第一篇：富蘭克林巧讀書

龍源期刊網 http://.cn

富蘭克林巧讀書

作者：朱秀英

來源：《學生天地·小學中高年級》2007年第08期

富蘭克林出身貧困，幼年只上過兩年小學。可他在自學過程中創造性地運用復述式讀書法閱讀了大量書籍，獲取了豐富的知識，終于成為舉世聞名的、文理兼通的“傳奇科學家”。

一、概括提要。每讀完一篇文章，富蘭克林就沉思默想一番，竭力把文章的內容概括成一份比較詳細的提綱，寫在筆記本上。這樣讀一遍，想一遍，對內容概括一遍，再把概括結果寫一遍。眼、腦、手同時發揮作用，這樣文章就能理解得深，記憶得牢。長期堅持，思考能力和概括能力也就得到了提高。

二、回憶復述。概括提要幾天后，富蘭克林還會再把所寫的詳細提綱拿出來，借助它進行回憶。“試著不看原書，用自己想到的某些合適的詞和記出的摘要加以引申，要表現得跟原來的完全一樣”；“憑記憶把原篇重新照樣寫出來”。用腦中儲備的材料試著復現原文，為的是進一步探究原作的精髓，學習作者思考問題、表情達意的方法。復述中若有某些內容記不起或記錯了，留待下一步再加以解決。

三、對照修改。回憶復述后，富蘭克林會把原作找來，與之細細進行對照。通過對照，他不僅發現了自己的錯誤，而且還發現了自己“缺乏詞匯”，“在記誦和運用詞匯方面缺少準備功夫”，從而摸清了自己的底，找到了努力的方向。

四、整理改寫。經過上述步驟，對文章已經讀得很熟，對它的精妙之處也領會得較為深刻，富蘭克林在此基礎上再進行改寫工作。他先是憑記憶把所讀的文章進行縮寫，幾星期后，他又把所寫的文章改寫成原文，“竭力使它們還原為最好的次序”。寫成后，他再與原文對照，又能發現許多不足和錯誤。在研究不足和錯誤發生的原因中，他又學到了名家遣詞造句、謀篇布局的種種技巧。久而久之，他欣喜地發現自己的寫作水平有了明顯的提高。正是這樣的整理改寫，訓練了他“整理思想的方法”。

富蘭克林這種復述式的讀書法，從表面來看花時間、速度慢，而實際上卻是慢中藏快，笨中含巧。一段時間下來，便能積小得為大得，深入原文，享受到讀書的樂趣。

第二篇：英語讀書報告----《本杰明.富蘭克林自傳》

In today’s knowledge-exploiting world, we no longer want for things to see, hear, read or learn as our ancestors did.Indeed, so many things are emerging everyday, but most of which just flash past, disappear, and are never remembered again.And the same can be said of books.If you enter any bookstores or libraries, you will find it more and more difficult to choose what you want to buy or read, each book on the shelves seeming to be waving towards you and trying to convince you that he is a better choice.Gradually, I incline to be a little conservative when confronting the embarrassment and hesitation on choosing books,that is to pick up a classic-only attitude.If a book can preserve itself for more than a century, there must be some reasons to go through it.On the contrary, a best-seller today may have a life for no more than a decade.I don’t think someone can be more intelligent or wiser than history itself, which thus may be a better guide for what should read or whom we should listen to.Yet this may take the risk of missing the original rising of contemporary classics, I still think it deserved considering another risk of contributing my time to something worthless or even bad.Forgive me ,my dear teacher, for saying so much as irrelevant to the required “book report”.In fact, I am always swimming in books as you kindly expected.And the above feeling is just my little happy and also miserable story between me and books.Well, back to the theme, the Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin is here what I would like to reflect on, which demonstrates my principles as for choosing books-----“the older, the better”.Benjamin Franklin ,as we all have already known, was a most successful thinker, politician, diplomat, scientist and entrepreneur in American history.In his Autobiography, which was originally written by him to his son as an education for all his posterities, Franklin showed all of us how he emerged from poverty and obscurity to a state of affluence and reputation all over the world.He was born in a soap-boiling family and was bred a soap-boiler by his father and brother all through his childhood.Unlike his brothers ,sisters and most of other contemporaries, Franklin’s curiosity was not in the career his family had designed for him.In fact , like any children, he interested himself in so many things ,most in reading.Many who have read his Autobiography will say, that what separated him from any others was reading and thinking, this answer being not enough to satisfy myself.Personally, I concluded that it was his constant unsatisfaction with contemporary being and pursuit of truth that fundamentally led to his great success: It was for this reason that he made use of all his leisure time to read books of history, philosophy, literature, natural science and economics etc., and to learn by himself French, German, Italian, Portuguese and Latin language;it was for this reason that he escaped home to Philadelphia to make his own living before adulthood and finally set up his own printing-house;it was for this that he could list thirteen virtues as a lifelong pursuit to continually perfect himself when he was just twenty-three years old;it was for this reason that he established so many organizations such as Junto , proposed so many reforms of the city and made so many inventions which all improved people’s living standards;and most importantly, it was for this reason that he , along with such great figures as George Washington and Thomas Jerferson, led the Americans through the Independence Revolution and laid the foundation of prosperity for America.Great books won’t fade away with time passing by.The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin has long been a best-seller in the world’s publishing history for its over 200-year existence, during which it has influenced countless people and helped them to change their life road forever.Maybe that is where the force of classics lies, so old ,so strong……

