第一篇：英語四翻譯

English Translation for FOUR

U1無名英雄：職業(yè)父親意味著什么？

在我們的孿生女兒出生后的U2頤養(yǎng)天年

人人都知道孤兒院和養(yǎng)老院絕不能替代家庭。人們的感覺是只有家庭才能給老人與幼童提供使他們會產生滿足感的一切。對子女來說，享有父母的呵護毋庸多說，因為這是一種本能的父輩的情感。不過晚輩對于長輩的孝敬，正如中國的一句俗話 “水往低處流” 所說，則需要由文化去培養(yǎng)。一個自然人必會愛其子女，但只有受過文化教育的人才會珍愛和孝敬父母。這個愛老、敬老的原則最終成為了大眾所信守的準則，并且根據某些著書立說者所言，在父母年老時能有幸在其身邊服侍，實際上已成為一種強烈的愿望。父母生病了卻沒有機會在病榻前親侍藥湯，亡故時未能親臨送終，已被有文化的中國人視為終身最大的遺憾。官員到了五六十歲尚不能迎養(yǎng)父母，于官署中晨昏定省，會被視為道德缺失而倍感羞愧，不得不常向親友和同僚解釋他不能迎養(yǎng)孝敬的理由。從前有個人，因趕回家時父母已亡故，悲痛之下說了這樣兩句話：“樹欲靜而風不止，子欲養(yǎng)而親不在。”

在美國，身體健康且精神矍鑠的老年人常對人說他尚“年輕”，或者是旁人說他們“年輕”，而實際上則是說他們身體康健。這似乎是一種語言上的不幸。老來健康或者說“長壽康健”是人生莫大的幸運，而改稱之為“健康且年輕”，則會貶損其魅力，使原本很完美的東西變得不那么完美了。終究，世上再也沒有什么能比一個健康而智慧的老者更完美的了。他有著“紅潤的面龐，雪白的頭發(fā)”，用和藹的聲音，談論著人生世故。中國人很明白這一點，所以畫出來的老翁總是“紅頰白須”，視之為塵世終極快樂的象征。美國人大概也看到過中國人所畫的老壽星，他那高突的前額、紅潤的面龐、雪白的長須，還有他笑容可掬的神態(tài)！這是何等生動的畫像。他手撫飄逸垂胸的長須，悠然自得。他何等的莊嚴，令人起敬；他何等的自信，沒有人會質疑他的智慧；他何等的仁慈，因為他見聞了太多的人間疾苦。對于富有生氣的老者，我們也會給予贊譽，說他們是“老當益壯”。

我絲毫不懷疑，美國的老人依舊要堅持說他們又忙碌又活躍這一事實，可以歸為個人主義被推崇到了愚蠢的地步。他們以自主為榮，崇尚自立，恥于依賴子女。美國人在其憲法中規(guī)定了許多人權，但他們卻很奇怪地忘掉了老年人應享受子女贍養(yǎng)這一權利，因為這也是因提供養(yǎng)育服務而產生的權利和義務。有誰能夠否認，父母年輕時為子女何等地辛勞，子女小有病痛必徹夜不眠地照顧，在子女還沒有學會說話時給他們換洗尿布，耗費二十余載將他們養(yǎng)育成人，教會他們自立生活。當他們年老時，就有權得到子女的贍養(yǎng)和孝敬。在普通的家庭生活模式中能否忘掉個人的自立及其自尊？凡是人都是先由父母養(yǎng)育，后來再養(yǎng)育自己的子女，最后則理所當然地得到子女的贍養(yǎng)。中國人對生活的完整理念是以家庭中的互幫互助為基礎的，所以沒有個人獨立的意識，因此，到了夕陽紅的老年時期得到子女贍養(yǎng)時就不會有恥辱感，反而會因有子女贍養(yǎng)而倍感欣幸。

U3網絡版權執(zhí)法——賺錢之道

丹佛——布萊恩?希爾，一位北卡羅來納州20歲的博主，去年12月在他自己的博客上發(fā)布了一張機場保安人員搜身的照片，沒想到由此引來了一場法律戰(zhàn)。

一個月后，希爾先生收到一封電子郵件，發(fā)件人是《拉斯維加斯太陽報》的一位記者，他正在調查一家專為報社代理版權訴訟的內華達公司。電子郵件通知希爾先生，他也是Righthaven公司起訴的對象之一。盡管那張機場照片在希爾先生從網上撤下之前就早已在網上 瘋傳，但這張照片卻是《丹佛郵報》11月18日首次刊發(fā)的。

希爾先生撤下了照片，但為時已晚。法院的傳票送到了他的家里。該訴訟要求法律賠償。盡管沒有提出賠償?shù)木唧w數(shù)字，但希爾先生被控“故意”侵權，根據聯(lián)邦版權法，在這種情況下訴訟方可獲得高達15 000美元的賠償。

“我很震驚，”希爾先生說。“我想，也許這是一個玩笑或者只是用來嚇唬我的。我真不知道那張照片是受版權保護的。”

在過去一年，各大報紙一直在想方設法保護它們投放在網上的信息內容。Righthaven公司在科羅拉多

和內華達州針對未經《丹佛郵報》或《拉斯維加斯評論期刊》的授權直接在網上轉貼的資料所提起的類似的聯(lián)邦訴訟就超過了200起。

旗下?lián)碛小兜し疣]報》的新聞媒體集團的副總裁莎拉?格蘭斯在一封電子郵件中說，搜身的照片已在300多個網站上轉載使用，而這些網站均未注明照片版權屬于《郵報》或其攝影師。

《評論期刊》的投資人兼斯蒂芬斯媒體的法律總顧問馬克?西紐貝爾贊同格蘭斯的觀點，說剪貼文章就是“竊取我們所編輯材料的潛在讀者和網絡流量。”

然而，一些批評家卻爭辯說，Righthaven公司的做法過于嚴厲，他們希望在人們還沒有搞清楚是否違反了聯(lián)邦版權法之前就速戰(zhàn)速決。通常情況下，他們不會對當事人進行警示就提起訴訟。Righthaven公司很少預先發(fā)出通知，要求網站撤下不屬于自己的信息資料，而是直接索要賠償，并要求取消該網站域名。根據一些對此類案件興趣日益濃厚的互聯(lián)網法律專家的觀察，這種行徑十分簡單:Righthaven公司搜尋在網絡上轉貼的報刊材料，通常是一篇文章、摘錄或是一幅照片，再去獲取版權，然后由公司就提起訴訟。圣克拉拉大學法學院高科技法律研究所主任埃里克?戈德曼說，在網上重新粘貼已發(fā)布的材料，如果未減少其原有市場價值，就適用“公平使用”的原則。關注該訴訟的其他評論家也認為，出于討論的目的而重新粘貼的資料不構成侵權。

“許多被告對版權法知之甚少”，戈德曼先生說。“他們不是要與報紙競爭，而僅僅是不知道有關規(guī)定。”戈德曼先生曾向被Righthaven公司起訴的公司非正式地建議庭外和解。

“沒有人真的相信從未在任何地方發(fā)表過任何東西的Righthaven公司取得了其訴訟文章的全部所有權，”蘭達扎先生這樣寫道。他的法律小組最近提出動議，駁回Righthaven公司的其他兩起案件，并指控該公司涉嫌版權索賠欺詐。

吉布森先生否認他們訴訟的特定目標是不知情的博主并提到對德拉吉先生的訴訟。Righthaven公司指控“德拉吉報導網站”未經允許貼出了機場保安搜身的照片。吉布森先生說訴訟最后達成庭外和解。“不管是粘貼顯示在Momandpop.com還是Chicagotribune.com上，轉移網站受眾的危害已經形成，” 他說。“如果指控成立，說我們純粹是一家貪婪的公司，而不是在推動版權法權益，那我們就不會處置網站受眾轉移的問題。”

格蘭斯女士說，新聞媒體集團“審查過每一個違規(guī)事件，但只核準那些針對刊登廣告而非從事慈善活動的網站提起的訴訟。”

希爾先生患有自閉癥和糖尿病，和母親靠殘疾救助生活。他說Righthaven公司曾一度提出只需賠償6 000美元，但遭到他的拒絕。科羅拉多州的一位律師大衛(wèi)?科爾一直在為他進行無償辯護。

