第一篇：“于”用法總結

“于”用法總結

1．引進動作的時間、處所、范圍、對象、方面、原因等,視情況可譯為“在”“在……方面”“在……中”“向”“到”“自”“從”“跟”“同”“對”“對于”“給”“由于”等.例如： 得復見將軍于此.（《鴻門宴》在）

荊國有余于地而不足于民（《公輸》在……方面）

茍全性命于亂世,不求聞達于諸侯.（《出師表》在……中）

請奉命求救于孫將軍.（《赤壁之戰》向）

權起更衣,肅追于宇下.（《赤壁之戰》到）

謂獄中語乃親得之于史公云.（《左忠毅公逸事》從、自）

故燕王欲結于君.（《廉頗藺相如列傳》跟、同）

于其身也,則恥師焉……（《師說》對、對于）

昔先皇頒僧保所貨西洋珠于侍臣……（《記王忠肅公翱事》給）

2．放在形容詞之后,表示比較,一般可譯為“比”,有時可譯為“勝過”.例如： 良曰：“長于臣.”（《鴻門宴》）

冰,水為之,而寒于水.（《勸學》）

有時則只是表示對象的性質和狀態,可不譯.例如： 非常之謀難于猝發……（《五人墓碑記》）

3．放在動詞之后,引進行為的主動者,可譯為“被”,有時動詞前還有“見”“受”等字和它相應.例如：

或脫身以逃,不能容于遠近……（《五人墓碑記》）

臣誠恐見欺于王而負趙……（《廉頗藺相如列傳》）

吾不能舉全吳之地……受制于人……（《赤壁之戰》）

4．復音虛詞“于是”,用法與現代漢語的“于是”不完全相同.（一）放在句子開頭,表前后句的承接或因果關系,與現在的承接連詞或因果連詞相同.現代漢語也這樣用.于是秦王不懌,為一擊缻.（《廉頗藺相如列傳》）

吳之民方痛心焉,于是乘其厲聲以呵,則噪而相逐.（《五人墓碑記》）

（二）放在謂語之前或謂語之后,“于是”屬介賓短語作狀語或補語.可根據“于”的不同用法,分別相當于“在這”“從這”等.吾祖死于是,吾父死于是.（“在這職業上”《捕蛇者說》）

于yú

〈動〉

1.(象形.甲骨文字形,表示氣出受阻而仍越過.本義:超過)2.往;去 [go] 之子于歸,宜其室家.——《詩·周南·桃夭》.毛傳:“于,往也.” 予惟以爾庶邦于伐殷,逋播臣.——《書·大誥》 3.取 [take] 晝爾于茅,宵爾索陶.——《詩·豳風·七月》 4.如;好像 [look] 《易》曰:“介于石,不終日,貞吉.”介如石焉,寧用終日,斷可識矣.——《易·系辭下》 5.又如:于何(如何)〈介〉 1.引進動作、行為的時間、處所,意義相當于“在”、“到”或“在…方面(上、中)” [in,at,etc.] 捐金于野.——《后漢書·列女傳》 2.又

成于機杼.射于家圃.——宋· 歐陽修《歸田錄》 3.又

葫蘆置于地.力足以至焉,于人為可譏,而在己為有悔.——宋· 王安石《游褒禪山記》 于時冰皮始解,波色乍明.——明· 袁宏道《滿井游記》

越長城之限,至于泰安.(于:介詞,到.)—— 清· 姚鼐《登泰山記》

4.又如:第一次世界大戰爆發于1914年;于以(在何處);于茲(在此);于時(在此)5.引進動作、行為的對象,相當于“向”、“對”、“對于” [for,etc.] 告之于帝.——《列子·湯問》 何有于我.——《論語》

于其身也,則恥師焉,惑矣.——唐· 韓愈《師說》 言于李愬.——《資治通鑒·唐紀》

語于富者.——清· 彭端淑《為學一首示子侄》 6.又如:他做的事于人民有益

7.表示動作、行為的所從,意義相當于“從”或“自”、“由” [from].如:青出于藍而勝于藍;取之于民,用之于民

8.在被動句中,引進動作、行為的主動者,相當于“被” [by] 不拘于時.——唐· 韓愈《師說》 苦于多疾.——宋· 蘇軾《教戰守》 傷于縛者.——清· 方苞《獄中雜記》