Written by Yangxiaoqiang

第三篇：忙,何妨巧讀書

忙，成為很多人不讀書的理由。但有意思的是，一些極其繁忙的人，他們的閱讀量同時也是驚人的。古之司馬光、近之曾國藩，以及眾所周知的毛澤東，都是如此。如果善于安排，調理得當，忙碌其實不該成為妨礙讀書的借口。恰恰相反，有時忙碌會成為讀書的推動力。怎么做呢？我以為有以下三個方法：

其一，融讀書與忙碌為一體，是所謂“擠”時讀書。

當把讀書與工作和實踐結合起來時，閱讀是一種開闊思路的休閑方式，既豐富了實踐的視角，又拓展了個人的見識，可謂是相得益彰。我們往往可以看見很多人在事業發展的不同階段，會選擇不同的書來閱讀。閱讀與實踐結合，乃至成為實踐的一部分，就是將忙碌工作與讀書融為一體了，二者就不再對立。而且，它可能成為忙碌工作時一種自我休息的方式。比如，一位編程人員讀比爾?蓋茨的傳記，一位護士讀《德蘭修女傳》，一位律師讀推理偵探小說。這種閱讀沒有直接的實用訴求，卻是與工作相得益彰。這樣，你不會感覺讀書與工作是一種對立關系。當然，也不會有人覺得你是在不務正業。這是很多優秀人士成功的秘訣，既獲得了專業的啟發，又得到了身心的滋養。

其二，利用零碎時間積久功深，是所謂“揀”時讀書。

人之所以繁忙，是因為沒有整塊時間去閱讀。在八小時之外，很多人也加班加點，或忙于各種應酬，看似確實沒有時間閱讀了，但其實這是一種謬見。我們總以為讀書就要窗明幾凈，正襟危坐，用一整個上午時間，泡一壺清茶才能進行，其實不然。古人云，善讀書者善用“三余”時間，歐陽修所主張的枕上、馬上、廁上，皆是讀書時間。再繁忙的工作也總有許多邊邊角角的時間，比如候車、坐車、開會前一刻鐘，入睡前半小時以及晨起一刻鐘等等。這些時間利用好，讀一小段文字，會有受益與樂趣，而這一定要是一種非功利閱讀，即不是為了某種直接目的的閱讀。由于無所牽掛，不計其功，讀起來更容易得書中三昧。所以，能在繁忙間歇轉入閱讀，又能在該應對時由靜到動，從容轉換，是一種涵養，一種功夫。如此，善于利用零碎時間讀幾頁書，積少成多，有益無弊。嗜書如命，手不釋卷的達爾文曾經說過，“我從來不認為半小時是微不足道的很小的一段時間。”其實秘訣就在這里，那些大成就者的淵博可能就來自于這里。繁忙時節總有“邊角料”，就在于怎樣利用好。從這個層次上來說，讀書何嘗不是一項人生修煉。能靜能動，自在自由，人生不斷臻至更高境界。

