第一篇：2013溫家寶政府工作報(bào)告

十二屆全國(guó)人大一次會(huì)議今日上午9時(shí)在北京人民大會(huì)堂開幕，國(guó)務(wù)院總理溫家寶第十次在開幕會(huì)上作《政府工作報(bào)告》，這也是本屆政府的最后一次工作報(bào)告。全文如下：

政府工作報(bào)告

2013年3月5日在第十二屆全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)第一次會(huì)議上

國(guó)務(wù)院總理 溫家寶

現(xiàn)在，我代表國(guó)務(wù)院，向大會(huì)報(bào)告過(guò)去五年的政府工作，并對(duì)今年工作提出建議，請(qǐng)各位代表審議，并請(qǐng)全國(guó)政協(xié)委員提出意見。

一、過(guò)去五年工作回顧

第十一屆全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)第一次會(huì)議以來(lái)的五年，是我國(guó)發(fā)展進(jìn)程中極不平凡的五年。我們有效應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)的嚴(yán)重沖擊，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值從26.6萬(wàn)億元增加到51.9萬(wàn)億元，躍升到世界第二位；公共財(cái)政收入從5.1萬(wàn)億元增加到11.7萬(wàn)億元；累計(jì)新增城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)5870萬(wàn)人，城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入和農(nóng)村居民人均純收入年均分別增長(zhǎng)8.8%、9.9%；糧食產(chǎn)量實(shí)現(xiàn)“九連增”；重要領(lǐng)域改革取得新進(jìn)展，開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)達(dá)到新水平；創(chuàng)新型國(guó)家建設(shè)取得新成就，載人航天、探月工程、載人深潛、北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)、超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)、高速鐵路等實(shí)現(xiàn)重大突破，第一艘航母“遼寧艦”入列；成功舉辦北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)、殘奧會(huì)和上海世博會(huì)；奪取抗擊汶川特大地震、玉樹強(qiáng)烈地震、舟曲特大山洪泥石流等嚴(yán)重自然災(zāi)害和災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建重大勝利。我國(guó)社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力和綜合國(guó)力顯著提高，人民生活水平和社會(huì)保障水平顯著提高，國(guó)際地位和國(guó)際影響力顯著提高。我們圓滿完成“十一五”規(guī)劃，順利實(shí)施“十二五”規(guī)劃。社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會(huì)建設(shè)、生態(tài)文明建設(shè)取得重大進(jìn)展，譜寫了中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義事業(yè)新篇章。

五年來(lái)的主要工作及特點(diǎn)：

一是有效應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。過(guò)去五年，我們是在持續(xù)應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)嚴(yán)重沖擊中走過(guò)來(lái)的。這場(chǎng)危機(jī)來(lái)勢(shì)之猛、擴(kuò)散之快、影響之深，百年罕見。我們沉著應(yīng)對(duì)，及時(shí)果斷調(diào)整宏觀調(diào)控著力點(diǎn)，出臺(tái)進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需、促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快增長(zhǎng)的十項(xiàng)措施，全面實(shí)施一攬子計(jì)劃。兩年新增4萬(wàn)億元投資，其中中央財(cái)政投資1.26萬(wàn)億元，主要用于保障性安居工程、農(nóng)村民生工程、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、社會(huì)事業(yè)、生態(tài)環(huán)保、自主創(chuàng)新等方面建設(shè)和災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建。

五年來(lái)，新建各類保障性住房1800多萬(wàn)套，棚戶區(qū)改造住房1200多萬(wàn)套；完成大中型和重點(diǎn)小型水庫(kù)除險(xiǎn)加固1.8萬(wàn)座，治理重點(diǎn)中小河流2.45萬(wàn)公里，新增節(jié)水灌溉面積770萬(wàn)公頃；新增鐵路里程1.97萬(wàn)公里，其中高速鐵路8951公里，京滬、京廣、哈大等高鐵和一批城際鐵路相繼投入運(yùn)營(yíng)；新增公路60.9萬(wàn)公里，其中高速公路4.2萬(wàn)公里，高速公路總里程達(dá)9.56萬(wàn)公里；

新建機(jī)場(chǎng)31個(gè)；新增萬(wàn)噸級(jí)港口泊位602個(gè)；一批跨江跨海大橋、連島工程相繼建成；西氣東輸、西電東送、南水北調(diào)等重大工程順利推進(jìn)或建成；非化石能源快速發(fā)展，水電、風(fēng)電裝機(jī)位居世界第一；

重建后的汶川、玉樹、舟曲等災(zāi)區(qū)發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化。這些舉世矚目的成就，對(duì)我們有效應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)嚴(yán)重沖擊發(fā)揮了至關(guān)重要的作用，為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)，已經(jīng)并將繼續(xù)造福億萬(wàn)人民。

我們始終注重處理好保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)和管理通脹預(yù)期的關(guān)系，增強(qiáng)宏觀政策的前瞻性、科學(xué)性、有效性，注意把握好政策的取向、力度和重點(diǎn)。在國(guó)際金融危機(jī)沖擊最嚴(yán)重時(shí)，果斷實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策，綜合運(yùn)用多種財(cái)政政策工具，增加政府支出，實(shí)行結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅；有效運(yùn)用存款準(zhǔn)備金率、利率等貨幣政策工具，保持貨幣信貸合理增長(zhǎng)。

根據(jù)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)走勢(shì)的變化，我們及時(shí)調(diào)整政策力度，適時(shí)退出刺激政策，實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策。在財(cái)政政策運(yùn)用

上，堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)籌兼顧，注重綜合平衡。

財(cái)政赤字占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的比重從2009年的2.8%降到去年的1.5%左右，赤字率和債務(wù)負(fù)擔(dān)率保持在安全水平。加強(qiáng)地方政府性債務(wù)全面審計(jì)和地方政府融資平臺(tái)管理，有效控制經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隱患。在貨幣政策運(yùn)用上，始終注意把握穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、控物價(jià)和防風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之間的平衡。

金融體系運(yùn)行穩(wěn)健，銀行業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)抵御能力持續(xù)增強(qiáng)，資本充足率從2007年底的8.4%提升到去年底的13.3%，不良貸款率由6.1%下降到0.95%，一直保持在較低水平。

堅(jiān)持搞好房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)調(diào)控不動(dòng)搖，遏制了房?jī)r(jià)過(guò)快上漲勢(shì)頭。2012年，在世界各大經(jīng)濟(jì)體增長(zhǎng)全面減速、各種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)不斷暴露的情況下，我們合理把握政策力度，保持財(cái)政預(yù)算支出規(guī)模不變，優(yōu)化支出結(jié)構(gòu)，扭轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)濟(jì)下滑趨勢(shì)，全面實(shí)現(xiàn)年初確定的主要目標(biāo)，國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長(zhǎng)7.8%，城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1266萬(wàn)人，居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格漲幅回落到2.6%，為今年經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展打下好的基礎(chǔ)。

這五年，我國(guó)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)總體上保持增速平穩(wěn)較快、物價(jià)相對(duì)穩(wěn)定、就業(yè)持續(xù)增加、國(guó)際收支趨于平衡的良好態(tài)勢(shì)，國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值年均增長(zhǎng)9.3%，顯著高于同期全球和新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體的增速，通貨膨脹率遠(yuǎn)低于其他新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體。我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定，充滿活力。

回首這五年，面對(duì)國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)復(fù)雜多變、持續(xù)低迷的嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)，中央科學(xué)判斷、果斷決策，有效避免了我國(guó)現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程因巨大的外部沖擊而出現(xiàn)大的波折，實(shí)踐證明這些決策部署是完全正確的。

二是加快經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，提高經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的質(zhì)量和效益。堅(jiān)持實(shí)施擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需戰(zhàn)略，內(nèi)需對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的貢獻(xiàn)率明顯提高，經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目順差占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的比重從10.1%下降到2.6%。居民消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)加快升級(jí)。2012年底，城鎮(zhèn)和農(nóng)村人均住房面積32.9平方米、37.1平方米，分別比2007年增加2.8平方米和5.5平方米；

城鎮(zhèn)居民每百戶擁有家用汽車21.5輛，比2007年增加15.5輛；旅游、文化消費(fèi)大幅增加。堅(jiān)持走中國(guó)特色新型工業(yè)化道路，大力推進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)。我國(guó)制造業(yè)規(guī)模躍居全球首位，高技術(shù)制造業(yè)增加值年均增長(zhǎng)13.4%，成為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)重要先導(dǎo)性、支柱性產(chǎn)業(yè)；

清潔能源、節(jié)能環(huán)保、新一代信息技術(shù)、生物醫(yī)藥、高端裝備制造等一批戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展。產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量整體水平不斷提高。服務(wù)業(yè)增加值占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重提高2.7個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，成為吸納就業(yè)最多的產(chǎn)業(yè)。

扎實(shí)推進(jìn)節(jié)能減排和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)。五年累計(jì)，共淘汰落后煉鐵產(chǎn)能1.17億噸、煉鋼產(chǎn)能7800萬(wàn)噸、水泥產(chǎn)能7.75億噸；新增城市污水日處理能力4600萬(wàn)噸；單位國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降17.2%，化學(xué)需氧量、二氧化硫排放總量分別下降15.7%和17.5%。

修訂環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，增加細(xì)顆粒物PM2.5等監(jiān)測(cè)指標(biāo)。推進(jìn)天然林保護(hù)、退耕還林、防沙治沙等重點(diǎn)生態(tài)工程建設(shè)，五年累計(jì)完成造林2953萬(wàn)公頃，治理沙漠化、石漠化土地1196萬(wàn)公頃，綜合治理水土流失面積24.6萬(wàn)平方公里，整治國(guó)土面積18萬(wàn)平方公里。

第二篇：2004溫家寶政府工作報(bào)告

2004年政府工作報(bào)告

2004年政府工作報(bào)告

——2004年3月5日在第十屆全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)第二次會(huì)議上

國(guó)務(wù)院總理溫家寶

各位代表：

本屆政府履行職責(zé)已經(jīng)一年。現(xiàn)在，我代表國(guó)務(wù)院，向大會(huì)作政府工作報(bào)告，請(qǐng)予審議，并請(qǐng)全國(guó)政協(xié)各位委員提出意見。一、一年來(lái)工作回顧

過(guò)去的一年，是我國(guó)發(fā)展進(jìn)程中重要而非同尋常的一年，是改革開放和社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得顯著成就的一年。面對(duì)復(fù)雜多變的國(guó)際形勢(shì)、突如其來(lái)的非典型肺炎疫情和頻繁發(fā)生的自然災(zāi)害，在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，各級(jí)政府和全國(guó)各族人民一道，以鄧小平理論和“三個(gè)代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，貫徹落實(shí)黨的十六大精神，迎難而上，頑強(qiáng)拼搏，奮力開拓創(chuàng)新，在全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的道路上邁出重要步伐。

——抗擊非典取得重大勝利。

——經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展。國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比上年增長(zhǎng)９．１％，達(dá)到１１．６７萬(wàn)億元；按現(xiàn)行匯率計(jì)算，人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值突破１０００美元，跨上一個(gè)重要臺(tái)階。

——國(guó)家財(cái)力明顯增強(qiáng)。全國(guó)財(cái)政收入達(dá)到２．１７萬(wàn)億元，比上年增加２７８７億元。

——對(duì)外貿(mào)易大幅增長(zhǎng)。進(jìn)出口總額比上年增長(zhǎng)３７．１％，達(dá)到８５１２億美元，由上年居世界第五位上升到第四位。

——就業(yè)超過(guò)預(yù)期目標(biāo)。城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)８５９萬(wàn)人，下崗失業(yè)人員再就業(yè)４４０萬(wàn)人。

——居民收入增加。城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)９％，農(nóng)民人均純收入實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)４．３％。

——首次載人航天飛行獲得圓滿成功。

這些成就，標(biāo)志著我國(guó)綜合國(guó)力又有新的提高，進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)了全國(guó)人民繼續(xù)前進(jìn)的信心和勇氣。

一年來(lái)，我們主要做了以下六方面工作：

（一）采取果斷措施，集中力量抗擊非典

去年春天，我國(guó)遭遇了一場(chǎng)非典疫情重大災(zāi)害。黨中央、國(guó)務(wù)院把人民群眾的身體健康和生命安全放在第一位，及時(shí)研究和部署防治非典工作。貫徹《中華人民共和國(guó)傳染病防治法》，制定《突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件應(yīng)急條例》，將非典列為法定傳染病管理，如實(shí)公布疫情，在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)實(shí)行群防群控。國(guó)務(wù)院和地方政府成立防治非典指揮部，統(tǒng)一調(diào)度人力物力財(cái)力，充分發(fā)揮城鄉(xiāng)基層組織的作用，確保預(yù)防、救治工作緊張有序進(jìn)行。組織科研攻關(guān)，在診斷、治療、防疫等方面取得重要進(jìn)展。對(duì)農(nóng)民非典患者實(shí)行免費(fèi)治療等措施，嚴(yán)防疫情向農(nóng)村擴(kuò)散。

在抗擊非典斗爭(zhēng)的艱難時(shí)刻，各級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部深入第一線，全國(guó)人民萬(wàn)眾一心，社會(huì)各界同舟共濟(jì)，廣大醫(yī)務(wù)工作者臨危不懼，中華民族經(jīng)受住了嚴(yán)峻的考驗(yàn)。

（二）適時(shí)適度調(diào)控，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)快速發(fā)展

我們堅(jiān)持?jǐn)U大內(nèi)需方針，繼續(xù)實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策，針對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行中出現(xiàn)的新情況，及時(shí)采取措施進(jìn)行宏觀調(diào)控。

在非典肆虐的情況下，我們堅(jiān)持一手抓防治非典不放松，一手抓經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)不動(dòng)搖。著力加強(qiáng)重點(diǎn)建設(shè)，促進(jìn)工業(yè)生產(chǎn)，保證物流暢通，及時(shí)對(duì)受疫情沖擊較大的行業(yè)實(shí)行減免稅費(fèi)、貼息貸款等扶持政策，并制定促進(jìn)就業(yè)和增加農(nóng)民收入等方面的措施，最大限度地減輕了疫情對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的影響。

我們主要運(yùn)用經(jīng)濟(jì)、法律手段，采取綜合措施，引導(dǎo)和調(diào)控社會(huì)投資。進(jìn)一步整頓和規(guī)范土地市場(chǎng)秩序，全面清理各類開發(fā)區(qū)，制止亂征濫占耕地。適當(dāng)提高金融機(jī)構(gòu)存款準(zhǔn)備金率，控制貨幣信貸過(guò)快增長(zhǎng)勢(shì)頭。在調(diào)控中，注意適度微調(diào)和區(qū)別對(duì)待。

我們加大“三農(nóng)”工作力度，及時(shí)作出部署，保護(hù)糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū)和廣大農(nóng)民的種糧積極性。加強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行協(xié)調(diào)，采取措施增加供給，引導(dǎo)需求合理增長(zhǎng)，緩解煤、電、油、運(yùn)和重要原材料供應(yīng)緊張狀況。

我們積極推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整，抓緊一批對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整有重大促進(jìn)作用的重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目建設(shè)，特別是加快水利、能源、交通等項(xiàng)目的開工和建設(shè)。三峽水利樞紐二期工程勝利完成，三期工程拉開序幕；西氣東輸東段工程成功貫通；青藏鐵路正線鋪軌順利推進(jìn)；西電東送規(guī)模擴(kuò)大；南水北調(diào)工程?hào)|、中線開工建設(shè)。西部大開發(fā)繼續(xù)推進(jìn)，東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地振興戰(zhàn)略開始實(shí)施。

（三）注重統(tǒng)籌兼顧，加快社會(huì)事業(yè)發(fā)展

非典疫情蔓延，集中暴露出我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展不協(xié)調(diào)的問(wèn)題。我們從政府工作的著力點(diǎn)和財(cái)政投入等方面，及時(shí)作出必要調(diào)整，推動(dòng)社會(huì)事業(yè)加快發(fā)展。中央財(cái)政全年用于教育、衛(wèi)生、科技、文化、體育事業(yè)的支出達(dá)８５５億元，比上年增長(zhǎng)１２．４％；支持社會(huì)事業(yè)發(fā)展的國(guó)債投資達(dá)１６３億元，增長(zhǎng)近兩倍。

以疾病預(yù)防控制和農(nóng)村為重點(diǎn)，加強(qiáng)全國(guó)公共衛(wèi)生體系建設(shè)。制定并組織實(shí)施《國(guó)家公共衛(wèi)生監(jiān)測(cè)信息體系建設(shè)規(guī)劃》和《突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件醫(yī)療救治體系建設(shè)規(guī)劃》，建立突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件預(yù)警和應(yīng)急機(jī)制。加強(qiáng)公共衛(wèi)生設(shè)施建設(shè)，重點(diǎn)抓了省、市（地）、縣三級(jí)疾病預(yù)防控制網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)。采取中央與地方共建辦法，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村衛(wèi)生醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)建設(shè)。開展新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度和醫(yī)療救助制度試點(diǎn)。

國(guó)務(wù)院作出《關(guān)于進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村教育工作的決定》。中央財(cái)政和國(guó)債資金加大了對(duì)農(nóng)村教育的支持力度，主要用于補(bǔ)助中西部農(nóng)村教師工資發(fā)放、中小學(xué)危房改造、中小學(xué)現(xiàn)代遠(yuǎn)程教育工程試點(diǎn)和資助家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難的學(xué)生。許多城市開始實(shí)行以流入地政府管理為主的辦法，努力使進(jìn)城務(wù)工農(nóng)民的子女能夠上學(xué)。

一年來(lái)，我國(guó)基礎(chǔ)研究、戰(zhàn)略高技術(shù)研究和高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)化取得重要進(jìn)展。國(guó)務(wù)院著手編制國(guó)家中長(zhǎng)期科學(xué)和技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃，組織大批專家參與研究論證，已有一批重要研究成果。

積極推進(jìn)文化體制改革和文化事業(yè)發(fā)展。文化市場(chǎng)整頓力度加大。群眾體育和競(jìng)技體育運(yùn)動(dòng)取得新成績(jī)。

人口和計(jì)劃生育工作進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。國(guó)土資源管理、環(huán)境保護(hù)、林業(yè)發(fā)展和生態(tài)建設(shè)等方面都做了大量工作，取得新成效。

（四）關(guān)心群眾生活，做好就業(yè)和社會(huì)保障工作

我們高度重視解決群眾特別是困難群眾的生產(chǎn)生活問(wèn)題，維護(hù)群眾切身利益。各級(jí)政府認(rèn)真落實(shí)中央關(guān)于擴(kuò)大就業(yè)再就業(yè)的一系列措施，加大資金投入、政策支持和工作力度。中央財(cái)政新增４７億元專項(xiàng)補(bǔ)助資金，用于支持就業(yè)再就業(yè)。加強(qiáng)對(duì)高校擴(kuò)招后首批畢業(yè)生就業(yè)的指導(dǎo)和服務(wù)，全國(guó)普通高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)率去年底達(dá)到８３％，比上年增加６０萬(wàn)人。

為繼續(xù)落實(shí)“兩個(gè)確保”和“三條保障線”，２００３年中央財(cái)政支出７００億元，比上年增長(zhǎng)１９．９％；其中用于城市居民最低生活保障的補(bǔ)助資金由上年４６億元增加到９２億元。全國(guó)２２３５萬(wàn)城市居民得到最低生活保障。從２００３年起，中央財(cái)政每年安排專項(xiàng)資金，支持地方解決企業(yè)軍轉(zhuǎn)干部等生活困難問(wèn)題；再次提高革命傷殘人員等優(yōu)撫對(duì)象的撫恤補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

我們進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)工作，增加資金投入，改善貧困地區(qū)生產(chǎn)生活條件。全力做好抗災(zāi)救災(zāi)工作，中央財(cái)政用于洪澇、干旱、地震等救災(zāi)救濟(jì)支出８０．３億元，比上年增長(zhǎng)６３．９％；用于災(zāi)后重建的中央投資２７．９億元。災(zāi)區(qū)群眾生活得到妥善安排，恢復(fù)生產(chǎn)和重建工作有序進(jìn)行。各級(jí)政府重視解決拖欠農(nóng)民工工資問(wèn)題，加大了工作力度，取得初步成效。

