第一篇：高中英語作文：Knowledge is Power (觀點闡釋型 )

高中英語作文范文：Knowledge is Power(觀點闡釋型）

針對知識就是力量這句話，結合實例來談談對它的體會和感受。

首先，寫出這句話的寓意，和啟示。

然后，結合具體的事例，闡釋為什么知識就是力量。

最后，我們作為青年人應該怎么去實踐這句話。

There goes a famous proverb, “knowledge is power.” We can be informed a great deal from it.Without knowledge, by no means can we achieve our life goal.Knowledge is like the wind in the ocean, which helps us-the boats move swifter towards the right direction.As is frequently heard, “knowledge can change one's fate.” My brother-in-law is an exact explanation for this sentence.He was born in a remote countryside in Sichuan, whose parents are both farmers.Via his great efforts, he was enrolled in Peking University and became an excellent doctor in a prestigious hospital after graduation.Whenever taking about his experience, he always tells us “knowledge did change his fate.”

Taking the above mentioned into consideration,I suppose it is a wise option to concentrate on study from now on.Believing the power of knowledge, we can create miracles not only for us but for our nation.

第二篇：觀點表達型作文

觀點表達型作文

分類：正反觀點

選擇類觀點

寫作步驟：

1、有人認為X是好事，贊成X，為什么？

2、有人認為X是壞事，反對X，為什么？

3、我的看法

有用的作文句子結構：

1． 段首句

1）There are different opinions among people as to….Some people suggest that….關于……人們有不同的觀點.一些人認為……

2）People’s opinions about … vary from person to person.Some people say that….To

them,….關于……人們的觀點各不相同,一些人認為/說……,在他們看來,……

2.中間段落句

1）On the contrary, there are some people in favor of ….At the same time, they say….相反,有一些人贊成……,他們相信……,而且,他們認為……

2)However, other people hold a different point of view….但是另外一些人卻持不同的觀點.3)Those who criticize/oppose to/ object to…argue/ maintain/ assert/ believe / hold the idea that ….那些批評/反對…..的人認為……..3.末尾段

1）Nonetheless, I believe that…is more advantageous.盡管如此,我相信……更有利.2)I fully agree with the statement that …because….我完全同意……這種觀點/陳述,主要理由如下:……

3)For my part/ As to me/As far as I am concerned, I’d like to agree with the former/ my favor goes to the first view.就我而言,我贊成前一種觀點.4)I agree with the latter opinion to some extent.我比較贊同后一種觀點.5)In my opinion, both sides are partly right.When we… we should take into consideration all aspects of the problems and then make the right decision.我認為雙方都有一定的道理.當我們……, 我們應該全面地考慮問題,然后作出正確的選擇.Exercises:

Do Lucky Numbers Really Bring Luck?

1． 有些人認為某些數字會帶來運氣

2． 也有些人認為數字與運氣無關

3． 試說明你的看法

Reading Selectively or Extensively?

1． 有人認為讀書要有選擇

2． 有人認為應當博覽群書

3． 我的看法

第三篇：觀點論證型作文

觀點論證型作文

觀點論證型作文通常是提出一種觀點或現象，要求考生對這一觀點或現象進行解釋或論證，體裁多為議論文。這種題型常見的結構模式是： 第一段：提出某種觀點或現象。

第二段：論證該觀點或現象的正確性或危害性。

第三段：結論，再次強調主題，或表明自己的態度、做法。

常用模板(一)

It is true that___________.(普遍的觀點)However,__________.（不同的觀點/現象）I think_______________.（“我”的觀點）The reasons can be listed as follows.Firstly, __________.(論據一)Secondly, ____________.(論據二)For example,_______________.(支持論據二的事例)Thirdly, ______________.(論據三)A case in point is _______________.(支持論據三的事例)It goes without saying/There is no doubt that _______________.(重申觀點)Therefore, ___________.(與該觀點相符合的做法)In a word,___________.(總結全文)

舉例：

Directions: For this part, you allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Wealth and Happiness.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below: 1.每個人都想獲得財富，財富似乎就是幸福 2.其實世界上有許多東西是財富換不來的。

