第一篇：淺談廣告制作中的創意技巧

淺談廣告制作中的創意技巧

“創意”，是眼下愈演愈烈的“廣告征服戰”中最常見且常用常新的技法之一。

創形法

此類廣告“創意”的要旨在于：以推銷企業為主，使企業形象得到良好創立。其“創意”依據是：企業是其產品的決定性因素，先有企業后才有產品。企業素質高，產品素質才高；企業形象好，產品銷路才好。如“coca-cola”的廣告。

逆意法

其“創意”的要旨即：利用公眾的逆反心理，通過形貶實衰的廣告，以此贏得顧客的好評，從而取得奇致勝之效。如美國俄勒岡州，有一家取名為“最糟”的餐館。這家餐館的外面豎著幾塊醒目的大廣告牌：“請來跟蒼蠅同坐”、“食物數此店最差，服務則更糟糕”。而此店門口櫥窗里貼的即日菜譜介紹競為“隔夜菜”。奇怪的是，這招牌告之“最糟”的餐館，居然開業15年來一直是門庭若市，座無虛席。因為，無論是當地人，還是外地游客，都慕“最糟”之名而至，都想親眼看看這家餐館是否供應的飯榮員糟、衛生條件最差、服務態度最壞。同時，人們也為餐館經理講真話、敢損短的可貴精神所感染，故而形成了這“最糟”餐館的最佳經濟效益和社會效益。

音樂法

其“創意”的要旨即：通過精煉短小、高度概括、通俗明快、形象鮮明、個性突出、制作精致的廣告音樂與畫面和廣告的絲絲入扣，使廣告的藝術創意得到淋漓盡致的體現，從而達到其真正能具備發掘商品內涵、點綴商品特色、提高商品身價、增強商品魅力的功能，并使廣大消費者一聽就愛、一哼就會、一想就懂、百聽不膩，在愉悅的音樂啟迪中愉快地購買所需產品。

包裝法

其“創意”要旨在于：通過在商品包裝上狠下功夫，使產品的包裝精巧。然后再在精美的包裝上打上企業的名稱，列出其生產經營范圍和詳盡介紹產品的功能、性能及其使用方法。這樣，不僅會給消費者帶來審美感、滿意感和方便感，而且花錢不多，給企業帶來的效益卻很大。此可謂兩全其美的廣告創意方法。

換意法

其“創意”的要旨即：為順應市場消費者的消費心理和消費水平，將原來誤導公眾的廣告創意進行一番無損本來面目的改頭換面的修改，使公眾改變對原廣告誤導的理解，使原來在市場上因創意誤導消費而滯銷的產品變為暢銷產品。如德國密勒啤酒公司在初做密勒香擯廣告時，在廣告創意上總是以豪華的場面作廣告背景，外包裝也用的是金紙，其創意給消費者的感覺是：此系高檔香擯的廣告。其實，密勒香擯的價格并不貴，但卻給消費者帶來的是此酒只適宜較高生活層次的女性飲用，因此銷路不暢。密勒公司受挫后，即在原廣告創意的基礎上，采用局部換意法，去掉了香擯的包裝金紙，換掉了原來那個漂亮的小姐，并在不改變香擯成份的前提下，讓一群勞累一天的伐木工人跑到酒吧代美女痛飲密勒香檳。這一改一換，使密勒香擯以樸實無華的形象展現在眾多消費者面前。于是，密勒香擯的銷路大開。

設謎法

其“創意”的要旨即：通過設謎來制造懸念，并將答案巧妙地寓于謎底之中，并讓消費者通過揣測謎底而自然去接受設謎廣告的產品，從而實現產品渠道的暢通。如南京鶴鳴皮鞋店的廣告也可算得上是一大奇招。該鞋店在與一家讀者面頗寬的報紙訂下三天廣告版面后，第一天的整版只登出一個大問號，僅下面有寥寥一行小字：“欲知詳情，請見明日本報底欄。”第二天照樣刊登。直到第三天，謎底方才露面：“三人行必有我師，三人行必有我鞋……鶴鳴皮鞋。”

省略法

其“創意”的要旨即：通過省略廣告信息的關鍵之處或主要內容，制造或明或暗的懸念，從而使眾產生急切的期待心理，刺激消費者產生迫切了產品的興趣與欲望，并由此產生對產品的深刻象。如云南花粉田七口服液廣告：“人到中年無途，有我不一樣……”這是一種有明顯省略號的“明省”式廣告；又如天津飲料廠打出“夏天，并不可怕”的路牌廣告，雖其文句表面較完整，但其廣告的主題并未直接顯示出來，此旨在于誘導讀者去探究廣告的言外之意：天津飲料廠的飲料是消暑佳品。“暗省”的部分，即是廣告的主題。

系列法

其“創意”的要旨即：通過系列的廣告形式強受眾對下一項廣告的期待，又通過不斷變化的形式強化受眾的關注熱情，直到合適的時候，才適合緩解受眾的期待心理。而在這整個過程中，都不致使受眾感到呆板、乏味。如臺灣野狼125摩托車廣告，就采用了6天系列廣告的形式。即第一天打出的廣告是：“今天不要買摩托車，請您稍候6天”。后兩天，廣告只改動一字：“稍候5天”、“稍候4天”第4天廣告語略改為：“請再稍候3天。”直到第5天，廣告才點出：“這部令您滿意的摩托車是?野125”。最后一天，即第6天，廣告制作商才刊出欄大幅廣告，不僅全面介紹該摩托車性能特點，且正式推出該摩托車的制造單位是“三陽工業公司”。

第二篇：y創意廣告PPT制作大賽

M c Q u a y創意廣告PPT制作大賽

M c Q u a y創意廣告PPT制作大賽

承辦： 能環學院團總支學生會

一、活動目的：

為增進同學們的創新意識，提高同學們制作和講說PPT的能力，促進校園與企業二元文化的溝通與交融，將我校優秀學生推薦給知名企業，為我校學生提供跟知名企業高級管理人士面對面交流機會，能源與環境學院聯合麥克維爾中央空調特舉辦此次McQuay創意廣告PPT制作大賽。

二、活動意義：

本次比賽旨在為大學生提供一個面對企業展示自我的真實平臺，以企業文化為創作題材，在活動中展示自我能力與風采，看清當前自身與企業要求的差距，明確今后努力與發展方向，為在校生今后就業搶奪先機，畢業生進入社會提供軟著陸。

三、活動主題：

創意無止境，就業有天機

四、活動對象：

低年級組：09、10、11級學生（專業不限）

高年級組：08級學生（限建環、熱能制冷、電氣、自動化、機械專業）。

五、活動內容：

本次活動內容是制作六句廣告詞，首字母分別是是M c Q u a y這六個字母。以PPT形式展現廣告詞的創意，其中要包含麥克維爾企業文化，內容豐富，突出企業特色，PPT內容豐富。

PPT頁數不得超過15頁，講述時間在3-7分鐘。上交作品統一使用PPT2003版本。

（一）參賽分組：

低年級組：09、10、11級學生（專業不限）；

高年級組：08級學生（僅限建環、熱能制冷、電氣、自動化、機械專業）。

（二）比賽安排

1、初賽：

10月17日將活動下發至各個學院；

10月23-24日收集作品、審閱;