其三，將讀書與休閑結合，是所謂“閑”時讀書。

忙碌使人沒有時間讀書，因為很多時間不屬于我們掌握。而節假日應當是大多數人可以自由支配的時間。這個時間讀一點書，或讓讀書成為休閑方式的一種，則是忙碌人士讀書的最佳選擇。讀書之所以被很多人視為畏途，在于它似乎總與學習相關。其實，要善于把讀書與直接的學習訴求相剝離，而與樂趣結合。輕松閱讀，完全可以是節假日的一種娛樂方式。我們每見海灘上，運動場旁有人在運動之余、休閑之余，手捧一卷似在休息，又似在閱讀。這樣可以慢慢品出讀書之樂。所以，節假日讀書也未嘗不是一種極好的娛樂方式——不但娛身，更怡心神。

本篇文章來源于http://

第四篇：富蘭克林演講稿

Second Inaugural Address(1937)We Will Carry On!持久進步之路

Franklin D.Roosevelt富蘭克林-羅斯福（1882---1945）

32nd President of the United States(1933---1945)Political Party : Democratic When four years ago we met to inaugurate a President ,the Republic ,single-minded in anxiety ,stood in spirit here.we dedicated ourselves to the fulfillment of a vision-to speed the time when there would be the pursuit of happiness.We of the Republic pledged ourselves to drive from the temple of our ancient faith those who had profaned it;to end by action ,tireless and unafraid , the stagnation and despair of that day.We did those first things first.Our covenant with ourselves did not stop there.Instinctively we recognized a deeper need-the need to find through government the instrument of our united purpose to solve for the individual the ever-rising problems of a complex civilization.Repeated attempts at their soluation without the aid of government had left us baffled and bewildered.For , without that aid ,we had been unable to create those moral controls over the services of science which are necessary to make science a useful servant instead of a ruthless master of mankind.To do this we knew that we must find practical controls over blind economic forces and blindly selfish men.We of Republic sensed the truth that democratic government has innate capacity to protect its people against disasters once considered inevitable ,to solve problems once considered unsolvable.We would not admit that we could not find a way to master economic epidemics just as , after centuries of fatalistic suffering , we had found a way to master epidemics of disease.We refused to leave the problems of our common welfare to be solved by the winds of chance and the hurricanes of disaster.In this we Americans were discovering no wholly new truth;we were writing a new chapter in our book of self-government.This year marks the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the Constitutional Convention which made us a nation.At that Convention our forefathers found the way out of the chaos which followed the Revolutionary War;they created a strong government with powers of united action sufficient then and now to solve problems utterly beyond individual or local solution.A century and a half ago they established the Federal Government in order to promote the general welfare and the blessings of liberty to the American people.Today we invoke those same powers of government to achieve the objectives.Four years of new experience have not belied our historic instinct.They hold out the clear hope that government within communities , government within the separate States , and government of the United States can do the things the times require , within yielding its democracy.Our tasks in the last four years did not force democracy to take a holiday.Nearly all of us recognize that as intricacies of human relationships increase , so power to govern them also must increase-power to stop evil;power to do good.The essential democracy of stop our Nation and safety of our people depend not upon the absence of power , but upon lodging it with those whom the people can change or continue at stated intervals through an honest and free system of elections.The Constitution of 1787 did not make our democracy impotent.In fact , in these last four years , we have made the exercise of all power more democratic;for we have begun to bring private autocratic powers into their proper subordination to the public’s government.The legend that they were invincible—above and beyond the processes

of a democracy—has been shattered.They have been challenged and beaten.Our progress out of the depression is obvious.But that is not all that you and I mean by the new order of things.Our pledge was not merely to do a patchwork job with secondhand materials.By using the new materials of social justice we have undertaken to erect on the old foundations a more enduring structure for the better use of future generations.In that purpose we have been helped by achievements of mind and spirit.Old truths have been relearned;untruths have been unlearned.We have always known that heedless self-interest was bad morals;we know now that it is bad economics.Out of the collapse of properity whose builders boasted their practicality has come the conviction that in the long run economic morality pays.We are beginning to wipe out the line that divides the practical from the ideal;and in so doing we are fashioning an instrument of unimagined power for the establishment of a morally better world.This new understanding undermines the old admiration of worldly success as such.We are beginning to abandon our tolerance of the abuse of power by those who betray for profit the elementary decencies of life.In this process evil things formerly accepted willnoy be so easily condoned.Hard-headedness will not so easily excuse hardheartedness.We are moving toward an era of good feeling.But we realize that there can be no era of good feeling save among men of good will.For these reasons I am justified that the greastest change we have witnessed has been the change in the moral climate of America.Among men of good will ,science and democracy together offer an ever-richer life and ever-larger satisfaction to the individual.With this change in our moral climate and our rediscovered ability to impeove our economic order , we have set our feet upon the road of enduring progress.Shall we pause now and turn our back upon the road that lies ahead ？Shall we call this the promised land ？Or ,shall we continue on our way ？For “Each age is a dream that is dying , or one that is coming to birth.”