Wealth and Happiness

It is true that wealth has always been what people long for.However, wealth doesn’t necessarily mean happiness in today’s world.I think this is reasonable.The reasons can be listed as follows.Firstly, good health, which can not be bought with money, also plays an important role in a happy life.Secondly, wealth may encourage those weak—willed people to be addicted to some harmful habits and bring about their own ruin.For example, some people spend money on drugs and gambling which in turn make them having nothing.Thirdly, there are something that are indispensable but priceless.A case in point is love.There is no doubt that wealth is not equal to happiness.Therefore, we should not attach to much importance to wealth.In a word, we should earn money with honest work, but not be crazy about money.常用模板(二)

Many people believe that _____________.(社會現象/事實現象)The true is deep and profound.As we know,______________.(具體闡述觀點的正確性的表現一)In addition, _______________.(具體闡述觀點的正確性的表現二)

There are numerous examples supporting this argument.A case in point is ___________.(闡述第一個例子)This is close to suggest _______________.(總結例一，通過舉例得出觀點正確)For another example, _______.(引出并說明第二個例子)Moreover, _______________.(列舉支持論點的具體事例三)

All mentioned above tell us that _____________.(總結上文，重申論點)But(one thing we have to notice is that______________.(提出個人建議)In short,_________.(總結全文，再次強調觀點的重要性或正確性)

舉例：

Directions: For this part, you allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below: 1.怎樣理解“有志者事竟成” 2.試舉例說明

Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way

Many people believe the proverb “Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way”.The true is deep and profound.As we know, as long as a person possesses a strong will he will certainly accomplish a task no matter how difficult it is.In addition, if he persists, he will eventually succeed.There are numerous examples supporting this argument.A case in point is that Karl Marx, who spent five years on his greatest work Das Kapital, won the respect from the people all over the world.This is close to suggest that strong will is vital factor to one’s final success.For another example, Cao Xueqin met lots of hardship in his pursuit for literature, but finally completed the world famous book Dreams of Red Chamber.Moreover, among us college students, those who persist studying hard and make it eventually are also good examples.All mentioned above tell us that if we wish to succeed, we first have a resolution and remember the saying “Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way”.But one thing we have to notice is that a strong will must be accompanied by a right direction, which shouldn’t be blind.In short, whatever you do, please remember: Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way.常用模板(三)It is well known that ___________.(開門見山，直接提出論點)The truth is self—evident.No one can deny that ______________.(進一步以我們所知道的道理闡述觀點)Therefore, _____________________.(總結第一段，強調要論證的觀點)Many remarkable factors / reasons contribute to this argument.First of all, ___________.(列舉論證理由一)For example, _____________.(舉例說明理由一)What’s more, ________________.(列舉論證理由二)Besides, ______________________.(列舉論證理由三)All mentioned above tell us that _____________.(承接上文，重申觀點)Therefore, there is no denying that ________________.(得出結論或應該采取的做法)In short, _________________.(總結全文，再次強調觀點的正確性或重要性)舉例：

Directions: For this part, you allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Improving the Chinese People’s English Level.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below: 1.提高全民族英語素質的必要性 2.分析其原因 3.你的看法

Improving the Chinese People’s English Level It is well known that the importance of grasping English is overemphasized in China.The truth of it is self—evident.No one can deny that English is quite important to us college students.Therefore, improving Chinese people’s overall English level is quite necessary and urgent.Many remarkable reasons contribute to this argument.First of all, with the good command of English, we can better communicate with people from different countries and learn from them to improve ourselves.For example, since more foreigners come to China, and more Chinese go abroad, it is becoming urgent for us to study English well, or we will have difficulties in understanding each other.What’s more, with good knowledge of English, we can take in more advanced technology and management experience, which is very important for our modernization construction.Besides, our nation needs a large number of experts who have a good command of foreign languages.All mentioned above tell us that English is of much importance in every respect of china’s development.Therefore, there is no doubt that every one of us should do our best to improve our English quality and get prepared for the coming challenges and opportunities.In short, improving the Chinese people’s English level is a necessity for China’s development in the future.常用句型：

● 引出格言的常用舉例

1)One of the early writers/famous scientists/ancient philosophers said that …

2)Here is an old saying,….It is the experience of our forefathers.However, it is correct in many cases even today.3)Many years ago, a writer/scientist/philosopher remarked(/pointed out/commented): “…” His words reveals / reflects a truth that….● 舉例說明的常用句型： 1)Take … for example,… 2)A good case in point is …

