第一篇：馬丁路德金演講賞析

馬丁·路德·金--《我有一個夢想》賞析

最近，我在受老師上課的影響下細讀了一篇演說稿，題目是《我有一個夢想》，讓我感觸非常深。《我有一個夢想》是1963年8月8日在美國第16屆總統林肯紀念堂前舉行《黑人解放宣言》100周年紀念活動時基督教牧師馬丁路德金作的長篇演說，主要揭露了白人對黑人的殘酷迫害，表達了對自由和幸福的渴望以及正義奮斗到底的決心。而這篇演講也影響了一代有理想的年輕人。

《我有一個夢想》是一篇演講稿，文中運用了許多的排比句，主要講了黑人以及作者對自由的渴望，也揭示了黑人在白人心中的地位，讀了這篇演講稿我覺得，我們不應該因為別人的膚色、地位、家境就改變對他們的態度、看法，因為人人生而平等，沒有高低貴賤之分，即使你出生再一個富裕的家庭也不代表你比人家高，因為你現在的富裕不是你的，而是他人努力的成果，只有通過自己的努力得來的，才是自己的，而出生的窮困人，也不用為了自己的身世而自卑，雖然你的家庭是窮困的，但是你可以通過自己的努力來改變現狀。我希望以后我們可以生活在一個不是以人們的膚色、身份、地位，而是以我們的品格優劣來評價我們的國度里生活。

人人生而平等。

這樣震撼人心，激勵斗志，充分論理，洋溢熱情，堅定信念，邏輯嚴密的演講很少見。不論從思想性和藝術性上都可稱得上極品。他的演講，揭露問題一針見血，毫不隱晦，明明白白。這篇演講稿里，每一個字都流露出馬丁·路德·金對黑人自由的渴望；每一個字都流露出馬丁·路德·金對奴隸主與奴隸能在同一片藍天下生活的期望；每一個字都流露出馬丁·路德·金對黑人與白人情同骨肉攜手并進的希望。

馬丁·路德·金的演講稿《我有一個夢想》讓我體會到了當時美國政府對黑人的不平等待遇。他那激情的演講震撼了一個又一個的白人與黑人；那鏗鏘有力的聲音喚醒了人們那沉睡多年的良心；那一浪接一浪的掌聲給人們留下了永不磨滅的回憶。

馬丁·路德·金的《我有一個夢想》這個演講，不但給了人們永不磨滅的回憶，還讓人們發現了自己對黑人的不公。現在，在去美國，再也不會看見白人對黑人投去蔑視的眼神了，真正地達到了馬丁·路德·金所希望的那樣“昔日奴隸的兒子將能夠和昔日奴隸主的兒子坐在一起，共敘兄弟情誼。”世界又變成了和平的時期。

首先本文擬將從文學體的角度，對于馬丁·路德·金所作的演講進行分析。通過這種分析來描寫馬丁·路德·金在演講中的語言特點，以便更深刻得理解該演講文體及其深層含義。

1.語域分析

任何語言使用都受到語域因素的影響，不同語域的語言使用也呈現著不用的規律和特點，馬丁·路德·金的演講也是。著名語言學家韓禮德（Halliday）把語域理論分為：語場，語旨和語式。語場是指語篇所涉及的社會活動或實際發生的事；語旨是指交際活動所涉及的人和他們之間的關系；語式是指語篇的載體形式即語言交際的渠道或媒介。

從整個語篇來看，該篇演講沒有很生僻，也沒有特別長的單詞，基本上都是日常生活中人們常見常用常聽到的詞匯。從語旨上來分析，馬丁·路德·金面對的聽眾是黑人群體和一些民眾，他們文化程度、知識背景不一，首先就要使所有的聽眾都聽得懂他的演講，因此，金用民眾易于理解的詞匯能夠傳遞更多的信息。

從語場上來講，該演講的主題是有關黑人爭取平等權利，取得真正的自由。因此，馬丁·路德·金的演講圍繞這一主題展，那么出現在語篇當中的高頻詞匯就得與上述主題有明顯的關聯。我做了一個簡單統計，發現其中Freedom（自由）出現20次，Justice（公平）出現11次，Right（權利）出現7次。由此看來，馬丁·路德·金緊扣主題，一方面突出重點的目的，起到強調的作用；另一方面，表現了實現愿望的感情之強烈。

2.情態動詞分析

語旨的變化主要表現在對人際意義的不同選擇上。在詞匯層面上，主要體現在語氣，情態動詞詞匯的不用選擇上。情態系統是表達說話者對事物的判斷和評價的系統。金運用了不同的情態動詞來實現他的不同人際意義。比如，原文中Will出現26次，Can和Must都出現8次。通過預測推斷，有了這些信念，我們可以改變現狀。Will表示將會，Can表示可以，能夠，Must表達必須，義務的意思，從內容上看，無一不是一再的激起聽眾的熱血，像他們傳達著自由終會實現，大家終會解放的涵義。從語氣上來看，也是遞進的關系，這些情態動詞的穿插使用更加堅定了廣大黑人聽眾的信念，振奮精神。

