第一篇：it句型用法小結

It句型的用法小結

[ 2008-4-15 9:08:00 | By: 螞蟻 ]

在學習中，同學生們對“It ”的基本句型結構經常混淆不清，下面進行簡單分析。

一、It引起的幾個易混淆的時間句型 1，It + be + 時間 + since-clause

這個句型表示從since 從句謂語動作發生以后到現在或過去所經過的一段時間，意為“自從......以來已多久了”，主句多用一般現在時，從句用一般過去時，如果表示過去的情況，主句用一般過去時，從句用過去完成時，或主句用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時。例如：

It is three years since his father passed away.(從現在算起)It was 10 years since they married.(從過去算起)

It had been fifteen years since she left Shanghai.(從過去算起)30 years has passed since we joined the Party.(從現在算起)2，It + be + 時間 + before-clause

這個句型中的時間一般為表示一段時間的詞語(如：long years , months , weeks , days ,hours , minutes)，主句中的謂語動詞用肯定式，意為“過多長時間才......”。

主句的謂語動詞是否定式時，意為“沒過多長時間就......”。主句的時態可用過去時was或將來時will be；用was 時，before從句的動詞用一般過去時；用will be 時，before從句常用一般現在時。例如：

It was not long before she learned those poems by heart.她沒過多久就背會了那些詩歌。

It was long before the police arrived.過了很久警察才來。

It will be hours before he makes a decision.要過好幾個小時他才會作出決定。It will not be hours before meet again.要不了幾個小時我們還會再見面的。3，It + be + 時間 + when-clause

這個句型中, it 指時間，而且表示時間的詞語前沒有介詞(時間一般為具體時間)。主句中的謂語動詞和從句中的謂語動詞在時態上一般是一致的，主句是will be，when從句用一般現在時代替將來時。例如：

It was already 8 o'clock when we got home.It was the next morning when we finished our work.It will be midnight when they get there.4，It + be + 時間 + that-clause 這個句型是個強調句型。例如：

It was two years ago that he made an important invention.(原句是：He made an important invention two years ago.)

It was at 5 o'clock that he practised playing the violin in the morning.(原句是：He practised playing the violin at 5 o'clock in the morning.)比較：It was 5 o'clock when he started in the morning.(5 o'clock前沒有介詞，這是個定語從句)5，It + be + time + that從句

這個句型屬虛擬語氣結構，不管主句中用的是 is 或 was，that從句都須用動詞的過去式或should + 動詞原型(但不及用過去式普通)，在time之前有時可加上high或about 以加強語氣。例如：

It is time(that)we handed in our exercises.(= It is time that we should hand in our exercises.)

It is high time(that)she wrote a letter to her boyfriend.6，It / This / That + the first(second , third …)time + that從句 這個句型表示截止到說話時為止的某人的一種經歷，關鍵是注意time前有序數詞，主句是 is 時，從句要用現在完成時；如果主句用一般過去時was，則從句須相應地用過去完成時。例如：

This is the first time(that)these Europeans have visited the Great Wall.It was the fifth time(that)I had paid a friendly visit to Africa.二、It代替從句作形式主語的常見句型

1，it 代替連詞 that 引導的從句作形式主語。1)it + be + 過去分詞 + that 從句

It's said that Tom has come back from abroad.據說湯姆已經從國外回來了。It was reported that dozens of children died in the accident.據報導，數十名兒童在事故中死亡。

可用于該句型的過去分詞還有：known , thought , told , believed , hoped , announced ,expected , decided , suggested等，該句型常可以轉換成含有賓語從句的復合句或者含有不定式作主補的簡單句。如：

It's said that Tom has come back from abroad.→People say that Tom has come back from abroad.→He is said to have come back from abroad.2)It + be + 名詞詞組 + that 從句

It's a pity that he can't swim for his age.真遺憾，就他的年齡來講，他竟不會游泳。

It's a wonder that you could finish such a hard task in such a short time.真奇怪，你竟能在如此短的時間內完成艱巨的任務。

可用于該句型的名詞詞組還有：an honour , a good thing , a fact , a surprise , good news等。

3)It + be /seem + 形容詞 + that 從句

It is likely that they will beat us tonight.今晚很可能他們會贏我們。

It doesn't seem that she will give us a hand.她幫我們的可能性似乎不太大。可用于此句型的形容詞還有；wonderful , true , good , right , wrong ,(un)important ,useless , surprising , clear , possible , unusual , lucky , certain 等。