Many voices are heard as we face a great decision.Comfort says , “Tarry a while.” Opportunism says , “This is a good spot.”Timidity asks , “How difficult is the road ahead ?”

True ,we have come far from the days of stagnation and despair.Vitality has been preserved.Courage and confidence have been restored.Mental and moral horizons have been extended.But our present gains were won under the pressure of more than ordinary circumstances.Advance became imperative under the good of fear and suffering.The times were on the side of progress.To hold to progress today , however , is more difficult.Dulled conscience , irresponsibility , and ruthless self-interest already reappear.Such symptoms of prosperity may become portents of disaster!Prosperity already tests the persistence of our progressive purpose.Let us ask again : Have we reach the goal of our vision of that fourth day of March 1933 ? Have we found our happy valley ? I see a great nation , upon a great continent , blessed with a great wealth of natural resources.Its hundred and thirty million people are at peace among themselves;they are making their county a good neighbour among the nations.I see a U nited States which can demonstrate that , under democratic methods of government , national wealth can be translated into a spreading volume of human comforts hitherto unknown , and the lowest standard of living

can be raised far above the level of mere subsistence.But here is the challenge to our democracy : In this nation I see tens of millions of its citizens---a substantial part of its whole population---who at this very moment are denied the greater part of what the very lowest standards of today call the necessities of life.I see millions of families trying to live on incomes so meager that the pall of family disaster hangs over them day by day.I see millions whose daily lives in city and on farm continue under conditions labeled indecent by a so-called polite society half a century ago.I see millions denied education , recreation , and the opportunity to better their lot and the lot of their children.I see millions lacking the means to buy the products of farm and factory and by their poverty denying work and productiveness to many other millions.I see one-third of a nation ill-clad , ill-housed , ill-nourished.It is not in despair that I paint you that picture.I paint it for you in hope---because the Nation , seeing and understanding the injustice in it , proposes to paint it out.We are determined to make every American citizen the subject of his country’s interest and concern;and we will never regard any faithful law-abiding group within our borders we add more to the abundance of those who have much;it is whether we provide enough for those who have too little.If I know aught of the spirit and purpose of our Nation , we will not listen to Comfort , Opportunism , and Timidity.We will carry on.Overwhelmingly , we of the Republic are men and women of good will;men and women who have more than warm hearts of dedication;men and women who have cool heads and willing hands of practical purpose as well.They will insist that every agency of popular government use effective instruments to carry out their will.Government is competent when all who compose it work as trustees for the whole people.It can make constant progress when it keeps abreast of all the facts.It can obtain justified support and legitimate criticism when the people receive true information of all that government does.If I know aught of the will of our people , they wil demand that these conditions of effective government shall be created and maintained.They will demand a nation uncorrupted by cancers of injustice and , therefore , strong among the nations in its example of the will to peace.Today we reconsecrate our country to long-cherished ideals in a suddenly changed civilization.In every land there are always at work forces that drive men apart and forces that draw men together.In our personal ambitions we are individualists.But in our seeking for economic and political progress as a nation , we all go up , or else we all go down , as one people.To maintain a democracy of effort requires a vast amount of patience in dealing with differing methods , a vast amount of humility.But out of the confusion of many voices rises an understanding of dominant public need.Then political leadership can voice common ideals , and aid in their realizatioin.In talking again the oath of office as President of the United States , I assume the solemn obligation of leading the American people forward along the road over which they have chosen to advance.While this dutty rests upon me I shall do my utmost to speak their purpose and to do theit will , seeking Divine guidance to help us each and every one to give light to them that sit in darkness and to guide our feet into the way of peace.