《我有一個夢想》的作者馬丁·路德·金生于1929年，是美國著名的黑人民權領袖。1948年大學畢業。1963年晉見了肯尼迪總統，要求通過新的民權法，給黑人以平等的權利。1963年8月28日在林肯紀念堂前發表《我有一個夢想》的演說。1946年獲得諾貝爾和平獎。1968年4月，馬丁·路德·金前往孟菲斯市領導工人罷工時被人謀殺，年僅39歲。1986年起美國政府將每年1月的第三個星期一定為馬丁·路德·金全國紀念日。

馬丁·路德·金用他犀利的言辭和有針對性的話語擲地有聲地指出一百年前的偉大的林肯總統簽署了解放黑奴宣言，那莊嚴的宣言猶如燈塔的光芒，給千百萬在那摧殘生命的不義之火中受煎熬的黑奴帶來希望。

但在一百多年后的今天，黑人依然沒有得到自由，在種族隔離的腳銬和種族歧視的枷鎖下，黑人的生活依然受壓迫，黑人仍生活在物質充裕的海洋中的一個窮困的“小島”，黑人仍然萎縮在美國社會的角落。

美利堅合眾國的締造者在草擬憲法和獨立宣言時曾向每一個美國人許下諾言，承諾給予所有人以生存、自由和追求幸福的權力。可如今，美國顯然沒有實踐她的諾言，只是給黑人一張說是可以給予黑人寶貴的自由和正義的保障的空頭支票，支票上蓋著“資金不足”的戳子便退了回來。沒錯，如今黑人的生活雖已普遍改善，但黑人遭受極不公正，不公正待遇的事件仍層出不窮。黑人雖已迎來了新生活，但舊思想，舊觀念還是在少數白人的腦海里揮之不去，深入骨髓。

演講還提醒如果美國忽視時間的迫切性和低估黑人的決心，那么這對美國將是致命傷。自由和平等的涼爽秋天如不到來，黑人義憤填膺的酷暑就不會過去。一九六三年并不意味著斗爭的結束，而是開始。黑人得不到公民的權利，美國就不可能有安寧或平靜，正義的光明的一天不到來，叛亂旋風就將繼續動搖這個國家的基礎。

最后他還提到希望：我們讓自由之聲響起來，讓自由之聲從每一個大小村莊、每一個州和每一個城市響起來時，我們將能夠加速這一天的到來。那時，上帝的所有兒女：黑人和白人、猶太教徒和非猶太教徒、耶穌教徒和天主教徒，都將手牽手合唱一首古老的黑人靈歌：“終于自由啦！終于自由啦！感謝全能的上帝，我們終于自由啦！”

馬丁·路德·金用他的夢想給黑人勾畫出美麗的藍圖，也給他們一個等待的理由。他的演講獲得熱烈的擁護，也給他帶來崇高聲譽。全文思路明晰，富有邏輯性，不僅體現了作者的才情，更展現了作者高尚的追求和不屈的奮斗精神。馬丁·路德·金通過他的努力，終于在他逝世40年后的今天實現了他的夢想：美國歷史上有了第一位黑人總統奧巴馬。而當年對黑人歧視很嚴重的密西西比州，亞拉巴馬州，南卡羅來納州，佐治亞州，路易斯安那州，如今也得到了很大的改善。

馬丁·路德·金通過努力，使他的夢想已經不只是個夢想，而是實現。

第二篇：馬丁路德金演講

馬丁路德金演講

篇一：馬丁·路德金演講稿：《我有一個夢想》 馬丁·路德·金 簡介 馬丁·路德·金（英語：Martin Luther King, Jr.，1929年1月15日－1968年4月4日），著名的美國民權運動領袖。1948年大學畢業。1948年到1951年間，在美國東海岸的費城繼續深造。1963年，馬丁·路德·金晉見了肯尼迪總統，要求通過新的民權法，給黑人以平等的權利。1963年8月28日在林肯紀念堂前發表《我有一個夢想》的演說。1964諾貝爾和平獎獲得者。1968年4月，馬丁·路德·金前往孟菲斯市領導工人罷工被人刺殺，年僅39歲。1986年起美國政府將每年1月的第三個星期一定為馬丁路德金全國紀念日。1929年1月15日，小馬丁·路德·金出生在美國亞特蘭大市奧本街501號，一幢維多利亞式的小樓里。他的父親是牧師，母親是教師。他從母親那里學會了怎樣去愛、同情和理解他人；從父親那里學到了果敢、堅強、率直和坦誠。但他在黑人區生活，也感受到人格的尊嚴和作為黑人的痛苦。15歲時，聰穎好學的金以優異成績進入摩爾豪斯學院攻讀社會學，后獲得文學學士學位。盡管美國戰后經濟發展很快，強大的政治、軍事力量使它登上了“自由世界”盟主的交椅。可國內黑人卻在經濟和政治上受到歧視與壓迫。面對丑惡的現實，金立志為爭取社會平等與正義作一名牧師。他先后就讀于克拉澤神學院和波士頓大學，于1955年獲神學博士學位后，到亞拉巴馬州蒙哥馬利市得克斯基督教浸禮會教堂作牧師。1955年12月，蒙哥馬利節警察當局以違反公共汽車座位隔離條令為由，逮捕了黑人婦女羅莎·帕克斯。金遂同幾位黑人積極分子組織起

