第一篇:英語詞序 典型例題
多個形容詞修飾名詞時,其順序為:
限定詞--數詞--描繪詞--(大小,長短,形狀,新舊,顏色)--出處--材料性質,類別--名詞
a small round table a tall gray building a dirty old brown shirt a famous German medical school an expensive Japanese sports car 典型例題: 1)Tony is going camping with ___ boys.A.little two otherB.two little otherC.two other little D.little other two 答案:C。由“限定詞--數詞--描繪詞--(大小,長短,形狀,新舊,顏色)--性質--名詞”的公式可知數詞,描繪詞,性質依次順序,只有C符合答案。2)
1、冠詞(article)定冠詞(DEFINITE ARTICLE),3)限定詞
4)不定冠詞(INDEFINITE ARTICLE),零冠詞(ZERO ARTICLE)5)
2、形容詞性的代詞物主限定詞(POSSESSIVE PRONOUN DETERMINER),my, your, his, her, our, your, their,its.6)
名詞屬格(GENITIVE NOUN),John's, my friend's.7)
指示限定詞(DEMONSTRATIVE DETERMINER),this, that, these, those, such.8)
關系限定詞(RELATIVE DETERMINER),whose, which.9)
疑問限定詞(INTERROGATIVE DETERMINER),what, which, whose.10)
不定限定詞(INDEFINITE DETERMINER),no, some, any, each, every, enough, either, neither, all, both, half, several, many, much,(a)few,(a)little, other, another.11)
3、數詞(numeral)基數詞(CARDINAL NUMERAL)和序數詞(ORDINAL NUMERAL)12)
倍數詞(MULTIPLICATIVE NUMERAL)和分數詞(FRACTIONAL NUMERAL)13)
4、量詞(QUANTIFIER)a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great of, a good deal of, a large of, a small amount of, a quantity of, a great of, a good number of等。限定詞的相互搭配關系為:前位+中位+后位
中位限定詞包括:
冠詞:a(n), the
指示代詞:this, that, these, those
形容詞性物主代詞:my, your, his, her, our, etc
名詞屬格:Jim’s, my mother’s
不定代詞:some, any, no, every, each, either, neither, enough, etc
連接代詞what(ever), which(ever), whose, etc
前位限定詞包括:all, both, half;double, twice, three times, etc;one-third, two-fifths, etc;what, such,(a / an)等。
后位限定詞包括:one, two, three, etc;first, second, third, etc;next, last, other, another, etc;many, much,(a)few,(a)little, fewer,(the)fewest, less,(the)least, more, most;several, plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a great / large / good number of, a great / good deal of, a large / small amount of;such等。
2)One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace.A.old Chinese stone B.Chinese old stoneC.old stone ChineseD.Chinese stone old 答案A.幾個形容詞修飾一個名詞,他們的排列順序是:年齡,形狀,大小+顏色+來源+質地+用途+國家+名詞。
3)----How was your recent visit to Qingdao?----It was great.We visited some friends,and spent the ___days at the seaside.A.few last sunny B.last few sunny C.last sunny few D.few sunny last 答案:B。本題考查多個形容詞的排序問題。一般與被修飾形容詞關系密切的形容詞靠近名詞;如果幾個形容詞的重要性差不多,音節少的形容詞在前,音節多的方在后,在不能確定時,可參照下表:
限定詞+數量詞(序數詞在前,基數詞在后)+性狀形容詞+大小、長短、高低等形體+ those + three + beautiful + large + square 新舊+顏色+國籍+材料+名詞 old + brown + wood + table
第二篇:英語代詞典型例題
[讀卷]2009年“專轉本”英語代詞典型例題
1.“How often do you take the medicine ?” “______ four hours.”
A.For
B.Any
C.Every
D.Each 【答案及解析】答案選 C 2.“Is this bike yours?” “No,it's ______.”