一位主持該案件的聯(lián)邦法官上個月批評Righthaven公司利用法庭與那些擔心訴訟費用可能高昂的被告達成和解。不久后，Righthaven公司自愿放棄訴訟，聲稱之前他們的確不知道希爾先生的健康狀況。但與此同時Righthaven公司在法庭文件中指出，放棄對該案件的起訴并不意味著放棄對其他侵權人的起訴，并警告希爾先生不要再繼續(xù)使用受著作權保護的資料。

希爾先生最近決定恢復自己的uswgo.com網站，他把遭起訴后撤下的各種政治文章和自己的思考評述都加上了相關鏈接。在網站上，希爾先生也發(fā)布了一則闡釋自己看法的告示，說明該網站所掛材料，即使未得到使用許可，也符合公平使用的原則。不過，這一次希爾先生說他會繞開任何可能會使他陷入與Righthaven公司產生麻煩的影像或故事。

U4學英語既有樂趣又有回報

文學的研究——包含對哲學、宗教、歷史事件的發(fā)展和觀念由來的研究，不僅是文明的，同時是有教化作用的，而且是流行的和實際的。在所有從文理學院畢業(yè)并獲得學士學位的人中，有六分之一的人主修英語。讓人驚異的是，這些畢業(yè)生能勝任范圍相當廣泛的工作。他們的經驗表明，這種廣泛流行的偏見是錯誤的：即英語專業(yè)的學生只能從事新聞或教學工作。事實上，主修英語的學生也為未來從事法律、醫(yī)學、商業(yè)和公職等職業(yè)做了相當好的準備。

有人時常勸告期望上法學院或醫(yī)學院的大學生要學習與他們的擇業(yè)有直接聯(lián)系的嚴格制定的課程。有

人還建議未來法學院的學生應該選修政治、歷史、會計、商業(yè)管理甚至人體解剖學、婚姻和家庭生活等課程。未來醫(yī)學院的學生被引導去學習多種理科課程，實際上，這些課程比他們考入醫(yī)學院所需要的理科課程要多得多。令人驚訝的是，許多法學院和醫(yī)學院卻指出，如此專門化的準備不但沒有必要，而且并不可取。沒有什么“法律預科”課程：上法學院和從事法律行業(yè)的最好準備是培養(yǎng)學生能夠進行批判性思考；能夠進行清晰的合乎邏輯的自我表述；能夠對他人的動機、行動和想法進行敏銳的分析。這些技能也正是英語專業(yè)要教給學生掌握的技能。

此外，要進入法學院就讀，通常需要具有合格院校頒發(fā)的學士學位，還需要拿到最低限度的各課平均積分點，并和在法學院錄取考試（L.S.A.T.）中取得一個通得過的分數(shù)。這項測試包括三個部分：首先是測試閱讀理解、圖形分類和書面材料評估等能力。測試的第二個部分是考核對英語語法和詞匯用法的掌握能力，組織書面材料的能力和文字編輯的能力。第三個部分是檢測學生的文學、藝術、音樂、自然科學和社會科學的一般知識。顯而易見，主修英語的學生參加法學院錄取考試會得心應手。

至于醫(yī)學院，入學要求主要的一條只是修滿32個學時的理科課程。這一要求對主修英語的學生來說肯定不成問題。另外，許多醫(yī)學院校要求學生必須在醫(yī)學院入學考試中達到規(guī)定的最低分，這一測試對全面發(fā)展的文科學生來說又十分有利。醫(yī)學院入學考試檢測四方面的能力：同義詞、反義詞和詞語聯(lián)想能力；從分數(shù)到立體幾何學的基本數(shù)學知識；文學、哲學、心理學、音樂、藝術和社會科學的常識；以及熟悉中學和大學初始階段教過的生物學、化學和物理學基本原理的程度。理科基礎扎實的主修英語學生完全有能力參加這一考試和醫(yī)學院入學考試，他們的閱讀、分析、闡述和準確交流的能力使他們更勝一籌。學醫(yī)和行醫(yī)只會從對人的行為的洞察中受益無窮，而這種洞察卻是文學研究才能提供的。

很明顯，如此的洞察力對計劃從商的學生來說也是很有價值的。這樣的學生應該考慮的是，挑選主修對商科有側重的英語課程是有優(yōu)勢的：這種課程的目的在于在提供文科教育的同時，也為從商做職業(yè)準備。對這種教育計劃的需求是顯而易見的：只有技術性資格的畢業(yè)生能找到從商工作，但卻經常難以居其位。《華爾街雜志》和《大學生就業(yè)雜志》都有報道，說越來越多的著名商學院的畢業(yè)生發(fā)現(xiàn)他們自己經常從一種工作或一家公司跳槽到另一個工作或另一家公司，在一個工作崗位上干不了十二個月。雇主們抱怨說，這些表面上年輕有為的男女們根本不會有效地交流，因為他們的文字能力不夠強；他們不能夠從管理人員培訓中學到東西；他們不能夠進行有效的口頭表達；他們不能用書面形式報告他們的工作進展或問題；他們不能夠指導其他工作人員。然而，分析和交流的技能卻是管理的最根本的需要。

因此，偏重商業(yè)經營管理方向的主攻英語的學生，為未來從事商業(yè)管理做好了充分準備。對涉及從銀行、保險到通信乃至制造業(yè)等眾多領域的將近400家公司進行的有關調查顯示，針對是否聘用具有英語學位文憑卻沒有受過行業(yè)領域的專門培訓的畢業(yè)生這一問題，百分之八十五的公司說他們聘用過。擁有英語學位文憑的大學畢業(yè)生在營銷、系統(tǒng)工程、人事管理、銷售、編程、項目設計和勞資關系等領域都工作得十分出色。

主修英語的學生也正在各級政府提供的上千種崗位上工作。就拿可以算得是美國最大的雇主的聯(lián)邦政府來說吧。從海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊到礦務局，從商業(yè)部到國家公園服務處，聯(lián)邦政府各種機構雇傭的勞動大軍近三百萬人。主修英語的學生適合做其中的許多工作。最近，向51個聯(lián)邦政府機構調查了同一個問題：是否聘用有英語學位文憑而卻沒有受過專門行業(yè)訓練的大學畢業(yè)生，88%的這些聯(lián)邦政府單位的回答是肯定的。主修英語的畢業(yè)生能勝任聯(lián)邦政府的一系列工作，從索賠審議到外交官再到公路安全管理專家等等。再說，那些要求高薪高位的人可能還需要參加一種考試，這就是，聯(lián)邦政府每年都要舉行的“業(yè)務和管理職業(yè)考試”借此對大約10 000種工作崗位的求職者進行考核，而測試的焦點仍然是語言技能：理解、分析、闡述、理解概念間邏輯關系的能力，以及解決用文字表述問題的能力。毫不奇怪，主修英語的學生時常在這一考試中獲得高分。

簡而言之，英語的課程既無局限性又很實用：學習英語是對職業(yè)生涯的絕好準備。

U5華爾街反人類的經濟罪行

美國國際集團的金融家們得到了千百萬美金的獎金，因為他們的薪酬合同是基于他們完成 的交易量而

非這些交易產生的后果。一位32歲的按揭貸款經紀人告訴我：“我覺得我的工作就 是簽訂交易??，至于交易的后果——那是他們的事，與我無關。”很多很多的商務高管們攫 取了高額獎金，雖然他們撕裂了世界經濟，造成千萬億美金的損失，使千百萬的人的生活支離 破碎。他們全然漠視處于這場危機核心的是令人恐懼的對人的摧殘。

每天的經濟新聞都讓我不斷想起45年前漢娜·阿倫特在耶路撒冷為《紐約人》報作戰(zhàn)犯審 判報道時，她對納粹戰(zhàn)犯阿道夫·艾希曼的剖析。阿倫特剖析了盲從與惡行之間奇特的“相互 依存”，并試圖以她的著名論斷“平庸之惡”來捕捉這一點。阿倫特發(fā)現(xiàn)艾希曼“既不是道德 敗壞，也不是殘酷成性”，而是“非常可怕的正常。”

遠離現(xiàn)實

他是新型犯罪，是“行政大屠殺”的參與者，“在他實際上不知道或未察覺自己正在做錯 事的情況下”犯下了罪行。艾希曼別無動機，只是阿倫特所描述的“一種超乎尋常的尋求個人 升遷的勤奮而已??他從來沒有意識到他在做什么。”阿倫特得出了這樣的結論：“這種遠離 現(xiàn)實的心理和這種無思想的盲從會勝過所有的邪惡本性，從而引發(fā)出更大的慘禍，而這一點事 實上恰是我們可以在耶路撒冷汲取的教訓。”