（五）推進(jìn)體制創(chuàng)新，改革開放邁出重要步伐

按照十屆全國(guó)人大一次會(huì)議批準(zhǔn)的方案，國(guó)務(wù)院機(jī)構(gòu)改革順利完成，調(diào)整和新組建的機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)正常。宏觀調(diào)控體系建設(shè)、國(guó)有資產(chǎn)管理體制改革和銀行業(yè)監(jiān)管體系建設(shè)取得重要進(jìn)展。統(tǒng)一內(nèi)外貿(mào)管理體制，調(diào)整了食品安全和安全生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管體制。省級(jí)政府機(jī)構(gòu)改革基本完成。行政審批制度改革進(jìn)一步深化。

國(guó)有企業(yè)股份制改革繼續(xù)推進(jìn)。電力、電信、民航等行業(yè)的改革加快。國(guó)有及國(guó)有控股工業(yè)企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益大幅度提高，實(shí)現(xiàn)利潤(rùn)３７８４億元，比上年增長(zhǎng)４５．２％。銀行、證券、保險(xiǎn)業(yè)改革穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)。制定并實(shí)施國(guó)有商業(yè)銀行股份制改造試點(diǎn)方案。改革了證券發(fā)行審核制度。國(guó)有保險(xiǎn)企業(yè)股份制改造取得明顯進(jìn)展。醞釀多年的農(nóng)村信用社改革開始在８?jìng)€(gè)省（市）試點(diǎn)。農(nóng)村稅費(fèi)改革試點(diǎn)擴(kuò)大到全國(guó)。促進(jìn)非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的政策措施進(jìn)一步落實(shí)。深入整頓和規(guī)范市場(chǎng)秩序，堅(jiān)決打擊制售假冒偽劣商品和走私等違法犯罪活動(dòng)，改善市場(chǎng)環(huán)境，維護(hù)消費(fèi)者和生產(chǎn)者合法權(quán)益。

我們認(rèn)真履行加入世貿(mào)組織的承諾，繼續(xù)降低關(guān)稅稅率，擴(kuò)大服務(wù)業(yè)對(duì)外開放。外貿(mào)經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)進(jìn)一步放開。制定并實(shí)施出口退稅機(jī)制改革方案，積累多年的欠退稅問(wèn)題將逐步得到合理解決。加強(qiáng)了應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)外反傾銷調(diào)查和解決貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端的工作。進(jìn)出口商品結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化。全年實(shí)際利用外商直接投資５３５億美元。年底國(guó)家外匯儲(chǔ)備達(dá)４０３３億美元，比年初增加１１６８億美元。人民幣匯率保持穩(wěn)定。去年，還簽署了內(nèi)地與香港、內(nèi)地與澳門建立更緊密經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的安排，增強(qiáng)了內(nèi)地與港澳的經(jīng)貿(mào)聯(lián)系。

（六）加強(qiáng)法制建設(shè)，維護(hù)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定

我們高度重視政府法制建設(shè)。國(guó)務(wù)院先后提出銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理法草案、對(duì)外貿(mào)易法修訂草案等５部法律議案；制定了《企業(yè)國(guó)有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)督管理暫行條例》等２８部行政法規(guī)。針對(duì)收容遣送工作中存在的問(wèn)題，制定并組織實(shí)施《城市生活無(wú)著的流浪乞討人員救助管理辦法》和配套措施。《法律援助條例》的實(shí)施，為困難群眾解決打官司難提供幫助。

加強(qiáng)社會(huì)治安綜合治理。對(duì)治安混亂地區(qū)進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)整治。加大對(duì)嚴(yán)重暴力犯罪等突出犯罪的打擊力度，社會(huì)治安取得新的進(jìn)步。堅(jiān)持執(zhí)法為民、從嚴(yán)治警，著重解決超期羈押、濫用強(qiáng)制措施等問(wèn)題，保障公民的合法權(quán)益。加強(qiáng)政法隊(duì)伍建設(shè)，發(fā)揮公安機(jī)關(guān)和武警部隊(duì)在維護(hù)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定中的重要作用。

過(guò)去的一年，各級(jí)政府按照黨中央的部署，興起學(xué)習(xí)貫徹“三個(gè)代表”重要思想和黨的十六大精神的高潮。社會(huì)主義政治文明建設(shè)繼續(xù)推進(jìn)，精神文明建設(shè)進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。廉政建設(shè)和反腐敗工作取得新成效。民族、宗教、僑務(wù)工作取得新成績(jī)。國(guó)防和軍隊(duì)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)邁出新步伐。外交工作開創(chuàng)了新局面。

一年來(lái)各方面的顯著成就，確實(shí)來(lái)之不易。這是黨中央總攬全局、正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的結(jié)果，是全國(guó)各族人民團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗、辛勤勞動(dòng)的結(jié)果。我代表國(guó)務(wù)院向全國(guó)工人、農(nóng)民、知識(shí)分子和干部，向社會(huì)主義勞動(dòng)者和社會(huì)主義事業(yè)的建設(shè)者，向解放軍指戰(zhàn)員、武警部隊(duì)官兵和公安民警，表示誠(chéng)摯的感謝！向全國(guó)各族人民，各民主黨派、各人民團(tuán)體和各界人士，對(duì)政府工作的信任和支持，表示誠(chéng)摯的感謝！向關(guān)心和支持祖國(guó)建設(shè)和統(tǒng)一的香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞和臺(tái)灣同胞，以及廣大僑胞，向一切關(guān)心和支持中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的各國(guó)朋友，表示誠(chéng)摯的感謝！

回顧過(guò)去一年，我們清醒地看到，在前進(jìn)道路上還有許多困難和問(wèn)題，政府工作還有不少缺點(diǎn)，群眾還有一些不滿意的地方，多年積累的深層次矛盾從根本上解決還需要相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。農(nóng)民增收緩慢，就業(yè)和社會(huì)保障任務(wù)重，區(qū)域發(fā)展不平衡，部分社會(huì)成員收入差距過(guò)大，資源環(huán)境壓力增加。在經(jīng)濟(jì)加快發(fā)展的過(guò)程中，又出現(xiàn)一些新的矛盾，特別是投資規(guī)模偏大，部分行業(yè)和地區(qū)盲目投資、低水平重復(fù)建設(shè)比較嚴(yán)重，能源、交通和部分原材料供求關(guān)系緊張。糧食減產(chǎn)較多，違法違規(guī)占用耕地現(xiàn)象比較突出。社會(huì)事業(yè)發(fā)展滯后，群眾對(duì)上學(xué)難、看病難等問(wèn)題反映比較強(qiáng)烈。城鄉(xiāng)不少低收入居民生活還比較困難。一些地方嚴(yán)重刑事犯罪案件屢有發(fā)生。重大安全事故接連出現(xiàn)，給人民群眾生命財(cái)產(chǎn)造成嚴(yán)重?fù)p失，教訓(xùn)極為深刻。我們還清醒地看到，有些政府工作人員存在主觀主義、形式主義和官僚主義作風(fēng)，奢侈浪費(fèi)，弄虛作假，甚至貪污腐敗。政府自身建設(shè)和反腐敗工作十分艱巨。

對(duì)這些矛盾和問(wèn)題，必須高度重視而不可回避，認(rèn)真解決而不可任其發(fā)展。政府工作任重道遠(yuǎn)。我們要保持清醒頭腦，增強(qiáng)憂患意識(shí)和歷史責(zé)任感，下定決心，知難而進(jìn)，開拓創(chuàng)新，扎實(shí)工作，以新的精神狀態(tài)、新的工作面貌，迎接新的考驗(yàn)，決不辜負(fù)人民的期望。

二、２００４年主要任務(wù)

今年是我國(guó)改革和發(fā)展十分關(guān)鍵的一年。政府工作的基本思路和主要任務(wù)是，以鄧小平理論和“三個(gè)代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，全面貫徹黨的十六大和十六屆三中全會(huì)精神，抓住重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期，抓好發(fā)展這個(gè)第一要?jiǎng)?wù)，堅(jiān)持科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，按照“五個(gè)統(tǒng)籌”的要求，更加注重搞好宏觀調(diào)控，更加注重統(tǒng)籌兼顧，更加注重以人為本，更加注重改革創(chuàng)新，著力解決經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中的突出矛盾，著力解決關(guān)系人民群眾切身利益的突出問(wèn)題，正確處理改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定的關(guān)系，推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)全面、協(xié)調(diào)、可持續(xù)發(fā)展，實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)主義物質(zhì)文明、政治文明和精神文明共同進(jìn)步。

（一）加強(qiáng)和改善宏觀調(diào)控，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展

今年經(jīng)濟(jì)工作的基本著眼點(diǎn)，是把各方面加快發(fā)展的積極性保護(hù)好、引導(dǎo)好、發(fā)揮好，實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，防止經(jīng)濟(jì)出現(xiàn)大起大落。中央提出今年經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)預(yù)期目標(biāo)為７％左右，既考慮了保持宏觀調(diào)控目標(biāo)的連續(xù)性，也考慮了經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)速度與能源、重要原材料、交通運(yùn)輸?shù)葘?shí)際條件的銜接，減輕對(duì)資源和環(huán)境的壓力。這也有利于引導(dǎo)各方面把主要精力放在深化改革、調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)、提高經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的質(zhì)量和效益上，把更多的財(cái)力、物力用在社會(huì)發(fā)展和加強(qiáng)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)上。

搞好宏觀調(diào)控，既要保持宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的連續(xù)性和穩(wěn)定性，又要根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)發(fā)展變化，適時(shí)適度調(diào)整政策實(shí)施的力度和重點(diǎn)。適時(shí)，就是把握好調(diào)控措施出臺(tái)的時(shí)機(jī)，見微知著，防患于未然；適度，就是松緊得當(dāng)，不急剎車，不一刀切。

要堅(jiān)持?jǐn)U大內(nèi)需的方針，繼續(xù)實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策。發(fā)行建設(shè)國(guó)債是在需求不足的情況下采取的階段性政策，隨著社會(huì)投資增長(zhǎng)加快，應(yīng)逐步調(diào)減發(fā)債規(guī)模。今年擬發(fā)行建設(shè)國(guó)債１１００億元，比上年減少３００億元。為了建立正常的政府投資機(jī)制和穩(wěn)定的資金來(lái)源，在逐年減少國(guó)債發(fā)行規(guī)模的同時(shí)，要逐年適當(dāng)增加中央預(yù)算內(nèi)經(jīng)常性建設(shè)投資，今年擬先增加５０億元。總的考慮是，經(jīng)過(guò)幾年努力，在現(xiàn)有財(cái)政赤字規(guī)模不擴(kuò)大的情況下，中央預(yù)算內(nèi)經(jīng)常性建設(shè)投資逐步增加到一定規(guī)模，同時(shí)逐步減少發(fā)行建設(shè)國(guó)債。要調(diào)整建設(shè)國(guó)債使用方向，集中用于促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和社會(huì)全面發(fā)展。今年國(guó)債投資要向農(nóng)村、社會(huì)事業(yè)、西部開發(fā)、東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地、生態(tài)建設(shè)和環(huán)境保護(hù)傾斜，保證續(xù)建國(guó)債項(xiàng)目建設(shè)。要切實(shí)管好用好國(guó)債資金，確保國(guó)債項(xiàng)目工程質(zhì)量和資金使用效益。繼續(xù)做好財(cái)政稅收工作，大力增收節(jié)支，嚴(yán)格依法征稅，保證重點(diǎn)支出。充分發(fā)揮貨幣政策的作用，適當(dāng)控制貨幣信貸規(guī)模，優(yōu)化信貸結(jié)構(gòu)，既要支持經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，又要防止通貨膨脹和防范金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。促進(jìn)國(guó)際收支基本平衡，保持人民幣匯率在合理、均衡水平上基本穩(wěn)定。

適當(dāng)控制固定資產(chǎn)投資規(guī)模，堅(jiān)決遏制部分行業(yè)和地區(qū)盲目投資、低水平重復(fù)建設(shè)，是今年宏觀調(diào)控的一項(xiàng)重要任務(wù)。要堅(jiān)持以市場(chǎng)為導(dǎo)向，主要運(yùn)用經(jīng)濟(jì)、法律手段，輔之以必要的行政手段，加強(qiáng)引導(dǎo)和調(diào)控。一要完善產(chǎn)業(yè)政策和行業(yè)規(guī)劃，健全行業(yè)信息發(fā)布制度，正確引導(dǎo)社會(huì)投資方向。二要抓緊制定和完善行業(yè)準(zhǔn)入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，嚴(yán)格市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入。凡在環(huán)保、安全、能耗、技術(shù)、質(zhì)量等方面不符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的項(xiàng)目，尚未建設(shè)的不準(zhǔn)開工，在建的要進(jìn)行清理，已建的要限期改造。三要依法加強(qiáng)用地管理。對(duì)不符合國(guó)家產(chǎn)業(yè)政策和行業(yè)準(zhǔn)入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的建設(shè)項(xiàng)目，一律不得批準(zhǔn)用地。繼續(xù)清理開發(fā)區(qū)，整頓規(guī)范土地市場(chǎng)。四要強(qiáng)化信貸審核和監(jiān)管。對(duì)不符合市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入條件的新建項(xiàng)目和改擴(kuò)建項(xiàng)目，金融機(jī)構(gòu)不予貸款。五要嚴(yán)肅稅制，堅(jiān)決禁止和糾正擅自出臺(tái)稅收優(yōu)惠政策的行為。通過(guò)這些措施，努力使投資結(jié)構(gòu)得到調(diào)整和優(yōu)化，投資總規(guī)模保持合理水平，投資效益得到提高。要按照走新型工業(yè)化道路的要求，推進(jìn)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)信息化，促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)。積極發(fā)展對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)帶動(dòng)作用大和擁有自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)。加快振興裝備制造業(yè)。大力發(fā)展現(xiàn)代流通、旅游、中介服務(wù)等第三產(chǎn)業(yè)，逐步提高其在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中的比重。

保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，必須緩解當(dāng)前能源、重要原材料和運(yùn)輸?shù)墓┣竺堋Ｒ环矫妫黾用禾俊㈦娏Α⒂推飞a(chǎn)；加強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行調(diào)節(jié)，促進(jìn)煤、電、油、運(yùn)和重要原材料的供需銜接，保證居民生活、重要行業(yè)和重點(diǎn)企業(yè)的需要；加快大型煤炭基地、重要電源電網(wǎng)建設(shè)，加快石油等重要資源勘探開發(fā)，加快重大交通運(yùn)輸干線與樞紐工程建設(shè)。另一方面，要堅(jiān)持增產(chǎn)與節(jié)約并舉，把節(jié)約放在優(yōu)先位置。這不僅是當(dāng)前解決供需矛盾的迫切需要，也是緩解我國(guó)資源環(huán)境壓力的長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)之計(jì)。必須切實(shí)轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)方式，各行各業(yè)都要杜絕浪費(fèi)，降低消耗，提高資源利用效率，形成有利于節(jié)約資源的生產(chǎn)模式和消費(fèi)方式，建設(shè)資源節(jié)約型社會(huì)。

合理調(diào)整投資與消費(fèi)的關(guān)系，是今年宏觀調(diào)控的重要方面。我國(guó)消費(fèi)在國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值中的比重偏低，不利于國(guó)內(nèi)需求的穩(wěn)定擴(kuò)大，不利于國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)較快增長(zhǎng)和良性循環(huán)。要努力增加城鄉(xiāng)居民收入，提高居民購(gòu)買力水平；加大收入分配調(diào)節(jié)力度，提高中低收入居民的消費(fèi)能力；發(fā)展消費(fèi)信貸，完善消費(fèi)政策，改善消費(fèi)環(huán)境；適應(yīng)消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)的變化，擴(kuò)大服務(wù)消費(fèi)領(lǐng)域，改善生產(chǎn)供給結(jié)構(gòu)；各項(xiàng)改革措施要有利于增強(qiáng)消費(fèi)者信心，形成良好的消費(fèi)預(yù)期，增加即期消費(fèi)。要通過(guò)不斷努力，逐步改變投資率偏高、消費(fèi)率偏低的狀況。

（二）鞏固和加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)地位，實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)民增收和農(nóng)業(yè)增產(chǎn)

解決農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)村和農(nóng)民問(wèn)題，是我們?nèi)抗ぷ鞯闹刂兄亍．?dāng)前，我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展又處在一個(gè)關(guān)鍵時(shí)期。今年要按照統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展的要求，采取更直接、更有力的政策措施，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)，支持農(nóng)業(yè)，保護(hù)農(nóng)業(yè)，努力增加農(nóng)民收入。

第一，保護(hù)和提高糧食綜合生產(chǎn)能力。實(shí)行最嚴(yán)格的耕地保護(hù)制度，依法加強(qiáng)耕地管理，堅(jiān)決制止亂占濫用耕地，糾正隨意改變基本農(nóng)田用途的現(xiàn)象。加快改革土地征收、征用制度，完善土地征收、征用程序和補(bǔ)償機(jī)制，確保占補(bǔ)平衡。擴(kuò)大糧食播種面積，努力提高單產(chǎn)。重點(diǎn)支持主產(chǎn)區(qū)發(fā)展糧食生產(chǎn)，啟動(dòng)優(yōu)質(zhì)糧食產(chǎn)業(yè)工程，建設(shè)穩(wěn)產(chǎn)高產(chǎn)基本農(nóng)田。

第二，推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整。大力發(fā)展優(yōu)質(zhì)、高產(chǎn)、高效、生態(tài)、安全農(nóng)業(yè)，提高農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。推進(jìn)優(yōu)勢(shì)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)業(yè)帶建設(shè)，促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化經(jīng)營(yíng)。積極發(fā)展畜牧業(yè)，切實(shí)做好高致病性禽流感等動(dòng)物疫病的防治工作。發(fā)展農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)等農(nóng)村非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)，壯大縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)。穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化，改善農(nóng)民進(jìn)城就業(yè)環(huán)境，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)民工培訓(xùn)，多渠道擴(kuò)大農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)。

第三，繼續(xù)推進(jìn)農(nóng)村稅費(fèi)改革。除煙葉外，取消農(nóng)業(yè)特產(chǎn)稅，每年可使農(nóng)民減輕負(fù)擔(dān)４８億元。從今年起，逐步降低農(nóng)業(yè)稅稅率，平均每年降低１個(gè)百分點(diǎn)以上，五年內(nèi)取消農(nóng)業(yè)稅。今年農(nóng)業(yè)稅率降低可使農(nóng)民減輕負(fù)擔(dān)７０億元。為支持農(nóng)村稅費(fèi)改革，今年中央財(cái)政拿出３９６億元用于轉(zhuǎn)移支付。加快推進(jìn)縣鄉(xiāng)機(jī)構(gòu)等配套改革。

第四，深化糧食流通體制改革。全面放開糧食購(gòu)銷市場(chǎng)，加快國(guó)有糧食企業(yè)改革，加強(qiáng)糧食市場(chǎng)管理和調(diào)控，對(duì)種糧農(nóng)民實(shí)行直接補(bǔ)貼。今年國(guó)家從糧食風(fēng)險(xiǎn)基金中拿出１００億元，直接補(bǔ)貼種糧農(nóng)民，以調(diào)動(dòng)農(nóng)民種糧的積極性。加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)資料價(jià)格監(jiān)管，保護(hù)農(nóng)民利益。

第五，加大對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)村投入力度。各級(jí)政府都要增加對(duì)“三農(nóng)”的投入。今年中央財(cái)政投入增加３００億元以上，比上年增長(zhǎng)２０％以上。國(guó)債投資重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村“六小工程”和農(nóng)田水利建設(shè)，改善農(nóng)民生產(chǎn)生活條件。繼續(xù)搞好農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)，多渠道增加扶貧資金投入，擴(kuò)大以工代賑規(guī)模。改進(jìn)農(nóng)村金融服務(wù)，農(nóng)村信用社要增加農(nóng)戶小額信用貸款和農(nóng)戶聯(lián)保貸款，支持農(nóng)民發(fā)展生產(chǎn)。

