熟悉往年閱讀考題當中經常出現(xiàn)的一詞多義現(xiàn)象，其次要多做練習，學習根據(jù)上下文把握詞語的含義。通常，根據(jù)上下文把握詞語的含義有兩種常用的方法：

1.根據(jù)詞性。有些詞語，詞性不同則意義不同。例如2003年考過concrete這個詞，如果是名詞，意思就是“混凝土”;如果是形容詞，意思就是“具體的”。

2.根據(jù)搭配。所謂搭配，就是通過上下文中和該詞意義聯(lián)系最密切的詞來識別該詞的具體含義。例如2004年考過develop the idea這個說法。這里的develop不能簡單地譯為“發(fā)展”或“培養(yǎng)”，必須依據(jù)其賓語idea，重新將判斷其含義，比如可譯為“產生”或“形成”等。

3.根據(jù)文章背景。如果一個詞語若按詞典意義翻譯出來不合中文習慣，而根據(jù)其所在句的內容也無法確定其意義時，還需要參照文章中其它信息(如文章主題)來確定其詞義。此外，再次強調：考研翻譯考的是詞匯的深度，而不是詞匯的廣度，也就是考查同學們是否能夠掌握和運用這個詞，放在不一樣的上下文語境中，又能否真正理解。所以建議同學們不要簡單、機械地去記詞義，而要真正地理解詞匯在上下文中的具體用法。考研翻譯題中的詞匯考點可分為這么幾類：

1.熟詞僻義。例如07年49題，“political stories”，很多同學想當然地譯成“政治故事”，實際上，大家根據(jù)上下文理解一下，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)，這里的“story”不可能解釋為“故事”，而是上文“news”的一個同意替換。

2.專有名詞。復習過的同學應該知道，05年的翻譯題中曾出現(xiàn)過專有名詞the Old Continent，continent一詞常用來指代“歐洲大陸”。與此類似的一些常識還包括：Canadian Constitution指加拿大憲法;the New World是美洲大陸的代名詞;native American不是指美國本土居民，而是美洲的土著印地安人;the States是the United States的簡稱;the Big Apple是紐約的代稱等。

3.常考難詞。例如：“intellectual”，這是一個典型的常考詞，曾經在歷年的考研試卷中出現(xiàn)過至少20次。這個詞除了在最早的90年考察過“智力”這一最常用意思外，在后來的題目中則分別考查了“知識”、“知識分子”等非常用意思。例如：在03年的62題中，“intellectual enquiry”翻譯為“知識探究”;06考到“define him as an intellectual”本句中出現(xiàn)的“intellectual”作“知識分子”解;07年“intellectual equipment”中 “intellectual”義為“知識”。這樣反復出現(xiàn)的高頻詞題型，我們考生在平時的復習過程中需要給予這樣的小詞以足夠的關注。

詞匯的復習對于考研翻譯，同時對閱讀都有著決定性意義，在備考的時候第一關就要突破詞匯關。

三、如何運用翻譯技巧準確表述原文

理解原句的意思不等于說能用漢語準確表達。由于英漢文化差異，英語句子的表述方式和漢語大不相同，因此，很多考生感到原文理解了，就是沒辦法用漢語說出來。漢語表達當然涉及考生本人的漢語功底，但就翻譯而言，還在于對翻譯技巧的靈活運用。翻譯技巧的作用在于定位英漢表達的差異，并解釋常用的轉換原則。

考研英語翻譯主要有如下一些翻譯技巧：

1.從句的翻譯技巧。重點是定語從句的翻譯，幾乎每年必考;

2.短語的翻譯技巧。如果多個短語并列，構成很長的短語，就需要把短語轉換成漢語的小句翻譯出來。

3.語序問題。例如，漢語習慣先說事實，再表態(tài);而英語習慣先表態(tài)，再說事實。這樣，翻譯的時候就需要注意語序的問題。舉個很簡單的例子，英語說Nice to meet you.漢語則習慣說“見到你很高興。”“見到你”是事實，“很高興”是表態(tài)。

通過以上三方面，考生對翻譯應該會有一個基本的把握。但是，在平時與考生的接觸中了解到，面對翻譯題，部分考生知難而退，完全放棄了翻譯部分，這是極不可取的。而另有一部分考生，在做翻譯訓練時，明顯存在以下兩點誤區(qū)：