3)Perhaps the most important/telling/dramatic/striking example of … is…

4)I can think of no better illustration of the idea/view than the fact/example/case of...●事實證明的常用句型：

1)No one can deny/doubt/ignore the fact that …

2)We must face/accept/admit/point out the fact that…

3)It brings out/sets fort/reveals/demonstrates a(n)important(unquestionable)fact that …

4)There is strong/sufficient/considerable evidence that/to show that/as to/against/in favor of …

5)Personal experience / case in history suggest that….●深入闡述的過渡常用句型：

1）But that’s only part of the story/explanation.Perhaps the most significant / remarkable / surprising about … is ….2)Another equally important / essential role(aspect/function/consideration)is….3)… is but one of many effects/aspects.Another is …

4)Besides, / In addition to this, / Apart from this, another way/aspect is … ●結論性結尾的常用句型：

1)From what has been discussed above, / Taking into account all these factors, / Judging from all the evidence offered, we may safely/reasonably arrive at(come to / reach / draw)the conclusion that …

2)The evidence upon all sides / analysis we have made / reasons we have advanced confirms(points to / leads to)an unshakable conclusion that ….3)In summary/conclusion/a word/short, it is more important/valuable …

Assignments:

一．觀點論證型作文訓練：

Directions: For this part, you allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Making a Public Speech.You should write at least 120 words(CET-4)or 150 words(CET-6)and base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below: 1.演講能力對大學生來說很重要 2.試論證該觀點

二．應用文作文訓練：

1.四級同學完成Test 6 的寫作 2.六級同學完成Test 7的寫作

第四篇：高中英語作文 問題解決型

現象解釋型

這類命題要求考生對某一社會現象進行解釋, 并加以評論。特點：

第一段：描述現象；

第二段：分析或闡述這種現象或存在的原因；

第三段：提出建議或總結觀點。首段（描述現象）

① Nowadays, with the reform of（現象的背景）,（描述現象）

.② This phenomenon has been brought into public focus and called for further concern.② In recent years, wherever you go,（描述現象）.② This issue has aroused the greatest concern.③Currently, along with the advance of the society, an important issue that（描述現象）is brought to our attention.② Consequently,（概況描述現象產生的結果）.中間段（分析現象）

A number of factors could account for the phenomenon, but the following are the most critical ones.First of all,（原因一）.What’s more,（原因二）.In addition,（原因三）.結尾段（作者看法+前景展望）

As far as I am concerned.（作者對現象的看法）There is still a long way for us to（促進或限制現象）, but as a student myself, I find it rewarding and interesting.結尾段（現象產生的結果）

The awareness of the importance of this issue should be enhanced and some proper measures should be taken.It is reasonable for us to believe that the situation will be improved in the near future.Attention Should Be Given to Spelling 1.如今不少學生在英語學習中不重視拼寫 2.出現這種情況的原因 3.這種現象導致的結果

問題解決型

這類命題通常首先提出一個有待解決的問題，然后要求考生就該問題提出解決方法、途徑，有時還要求考生最后談論適合自己的方法。特點：

第一段：提出問題或闡述某件事情的重要性或意義；

第二段：列舉說明處理某事的方式或解決某個問題的途徑；

第三段：針對第二段所闡述的方法給予簡要的評論，也可提出個人建議或選擇，并闡述理由。

此題型的寫作重點在How，即解決問題的辦法 首段（提出問題）

① Nowadays, with the rapid economical development and intense competition, people are attaching more and more importance to（提出問題）。②So it is of great importance for us to（關注問題的要性）.③On the one hand,（問題后果一）.④On the other hand,（問題的后果二）.⑤As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.首段（提出問題）

② Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that（提出問題）。②It is of great significance that（解決問題很必要）.③On the one hand,（解決問題的必要性一）.④On the other hand,（解決問題的必要性一）.⑤Accordingly, how to solve the problem becomes the top priority for us.中間段（解決問題的辦法）

① There are many steps which can be taken to solve this problem.⑦First of all,(途徑一).⑧In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is(途徑二).中間段（解決問題的辦法）

②Many ways can contribute to solving this serious problem, but the following ones may be the most effective.⑦First of all，.⑧Another way to solve the problem is