第六，加快農(nóng)業(yè)科技進(jìn)步。加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)科研攻關(guān)，增強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新、儲(chǔ)備和轉(zhuǎn)化能力。加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村科技推廣體系建設(shè)，大力推廣增產(chǎn)增效的先進(jìn)適用技術(shù)，擴(kuò)大農(nóng)作物良種補(bǔ)貼范圍和規(guī)模。

（三）統(tǒng)籌區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，推進(jìn)西部大開發(fā)和東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地振興

促進(jìn)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，是我國(guó)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)中的一個(gè)重大戰(zhàn)略問(wèn)題。要堅(jiān)持推進(jìn)西部大開發(fā)，振興東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地，促進(jìn)中部地區(qū)崛起，鼓勵(lì)東部地區(qū)加快發(fā)展，形成東中西互動(dòng)、優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)、相互促進(jìn)、共同發(fā)展的新格局。

繼續(xù)實(shí)施西部大開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略，認(rèn)真總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，完善政策，落實(shí)各項(xiàng)措施，積極有序地推進(jìn)。扎實(shí)搞好退耕還林、退牧還草、天然林保護(hù)、風(fēng)沙源和石漠化治理等重點(diǎn)生態(tài)工程；加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，重點(diǎn)抓好關(guān)系全局的重大項(xiàng)目，不斷增強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展后勁，繼續(xù)抓好改善農(nóng)牧民生產(chǎn)生活條件的小型工程建設(shè)；以義務(wù)教育、公共衛(wèi)生和基層文化建設(shè)為重點(diǎn)，促進(jìn)社會(huì)事業(yè)發(fā)展；積極發(fā)展特色經(jīng)濟(jì)和優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)，推進(jìn)重點(diǎn)區(qū)域和地帶開發(fā)。

認(rèn)真實(shí)施東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地振興戰(zhàn)略，今年要有一個(gè)良好的開端。落實(shí)中央的各項(xiàng)政策措施，突出體制機(jī)制創(chuàng)新，擴(kuò)大對(duì)內(nèi)對(duì)外開放。加快經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和技術(shù)進(jìn)步，著力抓好重點(diǎn)行業(yè)、重點(diǎn)企業(yè)的調(diào)整改造，做好資源型城市經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型和采煤沉陷區(qū)治理工作。要堅(jiān)持自力更生，艱苦創(chuàng)業(yè)，充分發(fā)揮廣大干部群眾的進(jìn)取精神和創(chuàng)造精神。

加快中部地區(qū)發(fā)展是區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的重要方面。國(guó)家支持中部地區(qū)發(fā)揮區(qū)位優(yōu)勢(shì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)勢(shì)，加快改革開放和發(fā)展步伐，加強(qiáng)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)和重要商品糧基地建設(shè)，加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，發(fā)展有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的制造業(yè)和高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)，提高工業(yè)化和城鎮(zhèn)化水平。

東部地區(qū)加快發(fā)展，有利于增強(qiáng)國(guó)家財(cái)力、物力和科技實(shí)力，更好地支持中西部地區(qū)發(fā)展。要繼續(xù)發(fā)揮優(yōu)勢(shì)，加快產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)，進(jìn)一步發(fā)展外向型經(jīng)濟(jì)，有條件的地方要率先基本實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化。東、中、西部地區(qū)要加強(qiáng)多種形式的合作，在協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展中逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)共同富裕。國(guó)家繼續(xù)采取措施，支持革命老區(qū)加快發(fā)展。

（四）繼續(xù)實(shí)施科教興國(guó)戰(zhàn)略，堅(jiān)持走可持續(xù)發(fā)展之路

切實(shí)把教育放在優(yōu)先發(fā)展的地位，用更大的精力、更多的財(cái)力加快教育事業(yè)發(fā)展。實(shí)施新一輪《教育振興行動(dòng)計(jì)劃》，重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)義務(wù)教育特別是農(nóng)村教育。今年要啟動(dòng)西部地區(qū)“兩基”攻堅(jiān)計(jì)劃，到２００７年使西部地區(qū)基本普及九年義務(wù)教育，基本掃除青壯年文盲，中央財(cái)政將為此投入１００億元。要完善農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育“以縣為主”的管理體制，中央財(cái)政和省、市（地）財(cái)政要增加對(duì)貧困縣義務(wù)教育的轉(zhuǎn)移支付。繼續(xù)實(shí)施第二期農(nóng)村中小學(xué)危房改造，中央財(cái)政將投入６０億元。中央財(cái)政和地方財(cái)政還將加大投入，發(fā)展農(nóng)村中小學(xué)現(xiàn)代遠(yuǎn)程教育。優(yōu)化教育結(jié)構(gòu)，積極穩(wěn)步發(fā)展高等教育，大力發(fā)展職業(yè)教育和繼續(xù)教育。各級(jí)各類學(xué)校都要全面貫徹黨的教育方針，加強(qiáng)素質(zhì)教育，深化教育改革，提高教育質(zhì)量。規(guī)范和發(fā)展民辦教育。堅(jiān)決治理教育亂收費(fèi)，切實(shí)減輕學(xué)生家庭負(fù)擔(dān)。

今年，要繼續(xù)集中力量完成國(guó)家中長(zhǎng)期科學(xué)和技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃的編制，確定未來(lái)１５年我國(guó)科技發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略、目標(biāo)、任務(wù)和政策。要推進(jìn)科技體制改革和機(jī)制創(chuàng)新。加快國(guó)家創(chuàng)新體系和科技基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，切實(shí)加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)研究。組織實(shí)施一批關(guān)系經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展全局的重大科技項(xiàng)目，促進(jìn)科學(xué)技術(shù)與產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)合，推動(dòng)高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)化。堅(jiān)持社會(huì)科學(xué)和自然科學(xué)并重，充分發(fā)揮哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)在經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展中的重要作用。

認(rèn)真實(shí)施人才強(qiáng)國(guó)戰(zhàn)略。大力培養(yǎng)、積極引進(jìn)、合理使用各類人才，為現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)提供堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人才保證和智力支持。

積極實(shí)施可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，按照統(tǒng)籌人與自然和諧發(fā)展的要求，做好人口、資源、環(huán)境工作。穩(wěn)定低生育水平，提高出生人口素質(zhì)。完善基層計(jì)劃生育基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和服務(wù)體系，切實(shí)加強(qiáng)流動(dòng)人口計(jì)劃生育管理。做好老齡人口工作。認(rèn)真實(shí)施全國(guó)生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)和建設(shè)規(guī)劃，實(shí)施以生態(tài)建設(shè)為主的林業(yè)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。加大執(zhí)法力度，強(qiáng)化生態(tài)環(huán)境監(jiān)管，嚴(yán)格控制主要污染物排放，抓緊解決嚴(yán)重威脅人民群眾健康安全的環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題。大力發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)，推行清潔生產(chǎn)。依法保護(hù)與合理利用國(guó)土資源。重視海洋資源開發(fā)與保護(hù)。加強(qiáng)水資源保護(hù)和節(jié)約利用。做好防災(zāi)減災(zāi)工作。

（五）加快衛(wèi)生文化體育事業(yè)發(fā)展，加強(qiáng)精神文明建設(shè)

發(fā)展衛(wèi)生事業(yè)，今年重點(diǎn)抓好三件事。一是加強(qiáng)公共衛(wèi)生體系建設(shè)。力爭(zhēng)用三年時(shí)間，基本建成覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)、功能完善的疾病預(yù)防控制和醫(yī)療救治體系，提高應(yīng)對(duì)重大傳染病等突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件的能力。要高度重視并采取堅(jiān)決有力措施，做好非典型肺炎、艾滋病、血吸蟲病等重大傳染病的防治工作。二是改善農(nóng)村醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生條件，做好新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度試點(diǎn)工作。要切實(shí)把醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生工作的重點(diǎn)放在農(nóng)村，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和農(nóng)村衛(wèi)生隊(duì)伍建設(shè)，逐步改善農(nóng)村缺醫(yī)少藥的狀況。要從各地實(shí)際出發(fā)，積極穩(wěn)妥地推進(jìn)新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度試點(diǎn)，逐步建立由政府組織和引導(dǎo)，農(nóng)民自愿參加，個(gè)人、集體和政府多方籌資，以大病統(tǒng)籌為主的農(nóng)民醫(yī)療互助共濟(jì)制度，確保農(nóng)民群眾受益。三是積極推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生體制改革試點(diǎn)。繼續(xù)改革城鎮(zhèn)職工基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)制度、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生和藥品生產(chǎn)流通體制。實(shí)行醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)分類管理，合理配置和有效使用衛(wèi)生資源，發(fā)展社區(qū)衛(wèi)生事業(yè)，改進(jìn)醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。同時(shí)，在城鄉(xiāng)廣泛開展愛國(guó)衛(wèi)生運(yùn)動(dòng)。

隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)進(jìn)步，人民群眾的精神文化需求不斷增長(zhǎng)，必須把文化建設(shè)擺到更加重要的位置。要大力發(fā)展社會(huì)主義先進(jìn)文化。弘揚(yáng)以愛國(guó)主義精神為核心的民族精神，特別要加強(qiáng)對(duì)青少年的思想道德教育。積極開展群眾性精神文明創(chuàng)建活動(dòng)。加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村、社區(qū)和企業(yè)等基層文化建設(shè)。普及科學(xué)知識(shí)，弘揚(yáng)科學(xué)精神。倡導(dǎo)科學(xué)、健康、文明的生活方式。進(jìn)一步發(fā)展文學(xué)藝術(shù)、新聞出版和廣播影視業(yè)，實(shí)施精品戰(zhàn)略，提供更多健康向上、人民群眾喜聞樂(lè)見的精神文化產(chǎn)品。抓緊制定文化體制改革總體方案和文化發(fā)展綱要。積極推動(dòng)文化體制改革和機(jī)制創(chuàng)新，加大對(duì)公益性文化事業(yè)扶持力度，完善文化產(chǎn)業(yè)政策，發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)機(jī)制作用，促進(jìn)文化事業(yè)和文化產(chǎn)業(yè)共同發(fā)展。搞好文物、檔案工作和自然、文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)工作。繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)文化市場(chǎng)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的建設(shè)與管理，堅(jiān)持不懈地進(jìn)行“掃黃”“打非”斗爭(zhēng)。積極擴(kuò)大對(duì)外文化交流。廣泛開展全民健身運(yùn)動(dòng)，努力提高競(jìng)技體育水平。繼續(xù)做好２００８年北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)和２０１０年上海世界博覽會(huì)的準(zhǔn)備工作。

（六）抓住有利時(shí)機(jī)，深化經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革

今年，要按照黨的十六屆三中全會(huì)決定的部署，有重點(diǎn)有步驟地推進(jìn)改革，力求在一些重要方面取得新進(jìn)展。

深化國(guó)有資產(chǎn)管理體制和國(guó)有企業(yè)改革。抓緊完善國(guó)有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)督管理相關(guān)法規(guī)和實(shí)施辦法，研究建立國(guó)有資本經(jīng)營(yíng)預(yù)算制度和企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)業(yè)績(jī)考核體系，進(jìn)一步落實(shí)國(guó)有資產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)責(zé)任。積極推進(jìn)國(guó)有企業(yè)規(guī)范的股份制改造，完善產(chǎn)權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)和法人治理結(jié)構(gòu)，推動(dòng)企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)機(jī)制轉(zhuǎn)換。大力發(fā)展混合所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)，逐步使股份制成為公有制的主要實(shí)現(xiàn)形式。繼續(xù)做好電信、電力、民航等行業(yè)的改革重組工作，穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)郵政、鐵路行業(yè)改革。推進(jìn)市政公用事業(yè)的市場(chǎng)化進(jìn)程。通過(guò)改革和發(fā)展，形成一批核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力強(qiáng)、擁有自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)和知名品牌的大公司大企業(yè)集團(tuán)。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)集體企業(yè)改革，發(fā)展多種形式的集體經(jīng)濟(jì)。

大力發(fā)展和積極引導(dǎo)非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)。各級(jí)政府要抓緊清理和修訂限制非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的法規(guī)和政策，落實(shí)放寬市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入的措施。進(jìn)一步研究制定鼓勵(lì)非公有制企業(yè)參與國(guó)有企業(yè)改組改造，進(jìn)入基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、公用事業(yè)及其他行業(yè)和領(lǐng)域的具體辦法。在投融資、稅收、土地使用和對(duì)外貿(mào)易等方面，采取措施保障非公有制企業(yè)與其他企業(yè)享受同等待遇。保護(hù)非公有制企業(yè)的合法權(quán)益，改進(jìn)服務(wù)和監(jiān)管，支持和鼓勵(lì)有條件的企業(yè)做強(qiáng)做大。加快推進(jìn)現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)權(quán)制度建設(shè)。

推進(jìn)金融體制改革。要加快國(guó)有獨(dú)資商業(yè)銀行改革，重點(diǎn)做好中國(guó)銀行和中國(guó)建設(shè)銀行股份制改造試點(diǎn)工作。其他商業(yè)銀行和政策性銀行也要深化改革。繼續(xù)搞好農(nóng)村信用社改革試點(diǎn)，總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，逐步擴(kuò)大范圍。推進(jìn)資本市場(chǎng)改革開放和穩(wěn)定發(fā)展，擴(kuò)大企業(yè)債券發(fā)行規(guī)模，逐步提高企業(yè)直接融資比重。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)保險(xiǎn)業(yè)改革，大力發(fā)展保險(xiǎn)市場(chǎng)。完善銀行、證券、保險(xiǎn)監(jiān)管體制，加強(qiáng)相互配合，強(qiáng)化金融監(jiān)管，維護(hù)金融穩(wěn)健運(yùn)行。

推進(jìn)財(cái)稅體制改革。重點(diǎn)是逐步推行增值稅由生產(chǎn)型改為消費(fèi)型，將設(shè)備投資納入增值稅抵扣范圍，促進(jìn)企業(yè)技術(shù)進(jìn)步，提高自主發(fā)展能力。今年在東北地區(qū)部分行業(yè)先行試點(diǎn)。抓緊制定配套措施，認(rèn)真落實(shí)出口退稅機(jī)制改革方案。

推進(jìn)投資體制改革。主要目標(biāo)是：改革政府對(duì)企業(yè)投資的管理制度，按照“誰(shuí)投資、誰(shuí)決策、誰(shuí)收益、誰(shuí)承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”的原則，擴(kuò)大和落實(shí)企業(yè)投資自主權(quán)；合理界定政府投資職能，加強(qiáng)政府投資管理，建立政府投資責(zé)任追究制度；健全投資宏觀調(diào)控體系，改進(jìn)調(diào)控方式，完善調(diào)控手段。經(jīng)過(guò)努力，最終建立起市場(chǎng)引導(dǎo)投資、企業(yè)自主決策、銀行獨(dú)立審貸、融資方式多樣、中介服務(wù)規(guī)范、宏觀調(diào)控有效的新型投資體制。

加快社會(huì)信用體系建設(shè)。抓緊建立企業(yè)和個(gè)人信用信息征集體系、信用市場(chǎng)監(jiān)督管理體系和失信懲戒制度。加大整頓和規(guī)范市場(chǎng)秩序的力度，重點(diǎn)是繼續(xù)抓好直接關(guān)系人民群眾身體健康和生命安全的食品、藥品等方面的專項(xiàng)整治。嚴(yán)厲打擊制售假冒偽劣產(chǎn)品、非法傳銷和商業(yè)欺詐行為。加大知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)力度，依法懲處盜版侵權(quán)行為。嚴(yán)厲打擊偷逃騙稅、洗錢和走私等違法犯罪活動(dòng)。

（七）適應(yīng)新的形勢(shì)，提高對(duì)外開放水平

我們必須統(tǒng)籌國(guó)內(nèi)發(fā)展與對(duì)外開放，充分利用國(guó)內(nèi)國(guó)外兩個(gè)市場(chǎng)、兩種資源，拓展發(fā)展空間，積極主動(dòng)地做好對(duì)外開放各項(xiàng)工作，增強(qiáng)參與國(guó)際合作和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的能力。

努力保持對(duì)外貿(mào)易適度增長(zhǎng)。要繼續(xù)實(shí)施市場(chǎng)多元化戰(zhàn)略，堅(jiān)持科技興貿(mào)，以質(zhì)取勝，優(yōu)化出口商品結(jié)構(gòu)，促進(jìn)加工貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)。加強(qiáng)對(duì)外貿(mào)易協(xié)調(diào)，努力打破貿(mào)易壁壘，減少貿(mào)易摩擦，為企業(yè)爭(zhēng)取公平貿(mào)易的環(huán)境。深化涉外經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革，落實(shí)各類所有制企業(yè)的進(jìn)出口經(jīng)營(yíng)自主權(quán)。增加國(guó)內(nèi)短缺原材料、關(guān)鍵技術(shù)和重大設(shè)備的進(jìn)口，推進(jìn)重要物資進(jìn)口來(lái)源多元化。要積極合理利用外資，著力提高利用外資質(zhì)量。繼續(xù)實(shí)行鼓勵(lì)外商投資的政策措施，進(jìn)一步改善投資環(huán)境。加快實(shí)施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略，加強(qiáng)對(duì)境外投資的協(xié)調(diào)和指導(dǎo)，鼓勵(lì)各類所有制企業(yè)采取多種形式到境外投資興業(yè)，拓展國(guó)際市場(chǎng)。積極開展多邊、雙邊和區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合作。繼續(xù)認(rèn)真履行加入世貿(mào)組織的各項(xiàng)承諾。

（八）加大就業(yè)和社會(huì)保障工作力度，進(jìn)一步改善人民生活

千方百計(jì)增加就業(yè)是政府的重要職責(zé)。今年的預(yù)期目標(biāo)是，新增城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)９００萬(wàn)人，下崗失業(yè)人員再就業(yè)５００萬(wàn)人。繼續(xù)實(shí)施積極的就業(yè)政策，特別要把財(cái)政、信貸支持和稅費(fèi)減免等政策真正落到實(shí)處。今年中央財(cái)政預(yù)算安排再就業(yè)補(bǔ)助資金８３億元，比去年增加３６億元。要拓展就業(yè)渠道，注重發(fā)展勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)、中小企業(yè)和非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)，推行靈活多樣的就業(yè)方式，鼓勵(lì)自主創(chuàng)業(yè)和自謀職業(yè)。要健全再就業(yè)援助制度，政府出資開發(fā)的公益性崗位要優(yōu)先安置就業(yè)困難人員。支持國(guó)有大中型企業(yè)通過(guò)主輔分離、輔業(yè)改制，分流安置富余人員。要重點(diǎn)做好老工業(yè)基地、資源枯竭城市和獨(dú)立工礦區(qū)以及軍工、煤炭、森工等行業(yè)下崗失業(yè)人員的再就業(yè)工作。完善就業(yè)服務(wù)體系，加強(qiáng)就業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)、職業(yè)介紹和就業(yè)指導(dǎo)。今年仍是高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)高峰年，退役軍人安置任務(wù)也很重，要認(rèn)真做好就業(yè)指導(dǎo)和服務(wù)工作。

建立與我國(guó)國(guó)情相適應(yīng)、與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平相適應(yīng)的社會(huì)保障體系，是一項(xiàng)重要而艱巨的任務(wù)。要繼續(xù)做好“兩個(gè)確保”工作，搞好“三條保障線”的銜接。穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)國(guó)有企業(yè)下崗職工基本生活保障向失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)并軌。堅(jiān)持社會(huì)統(tǒng)籌與個(gè)人賬戶相結(jié)合，完善職工基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度。依法擴(kuò)大社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)覆蓋面，加強(qiáng)對(duì)各類參保企業(yè)社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)的征繳。各級(jí)政府要加強(qiáng)執(zhí)法檢查力度。進(jìn)一步做好城市“低保”工作，規(guī)范“低保”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和范圍。繼續(xù)多渠道籌集并管好社會(huì)保障基金。在總結(jié)遼寧省完善城鎮(zhèn)社會(huì)保障體系試點(diǎn)工作的基礎(chǔ)上，將試點(diǎn)范圍擴(kuò)大到黑龍江和吉林兩省。今年，中央財(cái)政安排用于“兩個(gè)確保”和城市“低保”的補(bǔ)助資金７７９億元，比去年增長(zhǎng)１１．３％。地方財(cái)政也要增加這方面的投入。