10月27日公布各組參加復賽的10名選手名單

2、復賽

10月29日復賽地點：多媒體教室 3分鐘左右

當場公布各組參加決賽的6名選手名單

3、決賽

11月7日決賽 講述時間 5-7分鐘

地點：學術報告廳

時間：16：00-18:00

當場公布低年級組獲獎情況；并公布高年級組進入麥克維爾YEP計劃招聘最終面試名單。

六：獎項設置

低年級組：

一等獎 1名 獎金300元

二等獎 2名 獎金200元

三等獎 3名 獎金100元

高年級組：

入決賽者每人獲得獎金100元，并獲得麥克維爾年輕工程師YEP計劃（年輕工程師計劃）最終面試入場券，決賽成績與公司招聘結果掛鉤。

所有進入復賽選手每人將獲得一件紀念品。

七：其他

比賽作品上交至能環學院團總支學生會郵箱：

nhxueshenghui@163.com

因其他原因需推遲或改變比賽進度由本次活動的組織方另行通知。

本次活動的最終解釋權歸能環學院團總支學生會所有。

能源與環境學院

2011年10月

第三篇：關于廣告 創意

創意是個統稱，因為廣告行業是需要創意的行業。創意在設計、策劃、文案身上都可以體現，指的只是一個點子，一種思維。創意不需要畫畫,文案只是負責廣告活動過程中的文字部分，比如電視腳本寫作，策劃案寫作，宣傳冊寫作...簡單的說就是負責文字部分和創意。創意指的是一個廣告中的意識形態所在，或者可以把它當作是一個”表現”，但在廣告公司里沒有專門”創意”這個職務，而把創意以方案的形式寫出來的人，叫作文案

什么是最好的創意？

廣告不是陽春白雪，不是藝術，我們的任務是與人產生溝通，感染他們，讓他的思想和他的金錢靠近你的產品并且遠離你的競爭者。大創意能夠迅速而深刻的做到這一點。不要忘記一則古老的廣告法則———AIDMA理論，只有引起注意（Attention），才能提起興趣（Interest），激起欲望（Desire），增強記憶（Memory），最終采取行動（Action）。如果你的廣告不能起到溝通的作用———讓人笑、讓人哭、讓人感興趣，那么無論你投入多少金錢、應用多少****都不會奏效，這就是為什么世界上的很多廣告并不成功的原因。廣告必須具備感召力

重要的是，創意應該產生差別，把人們領入另一個區域，沒有差別，一切將毫無用處；創意應該簡單，越簡單越好；而且，廣告要注意廣告消費的環境。因為廣告不是做給廣告人看的，所以在現實生活中的廣告，必須要能夠具備俘獲人們心靈的感召力。雖然人們每天平均要受到6000條廣告訊息，但他們能記住的只有獨一的創見。

創意———法無定法

通常創意來自我們的心靈，什么公式、竅門、規則、藍圖一類的東西并不能優化我們的工作。所謂創意，唯一權威的解釋就是法無定法。因為法只是在重復歷史，而不是創造歷史。我們應該尋找自己獨一無二的聲音，并有勇氣、有信心去運用這些聲音。創意就是去體味你的內心世界，好好的醞釀它，勇于將你獨特的創意向公眾展示，讓它翻起軒然****，引起反饋，甚至引來嘲笑聲音。

笨人想出最好的點子

最好的點子通常是一群笨人所設想出來的，因此我們所從事的、所服務的機構，最應該做的往往就是鼓勵一種傻乎乎的東西。我們不要把一個點子想得太復雜，我們應該做的是崇尚簡單而避開復雜，一看到復雜的東西就消滅它，把心思簡單化，不要在一個過程中左一步右一步。從你想出的點子的本身開始，要盡可能立足簡單。高明的點子總是簡單的，有一個念頭就不要再左思右想，讓它自己去伸展開來。

廣告不是藝術

廣告不是藝術。廣告和藝術兩者需要不同的創作心態，屬于完全不同的創意水平。廣告創意人可以在廣告里運用現代藝術的技巧，可以把廣告表現的美倫美煥，但前提必須是人們能看懂它，能理解和認同它。有些界定模糊或是稀奇古怪的廣告只會讓人們對它所訴求的產品或服務產生錯覺。畢加索的抽象畫讓多數人看后一頭霧水正說明了他的成功，深邃的思想往往只能傳遞給少數人，而一則廣告恰恰不能做到這一點，否則就意味失敗。資料顯示，許多獲克里奧大獎的廣告作品在若干年后仍能帶動產品的銷售，這一點也恰巧體現了克里奧大會評選的最大特點：看重原創意圖，但也看重意圖的貫徹。

標新立異

創意如何去影響人，去觸動他們，讓他們哭，讓他們笑，讓他們猛然看到舊瓶里裝了新酒；每天早上起來就有機會和成千上萬的人產生聯系，改變一些品牌所受到的待遇。這是一個值得一搏的挑戰，這就是與眾不同，從事這個行當全都是為了這一點。真正有意思的便是標新立異。

小資本制作一樣登大雅之堂

大眾汽車，憑“雙重檢查”一支廣告片，奪取“企業形象”及“小資本制作”的雙重金

獎，難能可貴。此廣告片巧妙的運用“質量檢查時的認可筆記√號，兩個√號構成一個ＶＷ的標志，創意匠心獨運，題材選用又恰當不過，是創作人，尤其是在第三世界國家內的創作人最可以借鑒的一種創意手法，小資本成大事業。創意不在預算之多寡，這是一個最佳例證。

廣告創意人成長五步曲

廣告雜談，別走開，廣告同樣精彩，廣告之道，沒有創意，就沒有發言權！

一些即將進入廣告行業，或者已經步入廣告行業、但還不深諳于廣告的新人，常常不免會犯疑：在廣告成長的路上，到底有沒有捷徑？路漫漫兮其修遠，廣告是一個不斷積累的行業，是謂厚積而薄發，積累的過程很重要。以多年的廣告從業經驗，我逐漸體會出，其實每個廣告人的成長，大凡都要依次經歷：接觸廣告時期、認知廣告時期、模擬廣告時期、實踐廣告時期和創作廣告時期五個階段，即廣告創意人的成長五步曲。

[

其實，每一個人都會接觸廣告，從略懂世事的孩童、到年已近逝的老者，廣告無時無刻不存在于我們的生活中，每個人的一生，都是伴隨著廣告的一生：每天打開電視，廣告映入眼簾；每天翻開書報，廣告躍然紙上；每天行走在大街小巷，五花八門的戶外廣告撲面而來、擦肩而過；每天吃喝拉撒的許多用品其標貼、說明書等廣告也常常如影相隨??在我們還沒有深刻地去探究什么是廣告的時候，也許我們只知道電視上、書報上、大街小巷、家長里短有一個東西叫廣告，卻不知道它的真正意義，這就是接觸廣告時期。

在接觸廣告時期，對廣告的感覺通常會有兩種。一種是你知道有一個叫“廣告”的東西，廣告是廣告主對自己的宣傳（甚至連這個都不知），卻不是很理解它。一種是你的心目中已經有了廣告意識，而你卻不知這就是廣告創意的發想，比如：當你面對一個“*”號時，你或許有時候會想它象形了什么: 誰放了一個屁啊!/多角戀愛(婚外情)/交集/十字路口/殘缺的雪花/圓的直徑/風轉（風力發電）/鳥爪/一個“水”字/船和漿/剪刀與線/一只靜止的“蚊子”/穿越/豎插一杠/三頭六臂??這其實與廣告創意的發想有異曲同工之處。