擇于自然.——清· 薛福成《觀巴黎油畫記》

9.又如:我限于水平,未能對這篇文章提出具體的修改意見 10.引進比較對象,意思相當于“比” [than] 甚于婦人.——《戰國策·趙策》

毛先生以三寸之舌,強于百萬之師.——《史記·平原君虞卿列傳》 同于真.——清· 薛福成《觀巴黎油畫記》 11.又 同于幻.近于自然.——蔡元培《圖畫》 12.又如:人民的利益高于一切

13.表示把動作、行為加給對方,相當于“給” [to,etc.].如:榮譽歸于教練 14.表示相對的位置 [in].如:垂直于肋板的脊柱 15.姓

1.詞綴.嵌在動詞或形容詞后面,不必譯出 以至于寸.——《后漢書·列女傳》 越于諸侯.——《國語·晉語》 2.又

以免于難.可以免于難.3.“於”

第二篇：there be用法總結

1.基本結構

There be + 主語 + 地點/ 時間狀語。如：

There is a computer in the room.房間里有一臺電腦。

There are two TV plays every evening.每晚有兩場電視劇。2.主謂一致

要采取就近一致原則，和靠近be 的主語一致。如：

There is a pen, two rulers in the box.盒子里有一只鋼筆，兩把尺子。

There are two boys and a teacher at the school gate.門口有兩個男孩，一個老師。3.主語后的動詞形式

在there be 句型中，主語與動詞是主動關系時用現在分詞；是被動關系時用過去分詞。如：

There is a purse lying on the ground.地上有一個錢包。

There are five minutes left now.現在還有5分鐘。4.反意疑問句。

反意疑問句應與 there be 對應，而不是依據主語。如：

There is a radio on the table, isn't there? 桌子上有一臺收音機，是吧？

There are more than fifty classes in your school, aren't there? 你們班有50多名學生，是吧？ 5.there be 與 have 的替換

there be 表示所屬時可與 have 替換。

There is nothing but a book in my bag.= I have nothing but a book in my bag.包里只有一本書。6.there be 后接不定式時常用主動形式表示被動意義。如：

There is a lot of work to do.有許多工作要做。

注意：當該句型主語是 something, anything, nothing 等不定代詞時，后面的不定式用主動形式或被動形式，意義各不同。

There is nothing to do.沒有事可做。

There is nothing to be done.沒有辦法(束手無策)。7.與其它詞連用，構成復合謂語。如：

There may be a rain this afternoon.今天下午可能有雨。

There used to be a cinema here before the war.戰爭之前，這兒有一家電影院。8.變體

there be 結構中的 be 有時可用 live, stand, remain 等代替。如：

Once there lived a king who cared more about new clothes than anything else.從前有位國王喜歡新服勝過別的任何東西。9.習慣用語

There is no good /use(in)doing sth.做某事沒有好處/用處；There is not a moment to lose.一刻也不能耽誤。例如：

There is no good making friends with him.和他交朋友沒有什么好處。

He is very ill.Send him to hospital.There's not a moment to lose.他病得厲害，把他送到醫院去，一刻也不能耽誤。

there be與have的比較

■不同之處

一、用法不同

there be 表示某個時間或地方“存在”某人或某物，而have表示主語“擁有”某人或某物，作賓語的某人或某物屬主語所有。

二、結構不同

there be + sb./sth.+時間/地點(副詞或介詞短語)；sb./sth.+ have +sb./sth.else There are some children in the garden.花園里有幾個孩子。She has three cars.她擁有三輛汽車。(汽車是屬于她的)■相同之處

1.表示某物體在結構上“裝有”“配備有”“固有”時，兩者均可用。如：

A clock has a round face.= There is a round face on a clock.鐘面上有一個圓型的鐘盤。

Each house on the street has a small yard.= There is a small yard in each house on the street.這條街旁的每棟房子都有一座小花園。

2.當have表示“包括”時，可以用 There be 替換。如：

A week has seven days.=There are seven days in a week.一周有七天。

3.當 have 表示“存在”時，可以用 There be 替換，如(www.tmdps.cn)： Our village has only one street.=There is only one street in our village.我們村里只有一條街。

This country has rich resources, such as oil, coal and iron.=There is rich resources, such as oil, coal and iron, in this country 這個國家有豐富的資源，如石油、煤和鐵等。

第三篇：it 用法總結

It的用法總結

在英語中,it有許多不同的用法,它既可以用作代詞(如人稱代詞、非人稱代詞)，也可以用作引導詞（作形式主語或形式賓語），還可以用來構成強調句型。

1.it用作代詞

(1)用作人稱代詞 在句子中作主語或賓語；指前面已經提到過的事物、動物或人，且it指特定的事物；如果指前文中提到的事物中的任何一個，用one。one可以與any, each, every, not等連用，但one不可代替不可數名詞。

—Where’s your car?