.⑨Finally，.⑩These are not the best and the only two/three measures we can take, but it should be noted that ______.★★★解決方法題型

要求考生列舉出解決問題的多種途徑 １． 問題現狀

２． 怎樣解決(解決方案的優缺點)

In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious.First,------------(說明Ａ的現狀)．Second,----------(舉例進一步說明現狀)

Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.For one thing,---------------(解決方法一).For another-------------(解決方法二).Finally,--------------(解決方法三).Personally, I believe that-------------(我的解決方法).Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because--------------(帶來的好處).現象說明文

Recently _______,what amazes us most is______________,it is ture that__________.There are many reasons explaining__________________________.The main reason is____________________.what is more_________________________.thirdly__________________________.As a result_______________.Considering all there,________________________.For one thing_____________________,for another________

____.In Conclusion____________________.結構模板一:

Nowadays it is generally accepted that問題.There are many reasons accounting for該問題.Special attention should be paid to the fact that 該問題

is bringing great damage.On one hand/for one thing, 原因一/危害一.On the other hand/ for another,原因二/危害二.Therefore, it is high time that 解決該問題.Many a way can be adopted to 解決該問題./ Many a factor plays an important role in 解決該問題.Firstly/ first of all , 方法一／因素一．Secondly/ in addition, 方法二／因素二，Thirdly/ Besides/ Moreover,方法三／因素三.Only through these ways/ only in this way該問題才能夠解決． 例文: 1.目前盜版的現象比較嚴重 2.造成這種現象的原因及危害 3.我們應該怎么做

Nowadays it is generally accepted that piracy is becoming more and more of a problem in China.Many products, such as tape, CD and hi-tech devices can be copied.Shortly after a newly-developed product is put on the market, people will unsurprisingly find its pirated counterparts in the stores Special attention should be paid to the fact that piracy is bringing great damage.On one hand, pirated products often cost far less than the original ones, so they enjoy unbeatable advantage in price in spite of their relatively poor quality, and the original ones, on the contrary, sell poorly.On the other hand, in the long run, pirated products may also have negative impacts on customers since those producers’ enthusiasm may be greatly hurt as a result of money loss.Therefore, it is high time that we solved the problem as soon as possible.Many a way can be adopted to reduce the piracy phenomenon.First of all, it is the duty of the government to call on everyone to fight the battle against piracy.In addition, as customers, we should develop our consciousness to resist pirated products.Moreover, strict laws and decrees are of great importance.Only in this way can this problem be solved radically.結構模板二:

Nowadays , it is generally accepted that 總述該問題.表現一/作用一.Additionally, 表現二/作用二.Therefore, how to總述該問題 is worth paying more attention to.The following ways can be adopted to 解決該問題./ Some effective measures have been taken to 解決該問題./ Many a factor plays an important role in 解決該問題.Firstly/ First of all，方法一/因素一.Secondly/ In addition,方法二/因素二.Thirdly/ Besides/ Moreover, 方法三/因素三.As for me/ As far as I am concerned, 我的建議或看法/ 我的理由一.Besides/ In addition,我的理由二.總結觀點.例文: 1.面試在求職過程中的作用

2.取得面試成功的因素：儀表、舉止談吐、能力、專業知識、自信、實事求是......Nowadays it is generally accepted that a job interview plays an indispensable role in the process of job hunting.It is obvious that it is a good chance to display talented performance.Additionally, if a job seeker can make thebest use of the interview and leave a good impression on the interviewer, he may be lucky enough to get the job competed for by many applicants.Therefore, how to succeed in a job interview is worth paying great attention to.Several factors play an important role in a successful interview.First of all, interviewees should dress neatly and properly since the first impression is always where we start.In addition, the interviewee must demonstrate his ability and skills for the job and his knowledge about job-related areas.Moreover, a really impressive job seeker must convey a sense of self-confidence.As far as I am concerned, the importance of an interview can’t be overemphasized.If the interviewee presents his most attractive qualities during an interview, he will most probably obtain the job he has been dreaming of.Besides, opportunity is for those who are well-prepared.All in all, it is necessary that we learn some points to perform better in a job interview.Task 1:On a Harmonious Dormitory Life.1.一個和諧的宿舍生活的必要性 2.如何創造和諧的宿舍生活 3.我的看法