“蒙哥馬利市政改進協會”，號召全市近5萬名黑人對公共法與公司進行長達1年的抵制，迫使法院判決取消地方運輸工具上的座位隔離。這是美國南部黑人第一次以自己的力量取得斗爭勝利，從而揭開了持續10余年的民權運動的序幕，也使金博士鍛煉成民權運動的領袖。1968年4月4日，金被種族分子暗殺。美國政府規定，從1986年起，每年1月的第3個星期一為小馬丁·路德·金全國紀念日。篇二：馬丁路德金_我有一個夢想(中英文)演講稿 今天，我高興地同大家一起，參加這次將成為我國歷史上為了爭取自由而舉行的最偉大的示威集會。100年前，一位偉大的美國人--今天我們就站在他象征性的身影下--簽署了《解放宣言》。這項重要法令的頒布，對于千百萬灼烤于非正義殘焰中的黑奴，猶如帶來希望之光的碩大燈塔，恰似結束漫漫長夜禁錮的歡暢黎明。然而，100年后，黑人依然沒有獲得自由。100年后，黑人依然悲慘地蹣跚于種族隔離和種族歧視的枷鎖之下。100年后，黑人依然生活在物質繁榮翰海的貧困孤島上。100年后，黑人依然在美國社會中間向隅而泣，依然感到自己在國土家園中流離漂泊。所以，我們今天來到這里，要把這駭人聽聞的情況公諸于眾。從某種意義上說，我們來到國家的首都是為了兌現一張支票。我們共和國的締造者在擬寫憲法和獨立宣言的輝煌篇章時，就簽署了一張每一個美國人都能繼承的期票。這張期票向所有人承諾--不論白人還是黑人--都享有不可讓渡的生存權、自由權和追求幸福權。然而，今天美國顯然對她的有色公民拖欠著這張期票。美國沒有承兌這筆神圣的債務，而是開始給黑人一張空頭支票--一張蓋著“資金不足”的印戳被退回的支票。但是，我們決不相信正義的銀行會破產。我們決不相信這個國家巨大的機會寶庫會資金不足。因此，我們來兌現這張支票。這張支票將給我們以寶貴的自由和正義的保障。我們來到這塊圣地還為了提醒美國：現在正是萬分緊急的時刻。現在不是從容不迫悠然行事或服用漸進主義鎮靜劑的時候。現在是實現民主諾言的時候。現在是走出幽暗荒涼的種族隔離深谷，踏上種族平等的陽關大道的時候。現在是使我們國家走出種族不平等的流沙，踏上充滿手足之情的磐石的時候。現在是使上帝所有孩子真正享有公正的時候。忽視這一時刻的緊迫性，對于國家將會是致命的。自由平等的朗朗秋日不到來，黑人順情合理哀怨的酷暑就不會過去。1963年不是一個結束，而是一個開端。如果國家依然我行我素，那些希望黑人只需出出氣就會心滿意足的人將大失所望。在黑人得到公民權之前，美國既不會安寧，也不會平靜。反抗的旋風將繼續震撼我們國家的基石，直至光輝燦爛的正義之日來臨。但是，對于站在通向正義之宮艱險門檻上的人們，有一些話我必須要說。在我們爭取合法地位的過程中，切不要錯誤行事導致犯罪。我們切不要吞飲仇恨辛酸的苦酒，來解除對于自由的飲渴。我們應該永遠得體地、紀律嚴明地進行斗爭。我們不能容許我們富有創造性的抗議淪為暴力行動。我們應該不斷升華到用靈魂力量對付肉體力量的崇高境界。席卷黑人社會的新的奇跡般的戰斗精神，不應導致我們對所有白人的不信任--因為許多白人兄弟已經認識到：他們的命運同我們的命運緊密相連，他們的自由同我們的自由休戚相關。他們今天來到這里參加集會就是明證。我們不能單獨行動。當我們行動時，我們必須保證勇往直前。我們不能后退。有人問熱心民權運動的人：“你們什么時候會感到滿意？”只要黑人依然是不堪形容的警察暴行恐怖的犧牲品，我們就決不會滿意。只要我們在旅途勞頓后，卻被公路旁汽車游客旅社和城市旅館拒之門外，我們就決不會滿意。只要黑人的基本活動范圍只限于從狹小的黑人居住區到較大的黑人居住區，我們就決不會滿意。只要我們的孩子被“僅供白人”的牌子剝奪個性，損毀尊嚴，我們就決不會滿意。只要密西西比州的黑人不能參加選舉，紐約州的黑人認為他們與選舉毫不相干，我們就決不會滿意。不，不，我們不會滿意，直至公正似水奔流，正義如泉噴涌。我并非沒有注意到你們有些人歷盡艱難困苦來到這里。你們有些人剛剛走出狹小的牢房。有些人來自因追求自由而遭受迫害風暴襲擊和警察暴虐狂飆摧殘的地區。你們飽經風霜，歷盡苦難。繼續努力吧，要相信：無辜受苦終得拯救。回到密西西比去吧；回到亞拉巴馬去吧；回到南卡羅來納去吧；回到佐治亞去吧；回到路易斯安那去吧；回到我們北方城市中的貧民窟和黑人居住區去吧。要知道，這種情況能夠而且將會改變。我們切不要在絕望的深淵里沉淪。朋友們，今天我要對你們說，盡管眼下困難重重，但我依然懷有一個夢。這個夢深深植根于美國夢之中。我夢想有一天，這個國家將會奮起，實現其立國信條的真諦：“我們認為這些真理不言而喻：人人生而平等。” 我夢想有一天，在佐治亞州的紅色山崗上，昔日奴隸的兒子能夠同昔日奴隸主的兒子同席而坐，親如手足。我夢想有一天，甚至連密西西比州--一個非正義和壓迫的熱浪逼人的荒漠之州，也會改造成為自由和公正的青青綠洲。我夢想有一天，我的四個小女兒將生活在一個不是以皮膚的顏色，而是以品格的優劣作為評判標準的國家里。我今天懷有一個夢。我夢想有一天，亞拉巴馬州會有所改變--盡管該州州長現在仍滔滔不絕地說什么要對聯邦法令提出異議和拒絕執行--在那里，黑人兒童能夠和白人兒童兄弟姐妹般地攜手并行。我今天懷有一個夢。我夢想有一天，深谷彌合，高山夷平，歧路化坦途，曲徑成通衢，上帝的光華再現，普天下生靈共謁。這是我們的希望。這是我將帶回南方去的信念。有了這個信念，我們就能從絕望之山開采出希望之石。有了這個信念，我們就能把這個國家的嘈雜刺耳的爭吵聲，變為充滿手足之情的悅耳交響曲。有了這個信念，我們就能一同工作，一同祈禱，一同斗爭，一同入獄，一同維護自由，因為我們知道，我們終有一天會獲得自由。到了這一天，上帝的所有孩子都能以新的含義高唱這首歌： 我的祖國，可愛的自由之邦，我為您歌唱。這是我祖先終老的地方，這是早期移民自豪的地方，讓自由之聲，響徹每一座山崗。如果美國要成為偉大的國家，這一點必須實現。因此，讓自由之聲響徹新罕布什爾州的巍峨 高峰！讓自由之聲響徹紐約州的崇山峻嶺！讓自由之聲響徹賓夕法尼亞州的阿勒格尼高峰！讓自由之聲響徹科羅拉多州冰雪皚皚的洛基山！讓自由之聲響徹加利福尼亞州的婀娜群峰！不，不僅如此；讓自由之聲響徹佐治亞州的石山！讓自由之聲響徹田納西州的望山！讓自由之聲響徹密西西比州的一座座山峰，一個個土丘！讓自由之聲響徹每一個山崗！當我們讓自由之聲轟響，當我們讓自由之聲響徹每一個大村小莊，每一個州府城鎮，我們就能加速這一天的到來。那時，上帝的所有孩子，黑人和白人，猶太教徒和非猶太教徒，耶穌教徒和天主教徒，將能攜手同唱那首古老的黑人靈歌：“終于自由了！終于自由了！感謝全能的上帝，我們終于自由了！” I have a Dream by Martin Luther King, Jr.Delivered on the steps at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C.on August 28, 1963 Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand signed the Emancipation Proclamation.This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice.It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of captivity.But one hundred years later, we must face the tragic fact that the Negro is still not free.One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination.One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity.One hundred years later, the Negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land.So we have come here today to dramatize an appalling condition.In a sense we have come to our nation's capital to cash a check.When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir.This note was a promise that all men would be guaranteed the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned.Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check which has come back marked “insufficient funds.” But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt.We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation.So we have come to cash this check--a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice.We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of now.This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism.Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice.Now is the time to open the doors of opportunity to all of God's children.Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood.It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment and to underestimate the determination of the Negro.This sweltering summer of the Negro's legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality.Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning.Those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual.There will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights.The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.But there is something that I must say to my people who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice.In the process of gaining our rightful place we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds.Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred.We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline.We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence.Again and again we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force.The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny and their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom.We cannot walk alone.And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall march ahead.We cannot turn back.There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, “When will you be satisfied?” We can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities.We cannot be satisfied as long as the Negro's basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one.We can never be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote.No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream.I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations.Some of you have come fresh from narrow cells.Some of you have come from areas where your quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality.You have been the veterans of creative suffering.Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive.Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed.Let us not wallow in the valley of despair.I say to you today, my friends, that in spite of the difficulties and frustrations of the moment, I still have a dream.It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: “We hold these truths to be self-evident;that all men are created equal.” I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slaveowners will be able to sit down together at a table of brotherhood.I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a desert state sweltering with the heat of injustice and oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.I have a dream today.I have a dream that one day the state of Alabama, whose governor's lips are presently dripping with the words of interposition and nullification, will be transformed into a situation where little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls and walk together as sisters and brothers.I have a dream today.I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.This is our hope.This is the faith with which I return to the South.With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope.With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood.With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.This will be the day when all of God's children will be able to sing with a new meaning 篇三：馬丁路德金簡介和我有一個夢想英漢互譯演講稿以及演講背景 1929年1月15日，小馬丁·路德·金出生在美國亞特蘭大市奧本街501號，一幢維多利亞式的小樓里。他的父親是牧師，母親是教師。他從母親那里學會了怎樣去愛、同情和理解他人；從父親那里學到了果敢、堅強、率直和坦誠。但他在黑人區生活，也感受到人格的尊嚴和作為黑人的痛苦。15歲時，聰穎好學的金以優異成績進入摩爾豪斯學院攻讀社會學，后獲得文學學士學位。盡管美國戰后經濟發展很快，強大的政治、軍事力量使它登上了“自由世界”盟主的交椅。可國內黑人卻在經濟和政治上受到歧視與壓迫。面對丑惡的現實，金立志為爭取社會平等與正義作一名牧師。他先后就讀于克拉澤神學院和波士頓大學，于1955年獲神學博士學位后，到亞拉巴馬州蒙哥馬利市得克斯基督教浸禮會教堂作牧師。1955年12月，蒙哥馬利節警察當局以違反公共汽車座位隔離條令為由，逮捕了黑人婦女羅莎·帕克斯。金遂同幾位黑人積極分子組織起“蒙哥馬利市政改進協會”，號召全市近5萬名黑人對公共法與公司進行長達1年的抵制，迫使法院判決取消地方運輸工具上的座位隔離。這是美國南部黑人第一次以自己的力量取得斗爭勝利，從而揭開了持續10余年的民權運動的序幕，也使金博士鍛煉成民權運動的領袖。1968年4月4日，金被種族分子暗殺。美國政府規定，從1986年起，每年1月的第3個星期一為小馬丁·路德·金全國紀念日。關于非暴力主張 伴隨著種族主義長大的馬丁·路德·金，深受種族主義的傷害，所以他積極參加反對種族隔離制度的斗爭。但他主張的卻是非暴力的斗爭，而這種斗爭方式的確是有思想原因的。他受甘地主義和基督教教義影響很深，是一位典型的和平主義者。他強調在爭取黑人自由平等權利的斗爭中，不應干違法的事，不能讓“創造性的抗議墮落成為暴力行為”，必須要有“用精神力量對付武力”的崇高境界。這里的精神力量在他看來，就是要以基督教宣傳的“博愛”、“仁慈”來感化黑人的敵人并使之放下屠刀。1 金之所以有這種思想與其青年時的學習有直接關系的。