A.Bob
B.Bobs
C.Bob's
D.Bobs' 【答案及解析】答案選 C
3.“Is there ______ good on TV this evening?” “Sorry,nothing good.” A.nothing
B.something
C.anything
D.everything 【答案及解析】答案選 C 肯定句中用something,否定句和疑問句中用anything.4.You have a good suggestion,but it's not as practical as _______.A.he
B.him
C.his
D.her 【答案及解析】答案選 C
5.A chemist prepares his experiments carefully before trying to carry _____ in his lab.A.it out
B.out it
C.them out
D.out them 【答案及解析】答案選 C carry out 實施 賓格放在詞組中間,名詞放在詞組后面 如,carry out his experiments.1.Nowadays _____ seems to enjoy looking at fat girls.That is why many companies have developed special foods to help people to slim(苗條)
A.everyone
B.anybody C.somebody
D.no one
【答案及解析】答案選D enjoy doing sth.anybody在疑問句和否定句中指沒有人,在肯定句中指任何人
2.You have to hurry up if you want to buy eggs because there's hardly _____ left.A.anything
B.something C.nothing
D.everything 【答案及解析】答案選A hardly 否定詞,幾乎不 3.He felt bad because he had drunk too _____ the night before.A.many
B.much
C.few
D.little 【答案及解析】答案選B 本題主要考查可數名詞和不可數名詞 drink too much 喝多了
too much wine 太多的酒
4.She promised her parents to write _______ while she was away.A.other day
B.another day C.every other day
D.any other day 【答案及解析】答案選C every other 每隔?? 5.It was terrible.One passenger was killed,and _____ was badly hurt.A.the others
B.rest C.the rest D.the other 【答案及解析】答案選D he others后面謂語動詞接復數
1.Some people hope to be more successful while _____ simply want to feel more comfortable.A.the others
B.others C.the other
D.another 【答案及解析】答案選 B some others, comfortable 舒適的
2.If anyone happens to call while I am out of the office,please have ________ leave a message for me.A.he
B.him
C.they
D.them 【答案及解析】答案選B have sb.do sth.讓某人做某事
3.The first thing that my brother and _______ did in the early morning was to go out to see the pony.A.I
B.me
C.mine
D.my 【答案及解析】答案選A pony 小馬,主語 first thing,謂語動詞 was to go out to see,賓語 the pony.4.“I'd like some more bananas.” “I'm sorry,there is _______ left.” A.no
B.some
C.few
D.none 【答案及解析】答案選D
5.There are two windows in this bedroom._______ of them face south,overlooking a beautiful park.A.Both
B.One
C.The two
D.Either 【答案及解析】答案選A either 開頭謂語動詞要接單數,both謂語動詞用復數
1.“I felt a bit hungry.” “Why don't you have ______ bread?”
A.any
B.Some
C.little
D.a piece 【答案及解析】答案選 B習語 Why don't you have some??
2.The jacket doesn't fit Terry,as he has _______ huge body and the jacket is _____ small.A.such a; such
B.such a; so C.so ; so
D.so ; such a 【答案及解析】答案選 B such修飾名詞,so修飾形容詞 so huge the body 3.“Why are you smiling?”
“Oh,I've just thought of _________.” A.funny something
B.something funny C.nothing funny
D.funny anything 【答案及解析】答案選 B 形容詞修飾不定代詞要放在不定代詞的后面 不定代詞:something,anything,somebody,anybody,nothing,nobody.4.Young babies can use _________ hand equally well.A.either
B.each
C.both
D.every 【答案及解析】答案選A 強調兩者之中任何一個 5._______ road out of town is good,but this one is better than the other.A.Both
B.All
C.None
D.Neither 【答案及解析】答案選 D
1.It was at the music hall _______ we met each other for the first time.A.when
B.where
C.which
D.that 【答案及解析】答案選 D 強調句
2.Modern technology has made ______ possible for the whole world to be closer than ever before.A.this
B.that
C.it
D it's 【答案及解析】答案選 C it is possible ??是可能的
3.It is during his spare time _______ John has been studying a course in French.A.when
B.that
C.which
D.what 【答案及解析】答案選 B it is?? 強調句 4.“Have you heard the news about Tom?” “No,what _______ ?” A.was it
B.were they
C.are they
D.is it 【答案及解析】答案選 D news 當消息講是不可數名詞
5.I wonder why ________ possible for you to do the work by yourself.A.you
B.you are
C.it isn't
D.you were 【答案及解析】答案選 C I wonder why 賓語從句 1.“Did Amy's parents leave her any money?” “No,she has to support ______ now.” A.herself
B.by herself C.all alone
D.on her own 【答案及解析】答案選 A support oneself 養活自己
2.In _____ own way,mathematics can be as creative and exciting as poetry.A.It
B.Its
C.their
D.theirs 【答案及解析】答案選 B mathematics 數學(單數)
3.Neighbors ought to respect _______.A.themselves
B.one another
C.each one
D.to each other 【答案及解析】答案選 B
4.This furniture is different from _______.A.ones
B.your
C.that one
D.that 【答案及解析】答案選 D furniture是不可數名詞,5.For ______ interested in nature,the club offers hikes and overnight camping each week during the summer.A.that
B.this
C.these
D.those 【答案及解析】答案選 D hike 徒步旅行,overnight camping在野外露營
1.“May I help you with some shoes,sir?” “Yes,I'd like to try on those brown _______.” A.one
B.ones
C.two
D.pair
【答案及解析】答案選 B shoes是復數,對應ones, try on 試穿
2.“Do you like the book Sidney gave you?” “Very much.It's exactly _______ I wanted.” A.one which
B.the one
C.one that
D.one what 【答案及解析】答案選 B 下文提到上文提到的單數可數名詞,用the one
3.“Shall I mail the letter for you?” “Yes,I'd appreciate ________.”