對于想進入廣告行業者和初涉廣告的新人而言，應針對以上兩點，培養自己的廣告意識。第一，多方面、全方位地接觸廣告，并對之形成濃厚的興趣，從生活的每時每刻、角角落落去了解廣告，并有意識地去記錄一些廣告的內容。比如：甚至在逛街、購物的時候，都應該細心地去觀摩，相關的廣告宣傳品、相關的廣告活動、產品的終端布局，等等。第二，鍛煉創意的發想意識，比如：房子。你想到了什么——空間，材料：磚等，建筑風格，屬于那里，住的人，一個世界，房子里的擺設：桌子、床等，婚姻，與外界的隔離，錢（去買），家，貧與富（階級），身體與心靈，風景，陽光透進來，聽見窗外的鳥叫，想起一句古詩：安得廣廈千萬間，乞丐或者流浪的孩子（無家），燕子筑巢，一個命名為《門》的小說??有意識地針對具體的事物對它產生想象、把自己靈感的一些火花記錄下來，當然包括非廣告的；養成寫創意日記的良好習慣，創意日記最好分兩本：一本把平常自己看見的有意思的廣告記下來；一本寫自己對廣告的認識、生活中有趣的事、廣告見聞、自己的即興創意、甚至可以是自己隨意想到的一句話等，不必想多么成熟或具體，先培養自己的這種意識和習慣即可。與此同時，去翻一些淺顯的廣告概念書，只是翻翻，也不必細看，先知道一些簡單的廣告概念。

[

如果說接觸廣告時期是你初步了解廣告的階段，與它的第一面讓你心動不已，你狂熱的心跳動，想去接近它。那么，廣告認知時期就是你因為它的吸引而想去了解它的過程，這種感覺就像是在戀愛，正如戀愛時，你極力想去了解一個人一樣，這時候你最想知道廣告的奧秘——因為，你對它是好奇的。

這一階段，不斷地了解著廣告，大概知道了廣告的一些基本概念：廣告是什么？廣告做什么？

廣告有什么作用？等等。很多人也已經有一些廣告的實踐，但這一階段又可以說是廣告入門的一個坎，這一階段的廣告新人很少有平和的心態，一些人由于寫出一句不錯的廣告語或者一個不錯的創意什么的，就認為這是完全的廣告了，“哦！廣告原來是如此的簡單”；一些人由于在創作中不得竅，屢次受挫，而認為創意“難于上青天”。這期間，了解全面的廣告是很有必要的，首先，你至少應該看一些以下方面的書（1）廣告學知識（2）廣告人成長經驗介紹（3）廣告范例（4）廣告公司運做（5）廣告作業工具等，對廣告的一些基本知識產生記憶，當別人提起某一廣告概念時，你能知道別人在說什么，就像人體器官一樣，比如眼、耳、鼻、舌??廣告的基本概念其實就是構成廣告表現的基本器官；當然，看書的方法是很關鍵的，我通常的方法是，第一步：先看簡介（或目錄）了解主要內容，如果內容有些是知道的，即快速地翻過，只閱讀新內容；如果是不知道的內容，則先整體地快速閱讀1-3遍形成初步印象。第二步：放開書想一想其中的內容，看自己能不能列出主干目錄，之后再看自己能不能回想起主干目錄中的主要內容。第三步：把自己沒想起來的內容對照書針對性地反復記憶2-3遍。第四步：將某些內容和對某些內容的理解記在一個本上（最好分門別類，如：市場/品牌/營銷/公關/創意/媒介等），形成隨身資料簿，便于日常查閱。畢竟書是無限多的，在需要時再去找大堆的書肯定要費事很多。第五步：整體再想一遍，看是否與書的內容吻合，稍后快速翻看一遍。

廣告

每一則廣告都必須傳達完整的銷售訊息，因為一般人并不會循序漸進、有條不紊地看到產品所有的廣告。

廣告文案必須親切、簡單易讀，而且瞄準目標市場訴求。針對這個市場的廣告，如果出現自我意識濃厚的畫面和華而不實的文字，通常只會使消費者產生提防的心理。

廣告中的每一個字都要有意義。模糊不清的訴求必須以具體的數據取代，陳詞濫調的說法也要以確切的事實替換，同時避免不著邊際的訓誡辭令，而改用引人入勝的產品誘因。

手表下廣告主題浮現，畫外音響起：“時間以我為準。天王表。”

第四篇：6.20廣告營銷策劃方案的創意技巧

有關廣告營銷策劃方案的基本知識與技巧

進入營銷3.0革命時代，新生代消費人群會接觸到越來越多的廣告，包括傳統媒體廣告和新媒體、自媒體廣告，各種各樣的廣告充斥著人們的工作生活的各個方面，如何讓廣告發揮更大的作用呢？本文我們就要來請北京立鈞世紀營銷策劃機構首席營銷策劃專家任立軍談談廣告營銷策劃的創意技巧。

中國的廣告發展是隨著改革開放而發展起來的，中國真正進入廣告創意階段是在上世紀的80年代。中國廣告營銷策劃一步步發展，漸漸成為企業離不開的重要營銷工具，尤其是葉茂中營銷策劃機構的出現，把中國廣告營銷策劃推向了極致，葉茂中所做的營銷策劃必然要推向央視，以致于一段時間之內，央視充斥著葉茂中營銷策劃機構服務的客戶的廣告。曾幾何時，一句“怕冷就穿北極絨”能夠火遍大江南北，這種廣告創意也深得葉茂中的推崇。如今，面對線下線下豐富的媒體類型，廣告營銷策劃也走向了豐富化和多元化。

關于廣告創意的概況

創意”，是眼下愈演愈烈的“廣告征服戰”中最常見且常用常新的技法之一。“創意”的主要含義也可謾之“CI方略”，此乃當今流行于發達國家的現代廣告經營謀略——同一視覺識別。即是企業為參與市場競爭，通過廣告擴散其視覺形象設計，有意識地造出個性化的視覺效果，以便喚起盡可能多的廣告對象注意：我們的企業和企業決策人是著名的，我們的產品和優質服務更是著名的，從而達到使自己的企業總體知名度不斷提高之目的。

廣告“創意”的基本特征是能夠讓廣告對象接更時感到頗有“余味”：即廣告制作者不把一切都表露得明明白白，而是讓廣告接受者自己去品味其中新穎、含蕾、深沉、巧妙、曲折、恢諧、風趣的韻味和創意，并在不知不覺中欣然接受廣告的勸導。具有“創意”特征的成功廣告在中國和外國都是舉不勝舉的，如： 在北京第11屆亞運會上，中國飲料市場在亞運村刮起一股紅色旋風，在體育場上，人們支起了coca-cola遮陽傘；在游泳館，人們搖著：COCA-cola的扇子；在奧林匹克中心，人們戴著coca-cola遮陽帽。這種“coca-cola”廣告宣傳的創意，顯然不在于市場的銷售，而在于樹立可口可樂中國有限公司的形象。

美國一家造紙公司為宣傳企業形象，在廣告“創意”上更是獨辟蹊徑。其廣告通過介紹森林里樹干的形成、枝葉的變化、果實的遷徒來娓娓道出森林的科普知識，并配以精美、生動的圖片。最后才在廣告的結尾處，簡單地標出該企業的名字、產品及市場。這套廣告的“創意”在于：貼近公眾的關心焦點，在公眾中樹立起一個熱愛大自然的可親的企業形象。果然，此廣告的“創意”效果得到了明顯表現。當這套廣告播出后，僅索要廣告中森林知識材料的來函就達50萬封，企業由此而聲名遠播。可見，廣告的好的“創意”，能讓企業站得比產 品更高。