他在賓夕法尼亞的克羅澤學院學習時，利用業余時間，閱讀了著名的神學著作——人們寫的關于信仰的書，還有哲學著作——關于生活方式的書。這些書的思想給其留下了深刻的印象，并最終用于實踐。但使馬丁·路德·金最為激動的則是圣雄甘地的思想。甘地的非暴力，或稱精神力量的哲學是印度人民對抗英帝國主義政治、軍事力量的精神支柱。印度人民不斷舉行示威游行，反對外國政治的統治，無論這樣統治是否出于善意。也無論是否正確，他們要自己來做出決定。甘地說雖然他們必須準備好為取得獨立而犧牲自己的生命，他們也決不可為此而進行殺戮——不管受到多么粗暴的對待。馬丁開始相信在印度能取得勝利，在美國也可以。他用自己的行動領導了一場聲勢浩大的以非暴力為原則的民權運動。本次演講背景 50年代的美國南部，好像一座對付“解放了的”黑人的監獄。而阿拉巴馬州又是種族歧視最為猖獗的一個州，在這里，黑人的選舉權力受到野蠻剝奪和限制，駭人聽聞的迫害黑人的私刑暴行不斷發生，種族隔離制度使黑人不能與白人同校，不能在同一個教堂做禮拜，不準進入為白人開設的旅館、客棧、飯館和娛樂場所，連公共汽車站上也樹立了柵欄，規定白人黑人分別上車。年輕的伴隨著種族主義歧視長大的黑人牧師馬丁·路德·金到任不久，便參加并領導了1955年蒙哥馬利市黑人抵制乘坐公共汽車的反種族歧視運動，最終迫使美國最高法院作出取消這種制度的決定。1963年他組織的伯明翰黑人爭取自由平等權利的大規模游行示威，把黑人運動從南方推向北方。8月28日，斗爭達到高潮。25萬人聚集首都華盛頓，以和平集會方式舉行“自由進軍”的示威，就在林肯紀念堂前，馬丁·路德·金向示威群眾發表了這篇激動人心的演說。在演講中，表達了他的非暴力主義思想以及他對自由平等公正的追求與憧憬。馬丁路德金演講稿I have a dream I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.今天，我高興地同大家一起，參加這次將成為我國歷史上為了爭取自由而舉行的最偉大的示威集會。Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation.This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice.It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.2 100年前，一位偉大的美國人——今天我們就站在他象征性的身影下——簽署了《解放宣言》。這項重要法令的頒布，對于千百萬灼烤于非正義殘焰中的黑奴，猶如帶來希望之光的碩大燈塔，恰似結束漫漫長夜禁錮的歡暢黎明。But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free.One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination.One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity.One hundred years later, the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land.And so we've come here today to dramatize a shameful condition.然而，100年后，黑人依然沒有獲得自由。100年后，黑人依然悲慘地蹣跚于種族隔離和種族歧視的枷鎖之下。100年后，黑人依然生活在物質繁榮翰海的貧困孤島上。100年后，黑人依然在美國社會中間向隅而泣，依然感到自己在國土家園中流離漂泊。所以，我們今天來到這里，要把這駭人聽聞的情況公諸于眾。In a sense we've come to our nation's capital to cash a check.When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir.This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the “unalienable Rights” of “Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.” It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note, insofar as her citizens of color are concerned.Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked “insufficient funds.” 從某種意義上說，我們來到國家的首都是為了兌現一張支票。我們共和國的締造者在擬寫憲法和獨立宣言的輝煌篇章時，就簽署了一張每一個美國人都能繼承的期票。這張期票向所有人承諾——不論白人還是黑人——都享有不可讓渡的生存權、自由權和追求幸福權。然而，今天美國顯然對她的有色公民拖欠著這張期票。美國沒有承兌這筆神圣的債務，而是開始給黑人一張空頭支票——一張蓋著“資金不足”的印戳被退回的支票。But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt.We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation.And so, we've come to cash this check, a 3 check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice.但是，我們決不相信正義的銀行會破產。我們決不相信這個國家巨大的機會寶庫會資金不足。因此，我們來兌現這張支票。這張支票將給我們以寶貴的自由和正義的保障。We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of Now.This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism.Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy.Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice.Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood.Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God's children.我們來到這塊圣地還為了提醒美國：現在正是萬分緊急的時刻。現在不是從容不迫悠然行事或服用漸進主義鎮靜劑的時候。現在是實現民主諾言的時候。現在是走出幽暗荒涼的種族隔離深谷，踏上種族平等的陽關大道的時候。現在是使我們國家走出種族不平等的流沙，踏上充滿手足之情的磐石的時候。現在是使上帝所有孩子真正享有公正的時候。It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment.This sweltering summer of the Negro's legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality.Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning.And those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual.And there will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights.忽視這一時刻的緊迫性，對于國家將會是致命的。自由平等的朗朗秋日不到來，黑人順情合理哀怨的酷暑就不會過去。1963年不是一個結束，而是一個開端。如果國家依然我行我素，那些希望黑人只需出出氣就會心滿意足的人將大失所望。在黑人得到公民權之前，美國既不會安寧，也不會平靜。The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.反抗的旋風將繼續震撼我們國家的基石，直至光輝燦爛的正義之日來臨。But there is something that I must say to my people, who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice: In the process of gaining our rightful place, we must not be guilty of wrongful 4 deeds.Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred.We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline.We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence.Again and again, we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force.但是，對于站在通向正義之宮艱險門檻上的人們，有一些話我必須要說。在我們爭取合法地位的過程中，切不要錯誤行事導致犯罪。我們切不要吞飲仇恨辛酸的苦酒，來解除對于自由的飲渴。我們應該永遠得體地、紀律嚴明地進行斗爭。我們不能容許我們富有創造性的抗議淪為暴力行動。我們應該不斷升華到用靈魂力量對付肉體力量的崇高境界。