A.that you do B.you to do it
C.this
D.it 【答案及解析】答案選 D 指代前面提到的事,用it.4.The patient chiefly lived on milk and fruit because he had ______ to eat.A.nothing else
B.anything else C.something other
D.nothing other 【答案及解析】答案選 A 修飾不定代詞的形容詞放在不定代詞的后面 live on 以??為生 5.________ doesn't matter what you do at this point.A.They
B.All
C.He
D.It 【答案及解析】答案選 D it doesn't matter 沒關系 1.People have proved _________ to be true that the heat we get from coal and oil comes from the sun.A.that
B.it
C.this
D./ 【答案及解析】答案選 B it 是形式賓語,that從句是真正的賓語
2.I don't think ________ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A.it
B.that
C.this
D.those 【答案及解析】答案選 A
3.“Were all three people in the car injured in the accident?” “No,______ only the two passengers who got hurt.” A.it was
B.there is C.it were
D.there was 【答案及解析】答案選 A 強調句
4.__________ he realized it was too late to return home.A.No sooner it grew dark than B.Hardly it grew dark when C.It was not until dark that D.Scarcely it grew dark when 【答案及解析】答案選 D no sooner than=as soon as 一??就??, scarcely when=as soon as, hardly when=as soon as
5.It was not until she arrived in class ________ realized she had forgotten her book.A.and
B.when she
C.She
D.that she 【答案及解析】答案選 D not until 直到??才 6.It was ______ who arrived there first,despite our detour(繞路)
A.us
B.we
C.our
D.ours 【答案及解析】答案選 B
7.It was _______ the next morning that Kunta began to think about where he was going.A.after
B.before
C.when
D.not until 【答案及解析】答案選 D after 在??之后, before 在??之前, when 當??時候, not until 直到??才
8.It was _______ he got a map that he started on his away.A.until
B.till
C.not until
D.not till 【答案及解析】答案選 C until 直到, till 直到, not until 直到??才
第三篇:典型例題
【典型例題】She had a great ___ for the town where she grew up.A.affection
B.affectation
C.infection
D.affectionate 【試題詳解】答案 A 她熱愛她長大的那座小鎮 have an affection for 對??有感情
affectation n.矯揉造作 infection n.傳染,感染 affectionate adj.深情的
【常用短語】have an affection for sbsth 【詞匯補充】affect v.喜愛 affectionate adj.深愛的
【典型例題】How to talk to Martin is rather an____ question.A.advanced
B.absolute
C.accurate
D.academic 【試題詳解】答案 D 如何讓與火星人交談是一個學術性很強的問題。academic question 學術問題;advanced 高級的accurate 準確的 absolute 絕對的
【詞匯補充】academicals 博士服,碩士服 academic year 學年 academician 院士 academy 私立中學 academicism 墨守成規
【典型例題】When you __ big , believe big , and pray big , big things happen!A.affirm
B.know C.agree
D.ensure 【試題詳解】答案是A。句意:當你確認偉大,相信你偉大,起到偉大,偉大的事情就會發生!
affirm肯定,斷言;know知道;agree同意;ensure保證,確保。
【典型考題】
The _____ of the past week had left her exhausted.A anxieties
B concerns
C expectations
D anticipation 解析:由同意詞辨析可知此題答案選 A 意為過去一個星期的擔憂使她筋疲力盡。
【典型考題】: Now,let us come to item No.5 on the __.A.plan
B.program
C.agenda
D.project 解析:答案是C。句意:現在讓我們討論議事日程上的第五項。
agenda待議諸事一覽表;program(行動)計劃;project工程,項目;plan計劃。
【典型考題】
Age affects the range of a person’s ______ A capacities B capabilities
C capacious D capable 解析:答案選B 此題考查易錯詞辨析。句意為年齡影響一個人能力的大小。Capacity 表示
容量容積明顯不符合題意。后兩個答案分別為他們的形容詞形式。【典型考題】
