第一篇：品管中英文名詞對(duì)照

品管中英文名詞對(duì)照

Accuracy 準(zhǔn)確度 Active 主動(dòng) Action 評(píng)價(jià).處理 Activity 活動(dòng) Add 加

Addition rule 加法運(yùn)算規(guī)則 Analysis Covariance 協(xié)方差分析 Analysis of Variance 方差分析 Appraisal Variation 評(píng)價(jià)變差 Approved 承認(rèn) ASQC 美國(guó)質(zhì)量學(xué)會(huì) Attribute 計(jì)數(shù)值 Audit 審核

Automatic database recovery 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)錯(cuò)誤自動(dòng)回復(fù)Average平均數(shù) balance平衡

Balance sheet 資產(chǎn)負(fù)債對(duì)照表 Binomial 二項(xiàng)分配 Body 機(jī)構(gòu)

Brainstorming Techniques 腦力風(fēng)暴法Business Systems Planning 企業(yè)系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃 Cable 電纜 Capability 能力

Cause and Effect matrix 因果圖.魚骨圖 Center line 中心線 check 檢查

Check Sheets 檢查表

Chi-square Distribution 卡方分布 Clutch spring 離合器彈簧 Coining 壓印加工 Common cause 共同原因 Complaint 投訴

Compound factor 調(diào)合因素 Concept 新概念 Condenser 聚光鏡 Conformity 合格 Connection 關(guān)聯(lián)

Consumer’s risk 消費(fèi)者之風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Control 控制

Control characteristic 管制特性 Control chart 管制圖 Control plan 管制計(jì)劃 Correction 糾正

Correlation Methods 相關(guān)分析法 Cost down 降低成本

CPI: continuouse Process Improvement 連續(xù)工序改善 Creep 漸變

Cross Tabulation Tables 交叉表 CS: customer Sevice 客戶中心 Cushion 緩沖 Customer 顧客

DSA: Defects Analysis System 缺陷分析系統(tǒng) Data 數(shù)據(jù)

Data Collection 數(shù)據(jù)收集

Data concentrator 資料集中緩存器 DCC: Document Control Center 文控中心 Decision 決策.判定

Defects per unit 單位缺點(diǎn)數(shù) Description 描述 Detection 難檢度 Device 裝置 Digital 數(shù)字 Do 執(zhí)行

DOE: Design of Experiments 實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì) Element 元素 Else 否則

Engineering recbnology 工程技術(shù) Entropy 函數(shù) Environmental 環(huán)境 Equipment 設(shè)備

Estimated accumulative frequency 計(jì)算估計(jì)累計(jì)數(shù) EV: Equipment Variation 設(shè)備變異 Event 事件

External Failure 外部失效,外部缺陷 FA: Failure Analysis 壞品分析 Fact control 事實(shí)管理 Fatique 疲勞

FMEA: Failure Mode and Effect analysis 失效模式與效果分析 FPY 合格率

FQA: Final Quality Assurance 最終品質(zhì)保證 FQC: Final Quality control 最終品質(zhì)控制 Full-steer 完全轉(zhuǎn)向 function 職能

Gauge system 量測(cè)系統(tǒng) Grade 等級(jí) Gum-roll 橡皮滾筒 Health meter 體重計(jì) Heat press 沖壓粘著 Histogram 直方圖 Hi-tech 高科技

hypergeometric 超幾何分配

hysteresis 磁滯現(xiàn)象 Improvement 改善 Inductance 電感 Information 信息 Initial review 先期審查 Inspection 檢驗(yàn)

Internal Failure 內(nèi)部失效,內(nèi)部缺陷

IPQC: In Process Quality Control 制程品質(zhì)控制 IQC: Incomming Quality Control 來(lái)料品質(zhì)控制

ISO: International Organization for Standardization 國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)組織

Law of large number 大數(shù)法則 Link 連接

LCL: Lower Control limit 管制下限 LQC: Line Quality Control 生產(chǎn)線品質(zhì)控制 LSL: Lower Size Limit 規(guī)格下限 Machine 機(jī)械 Manage 管理 Materials 物料 Measurement 量測(cè) Median 中位數(shù) Miss feed 漏送

Module,sub-system,sub-unit 單位 Momentum 原動(dòng)力

Monte garlo method 原子核分裂熱運(yùn)動(dòng)法

MSA: Measurement System Analysis 量測(cè)系統(tǒng)分析 Multiplication rule 乘法運(yùn)算規(guī)則 NIST 美國(guó):標(biāo)準(zhǔn)技術(shù)院 Normal 常態(tài)分布 Occurrence 發(fā)生率 On.off system 開,關(guān)系統(tǒng)

Operation Instruction 作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書 Organization 組織 Parameter 參數(shù) Parto 柏拉圖 Parts 零件

Parts per million 不良率 Passive 消極的,被動(dòng)的 Plan 計(jì)劃 Pulse 脈沖 Policy 方針 Population 群體 Power 力量,能源

PQA: Process Quality Assurance 制程品質(zhì)保證 Practice 實(shí)務(wù) Precision 精密度

preemptive 先占式多任務(wù) Pressure 壓縮 Prevention 預(yù)防 Probability 機(jī)率

Probability density function 機(jī)率密度函數(shù) Procedure 流程 Process 過程

Process capability analysis 制程能力分析圖

Process control and process capability 制程管制與制程能力 Producer’s risk 生產(chǎn)者之風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Product 產(chǎn)品 Production 生產(chǎn) Program 方案 Projects 項(xiàng)目

QA: Quality Assurance 品質(zhì)保證 QC: Quality Control 品質(zhì)控制 QE: Quality Engineering 品質(zhì)工程

QFD: Quality Function Desgin 品質(zhì)機(jī)能展開 Quality 質(zhì)量

Quality manual 品質(zhì)手冊(cè) Quality policy 品質(zhì)政策 Random experiment 隨機(jī)試驗(yàn) Random numbers 隨機(jī)數(shù) Range 全距 Record 記錄 Reflow 回流 Reject 拒收 Repair 返修

Repeatusility 再現(xiàn)性 Reproducibility 再生性 Requirement 要求 Residual 誤差 Response 響應(yīng) Responsibilities 職責(zé) Review 評(píng)審 Reword 返工 Robustness 穩(wěn)健性 Rolled yield 直通率

RPN: Risk Priority Number 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)系數(shù) sample 抽樣,樣本 Sample space 樣本空間

Sampling with replacement 放回抽樣 Sampling without peplacement 不放回抽樣 Scatter diagram 散布圖分析 Scrap 報(bào)廢 Screw 螺旋