Task 2.Traffic in the City 1.交通是現代城市的一大問題

2.噪音污染和堵車是兩大主要交通問題 3.解決交通問題的手段有很多種

TASK 3 How Should Parents Help Children to be Independent？ 目前，不少父母為孩子包辦一切 為了孩子的獨立，父母應該。。。

問題解決型作文模板：

第一段：引出現象，并指出這種現象的后果

（引出現象的句型還有：

[1].Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of)...has cause/aroused/captured public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.最近……現象的日益增多已經引起了全世界/公眾/廣泛的注意。

[2].Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of......has been brought into focus.(has been brought into public attention)最近……的問題已經成為人們關注的焦點。

[3].Nowadays, there is growing concern about the problem/ phenomenon that……如今，越來越多的人開始關注……

[4] Nowadays, an increasing number of people come to realize／be aware of the importance of… 現在越來越多的人開始意識到……的重要性。

【5】Nowadays, more and more people are concerned about the problem of… 現在越來越多的人開始關注……的問題。

[6] It is undeniable／There is no denying the fact that…has be come the utmost concern among people nowadays.不可否認，……已經成為人們最關注的問題。

第二段：提出解決的辦法

引出解決辦法的常用句型：

[1]

Confronted with----A----, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.For one thing,---------------(解決方法一).For another-------------(解決方法二).Finally,--------------(解決方法三).面對……，我們應該采取一系列的措施來應對目前的形勢。

[2]

It is essential／indispensable that proper actions／effective measures should be taken to reverse this situation／trend.為了扭轉局勢，我們有必要采取有效的措施。

[3]

It is hoped／suggested that considerable／great efforts should be directed to／focused on…

希望(據建議)我們全力以赴……

[4]

There is no easy／immediate solution／approach to the issue of… but… might be beneficial／helpful.并沒有很容易的方法來解決這個問題，……有可能會有幫助的。

第三段：總結這樣做的好處 常用句型：

Only in this way can we…

只有這樣,我們才能…As a basic skill in English studying, correct spelling plays a great important role in communication.However, nowadays, more and more students tend to pay less and less attention to it stead of focusing on only speaking.Based on related surveys, the following can be concluded to contribute to the situation.On the one hand, some students themselves, to avoid making great efforts in spelling, prefer to choose such easy ways to study English as through E-dictionaries or computers, that usually causes them to make some mistakes in spelling.On the other hand, a great number of teachers seem to be more concerned with grammar and vocabulary but not spelling in their teaching practice to improve students’ grades;therefore, students inappropriately spend less time and attention on their spelling.As far as I’m concerned, there are many possible measures to be taken to solve the problem.To students, besides realizing the importance of spelling in exams and daily contacts, they should write as much as they can to form a goof habit of studying, that is, “never read books unless write some notes|”.To teachers, they should be stricter with students in correct spelling and make dictations be a class compulsory task.Only by joint efforts of students and teachers can the misspelling problem be solved.TASK1 On a Harmonious Dormitory Life

Recently, there has been a discussion about a harmonious dormitory life, which is important to us college students and benefits all the members.In a harmonious environment, we can have a good rest and put our heart into study.Additionally, we will have a good mood and enjoy being together.Therefore, it is high time that efforts were driven to boost the harmony in college residences.The following ways can be adopted to create and maintain a harmonious dormitory life.First of all, we have to evaluate our life style and try to get rid of our bad habits, if there are any.Secondly, when an annoying situation arises, we have to learn to tolerate each other and co-exist.Thirdly, we should learn to share with each other and make good friends.Only through these ways can we build a harmonious dormitory life.It is no doubt that dormitory life is an indispensable part of college life and no one can ignore it.As for me, consideration for others is an effective solution to conflicts in life.In conclusion, a harmonious dormitory environment plays a positive role in college students’ studies and lives, and we must try our best to keep it well.Task 2.Traffic in the City

Nowadays it is generally accepted that traffic is one of the greatest problems of a modern city.As more and more people buy their own cars, air pollution as well as noise pollutions becomes more and more serious.Additionally, roads are packed with cars, buses and bicycles so that traffic jam is very common.Therefore, how to deal with traffic problem is worth paying more attention to.The following ways can be adopted.Firstly, more streets and roads should be constructed.Secondly, the private car ownership should be limited.Thirdly, underground train and city train should be developed quickly.As for me, the number of private cars should be put under control.More cars mean more pollution.In addition, more cars are a great challenge to roads, as the building of roads is not as speedy ad the increasing of cars.In a word, it is advisable that less motor vehicle be used.TASK 3 How Should Parents Help Children to be Independent？