He’s had no end of bad luck but he just seems to ______ every time.A.bounce back
B.recover
C.reverse
D.come to 解析:答案選A 句意:他總是遇到不如意的事,但是好像每次都能恢復過來。bounce back 指失意后恢復過來。【典型考題】
Everyone is encouraged to ____ food and clothing for the refugees.A attribute
B contribute
C stimulate
D distribute 解析:答案為B ,此題考查對形近詞的區分。句意:鼓勵每個人為難民捐助食品和衣物。contribute 表示“捐贈,出錢(力)”,因為本題是鼓勵每個人,所以不可能是“分發”食品和衣物,只會是“捐贈”
【Derivative】
contributor n.捐助者,投稿者 ; contribution n.貢獻,捐獻物
contributive adj.有助的,促成的 ;contributory adj.促成的,捐助性的。【典型考題】
Everyone is encouraged to ____ food and clothing for the refugees.A attribute
B contribute
C stimulate
D distribute 解析:答案為B ,此題考查對形近詞的區分。句意:鼓勵每個人為難民捐助食品和衣物。contribute 表示“捐贈,出錢(力)”,因為本題是鼓勵每個人,所以不可能是“分發”食品和衣物,只會是“捐贈”
Counsel/???????/ noun, verb ? Noun 1.(formal)advice, especially given by older people or experts;a peiece of advice(尤指老年人或專家的)勸告,忠告,建議:Listen to the counsel of your elders.2 a lawyer or group of lawyers representing sb in a court of law 律師:the counsel for the defence/prosecution.? Verb 1 to listen to and give support or professional advice to sb who needs help.為某人提供幫助:Therapists were brought in to counsel the bereaved.2 to advise sb to do sth 建議,勸告(做某事)Most experts counsel caution in such cases.【Common phrases】
a counsel of despair 知難而退的建議
; a counsel of perfection 聽上去完美卻難以實行的建議
; keep your own counsel 保留自己的意見。【Derivative】
counseling noun 咨詢,輔導
; counselor noun 顧問,輔導顧問 【易錯詞】
Council;noun a group of people who are elected to govern an area such as a city or county.【典型考題】
The court then heard_____ for the dead woman’s father.A council
B councilor
C counsel
D counselor 解析:答案選C,句意為:法庭接著聽取了已死女人的父親所請律師的陳述。A項意為委員會 此題考查形近詞。[典型考題]
That is Taoist pragmatistic ___and positivist___.a.crisp b.crisis c.crises d.criminate [試題分析] 答案為b.[詳細解答] 這主要表現為道教的“實用主義危機”和“實證主義危機.a.crisp是鈔票;c.crises是危險;d.criminate是指控,譴責的意思,均與原文不符。[典型考題]
I want an appointment for a___time and place.a.definitive b.definitely c.definite d.distinct [試題分析] 答案為c [詳細解答] 句意:我要有確切的時間和地點的約會。表示“明確的,不可能引起誤解的”;顯然約會的時間和地點是不能含糊的,應該明確無誤的。[典型考題] Believe in each child is own----potentiality.a.developmental b.experimental c.formative d.development [試題分析] 答案為a.[詳細解答] 句意為 相信每一個兒童都有發展的潛能。b.experimental多用于表達實驗(性)的, 試驗(性)的;而c.formative是(影響)形成〔構成, 發展〕的,但developmental更貼近句意;d.development為名詞,詞性不符。
[典型考題]。
He could not give a ____explanation of his intention.A.distinct B.Obvious C.clear D.plain [試題分析] 答案為 A.[試題分析] 本題考查近義詞的辨析問題。他不能清楚明白地解釋他的意圖。Distinct指人表達思想,概念清楚明白;指容易感受到或看到。本題的賓語是“解釋他的意圖”。Obvious指事物一目了然,含無可置疑之意。Clear范圍較廣,指事物清楚明白;plain注重作品等顯而易見的,淺顯易懂的。
[典型考題]:
I was most ____to hear the sad news for your father death.a.distressed b.distressing c.distressful d.distress [試題分析] 分析:答案為a.[試題詳解] distressed我聽到你父親去世的消息,十分難過。Distressed使某人感動痛苦,難過。多用于修飾人。而b.distressing以形容事情令人痛苦為主;c.distressful與b.distressing 的用法相
同,多用于修飾事件;d.distress是動詞,此處應為形容詞,詞性不符。
[典型考題] In most universities, males and females live in the same____.a.room b.flat c.chamber d.dorm [試題分析]