誠然經濟危機不是大屠殺，但我敢說，這場經濟危機源于一種總是生產出類似疏離與盲從 的商業(yè)模式，并因個體道德判斷的普遍性缺失而進一步惡化。隨著我們對金融機構內的這種行 為的加深了解，我們看到幾乎所有的人都接受了一種不計后果的體制，它獎賞交易卻拒絕為這 些交易的后果承擔責任。銀行家、經紀人和金融專家們都是這種以自我為中心的商業(yè)模式的心 甘情愿的參與者，該模式只頌揚有益于機構內部人員的做法，卻不把機構以外的其他人當作人 看而疏離他們。

此種制度化的自戀和對“其他人”的蔑視在次級抵押貸款行業(yè)及其衍生而來的投資業(yè)得到 了終極的顯現(xiàn)。有太多的案例顯示，貸款人或投資者面臨的明顯風險卻只是被視為無人應該對 其負責的外部因素。從來沒有想到過會有這樣的人，他們的家庭會面臨被迫舍棄房屋的困境，會有退休者陷入養(yǎng)老金風險的無底深淵。那些體制內部的人是看不見這種困苦的：它太遙遠 了，從而實際上是不存在的。

缺乏同情心

當處于戰(zhàn)爭狀態(tài)時，由于情感上的疏離，人們更易于依據自己狹隘的個人利益而行事，缺 乏通常的同情心。同情心能讓我們察覺到他人的痛苦，是我們之所以為人的標志。自戀的商業(yè) 模式提供了現(xiàn)代的“情景”，促使個體無視自己的抉擇的惡果，由此鋪就了一條通往全方位的 行政經濟大屠殺的道路。

阿倫特認為，艾希曼的審判給世界傳遞了一條信息，即個體必須為其判斷承擔責任，即使 他們 “盲目地”順應了無良組織制度的情景。這條信息并不僅僅局限于難以形容的大屠殺的恐 怖行徑。它也與任何情況下個體判斷與制度程序之間的關系相關聯(lián)。這條信息說：你不能把自 己做下的壞事簡單地歸咎于體制。然而讓世界為之驚愕的是，成千上萬受托掌管我們金融福祉 的男男女女們卻全面系統(tǒng)地違背了文明行為的基本標準。他們無力辨別對與錯。他們要么根本 不判斷，要么就根本不按自己的判斷行事。這喪失底線的行為才讓公眾對離譜的獎勵行為的每 次披露都怒不可遏。公眾的憤怒并不是渴望復仇，而是在反抗這個平庸之惡。

公眾的憤慨是道德感的反應，它的著眼點比那些為保護自立經營的商業(yè)伎倆而設置的法律 更深刻，也更真實。現(xiàn)今，人們的呼聲是去找回屬于我們的群體，回到人們能由己及人辨別對 錯的地方。公眾需要——不，要求——我們的領導者們來重新審視自己的能力和義務，判斷出 什么才是正確的做法，即便那會意味著要面對法律訴訟和發(fā)怒的銀行家們。

現(xiàn)在，有關千百萬的人生死存亡的安全感已處于危險境地或被徹底摧毀。在這場價值墮落 的浪潮中，沒有誰會是安全的，而引發(fā)這場價值墮落浪潮的正是這個以自我為中心的商業(yè)模式 的平庸之惡以及那些不問是非、缺乏道德判斷的參與者們。留給資本主義繼承人的迫切教訓通 過所有的新聞標題正在發(fā)生效應：沒有“他人”，只有我們。本應屬于“他們的”傷害現(xiàn)在卻 成為了全世球范圍的共有磨難。

這場經濟危機已經顯現(xiàn)出越來越多的詐騙、利益沖突、漠視困苦、推卸責任和個體道德判 斷的全面、系統(tǒng)性的缺失，這一切就制造出了一個行政經濟大屠殺，其涉及面之大足以構成反 人類的經濟罪行。