4)It + seem / appear / happen + that 從句

It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much.看來他非常喜歡流行歌曲。It appears that Tom might change his mind.看來湯姆會改變主意。It happened that I went out that day.碰巧我那天外出了。

注意，句型4可轉換成含不定式的簡單句。如上述句子可轉換為：

He seems to enjoy pop music very much./ Tom appears to change his mind./ I happened to go out that day.2.it 代替連接代詞或連接副詞引導的從句作形式主語。

1)It is known(not decided , not made clear , found out , discussed , being discussed , being considered , a question , uncertain等)+ 連接代詞或連接副詞引導的從句。如：

It is still a question when we shall have our sports meet.我們將什么時候舉行運動會還是一個問題。

It is uncertain whether he can attend this conference or not.他能否來開會還不能確定。

2)It doesn't matter(doesn't matter too much , doesn't make too much difference等)+ 連接代詞或連接副詞引導的從句。如：

It doesn't matter whether we go together or separately.我們一起去還是分開去都可以。

It doesn't matter too much to me what you do or where you go.你做什么或去什么地方，對我都無關緊要。

例題解析

例1，Was it in this palace _______ the last emperor died ? A.that B.in which C.in where D.which

答：案A。解析：測試it 用在強調結構中，為了強調句子的某一成分（通常是主語、賓語或狀語），常用強調It is(was)+ 被強調成分 + that(或who)…。被強調部分指人時用 that 或 who，在其它情況下（包括強調時間或地點狀語）用that。

例2，I don't think ______ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A.this B.that C.its D.it

答案：D。解析：測試 it 用作形式賓語，代替由不定式、動名詞或從句表示的真正賓語。當賓語有自己的補足語時，用it作形式賓語，真正賓語放在補足語之后。常用這種句型的動詞有think , make , find , feel , consider 等。

例3，Is _______ necessary to tell his father everything?

A.it B.that C.what D.he 答案：A。解析：測試 it 用作形式主語，代替由不定式（或不定式復合結構）、動名詞或從句表示的真正主語。

例4，Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder , but ______ didn't help.A.he B.which C.she D.it

答案：D。解析：測試 it 用作人稱代詞，代替前文提到過的事物。

第二篇：There be句型用法口訣

There be句型用法口訣

There be句型有特點，主語放在be后邊。

主語單三用is，復數主語要用are。

變否定，很簡單，be后要把not添。

變問句也不難，把be提到there前。

肯定句中用some，否定疑問any換。

動詞do用法口訣

實動表示“做、干”，現在時態看“單三”。

簡略答語可用do，代替“上述”免重復。

Don’t do sth..構否定，Do sb.do疑問型。

助動詞用法口訣

新添助動詞很重要，時態人稱一肩挑，句型轉換打頭陣，謂語還原要記牢。

have/has用法口訣

動詞have表示“有”，位置就在主語后。

“三單”主語用has，其他人稱have留。

一般問句兩法變：

一是把它提向前，或者句首do來添。

否定句子也一樣，就看not怎么放。

第三篇：There be句型基本用法

-----------.------名--姓--封---級--班---學--中--五密十--九--第--市--津--天----------

七年級英語興趣班講義

（三）There be句型基本用法

一.基本句型：

There be 句型最基本的用法是用來表示某地有某物, 表示一種存在現象。肯定式：

There + be + 主語 + 地點(時間)狀語

例：There is a picture of her family on the wall.在墻上有一張她家的全家福。

There are five lamps in the room.屋子里有五盞臺燈。

There are forty students in our class this year.今年我們班一共有四十名學生。

否定式：

There be not(any, much)+ 主語+地點

例: There isn’t any money left in my pocket.我口袋里一分錢都沒有了。

There aren’t many books in the library of our school.我們學校的圖書館里沒有太多藏書。

There is not much water in my cup.Would you fill it up?

我杯子里沒有多少水了, 你能幫我加點么?

一般疑問句：

Be + there +(any)+ 主語??

例: Are there any pictures on the wall in your room?

你屋子里墻上掛照片了么?

Is there a lamp on your table?

你桌子上有臺燈么?

Is there anything I can do for you?

我可以為你做點什么?

特殊疑問句：

疑問詞(+名詞)+ be + there + 狀語?

例: How many months are there in a year?

一年有多少個月?

What’s there in your pocket?

你口袋里有什么?