分析:答案為d.[試題詳解] 在大部分高校,男生和女生住在相同的宿舍里。room指房間,顯然與原句不合邏輯;flat強調一套房間,公寓套房;c.chamber是指會議廳,會所。所以只有d.dorm最符合原文。而且學生公寓一般均用dorm表示。?典型考題?That old professor is a walking____.A.book
B.encyclopedia C.novel
D.fiction ?試題分析?本題為詞義辨析題。考查名詞的辨義。
?詳細解答?典型考題答案B。句意:那位老教授是一個活百科。book n.書本,書籍;encyclopedia n.百科全書;novel n.長篇故事,小說;fiction n.虛構的文學作品,小說。典型考題? His____ are limited, and scarcely fit him for his post.A.endorsement
B.engagement C.endowment
D.enlargement ?試題分析?本題是形近詞辨析題。?詳細解答?典型考題答案C。句意:他的天資很有限,不太適合擔任這項職務。endorsement n.1.(公開的)贊同,支持,認可,2.(通常為名人在廣告中為某一產品的)宣傳,吹噓;engagement n.預約,約會,訂婚:enlargement n.擴大物(尤指照片),擴大,增大;endowment n.天資,天賦。?典型考題? Is it____ to promote cigarettes through advertising? A.ethereal
B.ethnic C.ether
D.ethical ?試題分析?本題是形近詞辨析題。
?詳細解答?典型考題答案D。句意:通過廣告推銷香煙合乎道德嗎?ethereal adj.輕飄的,靈氣的;ethnic adj.種族的,民族的;ether n.乙醚,太空;ethical adj.合乎道德的?典型考題?Students of social problems investigate the home, social and moral_____(s)of different classes of people.A.surroundings
B.conditions C.environment
C.situation ?試題分析?本題為詞義辨析題。考查名詞的辨義。?詳細解答?典型考題答案C。句意:研究社會問題的學者調查各階層人民的家庭,社會和精神方面的生活環境。surrounding 多指 地理環境;condition 意為“情況,條件”;situation 指“情況,狀況”;environment指“環境”。
?典型考題?The teacher____ the performance of each student.A.evacuated
B.evaluated
C.equated
D.evoked ?試題分析?本題是詞義辨析題。?詳細解答?典型考題答案B。句意:老師對每個學生的成績進行評估。evacuate vt.撤退,疏散;equate vt.同等看待,使相等,與equal是同根;evoke vt.喚起,激起;evaluate vt.對某物進行評價,評估。
[典型考題]They complained about the __noise coming from the upstairs flat.A、overladen B、immoderate C、inordinate D、excessive [試題分析]近義詞辨析 答案為D [詳細解答]句意為他們抱怨樓上發出的噪音太大。A意為裝貨過多的;(房間)裝飾[擺設]過多的;(工作)負擔過多的。B意為無節制的,極端的C意為紊亂的;放肆的,無限制的, 無節制的D excessive noise 表示噪音的音量很大
[詞形變換]exceed v.超過 excess n.超過,超越,過量,過度 excessively adv.極端地,過分地
[典型考題]America has suffered the __crisis.A、economic
B、economical C、financial
D、monetary [試題分析]近義詞辨析 答案為C [詳細解答]固定搭配 financial crisis 金融危機。A意為經濟的, 經濟學的
合算的, 有經濟效益的B意為節約的, 節儉的, 經濟的 D意為貨幣的;通貨的;錢的;金融的;財政的
[詞形變換]finances n、財力、財源、基金;finance n、財政、金融;financer n、財政家、金融家;financially adv、在財政上、在經濟上
【典型例題】It's the music to ____ the dramatic effect.A.enhance
B.heighten
C.intensify
D.aggravate 【試題詳解】答案 B
那是用于提高戲劇效果的配樂。
區別 enhanceheightenintensifyaggravate 這些動詞均有“加強,增強”之意: enhance:側重指增加價值,魅力或聲望等使人或物具有超科尋常的吸引力。
heighten:通常指使某物的某種性質變得不同一般的顯著或突出。intensify:指深化或強化某事或某物,尤指其特別之處。aggravate:指加劇令人不快或困難的形勢。
【典型例題】She had no ___ about making her opinions known.A.fear
B.afraid
C.interest
D.inhibition 【試題詳解】答案 D 她敢于公開地談論自己的想法。
fear “害怕” 常用搭配“fear of for sth”
afraid “恐懼的” 常用搭配 “be afraid of sth” interest “興趣”
常用搭配 “interest inon sth”
【詞形變換】inhibit v.阻止;使拘束
inhibited adj.拘謹的 【典型考題】 He has ___his mother’s patience.A.inhabited
B.inhibited
C.inhered
D.inherited 【試題詳解】答案 D 這種耐心是母親遺傳給他的。
inhabit v.居住
inhibit v.阻止;抑制
inhere v.存在于??中;歸屬于 inherit v.繼承
【常用短語】 inherit(sth)from sb 【典型例題】Perfume____ with the skin’s natural chemicals.A.communicate
B.influence
C.affect
D.interact 【試題詳解】答案 D 香水和皮膚的天然化學物質相互作用。communicate with sb “與某人溝通”