第五篇：富蘭克林名人名言

富蘭克林名人名言

1、我不讓工作追求，而是去追求工作，常常努力于完全統馭工作，而不做工作的奴隸。人大凡具有完全統馭工作的信心，精神就必然振奮。——富蘭克林（美國）

2、一個人失敗的最大原因，是對自己的能力缺乏充分的信心，甚至以為自己必將失敗無疑。——富蘭克林

3、你熱愛生命嗎?那么別浪費時間，因為時間構成生命的`材料。——富蘭克林

4、擇友宜慎，棄之更宜慎。富蘭克林

5、兄弟可能不是朋友，但朋友常常如兄弟。——富蘭克林

6、閑暇就是為了做一些有益事情的時間。——富蘭克林

7、你熱愛生命嗎？那么別浪費時間，因為時間是組成生命的材料。——富蘭克林

8、沒有任何動物比螞蟻更勤奮，然而它卻最沉默寡言——富蘭克林

9、懶鬼起來吧！別再浪費生命，將來地墳墓內有足夠的時間讓你睡的。————（美國）富蘭克林

10、失足，你可能馬上復站立，失信，你也許永難挽回——富蘭克林

11、七十一懶惰象生銹一樣，比操勞更能消耗身體經常用的鑰匙，總是亮閃閃的。——富蘭克林

12、我不讓工作追求，而是去追求工作，常常努力于完全統御工作，而不做工作的奴隸。人如果能具有完全統御工作的信心，精神就必然振奮。——富蘭克林

13、你熱愛生命嗎?那么別浪費時間，因為時間是組成生命的材料。——富蘭克林

14、失足，你可以馬上恢復站立;失信，你也許永難挽回。——(美)富蘭克林

15、閑暇是為了做出某種有益的事而有的時間。——富蘭克林（美國）

16、我們從別人的發明中享受了很大的利益，我們也應該樂于有機會以我們的任何一種發明為別人服務；而這種事我們應該自愿的和慷慨地去。——富蘭克林

17、命運的變化猶如月之圓缺，對智者毫無妨害。——富蘭克林

18、你熱愛生命嗎？那么別浪費時間，因為時間是構成生命的材料。——富蘭克林

19、一個人失敗的最大原因，就是對于自己的能力永遠不敢充分的信任甚至自己認為必將失敗無疑。——富蘭克林

20、今天乃是我們惟一可以生存時間。我們不要庸人自擾-或為未來的漫無目的而苦悶，或為昨天的過去而傷懷-而使它成了我們身體上和精神上的地獄。——富蘭克林（美國）

21、懶惰像生銹一樣，比操勞更能消耗身體經常用的鑰匙，總是亮閃閃的。——富蘭克林

22、你熱愛生命嗎？那幺別浪費時間，由于時間是組成生命的材料。——富蘭克林

23、早眠早起，使人健康富有明智。——富蘭克林

24、誠實和勤勉應該成為你永久的伴侶。——富蘭克林

25、讀書是易事，思索是難事，但兩者缺一，便全無用處。——（美國）富蘭克林

26、你熱愛生命嗎？那么別揮霍時刻，由于時刻是構成生命的原料。——富蘭克林

27、對于所受的傷害，寬恕比復仇更高尚，鄙視比雪恥更有氣度。——富蘭克林

28、成功與失敗的分水嶺，可以用這五個字來表達我沒有時間。（美國）富蘭克林

29、忽視當前一剎那的人，等于虛擲了他所有的一切。——富蘭克林

30、讀書使人充實，思考使人深邃，交談使人清醒。——富蘭克林

31、你熱愛生命嗎？那么別浪費時間，因為時間是組成生命的材料——富蘭克林

32、失足，你可能馬上復站立，失信，你也許永難挽回。——富蘭克林

33、我們常聽說由水變成酒是個奇跡。這個由上帝恩典造成的奇跡每日都發生天堂將下雨水到葡萄園，由樹根進入葡萄，變成酒。這是上帝愛我們，并樂見我們快樂的明證。——富蘭克林

34、浪費時刻是所有支出中最奢侈及最昂貴的。——富蘭克林