反意疑問句：

反意疑問句應與there be對應，而不是依據句子主語。

例: There is a red book on your desk, isn’t there?

你桌子上有一本紅色的書, 不是么?

There isn’t anyone in the classroom, is there?

教室里已經沒有人了, 不是么?

二.There be句型應該注意的一些問題： 就近一致。

There be 句型中的be動詞用單數或是復數應該遵循就近原則，即be動詞與距離其后最近的名詞數保持一致。

例: There is a teacher and many students on the playground.There are many students and a teacher on the playground.操場上有一名老師和很多學生。

如上面的兩句話, 第一句話距離there be 最近的是a teacher, 因此be 動詞要用單數形式;而第二句話中距離there be 最近的是復數形式的 many students, 因此我們相應地用be 動詞的復數形式are。

再如: There is a blue pen, two red pencils and three black ball pens there.There are two red pencils, three black ball pens and a blue pen there.那兒有一個藍色鋼筆, 兩個紅色鉛筆和三根黑色圓珠筆。

there be 與have 的區別。

“There be?”句式和have均可表示“有”的意思，但用法有別。“There be?”表示“在某處有??”，表示“存在”；而have卻表示“某人/某物有??”，表示“擁有”。

例: There is going to be a concert this evening.今晚這里有場音樂會。

We have nothing to do this evening.我們今晚無事可做。三。的用法方位詞 1.at

at表示地點：

（1）：用于門牌號碼前。如： He lives at 115 Zhongshan Road.at指時間表示：

（1）時間的一點、時刻等。如：

They come home at noon（at midnight, at ten o’clock, at daybreak, at dawn）.（2）較短暫的一段時間。可指某個節日或被認為是一年中標志大事的日子。如： He goes home at Christmas（at New Year, at the Spring Festival, at night）.2.in in 在（某范圍或空間）內；在（某段時間）內；穿戴著；用（某種語言、工具等）

a country in Africa 非洲的一個國家

They often have sports in the afternoon.他們常在下午進行體育活動。in the 21st century 在二十一世紀 the man in the hat 戴帽子的男子

She is always in black． 她總是穿著一身黑。Say it in English． 用英語說吧。3.on on（某物體）上；在（某運輸工具）上；在（某一天）There is a picture on the wall． 墻上有幅畫。Put it down on the table． 把它放在桌子上。

She is coming on the plane／ bus ／ train ／ tube．她將乘飛機公共汽車火車地鐵來。

We meet on Sundays． 我們每星期日見面。on May the first 在五月一日 4.to to 向，朝，往（某方向或某處）；到達（某處）；離，差 He's going to Paris． 他要去巴黎。the way to the station 通往車站的路

They will get to Sydney tonight．

今晚他們到達悉尼。It's five to ten．

現在是9點55分。四.in front of 和in the front of區別

前者是在一個物體的前面，而后者是在一個物體的前部。

in front of classroom（在教室這個建筑的前面（教室的外面））in the front of classroom(在這個教室的前面（里面））

(1)in front of 表示“在??的前面”（有一定距離的前面，也可以理解在物體范圍外的前面），其反義詞是behind，表示“在??的后面”。例如：

There is a river in front of the house.=There is a house behind the river.(2)二者的區別：

in the front of與in front of具有不同的含義。前者表示在某一范圍之內的前部，后者表示在某一范圍之外的前面。例如：

There is a big desk in the front of the classroom.在教室的前部有一張大桌子。

There is a tree in front of the classroom.在教室的前面有一棵樹。

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第四篇：There_be_句型用法歸納

There be 句型用法歸納

1.定義：There be句型表示某處存在某物或某人。

2.結構：(1)There is + 單數可數名詞/不可數名詞 + 地點狀語.(2)There are + 復數名詞 + 地點狀語.there是引導詞，在句中不充當任何成分，翻譯時也不必譯出。句子的主語是某人或某物，謂語動詞be要與主語（某人或某物）的數保持一致。當主語是兩個或兩個以上的名詞時，謂語動詞要與跟它最近的那個名詞一致。（就近原則）eg.① There is a bird in the tree.樹上有一只鳥。

② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.我們教室里有一位老師和許多學生。（就近原則）

③There are many students and a teacher in our classroom.我們教室里有許多學生和一位老師。（就近原則）3.There be句型與have的區別：