influence 僅指單方面的影響,對??起作用 affect 同上“influence”
【典型例題】There was a serious incident ___ a group of youths.A.including
B.revolving
C.involving
D.evolving 【試題詳解】答案C 有一起嚴重的事件涉及一群年輕人。include v.包含,包括 revolve v.旋轉,轉動
evolve v.發展,演變
【常用短語】involve(sb)in sthdoing sth
beget involed in sth beget involed with sb 【詞形變換】involved adj.有關聯的;復雜的;關系密切的1)【典型考題】
The cherk of the House prepares the ___ of the House.A
journal B diary C
record 答案:A 解析:下議院的書記整理了下議院的議事錄。Journal 在這里的是議事程的意思,diary 是指日記,不僅記錄所發生之事,還強調包括個人情感與想法。
【典型考題】
As he reached ___ Bandit became more difficult to live with.A mature B ripe
C maturity
D matured 答案:D
解析:然而到了成年之后,邦就變得特別難相處。Reach
maturity 表示長大成熟,為固定搭配,ripe通常表示作物和時機成熟。
【典型考題】He likes to show off his ___ physique.A.male
B.masculine
C.manly
D.man 答案:B
解析:句意:他喜歡顯示他強健的男子本色。Masculine指在心理上或身體上具有男子特征,本句中形容詞所修飾的名詞是physique(體魄),所以,masculine 符合題意。
【典型考題】She has a deep ____of strangers, so she never lkes to talk to them.A.mistrust
B.distrust
C.trust
D.untrustworth 答案:A
解析:她對陌生人猜忌及深,她也從不喜歡跟陌生人搭訕。根據句意。C選項不符合題意,D為形容詞,所填選項必須為名詞,予以排除。distrust 和 mistrust 都有猜忌的意思,但差別很小。distrust 更為通用,語氣稍強,確信某人不誠實或不可信常用distrust.表示并不信任則大概用mistrust.這里只是表示她對陌生人不信任所以選A.【典型考題】Have you listened to ___ this morning ? A newsagent B newspaper C newsdom D newscast 答案:D 解析:newsagent 意為報刊經銷人,newspaper 不符合題意,newsdom 代表報界,固選D 代表新聞。
[典型考題] He ____ through themist,trying to find the right path.A.pecked B.peered C.peeped D.peeled [試題分析] 本題考查形近詞的辨析。pecked 啄;peered 仔細看;peeped 偷窺;peeled 削皮;可知正確答案為B
[典型考題] I ___his commment as a challenge.A. feeled B.observed C.perceived D.comprehend [試題分析] 本題考查近義詞辨析。perceive 的意思是interpret sth in a certain way,與as 搭配。選C 【典型考題】He was born in a ___ family.A single parent B single-parent C single-parents D single-parental 答案:B 解析:single-parent 為固定搭配意為“單親家庭的”。他出身在一個單親家庭。所填詞應屬形容詞性質,B符合題意。
parental 本身就是形容詞,所以D選項不符合題意,予以排除。
[典型考題] Mr.Smith had an unusual ___, he was first an office clerk, then a sailor, and ended up as a school teacher.A.profession B.occupation C.position D.carrer
[試題分析] 本題考查近義詞辨析。A,B指所從事的職業,C 是指所在職位,D指職業生涯。正確答案為D。
[典型試題]
The next edition of the book is ___ for publication in March.A.projected B.propelled C.professed D.protected [試題分析] 本題考查形近詞辨析。project是計劃、規劃的意思。propel是推動、迫使的意思。C 項 公開表明的。protect 保護。
[典型考題]
Few people will admit being racially ___.A.pride B.proud C.prejudiced D.pessimistic [試題分析] 本題考查形近詞辨析。A、B項的意思是驕傲的,自豪的;C項是有偏見的、有歧視的;D項的意思是悲觀的。根據句意,很少有人愿意承認他們有種族歧視,正確答案為C。
第四篇:典型例題
典型例題
一、填空題
1.教育是社會主義現代化建設的基礎,國家保障教育事業優先發展。全社會應當關心和支持教育事業的發展。全社會應當尊重教師。
2.新課程的三維目標是 知識與技能目標、過程與方法目標和情感態度與價值觀目標。
二、單項選擇題(下列所給的選項中,只有一個最符合題目要求)
1.《基礎教育課程改革綱要(試行)》中指出,國家課程標準(A)
A.是教學和命題的依據B.包括教學重點和難點
C.是大多數學生都能達到的最高要求D.是根據專家的意見編制的2.人們常說:“教學有法,而無定法”。這反映了教師勞動具有(B)
A.示范性B.創造性C.間接性D.主體性
三、判斷題(請判斷下列各題的觀點是否正確,正確的打“√”,錯誤的打“”。
1.學生評教是促進教師發展過程中惟一客觀的評價方式。(×)
2.新課程目標取向及精神內核就是以學生的發展為本。(√)
四、簡單題
1.中小學教師的職業道德規范主要涉及哪些方面?
答:愛國守法、愛崗敬業、關愛學生、教書育人、為人師表、終身學習。
2.《中華人民共和國未成年人保護法》規定學校應尊重未成年學生的哪些權利?