Nowadays, there is a growing concern over the phenomenon that some parents take care of almost everything concerned with their children, including study, work and marriage.Some parents believe that this is love, however, it is only to destroy children’s independence thoroughly.For the future of the next generation, more efforts should be made by parents to help their children to be independent.Most importantly, parents should help to cultivate children’s awareness of the importance and necessity of being independent, which is supposed to begin from childhood.In addition, Children should be taught that no one can be stronger and more helpful than themselves in this world.The importance of independence is so indispensable for us that parents had better act as a tutor, not a dictator.And only with parents' trust, can the next generation accumulate confidence step by step.

第五篇：如何闡釋觀點和分析事例(學生用)

議論文如何闡釋觀點和分析事例

一、議論文如何闡釋觀點？

例段1：皎皎月光，我掬一縷最亮的；點點星輝，我摘一顆最美的；灼灼紅葉，我采一片最艷的。此時我選擇人生的支點——獨立。

獨立是一種光亮卻不耀眼的光輝，一種圓潤但不膩耳的聲響，一種不向周圍的人申訴求苦的大氣，一種不向周圍的人阿諛奉承的清高。它是一種風格，一種自然。（2007年考場優秀作文《我的獨立宣言》片段）

例段2：雖然“摔跤”了，但是小孩敢于大膽嘗試的精神仍然值得我們學習。如果我們因害怕“摔跤”而墨守成規，那么社會文明怎么進步？歷史的長河又怎能向前？因此，我們做任何事情都不要害怕“摔跤”。

不怕“摔跤”，猶如老鷹敢于向藍天白云沖刺，在天空劃下美麗的弧線；不怕“摔跤”，猶如臘梅迎著霜雪依舊暗香滿乾坤，令人心曠神怡；不怕“摔跤”，猶如青松咬定山崖不放，挺立于危崖澗畔，展現了一幅迎客松的華美篇章。（2007年考場優秀作文《不怕摔跤》片段）

例段3：“千磨萬擊還堅勁，任爾東西南北風”，是青翠的竹在向你昭示著它的意氣，昭示著一種貫穿生命的不屈與堅韌；

“不愛沙灘擢貝子，揚帆擊楫戲中流”，是浪頂峰尖的弄潮兒在昭示著他的意氣，昭示著一種蓬勃于血脈中的勇敢和無懼；

“仰天大笑出門去，我輩豈是蓬蒿人”，是驕傲的行者在向你昭示著他的意氣，昭示著一種托起生命、托起希望的堅定的信心。

意氣，生命的支撐，成功的基石。（2006年考場優秀作文《談意氣》片段）例段4：所謂“無規矩不成方圓”。這個圓使我想到了循規蹈矩，穩定，規范。有人認為這樣就是死板，有人卻偏愛這個圖形，認為這才是個性的張揚。

什么是個性的張揚呢？周杰倫手舞雙節棍唱著“哼哼哈嘿”是一種個性；女子十二樂坊站著拉二胡是一種個性；梵高的《向日葵》又是另外一種個性??其實，個性就是展現自我的風采，展現自我的才華，展現自我的見解。我們應當承認，個性張揚有利于個人的發展，也有利于社會的進步。（2006年考場優秀作文《星星發光張揚個性》片段）

二、議論文如何分析事例？

1、思考：

請同學們看看下面兩則例文。比較論據的使用上哪一則存在問題？你覺得存在什么問題？

材料一：

貧窮也是一種財富。“自古英才出寒家”。司馬光出身貧寒；范仲淹兩歲喪父，隨母改嫁，幼時連稠一點的粥都難以吃到；明代大學士宋濂家里一貧如洗。荷蘭畫家梵高也曾兩袖清風，一文不名，生活上常靠著弟弟接濟；蘇聯偉大作家高爾基曾經是個流浪兒；居里夫人剛滿十歲就去打工……。可見貧困也是一筆財富。材料二：