Severity 嚴(yán)重度

Shot-peening 微粒沖擊平面法

Simple random sampling 簡(jiǎn)單隨機(jī)取樣 Size 規(guī)格

SL: Size Line 規(guī)格中心線 Slip 滑動(dòng)

Stratified random sampling 分層隨機(jī)抽樣 SOP: Standard Operation Procedure 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)作業(yè)書 SPC: Statistical Process Control 統(tǒng)計(jì)制程管制 Special cause 特殊原因 Specification 規(guī)范

SQA: Source(Supplier)Quality Assurance 供貨商品質(zhì)保證Stage sampling 分段隨機(jī)抽樣 Standard Deviation 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差 Sum of squares 統(tǒng)計(jì)表 supplier平方和 System 供方

systematic sampling 系統(tǒng),體系 Statistical tables 系統(tǒng)抽樣 Taguchi-method 田口方法 Technical committees 技術(shù)委員會(huì) Test piece 測(cè)試片 Theory 原理

Time stamp 時(shí)間戳印 Time-lag 延遲 Title 標(biāo)題 Torque 轉(zhuǎn)矩 Total 求和

TQC: Total Quality Control 全面品質(zhì)控制 TQM: Total Quality Management 全面品質(zhì)管理 Traceablity 追溯 Training 培訓(xùn)

Transaction processing and logging 交易處理 Trouble 困擾 Up and down 上和下

UCL: Upper Control Limit 管制上限 USL: Upper Size Limit 規(guī)格上限 Validation 確認(rèn) Variable 計(jì)量值 Variance 變異和 Vector 向量 Verification 驗(yàn)證 Version 版本

VOC: voice of Customer 客戶需求 VOE: Voice of Engineer 工程需求

質(zhì)量相關(guān)術(shù)語(yǔ)英中文對(duì)照

IQC: incomming quality control 進(jìn)料檢驗(yàn)LQC: line quality control 生產(chǎn)線品質(zhì)控制IPQC: inprocess quality control 制程品質(zhì)控制FQC: final quality control 最終品質(zhì)控制OQC: outgoing quality control 出貨品質(zhì)控制PQA: process quality control 制程品質(zhì)保證FQA: final quality assurance 最終品質(zhì)保證

SQA: source(supplier)quality assurance 供應(yīng)商品質(zhì)保證DAS: defect analysis system 缺陷分析系統(tǒng)DCC: document control center 文控中心QCC: quality control circle 品管圈

QA: quality assurance OR quality audit 品質(zhì)保證 品質(zhì)稽核QC: quality control 品質(zhì)控制QE: quality engineering 品質(zhì)工程TRAINING: 培訓(xùn)ZD: zero defect 零缺陷

FMEA: failure mode and effects analysis 潛在缺陷模式和影響 分析

FMA: failure mode analysis 故障模式分析FEA: failure effect analysis 故障效應(yīng)分析FCA: failure criticality analysis 故障危害度分析FA: failure analysis 壞品分析 CS: customer service 客戶服務(wù)

CPI: continuous process improvement 連續(xù)工序改善DOE: design of experiment 實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)SQC: statistical quality control 統(tǒng)計(jì)品質(zhì)控制TQC: total quality control 全面品質(zhì)控制

CWQC: company-wide quality control 全公司品質(zhì)管理GWQC: group-wide quality control 全集團(tuán)品質(zhì)管理PDCA: plan do check action 計(jì)劃 執(zhí)行 檢查 矯正AQL: acceptable quality level 允收水準(zhǔn)(接收質(zhì)量限)SOP: standard operation procedure 操作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)SIP: standard inspection procedure 檢驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)IE: industrial research 工業(yè)工程MR: method research 方法研究OR: operation research 工作研究VE: value engineering 價(jià)值工程

5W2H: what 做什么？有必要嗎？ Why 為什么要做？目的在 哪里？where 哪里做？沒有更合適的地方嗎？When 何時(shí)做？時(shí)間是否合適？Who 誰(shuí)做？有沒有更合適的人？How 如何 做？有沒有更好的方法？how much 需要的成本如何？4M1E: manpower 人員method 方法machine 機(jī)器material物料environment 環(huán)境

第二篇：測(cè)量學(xué)名詞中英文對(duì)照

測(cè)繪學(xué)名詞(中英對(duì)照)

01.001 測(cè)繪學(xué) surveying and mapping, SM

01.002 中華人民共和國(guó)測(cè)繪法 Law of Surveying and Mapping of the People's Republic of China

01.003 測(cè)繪標(biāo)準(zhǔn) standards of surveying and mapping

01.004 測(cè)量規(guī)范 specifications of surveys

01.005 地形圖圖式 topographic map symbols

01.006 大地測(cè)量學(xué) geodesy

01.007 地球形狀 earth shape, figure of the earth

01.008 重力基準(zhǔn)網(wǎng) gravity standard network

01.009 重力場(chǎng)gravity field

01.010 地心坐標(biāo)系 geocentric coordinate system

01.011 地球橢球 earth ellipsoid

01.012 大地原點(diǎn) geodetic origin

01.013 水準(zhǔn)原點(diǎn) leveling origin

01.014 測(cè)量標(biāo)志survey mark

01.015 測(cè)量覘標(biāo)observation target

01.016 高程基準(zhǔn)height datum

01.017 1954年北京坐標(biāo)系 Beijing geodetic coordinate system195401.018高程系統(tǒng)height system

01.019平均海[體]面mean sea level

01.020黃海平均海[水]面Huanghai mean sea level01.021海拔height above sea level

01.022海軍導(dǎo)航衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)Navy Navigation Satellite System，NNSS01.023NAVSTAR全球定位系統(tǒng)NAVSTAR Global Positioning System，NAVSTAR GPS

01.024 慣性測(cè)量系統(tǒng)inertial surveying system，ISS

01.025 攝影測(cè)量與遙感學(xué)photogrammetry and remote sensing01.026 航空攝影測(cè)量aerophotogrammetry, aerial photogrammetry01.027 航天攝影測(cè)量（又稱“太空攝影測(cè)量”）space photogrammetry01.028 非地形攝影測(cè)量non-topographic photogrammetry01.029 水下攝影測(cè)量underwater photogrammetry

01.030 航空航天攝影aero—space photogrammetry01.031 航空遙感aerial remote sensing

01.032 航天遙感space remote sensing

01.033 圖像image

01.034 影像image, imagery

01.035 圖形Graphics

01.036判讀（又稱“判釋”、“解譯”）interpretation01.037 模擬攝影測(cè)量analog photogrammetry

01.038 解析攝影測(cè)量analytical photogrammetry, numerical photogrammetry

01.039數(shù)字?jǐn)z影測(cè)量digital photogrammetry

01.040數(shù)字地圖模型（又稱“數(shù)值地型”）digital terrain model, DTM01.041 遙感圖象處理image processing of remote sensing