答:學校應當尊重未成年學生受教育的權利,關心、愛護學生,對品行有缺點、學習有困難的學生,應當耐心教育、幫助,不得歧視,不得違反法律和國家規定開除未成年學生。
五、案例分析題
學校規定初三學生必須在6點鐘到校參加早自修,作為任課教師第二天與學生一起參與早自修的我在班級中也強調了一下,可是第二天仍有許多學生遲到,我看到這一情況,下令讓遲到的學生在走廊罰站。到了第三天,再也沒有一個學生遲到。還有一次,初三(2)班的一位男同學老是不肯做一周一次的時政作業,每次問他為什么,總都有原因,上次他說忘了,這次又說要點評的報紙沒買,下次他會說作業本沒帶。這樣幾個星期下來,我光火了,不僅讓他在辦公室反思了一刻鐘,寫下保證書,還對他說,“下次再不交作業,甭來上課”,他這才有所收斂。
請從有關師德要求分析“我”的做法,并提出合理解決此類問題的建議。
答:本案主要反映了案例中的“我”以罰代教的教育方法,這明顯違反了新時期我國教師職業道德內容中關于“對待學生”的相應規定,違反了不準以任何借口體罰或變相體罰學生,不準因學生違反紀律而加罰與違反紀律無關的任務等。
這位教師的做法在我們的身邊也有可能出現。面對那些頑皮學生,有的教師可能無計可施。只得用“罰站”、“威脅”來對付他們,取得的效果看似有效,其實學生并非真正地接受,這不是真正的教育。雖然教師的出發點是好的,但這位教師的處理方法與《中小學教師職業道德規范》背道而馳。
教師對學生嚴格要求,要耐心教導,不諷刺、挖苦、歧視學生,不體罰或變相體罰學生,保護學生的合法權益。教師應該采用“說理”教育來對待那些頑皮學生,教師以朋友的身份心平氣和地找那些學生談心,尊重學生的人格,平等、公正地對待學生,多付出一點愛,多花時間在他們身上,當他們感受到老師在關心他們時,相信他們會改正缺點,努力做的更好。
第五篇:機械能守恒定律典型例題
機械能守恒定律典型例題
題型一:單個物體機械能守恒問題
1、一個物體從光滑斜面頂端由靜止開始滑下,斜面高1 m,長2 m,不計空氣阻力,物體滑到斜面底端的速度是多大?
拓展:若光滑的斜面換為光滑的曲面,求物體滑到斜面底端的速度是多大?
2、把一個小球用細繩懸掛起來,就成為一個擺,擺長為l,最大偏角為θ,求小球運動到最低位置時的速度是多大?
.題型二:連續分布物體的機械能守恒問題
1、如圖所示,總長為L的光滑勻質鐵鏈跨過一個光滑的輕小滑輪,開始時底端相齊,當略有擾動時,其一端下落,則鐵鏈剛脫離滑輪的瞬間的速度多大?
2、一條長為L的均勻鏈條,放在光滑水平桌面上,鏈條的一半垂于桌邊,如圖所示,現由靜止開始使鏈條自由滑落,當它全部脫離桌面時的速度多大?
3、如圖所示,粗細均勻的U型管內裝有同種液體,開始兩邊液面高度差為h,管中液體總長度為4h,后來讓液體自由流動,當液面的高度相等時,右側液面下降的速度是多大?題型三:機械能守恒定律在平拋運動、圓周運動中的應用(單個物體)
1、如圖所示,?AB是豎直平面內的四分之一圓弧軌道,其下端B與水平直軌道相切,一小球自A點起由靜止開始沿軌道下滑。已知圓弧軌道半徑為R,小球的質量為m,不計各處摩擦。求:(1)小球運動到B點時的動能
1(2)小球下滑到距水平軌道的高度為R時的速度大小和方向
2(3)小球經過圓弧軌道的B點和水平軌道的C點時,所受軌道支持力各是多大?
2、如圖所示,固定在豎直平面內的光滑軌道,半徑為R,一質量為m的小球沿逆時針方向在軌道上做圓周運動,在最低點時,m對軌道的壓力為8mg,當m運動到最高點B時,對軌道的壓力是多大?
3、如上圖所示,可視為質點的小球以初速度v0沿水平軌道運動,然后進入豎直平面內半徑為R的圓形軌道.若不計軌道的摩擦,為使小球能通過圓形軌道的最高點,則v0至少應為多大?
4、如右圖所示,長度為l的無動力“翻滾過山車”以初速度v0沿水平軌道運動,然后進入豎直平面內半徑為R的圓形軌道,若不計軌道的摩擦,且l>2πR,為使“過山車”能順利通過圓形軌道,則v0至少應為多大?