因此，研究“廣告征服戰”的“創意”技法，對于企業和廣告制作人更好地利用及使用廣告，使之轉化為更大的社會、經濟效益，無疑具有非常重要的意義。

廣告創意八法

若分析廣告的“創意”技法，可具體概之為“八法”：

創形法

此類廣告“創意”的要旨在于：以推銷企業為主，使企業形象得到良好創立。其“創意”依據是：企業是其產品的決定性因素，先有企業后才有產品。企業素質高，產品素質才高；企業形象好，產品銷路才好。如“coca-cola”的廣告。

逆意法

其“創意”的要旨即：利用公眾的逆反心理，通過形貶實衰的廣告，以此贏得顧客的好評，從而取得奇致勝之效。如美國俄勒岡州，有一家取名為“最糟”的餐館。這家餐館的外面豎著幾塊醒目的大廣告牌：“請來跟蒼蠅同坐”、“食物數此店最差，服務則更糟糕”。而此店門口櫥窗里貼的即日菜譜介紹競為“隔夜菜”。奇怪的是，這招牌告之“最糟”的餐館，居然

開業15年來一直是門庭若市，座無虛席。因為，無論是當地人，還是外地游客，都慕“最糟”之名而至，都想親眼看看這家餐館是否供應的飯榮員糟、衛生條件最差、服務態度最壞。同時，人們也為餐館經理講真話、敢損短的可貴精神所感染，故而形成了這“最糟”餐館的最佳經濟效益和社會效益。

包裝法

其“創意”要旨在于：通過在商品包裝上狠下功夫，使產品的包裝精巧。然后再在精美的包裝上打上企業的名稱，列出其生產經營范圍和詳盡介紹產品的功能、性能及其使用方法。這樣，不僅會給消費者帶來審美感、滿意感和方便感，而且花錢不多，給企業帶來的效益卻很大。此可謂兩全其美的廣告創意方法。

換意法

其“創意”的要旨即：為順應市場消費者的消費心理和消費水平，將原來誤導公眾的廣告創意進行一番無損本來面目的改頭換面的修改，使公眾改變對原廣告誤導的理解，使原來在市場上因創意誤導消費而滯銷的產品變為暢銷產品。如德國密勒啤酒公司在初做密勒香擯廣告時，在廣告創意上總是以豪華的場面作廣告背景，外包裝也用的是金紙，其創意給消費者的感覺是：此系高檔香擯的廣告。其實，密勒香擯的價格并不貴，但卻給消費者帶來的是此酒只適宜較高生活層次的女性飲用，因此銷路不暢。密勒公司受挫后，即在原廣告創意的基礎上，采用局部換意法，去掉了香擯的包裝金紙，換掉了原來那個漂亮的小姐，并在不改變香擯成份的前提下，讓一群勞累一天的伐木工人跑到酒吧代美女痛飲密勒香檳。這一改一換，使密勒香擯以樸實無華的形象展現在眾多消費者面前。于是，密勒香擯的銷路大開。設謎法

其“創意”的要旨即：通過設謎來制造懸念，并將答案巧妙地寓于謎底之中，并讓消費者通過揣測謎底而自然去接受設謎廣告的產品，從而實現產品渠道的暢通。如南京鶴鳴皮鞋店的廣告也可算得上是一大奇招。該鞋店在與一家讀者面頗寬的報紙訂下三天廣告版面后，第一天的整版只登出一個大問號，僅下面有寥寥一行小字：“欲知詳情，請見明日本報底欄。”第二天照樣刊登。直到第三天，謎底方才露面：“三人行必有我師，三人行必有我鞋??鶴鳴皮鞋。”

省略法

其“創意”的要旨即：通過省略廣告信息的關鍵之處或主要內容，制造或明或暗的懸念，從而使眾產生急切的期待心理，刺激消費者產生迫切了產品的興趣與欲望，并由此產生對產品的深刻象。如云南花粉田七口服液廣告：“人到中年無途，有我不一樣??”這是一種有明顯省略號的“明省”式廣告；又如天津飲料廠打出“夏天，并不可怕”的路牌廣告，雖其文句表面較完整，但其廣告的主題并未直接顯示出來，此旨在于誘導讀者去探究廣告的言外之意：天津飲料廠的飲料是消暑佳品。“暗省”的部分，即是廣告的主題。

系列法

其“創意”的要旨即：通過系列的廣告形式強受眾對下一項廣告的期待，又通過不斷變化的形式強化受眾的關注熱情，直到合適的時候，才適合緩解受眾的期待心理。而在這整個過程中，都不致使受眾感到呆板、乏味。如臺灣野狼125摩托車廣告，就采用了6天系列廣告的形式。即第一天打出的廣告是：“今天不要買摩托車，請您稍候6天”。后兩天，廣告只改動一字：“稍候5天”、“稍候4天”第4天廣告語略改為：“請再稍候3天。”直到第5天，廣告才點出：“這部令您滿意的摩托車是‘野125”。最后一天，即第6天，廣告制作商才刊出欄大幅廣告，不僅全面介紹該摩托車性能特點，且正式推出該摩托車的制造單位是“三陽工業公司”。

影視廣告策劃方案的撰寫技巧

影視廣告專題片籌劃觸及多方面的信息材料，內容十分豐厚，所以影視廣告制作客戶承受的信息量相當大而且豐雜。如何將這些信息以容易表達的方式表達出來，而且使其在內容方式上具有一定的吸收力，這就設計影視廣告制作籌劃書的一些寫作技巧。在寫作籌劃書是常用的技巧表如今一下幾個方面。北京立鈞世紀營銷策劃公司首席專家任立軍認為，廣告策劃方案的撰寫能夠體現創意的內容，非常重要。

信息組織技巧

從影視廣告制作前期的調查剖析到最后籌劃書的寫作，都觸及信息的組織和運用，而且影視廣告戰略的中心又是把信息傳送給潛在客戶，因而信息在影視廣告制作籌劃中尤為重要。在信息組織上，首先應該對要在籌劃文本中傳送的信息有個總體的把握，并對不同的信息有所歸類，這樣就使信息具有了一定的調理性；其次要在眾多的信息中辨別主次，將重點信息突出傳達；最后還要明白信息的層次和信息之間的互相聯絡，是信息傳達層次清楚。文字表述技巧

明白的標題。在籌劃書每一局部設計的內容都不同，各個局部應該依據內容制造明白的標題。標題要顯現層次性，而且提出重點內容。

短小的段落。在籌劃書中，大段落的文字不只會吞沒主要觀念，而且很難吸收人閱讀，因而要運用較短小的段落，并且每一個段落只傳達一個重點信息或籌劃結論。

明白的序號。留意用序號來標示段落層次，不但能夠使信息脈絡明晰，而且能夠給讀者以明白的閱讀提示。

言語盡量群眾化，防止過多地運用專業術語。假如籌劃者和影視廣告主對它們有分歧的了解。而且專業術語不會發作誤解或了解艱難的狀況下能夠運用。

3、接近讀者技巧

籌劃人員在學問、經歷、專業范疇以及思想方式上與壓服對象存在著很大差別，因而要理解承受者的狀況，包括人數、位置、年齡、了解才能，其中承受者的了解才能最為重要。在撰寫影視廣告籌劃書時，應該依據承受者的不同特性，對寫作方式加以調整。