01.042 遙感模式識(shí)別pattern recognition of remote sensing01.043 地圖制圖學(xué)（又稱“地圖學(xué)”）cartography

01.044 地理坐標(biāo)網(wǎng)geographic graticule

01.045 經(jīng)緯網(wǎng)fictitious graticule

01.046 方里網(wǎng)kilometer grid

01.047 鄰帶方里網(wǎng)grid of neighboring zone

01.048 坐標(biāo)格網(wǎng)coordinate grid

01.049 地理坐標(biāo)參考系geographical reference system，GEOREF01.050 地圖map

01.051 地形圖topographic map

01.052平面圖plan

01.053 普通地圖general map

01.054 專題地圖thematic map

01.055 地圖集atlas

01.056 地球儀globe

01.057 地圖規(guī)范map specifications

01.058 地圖生產(chǎn)map production

01.059 地圖投影map projection

01.060 地圖編制（又稱“編圖”）map compilation

01.061 地圖復(fù)制map reproduction

01.062 地圖印刷map printing

01.063 地圖利用map use

01.064 地圖量算cartometry

01.065 機(jī)助地圖制圖 computer-aided cartography，computer-assisted cartography, CAC

01.066 自動(dòng)化制圖automatic cartography

01.067 自動(dòng)繪圖automatic plotting

01.068 圖形顯示graphic display

01.069 遙感制圖remote sensing mapping

01.070 地名學(xué)toponomastics, toponymy

01.071 地名geographical name, place name

01.072 工程測(cè)量學(xué)engineering surveying

01.073 比例尺scale

01.074 基本比例尺basic scale

01.075 等高線contour

01.076 等高距contour interval

01.077 測(cè)量平差survey adjustment，adjustment of observations01.078 精度估計(jì)precision estimation

01.079 精［密］度precision

01.080 準(zhǔn)確度accuracy

01.081 偶然誤差accident error

01.082 系統(tǒng)誤差systematic error

01.083 粗差gross error

01.084 常差constant error

01.085 多余觀測(cè)redundant observation

01.086 閉合差closing error, closure

01.087 限差tolerance

01.088 相對(duì)誤差relative error

01.089 絕對(duì)誤差absolute error

01.090 中誤差mean square error

01.091 誤差橢圓error ellipse

01.092 邊長(zhǎng)中誤差mean square error of side length

01.093 測(cè)角中誤差mean square error of angle observation

01.094 方位角中誤差mean square error of azimuth

01.095 坐標(biāo)中誤差mean square error of coordinate

01.096 點(diǎn)位中誤差mean square error of a point

01.097 高程中誤差mean square error of height

01.098 國(guó)土基礎(chǔ)信息系統(tǒng)land base information system

01.099 大地控制數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)geodetic data base

01.100 重力數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)gravimetric data base

01.101 地形數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)topographic data base

01.102 地理信息系統(tǒng)geographical information system，GIS

01.103 地圖數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)map data base

01.104 地圖數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng) cartographic data base management system01.105 地名數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)place-name data base

01.106 地籍信息系統(tǒng)cadastral information system

01.107 土地信息系統(tǒng)land information system，LIS

01.108 制圖專家系統(tǒng)cartographic expert system

01.109 海洋測(cè)繪hydrographic surveying and charting

01.110 測(cè)繪儀器instrument of surveying and mapping

01.111 大地測(cè)量?jī)x器geodetic instrument

01.112 測(cè)距儀distance measuring instrument，rangefinder

01.113 重力儀gravimeter

01.114 定位系統(tǒng)positioning system

01.115 攝影測(cè)量?jī)x器photogrammetric instrument

01.116 立體測(cè)圖儀stereoplotter

01.117 數(shù)字?jǐn)z影測(cè)量工作站 digital photogrammetric station

01.118 全數(shù)字化自測(cè)圖系統(tǒng) full digital automatic mapping system01.119 圖形輸入設(shè)備graphic input unit

01.120 圖形輸出設(shè)備graphic output unit

01.121 中國(guó)測(cè)繪學(xué)會(huì)Chinese Society of Surveying and Mapping，CSSM01.122 國(guó)際測(cè)繪聯(lián)合會(huì)International Union of Surveying and Mapping，IUSM

01.123 國(guó)際測(cè)量師聯(lián)合會(huì)Federation Internationale des Geometres，F(xiàn)IG（法語(yǔ)）

01.124 國(guó)際大地測(cè)量學(xué)與地球物理學(xué)International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics，IUGG

01.125 國(guó)際大地測(cè)量學(xué)協(xié)會(huì)International Association of Geodesy IAG01.126 國(guó)際攝影測(cè)量與遙感學(xué)會(huì) International Society for

Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing，ISPRS

01.127 國(guó)際地圖學(xué)協(xié)會(huì)International Cartographic Association，ICA01.128國(guó)際海道測(cè)量組織International Hydrography Organization, IHO

第三篇：財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)名詞中英文對(duì)照

財(cái)會(huì)名詞漢英對(duì)照表（1）會(huì)計(jì)與會(huì)計(jì)理論

會(huì)計(jì)accounting

決策人 Decision Maker

投資人 Investor

股東 Shareholder

債權(quán)人 Creditor

財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì) Financial Accounting

管理會(huì)計(jì) Management Accounting

成本會(huì)計(jì) Cost Accounting

私業(yè)會(huì)計(jì) Private Accounting

公眾會(huì)計(jì) Public Accounting 注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師 CPA Certified Public Accountant

國(guó)際會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則委員會(huì) IASC

美國(guó)注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師協(xié)會(huì) AICPA

財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則委員會(huì) FASB

管理會(huì)計(jì)協(xié)會(huì) IMA 美國(guó)會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)會(huì) AAA

稅務(wù)稽核署 IRS

獨(dú)資企業(yè) Proprietorship

合伙人企業(yè) Partnership

公司 Corporation

會(huì)計(jì)目標(biāo) Accounting Objectives

會(huì)計(jì)假設(shè) Accounting Assumptions 會(huì)計(jì)要素 Accounting Elements

會(huì)計(jì)原則 Accounting Principles

會(huì)計(jì)實(shí)務(wù)過程 Accounting Procedures

財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表 Financial Statements 財(cái)務(wù)分析 Financial Analysis