我們中國人是有骨氣的。戰國時代的孟子，有幾句很好的話：“富貴不能淫，貧賤不能 1 移，威武不能屈，此之謂大丈夫。”意思是說，高官厚祿收買不了，貧窮困苦折磨不了，強暴武力威脅不了，這就是所謂大丈夫。大丈夫的這種種行為，表現出了英雄氣概，我們今天就叫做有骨氣。

南宋末年，首都臨安被元軍攻入，丞相文天祥組織武裝力量堅決抵抗，失敗被俘后，元朝勸他投降，他寫了一首詩，其中有兩句是：“人生自古誰無死，留取丹心照汗青。”意思是人總是要死的，就看怎樣死法，是屈辱而死呢，還是為民族利益而死？他選取了后者，要把這片忠心紀錄在歷史上。文天祥被拘囚在北京一個陰濕的地牢里，受盡了折磨，元朝多次派人勸他，只要投降，便可以做大官，但他堅決拒絕，終于在公元1282年被殺害了。

孟子說的幾句話，在文天祥身上都表現出來了。他寫的有名的《正氣歌》，歌頌了古代有骨氣的人的英雄氣概，并且以自己的生命來抗拒壓迫，號召人民繼續起來反抗。

2、方法學習： 材料三：

有志者事竟成。王羲之九歲就開始練字，立志要做書法家，無論嚴寒酷暑，還是刮風下雨，從不間斷。他在紹興蘭亭的一個水池邊練字，池水都被他洗筆硯染黑了，他那俊秀飄逸的字體，千百年來被人們奉為瑰寶。假如王羲之根本沒有想過要當什么書法家，只是平庸過日子，那他絕不可能有這么堅強的意志去練字。那么，王羲之其人也不為我們后人所知。由此可見，立志對一個人來說是多么重要呀！

遷移訓練題：

論點：“走出屬于自己的一步，才會彰顯個性，取得成功

材料四：

學習借鑒會助你成功，但一味模仿則必然導致失敗。東施羨慕西施的美麗，覺得她一肌一容盡態極妍，便學習她的姿態，照搬她的舉止動作；可她終究不是西施，在別人看來她不但不美麗，反而成為做作的典型。真是偷雞不成反蝕米，她的一腔苦水只能硬生生吞進肚里。假若……

東施能充分認識自身的特點，發揮自身優勢而不是盲目模仿，或許也會成為一種新形式的“美”的代表，使欣賞她的人在她的石榴裙下拜倒。

材料五：

自信但不能盲目。三國時的馬謖乃蜀軍一員大將。鎮守街亭，他把二十萬大軍駐扎在高山上，久經沙場的老將王平力勸他撤離此山，理由讓在場的將士信服，但唯有馬謖仍然堅持自己的意見，結果被司馬氏圍山斷水，放火燒山，蜀軍不戰而亂，幾乎全軍覆沒。馬謖也依軍法被處斬，身首異處。街亭失守，是因為馬謖不懂兵法嗎？不，他自幼熟讀兵法，曾獻計于諸葛亮，使其七擒孟獲，平定南方邊境；又離間曹睿與司馬懿，使司馬懿被罷官歸田。馬謖的失敗，是因為他狂妄自大，盲目自信，不能聽取別人的正確意見。

“前事不忘，后事之師”，我們在決策、辦事時不能盲目自信，要擇善而從，虛心聽取他人的意見，這樣才能獲得成功。

遷移訓練題：

結合下面的例子，用因果分析法論證下面的觀點：

論點：磨難，它對于意志堅強者，只不過是人生路上的一簾風雨，只要勇敢地走過去，2 前方是另一片藍天。

例子：貝多芬雙耳失聰，卻能在這樣的磨難下創造出不朽的交響曲，撼人心靈 ；司馬遷遭受腐刑，卻能在這樣的恥辱中寫成《史記》汗青溢光 ；一代體操王子李寧 淚灑漢城后黯然退出體壇，卻又另辟天地，讓“李寧牌”系列運動用品風靡中國的體育用品市場。