4、方式配合技巧

影視廣告制作籌劃書中的一些方式性要素能夠吸收讀者的留意力和興味，主要包括以下幾個方面：將數據以視覺化圖表的方式表達，能夠使籌劃書富于變化，容易吸收讀者的留意力；經過標題字體和表述中結論字體的變化，有利于突出重點，加強方式的靈敏性。普通來說，字體的大小應該依據內容的重要水平而有所區別；版面的規劃應該依照視野挪動的規律來停止，而且要注重版面的均衡勻稱等根本美學特征；籌劃文本的裝訂有多種選擇，但應以容易翻閱、不遮擋版面為首要準繩。除此之外我們還要留意，籌劃書在寫作上應當采取歸結的辦法，不要過多的演繹推論；防止冗長，通常影視廣告籌劃書不宜超越50-60頁；要闡明材料的來源，以標明推斷有所依據而非憑空想象，加強壓服力和可信度。

結束語 北京立鈞世紀營銷策劃公司首席專家任立軍認為，廣告創意可助客戶實現爆炸式增長，在市場中以及在對消費者的溝通中，應用有效的創意訴求抓住關注重心形成良好的傳播效應創意是廣告的生命和靈魂所在，是消費者接觸廣告時“引起興趣、形成記憶、最終購買”這一刺激程序形成的重要指標。

現代廣告已步入整合營銷（策劃）傳播時代，廣告營銷策劃創意已不止于廣告整體策劃中的部分，而是貫穿于廣告活動全過程。廣告創意對于整體廣告活動而言，具有戰略意義。它從企業的營銷目標和實力出發，研究廣告活動整體上如何與營銷目標相適應，并尋求差異化的傳播理念與實施方案，以實現企業的市場營銷目標。就此意義而言，廣告創意在今天仍然是廣告制勝的利器。

縱觀整個現代經濟社會發展的歷程來看，企業的成長、品牌的創建無不是伴隨著廣告而取得的。盡管現代營銷已經進入營銷3.0時代，廣告的作用不降反升，只是傳統廣告的份額在下

降，傳統廣告的受關注度影響力下降，新媒體和自媒體所引發的公關營銷、事件營銷、綠色營銷、關系營銷等一系列的新形式要求新型廣告模式以適應市場發展需求。

第五篇：廣告中雙關語技巧研究

[Abstract] In modern society, advertisement’s influence is universal.pun is to add more attraction, being applied as a kind of figures of speech in advertisement and deeply loved by people.pun has many forms of expression such as pun on polysemy, homophone, hononymy, parody, illustrations and words, grammar, etc.The advertisers use brand, idiom, and phrase, etc, to form pun skillfully.From the aspect of pragmatics, pun violates the Cooperative principle by Grice.people usually violate the maxims in four ways.The article analyses pun from the fourth way that the speaker may flout a maxim;that is, he may blatantly fail to fulfill it and to achieve some purpose.The proper use of pun in advertisement results in the effects of humor, wit, beauty, economy, warning, and even makes the product more competitive and profitable, and makes the advertisement sweet to the ear, and please both the eye and mind.[Key words] advertisement;pun;pragmatic maxims;pragmatic function

【摘 要】當今社會，廣告作為一種競爭手段無處不在，而雙關語是一種廣泛運用于廣告創作并深受人們喜愛的修辭格。雙關語的表現形式多種多樣，可分為一詞多義雙關，同音異義雙關，諧音雙關，仿擬雙關，插圖和文字雙關，語法雙關等。廣告商巧妙地運用品牌、成語、習語等構成雙關語以增加宣傳效果。但從語用學的角度去分析雙關語，它違背了Grice提出的合作原則。合作原則的違反通常有四種情況，而本文主要從第四種進行分析雙關語，即說話人公然不執行某一條準則，也就是說話人知道自己違反了一條準則，他還想讓聽話人知道他違反了一條準則。運用恰當的雙關語產生了幽默、風趣、經濟和警告的作用，使人享受語言的美，同時幫助廠家在激烈的競爭中立于不拜之地，獲得更大收益。

【關鍵詞】廣告；雙關語；語用原則；語用功能

1.Introduction

“The definition of advertisement by AMA(American Marketing Association): Advertising is the nonpersonal communication usually paid for and usually persuasive in nature about products, services of ideas by identified sponsors through the various media.[1] It is a device to arouse consumers’ attention to a commodity and induce them to use it.In modern age, people find themselves surrounded by various advertisements each day.An American writer writes: “ we find advertisement of all kinds everywhere, for example, glittering neon signs on top of high buildings and a long main streets, colorful pictures painted on buses pamphlets sent to very house, advertisement jammed between TV programs various advertisement glutting, newspaper and radio broadcast;etc.”[2] Facing so many advertisement, how to make the advertisement impressive is the main purpose of the advertisers.In order to enhance the appeal of an advertisement, advertisers pay much attention not only to such expressive devices as plates, color and the layout of a printed page, but also to the choice of words or phrases, to make an advertisement beautiful and attractive.In the practice of the advertising English, people pay more attention to pun to make the advertisement succinct, accurate and vivid and to provide rich imagination and plentiful associations for readers so as to stimulate their desire.The frequent and wide use of figures of speech is an important characteristic of advertising English, which is an effective way to make the advertisement attractive.Among the figures, pun is loved deeply.Oxford Advanced Dictionary defines pun as “humorous use of a word that has two meanings or of different words that sound the same”.[3] A pun(also known as paronomasia)can be understood like that it is a deliberate confusion of similar-sounding words of phrases for rhetorical effect, whether humorous or serious.It leaves a deep impression on readers by its readability, wit and humor.It can satisfy the requirement of advertisement characteristics—selling power, memory value, attention value, and readability.So pun is very popular in advertisement.The article just wants to present the pragmatic function and application of pun in advertisement.2.Types of pun in advertisement

A pun is a rhetorical device in which people use the polysemous, or homonymous relation of a language to cause a word, a sentence of a discourse to involve two things of meanings.It has several types.2.1 pun on polysemy

“While different words may have the same of similar meaning, the same one word may have more than one meaning.This is what we call polysemy, and such a word is called polysemic word.Historically speaking, polysemy can be understood as the growth and development of or change in the meaning of words.”[4] pun on polysemy is used widely, especially with the name of the product such as the following examples:

[1] “From sharp minds.Come sharp products.”[5]

The example is an advertisement for the Sharp copier.The word “sharp” praises the consumers’ brightness, but also refers to the Sharp product.The advertisement praises the consumers who are sharp to buy the product which is sharp.The vanity of the audiences is aroused and they want to use it to show their wise, and also they believe the product is really sharp.[2] “Money doesn’t grow on the trees.But it blossoms at our branches.Lioyd Bank.”[6]

It is the slogan of Lioyd Bank.“branch” means “part of a tree growing out from the trunk”, but here it implies the division of bank”.The slogan encourages people to store their money in Lioyd Bank, and their money will be like the blooming flowers, yielding better fruits.After understanding its meaning, readers will figure it out in mind that their money will become more and more daily and daily, just like the leaves in spring.2.2 pun on Homonymy

“Homonymy refers to the phenomenon that words with different meanings have the same form, i.e, different words are identical in sound or spelling, or in both.When two words are identical in sound, they are homophones.When the words are identical in spelling, they are homographs.When two words are identical in both spelling and sound, they are complete homonyms.”[7] The follow instances will explain that:

[3] “ ‘VIps’ an atomical comfort.Variable Impact pressure Sole”[8]

The advertisement of sportshoes uses the homophonic word “VIps”.As we know, VIp usually stands for “ very important persons”, while, here, it stands for “Variable Impact pressure Sole”.It implies if you use VIps, you will be a VIp.The word “VIps’ motivates the audiences’ vanity and induces them to buy the product.[4] “Trust us.Over 5000 ears of experience.”[9]

It is an advertisement for audiphone.The literal meaning is that the product has experienced a lot of texts.While “ears” and “years” are a pair of homophone.So it implies that the product has a long history and has high quality.[5] “Goodbuy

Winter!