會(huì)計(jì)主體假設(shè) Separate-entity Assumption 貨幣計(jì)量假設(shè) Unit-of-measure Assumption 持續(xù)經(jīng)營(yíng)假設(shè) Continuity(Going-concern)Assumption 會(huì)計(jì)分期假設(shè) Time-period Assumption

資產(chǎn) Asset

負(fù)債 Liability

業(yè)主權(quán)益 Owner's Equity 收入 Revenue

費(fèi)用 Expense

收益 Income

虧損 Loss

歷史成本原則 Cost Principle

收入實(shí)現(xiàn)原則 Revenue Principle

配比原則 Matching Principle

全面披露原則 Full-disclosure(Reporting)principle

客觀性原則 Objective Principle

一致性原則 Consistent Principle

可比性原則 Comparability Principle 重大性原則 Materiality Principle

穩(wěn)健性原則 Conservatism Principle 權(quán)責(zé)發(fā)生制 Accrual Basis

現(xiàn)金收付制 Cash Basis 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告 Financial Report

流動(dòng)資產(chǎn) Current assets 流動(dòng)負(fù)債 Current Liabilities

長(zhǎng)期負(fù)債 Long-term Liabilities 投入資本 Contributed Capital

留存收益 Retained Earning（2）會(huì)計(jì)循環(huán)

會(huì)計(jì)循環(huán)Accounting Procedure/Cycle

會(huì)計(jì)信息系統(tǒng) Accounting information System 賬戶 Ledger

會(huì)計(jì)科目 Account

會(huì)計(jì)分錄Journal entry

原始憑證 Source Document

日記賬 Journal

總分類賬 General Ledger

明細(xì)分類賬 Subsidiary Ledger 試算平衡 Trial Balance

現(xiàn)金收款日記賬 Cash receipt journal

現(xiàn)金付款日記賬 Cash disbursements journal

銷售日記賬 Sales Journal

購(gòu)貨日記賬 Purchase Journal

普通日記賬 General Journal

工作底稿 Worksheet 調(diào)整分錄 Adjusting entries

結(jié)賬 Closing entries（3）現(xiàn)金與應(yīng)收賬款

現(xiàn)金 Cash

銀行存款Cash in bank

庫(kù)存現(xiàn)金 Cash in hand

流動(dòng)資產(chǎn) Current assets

償債基金 Sinking fund

定額備用金 Imprest petty cash

支票 Check(cheque)銀行對(duì)賬單 Bank statement

銀行存款調(diào)節(jié)表 Bank reconciliation statement 在途存款 Outstanding deposit

在途支票 Outstanding check 應(yīng)付憑單 Vouchers payable

應(yīng)收賬款 Account receivable 應(yīng)收票據(jù) Note receivable

起運(yùn)點(diǎn)交貨價(jià) F.O.B shippi

ng point 目的地交貨價(jià) F.O.B destination point

商業(yè)折扣 Trade discount

現(xiàn)金折扣 Cash discount

銷售退回及折讓 Sales return and allowance

壞賬費(fèi)用 Bad debt expense

備抵法 Allowance method

備抵壞賬 Bad debt allowance 損益表法 Income statement approach 資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表法 Balance sheet approach 賬齡分析法 Aging analysis method

直接沖銷法 Direct write-off method 帶息票據(jù) Interest bearing note

不帶息票據(jù) Non-interest bearing note 出票人 Maker

受款人 Payee

本金 Principal

利息率Interest rate 到期日 Maturity date

本票 Promissory note

貼現(xiàn)Discount 背書 Endorse

拒付費(fèi) Protest fee（4）存貨

存貨 Inventory

商品存貨 Merchandise inventory

產(chǎn)成品存貨 Finished goods inventory 在產(chǎn)品存貨 Work in process inventory

原材料存貨 Raw materials inventory 起運(yùn)地離岸價(jià)格 F.O.B shipping point

目的地抵岸價(jià)格 F.O.B destination 寄銷 Consignment

寄銷人 Consignor

承銷人Consignee 定期盤存 Periodic inventory

永續(xù)盤存 Perpetual inventory 購(gòu)貨 Purchase

購(gòu)貨折讓和折扣 Purchase allowance and discounts 存貨盈余或短缺 Inventory overages and shortages 分批認(rèn)定法 Specific identification

加權(quán)平均法 Weighted average 先進(jìn)先出法 First-in, first-out or FIFO

后進(jìn)先出法 Lost-in, first-out or LIFO

移動(dòng)平均法 Moving average

成本或市價(jià)孰低法 Lower of cost or market or LCM 市價(jià) Market value

重置成本 Replacement cost

可變現(xiàn)凈值 Net realizable value 上限 Upper limit

下限 Lower limit

毛利法Gross margi

n method 零售價(jià)格法 Retail method

成本率 Cost ratio（5）長(zhǎng)期投資

長(zhǎng)期投資 Long-term investment

長(zhǎng)期股票投資Investment on stocks 長(zhǎng)期債券投資 Investment on bonds

成本法 Cost method

權(quán)益法 Equity method 合并法 Consolidation method

股利宣布日 Declaration date

股權(quán)登記日 Date of record

除息日 Ex-dividend date

付息日 Payment date

債券面值 Face value, Par value 債券折價(jià) Discount on bonds

債券溢價(jià) Premium on bonds

票面利率 Contract interest rate, stated rate

市場(chǎng)利率 Market interest ratio, Effective rate 普通股 Common Stock

優(yōu)先股 Preferred Stock 現(xiàn)金股利 Cash dividends 股票股利 Stock dividends

清算股利 Liquidating dividends

到期日 Maturity date 到期值 Maturity value

直線攤銷法 Straight-Line method of amortization 實(shí)際利息攤銷法 Effective-interest method of amortization（6）固定資產(chǎn)

固定資產(chǎn) Plant assets or Fixed assets

原值Original value

預(yù)計(jì)使用年限 Expected useful life 預(yù)計(jì)殘值 Estimated residual value

折舊費(fèi)用 Depreciation expense

累計(jì)折舊 Accumulated depreciation

賬面價(jià)值 Carrying value

應(yīng)提折舊成本 Depreciation cost

凈值 Net value

在建工程 Construction-in-process

磨損 Wear and tear

過時(shí) Obsolescence

直線法 Straight-line method(SL)工作量法 Units-of-production method(UOP)

加速折舊法 Accelerated depreciation method 雙倍余額遞減法 Double-declining balance method(DDB)年數(shù)總和法 Sum-of-the-years-digits method(SYD)以舊換新 Trade in

經(jīng)營(yíng)租賃 Operating lease

融資租賃 Capital lease

廉價(jià)購(gòu)買權(quán) Bargain purchase option(BPO)