The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to a distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny.And they have come to realize that their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom.席卷黑人社會的新的奇跡般的戰斗精神，不應導致我們對所有白人的不信任——因為許多白人兄弟已經認識到：他們的命運同我們的命運緊密相連，他們的自由同我們的自由休戚相關。他們今天來到這里參加集會就是明證。We cannot walk alone.我們不能單獨行動。And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall always march ahead.當我們行動時，我們必須保證勇往直前。We cannot turn back.我們不能后退。There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, “When will you be satisfied?” We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality.We can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities.We cannot be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote.No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until “justice rolls down like waters, and righteousness like a mighty stream.” 5

第三篇：馬丁路德金演講

I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation.This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice.It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free.One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination.One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity.One hundred years later, the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land.And so we've come here today to dramatize a shameful condition.In a sense we've come to our nation's capital to cash a check.When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir.This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the “unalienable Rights” of “Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.” It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note, insofar as her citizens of color are concerned.Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked “insufficient funds.”

But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt.We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation.And so, we've come to cash this check, a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice.We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of Now.This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism.Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy.Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice.Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood.Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God's children.It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment.This sweltering summer of the Negro's legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality.Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning.And those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual.And there will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights.The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.But there is something that I must say to my people, who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice: In the process of gaining our rightful place, we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds.Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred.We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline.We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence.Again and again, we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force.The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to a distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny.And they have come to realize that their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom.We cannot walk alone.And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall always march ahead.We cannot turn back.There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, “When will you be satisfied?” We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality.We can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities.We cannot be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote.No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until “justice rolls down like waters, and righteousness like a mighty stream.”

I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations.Some of you have come fresh from narrow jail cells.And some of you have come from areas where your quest--quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality.You have been the veterans of creative suffering.Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive.Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to South Carolina, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed.Let us not wallow in the valley of despair, I say to you today, my friends.And so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream.It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.”

I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.I have a dream today!

I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of “interposition” and “nullification”--one day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.I have a dream today!

I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, and every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight;“and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together.”?

This is our hope, and this is the faith that I go back to the South with.With this faith, we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope.With this faith, we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood.With this faith, we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.And this will be the day--this will be the day when all of God's children will be able to sing with new meaning:

My country 'tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing.Land where my fathers died, land of the Pilgrim's pride，From every mountainside, let freedom ring!

And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true.And so let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire.Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York.Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of

Pennsylvania.Let freedom ring from the snow-capped Rockies of Colorado.Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California.But not only that:

Let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia.Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee.Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi.From every mountainside, let freedom ring.And when this happens, when we allow freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual:

Free at last!free at last!

Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!