對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)特殊困難群眾，要給予更多的關(guān)愛。繼續(xù)完善社會(huì)救助制度。切實(shí)幫助特殊困難家庭解決就醫(yī)看病、子女上學(xué)、住房、冬季取暖等實(shí)際困難。完善農(nóng)村“五保戶”生活保障制度，確保供養(yǎng)資金。切實(shí)做好農(nóng)村受災(zāi)地區(qū)稅收減免和受災(zāi)群眾生產(chǎn)生活救濟(jì)等工作。關(guān)心和支持殘疾人事業(yè)。

抓緊解決城鎮(zhèn)房屋拆遷和農(nóng)村土地征用中存在的問(wèn)題。在城鎮(zhèn)房屋拆遷中，要嚴(yán)格依據(jù)城市總體規(guī)劃和近期建設(shè)規(guī)劃，合理確定拆遷規(guī)模，規(guī)范審批程序，完善補(bǔ)償安置政策，強(qiáng)化監(jiān)督檢查。在農(nóng)村土地征用中，要嚴(yán)格控制征地規(guī)模，依法按規(guī)劃和程序征地，及時(shí)給予農(nóng)民合理補(bǔ)償，切實(shí)保護(hù)農(nóng)民合法權(quán)益。

切實(shí)保障農(nóng)民工工資按時(shí)足額支付。當(dāng)前要抓緊解決克扣和拖欠農(nóng)民工工資問(wèn)題。國(guó)務(wù)院決定，用三年時(shí)間基本解決建設(shè)領(lǐng)域拖欠工程款和農(nóng)民工工資問(wèn)題。清欠要從政府投資的工程做起，同時(shí)督促各類企業(yè)加快清欠。對(duì)拖欠農(nóng)民工工資拒不支付的企業(yè)和經(jīng)營(yíng)者，要堅(jiān)決依法查處。要建立健全及時(shí)支付農(nóng)民工工資的機(jī)制，從源頭上防止新的拖欠。各類企業(yè)都要按時(shí)發(fā)放工資，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行最低工資制度。要保證機(jī)關(guān)事業(yè)單位工資和離退休費(fèi)的按時(shí)足額發(fā)放，任何地方都不得出現(xiàn)新的拖欠。要嚴(yán)格工資專戶管理，財(cái)政資金要優(yōu)先保證發(fā)放工資。

（九）加強(qiáng)民主法制建設(shè)，維護(hù)國(guó)家安全和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定

積極穩(wěn)妥地推進(jìn)政治體制改革，發(fā)展社會(huì)主義民主，健全社會(huì)主義法制。進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大基層民主，完善村民自治和城市居民自治，尊重基層和群眾的民主權(quán)利。堅(jiān)持和完善職工代表大會(huì)和其他形式的企事業(yè)單位民主管理制度，保障職工的合法權(quán)益。

繼續(xù)做好民族、宗教、僑務(wù)工作。全面貫徹黨的民族政策，鞏固和發(fā)展平等、團(tuán)結(jié)、互助的社會(huì)主義民族關(guān)系。加大對(duì)民族地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的支持力度，加強(qiáng)少數(shù)民族各類人才培養(yǎng)，促進(jìn)各民族共同繁榮發(fā)展。全面貫徹黨的宗教信仰自由政策，依法管理宗教事務(wù)，堅(jiān)持獨(dú)立自主自辦的原則，積極引導(dǎo)宗教與社會(huì)主義社會(huì)相適應(yīng)。進(jìn)一步做好海外僑胞和歸僑、僑眷的工作，充分發(fā)揮他們?cè)诖龠M(jìn)祖國(guó)統(tǒng)一和民族振興中的獨(dú)特作用。

加強(qiáng)政府立法工作。要重視社會(huì)管理和公共服務(wù)方面的立法。重點(diǎn)做好應(yīng)對(duì)各種突發(fā)事件、保障農(nóng)民權(quán)益、勞動(dòng)就業(yè)和社會(huì)保障，以及社會(huì)事業(yè)發(fā)展方面的立法。要努力提高政府立法工作質(zhì)量。研究擬定涉及人民群眾切身利益的重要法律草案和制定行政法規(guī)，要廣泛征求社會(huì)各方面的意見。加強(qiáng)律師、公證等法律服務(wù)，做好法律援助工作。依法保障婦女、未成年人和殘疾人的合法權(quán)益。加強(qiáng)普法宣傳教育，在全社會(huì)營(yíng)造學(xué)法、懂法、守法的良好環(huán)境。

保障人民群眾安居樂(lè)業(yè)，是政府應(yīng)盡的責(zé)任。要進(jìn)一步落實(shí)社會(huì)治安綜合治理各項(xiàng)措施，推進(jìn)社會(huì)治安防控體系建設(shè)。嚴(yán)厲打擊黑惡勢(shì)力犯罪、嚴(yán)重暴力犯罪、多發(fā)性侵財(cái)犯罪、毒品犯罪等。加大對(duì)突出治安問(wèn)題和治安混亂地區(qū)的整治力度。完善政法經(jīng)費(fèi)保障機(jī)制，為政法機(jī)關(guān)正常開展工作提供必要條件。重視和加強(qiáng)反恐怖斗爭(zhēng)。深入開展同邪教組織的斗爭(zhēng)。正確處理新形勢(shì)下人民內(nèi)部矛盾，健全預(yù)防、化解各種矛盾和糾紛的機(jī)制，重視做好人民群眾來(lái)信來(lái)訪工作，維護(hù)正常社會(huì)秩序和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定。

要以對(duì)國(guó)家和人民高度負(fù)責(zé)的精神，切實(shí)加強(qiáng)安全工作。強(qiáng)化安全生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管，加強(qiáng)安全專項(xiàng)整治，落實(shí)安全防范措施，健全安全責(zé)任制。堅(jiān)決查處各類安全事故，依法追究有關(guān)人員責(zé)任，維護(hù)法制和紀(jì)律的嚴(yán)肅性。

加強(qiáng)國(guó)防和軍隊(duì)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)，是維護(hù)國(guó)家安全和全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的重要保障。要按照“政治合格、軍事過(guò)硬、作風(fēng)優(yōu)良、紀(jì)律嚴(yán)明、保障有力”的總要求，全面加強(qiáng)部隊(duì)建設(shè)。積極推進(jìn)中國(guó)特色軍事變革，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)防和軍隊(duì)現(xiàn)代化的跨越式發(fā)展。實(shí)施科技強(qiáng)軍戰(zhàn)略，重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)高新技術(shù)武器裝備研制，培養(yǎng)高素質(zhì)新型軍事人才，推進(jìn)以信息化為主導(dǎo)、機(jī)械化為基礎(chǔ)的軍隊(duì)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)，提高高技術(shù)條件下的整體防衛(wèi)作戰(zhàn)能力。堅(jiān)持依法治軍方針，加強(qiáng)正規(guī)化建設(shè)。堅(jiān)持國(guó)防建設(shè)與經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，提高國(guó)防建設(shè)整體效益。堅(jiān)持軍民結(jié)合、寓軍于民的方針，積極推進(jìn)國(guó)防科技工業(yè)改革、調(diào)整和發(fā)展，提高自主創(chuàng)新能力。精心做好軍隊(duì)體制編制調(diào)整改革工作，確保完成２００５年前裁減軍隊(duì)員額２０萬(wàn)等各項(xiàng)任務(wù)。加強(qiáng)后勤建設(shè)和改革，提高后勤保障能力。進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)人民武裝警察部隊(duì)執(zhí)勤和處置突發(fā)事件的能力。要大力加強(qiáng)國(guó)防教育，增強(qiáng)全民國(guó)防意識(shí)。積極支持國(guó)防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)，搞好預(yù)備役部隊(duì)和民兵建設(shè)，建立和完善快速高效的國(guó)防動(dòng)員體制。深入開展雙擁共建活動(dòng)，加強(qiáng)軍政軍民團(tuán)結(jié)。

三、加強(qiáng)政府自身建設(shè)

在全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的進(jìn)程中，政府擔(dān)負(fù)著繁重而艱巨的任務(wù)。各級(jí)政府和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部必須適應(yīng)新形勢(shì)新任務(wù)，不斷提高行政能力和管理水平。一年來(lái)，我們按照?qǐng)?zhí)政為民的要求和建設(shè)法治政府的目標(biāo)，突出強(qiáng)調(diào)實(shí)行科學(xué)民主決策、堅(jiān)持依法行政和加強(qiáng)行政監(jiān)督三項(xiàng)基本準(zhǔn)則，并認(rèn)真貫徹執(zhí)行。新的一年，我們要著力抓好以下幾個(gè)方面：

第一，推進(jìn)政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變。各級(jí)政府要全面履行職能，在繼續(xù)搞好經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)節(jié)、加強(qiáng)市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管的同時(shí)，更加注重履行社會(huì)管理和公共服務(wù)職能。特別要加快建立健全各種突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急機(jī)制，提高政府應(yīng)對(duì)公共危機(jī)的能力。要加快政企分開，進(jìn)一步把不該由政府管的事交給企業(yè)、社會(huì)組織和中介機(jī)構(gòu)，更大程度地發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)在資源配置中的基礎(chǔ)性作用。同時(shí)，加強(qiáng)對(duì)中介機(jī)構(gòu)的規(guī)范和監(jiān)管。政府該管的事一定要管好，并適應(yīng)新形勢(shì)改進(jìn)管理方式和方法，提高行政效能和工作效率。

第二，堅(jiān)持科學(xué)民主決策。要進(jìn)一步完善公眾參與、專家論證和政府決策相結(jié)合的決策機(jī)制，保證決策的科學(xué)性和正確性。加快建立和完善重大問(wèn)題集體決策制度、專家咨詢制度、社會(huì)公示和社會(huì)聽證制度、決策責(zé)任制度。所有重大決策，都要在深入調(diào)查研究、廣泛聽取意見、進(jìn)行充分論證的基礎(chǔ)上，由集體討論決定。這要作為政府的一項(xiàng)基本工作制度，長(zhǎng)期堅(jiān)持下去。

第三，全面推行依法行政。各級(jí)政府都要按照法定權(quán)限和程序行使權(quán)力、履行職責(zé)。所有政府工作人員都要學(xué)會(huì)并善于依法處理經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)事務(wù)。要改革行政執(zhí)法體制，相對(duì)集中行政許可權(quán)和行政處罰權(quán)，推進(jìn)綜合執(zhí)法試點(diǎn)，解決多頭執(zhí)法和亂罰款等問(wèn)題。要加強(qiáng)行政執(zhí)法監(jiān)督，促進(jìn)嚴(yán)格執(zhí)法、公正執(zhí)法和文明執(zhí)法。實(shí)行執(zhí)法責(zé)任制和執(zhí)法過(guò)錯(cuò)追究制，完善并嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行行政賠償制度，做到有權(quán)必有責(zé)、用權(quán)受監(jiān)督、侵權(quán)要賠償。《中華人民共和國(guó)行政許可法》今年７月１日將正式施行，這是規(guī)范政府行為的一部重要法律，各級(jí)政府必須認(rèn)真執(zhí)行。

第四，自覺接受人民監(jiān)督。政府的一切權(quán)力都是人民賦予的，必須對(duì)人民負(fù)責(zé)，為人民謀利益，接受人民監(jiān)督。只有人民監(jiān)督政府，政府才不會(huì)懈怠。各級(jí)政府要自覺接受同級(jí)人民代表大會(huì)及其常委會(huì)的監(jiān)督，接受人民政協(xié)的民主監(jiān)督，認(rèn)真聽取民主黨派、工商聯(lián)、無(wú)黨派人士和各人民團(tuán)體的意見。同時(shí)，要接受新聞?shì)浾摵蜕鐣?huì)公眾監(jiān)督；重視人民群眾通過(guò)行政復(fù)議、行政訴訟等法定渠道，對(duì)政府機(jī)關(guān)及其工作人員的監(jiān)督；加強(qiáng)政府系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部監(jiān)督，支持監(jiān)察、審計(jì)部門依法獨(dú)立履行監(jiān)督職責(zé)。為便于人民群眾知情和監(jiān)督，要建立政務(wù)信息公開制度，增強(qiáng)政府工作的透明度。

第五，加強(qiáng)政風(fēng)建設(shè)和公務(wù)員隊(duì)伍建設(shè)。弘揚(yáng)求真務(wù)實(shí)精神，樹立科學(xué)發(fā)展觀和正確的政績(jī)觀，是加強(qiáng)政風(fēng)建設(shè)的一項(xiàng)重要內(nèi)容。各級(jí)政府辦事情、作決策，都要符合中國(guó)現(xiàn)階段國(guó)情。必須堅(jiān)持一切從實(shí)際出發(fā)，按客觀規(guī)律辦事，既要積極進(jìn)取，又要量力而行，不盲目攀比；必須堅(jiān)持辦實(shí)事，求實(shí)效，珍惜民力，不搞勞民傷財(cái)?shù)摹靶蜗蠊こ獭保槐仨殘?jiān)持察實(shí)情，講真話，不虛報(bào)浮夸；必須堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)籌兼顧，立足當(dāng)前，著眼長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)，不急功近利；必須堅(jiān)持改進(jìn)工作作風(fēng)，精簡(jiǎn)會(huì)議，減少文件，把更多時(shí)間和精力用于深入基層，調(diào)查研究。各項(xiàng)工作都要經(jīng)得起實(shí)踐、群眾和歷史的檢驗(yàn)。

公務(wù)員的素質(zhì)決定著政府的管理水平和效率。要建設(shè)一支政治堅(jiān)定、業(yè)務(wù)精通、清正廉潔、作風(fēng)優(yōu)良的公務(wù)員隊(duì)伍。這支隊(duì)伍要堅(jiān)持解放思想，實(shí)事求是，與時(shí)俱進(jìn)；牢固樹立執(zhí)政為民的思想，保持同人民群眾的密切聯(lián)系，全心全意為人民服務(wù)；遵守憲法和法律，具有依法行政能力；忠于職守，努力學(xué)習(xí)，勤奮工作；遵守紀(jì)律和職業(yè)道德，誠(chéng)信廉明，公道正派，甘于奉獻(xiàn)。各級(jí)政府都要從嚴(yán)治政，賞罰分明。要重視和加強(qiáng)公務(wù)員的培訓(xùn)和考核工作。

加強(qiáng)廉政建設(shè)和反腐敗斗爭(zhēng)。要建立教育、制度、監(jiān)督并重的預(yù)防和懲治腐敗體系。堅(jiān)決查處違紀(jì)違法案件，堅(jiān)決懲處腐敗分子，堅(jiān)決糾正損害人民群眾利益的不正之風(fēng)。全體政府工作人員特別是各級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部，都要繼續(xù)保持謙虛謹(jǐn)慎、不驕不躁的作風(fēng)，繼續(xù)保持艱苦奮斗的作風(fēng)。

各位代表！

維護(hù)香港、澳門長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定和繁榮發(fā)展，是我們堅(jiān)定不移的目標(biāo)。我們堅(jiān)持“一國(guó)兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，嚴(yán)格按照香港基本法和澳門基本法辦事，全力支持香港、澳門兩個(gè)特別行政區(qū)行政長(zhǎng)官和政府依法施政。廣泛團(tuán)結(jié)港澳地區(qū)各界人士。切實(shí)做好內(nèi)地與香港、澳門建立更緊密經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系安排的工作。我們對(duì)香港、澳門的前景充滿信心。

我們堅(jiān)持“和平統(tǒng)一、一國(guó)兩制”的基本方針和現(xiàn)階段發(fā)展兩岸關(guān)系、推進(jìn)祖國(guó)和平統(tǒng)一進(jìn)程的八項(xiàng)主張。我們將積極推進(jìn)兩岸人員往來(lái)和經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化交流，促進(jìn)直接“三通”，依法保護(hù)臺(tái)灣同胞在大陸的正當(dāng)權(quán)益，繼續(xù)推動(dòng)在一個(gè)中國(guó)原則基礎(chǔ)上恢復(fù)兩岸對(duì)話和談判。我們將以最大的誠(chéng)意、盡最大的努力，實(shí)現(xiàn)祖國(guó)的和平統(tǒng)一。堅(jiān)決反對(duì)任何形式的“臺(tái)獨(dú)”分裂活動(dòng)，絕不允許任何人以任何方式把臺(tái)灣從中國(guó)分割出去。我們堅(jiān)信，在包括臺(tái)灣同胞在內(nèi)的全體中華兒女的不懈努力下，祖國(guó)完全統(tǒng)一的共同愿望，一定能夠早日實(shí)現(xiàn)！

各位代表！

當(dāng)前，國(guó)際形勢(shì)繼續(xù)發(fā)生復(fù)雜、深刻的變化。和平與發(fā)展仍然是當(dāng)今時(shí)代的主題。世界多極化、經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化在曲折中發(fā)展，謀求和平與發(fā)展、促進(jìn)合作與進(jìn)步已成為不可阻擋的歷史潮流。但是，單邊主義傾向有新的發(fā)展，局部沖突不斷，國(guó)際恐怖主義活動(dòng)頻繁，南北差距拉大，傳統(tǒng)和非傳統(tǒng)安全問(wèn)題交織，給各國(guó)人民帶來(lái)嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。

過(guò)去的一年，我們堅(jiān)持獨(dú)立自主的和平外交政策，把握機(jī)遇，應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)，主動(dòng)進(jìn)取，對(duì)外工作成績(jī)顯著。我國(guó)在國(guó)際上贏得了更多的理解、信任、尊重和支持，國(guó)際地位和影響力進(jìn)一步提高。

在新的一年，我們要繼續(xù)高舉和平、發(fā)展、合作的旗幟，堅(jiān)定不移地奉行獨(dú)立自主的和平外交政策，堅(jiān)持和平共處五項(xiàng)原則，推進(jìn)與各國(guó)的友好交往與合作，努力爭(zhēng)取更好的國(guó)際環(huán)境和周邊環(huán)境。

我們要堅(jiān)持促進(jìn)世界多極化，倡導(dǎo)國(guó)際關(guān)系民主化和發(fā)展模式多樣化，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化朝著有利于各國(guó)共同繁榮的方向發(fā)展。要堅(jiān)持互信、互利、平等、協(xié)作的新安全觀，反對(duì)霸權(quán)主義和強(qiáng)權(quán)政治，反對(duì)一切形式的恐怖主義，繼續(xù)推動(dòng)建立公正合理的國(guó)際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)新秩序。

我們要深化同發(fā)展中國(guó)家的友好合作，探索合作的新渠道、新形式，支持廣大發(fā)展中國(guó)家聯(lián)合自強(qiáng)。

我們要堅(jiān)持與鄰為善、以鄰為伴的方針，與周邊各國(guó)深化睦鄰友好合作，維護(hù)地區(qū)和平與穩(wěn)定。

我們要不斷加強(qiáng)同發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的關(guān)系，努力尋求和擴(kuò)大共同利益的匯合點(diǎn)，通過(guò)平等對(duì)話與磋商，逐步解決存在的分歧，促進(jìn)相互關(guān)系的穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。

我們要積極拓展多邊外交，在聯(lián)合國(guó)和其他國(guó)際及區(qū)域組織中發(fā)揮建設(shè)性作用。

中國(guó)政府和中國(guó)人民將始終站在人類正義事業(yè)的一邊，同各國(guó)人民一道，為維護(hù)世界和平、促進(jìn)共同發(fā)展不懈奮斗。