資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表外籌資 Off-balance-sheet financing 最低租賃付款額 Minimum lease payments（7）無(wú)形資產(chǎn)

無(wú)形資產(chǎn) Intangible assets

專利權(quán) Patents

商標(biāo)權(quán) Trademarks, Trade names

著作權(quán) Copyrights

特許權(quán)或?qū)I(yíng)權(quán) Franchises

商譽(yù) Goodwill

開辦費(fèi) Organization cost 租賃權(quán) Leasehold

攤銷 Amortization（8）流動(dòng)負(fù)債

負(fù)債Liability

流動(dòng)負(fù)債 Current liability

應(yīng)付賬款 Account payable 應(yīng)付票據(jù) Notes payable

貼現(xiàn)票據(jù) Discount notes 長(zhǎng)期負(fù)債一年內(nèi)到期部分 Current maturities of long-term liabilities 應(yīng)付股利 Dividends payable

預(yù)收蘇益 Prepayments by customers 存入保證金 Refundable deposits

應(yīng)付費(fèi)用 Accrual expense

增值稅 Value added tax

營(yíng)業(yè)稅 Business tax

應(yīng)付所得稅 Income tax payable

應(yīng)付獎(jiǎng)金 Bonuses payable 產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量擔(dān)保負(fù)債 Estimated liabilities under product warranties 贈(zèng)品和兌換券 Premiums, coupons and trading stamps 或有事項(xiàng) Contingency

或有負(fù)債 Contingent

或有損失 Loss contingencies 或有利得 Gain contingencies

永久性差異 Permanent difference 時(shí)間性差異 Timing difference

應(yīng)付稅款法 Taxes payable method 納稅影響會(huì)計(jì)法 Tax effect accounting method 遞延所得稅負(fù)債法 Deferred income tax liability method（9）長(zhǎng)期負(fù)債

長(zhǎng)期負(fù)債 Long-term Liabilities

應(yīng)付公司債券 Bonds payable

有擔(dān)保品的公司債券 Secured Bonds 抵押公司債券 Mortgage Bonds

保證公司債券 Guaranteed Bonds 信用公司債券 Debenture Bonds

一次還本公司債券 Term Bonds 分期還本公司債券 Serial Bonds

可轉(zhuǎn)換公司債券 Convertible Bonds 可贖回公司債券 Callable Bonds

可要求公司債券 Redeemable Bonds 記名公司債券 Registered Bonds

無(wú)記名公司債券 Coupon Bonds 普通公司債券 Ordinary Bonds

收益公司債券 Income Bonds 名義利率，票面利率 Nominal rate

實(shí)際利率 Actual rate 有效利率 Effective rate

溢價(jià) Premium

折價(jià) Discount 面值 Par value

直線法 Straight-line method

實(shí)際利率法 Effective interest method 到期直接償付 Repayment at maturity

提前償付 Repayment at advance 償債基金 Sinking fund

長(zhǎng)期應(yīng)付票據(jù) Long-term notes payable 抵押借款 Mortgage loan（10）業(yè)主權(quán)益

權(quán)益 Equity

業(yè)主權(quán)益Owner's equity

股東權(quán)益 Stockholder's equity

投入資本 Contributed capital

繳入資本 Paid-in capital

股本 Capital stock 資本公積 Capital surplus

留存收益 Retained earnings

核定股本 Authorized capital stock

實(shí)收資本 Issued capital stock

發(fā)行在外股本 Outstanding capital stock

庫(kù)藏股 Treasury stock

普通股 Common stock

優(yōu)先股 Preferred stock 累積優(yōu)先股 Cumulative preferred stock

非累積優(yōu)先股 Noncumulative preferred stock 完全參加優(yōu)先股 Fully participating preferred stock 部分參加優(yōu)先股 Partially participating preferred stock 非部分參加優(yōu)先股 Nonpartially participating preferred stock 現(xiàn)金發(fā)行 Issuance for cash

非現(xiàn)金發(fā)行 Issuance for noncash consideration 股票的合并發(fā)行 Lump-sum sales of stock

發(fā)行成本 Issua

nce cost 成本法 Cost method

面值法 Par value method

捐贈(zèng)資本 Donated capital

盈余分配 Distribution of earnings

股利 Dividend

股利政策 Dividend policy 宣布日 Date of declaration

股權(quán)登記日 Date of record

除息日 Ex-dividend date 股利支付日 Date of payment

現(xiàn)金股利 Cash dividend

股票股利 Stock dividend

撥款 appropriation（11）財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表

財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表 Financial Statement

資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表Balance Sheet

收益表 Income Statement

賬戶式 Account Form

報(bào)告式 Report Form

編制（報(bào)表）Prepare 工作底稿 Worksheet

多步式 Multi-step

單步式Single-step（12）財(cái)務(wù)狀況變動(dòng)表

財(cái)務(wù)狀況變動(dòng)表中的現(xiàn)金基礎(chǔ) SCFP.Cash Basis（現(xiàn)金流量表）

財(cái)務(wù)狀況變動(dòng)表中的營(yíng)運(yùn)資金基礎(chǔ) SCFP.Working Capital Basis（資金來(lái)源與運(yùn)用表）

營(yíng)運(yùn)資金 Working Capital

全部資源概念 All-resources concept 直接交換業(yè)務(wù) Direct exchanges

正常營(yíng)業(yè)活動(dòng) Normal operating activities 財(cái)務(wù)活動(dòng) Financing activities

投資活動(dòng) Investing activities（13）財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表分析

財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表分析 Analysis of financial statements

比較財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表 Comparative financial statements 趨勢(shì)百分比 Trend percentage

比率 Ratios

普通股每股收益 Earnings per share of common stock

股利收益率 Dividend yield ratio

價(jià)益比 Price-earnings ratio

普通股每股賬面價(jià)值 Book value per share of common stock 資本報(bào)酬率 Return on investment

總資產(chǎn)報(bào)酬率 Return on total asset 債券收益率 Yield rate on bonds

已獲利息倍數(shù) Number of times interest earned 債券比率 Debt ratio

優(yōu)先股收益率 Yield rate on preferred stock

營(yíng)運(yùn)資本 Working Capital

周轉(zhuǎn) Turnover

存貨周轉(zhuǎn)率 Inventory turnover 應(yīng)收賬款周轉(zhuǎn)率 Accounts receivable turnover

流動(dòng)比率 Current ratio

速動(dòng)比率 Quick ratio 酸性試驗(yàn)比率 Acid test ratio（14）合并財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表

合并財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表 Consolidated financial statements