—It’s in the garage.你的汽車在哪兒呢？在車庫里。(指代物品your car)Did you hit it? 你打中了嗎？(指代事件)The baby cried when it was hungry.這嬰兒餓時就哭。（指代嬰兒，尤指性別不詳或無所謂時）

—Who is that? —It’s me.是誰？我。(指一定情景中所確定的人或事物，此時相當于指示代詞，代指this和that,有時也指人)—What’s this?

—It’s a box.這是什么？一只箱子。

(2)作非人稱代詞 表示天氣、日期、時間、溫度、距離、價值、路程、度量、自然現象與環境等。也可模糊地指一般情形或上文的部分或整個意思。譯成漢語時，it通常不一定譯出來。

It’s a long time since they left.他們走后很久了。It’s two miles to the beach.離海濱有兩英里遠。

That’s just it—I can’t work when you’re making so much noise.原因就在這里——你弄出這么大的聲音，我工作不了。

另外，需要注意兩點：

（1）“It’s time…”后面可以接不定式和介詞短語表示“是做??的時候了”。如： It’s time for supper.It’s time to have supper.(2)“It’s time…”后面還可以接一個從句，但是從句中的謂語動詞一定要用過去式即虛擬語氣，如：

It’s time we had lunch.是我們吃飯的時候了。

It’s time we started.是我們該出發的時候了。

2.it用作引導詞

(1)作形式主語

由動詞不定式、動詞-ing短語或名詞性從句擔任主語的句子，常用it來作形式主語，而把真正的主語放在句子的后面。

It’s not easy for us to learn English well.[句型為: It +be+形容詞+（for sb.）to do sth.] It’s foolish of you to say that to her.[句型為: It +be+形容詞+（of sb.）+to do sth.] It’s no use/good/help…sleeping too much.(句型為: It +be+名詞+doing)It’s important that we be there on time.（句型為: It +be +形容詞+that從句）

It’s high time that Tom went to school.(句型為: It +be +time +that從句，從句中的動詞用過去時)It was the second time that he had telephoned me that day.[句型為: It +be+ the first(second, third)time +that從句]（that從句中動詞用完成時）

It was arranged that they should leave the following winter.(句型為: It +be+過去分詞+that從句)It appears that the two leaders are holding secret talks.(句型為: It +不及物動詞+that從句)

(2)作形式賓語

當賓語是動詞不定式、動詞-ing短語或名詞性從句時，而賓語后又有賓語補足語，則需用it作形式賓語，將真正的賓語放到賓語補足語的后面。用于這種結構的動詞有：feel, find, think, make, consider, take等。

Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.馬克思發現研究俄國的形勢很重要。

I find it strange that she doesn’t want to travel.她竟不想旅游,我覺得很奇怪。

I’ ll make it clear to you that failure is the mother of success.我要告訴你們失敗是成功之母。

3.it用在強調句型中

英語中，為了突出句子中的某一成分，達到強調或使人特別注意該成分的目的，人們常用“It is/was+強調對象+who/whom/that….”句式把整個句子分割成前后兩個部分，使之各自有自己的謂語動詞，中間由that或who/whom連起來成為一個新句子。除強調人時用who, whom外，其余情況都用連詞that。被強調的對象僅限于句子的主語、賓語、賓語補足語和部分狀語（包括狀語從句），即除謂語和定語以外的句子成分。這部分狀語主要包括地點狀語、由before, when, after, not until等引起的時間狀語從句、由because, because of引起的原因狀語、由by引起的方式狀語等。

當被強調的對象是人時，可用who, whom或that，其余情況一律用that;當被強調對象在從句中做主語時用who/that,當被強調對象在從句中做賓語時用whom/that。

原句：My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.昨天晚上我父親在實驗室做實驗。

It was my father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.昨天晚上是我父親在實驗室做實驗。（強調主語）

It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening.昨天晚上我父親在實驗室里做的是實驗。（強調賓語）