第四篇：馬丁路德金演講

Have a Dream by Martin Luther King, Jr.I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation.This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice.It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free.One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination.One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity.One hundred years later, the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land.And so we've come here today to dramatize a shameful condition.In a sense we've come to our nation's capital to cash a check.When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir.This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the “unalienable Rights” of “Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.” It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note, insofar as her citizens of color are concerned.Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked “insufficient funds.”

But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt.We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation.And so, we've come to cash this check, a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice.We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of Now.This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism.Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy.Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice.Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood.Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God's children.It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment.This sweltering summer of the Negro's legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality.Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning.And those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual.And there will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights.The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.But there is something that I must say to my people, who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice: In the process of gaining our rightful place, we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds.Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred.We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline.We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence.Again and again, we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force.The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to a distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny.And they have come to realize that their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom.We cannot walk alone.And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall always march ahead.We cannot turn back.There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, “When will you be satisfied?” We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality.We can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities.We cannot be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote.No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until “justice rolls down like waters, and righteousness like a mighty stream.”

I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations.Some of you have come fresh from narrow jail cells.And some of you have come from areas where your quest--quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality.You have been the veterans of creative suffering.Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive.Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to South Carolina, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed.Let us not wallow in the valley of despair, I say to you today, my friends.And so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream.It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.”

I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.I have a dream today!

I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of “interposition” and “nullification”--one day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.I have a dream today!

I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, and every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight;“and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together.”? This is our hope, and this is the faith that I go back to the South with.With this faith, we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope.With this faith, we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood.With this faith, we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.And this will be the day--this will be the day when all of God's children will be able to sing with new meaning:

My country 'tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing.Land where my fathers died, land of the Pilgrim's pride，From every mountainside, let freedom ring!

And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true.And so let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire.Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York.Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania.Let freedom ring from the snow-capped Rockies of Colorado.Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California.But not only that:

Let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia.Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee.Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi.From every mountainside, let freedom ring.And when this happens, when we allow freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual:

Free at last!free at last!

Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!

我今天懷有一個夢。

我夢想有一天，深谷彌合，高山夷平，歧路化坦途，曲徑成通衢，上帝的光華再現，普天下生靈共謁。這是我們的希望。這是我將帶回南方去的信念。有了這個信念，我們就能從絕望之山開采出希望之石。有了這個信念，我們就能把這個國家的嘈雜刺耳的爭吵聲，變為充滿手足之情的悅耳交響曲。有了這個信念，我們就能一同工作，一同祈禱，一同斗爭，一同入獄，一同維護自由，因為我們知道，我們終有一天會獲得自由。

到了這一天，上帝的所有孩子都能以新的含義高唱這首歌：

我的祖國，可愛的自由之邦，我為您歌唱。這是我祖先終老的地方，這是早期移民自豪的地方，讓自由之聲，響徹每一座山崗。如果美國要成為偉大的國家，這一點必須實現。因此，讓自由之聲響徹新罕布什爾州的巍峨高峰！

讓自由之聲響徹紐約州的崇山峻嶺！

讓自由之聲響徹賓夕法尼亞州的阿勒格尼高峰！

讓自由之聲響徹科羅拉多州冰雪皚皚的洛基山！

讓自由之聲響徹加利福尼亞州的婀娜群峰！

不，不僅如此；讓自由之聲響徹佐治亞州的石山！

讓自由之聲響徹田納西州的望山！

讓自由之聲響徹密西西比州的一座座山峰，一個個土丘！

讓自由之聲響徹每一個山崗！

I have a dream today!

I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, and every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight;“and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together.”? This is our hope, and this is the faith that I go back to the South with.With this faith, we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope.With this faith, we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood.With this faith, we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.And this will be the day--this will be the day when all of God's children will be able to sing with new meaning:

My country 'tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing.Land where my fathers died, land of the Pilgrim's pride，From every mountainside, let freedom ring!

And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true.And so let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire.Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York.Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania.Let freedom ring from the snow-capped Rockies of Colorado.Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California.But not only that:

Let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia.Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee.

第五篇：馬丁路德金《I have a dream》演講賞析

《I have a dream》演講賞析

每一場感人肺腑的演講，其實都是演講稿和演講口才的完美融合。演講稿是演講的支撐，演講口才是演講吸睛的法寶。對一場演講的賞析，自然要從演講稿和演講口才兩方面談起。

一、演講稿賞析

俗話說：“巧婦難為無米之炊”，一次動人心弦、氣貫長虹的演講絕對離不開一篇妙筆生花、超凡脫俗的演講稿，演講稿寫好了，演講就成功了一半。好的演講稿必定會閃現出思想的光芒，迸發出智慧的火花，而馬丁?路德?金的《I have a dream》就是這些好的演講稿中的代表作，在人類歷史的長河中熠熠生輝。

《I have a dream》是一篇政治類演講稿，強烈反映了黑人對于種族歧視政策的反抗和對自由平等的追尋。無論是話題、內容還是層次，都具有很大的特點。首先，話題的政治性強烈，馬丁?路德?金在其中表明了他的非暴力抗議與聯合有良知的白人的主張，鮮明地表達他的政治傾向，理性地把握住歷史的發展方向；其次，內容的鼓動性強烈，語言表達富有感染力，思想深刻，發人深省；最后，層次的邏輯性嚴謹，環環相扣、層層深入、一氣呵成、滔滔不絕。