第一、盲目練習。

很多考生復習考研翻譯，買了很多模擬題來練習。其實，不需要做太多模擬題，而是先要牢牢掌握考研翻譯歷年真題。真題是英語專家經過仔細篩選，核對考研英語的大綱，并經過審題人的層層審查，最終形成的，而模擬題出題人的水平參差不齊，所選擇的題材和體裁都不一定適合考研翻譯，與真題有較大差異。研究生入學考試實行這么多年以來，考研翻譯的選題范圍基本確定，只要把握好了這些真題，無論是單詞還是長難句，都會有“似曾相識”的感覺。

因此，給各位考生的建議是：以歷年真題為標準，仔細把握，在此基礎上，適當選擇一些模擬題練習。

第二、“看”翻譯。

長期以來，準備考研的學生，如果說有人在練習翻譯這個部分的話，經常會有這樣的情況：自己對著漢語譯文看英語句子，都能看懂，覺得英語原文中，每一個單詞的意思都能理解，甚至把英語和漢語譯文子完全背下來，認為這樣去參加考試，翻譯部分肯定沒有問題了。其實，非也。可能有同學已有過這樣的感受：等到真正考試，必須自己動手寫漢字、做翻譯的時候，才發(fā)現(xiàn)：句子中每個單詞都認識，英語句子的意思似乎也明白，可就是不能把英語句子轉換成漢語，不知道該怎么表達，可以說是“只可意會，不可言傳”。

這就提醒各位考生，翻譯是“做”出來的，不是“看”，也不是“背”出來的。因此，要真正練習翻譯，一定要在不看任何漢字提示的前提下，自己動腦動手，把英語翻成漢語。這是考生中普遍存在的2種錯誤觀點。那么，平時該如何練習翻譯題呢?建議各位考生可以采取“翻譯練習五步走”。

翻譯的步驟可以概括為理解、表達、修改、核對和記憶五步。

1.理解。正確地理解原文，是做好翻譯的前提。考生應先略讀全文，從整體上對整篇文章的行文結構、主旨大意和基調有個大致的把握;再分析所要求翻譯的部分，弄清句子結構，分析詞匯及慣用語，明確句子的整體意思及其在上下文中所處的地位。

2.表達。用自己的話把作者的意思再現(xiàn)出來，這一點對漢語功底要求比較高，具體操作過程中要注意英漢兩種語言的差異，運用翻譯技巧，直譯或意譯，或者兩者結合，用中文進行翻譯，使譯文通順。

3.修改。從某種意義上來說，這和翻譯過程一樣重要。不要直接看譯文，自己進行修改。可以查詞典，可以翻語法工具書，具體應從以下幾方面考慮：譯文是否完整準確，是否通順，有無扭曲原文意思，有無錯譯(如數(shù)字、日期等細節(jié)信息)、漏譯(插入語等)。對用詞不斷進行修改潤色，使譯文在尊重原文的情況下，更符合中文習慣，修改這一過程是真正能夠提升考生英語基本功的過程。

4.核對。看看參考譯文和自己的翻譯是否相同，看看參考答案的修飾關系是怎么安排的，有何可取之處。

5.記憶。對于這句話中的漏譯或者錯譯的詞，查工具書，確定其意思，并且記住。綜合以上的分析，廣大考生應該對于考研翻譯有了一個大致的把握。最后，希望各位考生在備考的時候應該把更多的精力放在扎扎實實提高詞匯量、對于長難句的把握上。在打下堅實的語言能力基礎之上，再運用一定的應試技巧和策略，多做多練，持之以恒，在考研翻譯部分定能取得高分。

第三篇：考研英語翻譯

二、定語從句翻譯方法

1，前置法

當從句結構和意義比較簡單，不會對主句部分造成理解上的困難，此時可以前置法，把它翻譯成“?的”的定語詞組，并放在被修飾詞的前面。將英語的復合句翻譯成漢語的簡單句。

Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we can not help considering whether or not we are forming the powers which will secure this ability.(2009，翻譯 49)

在這個句子中，關系代詞指代前面的powers，這個簡單的定語從句構成比較簡單，只有幾個單詞構成，因此萬學海文建議考生們在翻譯的時候就要把它放在所修飾的先行詞之前。參考譯文：由于我們對年輕人所做的首要工作在于使他們能夠在生活中相處地融洽，因此我們不禁要考慮自己是否在形成讓他們獲得這種能力的力量。

2，后置法

當從句結構較為復雜，意義較為繁瑣，意思表達不清時，選擇用后置法，此時把定語從句單獨翻譯成一個句子，放在原來它所修飾的詞的后面，關系代詞可以翻譯為先行詞，或者與先行詞相對應的代詞。