It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab.我父親是昨天晚上在實驗室做實驗的。（強調時間狀語）

It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.我父親昨天晚上是在實驗室里做這個實驗的。（強調地點狀語）

另外，再注意兩點：

（1）強調句如果還原成陳述句的話，句子成分是完整的，如果不完整，那必然是別的從句而不是強調句。

It was the town where we lived for three years.此句是定語從句，因為還原以后的句子為: We lived the town for three years.缺少介詞（in the town）, 而It was in the town that we lived for three years.這就是一個強調句了。

（2）強調中心也可以是疑問詞，這時要將疑問詞置于句首，構成一個特殊疑問句。Why is it that you want to leave so soon? 你到底為何這么早就要走？

It用法大總結(中)

4.It is important(necessary, right, strange, natural...)that...該句型和上一個同屬一個句型。由于主句中的形容詞不同，that 后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should + 動詞原形），should 可以省去。建議記住該句型中的形容詞。It is important that we(should)learn English well.It is necessary that he(should)remember these words.It is strange that he should have said those words.5.It is said(reported, learned…)that …

該句型中的it 仍是形式主語，真正主語是 that 引導的主語從句。該結構常譯為“ 據說（據報道，據悉……）”。

It is said that he has come to Beijing.It is reported that another man-made satellite has been put into orbit 6.It is suggested(ordered, required...)that...該句型和上一個同屬一個句型。主句中的過去分詞是表示請求，建議，命令等詞時，that 后的從句要用虛擬語氣（should + 動詞原形），should 可以省。常譯為“ 據建議；有命令……）”。It is suggested that the meeting(should)be put off.It was ordered that we(should)arrive there in two hours.7.It is a pity(a shame...)that...該句型中，that 后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（should + 動詞原形），should 可省去．表示出乎意料，常譯為“竟然”。沒有這種意義時，則不用虛擬語氣。

It is a pity that such a thing(should)happen in your class.8.It is time(about time , high time)that...該句型中that 后的從句應該用虛擬語氣，值得注意的是① 常用過去時態表示虛擬．② 有時也用should + 動詞原形，should 不能省。常譯為“是（正是）……的時侯……”。It is time that children should go to bed.= It is time that children went to bed.9.It is the first(second …)time that …

該句型要和上一個句型區別開來。該句型中的 that 從句不用虛擬語氣，而用完成時態。至于用什么完成時態，由主句的謂語動詞的時態決定。如果是一般現在時，后面從句用現在完成時態；如果是一般過去時，后面從句則用過去完成時態。該結構中 that 可以省去；it 有時用 this 替換，常譯為“是第一

（二）……次……”。It(This)is the first time I have been here.It(This)was the first time I had been here

一、人稱代詞1，it的最基本用法是作代詞，主要指剛提到的事物，以避免重復: ①They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.2.，也可以指動物或嬰兒(未知性別的嬰兒或孩子): ②Is this your dog？No, it isn’t.③They got a baby and it was a ten-pounder3.，也可指抽象事物或指抽象環境和情景: ③I hate it when people talk with a full mouth.．

二、.非人稱代詞

1.it有時并不指具體的東西而泛指天氣、時間、日期、距離、價值、度量、溫度、環境等： ⑴.指天氣：It is a lovely day, isn’t it?

⑵.指時間: It was nearly midnight when she came back.⑶.指日期:It is April First today.⑷.指距離:It is some 3000 kilometers from Beijing to Guangzhou.⑸.指價值:It is three dollars.⑹.指溫度:Today it is 30 degrees centigrade.三、其他用法1.在句子的主語不太明確時充當主語，表示誰在做某事：

①Who is it there? It's I(me/you/he.....).②I thought it was Mary, but it was not she.③Her face lighted when she saw who it was.2.泛泛的指某件事：(有時泛指一般情況)①It doesn’t matter.②It is a shame, isn’t it?③How is it going?(情況怎樣)④It says in the newspaper that......3.it用在一些詞組中，it 沒有特別的意思 The last train's gone.Come on, we'll foot it.(來，咱們步行吧。)

四、作形式主語，替代主語從句，動詞不定式，或動名詞短語： 1.作形式主語替代主語從句⑴It is clear(obvious，true，possible，certain....)that 從句 常譯為＂┅清楚的（顯然的，真的，可能的,肯定的．．．）＂