第二篇：綜合英語四 翻譯句子

綜合英語四 翻譯句子 Unit 1 1.我安排他們在小酒吧見面，但那個小伙子一直都沒有來。(Turn up)I had arranged for them to meet each other at the pub but the young man never turned up.2.你無法僅憑表象判斷形勢是否會變得對我們不利。(tell from appearance)You cannot tell merely from appearance whether things will turn out unfavorable to us or not.3.那個士兵每次打仗都沖鋒在前，從而贏得了國家最高的榮譽。(stand in the gap)The solider, who stood in the gap in every battle, gained the highest honors of the country.4.主席講話很有說服力，委員會其他成員都聽從他的意見。(yield to)The chairman spoke so forcefully that the rest of the committee yielded to his opinion.5.他們現(xiàn)在生活富裕了，但也曾經歷坎坷。(ups and downs)They are well-to-do now, but along the way they had their ups and downs.6.這次演講我將說明兩個問題。(address oneself to)There are two questions to which I will address myself in this lecture.7.我們正籌劃為你舉辦一次盛大的圣誕聚會。(in somebody’s honor)We are planning a big Christmas party in your honor.8.聽到那個曲子，我回想起了兒童時代。(throw one’s mind back)Hearing that tune threw my mind back to my childhood.Unit 2 1.那只鴿子被卡在樹杈里，不一會兒就跌落下來。(wedge sth/sb in)The pigeon was wedged in the fork of a branch but fell off after a while.2.駕車人該付多少錢需要根據他對別人車子造成損壞的程度而定。(be proportional to)The payment that the motorist will have to make will be proportional to the amount of damage he has done to the other person’s car.3.你只要伏在地上慢慢爬過一條狹長的地道才能進入山洞。(inch)You can only enter the cave by inching through a narrow tunnel on your stomach.4.她一面結結巴巴地說道歉的話，一面羞怯地朝門口走去。(sidle)She stammered some apology as she sidled towards the door.5.他盡力向我解釋說不是因為我工作不好而解雇我，而是因為公司支付不了我的工資。(take pains to)He took pains to explain to me that I was being dismissed not because I didn’t work well but because the company could not pay my wages.6.年輕士兵的入伍給軍隊帶來了新的希望并鼓舞了士氣。(infuse into)The enlistment of young soldiers infused new hope and morale into the army.7.一旦大一些的男孩子們聲稱草坪屬于他們，別的孩子就不敢去玩了。(stake a claim to)Once the older boys stake a claim to the lawn, no other boys dare go on it.8.跟在她身后的人讓她心神不安，她不由得加快了腳步。(make sb uneasy)The man following her made her uneasy and she couldn’t help quickening her steps.Unit 3 1.15年來，醫(yī)生們一直用抗癌藥治療這種病，這些藥就像大錘一樣打垮患者體內的防御力量。(equivalent of)For the past 15 years, doctors have tried to treat this disease with anticancer drugs, equivalent of a hammer, to beat down the body’s defense forces.2.無可否認，香煙會使人上癮。而一旦你上了癮，就很難戒除這個習慣了。(addict)There’s no denying that smoking is addictive.And once you are addicted, it’s very difficult to get rid of the habit.3.在日本人生產的一種電子游戲中，玩游戲的人可以模擬艾滋病患者從染上艾滋病毒直到死亡的經歷。(simulate)In a Japanese-made video game, players can simulate the experience of AIDS from HIV infection until death.4.我肯定，他說你可以用這筆錢繼續(xù)學習音樂是認真的。(in earnest)I’m sure he was in earnest when he said that you could use this money to continue your study of music.5.我們只能以犧牲質量為代價來提高生產率，但這可能會損害公司的聲譽。(at the expense of)We can only increase production at expense of quality, which could ruin the company’s reputation.6.探險者遇到了幾乎難以逾越的峽谷。(confront with)The explorers were confronted with an insurmountable valley.7.一名外語教師如果要在中學任教，他最起碼要持有正規(guī)教育學院頒發(fā)的學位證書。(at the very least)A teacher of foreign language should possess at the very least a graduate degree from a certified education school or institute if he is to teach high school.8.我很快覺察到我無法使他改變想法。(perceive)I soon perceived that I couldn’t make him change his mind.Unit 4 1.他們的牛都打上了字母C的烙印。(be branded with)Their cattle were branded with the letter C.2.本賽季Brooks真正發(fā)揮了一個得分手(goal scorer)的作用。(come into one’s own)In this season Brooks has really come into his own as a goal scorer.3.一場經濟危機正在威脅著那個國家。(hang over)An economic crisis is hanging over that country.4.他是真正發(fā)號施令的人物，但他總是躲在幕后。(in the background)He is the man who really gives the order, but he always remains in the background.5.派出信使后，我們所能做的就只有等待了。(dispatch)After dispatching the messenger, what is left for us to do is nothing but to wait.6.你只要一叫，他馬上就到。(in a flash)You just have to call and he’s here in a flash.7.他們在戰(zhàn)爭的陰霾下整整生活了17年。(in the shadow of)They have lived in the shadow of war for totally seventeen years.8.這些是現(xiàn)存的最后7頭東北虎，如果人類不加以保護的話，這一種老虎將瀕臨滅亡。(in existence)These are the last seven Northeast Tigers in existence.If human beings failed to protect them, the tigers of this species would face extinction.Unit 5 1.你的批評近于粗暴。(border on)Your remarks border on rudeness.2.事業(yè)人員都應該得到政府的幫助。(count as)Any unemployed person counts as deserving government help.3.總的來說，我對這項實驗相當滿意的。(on the whole)On the whole I am quite satisfied with the experiment.4.一個人的外表會影響別人對他的看法。(make a difference)A person’s appearance makes a difference in how others judge him.5.廣告傾向于把婦女描繪成非常傳統(tǒng)的角色。(portray)Advertising tends to portray women in very traditional roles.6.剛剛繼承了一大筆遺產的孿生姐妹急不可耐地炫耀她們的珠寶首飾。(show off)Having inherited a considerable wealth, the twin sisters were eager to show off their jewelry.7.公眾關注的中心再次轉移到了城市環(huán)境的變化問題。(shift focus)Public interest has once again shifted focus to the changes in the urban environment.8.相比之下，甚至最新式的飛機也顯得笨拙和緩慢。(in contrast)In contrast, even the most modern aircraft look clumsy and slow.Unit 6 1.大廳里回響著小號獨奏的樂曲聲。(resonate with)The hall resonated with the notes of the trumpet solo.2.我想象得出母親在聽到兒子的死訊時那張蒼白的臉。(in one’s mind’s eye)I saw, in my mind’s eye, the pale pace of the mother when she heard the news of her son’s death.3.他走路的樣子使我想起他父親也是這樣走路的。(remind of)His walk reminds me of the way his father used to walk.4.我把日期搞錯了，所以到達的日期不對了。(mix up)I mixed the dates up and arrived on a wrong day.5.聽到女兒被牛津大學錄取，她心中充滿了自豪。(swell)Her heart swelled with pride when she learned that her daughter was accepted by Oxford University.6.從理論上說，全體公民都有權直接獲取信息，而不必等候政府或媒體的過濾。(have access to)Theoretically speaking, the whole population should have direct access to information without waiting for being filtered by the government or the media.7.在此次總統(tǒng)選舉中，民主黨發(fā)動了一場拉攏女性選民的宣傳活動。(launch)The Democrats have launched a campaign to win women voters over in this presidential election.8.他繼承父親的產業(yè)后，便沉溺于聲色犬馬之中。(be immersed in)After he inherited his father’s estate, he was immersed in all kinds of pleasure.Unit 7 1.秘密安裝在財政部長辦公室的錄音機該政府不滿3個月就倒了臺。(bring…down)The tape recorder secretly installed in the office of the Secretary of Treasury brought the government down in no more than three months.2.任何不利和平事業(yè)的行動都會受到全世界的譴責。(be detrimental to)Any action that is detrimental to the cause of peace will be condemned by the people of the world.3.兩位部長的辭職決定背離里政界一貫強硬的(hard-nosed)、一拼到底的傳統(tǒng)。(departure from)The decisions made by the two ministers to resign are departures from the hard-nosed, fight-to-the-finish tradition of politics.4.與工人們的談判在工作時間問題上第三次陷入僵局。(get bogged down)The negotiations with the workers got bogged down for the third time on the question of working hours.5.Lousia Clarke 是一個很討人喜歡的女孩，不過有時她的壞脾氣和嫉妒心使她不能做出正確判斷。(cloud)Lousia Clarke is a very pleasant girl, yet sometimes her judgment is clouded by her hot temper and jealousy.6.他要么更加用功，要么就得退學。在這樣的情況下，他還有什么可以選擇的辦法呢?他只得選擇前者。(alternative)He had to work harder or to be sent away from school.In this circumstance, what alternatives were left to him? He had to choose the former.7.Richard在這里混得太熟了，所以他想多呆上一陣子根本不需要主人的邀請。(at home)Richard is too much at home here to need the host’s invitation for lengthening his visit.8.她覺得他看上去老實而上了大當。(take in)She was badly taken in by his honest-looking appearance.Unit 8 1.為了你的家庭，你要三思而后行，不要冒出那么多的風險。(for the sake of)For the sake of your family, you should look before you leap and not take so many risks.2.昨晚喝了太多的酒，我感到有點不舒服。(out of sorts)I felt a bit out of sorts after last night’s heavy drink.3.他的父親找了無數(shù)的門路，幫他在一個已經臃腫不堪的政府機構找到了一個位置。(pull wires)His father pulled endless wires and got him a position in an inflated government department.4.如果你仔細讀這封信，就會在字里行間發(fā)現(xiàn)他的真正用意。(between the lines)If you read his letter carefully, you can find his real intention between the lines.5.我知道我對他真是無理透頂，但我為自己找了各種理由。(downright)I knew I was downright rude to him, but I found excuses for myself.6.過去杰出的人物有許多是出類撥萃的多面手，像達芬奇就集畫家與發(fā)明家于一身。(roll into one)Many of the outstanding figures of the past were exceptionally versatile.Leonardo da Vinci, for instance, rolled a painter and an invention into one.7.在多年遭受失眠的折磨之后，他終于自殺了。(under the torment of)He finally killed himself after being under the torment of insomnia for many years.8.他驚訝得說不出話來。(be struck dumb with)He was struck dumb with amazement.Unit 9 1.探照燈光在黑漆漆的水面上縱橫交錯。(finger across)Search lights fingered across the dark water.2.自從這座大廈發(fā)生了一起搶劫案之后，守夜人就更加小心了，他每小時多要巡視一次。(make one’s rounds)Since a robbery happened in this building, the night watchman became more careful and made his rounds once every hour.3.他堅持著自己的計劃，雖然已經沒有任何支持他的力量了。(prop up)He sticked to his plan, though there was nothing left to prop him up.4.他被警方收買，暗中監(jiān)視恐怖分子的活動。(spy on)He is paid by the police to spy on the activities of the terrorists.5.總有一天他們會接受這個殘酷的事實。(in time)In time they will come to accept the harsh reality.6.那個人的行動非常可疑。他在假裝睡覺，可是又不時地偷看過往的行人。(furtive)That man’s behavior was very suspicious.He was pretending to sleep, but now and then he stole a furtive glance at the passers-by.7.這個國家近幾年發(fā)生的社會、經濟變化如此徹底，使所有鄰國相形見絀。(dwarf)The social and economic changes that have taken place in this country are so sweeping that it has dwarfed all its neighbors.8.在拂曉前昏暗的光線中，我看到一個黑影擋在門口。(athwart)In the dim light of the daybreak, I saw a dark shape looming athwart the door.Unit 10