范例：

有時候磨難，恰恰能夠歷練人生，綻放光彩。貝多芬雙耳失聰，卻能在這樣的磨難下創造出不朽的交響曲，撼人心靈，那是因為他不屈服命運壓打，頑強抗拒厄運，才譜出了人類的心靈之歌。司馬遷遭受腐刑，卻能在這樣的恥辱中寫成《史記》汗青溢光，那是因為他有堅定如山的信念，剛毅如鐵的意志，于誹謗譏嘲中堅持自己的志向，才成為一代“史圣”，一代體操王子李寧 淚灑漢城后黯然退出體壇，卻又另辟天地，讓“李寧牌”系列運動用品風靡中國的體育用品市場。那是因為他懂得承受失敗，不為失敗所嚇倒，才能在失敗中開拓出一條新路。

（材料六）范例：

文天祥當面叱責前來勸降的叛將呂文煥，最后在獄中不屈不撓．從容就義．實踐了“人生自古誰無死，留取丹心照汗青”的壯志；徐悲鴻面對洋學生的誣蔑，勇于向洋學生挑戰，勤學苦練，在多次競賽和考練中一直名列前茅．使那位洋學生不得不承認中國人富有聰明才智。朱自清寧愿餓死，堅決簽名拒絕美援和拒絕接受配售的美國洋面粉，表現出高尚的民族氣節和不妥協的反帝精神。華羅庚得知祖國解放的消息，毅然決然地拋棄了洋樓、汽車，帶著全家登上郵船，回到祖國的懷抱。這些人的所作所為．真正表現了富貴不淫．貧賤不移，威武不屈的大丈夫氣概．他們是有骨氣的中國人，他們的凜然正氣將永遠名垂青史，永遠為人們所敬仰。

材料七：

勤出成果。馬克思寫《資本論》，辛勤勞動40年，閱讀了數量驚人的書籍，其中作過筆記的就有1500種以上。司馬遷著《史記》，從二十歲起就開始周游，足跡遍及黃河、長江流域，匯集了大量的社會素材和歷史素材，為《史記》的創作奠定了基礎。歌德花了58年時間，搜集了大量材料，寫出了對世界文學界和思想界產生很大影響的詩劇《浮士德》。我國現代數學家陳景潤，在攀登數學高峰的道路上，翻閱了國內外的上千本有關資料，通宵達旦地看書學習，取得了震驚世界的成就。上海一個女青年堅持自學，十年如一日，終于考上了高能物理研究生。可見，任何一項成就的取得都是與勤分不開的。古今中外概莫能外。

材料八：

《老子。道德經》有云：“合抱之木，生于毫末；九層之臺，起于累土；千里之行，始于足下。”（材料句）“合抱之木”，不可謂不“大”；“九層之臺”，不可謂不“高”；“千里之行”，不可謂不“遠”。然而，這“大”“高”“遠”，都是從“毫末”“累土”“足下”開始的。（正面分析）不自“毫末”，何來“合抱”？不起“累土”，哪來“九層”？不始“足下”，何以“千里”？（反面闡釋）（分析句）可見，一切貴在“始”。（結論句）

3、總結：

在運用論據分析的方法上應該注意的問題：

1、分析必須結合論據，緊緊圍繞論點展開；

2、同一論據，可以采用多種分析的方法，到底用哪一種，要視具體情況而定、3、同一論據，可以提出不同的論點，要靈活運用不同的分析方法。

三、[實戰訓練]閱讀下面的材料，根據要求作文。

俗語云，“行百里者半九十”。日本作家芥川龍之介說：“九十九步是一半，一步是一半。”就平常而言，一個人要有所成就，就必須付出比別人多的代價，但很多時候，你只要努力向前跨出一步。這樣的例子實在太多了。電話的發明者貝爾只不過在物理實驗中把一個旋鈕多旋了幾圈，一個改變世界文明的發明就這樣誕生了。而在這之前，愛迪生及許多科學家都認為電話不可行而放棄了試驗。

要求：請以“再向前跨一步”為話題寫一篇議論文，題目自擬，不少于800字。

解釋俗語：走一百里路，走了九十里才算是一半。比喻做事愈接近成功愈要認真對待。

例子：明朝末年打進了北京城的農民起義領袖李自成由于被暫時的勝利沖昏了頭腦，盲目輕敵，剛愎自用，結果大好的江山毀于一旦，李自成也落得個亡命天涯的結局。“行百里者 半九十”，越到最后關頭，越是緊要關頭，越需要我們咬緊牙關堅持到底，不容許我們 有絲毫的疏忽大意。