It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.= That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.⑵It is important(necessary，right，strange，natural...)that 從句 常譯為┅是重要的(必要的,對的,奇怪的,自然的┅).that 后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should + 動詞原形），should 可以省去，建議記住該句型中的形容詞。①It is important that we(should)learn English well.②It is necessary that he(should)remember these words.⑶It is said(reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....)that 從句 常譯為＂據說（據報道，據悉．．．）＂。①It is said that he has come to Beijing.②It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.⑷It is suggested(advised/ ordered / demanded/ insisted/ commanded...)that 從句.that 后的從句要用虛擬語氣（should + 動詞原形），should 可以省；常譯為＂據建議；有命令．．．）①It is suggested that the meeting(should)be put off.②It was ordered that we(should)arrive there in two hours.⑸It is time(about time，high time)that從句(虛擬語氣:動詞用過去時did)① It is time that children went to bed.② It is time you bought a new car.③ It is(high)time you made up your mind.⑹It is the first(second...)time that從句(從句用現在完成時 have done)It was the first(second...)time that從句(從句用過去完成時had done)常譯為＂是第一

（二）．．．次．．．＂。

It is the first time I have been here.= This is the first time I have been here ⑺It is a pity(a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact,/a surprise/...)that從句.that后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（should + 動詞原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常譯為＂竟然＂。沒有這種意義時，則不用虛擬語氣。①It is a pity that such a thing(should)happen in your class.這種事竟然發生在你們班 上，真是遺憾！②It is a pity that he is ill.他生病了，真遺憾！⑻It happens(seems，looks，appears)that從句.常譯為 “ 碰巧?,似乎是?,看起來?” ①It happened(so happened)that he met his teacher in the street.碰巧．．.②It seems that he will be back in a few days.看來．．． 2.作形式主語替代不定式 ⑴ It is kind(of sb.)to do sth.不定式的邏輯主語是由 of引起，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語特征的褒義或貶義形容詞。常見的詞有：bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，good（好心的），honest，horrible，kind，lazy，modest，naughty，nice（有教養的），polite，rude，silly，stupid，wise，wrong（錯誤的）等。這個句型可以改寫為：sb.is kind to do sth.。如:It is kind of you to say so.= You are kind to say so.⑵It is necessary(for sb.)to do sth..不定式的邏輯主語是由for引起，主句中的形容詞通常是表示重要性，緊迫性，頻繁程度，難易，安全等情況的中性形容詞。常見的形容詞有：important，necessary，natural easy，safe，common，normal，hard，difficult，dangerous，unusual，rare，impossible，pleasant 如:It is important for her to come to the party.= It is important that she(should)come to the party.⑶It takes sb....to do sth.常譯為＂做．．．要花費某人．．．＂。如:It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.3.作形式主語替代動名詞短語It is no good / no use / useless doing sth.常譯為 “┅有好處或沒有用” ①It is no good learning English without speaking English.②It's useless trying to argue with Shylock.五、作形式賓語，代替不定式，動名詞短語或賓語從句。We think it important to learn a foreign language.該句型中的it 作形式賓語，該結構中常用的動詞有：think, believe, make ,find consider, feel； 如:We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.He felt it important learning English well.They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.The Internet makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers.六、.it的重要句型 1.強調句型: It is/was + 被強調部分 + that 從句(被強調的主語如果是人，that可以由who換用)①It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.②It was they that(who)cleaned the classroom yesterday.③It was in the street that I met her father.④It was yesterday that I met her in the street.⑤It is you that /who are wrong.特例:It is not until + 被強調部分 + that...該句型也是強調句型。主要用于強凋時間狀語，譯成漢語＂直到．．．才．．．＂，可以說是 not...until...的強調形式。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.= I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.

第四篇：Such用法總結

Such用法總結

such可以分為三種不同的詞性。

一、形容詞的用法

1.such做形容詞，是最常見、也是最簡單的用法，起到一種強調作用。

She's got such talent.她很有天賦。

We're having such a wonderful time.我們過得很愉快。

I've had such a shock.我大吃一驚。

Why are you in such a hurry? 為什么你這么匆忙？

2.注意上面的第二個例子，“such a wonderful time”。

通常情況下，如果such與名詞之間還帶有形容詞，這時不提倡使用such，因為會引起歧義。而要說“so wonderful a time”或者“a time so wonderful”。