(1)There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含義。區別如下：There be表示“某處存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人擁有某物/某人”，它表示所有、擁有關系。

eg.①He has two sons.他有兩個兒子。

②There are two men in the office.辦公室里有兩個男人。4.句型轉換 一：否定句

There be句型的否定式的構成和含有be動詞的其它句型一樣，在be后加上not即可。not a/an/any + n.(注意在改否定句的時候如肯定句中有some要改為any，一般疑問句變化也一樣)例如：

There are some pictures on the wall.→There aren't any pictures on the wall.There is a bike behind the tree.→ There isn't a bike behind the tree.二：一般疑問句

There be句型的一般疑問句變化是把be動詞調整到句首，再在句尾加上問號即可。但同時要注意：當肯定句中有some時，要將其改為any（否定變化也一樣）。看看下面兩句是如何“改頭換面”的吧：

There is some water in the bottle.→ Is there any water in the bottle? There are some cakes on the table.→Are there any cakes on the table?

三：特殊疑問句

There be句型的特殊疑問句形式有以下三種變化：

① 對主語提問：當主語是人時，用“Who's+介詞短語?”；當主語是物時，用“What's + 介詞短語?”。注意：無論原句的主語是單數還是復數，對之提問時一般都用be的單數形式is(回答時卻要根據實際情況來決定)。如：

There are many books over there.→What's over there? There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room? ② 對地點狀語提問：提問地點用”Where is / are+主語”。

例如：

There is a computer on the desk.→ Where is the computer? There are four children in the classroom.→Where are the four children? ③ 對數量提問：

How many + 復數名詞 + are there + 介詞短語 ？

How much + 不可數名詞 + is there + 介詞短語？

如： There are twelve months in a year.→How many months are there in a year? There is some money in my purse.How much money is there in your purse?

第五篇：There be句型結構及其用法

There be句型結構及其用法

There be句型是一種應用十分廣泛和頻繁的句型。但是對there be句型的多變的特點及其特殊結構的復雜性，并不是每個考生都熟悉了解。在大學英語四級考試題中也常常遇到這一句型結構的試題。

例如： Ann never dreams of _________ for her to be sent abroad very soon．（CET-4，1998．6-43）

A）there to be a chance B）there being a chance C）there be a chance D）being a chance 該題的答案為B）。

動詞 dream of 要求跟 V-ing 分詞結構作賓語，更準確地講是介詞of后要求跟 V-ing 分詞結構作賓語，there being a chance意為“有一個機會”；A）和C）兩項均不符合句子結構的要求，所以不是答案選項，而D）項 being a chance 雖然是 V-ing 分詞結構，但語義不通，故不能雪?

又如： No one had told Smith about ____ a lecture the following day．（CET-4，2001．1-66）A）there be?B）there would be C）there was?D）there being 該題的答案為D）。介詞 about 后要求跟 V-ing 分詞結構作賓語，there being（a lecture）意為“有（一個講座）”，而A）、B）和C）項內容均不符合結構要求，故不能雪?再如：

It is fairly common in Africa for there to be an ensemble of expert musicians surrounded by others who join in by clapping，singing，or somehow adding to the totality of musical sound．（CET-4，1995．1）

一、there be句型與各種情態動詞連用。? 例如： There must be something wrong here． ?There might still be some vacant seats in the rear．

?There ought to be something with which to fill your stocking．

二、there be句型中的謂語動詞be被be likely to be，happen to be，seem（to be），occur等代替，用來描寫事物。例如：

There are likely to be more difficulties than they have been prepared for． There happened to be nobody in the room．

There doesn't seem to be much hope of our beating that team ．

三、there be 句型中的謂語動詞be被一些不及物動詞代替，如 live，stand，exist，remain等，用來表示“靜止、存在、有”。例如：

There lives a family of five in the village． There remains nothing more to be done．

四、there be 句型中的謂語動詞be被一些不及物動詞代替，如 come，spring up，appear，emerge，arrive，enter，follow, 等，用來表示“突然出現”。例如： There appears to be no substitute for this stuff yet． There came a company of actors and actresses． There followed a spirited discussion after class．

五、there be句型中be用不定式，形成“（for）there to be ＋賓格詞”結構，表示“有”或“存在（某種情況）”，在“（for）there to be ＋賓格詞”的結構中，主語是賓格詞。這種不定式結構在句中作邏輯賓語、狀語和主語。