100% cotton knitwear $40”[10]

It is an advertisement for the sale of winter clothes.The advertisement seems to people that it s a good and cheap to buy cotton knitwear.But when the audiences read “goodbuy winter” together, they will understand the good use of pun.“Goodbuy winter” sounds the same as “goodbye winter”.The advertisement use homophone to show two meanings: it is a good business to buy the cotton knitwear now, and winter has passed away.Naturally, people will associate the situation happening every year that when they say goodbye to winter, the clothes will have a great discount and it is good time to buy them.[6] “More sun and air for your sun and heir.”[11]

The advertisement is for a bathing beach.The advertiser uses homophone skilfully, sun vs.son, and air vs.heir.The advertiser encourages people to bring their son and heir to the bathing beach to get sun and air to keep fit.Each couple hopes their son and heir will be healthy all their life.pun makes the advertising language sound sweet, fluent and persuasive.2.3 pun on parody

“parody is a piece of speech, writing of music that imitates the style of an author, composer, etc in an amusing and often exaggerate way.”[12] pun on parody uses the outfit of saying, apothegm, proverb or idiom to form new meanings.English has a lot of well-known phrases, idioms and sayings.They are important part of everyday language spoken by the English speakers, and have become one of the aspects of the English culture.The advertisement designers are sharp-minded and imaginative.They change a part of the expressions and put their ideas into them to achieve sensational effect.And most of them achieve a remarkable success.The transformations are not only eye catching, but also easy to be accepted by the common, who will do according to the tradition.As the sayings of idioms have been one part of the tradition, the people will be easily persuaded by the advertisement works of this kind.So pun on parody is popular in advertisement.[7] “A Mars a day helps you work, rest and play.”[13]

It is the slogan of Mars chocolate company.Looking at this advertisement, people will associate it with two idioms: “An apple a day keeps the doctor away” and “ All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy”.From the meanings of the two idioms, the watchword tells people that a Mars’ chocolate a day will make you not be a dull boy(make you wise)and keep the doctor away(keep fit).[8] “Try our sweet corn, you’ll smile from ear to ear.”[14]

It is taken from the advertisement for a kind of sweet corn.The word “ear” has double meanings: the organ of hearing and the seed –bearing part of a cereal.Te idiom “ from ear to ear” also is a pun.One meaning is that people are satisfied with the product.The other one is that the consumers eat one ear by another.So the advertisement implies that the sweet corn is very delicious, and you will enjoy it and eating one by one.How can people refuse such delicious food?

[9] “All is well that ends well.”[15]

This is an idiom, but here, it is taken from an advertisement of a cigarette.“End”, as a verb, means “finish”, while, as a noun, means “cigarette butt”.The sentence means that if the cigarette ends are good that the cigarette is good.2.4 pun on Grammar

Many advertisers use pun produced for grammar problem to attract the audiences, such as ellipsis or word with different grammar functions.If this type of pun can be used properly, it will achieve unexpected effect.[10] “Which lager can claim to be truly German?

This can.” [16]

It is an advertisement for Lager beer.“Can” is a modal verb.But in the advertisement, a can of beer beside it reminds people “can” has another meaning—tin.Also “Lager” refers to the name of beer.With the illustration, the whole advertisement brings a humorous effect and impresses the audiences deeply.The Coca-cola company also uses “can” to do their advertisement.[11] “Coke refreshes you like no other can.” [17]

Just like last example, “ can ” has double meanings, so the sentence can be understand like that Coke refreshes you like no other(can;tin, drink)can(refresh you).It implies their product is the best one.Of course, people like to buy the best one.2.5 pun on Illustration and Words

A lot of advertisement associates with illustrations and words to achieve better effect, especially on TV, because people are more easily attracted by pictures than words.The illustrations and words can help people to understand the advertisement fully.pun in the advertisement must be connected with illustrations and words, so people can understand the implied meanings.For instances:

[12] “50% OFF.”[18]

It is a shopwindow advertisement of E-spirit exclusive shop in Shanghai from 2001 and spring festival.The illustration is a picture with six lights, three on and three off.From the illustration, people know it does not only mean a half of the lights are off, but also means the whole sale discounts 50%.The illustration and words are vivid, and attract the passers-by’ attention more easily.[13] “Stop at two.”[19]

It is the title of an public service advertising(pSA)which the population and community Development Association(pCDA)of Thailand uses to advocate the couple to have children no more than two.The illustration is the photo of Wistern Churchill who formed a “V” letter with his forefinger and middle finger.The gesture “V” means victory.So people also can understand that it is a victory to have only one child.This picture is famous, so people will remember it easily.To achieve the success of their country, people may more like to control the population.3.pragmatic analysis of advertisement pun

From analyses above, people can understand that a pun usually uses one word in a sentence relating to double meanings, surface meaning and implicit meanings, which is the main idea the speaker wants to convey.The advertisers like to use the double meanings to produce ambiguity.While, analyzing from pragmatic maxims, it breaches Cooperative principle.Just look at another example:

[14]You’ll go nuts for the nuts you get in Nux.[20]

In the advertisement, “go nuts” means “go to buy nuts”, here in the advertisement, it also means “go crazy” in the daily English expression.And “Nux” is the name of the product.So it means the nuts will make you crazy if you buy them in Nux.The use of pun violates the Cooperative principle, but what is Cooperative principle?

3.1 Cooperative principle

“The theory of conversational implicature was originally suggested by Herbert paul Grice, an Oxford philosopher, who later went to America.”[21] His approximation is “We might formulate a tough general principle which participants will be expected to observe namely: Make your conversational contribution such as is required, at the stage at which it occurs, by the accepted purpose of direction of the talk exchange in which you are engaged.One might label this the COOpERATIVE pRINCIpLE.”[22]

“In order to explain further the cooperative principle, abbreviated as Cp, Grice borrows from the German philosopher Immanuel Kant four categories: quantity, quality, relation and manner.That is, the Cp is specified from four aspects.And the content of each category is known as maxim.3.1.2 Quantity

a.Make your contribution as informative as is required(for the current purpose of the exchange)

b.Do not make your contribution more informative than is required”[23]

That is to say the quantity of the information you give must suit for the requirement, no less, no more.For instance, if you go to buy one pen, but the assistant gives you two pens, he breaches the Quantity.Because he should give one pen to you that you want.3.1.2 “Quality

a.Do not say what you believe to be false

b.Do not say that for which you lack adequate evidence”[24]

It means that the speaker can’t tell lies but only can say that which has been proved to be right fact.However, if the speaker thinks what he says is right, but in fact it is false, he still obeys the principle.Give you an example, if someone asks you to go shopping with him, but you don’t like to, so you tell him that you have a meeting tonight.At this time, you violate Quality, for you have told lies to your friend.3.1.3“Relation: be relevant”[25]

That means what you say must be relevant.For example, when you are hungry, you don’t expect you partner giving you a book, but a cake, because cake is relevant to your feeling at this situation.3.1.4 “Manner

a.Avoid obscurity of expression

b.Avoid ambiguity

c.Be brief(avoid unnecessary prolixity)

c.Be orderly”[26]

The maxim requires the words speaker used must be concise and without ambiguity.For instance:

[15] A: Will you go to Xiamen tomorrow?