3.當句子末尾加上that引導從句，形成such...that結構時，表示因為前面提到的原因，引起了某種結果。

He speaks to me in such a way that I always feel he is insulting me.他總是用那種方式跟我說話，總是使得我覺得受到了侮辱。

It was such a boring speech(that)I fell asleep.這是個乏味的演說，使得我睡著了。

二、限定詞的用法

4.所謂“限定詞”，指的是對名詞的涵義加以限制的詞。又分為后對應限定和前對應限定兩種。

5.前對應限定的such，指的是前面提到過的某一種類。

He noticed her necklace.Such jewels must have cost thousands, he thought.他注意到了她的項鏈。這一定值幾千元，他想。

This isn't the only story of crulty to children.Many such cases are reported every day.這并非虐待兒童的唯一事件。每天都有許多類似案例被報道。6.后對應限定的such，指的是后面將要提到的某一種類。通常使用such...as/that...的結構。

Such a disaster as this had never happened to her before.以前她從未遇到過這樣的災難。

The knot was fastened in such a way that it was impossible to undo.這個結打得很牢固，根本解不開。

Such advice as he was given proved almost worthless.他得到的那些建議，被證明毫無價值。

He's not such a fool as he looks.他并非看上去那樣蠢。

注意，規范的用法是，這時應避免使用such...that，而只使用such...as，方便與前面的第3點相區分。

三、代詞的用法

7.such做代詞的時候，也分為前指代和后指代兩種。

8.前指代的意思是，指代前面提到過的某個人或某件事。通常，這時指代的是前面整句話的涵義。

Cricket was boring.Such was her opinion befor meeting Ian.板球很乏味。遇到Ian之前，她一直這么認為。

She's a competent manager and has always been regarder as such by her colleagues.她是一個能干的經理。同事們一直這樣看待她。9.后指代的意思是，指代后面提到的某個人或某件事。這時通常采用such as to do sth或such that的結構。

Such is the influence of TV that it can make a person famous overnight.這就是電視的影響，它可以使人一夜成名。

The pain in her foot wasn't such as to stop her walking.她腳上的痛，還沒有到妨礙走路的地步。

The damage was such that it would cost too much to repair.損害很嚴重，要用很多錢才能修好。

四、詞組 such as 和 as such

10.such as可以連在一起，作為詞組使用，意思是“比如、就像”，同like類似。Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare.像蘭花和櫻草花那樣的野花，越來越少見了。

Large and important projects such as this one often take years to develop.類似這一個的大型重要項目，需要好多年才能發展起來。

11.詞組as such通常用在詞尾，其實只是代詞用法的一個引申，或者表示“像看上去那樣”。

If this is not genuine champagne, it should not be labelled as such.既然這不是真的香檳酒，就不應該這樣標識。

The new job is not promotion as such but it has good prospects.新工作并非真的升職，不過前景不錯。

第五篇：AS用法總結

龍文學校1對1英語輔導教師發現近幾年高考試卷中有關as一詞的題目出現過很多次，其中as或是最佳選項，或是干擾項，或是題干中的關鍵信息點，涉及到as作為連詞、介詞、關系代詞、副詞以及習語等各種用法。所以龍文學習校英語輔導教師結合高考真題將as的用法歸納如下：

一、用作連詞的as

1.引導時間狀語從句，表示“當……的時候”，其用法與when和while類似。例如：As a child(When he was a child), she was sent to six different schools.此用法中as多表示從句與主句動作同時進行，意為“一邊……一邊……”，一般不與狀態動詞連用。例如：She sang songs as she did her homework.as 還可以表示一動作緊接著另一動作發生，說明另一動作的結果，有“隨著……”的含義。例如：As time went by, we found he was an honest man./As he grew older, he lost interest in everything except gardening.例1 It wasn’t until nearly a month later________ I received the manager’s reply.A.since B.when C.as D.that

解析：本題的as中與when一起作為干擾項，容易使考生往時間狀語從句上思考，事實上本題是強調句，正確選項是D。

2.引導原因狀語從句，表示“由于，因為”，相當于because, 但通常置于句首。例如： As he is a qualified doctor, I trust his advice on medical matters.例2 _____ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand.A.While B.Since C.As D.If