吸收合并 Merger

創(chuàng)立合并 Consolidation

ompany

附屬公司 Subsidiary company

rest 權(quán)益聯(lián)營(yíng)合并 Pooling of interest

by purchase 權(quán)益法 Equity method

d

控股公司 Parent c少數(shù)股權(quán) Minority inte購(gòu)買合并 Combination

成本法 Cost metho

第四篇：物流常用名詞中英文對(duì)照

物流常用名詞中英文對(duì)照

alternate tiers row pattern交錯(cuò)碼放AGV無(wú)人搬運(yùn)車anchoring膨脹螺絲

AS/RS(Automatic Storage Retrieval System)自動(dòng)存取機(jī)/系統(tǒng) 自動(dòng)存取倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng) 自動(dòng)倉(cāng)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)

assembly packaging集合包裝average inventory平均存貨battery電瓶beam橫撐，橫梁belt conveyor皮帶式輸送機(jī)（帶）block pattern row pattern整齊碼放bonded warehouse國(guó)際物流中心保稅倉(cāng)庫(kù)brick pattern砌磚式碼放

buffer stock 緩沖儲(chǔ)備cantilever shalving懸臂架cargo freight貨物carrying搬運(yùn)

chain conveyor鏈條式輸送機(jī)（帶）charger充電機(jī)

cold chain system冷凍鏈系統(tǒng)common carrier 公共承運(yùn)人consolidation裝運(yùn)整合container terminal集裝箱中轉(zhuǎn)站contract carrier 契約承運(yùn)人contract logistics契約物流

counterbalance truck

平衡式電動(dòng)(柴油、電動(dòng)、瓦斯)堆高機(jī)cycle inventory

周期存貨delivery配送depalletizer托盤拆垛機(jī)devanning拆箱

diagonal bracing斜撐dock leveller月臺(tái)調(diào)整板dock shelter

月臺(tái)門封(充氣式,非充氣式)double-deep pallet racking雙層深式重型物料鋼架drive-in pallet racking直入式重型物料鋼架dry cargo干貨dunnage填充

electronic data interchange電子資料交換EDI

export processing zone加工出口區(qū)fill rate

供應(yīng)比率

floor utilization percentage地面面積利用率flow(dynamic)racking重型流力架

flow(dynamic)rack shelving 輕型(料盒、紙箱)流力架forklift truck 叉車

four-way reach truck四向式電動(dòng)堆高機(jī)frame 支柱組frame feet腳底板frame joint柱連桿freight container貨物集裝箱general cargo一般貨物hand pallet truck油壓拖板車horizontal bracing橫撐industrial door 工業(yè)門industrial vehicle工業(yè)車輛

intermodal transportation

復(fù)合一貫運(yùn)輸lashing捆扎加固levelling plate墊片LGV

激光引導(dǎo)無(wú)人搬運(yùn)車 load efficient裝載效率

loading and unloading 裝卸

logistical utilities物流效用logistics物流

materials handling物料搬運(yùn)mezzanines floor 積層架mini-load AS/RS料盒式自動(dòng)倉(cāng)庫(kù)系統(tǒng) mobile dock leveller月臺(tái)橋板mobile shelving移動(dòng)柜net unit load size 凈單元貨載尺寸operation area 理貨區(qū)

order picking truck電動(dòng)揀料車order picking指令揀選

order shipped complete訂貨完成率packaged cargo包裝貨物

packaging包裝pallet

托盤，(木質(zhì))棧板pallet container棧板籠架pallet pool system通用托盤系統(tǒng)pallet racking傳統(tǒng)式重型物料鋼架

palletization托盤化palletizer托盤堆垛機(jī)palletizing pattern托盤裝載方式pick up貨物聚集picking揀貨，揀選作業(yè)

pictorial marking for handling貨運(yùn)標(biāo)識(shí)pinwheel pattern針輪式碼放plan view size平面尺寸plastic bin物料盒plastic pallet塑膠棧板platform

物流容器，站臺(tái)，月臺(tái)physical distribution model物流標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

powered pallet truck電動(dòng)拖板車powered stacker自走式電動(dòng)堆高機(jī)push-back pallet racking后推式重型物料鋼架rack 貨架rack notice標(biāo)示牌reach truck前伸式電動(dòng)堆高機(jī)returnable container通用容器roll container

籠車

roller conveyor滾筒式輸送機(jī)（帶）safety pin插銷safety stock安全儲(chǔ)備scrubber洗地機(jī)shed

臨時(shí)周轉(zhuǎn)倉(cāng)庫(kù)shelving輕量型物料鋼架shuttle car梭車slat conveyor條板式輸送機(jī)（帶）slotted-angle shelving角鋼架sorting分類special cargo特殊貨物spot stock現(xiàn)場(chǎng)儲(chǔ)備stacker crane自動(dòng)存取機(jī)高架吊車stacking堆垛

stockout frequency缺貨頻率storage存儲(chǔ)support bar跨梁

surface utilization percentage表面利用率sweeper掃地機(jī)table trolley物流臺(tái)車third part logistics第三方物流

third party logistics service provider第三方物流服務(wù)商transit inventory中轉(zhuǎn)存貨transportation運(yùn)輸

transportation package size by modular coordination 運(yùn)輸包裝系列尺寸tray conveyor盤式輸送機(jī)（帶）truck terminal卡車貨運(yùn)站turntable

轉(zhuǎn)盤(變更輸送方向)unit load

單元貨載unit load system單元貨載系統(tǒng)upright支柱

upright protctors護(hù)腳

value added network—VAN加值網(wǎng)絡(luò)vanning裝箱

vertical conveyor垂直輸送機(jī)

very narrow aisle truck窄巷道電動(dòng)堆高機(jī)warehouse倉(cāng)庫(kù)

WCS(Warehouse Control System)倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)控制系統(tǒng)

WMS(Warehouse Management System)倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)管理系統(tǒng)

第五篇：心理學(xué)名詞中英文對(duì)照（推薦）

教育碩士備考之心理學(xué)名詞中英文對(duì)照

感覺記憶（SM）—sensory memory短期記憶（STM）—short-term M.長(zhǎng)期記憶（LTM）—long-term memory復(fù)誦---rehearsal

預(yù)示(激發(fā))----priming童年失憶癥---childhoodamnesia 視覺編碼（表征）---visual code(representation)聽覺編碼—acoustic code

運(yùn)作記憶---working memory語(yǔ)意性知識(shí)—semantic knowledge 記憶掃瞄程序—memory scanning procedure竭盡式掃瞄程序-exhaustive S.P.自我終止式掃瞄—self-terminated scanning程序性知識(shí)—procedural knowledge 命題（陳述）性知識(shí)--propositional（declarative）knowledge