5、游樂場的過山車可以底朝上在圓軌道上運行,游客卻不會掉下來,如左圖所示,我們把這種情況抽象為右圖所示的模型:弧形軌道的下端與豎直圓軌道相接.使小球從弧形軌道上端滾下,小球進入圓軌道下端后沿圓軌道運動.實驗發現,只要h 大于一定值.小球就可以順利通過圓軌道的最高點.如果已知圓軌道的半徑為R,h至少要等于多大?不考慮摩擦等阻力。
6、如圖所示,位于豎直平面內的光滑軌道,由一段斜的直軌道和與之相切的圓形軌道連接而成,圓形軌道的半徑為R。一質量為m的小物塊從斜軌道上某處由靜止開始下滑,然后沿圓形軌道運動。要求物塊能通過圓形軌道最高點,且在該最高點與軌道間的壓力不能超過5mg(g為重力加速度)。求物塊初始位置相對于圓形軌道底部的高度h的取值范圍。
7、如圖所示,以固定在豎直平面內的光滑的半圓形軌道ABC,其半徑R=0.5m,軌道在C處與水平地面相切。在C處放一小物塊,給它一水平向左的初速度V0=5m/s,結果它沿CBA運動,通過A點,最后落在水平面上的D點,求C、m2D間的距離S,取g=10/s8、如圖所示,一個光滑的水平軌道與半圓軌道相連接,其中半圓軌道在豎直平面內,半徑為R.質量為m的小球以某速度從A點無摩擦地滾上半圓軌道,小球通過軌道的最高點B后恰好做平拋運動,且正好落在水平地面上的C點,已知AC=AB=2R,求:
(1)小球在A點時的速度大小.
(2)小球在B點時半圓軌道對它的彈力.
9、如圖所示,位于豎直平面上的1/4圓弧光滑軌道,半徑為R,OB沿豎直方向,上端A距地面高度為H,質量為m的小球從A點由靜止釋放,最后落在水平地面上C點處,不計空氣阻力,求:
(1)小球運動到軌道上的B點時,對軌道的壓力多大?(2)小球落地點C與B點水平距離s是多少?(3)要使小球的水平射程為最大值,求圓弧軌道半徑R與高度H的關系。
10、如圖所示,小球用不可伸長的輕繩懸于O點,在O點的正下方有一固定的釘子B,OB = d,開始時小球拉至 A點,且OA水平,小球在A點無初速度釋放。繩子長為 L,為了使小球能繞B點做圓周運動.試求d的取值范圍。
題型四:系統機械能守恒問題
1、如圖所示,將A、B兩個砝碼用細線相連,掛在定滑輪上。已知mA=200g,mB=50g,托起砝碼A,使其比B的位置高0.2m,然后由靜止釋放,當兩砝碼處于同一高度時,求它們的速度大小。(g=10 m/s2)
2、如圖所示,質量為m 的木塊放在光滑的水平桌面上.用輕繩繞過桌邊的定滑輪 與質量為M的砝碼相連,已知 M=2m.讓繩拉直后使砝碼從靜止開始下降h(小于桌面)的距離,木塊仍沒離開桌面,則砝碼的速度是多大?
3、如圖所示,半徑為R的光滑半圓上有兩個小球A、B,質量分別為m和M,由細線掛著,今由靜止開始無初速度自由釋放,求小球A升至最高點C時A、B兩球的速度?
4、有一光滑水平板,板的中央有一小孔,孔內穿入一根光滑輕線,輕線的上端系一質量為M的小球,輕線的下端系著質量分別為m1和m2的兩個物體。當小球在光滑水平板上沿半徑為R的軌道做勻速圓周運動時,輕線下端的兩個物體都處于靜止狀態,若將兩物體之間的輕線剪斷,則小球的線速度為多大時才能再次在水平板上做勻速圓周運動?
6、如圖所示,長為L的輕質桿,中點和右端分別固定著質量為m的A球和B球,桿可繞左端在豎直平面內轉動,現將桿由靜止釋放,當桿擺到豎直位置時,B球的速率為多少?
7、如圖所示,輕直細桿長為2l,中點有一轉軸O,兩端分別固定質量為2m、m的小球a和b。當桿從水平位置轉到豎直位置時,兩小球的速度為多大?
8、如圖所示,質量為 m=2kg的小球系在輕彈簧的一端, 另一端固定在懸點O處,將彈簧拉至水平位置A處由靜止釋放,小球到達O點的正下方距O點h = 0.5 m處的B點時速度為2 m/s。求小球從A 運動到B的過程中彈簧彈力做的功。
9、如圖所示,一個質量為 m=0.2 kg的小球系于輕質彈簧的一端,且套在光滑豎直的圓環上,彈簧的上端固定于環的最高點A,環的半徑R=0.5m,彈簧的原長l0 = 0.5m,勁度系數為4.8N/m。若小球從圖示位置B 點由靜止開始滑動到最低點C時,彈簧的彈性勢能Ep=0.6J,(g=10 m/s2)求:(1)小球到C點時的速度Vc的大小(2)小球在C點對環的作用力