各位代表！

新的一年，政府工作任務(wù)相當(dāng)繁重，我們深感肩負(fù)的責(zé)任重大而光榮。全國(guó)人民對(duì)政府的信任和支持，給了我們無(wú)窮的力量和必勝的信心。我們堅(jiān)信，在以胡錦濤同志為總書記的黨中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，高舉鄧小平理論和“三個(gè)代表”重要思想偉大旗幟，緊緊依靠全國(guó)各族人民，一定能夠克服各種艱難險(xiǎn)阻，不斷把改革開放和社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化事業(yè)推向前進(jìn)！(中國(guó)政府網(wǎng))

第三篇：溫家寶政府工作報(bào)告

溫家寶政府工作報(bào)告

國(guó)務(wù)院總理溫家寶3月5日在十一屆全國(guó)人大四次會(huì)議上作政府工作報(bào)告時(shí)說(shuō)，要更好地滿足人民群眾多層次多樣化文化需求，發(fā)揮文化引導(dǎo)社會(huì)、教育人民、推動(dòng)發(fā)展的功能，增強(qiáng)

民族凝聚力和創(chuàng)造力。

溫家寶指出，加強(qiáng)公民道德建設(shè)，在全社會(huì)樹立中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義的共同理想和信念，加快構(gòu)建傳承中華傳統(tǒng)美德、符合社會(huì)主義精神文明要求、適應(yīng)社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的道德和行為規(guī)范。加強(qiáng)誠(chéng)信體系建設(shè)，建立相關(guān)制度和法律法規(guī)。增強(qiáng)公共文化產(chǎn)品供給和服務(wù)能力，重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)中西部地區(qū)和城鄉(xiāng)基層的文化基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，繼續(xù)實(shí)施文化惠民工程。扶持公益性文化事業(yè)，加強(qiáng)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)、利用和傳承。進(jìn)一步繁榮哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)。發(fā)展新聞出版、廣播影視、文學(xué)藝術(shù)、檔案事業(yè)。加強(qiáng)對(duì)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的利用和管理。深化文化體制改革，積極推進(jìn)經(jīng)營(yíng)性文化單位轉(zhuǎn)企改制。大力發(fā)展文化產(chǎn)業(yè)，培育新型文化業(yè)態(tài)，推動(dòng)文化產(chǎn)業(yè)成為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)支柱性產(chǎn)業(yè)。大力開展全民健身活動(dòng)，促進(jìn)群眾體育和競(jìng)技體育協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。加強(qiáng)對(duì)外

文化體育交流與合作。

《 人民日?qǐng)?bào) 》（2011年03月06日03 版）

第四篇：2010 溫家寶政府工作報(bào)告(英文版)

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

Delivered at the Third Session

of the Eleventh National People's Congress on March 5, 2010

Wen Jiabao

Premier of the State Council

Fellow Deputies，On behalf of the State Council, I now present to you my report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I also invite the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC)to provide comments and suggestions.I.Review of Work in 2009

The year 2009 was the most difficult year for our country's economic development since the beginning of the new century.This time last year the global financial crisis was still spreading, and the world economy was in a deep recession.Our economy was severely affected;our exports decreased significantly;a large number of enterprises had operating difficulties, and some even suspended production or closed down;the number of unemployed people increased significantly;many migrant workers had to return to their home villages;and the pace of our economic growth suddenly slowed down.In these unusually difficult circumstances, the people of all our ethnic groups fortified their confidence, tackled difficulties head on, worked tenaciously, and responded calmly to the impact of the global financial crisis under the firm leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC).Our economy was the first in the world to have made a turnaround, and we made major new achievements in reform and opening up as well as socialist modernization.GDP reached 33.5 trillion yuan, an increase of 8.7% over the previous year(here and below).Fiscal revenue was 6.85 trillion yuan, up 11.7%.Grain production was 530.82 million tons, a new record and an increase for the sixth consecutive year.A total of 11.02 million urban jobs were created.The per capita disposable income of urban residents was 17,175 yuan, and the net per capita income of rural residents was 5,153 yuan, up 9.8% and 8.5% respectively in real terms.We took another steady step along the path of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.Events again proved that no difficulties or obstacles can impede the course of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.The past year was truly extraordinary and inspiring.We held a grand celebration of the 60th anniversary of the founding of New China.The outstanding achievements we made in that time have greatly boosted the confidence and pride of the people, strengthened the cohesiveness of the Chinese nation, and raised China's international standing and influence.All this definitely encourages us to continue to forge ahead on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Over the last year, we mainly undertook the following work.1.Strengthening and improving macro-control and promoting steady and rapid economic development.We carried out a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy.We comprehensively implemented and constantly improved the package plan for addressing the global financial crisis.We significantly increased government spending, implemented structural tax reductions, rapidly increased supplies of money and credit, made our monetary policy more sustainable, and increased the amount of direct financing.We thus ensured funding for economic and social development, effectively boosted domestic demand, and quickly reversed the slowdown in economic growth.We vigorously expanded consumer spending.Our policies to encourage consumption covered more areas, were stronger and benefited more people than ever before.The central government provided 45 billion yuan in subsidies for rural residents to purchase home appliances and motor vehicles, including motorbikes.Part of the subsidies also supported trading-in old motor vehicles and home appliances for new ones and purchasing agricultural machinery and tools.We halved the purchase tax on small-displacement automobiles.We reduced or exempted taxes on buying and selling homes to support the purchase of homes to be used as their owners' residences.Throughout the year 13.64 million motor vehicles were sold, an increase of 46.2%;commodity housing sales amounted to 937 million square meters, up 42.1%;and total retail sales of consumer goods increased 16.9% in real terms.Consumption played a much bigger role in fueling economic growth.We promoted rapid growth in investment.We guided and stimulated non-government investment by means of well-leveraged government investment.We implemented a plan to invest an additional 4 trillion yuan over two years.In 2009, the central government's public investment was 924.3 billion yuan, 503.8 billion yuan more than in the previous year's budget.Of this, 44% was invested in low-income housing, projects to improve the wellbeing of rural residents, and social programs;16% in independent innovation, restructuring, energy conservation, emissions reductions, and ecological improvement;23% in major infrastructure projects;and 14% in post-Wenchuan earthquake recovery and reconstruction.Fixed asset investment increased 30.1% nationwide.We further improved the investment structure.Rapid investment growth effectively compensated for the shortfall created by shrinking external demand, strengthened weak links, and laid a solid foundation for long-term economic and social development.We accelerated the post-Wenchuan earthquake recovery and reconstruction work.We have already invested 654.5 billion yuan, 65.5% of the total planned investment, in the worst hit areas.Thanks to the government's strong support, the selfless assistance of people throughout the country, and the hard work of residents of the earthquake area, the badly damaged areas have taken on a brand-new appearance, with new towns rising straight out of the ground, and villages brimming with vitality.All this fully reflects the boundless love of the Chinese nation and powerfully demonstrates the incomparable superiority of the socialist system.2.Vigorously carrying out economic restructuring, and shoring up the foundation for long-term development.We closely integrated sustaining economic growth with economic restructuring, and moved more quickly to resolve structural problems limiting economic development.We further strengthened the work related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.The central government used 725.3 billion yuan to support agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, an increase of 21.8%.We raised the minimum grain purchase prices by a large margin.We began implementation of the plan to increase grain production capacity by 50 million tons nationwide.We continued to improve living and working conditions in rural areas.We implemented rural drinking water safety projects that benefited 60.69 million people, increased the number of methane gas users by 5.1 million, built and upgraded 380,000 kilometers of roads and 266,000 kilometers of electric power lines and renovated 800,000 dilapidated houses in the countryside, and helped build permanent housing for 92,000 nomadic families.We also intensified our efforts to fight poverty.As a result, working and living conditions notably improved in poverty-stricken areas.We intensified industrial restructuring.We formulated and implemented a plan for restructuring and invigorating ten key industries.We encouraged enterprises to accelerate technological upgrading, and provided 20 billion yuan to support 4,441 technological upgrading projects.Further progress was made in mergers and reorganization in key industries.We made great efforts to restrict excess production capacity and redundant development in some industries.We closed down 26.17 million kilowatts of small thermal power stations, and eliminated backward facilities with total production capacity of 16.91 million tons in the steelmaking industry, 21.13 million tons in the iron-smelting industry, 74.16 million tons in the cement industry, and 18.09 million tons in the coke industry.We accelerated the implementation of major national science and technology projects, and spent 151.2 billion yuan of central government funds on science and technology, an increase of 30%.We vigorously supported the widespread use of domestically innovated products, and the development of emerging industries such as clean energy and third-generation mobile communications.We vigorously strengthened infrastructure development;put 5,557 kilometers of newly built railway lines into operation;opened 4,719 kilometers of new expressways to traffic, accelerated urban rail development;and built, renovated or expanded 35 civil airports.We increased the installed power-generating capacity by 89.7 million kilowatts, began supplying gas through the western section of the second line of the project for shipping natural gas from west to east, accelerated construction on the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, and began reinforcing 6,183 dangerous reservoirs.We made solid progress in conserving energy, reducing emissions and protecting the environment.We supported 2,983 key energy conservation and recycling projects through budgetary investment.We implemented a project to promote energy-efficient products for the benefit of the people, putting into use more than 5 million energy-saving air-conditioners and 150 million energy-efficient light bulbs.We continued to develop key ecological projects in the forestry industry, and completed the afforestation of 5.88 million hectares, thereby raising the percentage of land covered by forest to 20.36%.Through combined measures, we brought soil erosion on 48,000 square kilometers of land under control.We strengthened the prevention and treatment of water pollution in the key watersheds of the Huai, Hai, and Liao rivers and Tai, Chao, and Dianchi lakes, and improved the control of wastewater, gases and residues from industry.Over the first four years of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, energy consumption per unit of GDP fell 14.38 %, and chemical oxygen demand and sulfur dioxide emissions decreased 9.66% and 13.14% respectively.We made vigorous efforts to respond to climate change, and set forth our country's targets, policies and measures for controlling greenhouse gas emissions by 2020.We improved our weather forecasting and early warning, as well as earthquake monitoring, and constantly improved our disaster prevention and protection capabilities.We took new steps in balancing development between regions.We thoroughly implemented the overall strategy for regional development, and formulated several major regional development plans and policies.The central and western regions and northeast China accelerated opening up and development, welcomed industries relocated from other parts of the country, and continuously strengthened their foundation for development.The eastern region accelerated restructuring and independent innovation, and the vitality of its economic development increased.A favorable situation emerged in which regional development was better distributed, structured and coordinated.3.Steadfastly deepening reform and opening up, and constantly improving institutions and mechanisms conducive to developing scientifically.We deepened reform and opening up to respond more powerfully to the global financial crisis, worked hard to remove institutional obstacles and continued to open wider to the outside world.We accelerated reform in key areas and links.We comprehensively carried out VAT reform.The reform of the prices of refined oil products and taxes and fees on them was implemented smoothly, and a new mechanism for pricing them worked well.We made solid progress in commercializing the China Development Bank and introducing the joint stock system in the Agricultural Bank of China, and launched a pilot project to use the renminbi as the settlement currency for cross-border trade.The ChiNext stock market was officially launched, which opened a new financing channel for enterprises based on independent innovation and other growth enterprises.We proceeded with the reform of local government departments in an orderly manner, and steadily carried out a trial of reforming institutions by type.We comprehensively launched the reform of tenure in collective forests.We devolved tenure in 100 million hectares of forest land to rural households, equaling 60% of the country's total area of collective forests.This is another major reform of China's rural operation system, and follows in the footsteps of the household land contract responsibility system.We constantly raised the level of the open economy.We introduced policies and measures to stabilize foreign demand, adopted methods that conform to international practices to support export companies, completed the issuance of short-term export credit insurance worth US$ 90 billion, and arranged $42.1 billion of export financing insurance for complete sets of large equipment.We encouraged increases in imports.Since the second half of last year, falls in imports and exports have clearly eased, and we have consolidated our share of international markets.Last year imports and exports totaled $2.2 trillion.We reversed the decline in utilized foreign investment, and actual utilized foreign direct investment amounted to $90 billion for the entire year.More enterprises “went global” in spite of the adverse situation;non-financial outward direct investment amounted to $43.3 billion, and receipts from overseas project contracting operations reached $77.7 billion.We actively participated in international macroeconomic policy dialogue and coordination as well as economic, trade and financial cooperation, and played a constructive role in the joint response to the global financial crisis.4.Striving to improve people's wellbeing and accelerating the development of social programs.In the difficult circumstances of responding to the global financial crisis, we gave greater priority to ensuring and improving people's wellbeing and effectively solved the most practical problems of the greatest and most direct concern to the people.We implemented a more active employment policy.We increased the responsibility of the government for stimulating employment.The central government allocated 42.6 billion yuan in special employment funds, an increase of 59%.For distressed enterprises, we postponed and in some cases reduced their payment of social security contributions.We also reduced or exempted reemployment tax and provided related subsidies to encourage enterprises to maintain or increase their levels of employment.We launched a series of employment service activities, created public-service jobs through multiple channels, and encouraged college graduates to take jobs at the primary level, enlist in the army, or join enterprises and institutions as interns.We provided job training for 21 million urban and rural workers.These measures helped bring about basic employment stability.We accelerated improvements in the social security system.We established a nationwide pension planning system at the provincial level, and introduced a method for transferring pension accounts for workers of urban enterprises, some of whom are rural migrant workers.We launched a pilot project for a new rural pension insurance system in 320 counties-a historic step forward in the development of China's social security system.The central government allocated 290.6 billion yuan in social security funds, an increase of 16.6%.Pensions for enterprise retirees increased for the fifth consecutive year and registered another 10% rise per person.We provided better care for childless and infirm rural residents receiving guarantees of food, clothing, medical care, housing and burial expenses.We increased subsidies for entitled groups and subsistence allowances for both urban and rural recipients.The central government used 55.1 billion yuan to develop low-income housing projects, a two-fold increase over the previous year.We built, renovated or expanded 2 million low-income housing units of various types, and renovated or built 1.3 million housing units in different types of run-down areas.Nationwide, social security funds reached 692.7 billion yuan, an increase of 44.2%.We strengthened the social security system.We made education more equitable.We increased education spending nationwide significantly, including central government spending of 198.1 billion yuan, an increase of 23.6%.We comprehensively implemented the urban and rural compulsory education policy, spent 66.6 billion yuan of central government funds on rural compulsory education, and reached the target of raising public spending for rural secondary and primary school students to an average of 500 yuan and 300 yuan per student respectively a year ahead of schedule.We implemented a performance-based pay system for compulsory education teachers.We started to implement the policy of free tuition for rural students attending secondary vocational schools whose families have financial difficulties and students in such schools who are studying agriculture-related majors.We constantly improved the national student financial aid system, which benefited 28.71 million students and basically ensured that no children from poor families were denied schooling due to financial difficulties.We made steady progress in the reform and development of the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields.We organized the implementation of the reform of the pharmaceutical and healthcare systems.The central government spent 127.7 billion yuan on medical and health care, an increase of 49.5 %.A total of 401 million urban workers and non-working urban residents subscribed to basic medical insurance, and coverage of the new type of rural cooperative medical care system reached 830 million people.The central government allocated 42.9 billion yuan to solve the problem of medical insurance for retired workers from closed and bankrupt state-owned enterprises.The basic drug system has been implemented in 30% of primary-level medical and health care institutions.Central government funds were used to support the construction of a number of county-level hospitals, town and township central hospitals, and community health service centers.We launched major public health service projects, including one to increase vaccinations against hepatitis B.We intensified special campaigns for food and drug safety.Faced with the sudden outbreak of influenza A(H1N1), we carried out scientific and orderly prevention and control work in accordance with the law, and thereby effectively protected people's lives and maintained normal order in society.It was not at all easy for our country to make all these achievements against the backdrop of the severe impact of the global financial crisis and the negative growth of the world economy.They were the result of the overall planning and correct leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary as well as the concerted and strenuous efforts of the whole Party, the entire army, and the people of all of our ethnic groups.On behalf of the State Council, I hereby express our sincere gratitude to the people of all of our ethnic groups and to the democratic parties, mass organizations, and people from all sectors of society.I also express our sincere thanks to our compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas, as well as to foreign governments, international organizations, and friends in other countries that take an interest in and support China's modernization.In the course of the past year, as we conscientiously applied the Scientific Outlook on Development, vigorously responded to the global financial crisis and completed all of our government work, we came to the following conclusions: We must continue to make use of both market mechanisms and macro-control, that is, at the same time as we keep our reforms oriented toward a market economy, let market forces play their basic role in allocating resources, and stimulate the market's vitality, we must make best use of the socialist system's advantages, which enable us to make decisions efficiently, organize effectively, and concentrate resources to accomplish large undertakings.We must balance long-and short-term interests, take into account long-and short-term needs, and address both the symptoms and root causes of problems.We must overcome short-term difficulties and solve major problems as well as strengthen key areas and weak links in order to lay a foundation for long-term development.We must continue to consider domestic and international situations, make it a long-term strategic policy to boost domestic demand, adhere to the win-win strategy of opening up, and quickly formulate a pattern in which domestic demand and foreign demand drive economic growth in concert.We must always remember that developing the economy is inseparable from improving people's wellbeing and safeguarding social fairness and justice;make improving people's wellbeing the focus of development, and the starting point, goal, and lasting driving force of economic development;strive to safeguard fairness and justice;ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development;and promote social harmony and stability.We must give free rein to the initiative of both the central and local authorities.While stressing unity of thinking and keeping overall interests in mind, we also need to encourage everyone to proceed in light of local conditions and make explorations and innovations, in order to form a powerful, concerted force for overcoming present difficulties.All of these experiences are of vital and profound significance for keeping to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, improving our ability to run the socialist market economy, and pushing ahead the process of modernization.II.Main Tasks for 2010

This is a crucial year for continuing to deal with the global financial crisis, maintaining steady and rapid economic development, and accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development.It is also an important year for achieving all the targets of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan and laying a solid foundation for development on the basis of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan.Although this year's development environment may be better than last year's, we still face a very complex situation.Some positive changes and negative influences are growing while others are diminishing.Short-term and long-term problems are interwoven, domestic and international factors mutually affect each other, and the dilemmas facing economic and social development are increasing.Internationally, the global economy will hopefully turn around.International financial markets are stabilizing, and the overall trend toward increased economic globalization has not changed.Considerable changes and adjustments in the world economic structure will bring new development opportunities.At the same time, many destabilizing factors and uncertainties remain in our external environment.The foundation for global economic recovery remains weak;financial risks have not been completely eliminated;individual countries face difficult choices in phasing out their stimulus policies;larger fluctuations may occur in the prices of major commodities and exchange rates among the major currencies;trade protectionism is clearly reasserting itself;and global problems such as climate change, food security and energy and resource supplies remain complex.Domestically, our country is still in an important period of strategic opportunities.The foundation for economic turnaround is becoming stronger, market confidence has increased, the policy we adopted to boost domestic demand and improve people's wellbeing continues to show results, and enterprises are constantly becoming more competitive and better able to adapt to market changes.Nevertheless, there are still some serious problems affecting economic and social development.There is insufficient internal impetus driving economic growth;our independent innovation capability is not strong;there is still considerable excess production capacity in some industries and it is becoming more difficult to restructure them;while the pressure on employment is constantly growing overall, there is a structural shortage of labor;the foundation for keeping agricultural production and farmers' incomes growing steadily is weak;latent risks in the banking and public finance sectors are increasing;and major problems in the areas of healthcare, education, housing, income distribution and public administration urgently require solutions.We must make a comprehensive and correct judgment of the situation, and we must not interpret the economic turnaround as a fundamental improvement in the economic situation.We need to strengthen our awareness of potential dangers, make full use of favorable conditions and positive factors, strive to resolve problems, make even more thorough preparations to deal with risks and challenges of all kinds, and firmly keep the initiative in our work.To do a good job of our government work this year, we need to conscientiously implement the guiding principles of the Seventeenth National Party Congress and the third and fourth plenary sessions of the Seventeenth Central Committee;take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide;thoroughly implement the Scientific Outlook on Development;strive to apply macro-control appropriately and maintain steady and rapid economic development;work hard to accelerate economic restructuring and the transformation of the pattern of economic development;press ahead with reform and opening up and with independent innovation;strive to improve people's wellbeing and to promote social harmony and stability;make headway with our efforts to encourage socialist economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological development;pick up the pace of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects;and work hard to achieve sound, rapid economic and social development.This year the main targets we have set for economic and social development are: increasing GDP by approximately 8%, creating jobs for more than 9 million people entering the urban workforce, keeping the urban registered unemployment rate no higher than 4.6%, holding the rise in consumer prices to around 3%, and improving the balance of payments.Here I would like to stress that in targeting a GDP increase of around 8%, we are emphasizing sound development, and we need to guide all sectors to focus on transforming the pattern of economic development and restructuring the economy in their work.By targeting an increase in consumer prices of around 3%, we are giving full consideration to the carry-over effects of last year's price changes, the reverberations caused by price changes for major international commodities, the continued impact of increases in domestic supplies of money and credit, and consumers' ability to bear price increases, while also leaving room for reform in resource and environment taxes and fees and in the pricing of resource products.This year we will focus on the following eight areas.1.Exercising better macro-control and maintaining steady and rapid economic development