1.人們正從周圍農村涌進來。(flood)People were flooding in from the surrounding countryside.2.他的表現(xiàn)已經接近完美。(come close to)His performance has come close to perfection.3.Mary 去倫敦時一路上精神恍惚。(in a daze)Mary was in a daze all the way to London.4.在這個山區(qū)療養(yǎng)所你會找到全國最好的氣候。(retreat)In this mountain retreat you can find the most favorable climate in the country.5.他倚在座位上，渾身放松，細細體味那份舒適。(savor)He leaned back into his seat, relaxed, savoring the comfort.6.讓這對年輕夫婦引以為榮的是他們的孩子3歲就能背詩了。(recite…from memory)What makes this young couple proud is that their child could recite poems from memory at the age of three.7.他當眾重復了他私下說過的話。(in public)He repeated in public what he had said in private.8.建立一個充滿生機和愛意的家庭需要全家人的共同努力。(vibrant with)A family vibrant with life and love is to be built with the joint efforts of all its members.Unit 11 1.John的朋友都說John錯了，但他堅決不承認。(stand one’s ground)John’s friends all said he was mistaken, but he stood his ground.2.受傷的大象向那棵樹沖過去。(charge at)The wounded elephant charged at the tree with terrific violence.3.他回避了我們的問題，不愿告訴我們發(fā)生了什么事。(shrug off)He shrugged off our questions, unwilling to tell us what had happened.4.偵探在他們中發(fā)現(xiàn)了他長期以來所要搜捕的對象。(prey)The detective discovered among them his long-sought prey.5.一個美好的假日會使你精神振奮。(buck up)A find holiday will buck you up.6.他敬了個禮，一個轉身沖出門去。(spin round)He saluted, spun round and bounced out.7.他一怒之下掏出槍打死了對手。(in a fit of rage)In a fit of rage, he took out a gun and shot his opponent.8.一有晉升的機會他就想抓住。(jump at)He would jump at any chance of getting a promotion.Unit 12 1.我給你一周時間把你手下的人都整頓好，然后我希望一切都順利運轉。(sort out)I’ll give you a week to sort your men out, then I expect things to run smoothly.2.每逢我們變遷新居，總是有許多東西舍不得丟棄。(cling to)Whenever we move to a new house, we always cling to too many possessions.3.她非常健談，一旦輪到她講話，她就滔滔不絕。(in rapid succession)She is such a talkative woman that whenever she takes her turn to start talking, her words will come out in rapid succession.4.需要時他總會幫忙，這一點你可以相信。(reckon on)He will always help in time of need, on this you can reckon.5.他偷偷地把手槍塞進衣袋。(slide into)He slid his pistol into his pocket.6.這些噪音吵得我頭昏腦脹，無法清醒地思考。(in a whirl)My mind is in a whirl with all this noise, so I cannot think clearly.7.那位農民把迷路的旅行者接到家里過夜。(take somebody in)The farmer took in the lost travelers for the night.8.他微微一笑，憧憬著一次長途旅行。(relish)He smiled, relishing the idea of a long journey.Unit 13 1.過去日本婦女的活動更多地局限在家里。(be confined to)In the old days women in Japan were more confined to the household.2.這在一篇妙語連珠的發(fā)言中可是一個乏味的插曲。(sparkle with)This is a dull interlude in a speech sparkling with witticism.3.有些像Michael Jordan那樣的籃球運動員以魔術般的技術揚名，而有些則以丑聞出名。(be renowned for)While some basketball players like Michael Jordan were renowned for their magic skills, others were notorious for their scandals.4.我們對他精湛的醫(yī)術驚嘆不已。(marvel at)We all marveled at the perfection of his medical skills.5.據說，原始人用石頭制作一件工具要花上幾個月甚至幾年的時間。(fashion)It is said that it took primitive men months or even years to fashion a single tool from stone.6.學生們在老師身邊轉來轉去，想知道考試的結果。(hover)The students hovered round their teacher, hoping to hear the examination results.7.強烈的責任感使他接過了這項危險性很大的任務，(set…on)A strong sense of responsibility set him on taking over this hazardous task.8.沒有誰跟你過不去，別那樣想了。(get…out of one’s head)Nobody’s got anything against you at all.Get that idea out of your head.Unit 14 1.政府不遺余力地支持我們的環(huán)保項目。(spare no effort)The government spared no effort to support our environment protection projects.2.她來之前對中國的歷史、地理和文化一無所知。(have no knowledge of)She had no knowledge of Chinese history, geography and culture before she came to China.3.幼兒園里燃起的大火危及23個孩子的生命。(endanger)The fire that broke out in the kindergarten endangered 23 children’s lives.4.我們竭力吧Henry從那個話題上扯開，因為我們知道他會泄露機密。(head)We tried our best to head Henry off the topic, because we knew he would reveal the confidential information.5.演講人洪亮的聲音在大廳里回蕩。(echo)The sonorous voice of the speaker is/was echoing in the hall.6.勤勉和忠誠有時可以彌補能力不足。(compensate for)Industry and loyalty sometimes compensate for the lack of ability.7.就我所知，他是從激烈的競爭中掙脫出來的少數(shù)人之一。(rat race)As far as I know, he was one of the few people who got out of the rat race.8.他留下了一些士兵來清除敵人的最后陣地。(clean up)He left a few soldiers behind to clean up the last battle field of the enemy.

第三篇：21世紀大學英語四翻譯答案

第一單元

1.美國人往往以從事的工作來對人們進行劃分，家庭和教育背景這些特點被認為是不太重要的。

Americans tend to define people by the jobs they have/do.Such characteristics as their family and educational backgrounds are considered less important.2.他決不妥協(xié)的個性是他再也無法容忍他的雇主，并最終遞交了辭職書的原因。His uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer put up with his employer and eventually submitted his resignation.3.如果你真想學好英語，你就必須投入大量的時間和精力，否則你就不會有任何進步，對于其他課程也可以這么說。

If you really want to learn English well, you must put in a lot of time and energy, or you'll go nowhere.The same can be said of other subjects.4.有些演員的名聲靠的是他們天生的美貌，但是達斯訂.霍夫曼（Dustin

hoffman）盡管身材矮小（short stature）,還是出類拔萃，而使他與眾不同的正是他的精湛的演技。

Some actors fame is built on their innate beauty, but despite his short stature, Dustin Hoffman rose above and it is his excellent acting that set him apart.5.他負責管理之后，我們就發(fā)現(xiàn)他與前任（Predecessor）有明星的不同:他有干勁和激情，想出了很多新點子，并把工作重點放在如何鼓舞我們的士氣上。After he took charge, we discovered that there were striking differences between him and his predecessor.He had the drive and passion, came up with many new ideas, and focused his work on how to raise our morale.6.當鄧小平宣布中國改革開放政策的時候，他被永遠載入了史冊。盡管障礙重重，他以不懈的努力為我國的現(xiàn)代化作出了永久性的貢獻。

Deng Xiaoping made history when he declared China's reform and opening-up policy.Despite tremendous obstacles, he made lasting contributions to our country's modernization with his unrelenting efforts.7.為什么有人擁有天才級智商卻被智商平平但很刻苦的人丟在后面？承認除了智商外，還有很多別的因素于一個人的成就有著很大的關系。

Why could someone with a genius IQ be left behind by a hardworking person with an average IQ? It has to be acknowledged that besides one's IQ, many other factors have much to do with one's achievements.8.這位教師真了不起，她能在教東西之前調動學生的積極性。這并不是因為她有天賦，認識因為她只想著在課堂上吸引他們的注意力。

This teacher is really remarkable in first motivating her students so she can really teach them something.It's not that she is talented, it's that she focuses completely or drawing their full attention in class.第二單元

1.他瞪眼看著約翰，對她拒接合作感到惱火

He glared at John and was annoyed by his refusal to cooperate.2.約翰真誠的講話表達了他對那些在他處于困境時給過他慷慨幫助的人們的感激之情

John's sincere speech shows his gratitude to the people who rendered him

generous help when he was in difficulty.3.他可說是一個集郵家。他曾經積累了兩年去買一張珍郵這件事便是證明

He is something of a stamp collector.The fact that once he saved up for two years to buy a rare stamp is proof of it.4.這些玫瑰的美麗怎么評價也比不過分。他們以各種方式吸引住了所有的游客 T he beauty of these roses could not be overstated.They took/caught all the visitors fancy in one way or another.5.起先，他理所當然的認為該地區(qū)應多造一些公路。然而仔細計算其費用之后，他在作出最后決定前又不得不重新考慮了。

.At first he took it for granted that they should build more highways in this area.Then a careful calculation of the expenditure compelled him to think twice before he made the final decision.6.每次收到我的禮物，不管多少，我的朋友比爾覺不忘記表示感謝。

Each time he receives a gift from me, no matter how small, my friend Bill never fails to acknowledge it.7.那位新聞記者決定找到那對老夫妻信中提及的年輕人。那封信贊頌了年輕人為改善他們的生活條件而付出的努力。

.The journalist has decided to trace the young man referred to in the old couple's letter, which is a tribute to the young man's effort at improving their living conditions.8.雖然他厭煩了那些每天上門來吹噓其產品的推銷員，但他克制著沒有將他們拒之于門外。

.Though he was fed up with the salesmen who knocked at his door and boasted about their products every day, he refrained from slamming the door in their face.第三單元