B: Maybe.In the case, B violates Manner, because his answer is ambiguous.A still can’t get the answer he wants.After the explanation of Cp, a better understanding will be made by readers on above examples, which have violated the Cp.But why do the advertisers like to use pun to violate the Maxims deliberately? The answer can also be given by Grice.3.2 Violation of the maxims

Grice thought only both speaker and listener obey the principle, could their intercourse be concordant and harmonic.While he also noticed that people didn’t always obey the principle in social activity, on the contrary, they breached it intentionally.So Grice gives four ways to explain the failure to fulfill a maxim.“Firstly, he may quietly and unostentatiously VIOLATE a maxim;if so, in some cases he will be liable to mislead.” It means you are intentional to violate the maxim.[27] For example: If someone invites you to join in a party, but you don’t like to.Avoiding offence to him, you may say, “ sorry, I have promised Jim to go shopping”.At this time, you know you tell lies, but you have to.“Secondly, he may OpT OUT from the operation both of the maxim and the Cp;he may say, indicate, or allow it to become plain that he is unwilling to cooperate in the way the maxim requires.He may say, for example, I cannot say more;my lips are sealed.Thirdly, he may be faced by a CLASH: he may be unable, for example, to fulfill the first maxim of Quality(Be as informative as is required)without violating the second maxim of Quality(have adequate evidence for what you say).”[28] For example:

[16] A: Where does X live?

B: Somewhere in the suburbs of the city.The answer of B breaches the Quantity, because he provides less information that A wants to know.But if B really doesn’t know where X lives, he obeys the Quality that do not say what you lack adequate evidence;if B knows the address of B, yet he does not want to tell A, then he implicates that he doesn’t want to tell A.“Fourthly, he may FLOUT a maxim;that is, he may BLATANTLY fail to fulfill it.On the assumption that the speaker is able to fulfill the maxim and to do so without violating another maxim(because of a clash), is not opting out, and is not, in view of the blatancy of his performance, trying to mislead, the hearer faced with a minor problem;How can his saying what he did say be reconciled with the supposition that he is observing the overall Cp? This situation is one that characteristically gives rise to a conversational implicature;and when a conversational implicature is generated in this way, I say that a maxim is being EXpLOITED.”[29] Give an example:

[17] A: Where is Mary?

B: There is a blue car outside Bill’s house.In the conversation, B breaches Quantity, but if A assumes that B is willing to cooperate with him, he will try to relate his question to B’s answer.Basing on their common sense that Mary has a blue car, and then he will understand that B is telling him that Mary is at Bill’s house.In advertisement, the advertiser violates the cooperative principle in the fourth way to attain a certain purpose, thus making the utterance produce ambiguity.Although the advertisement disobeys the principle, but it can arouse the audiences curiosity and induce them to buy the product and at last achieve a better effect.Look at some advertisements:

[18] “You can buy Happiness.”[30]

It is the slogan of a shampoo advertisement.The advertisement breaches the Manner Maxim—avoid ambiguity, for happiness has double meanings here: “delight” and “the name of the product”.It wants to express the meaning that if you buy Happiness, you will attain happiness.Although it breaches the Cooperative principle, it impresses the audiences deeply and arouses their interest to have a try.[19] “In our country we keep animals in the forest and people in the cages.” [31]

It is the advertisement for Volvo Car Company.From the ad, people may give an assumption that they keep animals in the forest while shut themselves in the cages.But to the common sense, the phenomenon is impossible.So the advertisement breaches the Quality that you only can say what you think is right.But through the context of the advertisement, the audiences can understand the cages refer to Volvo car, and finally know the meaning of the advertisement that the Volvo Company aims at producing more and better cars for people.[20] “The Unique Spirit of Canada: we bottled it.Right to the finish, its Canadian spirit stands out from the ordinary.What keeps the flavor coming.Super lightness.Supper taste.If that’s where you’d like to head, set your course for Lord Calvert Canadian.” [32]

The example is taken from the advertisement of Lord Calvert Canadian.At the first sight of the advertisement, people would be drawn, for they wonder what’s the unique spirit of Canada.After thinking, they would find “To bottle the spirit” has two meanings here: one is to bottle the liquor;the other is to put the Canadian spirit into this liquor.The advertisement breaches Manner Maxim but arouses people’s curiosity.pun in the advertisement has a great function.4.The pragmatic function of pun in advertisement

pun has a lot of advantages such as conciseness, wit and humor, novelty and vividness.It produces a particularly rhetorical and pragmatic effect when people use the language creatively in a specified context.The proper use can make the advertisement impressive and attractive.4.1 Wit and humor

pun, the game of word, produces wit and humor effect to attract the audiences’ attention and inspires their association.In the age of rapid rhythm, advertisement with pun like a spice makes people enjoy themselves in the advertising atmosphere, and reduces their pressure in a relaxed environment.[21] “When the wind has a bite… and you feel like a bite… then bite on a whole Nut.”[33]

The word “bite” has several meanings: grip, food, and eat.The whole sentence means that when the strong wind hurts you and you are very hungry, just eat some Nut.After day working, people would feel tired and hungry, while the advertisement is just the situation of them.Therefore, they would be attracted to buy the product, so they will not suffer hunger after work.Also, the sentence sounds like tongue twist.[22] “Excellent Taste!”[34]

It is a word in an advertisement for a whiskey product—Jamson.In the advertisement, when the hero drank the Jamson whiskey that the heroine introduced to him, he said, “Excellent Taste”.Generally speaking, “taste” means “favor”, but here, another meaning is “the ability to appreciate what is beautiful”.So the advertisement means: this kind f whiskey as good flavor;the heroine has high appreciation.The advertiser uses pun to praise both the product and the consumers who choose their product.It caters for people’ vanity and induces them to buy the product.4.2 Creativeness and originality

This is typical of advertising language.An advertisement has a high demand of diction every word playing an important role.If human emotions have to be inspired, the words, strong in expressing emotions, will be chosen.In advertisement, originality is king.A new way of sending message can set a brand apart from copycats and also-rans.So it is important to use something novel such as coinage in the advertisement to draw people’ attention.Normally, a new created word accepted by readers can enhance the freshness and attraction of the advertisement.Good advertisers use coinage to refresh the advertisement and to achieve its propagandist purpose.[23] “Cab Fourward.”[35]

It is an advertisement title of Ram Car produced by Doqi company.The word “fourward” sounds like “forward”.Connecting it with the picture in the advertisement, people would know why it uses ‘fourward”.Because the four doors of this kind of car could be opened from four directions.The advertiser creates the word “fourward” from “forward” to show the speciality of the car.[24] “Catch the Raincheetah and cheat the rain.”[36]

It is an advertisement in Toronto Daily Star.The punny word “Raincheetah”, the name of the raincoat, sounds like “raincheater” while the word “raincheater” derives from “windcheater”.The word “cheat” in the sentence makes it wonderful and let people feel that this kind of raincoat can protect the consumers well.pun gives people impression of novelty and interest.4.3 Satisfying people’s requirement of beauty

A good advertisement is a text from which people can appreciate the art of language, especially advertisement using pun.pun in advertisement is orderly and antithetic that makes people feel the aesthetic modality of language.The characters of pun, such as vividness, wit and humor, pleasure people’s spirit and let them enjoy the beauty of language.For instance:

[25] “Give your hair a touch of spring.”[37]

It is an advertisement for shampoo.The word “spring” here is very vivid and like a picture in people’ mind: after using the shampoo, the long hair becomes elastic and shining.When you stand there, your hair will go with wind.Everyone likes beauty, so the advertisement caters for people’ desire and induces them to buy the product to make them more beautiful.4.4 Satisfying the requirement of society--Economy