We need to continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy.We need to maintain continuity and stability in our policies while constantly making them better-targeted and more flexible as circumstances and conditions change, and keep a good grasp of the intensity, pace and focus of their implementation.We need to skillfully handle the relationship between maintaining steady and rapid economic development, restructuring the economy and managing inflation expectations.We not only need to maintain sufficient policy intensity and consolidate the momentum of the economic turnaround, but we also need to accelerate economic restructuring and make substantive progress in transforming the pattern of economic development.In addition, we need to manage inflation expectations well and keep the overall level of prices stable.We will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy.First, we will keep the deficit and government bonds at appropriate levels.This year, we have projected a deficit of 1.05 trillion yuan, which consists of 850 billion yuan in central government deficit and 200 billion yuan in local government bonds, which will be included in local government budgets.These arrangements are based mainly on the consideration that this year revenue will fall significantly short of expenditures.Regarding revenue, last year's one-off measures to increase revenue will either not be repeated or will be decreased.We also need to continue to implement the policy of structural tax reductions;consequently, revenue will not increase very quickly.Regarding expenditures, we will continue to implement the package plan for dealing with the global financial crisis, and increase spending to complete work on projects now under construction, strengthen weak links, carry forward reform, improve people's wellbeing and maintain stability.Second, we will continue to implement the structural tax reduction policy to expand domestic demand and promote economic restructuring.Third, we will improve the structure of expenditures, maintain expenditures in some areas while reducing them in others, and spend our money where it counts the most.We will continue to give preference to agriculture, farmers, and rural areas, and to improving people's wellbeing and developing social programs.We will support energy conservation, environmental protection, independent innovation, and development in underdeveloped areas.We will strictly control regular expenditures, and do all we can to reduce public spending.Fourth, we will effectively improve government debt management, strengthen internal and external restraints, and effectively guard against and fend off latent public finance risks.In addition, we need to strengthen tax collection and supervision as well as supervision of non-tax revenue in accordance with the law, strictly crack down on tax fraud, and collect all due taxes.We will continue to implement a moderately easy monetary policy.First, we will ensure that there are proper and sufficient supplies of money and credit.This year's target for expanding the broad money supply(M2)is around 17%, and we will increase the total quantity of renminbi loans by approximately 7.5 trillion yuan.Although both of these increases are less than the actual increases last year, they are still moderately easy policy goals, and they can satisfy reasonable financial demands of economic and social development.In addition, these goals are beneficial for managing inflation expectations and making financial support for economic development more sustainable.Second, we will improve the credit structure.We will implement a credit policy that guarantees credit in some areas and limits it in others;increase support for important areas and weak links;effectively alleviate the difficulties farmers and small businesses have in obtaining financing;and strictly control loans to industries that are energy-intensive, highly polluting or saddled with overcapacity.We will strengthen post-loan supervision and ensure that loans are used to support the real economy.Third, we will actively expand direct financing.We will improve the system of multilevel capital markets, increase financing by selling equities and issuing bonds, and better satisfy the diverse demand for investment and financing.Fourth, we will strengthen risk management and make financial oversight and supervision more effective.We will explore ways to establish a system of prudent macro management, strengthen the monitoring of the cross-border flow of capital, and guard against all kinds of financial risks.We will continue to improve the mechanism for setting the renminbi exchange rate and keep it basically stable at an appropriate and balanced level.We will energetically expand consumer demand.We will continue to increase farmers' incomes, basic pensions of enterprise retirees, allowances to some entitled groups, subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents, and people's purchasing power, especially low-and middle-income earners.We will strengthen and expand traditional consumption, and promote the upgrading of the consumption structure by actively cultivating areas of high consumption, such as information, tourism, culture, fitness, training, services for the elderly and household services.We will increase consumer credit.We will strengthen infrastructure, such as the logistics system, and vigorously develop e-commerce.We will overhaul and standardize markets to create a convenient, safe and worry-free environment for consumers.We will continue to implement and improve all of our policies and measures for encouraging consumption.We will considerably raise the maximum price limits for home appliances sold in the countryside, increase types of appliances and models eligible for subsidies, expand the scope of subsidies, improve the criteria for qualifying for subsidies and the way subsidies are granted, strengthen supervision and evaluation of enterprises that win bids for contracts, and raise the quality of products and services.We will improve the policies for getting consumers to trade-in old motor vehicles and home appliances for new ones and getting rural residents to buy motor vehicles, and set the purchase tax for small-displacement automobiles at 7.5%.We must implement these policies and measures, do meaningful work and do it well, and make sure the benefits reach the people.We will strive to improve the investment structure.Government investment at all levels needs to be concentrated in the most important areas, and the launching of new projects must be strictly controlled.It should be used mainly for carrying on and completing projects, and we need to ensure that projects are not stopped midway.We will steadily move forward with the recovery and reconstruction of quake-hit areas, and make sure quality and quantity targets are met.We will encourage greater non-government investment, and improve and implement policies to achieve this goal.We will strengthen and improve the supervision of investment;strictly enforce market entry standards and industrial policies concerning land use, energy conservation, environmental protection, and safety;and effectively prevent redundant construction.For projects financed through the public treasury, relevant departments need to exercise oversight of the entire course of the project, and we must prevent the construction of image and vanity projects that waste manpower and money in the name of boosting domestic demand.We will adhere to scientific and democratic decision making, and ensure that public funds are spent on projects that promote economic and social development and improve people's lives and that will stand the test of practice and history 2.Accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development and adjusting and optimizing the economic structure We urgently need to transform the pattern of economic development.We will work hard to put economic development onto the track of endogenous growth driven by innovation.We will continue to promote restructuring and revitalization in key industries.First, we will intensify technological upgrading.We will effectively use funds for technological upgrading to guide enterprises in developing new products, saving energy and reducing resource consumption.Second, we will encourage mergers and reorganization of enterprises.We will break industry monopolies, remove regional blockades, support superior enterprises in acquiring ones in financial difficulties, and close down backward production facilities more quickly.Third, we will comprehensively raise product quality.We will guide enterprises to improve their quality management systems, focusing on brands, standards, service, and performance, and to enhance their sense of social responsibility.We will effectively strengthen the market oversight and credibility systems, and strive to raise the quality of China's products to a new level.We will foster emerging industries of strategic importance.The global financial crisis is hastening the birth of a new technological and industrial revolution.It is of decisive importance for the future of our country that we develop emerging industries of strategic importance and capture the economic, scientific and technological high ground;therefore, we must seize opportunities, identify priorities, and achieve results.We need to vigorously develop new energy sources, new materials, energy conservation, environmental protection, biomedicine, information networks, and high-end manufacturing industries.We will make substantive progress in developing motor vehicles powered by new energy sources and in integrating telecommunications networks, cable television networks, and the Internet, and accelerate R&D in and application of the Internet of Things.We will also increase investment in and policy support for emerging industries of strategic importance.We will further promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises.First, we will set up a sound service system for small and medium-sized enterprises.We will promptly revise the criteria for classifying such enterprises, accelerate the development of a public service platform and an information service network for them and bases for small business startups, continue to reduce and streamline administrative examination and approval procedures, and resolutely sort out fees and eliminate unreasonable ones.Second, we will continue to implement the policy of fiscal support for small and medium-sized enterprises.The central government will allocate 10.6 billion yuan to support their development.A preferential income tax policy for small enterprises with low profits will be implemented.Small and medium-sized enterprises will be eligible to receive money from special funds for technological upgrading in the central budget, and local governments should also increase investment in technological upgrading.Third, we will provide better financial support for small and medium-sized enterprises.We will improve the credit assessment system for small enterprises, and encourage the establishment of a loan risk compensation fund for them.We will allow full tax deductions for loan loss reserves for loans to small and medium-sized enterprises.We will develop a multilevel system of credit guarantees for these enterprises, and implement the policy of exempting business tax for qualified credit guarantee agencies serving them and allow those agencies to exempt withdrawals from reserve funds and compensation for losses from taxation.We will expand channels for small and medium-sized enterprises to obtain financing in order to effectively solve their financing problems, especially those of small enterprises.We will accelerate the development of the service sector.We will further raise the development level of the service sector and its proportion of the national economy.We will vigorously develop production-oriented service industries, including finance, logistics, information, R&D, industrial design, commerce, energy conservation, and environmental protection services, and promote the intimate integration of service industries with modern manufacturing industries.We will also develop public utilities, real estate, and property management services, community services and other service industries closely related to people's wellbeing.We will accelerate the development of tourism and expand new types of services.In view of the weak foundation and great potential of the service sector in rural areas, we need to accelerate the establishment of a sound system of rural workplace and consumer services, mainly revolving around production, sales, scientific and technological information, and financial services.We will speed up the establishment of an open, fair, and standardized system for licensing service providers and encourage the participation of non-government capital.We will further improve policies for promoting development in the service sector, and gradually lower the electricity, water, gas, and heat rates for service industries encouraged by the state to the same levels charged to industrial enterprises.We will strive to conserve energy and reduce emissions.First, we will energetically promote energy conservation and raise the efficiency of energy consumption, especially in industry, transportation, and construction.We will make solid progress in the ten major energy conservation projects, the campaign to save energy in 1,000 enterprises, and the project to promote energy-efficient products that benefit the people, and make saving energy a good habit throughout society.We will increase our energy-saving capacity by an equivalent of 80 million tons of standard coal.We will rapidly develop and employ desulphurization equipment for every coal-fired power generating unit.Second, we will strengthen environmental protection.We will work to improve the environment in key watersheds and regions, treat urban sewage and garbage, deal with pollution from non-point agricultural sources, and comprehensively clean up heavy metal pollution.In urban areas, the daily sewage treatment capacity will increase by 15 million cubic meters and the daily garbage disposal capacity will grow by 60,000 tons.Third, we will energetically develop a circular economy and the energy conservation and environmental protection industries.For the circular economy, we will support R&D in technology, demonstrations and applications, and capacity building.We will save energy, water, land and materials.We will comprehensively utilize mineral resources, recycle industrial waste, use by-product heat and pressure to generate electricity, and transform household solid waste into resources.We will rationally develop, utilize, and protect marine resources.Fourth, we will actively respond to climate change.We will improve our ability to adapt to it and ameliorate its effects.We will work hard to develop low-carbon technologies;promote application of highly efficient, energy-conserving technologies;develop new and renewable energies;and intensify development of smart power grids.We will accelerate afforestation, increase forest carbon sinks and expand our forests by at least 5.923 million hectares.We need to energetically build an industrial system and consumption pattern with low carbon emissions.We will participate in international cooperation to address climate change and work for further progress in the global fight against climate change.We will promote balanced economic development between regions.We will continue to develop the western region on a large scale, comprehensively reinvigorate the old industrial bases in northeast China and elsewhere, energize the development of the central region, and support the eastern region in taking the lead in development.We will conscientiously implement all plans and policies for promoting regional economic and social development.We will accelerate growth of development priority zones.We will increase support for old revolutionary areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas.We will focus on formulating and implementing policies for economic and social development in Xinjiang, Tibet, and Tibetan ethnic areas in Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu and Qinghai provinces.When implementing the overall strategy for regional development, we will emphasize exploiting different regions' comparative advantages and making well-targeted efforts to solve major problems arising in the course of development in each region.We will focus on reversing the growing gap in economic and social development between regions, balancing their development better, accelerating the improvement of the public finance system, and making access to basic public services more equal.3.Improving the balance between urban and rural development and strengthening the foundation for the development of agriculture and rural areas

After six consecutive years of increases in grain output and rural incomes, it is vital we sustain our good work in the areas of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.In accordance with the requirements for balancing urban and rural development, we need to make solving problems faced by agriculture, rural areas, and farmers a top priority in all our work;further strengthen our policies to aid agriculture and benefit farmers;coordinate industrialization, urbanization, and agricultural and rural modernization;and consolidate and build upon the good situation in agriculture and rural areas.We will promote the steady development of agriculture and a continuous increase in rural incomes.We will keep grain production stable;expand the total area sown with oilseed;increase supplies of important agricultural products in short supply;implement a large-scale effort to increase the production of grain, cotton, oilseed, and sugar;standardize farming practices in horticulture, animal husbandry, and aquaculture;and ensure the security of the “rice bag”(grain supply)and “vegetable basket”(non-staple food supply).We will continue to provide direct subsidies for grain producers, and increase general subsidies for purchasing agricultural supplies and subsidies for purchasing superior crop varieties and agricultural machinery and tools.The central government will allocate 133.5 billion yuan for this purpose, a year-on-year increase of 6.04 billion yuan.We will further raise minimum grain purchase prices.The minimum prices of early indica rice, middle-season and late indica rice and japonica rice will be raised by 3 yuan, 5 yuan and 10 yuan per 50 kilograms respectively, and the minimum price of wheat will be raised by 3 yuan per 50 kilograms.We will continue to implement the policy of purchasing and temporarily stockpiling major agricultural products and give farmers more tangible benefits.We will increase fiscal support for major grain-producing, pork-producing, and cattle farming counties.We will vigorously develop the processing industry for agricultural products, promote industrialization in agriculture, support the upgrading and renovation of wholesale markets and markets for farm produce, and promote closer linkage between production and the market.We will help rural residents find jobs or start their own businesses, and increase rural incomes through a variety of channels.We will intensify poverty alleviation and development and work tirelessly to eradicate poverty and backwardness so that rural residents can soon live a prosperous and happy life.We will strengthen agricultural infrastructure.We will continue to give high priority in government spending to supporting agricultural and rural development.In the budget, our priority for fixed asset investment will be agricultural infrastructure and projects that improve the wellbeing of rural residents, and our priority for use of proceeds from the transfer of land-use rights will be developing agricultural land and building rural infrastructure.The central government plans to allocate 818.3 billion yuan for agriculture, farmers, and rural areas, an increase of 93 billion yuan over last year, and local governments at all levels will also increase their investment.We will comprehensively implement the plan to increase grain production by 50 billion kilograms nationwide, with the emphasis on major grain-producing regions.Focusing on water conservancy, we will improve agricultural infrastructure, accelerate related upgrades of large and medium-sized irrigated areas, expand the area in which water-conserving irrigation methods are used, create high-grade cropland, and finish reinforcing dilapidated large, medium-sized, and key small reservoirs.With the focus on breeding improved crop varieties, we will accelerate innovation in agricultural technology and the widespread adoption of scientific and technological advances, and carry out a major science and technology project to create new crop varieties using gene transfer technology.We will move forward with the construction of modern agriculture demonstration sites.We will accelerate the development of public services for extending agricultural technology, preventing and controlling animal and plant diseases, and providing quality oversight of agricultural products in townships, towns and regions.We will deepen rural reform.We will uphold the basic rural operation system;quickly improve relevant laws, regulations and policies;and maintain existing land contract relationships over the long term.We will strengthen supervision of and services for the transfer of contracted land-use rights, and develop diverse large-scale farming operations on the basis of legal, voluntary, and compensated transfers of land-use rights.We will continue to carry out comprehensive rural reform, improve supporting policies for the reform of tenure in collective forests, and launch the reform of state tree farms.We will continue to reform the basic system for the use of grasslands, develop specialized farmer cooperatives, improve the organization of agriculture, more quickly develop small rural financial institutions, actively promote micro-credit loans in rural areas, and improve rural financial services.We will also deepen reforms in township and town government departments.We will balance promoting urbanization and building a new countryside.We will keep to the path of urbanization with Chinese characteristics.We will promote balanced development between towns and large, small and medium-sized cities;increase the overall carrying capacity of cities and towns;ensure that cities stimulate the development of surrounding rural areas;and promote positive interaction between urbanization and the building of a new countryside.We will strengthen county economies, improve infrastructure and environmental protection in county towns and hub towns, guide an orderly flow of nonagricultural industries and rural people to small towns, and encourage returned rural migrant workers to start businesses in their hometowns.When developing urban and rural areas, we must adhere to the strictest possible systems for protecting arable land and economizing land use to genuinely safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of farmers.We will carry out reform of the household registration system and relax requirements for household registration in towns and small and medium-sized cities.We will solve employment and living problems rural migrant workers face in cities and towns in a planned and step-by-step manner, and gradually ensure that they receive the same treatment as urban residents in areas such as pay, children's education, healthcare, housing, and social security.We will further increase spending on the development of rural work and living facilities, begin a new round of upgrades of rural power grids, expand the construction of rural methane facilities, provide safe drinking water to another 60 million rural people, carry out the project to build a clean countryside, and improve working and living conditions there.We will allow eligible workers who have left agricultural work to gradually become urban residents, and develop a beautiful rural environment where farmers can live a happy life.4.Fully implementing the strategies of reinvigorating China through science and education and strengthening the nation through human resource development

Education, science, and human resources are the cornerstones of national prosperity and rejuvenation, and are also at the core of overall national strength.We will give high priority to the development of education.For a country to become strong, it must first strengthen education.First-class education is a prerequisite for cultivating high-caliber personnel and building a great country.We will promptly begin to implement the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Program for Education Reform and Development.We will focus on the following five areas.First, we will advance education reform.We need to emancipate our minds, boldly make breakthroughs and innovations, encourage experimentation, and carry out a systematic reform of the system for operating schools, curricula, teaching methods, and evaluation systems.We will continue to give top priority to cultivating the integrity of students and vigorously promote well-rounded education.We will explore systems of school management and ways of providing education that are suitable for different types of education and the development of people with different skills, so that we run schools better and turn out better graduates.We will encourage nongovernmental sectors to run schools in order to meet people's diverse demands for education.Second, we will promote the balanced development of compulsory education.On the basis of a rational allocation of resources, we will accelerate the renovation of junior secondary school buildings in the central and western regions.We will also accelerate implementation of the nationwide program for safe primary and secondary school buildings, and ensure that buildings, equipment and teaching staff in all schools reach established standards as soon as possible.We will provide multimedia distance learning facilities for rural primary and secondary schools so that children living in the vast rural and remote areas have access to quality education resources.We will improve preschool education and develop special education schools.We will increase educational support for ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas.Third, we will continue to strengthen vocational education.With the goal of helping students find jobs, we will integrate education resources, improve teaching methods, and focus on nurturing students' employability and entrepreneurial abilities.Fourth, we will reform the management and admissions systems of institutions of higher learning.We will give them more decision-making power, encourage them to adjust their majors and curricula to meet employment needs and the needs of economic and social development;more intimately integrate personnel training, scientific and technological innovation, and academic development;inspire their teachers to concentrate on education;and become high-level universities with their own distinctive features.We will develop a number of first-class universities that produce outstanding personnel.The central government will increase support for the development of higher education in the central and western regions.Fifth, we will improve the ranks of our teachers.We will take a variety of measures to attract outstanding personnel to pursue careers in education and devote their lives to it.We will focus on strengthening training for teachers and principals of rural compulsory education schools, and encourage excellent teachers to teach in impoverished rural areas.We will intensify education to improve the professional ethics of our teachers, and enhance their sense of responsibility and mission.Hundreds of millions of families place their hopes for a better life on education, and education has a direct bearing on the quality of the nation and the future of the country.A country cannot become strong and prosperous if it does not make education universal and improve its quality.We must always keep this in mind.We will vigorously develop science and technology.We need to earnestly implement the policy of independent innovation, and comprehensively build an innovative country.We need to accelerate the implementation of our major science and technology programs.We need to concentrate on making breakthroughs in key scientific and technological problems that can drive the technological revolution forward and promote industrial invigoration, in major scientific and technological problems related to public welfare that can improve people's health and the quality of their lives, and in problems in strategic, high-tech fields that can enhance our country's international competitiveness and safeguard our national security.We will make farsighted arrangements for basic research and research in cutting-edge technologies in the fields of biology, nanoscience, quantum control, information networks, climate change, aerospace and oceanography.We will deepen the reform of the system for managing science and technology;strive to bridge the gap between science and technology and the economy;promote the development of a system of technological innovation in which enterprises play the leading role, the market provides orientation, and the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes are integrated;and promote optimal allocation, open sharing, and highly efficient use of scientific and technological resources.We will vigorously implement the strategy for intellectual property rights and strengthen the creation, application and protection of them.We will further arouse the creativity of scientists, engineers and all of society.We will accelerate the development of human resources.Talented personnel are the primary resources.We need to develop all types of human resources in a coordinated and all-round way, with the focus on producing innovative scientists and engineers, and experts and professionals in key areas of economic and social development, and energetically attract high-caliber personnel from overseas.We will set up a mechanism for diversifying funding for personnel training, so that the government, nongovernmental bodies, employers and employees all do their part.We will make full use of the basic role of market forces in allocating human resources, strive to create an institutional environment conducive to bringing forth talented people in large numbers and tapping their full potential, and make our country rich in human resources.