1.湯姆因一問題而心神不寧但又一籌莫展，直到他學會以不同的策略把它解決才不心煩。

Tom was hung up on the problem but could do nothing about it until he learnt to solve it with different tactics.2.橫向思維幫助他提出了原來似乎已經走進死胡同的新理論。

.Lateral thinking has helped him to advance his new theory which had seemed to reach a dead end.3.我們最新的建設計劃的框架已獲得地方政府的批準。他是否會按時實施對這座沿海城市的發(fā)展具有極為重要的意義。

The framework of our latest construction plan has been affirmed by the local

government.Whether it will be carried out on time is of the utmost significance to the development of this coastal city.4.在設法尋找一個解決問題的辦法的過程中，愛德華在思想上陷入了僵局，但最后他改變了觀察角度，以一種完全意想不到的方式解決了問題。

.While trying to find a solution to the problem, Edward reached an impasse in his thinking, but later he changed his point of view and solved the problem in an entirely unexpected fashion.5.許多人認為計算機機房將最終取代圖書館，想吸收新知識的學生最終將在計算

機機房里學到一切。

Many people believe that computer labs will eventually take over from the libraries and students who want to take in new knowledge will end up learning everything in the computer lab.6.昨天他的汽車幾乎是迎頭撞上一輛卡車，如果他繼續(xù)這樣隨便開車，我確信他最后一定會被送進醫(yī)院的急診室。

Yesterday his car crashed into a truck almost head-on.If he does not stop driving so carelessly, I am sure he will wind up in the emergency room of a hospital.7.這幅畫的結構設計有一點缺陷。你為什么不擦掉那幾條垂直線，把他簡化一點呢？

.There is a flaw in the structural design of the painting.Why don't you erase the vertical lines and simplify it a little bit?

8.約翰本該在很久以前就把煙戒掉了。畢竟健康對每個人來說都是最重要的。John should have given up smoking a long time ago.After all, health is of the utmost importance to everybody.第四單元

1.學校應避免僅按學生考試成績來判斷孰優(yōu)孰劣畢以此對待他們。相反，好的教育體制應使每一位學生都能達到良好的水準，成為全面發(fā)展的人。

.Schools should avoid deciding who is superior only in terms of students' exam results and treating them accordingly.Instead, a good educational system should enable every student to measure up to good standards as well-rounded people.2大學生課后有問題時，往往在辦公時間之外不容易找到老師。這是由于老師繁忙的學術研究，而不是他們對學生漠不關心。

As often as not, when college students have questions after class, their teachers are not readily available except during office hours.This is due to teachers' busy academic research, rather than their indifference to the students.3.這個班由40名學生組成，他們大部分按英語水平過去常被歸在中等之列。但由于老師從不在言辭中表露出不賴煩，學生們對他的教學方法產生了積極的反應，從而沒有辜負他的厚望。

This class consists of forty students, most of whom used to be labeled average in terms of English level.But as this teacher has never shown any verbal impatience, the students have reacted positively to his teaching methods and lived up to his expectations.4.在美國，教書變的越來越難了，部分原因是學生越來越多樣的種族背景以及需要另外培訓才能掌握更為復雜的教學技巧。

Teaching is becoming increasingly demanding in the United States, due in part to the diversity of students' racial background and the complexity of educational technologies that require additional training.5.英國人經常被歸類為保守型，顯然這一歸類帶有成見。實際上，英國人在名族特性方面以其他歐洲國家相比并沒有太大的差異。英國人有禮貌，愛整潔，講秩序，充滿自信。

.The English are, as often as not, labeled conservative.Obviously this label is prejudiced.In reality, Britain is not very different from other.European countries in terms of national characteristics.6.有些年輕人在成長過程中有著要求獨立的強烈愿望。他們寧可通過自己的努力來度過生活中的困難，也不愿帶著負罪感求助于他們的父母。

The British are polite, neat, orderly and confident.Some young people grow up with a strong desire for independence.They would rather try hard to go through life on their own than turn to their parents for help with a sense of guilt.7.你的朋友對你非常的真誠，你也應該以誠相待，覺不應該欺騙他，或者帶著諷刺的口吻談論他的挫折。

Your friend treats you sincerely, so you should respond accordingly and mustn 抰deceive him or talk about his setbacks with irony(ironically).8.鄰居們惱火的原因是他們發(fā)出的噪音，但是由于他們一再保證夜間停工，從而得以完成這套公寓的裝潢。

.The neighbors' irritation/annoyance was due to the noise they made.However, because of reassurances that they would stop working at night, they went through with the decoration of this apartment.第五單元

1.正如你可以想象到的，閱讀為我們打開了一個新的天地并永遠的改變了我的人生道路。

As you can imagine, reading has opened a new world to me and

changed forever the course of my life.2.他從童年起就對書籍表現(xiàn)出一種非常強烈的興趣。他對書籍如此迷戀，以致從不讓一天過去而不進行一些閱讀。

He had demonstrated an unusually intense interest in books since

childhood.So fascinated with books was he that he never let a day pass

without doing some reading.3.他每次乘地鐵上下班身邊都有一本想讀的書。他就這樣在過去三年中讀了將近100本書。

.Every time he takes the subway to and from work, he has with him a

book that he wants to read.That is the way he has read nearly a

hundred books in the past three years.4.他讀中學時常在自己房間里讀書至深夜。每次聽到母親走近的腳步聲，他便關掉燈假裝睡著。而母親一走過去，他便打開燈，重又讀起來。

When he was in high school, he used to read deep/far into the night in his own room.Each time he heard the approaching footsteps of his mother, he would turn off the light and feigned sleep.But as soon as his mother passed, he would turn on the light and begin reading again.5.幾乎沒有什么關于中國的東西是他不感到好奇的。為了滿足自己的好奇心他已

決定親自到那兒去盡量多看一些。

There is hardly anything about China he's not curious about.And to satisfy his curiosity he has decided to go there in person to see as much as he can.6.我不知道是什么使你兒子羨慕那位流行歌手并試圖事事模仿他的。你還是問問他本人好了。

I don't know/ I have little/no idea what made your son envy that pop singer and try to emulate him in everything.You might as well ask him in person.7.他從圖書館一借到那本書就在走廊的燈光下飛快的把它翻了一遍。

As soon as he checked out the book from the library, he thumbed through its pages by the corridor light.8.我認為沒有哪個人在農村學到的比我更多。實際上，農村的三年使我比進某個大學學習得更深入細致。

.I don't think anybody ever learned more in the countryside than I did.In fact, those three years in the countryside enabled me to study far intensively than I would have if I had attended some college.

第四篇：大學英語四翻譯題詳解

Unit 1 Translate the following sentences into English.--------------1.這種植物只有在培育它的土壤中才能很好地成長。(other than)

1.The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed.2.研究結果表明，無論我們白天做了什么事情，晚上都會做大約兩個小時的夢。(may have done)

2.Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night，no matter what we may have done during the day.3.有些人往往責怪別人沒有盡最大努力，以此來為自己的失敗辯護。(justify sth.by)

3.Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best.4.我們忠于我們的承諾：凡是答應做的，我們都會做到。(remain true to)

4.We remain true to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do;we would do it.5.連貝多芬的父親都不相信自己兒子日后有一天可能成為世界上最偉大的音樂家。愛迪生也同樣如此，他的老師覺得他似乎過于遲鈍。(discount;be true of)

5.Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the g reatest musician in the world.The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull.6.當局控告他們威脅國家安全。(accuse sb.of sth.)