情節(jié)（軼事）性知識(shí)—episodic K.訊息處理深度—depth of processing 精致化處理—elaboration登錄特殊性—coding specificity 記憶術(shù)—mnemonic位置記憶法—method of loci

字鉤法—peg word（線）探索（測(cè)）(激發(fā))字—prime 關(guān)鍵詞---key word命題思考----propositional thought心像思考---imaginal thought行動(dòng)思考---motoric thought

概念---concept

原型----prototype屬性----property特征---feature

范例策略--exemplar strategy語(yǔ)言相對(duì)性（假說(shuō)）—linguistic relativity th.音素---phoneme詞素---morpheme

(字詞的)外延與內(nèi)涵意義—denotative & connotative meaning

（句子的）表層與深層結(jié)構(gòu)—surface & deep structure

語(yǔ)意分析法---semantic differential全句語(yǔ)言—holophrastic speech 過度延伸---over-extension電報(bào)式語(yǔ)言—telegraphic speech 關(guān)鍵期----critical period差異減縮法---differencereduction 方法目的分析---means-ends analysis倒推---working backward

動(dòng)機(jī)---------motive自由意志------free will

決定論------determinism本能-----------instinct

種屬特有行為-----species specific驅(qū)力----drive

誘因------incentive驅(qū)力減低說(shuō)---drive reduction theory

恒定狀態(tài)（作用）—homeostasis原級(jí)與次級(jí)動(dòng)機(jī)—primary & secondary M.功能獨(dú)立—functional autonomy下視丘側(cè)部（LH）—lateral hypothalamus 脂肪細(xì)胞說(shuō)----fat-cell theory下視丘腹中部（VMH）—ventromedial H 定點(diǎn)論---set point theory.CCK───膽囊調(diào)節(jié)激素

第一性征---primary sex characteristic第二性征---secondary sex characteristic 自我效能期望—self-efficiency expectancy內(nèi)在（發(fā)）動(dòng)機(jī)—intrinsic motive 外在（衍）動(dòng)機(jī)—extrinsic motive成就需求---N.achievement

需求層級(jí)—hierarchy of needs自我實(shí)現(xiàn)---self actualization

沖突----conflict多項(xiàng)儀---polygraph

膚電反應(yīng)----------GSR(認(rèn)知)評(píng)估---(cognitive appraisal臉部回饋假說(shuō)---facial feedback hypothesis(生理)激發(fā)----arousal

挫折-攻擊假說(shuō)---frustration-aggression hypothesis 替代學(xué)習(xí)----vicarious learning

發(fā)展------development先天-----nature

后天-----nurture成熟-------maturation

(視覺)偏好法-----preferential method

習(xí)慣法-----habituation視覺懸崖-----visual cliff

剝奪或豐富(環(huán)境)---deprivation or enrichment of env.基模----schema

同化----assimilation調(diào)適-----accommodation

平衡----equilibrium傳承---generativity

感覺動(dòng)作期----sensorimotor stage物體永久性----objective permanence 運(yùn)思前期----preoperational st.保留概念----conservation

道德現(xiàn)實(shí)主義---moral realism具體運(yùn)思期-----concrete operational 形式運(yùn)思期----formal operational st.前俗例道德---pre-conventional moral 俗例道德----conventional moral超俗例道德----post-conventional moral 氣質(zhì)----temperament依附---attachment

性別認(rèn)定---gender identity性別配合----sex typing

性蕾期---phallic stage性別恒定----gender constancy 戀親沖突—Oedipal conflict認(rèn)同-----identification

社會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)----social learning情結(jié)---complex

青年期----adolescence青春期---puberty

第二性征---secondary sex characteristics認(rèn)同危機(jī)---identity crisis

定向統(tǒng)合---identity achievement早閉型統(tǒng)合---foreclosure

未定型統(tǒng)合---moratorium迷失型統(tǒng)合---identity diffusion 心理動(dòng)力------psycho-dynamics心理分析------psychoanalysis

行為論-------behaviorism心理生物觀---psycho-biological perspective 認(rèn)知---------cognition臨床心理學(xué)家-clinical psychologist 諮商--------counseling人因工程-------human factor engineering 組織--------organization潛意識(shí)---------unconsciousness

完形心理學(xué)---Gestalt psychology感覺------------sensation

知覺--------perception實(shí)驗(yàn)法--------experimental method 獨(dú)變項(xiàng)-------independent variable依變項(xiàng)--------dependent V.控制變項(xiàng)------control V.生理------------physiology

條件化---------conditioning學(xué)習(xí)------------learning

比較心理學(xué)---comparative psy.發(fā)展-------------development

社會(huì)心理學(xué)---social psy.人格--------------personality

心理計(jì)量學(xué)—psychometrics受試(者)---------subject

實(shí)驗(yàn)者預(yù)期效應(yīng)—experimenter expectancy effect

雙盲法-----double—blind實(shí)地實(shí)驗(yàn)--------field experiment 相關(guān)-----------correlation調(diào)查-------------survey

訪談-----------interview個(gè)案研究-------case study

觀察-----------observation心理測(cè)驗(yàn)-------psychological test 紋理遞變度-----texture gradient注意------------attention

物體的組群---grouping of object型態(tài)辨識(shí)—pattern recognition

形象-背景----figure-ground接近律--------proximity

相似律--------similarity閉合律-------closure

連續(xù)律--------continuity對(duì)稱律-------symmetry

錯(cuò)覺-----------illusion幻覺----------delusion

恒常性--------constancy大小----------size

形狀-----------shape位置----------location

單眼線索-----monocular cue線性透視----linear-perspective 雙眼線索-----binocular cue深度---------depth

調(diào)節(jié)作用-----accommodation重迭----superposition

雙眼融合-----binocular fusion輻輳作用-----convergence

雙眼像差-----binocular disparity向度---------dimension

自動(dòng)效應(yīng)-----auto-kineticeffect運(yùn)動(dòng)視差-----motion parallax

誘發(fā)運(yùn)動(dòng)----inducedmotion閃光運(yùn)動(dòng)-----stroboscopic motion 上下文﹑脈絡(luò)-context人工智能------artificial intelligence A.I.脈絡(luò)關(guān)系作用-context effect模板匹配------template matching 整合分析法---analysis-by-synthesis豐富性---------redundancy

選擇性---------selective無(wú)意識(shí)的推論-unconscious inferences 運(yùn)動(dòng)后效---motion aftereffect特征偵測(cè)器—feature detector