第五篇：2011年溫家寶政府工作報(bào)告全文（范文）

2011年溫家寶政府工作報(bào)告全文

[溫家寶]各位代表：現(xiàn)在，我代表國(guó)務(wù)院，向大會(huì)作政府工作報(bào)告，請(qǐng)各位代表審議，并請(qǐng)全國(guó)政協(xié)委員提出意見。

一、“十一五”時(shí)期國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的回顧

這五年，我國(guó)社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力、綜合國(guó)力顯著提高。我們有效應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)沖擊，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，勝利完成“十一五”規(guī)劃的主要目標(biāo)和任務(wù)，國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)邁上新的臺(tái)階。

國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值達(dá)到39.8萬(wàn)億元，年均增長(zhǎng)11.2%，財(cái)政收入從3.16萬(wàn)億元增加到8.31萬(wàn)億元。載人航天、探月工程、超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)等前沿科技實(shí)現(xiàn)重大突破。國(guó)防和軍隊(duì)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得重大成就。

這五年，各項(xiàng)社會(huì)事業(yè)加快發(fā)展、人民生活明顯改善。教育、科技、文化、衛(wèi)生、體育事業(yè)全面進(jìn)步。城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)5771萬(wàn)人，轉(zhuǎn)移農(nóng)業(yè)勞動(dòng)力4500萬(wàn)人；城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入和農(nóng)村居民人均純收入年均分別實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)9.7%和8.9%；覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)的社會(huì)保障體系逐步健全。

這些輝煌成就，充分顯示了中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義的優(yōu)越性，展現(xiàn)了改革開放的偉大力量，極大增強(qiáng)了全國(guó)各族人民的自信心和自豪感，增強(qiáng)了中華民族的凝聚力和向心力，必將激勵(lì)我們?cè)谛碌臍v史征程上奮勇前進(jìn)。

五年來(lái)，我們主要做了以下工作：

（一）加強(qiáng)和改善宏觀調(diào)控，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。我們注重把握宏觀調(diào)控的方向、重點(diǎn)和力度，牢牢掌握經(jīng)濟(jì)工作的主動(dòng)權(quán)。

“十一五”前期，針對(duì)投資增長(zhǎng)過(guò)快、貿(mào)易順差過(guò)大、流動(dòng)性過(guò)剩，以及結(jié)構(gòu)性、輸入性物價(jià)上漲等問(wèn)題，采取正確的政策措施，有效防止了苗頭性問(wèn)題演變成趨勢(shì)性問(wèn)題、局部性問(wèn)題演變成全局性問(wèn)題。

近兩年，面對(duì)百年罕見的國(guó)際金融危機(jī)沖擊，我們沉著應(yīng)對(duì)、科學(xué)決策，果斷實(shí)行積極的財(cái)政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策。堅(jiān)持實(shí)施一攬子計(jì)劃，大規(guī)模增加政府支出和實(shí)行結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅，大范圍實(shí)施重點(diǎn)產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)整振興規(guī)劃，大力推進(jìn)自主創(chuàng)新和加強(qiáng)科技支撐，大幅度提高社會(huì)保障水平。

堅(jiān)持?jǐn)U大內(nèi)需的戰(zhàn)略方針，采取鼓勵(lì)消費(fèi)的一系列政策措施，增加城鄉(xiāng)居民特別是低收入群眾收入，消費(fèi)規(guī)模持續(xù)擴(kuò)大，結(jié)構(gòu)不斷升級(jí)。實(shí)施兩年新增4萬(wàn)億元的投資計(jì)劃，其中，新增中央投資1.18萬(wàn)億元。

保障性安居工程、農(nóng)村民生工程和社會(huì)事業(yè)投資占43.7%，自主創(chuàng)新、結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、節(jié)能減排和生態(tài)建設(shè)占15.3%，重大基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)占23.6%，災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建占14.8%。

政府投資引導(dǎo)帶動(dòng)社會(huì)投資，國(guó)內(nèi)需求大幅增加，有效彌補(bǔ)外需缺口，較短時(shí)間內(nèi)扭轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增速下滑趨勢(shì)，在世界率先實(shí)現(xiàn)回升向好，既戰(zhàn)勝了特殊困難、有力地保障和改善了民生，又為長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。

（二）毫不放松地做好“三農(nóng)”工作，鞏固和加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)。中央財(cái)政“三農(nóng)”投入累計(jì)近3萬(wàn)億元，年均增幅超過(guò)23%。徹底取消農(nóng)業(yè)稅和各種收費(fèi)，結(jié)束了農(nóng)民種田交稅的歷史，每年減輕農(nóng)民負(fù)擔(dān)超過(guò)1335億元。

建立種糧農(nóng)民補(bǔ)貼制度和主產(chǎn)區(qū)利益補(bǔ)償機(jī)制，農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)補(bǔ)貼資金去年達(dá)到1226億元。對(duì)重點(diǎn)糧食品種實(shí)行最低收購(gòu)價(jià)和臨時(shí)收儲(chǔ)政策，小麥、稻谷最低收購(gòu)價(jià)提高了25%到40%。嚴(yán)格保護(hù)耕地。著力推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)科技進(jìn)步。

糧食產(chǎn)量屢創(chuàng)歷史新高，去年達(dá)到1.09萬(wàn)億斤，連續(xù)7年增產(chǎn)；農(nóng)民人均純收入達(dá)到5919元，實(shí)現(xiàn)持續(xù)較快增長(zhǎng)。農(nóng)村綜合改革穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)，集體林權(quán)制度改革、國(guó)有農(nóng)場(chǎng)管理體制改革全面推開。

農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施加快建設(shè)，完成7356座大中型和重點(diǎn)小型水庫(kù)除險(xiǎn)加固，解決2.15億農(nóng)村人口飲水安全問(wèn)題，農(nóng)民的日子越過(guò)越好，農(nóng)村發(fā)展進(jìn)入一個(gè)新時(shí)代。

（三）大力推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，提高經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)質(zhì)量和效益。一是加快產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和自主創(chuàng)新。積極推進(jìn)企業(yè)技術(shù)改造和兼并重組，工業(yè)特別是裝備制造業(yè)總體水平和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力明顯提高。

戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)迅速成長(zhǎng)。加快建設(shè)國(guó)家創(chuàng)新體系，實(shí)施知識(shí)創(chuàng)新工程和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新工程，突破了一批產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展急需的前沿技術(shù)、核心技術(shù)和關(guān)鍵裝備技術(shù)，一大批科研成果實(shí)現(xiàn)了產(chǎn)業(yè)化。

服務(wù)業(yè)快速發(fā)展，在國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值中占比提高2.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)明顯加快，五年建成鐵路新線1.6萬(wàn)公里，新增公路63.9萬(wàn)公里，其中高速公路3.3萬(wàn)公里，新建、改擴(kuò)建機(jī)場(chǎng)33個(gè)，新建和加固堤防1.7萬(wàn)公里。

二是扎實(shí)推進(jìn)節(jié)能減排、生態(tài)建設(shè)和環(huán)境保護(hù)。提出到2020年我國(guó)控制溫室氣體排放行動(dòng)目標(biāo)和政策措施，制定實(shí)施節(jié)能減排綜合性工作方案。大力發(fā)展清潔能源，新增發(fā)電裝機(jī)容量4.45億千瓦，其中水電9601萬(wàn)千瓦、核電384萬(wàn)千瓦。

關(guān)停小火電機(jī)組7210萬(wàn)千瓦，淘汰了一批落后的煤炭、鋼鐵、水泥、焦炭產(chǎn)能。推進(jìn)林業(yè)重點(diǎn)生態(tài)工程建設(shè)，完成造林2529萬(wàn)公頃。綜合治理水土流失面積23萬(wàn)平方公里，加強(qiáng)重點(diǎn)流域水污染防治、大氣污染防治和工業(yè)“三廢”治理。大力發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)。五年累計(jì)，單位國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降19.1%，化學(xué)需氧量、二氧化硫排放量分別下降12.45%、14.29%。

三是促進(jìn)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。落實(shí)區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略，頒布實(shí)施全國(guó)主體功能區(qū)規(guī)劃，制定西部大開發(fā)新十年指導(dǎo)意見和一系列區(qū)域發(fā)展規(guī)劃，推出促進(jìn)西藏和四省藏區(qū)、新疆等民族地區(qū)跨越式發(fā)展的新舉措。

中西部和東北地區(qū)發(fā)展加快，經(jīng)濟(jì)增速等主要指標(biāo)超過(guò)全國(guó)平均水平；東部地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)不斷優(yōu)化，自主創(chuàng)新和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力逐步提高；地區(qū)間基本公共服務(wù)差距趨于縮小，各具特色的區(qū)域發(fā)展格局初步形成。

（四）堅(jiān)定不移深化改革開放，增強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展內(nèi)在活力。財(cái)政轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度逐步完善，縣級(jí)基本財(cái)力保障機(jī)制初步建立。增值稅轉(zhuǎn)型全面實(shí)施，成品油價(jià)格和稅費(fèi)改革順利推進(jìn)，資源稅改革啟動(dòng)試點(diǎn)，內(nèi)外資企業(yè)稅制全面統(tǒng)一。

國(guó)有大型商業(yè)銀行股份制改革順利完成，政策性金融機(jī)構(gòu)改革、農(nóng)村信用社改革積極推進(jìn)；平穩(wěn)解決上市公司股權(quán)分置問(wèn)題，創(chuàng)業(yè)板、股指期貨和融資融券順利推出，債券市場(chǎng)穩(wěn)步發(fā)展；深入推進(jìn)保險(xiǎn)業(yè)改革開放；人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制改革有序推進(jìn)，跨境貿(mào)易人民幣結(jié)算試點(diǎn)不斷擴(kuò)大。國(guó)有企業(yè)公司制股份制改革、國(guó)有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)管體制改革取得積極進(jìn)展。

郵政體制改革加快推進(jìn)。制定實(shí)施促進(jìn)中小企業(yè)發(fā)展和民間投資的一系列政策，非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展環(huán)境不斷改善，多種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)共同發(fā)展。

不斷拓展對(duì)外開放的廣度和深度。進(jìn)出口總額年均增長(zhǎng)15.9%，結(jié)構(gòu)不斷優(yōu)化。貿(mào)易順差連續(xù)兩年下降，2010年比上年減少6.4%。利用外資水平進(jìn)一步提高。企業(yè)“走出去”步伐明顯加快，累計(jì)對(duì)外直接投資2200億美元，對(duì)外工程承包和勞務(wù)合作營(yíng)業(yè)額3352億美元。

積極參與全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理機(jī)制改革和區(qū)域合作機(jī)制建設(shè)，多邊、雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)合作繼續(xù)深化。對(duì)外援助規(guī)模持續(xù)擴(kuò)大。對(duì)外開放有力促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，增加了就業(yè)，吸收了先進(jìn)技術(shù)和管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)，大大提高了我國(guó)的國(guó)際地位。

（五）加快發(fā)展社會(huì)事業(yè)，切實(shí)保障和改善民生。始終堅(jiān)持經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與社會(huì)發(fā)展相協(xié)調(diào)，圍繞改善民生謀發(fā)展。把就業(yè)放在經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的優(yōu)先位置。加強(qiáng)職業(yè)培訓(xùn)和就業(yè)服務(wù)，促進(jìn)高校畢業(yè)生、農(nóng)村轉(zhuǎn)移勞動(dòng)力、城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)困難人員就業(yè)，做好退役軍人就業(yè)安置工作。

實(shí)施勞動(dòng)合同法和就業(yè)促進(jìn)法，普遍提高最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，推動(dòng)建立和諧勞動(dòng)關(guān)系。覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)的社會(huì)保障體系建設(shè)取得突破性進(jìn)展，城鎮(zhèn)職工基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)實(shí)現(xiàn)省級(jí)統(tǒng)籌，實(shí)施養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)關(guān)系跨省轉(zhuǎn)移接續(xù)辦法，連續(xù)7年提高企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金水平，年均增長(zhǎng)10%，新型農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)覆蓋24%的縣。

積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革，全面建立城鎮(zhèn)居民基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)制度、新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度，惠及4.32億城鎮(zhèn)職工和城鎮(zhèn)居民、8.35億農(nóng)村居民。

最低生活保障制度實(shí)現(xiàn)全覆蓋，城鄉(xiāng)社會(huì)救助體系基本建立，社會(huì)福利、優(yōu)撫安置、慈善和殘疾人事業(yè)取得新進(jìn)展。全國(guó)社會(huì)保障基金積累7810億元，比五年前增加5800多億元。大力實(shí)施保障性住房

建設(shè)和棚戶區(qū)改造，使1100萬(wàn)戶困難家庭住上了新房。我們要持之以恒，努力讓全體人民老有所養(yǎng)、病有所醫(yī)、住有所居。

制定和實(shí)施國(guó)家中長(zhǎng)期教育改革和發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要。五年全國(guó)財(cái)政教育支出累計(jì)4.45萬(wàn)億元，年均增長(zhǎng)22.4%。全面實(shí)現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)免費(fèi)義務(wù)教育，所有適齡兒童都能“不花錢、有學(xué)上”。義務(wù)教育階段教師績(jī)效工資制度全面實(shí)施。

中等職業(yè)教育對(duì)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)困難家庭、城市低收入家庭和涉農(nóng)專業(yè)的學(xué)生實(shí)行免費(fèi)。加快實(shí)施國(guó)家助學(xué)制度，財(cái)政投入從2006年的18億元增加到2010年的306億元，覆蓋面從高等學(xué)校擴(kuò)大到中等職業(yè)學(xué)校和普通高中，共資助學(xué)生2130萬(wàn)名，還為1200多萬(wàn)名義務(wù)教育寄宿生提供生活補(bǔ)助。

加快農(nóng)村中小學(xué)危房改造和職業(yè)教育基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。全面提高高等教育質(zhì)量和水平，增強(qiáng)高校創(chuàng)新能力。制定并實(shí)施國(guó)家中長(zhǎng)期科學(xué)和技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要，中央財(cái)政科技投入6197億元，年均增長(zhǎng)22.7%，取得了一系列重大成果。

大力加強(qiáng)基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)能力建設(shè)。國(guó)家財(cái)政安排專項(xiàng)資金，改造和新建2.3萬(wàn)所鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院、1500所縣醫(yī)院、500所縣中醫(yī)院和1000所縣婦幼保健院，建立了2400所社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心。制定并實(shí)施國(guó)家中長(zhǎng)期人才發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要。人口規(guī)劃目標(biāo)順利實(shí)現(xiàn)。

文化體制改革取得重要進(jìn)展。公共文化服務(wù)體系建設(shè)明顯加快，文化產(chǎn)業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展。哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)和新聞出版、廣播電視、文學(xué)藝術(shù)繁榮進(jìn)步。城鄉(xiāng)公共體育設(shè)施建設(shè)加快，全民健身活動(dòng)蔚然成風(fēng)。法制建設(shè)全面推進(jìn)，“五五”普法順利完成。創(chuàng)新和加強(qiáng)社會(huì)管理，社會(huì)保持和諧穩(wěn)定。

抗擊汶川特大地震等嚴(yán)重自然災(zāi)害的斗爭(zhēng)取得重大勝利，汶川災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建三年任務(wù)兩年基本完成，玉樹強(qiáng)烈地震和舟曲特大山洪泥石流災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建有序推進(jìn)。經(jīng)過(guò)災(zāi)難的洗禮，中國(guó)人民更加成熟、自信、堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，中華民族百折不撓、自強(qiáng)不息的偉大精神不可戰(zhàn)勝。（掌聲）

五年來(lái)，我們不斷深化行政管理體制改革，加快轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能，全面完成了新一輪政府機(jī)構(gòu)改革，深入推進(jìn)依法行政，建設(shè)法治政府和服務(wù)型政府，推進(jìn)政務(wù)公開，加強(qiáng)行政問(wèn)責(zé)，堅(jiān)持不懈地開展反腐敗斗爭(zhēng)，政府自身建設(shè)取得積極進(jìn)展。

過(guò)去年，我們是一步一個(gè)腳印走過(guò)來(lái)的，中國(guó)人民有理由為此感到自豪！（掌聲）五年的成績(jī)來(lái)之不易。這是以胡錦濤同志為總書記的黨中央總攬全局、正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的結(jié)果，是全黨全國(guó)各族人民共同努力奮斗的結(jié)果。

在這里，我代表國(guó)務(wù)院，向全國(guó)各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團(tuán)體和各界人士，表示誠(chéng)摯感謝！（掌聲）向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞、臺(tái)灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠(chéng)摯感謝！（掌聲）向關(guān)心和支持中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的各國(guó)政府、國(guó)際組織和各國(guó)朋友，表示誠(chéng)摯感謝！（掌聲）

我們清醒地認(rèn)識(shí)到，我國(guó)發(fā)展中不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)的問(wèn)題依然突出。主要是：經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的資源環(huán)境約束強(qiáng)化，投資與消費(fèi)關(guān)系失衡，收入分配差距較大，科技創(chuàng)新能力不強(qiáng)，產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理，農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)仍然薄弱，城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域發(fā)展不協(xié)調(diào)，就業(yè)總量壓力和結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾并存，制約科學(xué)發(fā)展的體制機(jī)制障礙依然較多；服務(wù)業(yè)增加值和就業(yè)比重、研究與試驗(yàn)發(fā)展經(jīng)費(fèi)支出占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重沒有完成“十一五”規(guī)劃目標(biāo)。

一些群眾反映強(qiáng)烈的問(wèn)題沒有根本解決，主要是：優(yōu)質(zhì)教育、醫(yī)療資源總量不足、分布不均；物價(jià)上漲壓力加大，部分城市房?jī)r(jià)漲幅過(guò)高；違法征地拆遷等引發(fā)的社會(huì)矛盾增多；食品安全問(wèn)題比較突出；一些領(lǐng)域腐敗現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重。我們一定要以對(duì)國(guó)家和人民高度負(fù)責(zé)的精神，通過(guò)艱苦細(xì)致的工作和堅(jiān)持不懈的努力，加快解決這些問(wèn)題，讓人民滿意。（掌聲）

回顧“十一五”時(shí)期的政府工作，我們進(jìn)一步加深了以下幾個(gè)方面的認(rèn)識(shí)和體會(huì)。

一是必須堅(jiān)持科學(xué)發(fā)展。我們戰(zhàn)勝各種嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)，靠的是發(fā)展；各領(lǐng)域取得的一切成就和進(jìn)步，靠的是發(fā)展；解決前進(jìn)道路上的困難和問(wèn)題，仍然要靠發(fā)展。