1．“there to be ＋賓格詞”在句中作賓語。例如：

The students expected there to be more reviewing classes before the final exams． ? “there to be ＋賓格詞”結構在句中作動詞expect的賓語，句中的賓格詞m ore review-ing classes作“there to be”不定式結構的邏輯主語。特別應該注意的是there后的不定式只能用“to be”的形式，因為這種不定式結構是從“there be”結構轉化而來的。又如：

People don't want there to be anotherwar． Members like there to be plenty of choice．

Perhaps transportation and the means of comm unication have really made it possible for there to be an end to the big cities．

It is fairly common in Africa for there to be an ensemble of expert musicians surrounded by others who join in by clapping，singing，or somehow adding to the totality of musical sound．

? “there to be ＋賓格詞”結構在句中作介詞for的賓語，句中的賓格詞an ensemble of expert musicians 作“there to be”不定式結構的邏輯主語。

六、there be句型中be用V －ing分詞，形成“（of）there being ＋賓格詞”結構，表示“有”或“存在（某種情況）”，在“（of）there be-ing ＋賓格詞”的結構中，主語是賓格詞。

1．“there being ＋賓格詞”在句中作賓語。例如：

Have you ever thought of there being so many work units for you to choose on the talent's meeting？（“there being ＋賓格詞”作賓語）

? “there being ＋賓格詞”結構在句中作介詞of的賓語，句中的賓格詞so m any work u-nits作“there being”V-ing分詞短語結構的邏輯主語。又如：

No one had told him anything about there being a beautiful story about the lake． John was relying on there being another opportunity．

2．“there being ＋賓格詞”在句中作狀語。例如：

There being no cause for alarm，she went back to her bedroom．（“there being ＋賓格詞”作原因狀語）

? “there being ＋賓格詞”結構在句中作狀語，句中的賓格詞no cause作“there being” V-ing分詞短語結構的邏輯主語。又如：

There having been a strong suspicion against the ability of the director，the department asked him to resign．（“there being ＋賓格詞”作原因狀語）There being nothing to be done，they have to go back home．（“there being ＋賓格詞”作原因狀語）

There being no further business，the chairm an closed the meeting．（“there being ＋賓格詞”作原因狀語）

3．“there being ＋賓格詞”在句中作主 語。例如： There being a bus stop so near the house is a great advantage．

? “there being ＋賓格詞”結構在句中作主語，句中的賓格詞a bus stop作“there being” V-ing分詞短語結構的邏輯主語。

七、there be 句型中 be 用 be ＋V-ed 分詞，形成“there be ＋V-ed分詞＋賓格詞”結構，表示“有”或“存在（某種情況）”，在“there be ＋V-ed 分詞＋賓格詞”的結構中，主語是賓格詞。例如：

There was found a lot of food in the kitchen cupboard． There are now published millions of books every year in China．

There was shown at the exhibition an electronic computer made in Shanghai．

八、“there be no ＋主語名詞”的習慣用法。

1．V-ing分詞在“there be no”結構中作主語，表示“不可能”、“無法”。例如： There is no denying the fact that China is still a developing country． There is no joking about such matters．

There is no telling what will happen to him next．

2．there is no point ＋V-ing分詞，表示“沒有必要”，“無用”，“沒有意義”，“沒有用處”。例如：

We are disappointed with the new officer elected in our bridge club，but thereis no point worrying about it．

3．there is no use ＋V-ing分詞，表示“無用”，“沒有意義”，“沒有用處”。例如： There is no use advising him to give up smoking．

4．there is no good ＋V-ing分詞，表示“無用”，“沒有意義”，“沒有用處”，“沒有益處”。例如：

There is no good discussing the matter with such a fool．

九、在由“there be ＋主語名詞”引起的句子中，修飾主語的情況。

1．在由“there be ＋主語名詞”引起的句子中，用來修飾主語的不定式可以用被動形式，也可以用主動形式。例如：

There is no time to lose ／to be lost．

There are still many things to take care of ／to be taken care of． 在口語中多用主動形式。但是有時候兩種形式可能表示不同的意思。試比較：

There is nothing to do now．（We have nothing to do now．）There is nothing to be done now．（We can do nothing now．）There is nothing to see（nothing worth seeing）． There is nothing to be seen（nothing there at all）．

2．在由“there be ＋主語名詞”引起的句子中，用來修飾主語的分詞或分詞短語在意思上相當于一個定語從句。例如：

There were 200children studying（＝who were studying）m usic，dancing，or dram atics． Is there anything planned（＝that has been planned）for tonight？