In Europe, as elsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful;groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.(2005年 翻譯 47)

本句中含有兩個定語從句，一個用which引導，一個用that引導，對于which引導的定語從句，無論從結構和意義上來說，都比較復雜，所以在翻譯的時候，萬學海文提醒考生們可以把它和先行詞拆開，單獨翻譯成一個句子。That引導一個比較簡單的定語從句，可以采用上面提到的1的翻譯方法—前置法，因為它的構成比較簡單，只有幾個單詞構成，因此在翻譯的時候就要把它放在所修飾的先行詞之前。這個句子是方法1和2的結合，我們不妨把它背誦下來。

參考譯文：在歐洲，像在其他地方一樣，傳媒集團越來越成功，這些集團將相關的電視、廣播、報紙、雜志和出版社結合起來。

3，狀譯法

英語當中有一些定語從句，不僅只是起到一個定語的修飾作用，而且在邏輯上與主句有狀語關系，用來解釋原因、條件、結果、讓步等。此時，我們盡量從意義上發(fā)現(xiàn)這些邏輯上的關系，然后翻譯成漢語中相對應的邏輯關系，把定語從句翻譯為狀語從句。

There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.(2001,翻譯 46)

Monitor后面跟的定語從句與when引導的狀語從句隱含著一種結果關系，翻譯的時候，一定要表現(xiàn)出來。

參考譯文：屆時，將會出現(xiàn)由機器人主持的談話節(jié)目和裝有污染監(jiān)控器的汽車。一旦這些汽車排污超標，監(jiān)控器就會使其停駛。

第四篇：英語翻譯練習

如何把一個復雜的陳述壓縮至18分鐘左右？加洛（Gallo）就這個問題提供了一些小建議，其中包括他所稱的“三的法則”。具體說就是，把大量觀點高度濃縮為三大要點。TED大會上的許多演講高手就是這樣做的。他還指出，即使一篇演講無法提煉到這樣的程度，單是這番努力也一定能改善演講的效果：“僅僅通過這番提煉，你就可以大大增強陳述的創(chuàng)造性和影響力。”

另一個建議與PPT文檔有關。如果你必須使用幻燈片，務必記得要大量運用圖像資源。這種做法同樣有科學依據(jù)，它就是研究人員所稱的“圖優(yōu)效應”(Picture Superiority Effect)：聽到或讀到一組事實三天后，大多數(shù)人會記得大約10%的信息。而添加一張照片或圖片后，記憶率將躍升至65%。

第五篇：2014英語翻譯練習

2014英語翻譯練習

“She’s a child,” she told my father.“She’s not any older than seventeen, not possibly.She wears glasses.She’s very thin.She’s not an idiot, that’s not why they were getting rid of her, but she is mentally deranged, maybe, or on the borderline.”

My mother said, “Don’t go over there.”

Nevertheless I went.I did not take Owen because he would tell.I thought I would knock on the door and ask, in a very polite way, if it was all right for me to read the newspapers on the porch.But before I got to the steps the door opened and Madeleine came out with a stove-lid lifter in her hand.She might have been lifting a stove-lid when she heard me, she might not have picked it up on purpose, but I could not see it as anything but a weapon.“What are you come spyin’ around here for? What are you come spyin’ around my house for? You better get out of here.” She started down the steps.Her short hair was not combed, she was wearing a ragged print dress on her flat young body.Her violence seemed calculated, theatrical;you wanted to stay to watch it, as if it were a show, and yet there was no doubt, either, when she raised the stove-lifter over her head, that she would crack it down on my skull if she felt like it—that is, if she felt the scene demanded it.I wished I could take this scene back to tell at home.Stories of Madeleine were being passes up and down the road.Something had annoyed her in the store and she had thrown a box of Kotex at Charlie Buckle.(Lucky she wasn’t holding a can of corn syrup!)Uncle Benny lived under a hailstorm of abuse, you could hear it from the road.“Got yourself a Tartar there, didn’t you, Benny?” people would say, and he would chuckle and nod, abashed, as if receiving congratulations.After a while he started telling stories himself.She had thrown the kettle through the window because there wasn’t any water in it.She had taken the scissors and cut up his green suit, which he had only worn once, at his wedding;he didn’t not know what she had against it.She had said she would set fire to the house, because he had brought her the wrong brand of cigarettes.Early in the spring, before the snow was all gone, he came one day to say that Madeleine had left.