6.They were accused by authorities of threatening the state security.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.---------------1.If you move into any place other than your own private home, make sure you know what the rules are about pets if you have one.l.出入除自己家以外的任何場所時，如果你帶有寵物，一定要了解有關寵物的規(guī)定。2.Some women could have made a good salary in job instead of staying at home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.2一些女性完全可以不待在家里，而是去工作，掙一份不錯的工資。但是為了家庭，她們放棄 了工作。

3.How can you justify such rudeness? You will pay heavily for that because they have sued you for damaging their good name.3.你怎么為這樣粗魯?shù)男袨檗q護？你將會為此付出沉重的代價，因為他們己經以低毀名譽的罪 名起訴你了。

4.Criticism can be of great use;we may not like it at the time, but it can spur us on to greater things.4.批評有其重要作用；我們可能當時不喜歡它，但是它能激勵我們去做更偉大的事情

5.His uncompromising behavior, to which the public objected, left him bankrupt emotionally and financially.5.他毫不讓步的行為遭到公眾的反對，這使得他陷人了精神上崩潰、經濟上破產的境地。6.Even if you fail, don't let failure harm you, don't let failure take over.Remember failure is a necessary step in learning;it is not the end of your learning, but the beginning.6．即使你失敗了，也不要被失敗傷害，更不要被失敗左右。記住：失敗是學習過程中必要的一 步；它不是學習、的結束，而是學習的開始。

Unit 2 Translate the following sentences into English.1.要是這部喜劇中的人物更幽默些的話，就會吸引更多的觀眾。(if...had + past participle, would + have + past participle)

1.If the characters in this comedy had been more humorous, it would have attracted a larger audience.2.她從未對自己的能力失去信心，因此她有可能成為一名成功的演員。(it is a possibility to)

2.She has never lost faith in her own ability, so it is a possibility for her to become a successful actress.3.我從未受過正式培訓，我只是邊干邊學。(go along)

3.I never had formal training, I just learned as I went along.4.隨著產品進入國際市場，他們的品牌知名度越來越高了。(find one's way into)

4.As their products find their way into the international market, their brand is gaining in popularity.5.她可以編造一個故事，說自己被竊賊打昏，所有的錢都沒了，但她懷疑自己是否能讓這故事聽起來可信。(make up)

5.She could make up a story by saying she was knocked unconscious by thieves and that all her money was gone, but she doubted whether she could make it sound believable.6.誰都不清楚他是否故意推遲了這次訪問，可是這引起了對他更多的批評。(on purpose)

6.No one was certain whether he postponed the visit on purpose, but this brought more criticism of him.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.--------------1.If there had been no Charlie Chaplin, the history of world cinema would have been different.1.如果沒有查理·卓別林，世界電影史就會不一樣了。

2.It was a relief that his hard work eventually gave him the result that he had long desired: He successfully discovered the cause of the disease.2.令人感到寬慰的是，他的努力最終給予了他長期渴望的結果—他成功地發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種疾病的原因。3.Charlie Chaplin was one of the greatest and most widely loved movie stars.From The Tramp to Modern Times, he made many of the funniest and most popular films of his time.He was best known for his character, the youthful and lovable Little Tramp.3.查理·卓別林是最偉大、最廣受熱愛的電影明星之一。從《流浪漢》到《摩登時代》，他拍 攝了許多他那個時代最有趣、最受歡迎的電影。他最出名的是他扮演的一個人物—年輕可 愛的小流浪漢。

4.Chaplin was an immensely talented man: Within only two years of his first appearance in motion pictures in 1914, he became one of the best-known personalities in the nation.4.卓別林是一個才能非凡的人：自他1914年第一次在電影中出現(xiàn)，兩年時間內他就成了這個國 家最有名的人物之一。

5.Charlie Chaplin had an impact on everyone's life in the early 20th century.He made more people laugh than any other man who ever lived and changed the way people looked at the world.5.查理·卓別林對20世紀初期每個人的生活都產生了影響。與有史以來的任何人相比，他讓更 多的人歡笑，改變了人們看待這個世界的方式。

6.On Christmas Day in 1977 Charlie Chaplin passed away.He left behind family and friends saddened by his death, and millions of fans worldwide.6.1977年，查理·卓別林在圣誕節(jié)那天去世了，身后留下了悲傷的家人和朋友，以及全世界數(shù) 以百萬計的影迷。

Unit 5 Translate the following sentences into English.------------------1.這位小個子男子并不如他看上去那么單純。(not so...as)

1.This little man is not so innocent as he appears.2.對這個問題我已束手無策了，所以你不妨去求助于王教授吧。(might as well)

2.There's nothing I can do about the problem, so you might as well turn to Professor Wang for help.3.雙方高度評價了在不同領域合作取得的成果，并希望合作進一步加深。(speak highly of)

3.Both sides speak highly of the fruits in their cooperation in different areas, and hope that the cooperation can be furthered.4.一方面，親民形象能使新政策更易于被民眾接受，另一方面，它也能

“廣直言之路，啟進善之門”。(on the one hand, on the other hand)

4.On the one hand, an image of being close to the people can get a new policy more easily accepted.On the other hand, it will “encourage people to speak their minds and come up with constructive suggestions”.5.他孤獨的感覺時起時落，他有時會對自己、對寵物、對電視機嘮叨不休。(rise and fall, at length)

5.His sense of loneliness rose and fell and he sometimes would talk at length to himself and his pets and the television.6.畢竟，金錢不是萬能的，最富有的人不一定是最幸福的。(after all)

6.After all, money is not everything.The richest people are not necessarily the happiest.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.---------------1.The new mechanism is not so effective as they had expected, for months passed and there has been no big improvement in management efficiency.1.新的機制并不像他們預期的那樣有效，因為數(shù)月過去了，但管理效率并沒有明顯改進。2.I don't want to scare you unnecessarily, but you might as well face facts and look at a few numbers.2.我不想不必要地嚇唬你，可你最好還是面對事實，看看一些數(shù)字吧。

3.Loneliness is marked by a sense of isolation.Solitude, on the other hand, is a state of being alone without being lonely and can lead to self-awareness.3.孤獨的特點是一種與世隔絕感，而獨居則是獨自一人卻不感到寂寞的狀態(tài)，它能引發(fā)自我 意識。

4.Loneliness is a negative state.One feels that something is missing.It is possible to be with people and still feel lonely—perhaps the bitterest form of loneliness.4.孤獨是一種消極的狀態(tài)，你會感到失去了某種東西。你可能與別人在一起仍然感到孤獨— 這也許是孤獨最痛苦的形式。

5.Solitude is a positive state of engagement with oneself.Solitude is desirable, a state of being alone where you provide yourself wonderful and sufficient company.5.獨居是一種與自我相約的積極的狀態(tài)。獨居是值得向往的，是獨自一人、享受自我愉快而又 充實的陪伴的一種狀態(tài)。

6.Thoreau says that loneliness can occur even amid companions if one's heart is not open to them.6.梭羅說，一個人即使身處同伴之中，如果不對他們敞開心扉，仍會感到孤獨。

Unit 8 Translate the following sentences into English.---------------1.只要他守規(guī)矩，我倒不在乎他晚上在外呆得這么晚。(mind + V-ing)

1.1 don't mind his staying out so late as long as he behaves himself.2.與其他計劃相比，我更喜歡他的計劃，因為我覺得沒有任何一個 計劃比他的計劃更實際。(no + singular nouns or plural nouns;in that)

2.1 prefer his plan to others in that I think no plan is more practical than his.3.他們與那家公司中斷了生意來往，因為那家公司上一個財政損失慘重，已經破產了。(break off)

3.They broke off business relations with that company as it suffered huge losses in the last fiscal year and went bankrupt.4.既然你不喜歡他，當初為什么還要邀請他參加你的生日晚會呢？(now that;in the first place)

4.Now that you don't like him, why did you invite him to your birthday party in the first place? 5.雖然知道獲勝的可能性不大，但比賽失敗后，我們多少還是有點沮喪。(more or less)

5.Though we knew our chances to win were slim, we were more or less depressed when we lost in the game.6.也許這是為進步而付出的代價，誰知道呢?(pay the price)

6.Perhaps this was the price that has to be paid for progress-who knows? Translate the following sentences into Chinese.---------------1.I don't mind their disapproving of my plan, but, in my heart, I still want their support.1.我不在乎他們否定我的計劃，但在內心深處我仍渴望得到他們的支持。2.Peter announced that he had no intention of singing or dancing in company with any of these girls and he gave no reason.2.彼得宣布他不想與她們中任何一個女孩一起唱歌或跳舞，他沒給任何理由。3.We respect those who give of their time, their friendship and their talents rather than those who are always trying hard only to gain more for themselves.3.我們尊敬的是那些奉獻時間、友誼和才能的人，而不是那些一心只為自己謀求私利的人。4.It seemed that I had suffered a great loss of business and that was the price I paid for not following my parents' advice.4.看來我生意遭到一了巨大損失，這是我不聽父母忠告所付出的代價。5.They just made the point again in passing that during my visit to that country, an interpreter would always be at my elbow.5.他們只是順便又提到了這一點：在我去那個國家旅行時，會有一位翻譯一直在我身邊。6.Even when parents strongly disapprove of the way their child is behaving, it is still important to make it clear that it is the behavior and not the person that is being rejected.6.即使當父母強烈反對子女的行為方式時，他們拒絕接受的是那種行為方式而不是子女本人，澄清這一點十分重要。

Unit 10 Translate the following sentences into English.---------------1.無論你的智商有多高，你的看法都受到個人經歷的局限，因此要學會吸納他人有用的觀點。(no matter...)