With the rapid development of the society, people become busier and busier, so they require short and easy remembered advertisement to supply the message they want.But how to impress the audiences is a question.The answer is using pun.But why is pun especially favored by the advertiser? The main reasons as following:

“Firstly, advertisement is paid message, with limited space and time, so it doesn’t allow verbiage to waste the investment.pun with double meaning has the characteristic of small carrier but plenty of connotations.So it is very economic, effective and money-saving to the advertiser.Secondly, in modern society, people pay more and more attention to effect, and get tired of the tedious advertisement.The pun in advertisement is usually formed by short sentences.Some use the name of the product as the theme of the advertisement.Some use excellent phrases to show the specialties of the product.To the audiences, it saves their time to get the information they want.Thirdly, usually, the audiences read or watch advertisement unintentionally and only can remember something unconsciously.So, to achieve expected propagandist effect, the advertisement must reduce the memory message.pun is suitable for the requirement.The content is short, the form rhythmic, and the style novel, which are easily remembered and impressed people deeply.”[38]

In a word, pun uses fewer words to express full message which is the content of Economy principle, and it usually reaches the purpose of advertisement that is arouse consumers’ attention to a commodity and induce them to use it.For instance:

[26] “Two beer or not two beer, that’s a question.----Shakesbeer”[39]

Looking at the beer advertisement, people would associate it with the proverb “To be or knot to be, that’s a question” in Hamlet.Shakesbeer is the name of the beer, but it sounds like “Shakespeare” who is known nearly all over the world, so it is easy for people to remember the Shakesbeer.And the word said by Hamlet is also very famous, especially in western country.The sentence is short and the pattern is famous, so people will remember the product naturally.[27] “Go well, Go Shell.”[40]

It is an advertisement for Shell Oil Company.“Well” sounds like “where”, so it implies that go to Shell company to buy oil.Only four words are used in the advertisement, but express the meaning fully and impress people deeply.Imagine that one day, when you drive your car, suddenly, the oil is run out.So you are wondering where to go, then, of course, you will remember the words “Go well, go Shell”.So you will go to Shell at once.The slogans impress the audiences deeply and persuade them to buy the product invisibly.[28] “Make Time For Time.”[41]

It is an advertisement for Time magazine.The advertisement uses the pun on homonymy of the word “time” to refer two meanings: common sense of time, and the name of he magazine.The advertisement means that read Time magazine to seize time.In the society full of competition, time is important and magazines also play an important role which people have to read to broaden their view.While Time magazine will not only broaden view, but also save your time.It satisfies people’s requirement.4.5 Implying Warning

Some advertisements imply warming.pun can make the warming vivid and effective so that people can pay attention to it.For instances:

[29] “Better late than the late.”[42]

It is a public service advertising of traffic.It derives from the proverb “Better late than never”.In the sentence, “the late” means” the dead”, and it reminds the drivers to drive slowly and carefully.The advertisement with pun here has more powerful to persuade the drivers to care their security.Another example:

[30] “The driver is safer when the road is dry;

The road is safer when the driver is dry.”[43]

It is also an advertisement for safe driving.The excellent word is “dry” which has double meanings: without water and without drinking.It expresses if the road is dry and the driver doesn’t drink, all drivers will be safer.The antitheses and thyme of the sentence has more powerful to warm people.4.6.Making the product more profitable and competitive

The speciality of pun is useful in advertisement, and favored by people.If a advertiser can make full use of it to satisfy people’s requirement, the product may precede others and gain the market.[31] “A deal with us means a good deal to you.”[44]

Here, the double meanings of “deal” are: the amount and business.The meanings of the advertisement are that: do trade with us is a good business to you;doing business with us, you will get a lot.Advertisers use pun skilful to inspire the audiences’ curiosity and attract their interest to do the deal.[32] “powe to influence others.”[45]

It is an advertisement for a Hector powe Clothing Company.They advocate that if you wear their clothes, you will have power to influence other people.Because “powe” is like “power”.It satisfies people’s desire of power, so they like to have a try.Thus, it will bring great profit to the powe company.Maybe people with the clothes can’t have more power, but the company has the power to influence the market.5.Conclusion

Advertisement is a way for the company to propaganda their product.To gain the market among the severe competition, it is important to carry out a wonderful advertisement to promote their product, and figures of speech is an effective way to achieve the purpose.Among the figures, pun is a wide and frequent approach, because it is an effective way to make the advertisement attractive, accurate, striking, vivid and forceful.Although pun violates the pragmatic maxims, it can correspond to the requirement that said by Geoffrey N.Leech, a famous British linguist, that advertising words must be vivid, conspicuous and impressive, with high readability and the force to promote sales, so it is used widely in advertisement.pun in advertisement has many forms of expression such as pun on polysemy, homophone, hononymy, parody, illustrations and words, grammar, etc.and can result in the effects of humor, wit, beauty, economy, warning, and even makes the product more competitive and profitable.So only understand its pragmatic analysis, types and function of pun, can it be used rightly and make the advertisement sweet to the ear, and pleasing both the eye and mind.Bibliography

[1] Oxford Advanced Learner’s English—Chinese Dictionary [Z], Oxford University press,1997/7, p1202

[2] 王燕希，廣告英語一本通[M]，廣東，對外經濟貿易大學出版社，2004/6，p7

[3] 張昭苑，段海生，English Advertisement and Its Translation[J], 重慶郵電學院學報（社會科學版），2004/11，p605

[4] 戴煒棟，何兆熊，新編簡明英語語言學教程[M]，上海外語教育出版社，2002/7，p74-75

[5] 付紅橋，簡析廣告中的雙關語[J]，重慶工學院學報，2004/6，18（3），p42

[6] 趙永冠，英語廣告中的雙關語[J]，廣西，欽州師范高等專科學校學報，2003/12，18（4），p50

[7] 同[4] p75

[8] 楊惠馨，英漢廣告中的雙關語及其英漢互譯[J]，新疆師范大學學報（哲學社會科學版），2003/9，24（3），p180

[9] 同[7] p49

[10] 同[6] p52

[11] 同[7] p49

[12] 同[4] p1067

[13] 同[7] p49

[14] 同[6] p51

[15] 同[7] p50

[16] 同[7] p49

[17] 同[6] p50

[18] 同[8] p75

[19] 同[8] p75

[20] 同[7] p49

[21] 姜望琪，語用學理論及應用[M]，北京大學出版社，2000，p34

[22] 同[21] p34

[23] 同[21] p39

[24] 同[21] p39

[25] 同[21] p40

[26] 同[21] p40

[27] 同[21] p44

[28] 同[21] p44

[29] 同[21] p44

[30] 金井，英語廣告中的雙關語[Z]，北京，英語通，2005/10，p50

[31] 經貿英語教研室，語用原則和廣告雙關語[J]，長沙民政學院外語系，2005/7/28，p36

[32] Du Juan, On the Diction Characteristics of English Newspaper Advertisement [J], Journal

of Lan Zhou University(social sciences), 2000,vol.28, p236

[33] 同[7] p50

[34] 同[30] p50

[35] 同[6] p35

[36] 王燕，英語廣告雙關語的語用技巧及其語用分析[J]，湖南科技學院學報，2005/10，p296

[37] 同[5] p42

[38] 同[30] p50

[39] 周紅，英語廣告雙關語的運用技巧及其語用功能[J]，北京，國際關系學院學報，2005，p123

[40] 同[5] p42

[41] 王笑施，廣告英語語言技巧淺析[J]，北京郵電大學學報（社會科學版），2001/4，3（2），p62

[42] 同[41] p123

[43] 同[7] p50

[44] 同[39] p295

[45] 同[6] p51