解析：本題中as干擾性很強，很多考生誤以為是原因狀語從句，但仔細分析不難發現正確答案應是A（while表示“只要”）。

3.引導讓步狀語從句，通常可與although或though通用，但語序不同，although或though用于句首，as用于倒裝結構。例如：Young as I am, I already know what career I want to follow./Although（或Though）I am young, I already know what career I want to follow.as 表示讓步用于倒裝結構，通常將從句的表語、狀語或動詞前置。如果表語有冠詞a/an, 需去掉。例如：Great scholar as he is, he is lacking in common sense./Much as I like you, I couldn’t live with you.例3 _____ he has limited technical knowledge, the older worker has a lot of experience.A.SinceB.Unless C.As D.Although

解析：as 雖然有引導讓步狀語從句用法，但本題不是倒裝結構，故正確答案應是D。

4.引導方式狀語從句，表示“如，像”。例如：When in Rome, do as Romans do./Do to others as you would have others do to you.例4 We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn’t quite ________ as planned.A.make outB.turn out C.go onD.come up

解析：本題考查動詞詞組辨析，題干中的“as planned”給同學們提供了重要信息，答案選B。

5.固定句型：“主句，as +be/do+主語”表示“也一樣”。例如：She’s unusually tall, as are both her parents./He’s a doctor, as was his wife before she had children.二、用作介詞的as

1.表示“如，像”。例如：They got united as one man./She spoke of me as her dearest friend.2.表示“作為、當作”。例如：As a League member, you should think more of others.3.與某些動詞搭配，表示“把……當作……”，如：look on…as…, regard…as…, treat…as…, consider…as…, think of…as…, see…as…等。其中consider…as…中的as可以省略。as與famous或known搭配，表示“作為……而出名”。

例5 Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, ________ as 3M.A.knowingB.known C.being knownD.to be known

解析：如果熟悉be known as這一短語，運用有關非謂語動詞的常識，可選出正確答案B。

三、用作關系代詞的as

1.引導限制性定語從句，先行詞前通常有as, so, such, same等修飾語。例如：He will marry as pretty a girl as he can find./My hometown is no longer the same as it used to be./As many people as are present will be given a present.在此種用法中，同學們要注意與結果狀語從句的區別。比如：A: The teacher asked us such a difficult question that none of us could answer it.B: The teacher asked us such a difficult question as none of us could answer.A句為結果狀語從句，而B句則是定語從句。

2.引導非限制性定語從句，用來指代整個主句（即先行句），表示“這一事實，那一情況”。從句可以位于句首、句中或句末。例如：We stand when the national anthem is played, as is the custom.例6 ______ I explained on the telephone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.A.When B.After C.As D.Since

解析：根據句意，選項C是正確答案。as表現的正是本點所講用法。

四、用作副詞的as

修飾形容詞或副詞，表示程度，意為“同樣地”。例如：He swims fast, but I swim just as fast.但它通常構成表示比較的結構“as?as?”，“not as?as?”。此結構中第一個as是副詞，第二個as是連詞。否定結構中的副詞as可以由so代替。as?as possible /one can也屬于此用法。例如：It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.五、用在習語中的as

由as構成的習語很多，常見的有：as soon as “一??就”，引導時間狀語從句；as/so long as “只要”引導條件狀語從句；as if/though “好像，仿佛”，引導方式狀語從句或表語從句；as to/ as for “至于，就??而言”；as much/many as“多達??”；as/so far as “就??的限度”；as a result，as a result of “（由于??的）結果”；as a matter of fact“事實上”；as well “也、還”；A as well as B“不但A而且B”；as it is“照現狀看，看樣子”，等等。這些習語在高考中可能經常遇到，在高考題中有的作為正確選項，有的作為干擾項，有的出現在題干，值得同學們認真掌握。例如：

例9 I would like a job which pays more, but ______ I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.A.in other wordsB.on the other hand C.for one thing D.as a matter of fact解析：選項D極具干擾意義，但進一步研讀會發現本題中的兩個分句表達了一件事的兩個對立面，故選B。

例10 ——People should stop using their cars and start using public transport.——______.The roads are too crowded as it is.A.All right B.Exactly C.Go aheadD.Fine

解析：本題選項中雖沒有as內容，但題干中的as it is卻是解題的關鍵信息，正確選項為B。

以上所總結的是as一詞的主要用法及在高考卷中的具體應用，可以看出它詞性多，詞義廣，用法靈活。龍文學校輔導教師希望同學們在復習中一定要理清思路，抓住重點，應用時仔細分析上下文，弄清邏輯關系，才能作出正確選擇。