激發(fā)性---excitatory抑制性----inhibitory

幾何子---geons由上而下處理—up-down process 由下而上處理---bottom-up process連結(jié)者模式---connectionist model 聯(lián)結(jié)失識(shí)癥---associative agnosia臉孔辨識(shí)困難癥---prosopagnosia

意識(shí)--conscious（ness）識(shí)改變狀態(tài)---altered states of consciousness 無(wú)意識(shí)----unconsciousness前意識(shí)---------preconsciousness 內(nèi)省法---introspection邊緣注意---peripheralattention 多重人格-----multiple personality

午餐排隊(duì)(雞尾酒會(huì))效應(yīng)—lunch line(cocktail party)effect

自動(dòng)化歷程----automatic process

解離----dissociate解離認(rèn)同失常----dissociative identity disorder 快速眼動(dòng)睡眠----REM dream非快速眼動(dòng)睡眠—NREM dream

神志清醒的夢(mèng)----lucid dreaming失眠---insomnia

顯性與隱性夢(mèng)---manifest & latern content心理活動(dòng)性psychoactive

冥想------meditation抗藥性----tolerance戒斷----withdrawal 感覺剝奪---sensory deprivation物質(zhì)濫用----substance abuse

成癮--------physical addiction物質(zhì)依賴----sub.dependence

戒斷癥狀----withdrawal symptom興奮劑--stimulant

幻覺（迷幻）劑----hallucinogen鎮(zhèn)定劑---sedative﹐

抑制劑—depressant酒精中毒引起譫妄—delirium tremens 麻醉劑---narcotic催眠----hypnosis

催眠后暗示----posthypnotic suggestion催眠后失憶 posthypnotic amnesia 超心理學(xué)---parapsychology超感知覺extrasensory perception ESP 心電感應(yīng)---telepathy超感視---clairvoyance 預(yù)知---precognition 心理動(dòng)力—psycokinesis PK受納器-----receptor

絕對(duì)閾----absolute threshold差異閾----------difference threshold

恰辨差--------JND

韋伯律---------Weber's law心理物理-----psychophysical

費(fèi)雪納定律---Fechner's law頻率-----frequency

振幅----------amplitude音頻-------pitch

基音----------fundamental tone倍音-----overtone

和諧音-------harmonic音色------timbre

白色噪音----white noise鼓膜-----eardrum

耳蝸----------cochlea卵形窗—oval window

圓形窗-------round window前庭-----vestibular sacs

半規(guī)管-------semicircular canals角膜-------cornea

水晶體-------lens虹膜------------iris

瞳孔----------pupil網(wǎng)膜---------retina

睫狀肌-------ciliary muscle調(diào)節(jié)作用---accommodation

脊髓---------spinal cord反射弧--------reflex arc

腦干---------brain stem計(jì)算機(jī)軸性線斷層掃描--CAT 或CT PET---正子放射斷層攝影MRI-----磁共振顯影

延腦----medulla橋腦-----pons小腦----cerebellum

網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)---reticular formationRAS----網(wǎng)狀活化系統(tǒng)

視丘----thalamus下視丘----hypothalamus

大腦----cerebrum腦（下）垂體（腺）—pituitary gland 腦半球---cerebral hemisphere皮質(zhì)---cortex

胼胝體----corpus callosum邊緣系統(tǒng)------limbic system

海馬體----hippocampus杏仁核--------amygdala

中央溝---central fissure側(cè)溝-----------lateral fissure

腦葉------lobe同卵雙生子----identical twins 異卵雙生子—fraternal twins

古典制約--classical conditioning操作制約---operant conditioning 非制約刺激—(USunconditioned stimulus非制約反應(yīng)—(UR)unconditioned R.制約刺激---(CS)conditioned S.制約反應(yīng)----(CR)conditioned R.習(xí)(獲)得-----acquisition增強(qiáng)作用------reinforcement

消除(弱)------extinction自(發(fā)性)然恢復(fù)----spontaneous recovery 前行制約—forward conditioning同時(shí)制約--simultaneous conditioning 回溯制約---backward cond.痕跡制約——trace conditioning

延宕制約—delay conditioning類化(梯度)---generalization(gradient)區(qū)辨------discrimination(次級(jí))增強(qiáng)物-------(secondary)reinforcer 嫌惡刺激---aversive stimulus試誤學(xué)習(xí)---trial and error learning

效果率-----law of effect正(負(fù))性增強(qiáng)物—positive(negative)rei.行為塑造—behavior shaping循序漸進(jìn)-----successive approximation 自行塑造—autoshaping部分(連續(xù))增強(qiáng)—partial(continuous)R 定比(時(shí))時(shí)制—fixed ratio(interval)schedule FR或FI

變化比率(時(shí)距)時(shí)制—variable ratio(interval)scheduleVR或VI

逃離反應(yīng)---escape R.回避反應(yīng)—avoidance response習(xí)得無(wú)助----learned helplessness頓悟--------insight

學(xué)習(xí)心向—learning set隱內(nèi)(潛在)學(xué)習(xí)---latent learning 認(rèn)知地圖---cognitive map生理回饋------biofeedback

敏感遞減法-systematic desensitization普里邁克原則—Premack's principle 洪水法----flooding觀察學(xué)習(xí)----observational learning 動(dòng)物行為學(xué)----ethology敏感化—sensitization

習(xí)慣化---habituation)聯(lián)結(jié)---association

認(rèn)知學(xué)習(xí)----cognitional L.觀察學(xué)習(xí)---observational L.登錄﹑編碼----encoding保留﹑儲(chǔ)存-----retention 提取------retrieval回憶----(freerecall

全現(xiàn)心像﹑照相式記憶---eidetic imagery﹑photographic memory

舌尖現(xiàn)象（TOT）—tip of tongue再認(rèn)----recognition

再學(xué)習(xí)--------relearning節(jié)省分?jǐn)?shù)----savings

外顯與內(nèi)隱記憶--explicit & implicitmemory

記憶廣度---memory span組集--chunk

序列位置效應(yīng)---serial position effect起始效應(yīng)---primacy effect 新近效應(yīng)-----recency effect凝固理論—consolidation

心(情)境依賴學(xué)習(xí)---state-dependent L.無(wú)意義音節(jié)—nonsense syllable 順向干擾---proactive interference逆向干擾---retroactive interference 閃光燈記憶---flashbulb memory動(dòng)機(jī)性遺忘----motivated forgetting 器質(zhì)性失憶癥—organic amnesia阿茲海默癥---Alzheimer“s disease近事（順向）失憶癥—anterograde amnesia舊事（逆向）失憶—retrograde A.高沙可夫癥候群—korsakoff”s syndrome