1.No matter how high your IQ is, your view is limited by the experience you have had and so you should learn to incorporate the useful perspectives of others.2.這個游戲非常有趣，他們誰也沒有注意到時間的流逝。(Use inverted order of “so...that...”;take note of)

2.So interesting was the game that none of them took note of the passage of time.3.我一直在整理這些舊文件，看看哪些有用，哪些需要扔掉。(sort through)

3.I've been sorting through these old documents to see which are useful and which can be thrown away.4.隨著年齡越來越大，你應該考慮未來的計劃。(reflect on)

4.As you get older you should reflect on future plans.5.他在演出中的亮相簡直是個轟動。(nothing less than)

5.His appearance in the show was nothing less than a sensation.6.他們每個月都從工資中留出一筆錢，用于孩子將來的教育。(set aside)

6.Every month they set aside a particular amount of money from their salary for the sake of their kid's education in the future.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.---------------

XII

1.No matter how promising your situation, or how creative you can be, hard work is always essential to your success.1.無論你的情況多么充滿希望，無論你有多大的創(chuàng)造力，努力工作對你的成功總是必需的。

2.So strong are his first impressions that sometimes they defy revision even when many other people think differently.2.他留下的最初印象如此之強烈，有時甚至當許多其他人不這么認為時，這些印象也無法改變。

3.Our aim is nothing less than to make China the best trained and educated nation in Asia.3.我們的目的就是要使中國成為亞洲接受培訓程度和教育程度最高的一個國家。

4.On international relations China would continue to develop relations with foreign countries in seeking a favorable international environment for its reform and to make contributions to world peace and development.4.在國際關系方面，中國將繼續(xù)發(fā)展與外國的關系，尋求一個對自己改革有利的國際環(huán)境，繼續(xù)對世界和平和發(fā)展作出貢獻。

5.I'll keep at it—whatever the challenges might be—and never give up until I achieve success.5.不管會面臨什么挑戰(zhàn)，我都會堅持，永不放棄，直到取得成功。

6.The latest research seems to imply that without the software of emotional maturity and self-knowledge, the hardware of academic training alone is worth less and less.6.最新的研究似乎表明，缺乏情感成熟和自我了解這一軟件，純學術培訓這一硬件越來越沒有價值。

第五篇：大學英語四冊test1passage two翻譯參考

Do animals have rights? Do trees? Do humans have an obligation to behave ethically(合乎道德地)to rivers? To rocks? Viruses? The entire planet?

動物有自己的權利嗎？樹有自己的權利嗎？ 人類有責任義務尊重江河，巖石，病毒，以及整個地球萬物嗎？

As this century draws to a close, these are not merely questions for abstract philosophical debate but, as Roderick Frazier Nash points out in The Rights of Nature, issues of intense interest to theologians(神學家), lawyers, legislators and even scientists.Radical environmentalists are already demanding that legal and ethical protection be extended to all of nature, and a few of them have demonstrated a willingness to fight, break the law and even die in support of this belief.隨著這個世紀即將結束，這不只是抽象的哲學辯論的問題，而是如納什在“大自然權利”中指出的神學家、律師、立法者，甚至科學家都有強烈興趣的議題。激進的環(huán)保主義人士已經要求將法律和倫理的保護延伸到整個自然界，他們其中一部份人士已經向我們證明了愿意為了支持這種信念去抵抗和違反法律，甚至可以為此去犧牲的意志。

As described by Nash, the circle covered by the ethical rules governing individual and social behavior has expanded slowly and irregularly throughout history.Starting by granting rights to themselves, humans gradually enlarged the circle to include the family, the tribe, the nation and, in theory if not in practice, the entire community of human beings.When Thomas Jefferson wrote that all men were created equal and entitled to certain unalienable(不可剝奪的)rights, it was understood he was talking only about white males.Since the American Revolution, however, the right to ethical treatment has been extended, at least by law and social consensus, to include women and ethnic(民族的)minorities

正如納什所描述的，縱觀整個歷史，規(guī)范個人和社會行為的道德準則所涵蓋的圈子延伸（擴展）地緩慢而且無規(guī)律可循。從授予自己權力開始，人類逐漸地擴大圈子至家庭、民族、國家以及就算不是實際最起碼在理論上包括整個人類社會。托馬斯杰斐遜曾寫道人人生而平等并且被賦予某些不可剝奪的權利，他所談論的被解讀為只包括白種族的男性。然而，因為美國獨立戰(zhàn)爭的爆發(fā)，人道對待的權力范圍被擴大了，至少在法律和社會共識方面囊括了女性和少數(shù)民族。

The next page in this historyis now being written, Nash believes.For a growing number of people throughout the world but particularly in the United States, the belief is taking root.將道德和法律（所賦予）的權利向動、植物以及自然界的其他擴展的新的歷史篇章正在被書寫，納什認為。因為全世界越來越多的人（持這種信念）特別是在美國，這種信念正在深入人心。

The idea that nature has rights and is entitled to ethical consideration is

not a new one.Some Eastern religions define humans as only part of a great chain of being.But in the Christian tradition of the West, man was created to master nature, not to be part of it.認為大自然有權利有資格得到倫理考量的思想并不是一個新鮮事物。一些東方宗教僅僅把人類定義為存在巨鏈的一部分。但是在西方的基督傳統(tǒng)里，人類卻被看作是為征服自然而生而不是自然的一部分。

However, as environmentalism has evolved as a social movement in recent years, Nash says, the concept of liberating nature from persecution by humanity has gained followers.U.S.law, he notes, provides legal protection to animals and plants through the Endangered Species Act and the Marine Mammals Protection Act.Nash points to the increasingly aggressive positions of so-called deep environmentalists and other radicals who insist that nature has intrinsic(固有的)and unalienable rights that have nothing to do with its value to people.Some of these radicals have thrown themselves before bulldozers to protect virgin forests and chained themselves to rocks on a river bank to prevent the river from being dammed.然而，近年來隨著環(huán)境保護論逐漸形成一種社會運動，納什說，從人類的迫害中解脫大自然的理念已經得到追隨者。納什提到，美國通過《瀕危物種法》和《海洋哺乳動物保護法》為動植物提供法律保護。納什指出那些所謂的深環(huán)境保護主義者和其他堅持認為自然擁有固有的和不可剝奪的權利的激進分子漸增的咄咄逼人的立場與自然擁有的價值毫無關系。一些激進分子把自己置身于推土機前來保護原始森林以及把自己綁在河岸的礁石上去阻止在江河上建壩。

For the most part, Nash takes no position on questions of ethical duties.Only in an epilogue(跋), does he indicate where his sympathies lie.Just as the antislavery radicals in the early part of the 19th century were scorned(嘲笑)for insisting that slaves were human beings with rights, today's radical environmentalists are often laughed at for suggesting that nature is “the latest minority deserving a place in the sun of the American liberal tradition,”he says.But with the groundwork now laid for“mass participation in environmentalism,” Nash believes, there is a real possibility of serious confrontation with those who profit from exploitation of the environment.就大部分而言，納什在道德責任問題上并不持立場。只是在文章的最后，他的確表明他所贊同的地方。正像19世紀早期反奴隸制的激進分子堅持認為奴隸是有權利的人而被嘲諷一樣，今天的環(huán)保激進分子也常因為提出自然是“最新的應在美國自由主義傳統(tǒng)的陽光下得到一份席位的少數(shù)群體”而受到嘲笑，他說。但是以現(xiàn)在奠定的基礎等“更多的人參與到環(huán)保的行列中來”，納什認為，與從開發(fā)環(huán)境中獲利的人有一場嚴重沖突是很有可能的。

”If this situation, with its intellectual and political similarities to American before the Civil War, promises once again to endanger domestic peace,“

Nash warns, ”it is not the fault of history."

“如果這種和國內戰(zhàn)爭之前的美國具有知識和政治相似性的情況預示著（顯示出）再一次危及國內和平。”納什警告說，“那將不是歷史的錯。”