下面展開內容進行分析。馬丁?路德?金開門見山，揭示主題，表明自己演講的目的：鼓勵黑人追求真正的自由與平等。雖然只是一句話，但是包含了問候語和對自由的渴望與信心，霎時令全場肅穆。

隨后，引用美國前總統林肯簽署的《解放黑人奴隸宣言》這一充滿人性光輝和契約精神的法令，從根本上詮釋了黑人追求自由的正義性與正當性，給種族歧視者當頭一棒。接著反觀現實，用四個“One hundred years later ?”的排比句將理想與現實的巨大落差描繪得淋漓盡致，令黑人憤怒，令懷揣良心的白人倍感同情，極大地諷刺了種族歧視者與當權者背信棄義的行為。短短兩段話就已經收獲了人心，達到了萬眾矚目的效果，使演講得以順利進行。

然后，用一張“未兌現的支票”比喻《解放黑人奴隸宣言》，眾所周知，支票當然是換取現金的了，其象征意義不言而喻。然而馬丁?路德?金絕不相信“正義的銀行”會破產，絕不相信“機會寶庫”會資金不足，表明他對正義的堅守和對美國的信賴，這也在無形中引導著聽眾的政治傾向。

緊接著發出黑人的聲音，表達出改革的緊迫性，隨著美國經濟、政治、文化等綜合實力的提高，種族不平等積弊的影響日漸突出，忽視這一時刻的緊迫性，對于美國將是致命的。同時，表達出了黑人抗爭到底的決心。這些都起到了振聾發聵的作用，使處于昏睡中的美國蘇醒。

在成功呼喚起黑人斗志的同時，馬丁?路德?金向黑人明確指明了自己的政治傾向――非暴力抗爭主張。不要越過法律的底線，要用合法的方式奪取自己的利益，不要飲鴆止渴，防止矯枉過正。同時聯合有良知的白人兄弟共同組成反種族歧視者聯盟，逼迫統治者給予黑人與白人真正平等的權利。馬丁?路德?金這一主張旨在壓制黑人的暴力情緒，維護美國的安定，同時增強團隊力量，助力政治愿望的實現。當然，馬丁?路德?金對于“政治消極者”也給與了很大的鼓勵，激勵他們不要沉淪，要對未來充滿信心。

接著，馬丁?路德?金鄭重地提出自己的夢想，演講進入高潮部分。他連用“I have a dream that one day?”六個排比段，分別從國家方面、生活方面、精神方面刻畫著夢想中的唯美畫面，用文學的魅力感染著每一個人，令人神往。

最后，馬丁?路德?金用“Let freedom ring from?”八個氣勢恢宏的排比句讓自由之聲響徹美利堅的每一篇土地，表達了他對自由無限的熱愛。尤其結尾引用黑人的古老頌歌再將自由之聲唱起，可謂是余音繞梁，令在場每一個人都難以忘懷。馬丁?路德?金對于演講效果的掌控令人欽佩不已。

總之，馬丁?路德?金的《I have a dream》內容充實、激情飽滿、莊嚴鄭重、文體流暢、語言優雅并富有無窮的韻味，恰似行云流水，又如江河奔瀉，既飄逸輕靈，又肅穆凝重，氣勢非凡，可謂情文并茂，雄辯有力。

二、演講口才賞析

作為一代著名的演說家，馬丁?路德?金的演講口才不容置疑，下面著重從口語表達技巧方面對《I have a dream》進行分析。

在重音運用方面，馬丁?路德?金對感情重音的運用堪稱絕妙。比如說當提到“One hundred years later”時重音越來越重，表達了他的憤怒之情的加重；“Now is the time?”和“We can never be satisfied?”每次都是重音，表達了他的激昂慷慨之情。而“For white only”、“vote”、“No.No.”、“ I have a dream today！”“Free at last”等多處簡短重音的運用，更是有力地表現出他的情感的強烈，令人動容。詩人賀拉斯曾說：“只有一條路可以打動人們的心，就是向他們顯示你自己首先已經被打動了。” 馬丁?路德?金的感情帶動著聽眾的感情，他高亢，聽眾就高亢；他沉郁，聽眾就沉郁；他飽含深情，聽眾就自然觸目生情。

在停連運用方面，邏輯停頓、感情停頓、特殊停頓都有運用。比如說開頭的長單句有幾處邏輯停頓，介紹集會的目的和意義，使語言表達變模糊為清晰；“One hundred years later”三次感情停頓，使語言變平淡為波瀾；而“Let freedom ring from?”特殊停頓的運用，則使語言變松散為整齊。連接的作用是渲染氣氛，增強氣勢，表達激情，推進內容，例如幾次“Go back to?”的運用氣貫長虹，具有非凡的感染力。

在節奏變化技巧方面，既有慢節奏的，如開頭一句，娓娓道來，平靜安詳，為高潮蓄勢；也有快節奏的，如“Go back to?”，令人心潮澎湃；也有節奏由慢到快的，如“One hundred years later”、“Now is the time?”，感情也隨之加深。本場演講的一個突出特點就是排比、層遞等藝術手法的運用，這使得節奏變化多樣，演講更加引人入勝。

總之，馬丁?路德?金的《I have a dream》在演講口才方面確實令人嘆服。

作者：張云松