我國(guó)仍處于并將長(zhǎng)期處于社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段，必須堅(jiān)持以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心，堅(jiān)持科學(xué)發(fā)展。要以人為本，把保障和改善民生作為一切工作的出發(fā)點(diǎn)和落腳點(diǎn)，堅(jiān)定不移走共同富裕道路，使發(fā)展成果惠及

全體人民；堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)籌兼顧，促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域、經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展；加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，大力推進(jìn)自主創(chuàng)新，節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境，使經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展與人口資源環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)，提高發(fā)展的全面性、協(xié)調(diào)性和可持續(xù)性。

二是必須堅(jiān)持政府調(diào)控與市場(chǎng)機(jī)制有機(jī)統(tǒng)一。健全的市場(chǎng)機(jī)制，有效的宏觀調(diào)控，都是社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制不可或缺的重要組成部分。市場(chǎng)作用多一些還是政府作用多一些，必須相機(jī)抉擇。在應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)沖擊中，我們加強(qiáng)和改善宏觀調(diào)控，及時(shí)糾正市場(chǎng)扭曲，彌補(bǔ)市場(chǎng)失靈，防止經(jīng)濟(jì)出現(xiàn)大的起落，實(shí)踐證明是完全正確的。

我們必須不斷完善社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制，充分發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)在資源配置中的基礎(chǔ)性作用，激發(fā)經(jīng)濟(jì)的內(nèi)在活力，同時(shí)，科學(xué)運(yùn)用宏觀調(diào)控手段，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。

三是必須堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)籌國(guó)內(nèi)國(guó)際兩個(gè)大局。在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化深入發(fā)展和對(duì)外開放不斷深化的條件下，我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)同世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的聯(lián)系日益緊密，互動(dòng)和依存不斷增強(qiáng)。必須樹立世界眼光，加強(qiáng)戰(zhàn)略思維，善于從國(guó)際形勢(shì)發(fā)展變化中充分把握發(fā)展機(jī)遇，穩(wěn)妥應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)，利用好國(guó)內(nèi)國(guó)際兩個(gè)市場(chǎng)、兩種資源，統(tǒng)籌處理好國(guó)內(nèi)發(fā)展與對(duì)外開放關(guān)系，真正做到內(nèi)外兼顧、均衡發(fā)展。

四是必須堅(jiān)持把改革開放作為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的根本動(dòng)力。改革開放是實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)家強(qiáng)盛、人民幸福的必由之路，必須貫穿社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)全過(guò)程。我們要以更大的決心和勇氣推進(jìn)改革，提高改革決策的科學(xué)性，增強(qiáng)改革措施的協(xié)調(diào)性，全面推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、文化、社會(huì)等各方面改革創(chuàng)新，從根本上破除體制機(jī)制障礙，最大限度解放和發(fā)展生產(chǎn)力，促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平正義。

要堅(jiān)持把改善人民生活作為正確處理改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定關(guān)系的結(jié)合點(diǎn)，把改革的力度、發(fā)展的速度和社會(huì)可承受的程度統(tǒng)一起來(lái)，以改革促進(jìn)和諧穩(wěn)定，確保人民安居樂(lè)業(yè)、社會(huì)安寧有序、國(guó)家長(zhǎng)治久安。

二、“十二五”時(shí)期的主要目標(biāo)和任務(wù)

根據(jù)《中共中央關(guān)于制定國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展第十二個(gè)五年規(guī)劃的建議》，我們編制了《國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展第十二個(gè)五年規(guī)劃綱要（草案）》，提交大會(huì)審議。

“十二五”是全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期，是深化改革開放、加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式的攻堅(jiān)時(shí)期。從國(guó)際看，世界多極化、經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化深入發(fā)展，和平、發(fā)展、合作仍是時(shí)代潮流。國(guó)際金融危機(jī)影響深遠(yuǎn)，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)加快調(diào)整，全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理機(jī)制深刻變革，科技創(chuàng)新和產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型孕育突破，發(fā)展中國(guó)家特別是新興市場(chǎng)國(guó)家整體實(shí)力步入上升期。

從國(guó)內(nèi)看，我國(guó)發(fā)展的有利條件和長(zhǎng)期向好的趨勢(shì)沒有改變，工業(yè)化、信息化、城鎮(zhèn)化、市場(chǎng)化、國(guó)際化深入發(fā)展，市場(chǎng)需求潛力巨大，資金供給充裕，科技和教育水平整體提升，勞動(dòng)力素質(zhì)提高，基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施日益完善，政府宏觀調(diào)控和應(yīng)對(duì)重大挑戰(zhàn)的能力明顯增強(qiáng)，社會(huì)大局保持穩(wěn)定。綜合判斷國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)形勢(shì)，我國(guó)發(fā)展仍處于可以大有作為的重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期。

我們要高舉中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟，以鄧小平理論和“三個(gè)代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，適應(yīng)國(guó)內(nèi)外形勢(shì)新變化，順應(yīng)各族人民過(guò)上更好生活新期待，以科學(xué)發(fā)展為主題，以加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式為主線，深化改革開放，保障和改善民生，鞏固和擴(kuò)大應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)沖擊成果，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展和社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定，為全面建成小康社會(huì)打下具有決定性意義的基礎(chǔ)。

我們要推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展再上新臺(tái)階。今后五年，我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)預(yù)期目標(biāo)是在明顯提高質(zhì)量和效益的基礎(chǔ)上年均增長(zhǎng)7%。按2010年價(jià)格計(jì)算，2015年國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值將超過(guò)55萬(wàn)億元。

要繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)和改善宏觀調(diào)控，保持價(jià)格總水平基本穩(wěn)定，把短期調(diào)控政策和長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展政策結(jié)合起來(lái)，堅(jiān)持實(shí)施擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需戰(zhàn)略，充分挖掘我國(guó)內(nèi)需的巨大潛力，加快形成消費(fèi)、投資、出口協(xié)調(diào)拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的新局面。

我們要加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式和調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)。堅(jiān)持走中國(guó)特色新型工業(yè)化道路，推動(dòng)信息化和工業(yè)化深度融合，改造提升制造業(yè)，培育發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)。加快發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)，服務(wù)業(yè)增加值在國(guó)內(nèi)生 4

產(chǎn)總值中的比重提高4個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化，城鎮(zhèn)化率從47.5％提高到51.5%，完善城市化布局和形態(tài)，不斷提升城鎮(zhèn)化的質(zhì)量和水平。繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，進(jìn)一步夯實(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)。

大力發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)，加快社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)。深入實(shí)施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略和主體功能區(qū)戰(zhàn)略，逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化。促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域良性互動(dòng)，一二三產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。

我們要大力發(fā)展社會(huì)事業(yè)。堅(jiān)持優(yōu)先發(fā)展教育，穩(wěn)步提升全民受教育程度。堅(jiān)持自主創(chuàng)新、重點(diǎn)跨越、支撐發(fā)展、引領(lǐng)未來(lái)的方針，完善科技創(chuàng)新體系和支持政策，著力推進(jìn)重大科學(xué)技術(shù)突破。研究與試驗(yàn)發(fā)展經(jīng)費(fèi)支出占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重達(dá)到2.2%，促進(jìn)科技成果更好地轉(zhuǎn)化為生產(chǎn)力。適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)需要，加強(qiáng)人才培養(yǎng)，努力造就規(guī)模宏大的高素質(zhì)人才隊(duì)伍。

大力加強(qiáng)文化建設(shè)，推動(dòng)文化改革發(fā)展實(shí)現(xiàn)新跨越，滿足人民群眾不斷增長(zhǎng)的精神文化需求。大力發(fā)展體育事業(yè)。進(jìn)一步深化醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革，健全基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生制度，加快實(shí)現(xiàn)人人享有基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)的目標(biāo)。創(chuàng)新社會(huì)管理體制機(jī)制，加強(qiáng)社會(huì)管理法律、體制、能力建設(shè)，確保社會(huì)既充滿活力又和諧穩(wěn)定。

我們要扎實(shí)推進(jìn)資源節(jié)約和環(huán)境保護(hù)。積極應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化。加強(qiáng)資源節(jié)約和管理，提高資源保障能力，加大耕地保護(hù)、環(huán)境保護(hù)力度，加強(qiáng)生態(tài)建設(shè)和防災(zāi)減災(zāi)體系建設(shè)，全面增強(qiáng)可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力。

非化石能源占一次能源消費(fèi)比重提高到11.4%，單位國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗和二氧化碳排放分別降低16%和17%，主要污染物排放總量減少8%至10%，森林蓄積量增加6億立方米，森林覆蓋率達(dá)到21.66%。切實(shí)加強(qiáng)水利基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，推進(jìn)大江大河重要支流、湖泊和中小河流治理，明顯提高基本農(nóng)田灌溉、水資源有效利用水平和防洪能力。

我們要全面改善人民生活。堅(jiān)持把增加就業(yè)作為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的優(yōu)先目標(biāo)，為全體勞動(dòng)者創(chuàng)造公平的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，五年城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)4500萬(wàn)人。堅(jiān)持和完善按勞分配為主體、多種分配方式并存的分配制度，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)居民收入增長(zhǎng)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展同步、勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬增長(zhǎng)和勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率提高同步，逐步提高居民收入在國(guó)民收入分配中的比重，提高勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬在初次分配中的比重，加快形成合理的收入分配格局。

城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入和農(nóng)村居民人均純收入年均實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)超過(guò)7%。提高扶貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，減少貧困人口。加快完善社會(huì)保障制度，進(jìn)一步提高保障水平。城鄉(xiāng)基本養(yǎng)老、基本醫(yī)療保障制度實(shí)現(xiàn)全覆蓋，提高并穩(wěn)定城鄉(xiāng)三項(xiàng)基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)參保率，政策范圍內(nèi)的醫(yī)保基金支付水平提高到70%以上，全國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)保障性住房覆蓋面達(dá)到20%左右。堅(jiān)持計(jì)劃生育基本國(guó)策，逐步完善政策，促進(jìn)人口長(zhǎng)期均衡發(fā)展，人均預(yù)期壽命提高1歲。

我們要全面深化改革開放。更加重視改革頂層設(shè)計(jì)和總體規(guī)劃，大力推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革，積極穩(wěn)妥地推進(jìn)政治體制改革，加快推進(jìn)文化體制、社會(huì)體制改革，不斷完善社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制，擴(kuò)大社會(huì)主義民主，完善社會(huì)主義法制，使上層建筑更加適應(yīng)經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)發(fā)展變化，為科學(xué)發(fā)展提供有力保障。

堅(jiān)持和完善基本經(jīng)濟(jì)制度，營(yíng)造各種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)依法平等使用生產(chǎn)要素、公平參與市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、同等受到法律保護(hù)的體制環(huán)境。加快財(cái)稅金融體制改革，積極構(gòu)建有利于轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式的財(cái)稅體制，構(gòu)建組織多元、服務(wù)高效、監(jiān)管審慎、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可控的金融體系。

深化資源性產(chǎn)品價(jià)格和環(huán)保收費(fèi)改革，建立健全能夠靈活反映市場(chǎng)供求關(guān)系、資源稀缺程度和環(huán)境損害成本的資源性產(chǎn)品價(jià)格形成機(jī)制。實(shí)施更加積極主動(dòng)的開放戰(zhàn)略，培育參與國(guó)際合作與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)新優(yōu)勢(shì)，進(jìn)一步形成互利共贏的開放新格局。

我們要不斷加強(qiáng)政府自身改革建設(shè)。政府的一切權(quán)力都是人民賦予的，必須對(duì)人民負(fù)責(zé)，為人民謀利益，接受人民監(jiān)督；必須最廣泛地動(dòng)員和組織人民依法管理國(guó)家和社會(huì)事務(wù)，管理經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化事業(yè)；必須堅(jiān)持依法治國(guó)基本方略，加強(qiáng)維護(hù)群眾利益的法規(guī)建設(shè)，推進(jìn)依法行政；必須實(shí)行科學(xué)、民主決策，建立健全決策、執(zhí)行、監(jiān)督既相互制約又相互協(xié)調(diào)的運(yùn)行機(jī)制，確保權(quán)力正確行使；必須從制度上改變權(quán)力過(guò)分集中而又得不到制約的狀況，堅(jiān)決懲治和預(yù)防腐敗；必須保障人民的民主權(quán)利和合法權(quán)益，維護(hù)社會(huì)公平正義。

總之，經(jīng)過(guò)未來(lái)五年努力，實(shí)現(xiàn)“十二五”規(guī)劃的各項(xiàng)目標(biāo)，我國(guó)的綜合國(guó)力就會(huì)有更大的提升，人民生活就會(huì)有更大的改善，國(guó)家面貌就會(huì)發(fā)生更大的變化。（掌聲）

三、2011年的工作

2011年，是“十二五”開局之年，做好今年的工作對(duì)于完成“十二五”各項(xiàng)目標(biāo)任務(wù)至關(guān)重要。過(guò)去一年，我們的各項(xiàng)工作取得了很大成績(jī)。

國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長(zhǎng)10.3%，居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格漲幅控制在3.3%，城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1168萬(wàn)人，國(guó)際收支狀況有所改善。這為做好今年的工作打下了良好基礎(chǔ)。

今年，我國(guó)發(fā)展面臨的形勢(shì)依然極其復(fù)雜。世界經(jīng)濟(jì)將繼續(xù)緩慢復(fù)蘇，但復(fù)蘇的基礎(chǔ)不牢。發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)乏力，失業(yè)率居高難下，一些國(guó)家主權(quán)債務(wù)危機(jī)隱患仍未消除，主要發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體進(jìn)一步推行寬松貨幣政策，全球流動(dòng)性大量增加，國(guó)際大宗商品價(jià)格合主要貨幣匯率加劇波動(dòng)，新興市場(chǎng)資產(chǎn)泡沫和通脹壓力加大，保護(hù)主義繼續(xù)升溫，國(guó)際市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)更加激烈，不穩(wěn)定不確定因素仍然較多。

我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行中一些長(zhǎng)期問(wèn)題和短期問(wèn)題相互交織，體制性矛盾和結(jié)構(gòu)性問(wèn)題疊加在一起，加大了宏觀調(diào)控難度。我們要準(zhǔn)確判斷形勢(shì)，保持清醒頭腦，增強(qiáng)憂患意識(shí)，做好應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的準(zhǔn)備。

今年國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的主要預(yù)期目標(biāo)是：國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長(zhǎng)8%左右；經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化；居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格總水平漲幅控制在4%左右；城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)900萬(wàn)人以上，城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率控制在4.6%以內(nèi)；國(guó)際收支狀況繼續(xù)改善。

總的考慮是，為轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式創(chuàng)造良好環(huán)境，引導(dǎo)各方面把工作著力點(diǎn)放在加快經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、提高發(fā)展質(zhì)量和效益上，放在增加就業(yè)、改善民生、促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧上。

實(shí)現(xiàn)上述目標(biāo)，要保持宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的連續(xù)性、穩(wěn)定性，提高針對(duì)性、靈活性、有效性，處理好保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)、管理通脹預(yù)期的關(guān)系，更加注重穩(wěn)定物價(jià)總水平，防止經(jīng)濟(jì)出現(xiàn)大的波動(dòng)。

繼續(xù)實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策。保持適當(dāng)?shù)呢?cái)政赤字和國(guó)債規(guī)模。今年擬安排財(cái)政赤字9000億元，其中中央財(cái)政赤字7000億元，繼續(xù)代地方發(fā)債2000億元并納入地方預(yù)算，赤字規(guī)模比上年預(yù)算減少1500億元，赤字率下降到2%左右。

要著力優(yōu)化財(cái)政支出結(jié)構(gòu)，增加“三農(nóng)”、欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)、民生、社會(huì)事業(yè)、結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、科技創(chuàng)新等重點(diǎn)支出；壓縮一般性支出，嚴(yán)格控制黨政機(jī)關(guān)辦公樓等樓堂館所建設(shè)，出國(guó)（境）經(jīng)費(fèi)、車輛購(gòu)置及運(yùn)行費(fèi)、公務(wù)接待費(fèi)等支出原則上零增長(zhǎng)，切實(shí)降低行政成本。

繼續(xù)實(shí)行結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅。依法加強(qiáng)稅收征管。對(duì)地方政府性債務(wù)進(jìn)行全面審計(jì)，實(shí)施全口徑監(jiān)管，研究建立規(guī)范的地方政府舉債融資機(jī)制。

實(shí)施穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策。保持合理的社會(huì)融資規(guī)模，廣義貨幣增長(zhǎng)目標(biāo)為16%。健全宏觀審慎政策框架，綜合運(yùn)用價(jià)格和數(shù)量工具，提高貨幣政策有效性。提高直接融資比重，發(fā)揮好股票、債券、產(chǎn)業(yè)基金等融資工具的作用，更好地滿足多樣化投融資需求。

著力優(yōu)化信貸結(jié)構(gòu)，引導(dǎo)商業(yè)銀行加大對(duì)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和薄弱環(huán)節(jié)的信貸支持，嚴(yán)格控制對(duì)“兩高”行業(yè)和產(chǎn)能過(guò)剩行業(yè)貸款。進(jìn)一步完善人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制。密切監(jiān)控跨境資本流動(dòng)，防范“熱錢”流入。加強(qiáng)儲(chǔ)備資產(chǎn)的投資和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理，提高投資收益。

今年，重點(diǎn)要做好以下幾方面工作。

（一）保持物價(jià)總水平基本穩(wěn)定

當(dāng)前，物價(jià)上漲較快，通脹預(yù)期增強(qiáng)，這個(gè)問(wèn)題涉及民生、關(guān)系全局、影響穩(wěn)定。要把穩(wěn)定物價(jià)總水平作為宏觀調(diào)控的首要任務(wù)，充分發(fā)揮我國(guó)主要工業(yè)品總體供大于求、糧食庫(kù)存充裕、外匯儲(chǔ)備較多等有利條件，努力消除輸入性、結(jié)構(gòu)性通脹因素的不利影響，消化要素成本上漲壓力，正確引導(dǎo)市場(chǎng)預(yù)期，堅(jiān)決抑制價(jià)格上漲勢(shì)頭。

要以經(jīng)濟(jì)和法律手段為主，輔之以必要的行政手段，全面加強(qiáng)價(jià)格調(diào)控和監(jiān)管。一是有效管理市場(chǎng)流動(dòng)性，控制物價(jià)過(guò)快上漲的貨幣條件。把握好政府管理商品和服務(wù)價(jià)格的調(diào)整時(shí)機(jī)、節(jié)奏和力度。

二是大力發(fā)展生產(chǎn)，保障主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品、基本生活必需品、重要生產(chǎn)資料的生產(chǎn)和供應(yīng)。落實(shí)“米袋子”省長(zhǎng)負(fù)責(zé)制和“菜籃子”市長(zhǎng)負(fù)責(zé)制。

三是加強(qiáng)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通體系建設(shè)，積極開展“農(nóng)超對(duì)接”，暢通鮮活農(nóng)產(chǎn)品運(yùn)輸“綠色通道”。完善重要商品儲(chǔ)備制度和主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品臨時(shí)收儲(chǔ)制度，把握好國(guó)家儲(chǔ)備吞吐調(diào)控時(shí)機(jī)，搞好進(jìn)出口調(diào)節(jié)，增強(qiáng)市場(chǎng)調(diào)控能力。

四是加強(qiáng)價(jià)格監(jiān)管，維護(hù)市場(chǎng)秩序。特別要強(qiáng)化價(jià)格執(zhí)法，嚴(yán)肅查處惡意炒作、串通漲價(jià)、哄抬價(jià)格等不法行為。

五是完善補(bǔ)貼制度，建立健全社會(huì)救助和保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與物價(jià)上漲掛鉤的聯(lián)動(dòng)機(jī)制，絕不能讓物價(jià)上漲影響低收入群眾的正常生活。

（二）進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需特別是居民消費(fèi)需求

擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需是我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的長(zhǎng)期戰(zhàn)略方針和基本立足點(diǎn)，也是促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)均衡發(fā)展的根本途徑和內(nèi)在要求。

積極擴(kuò)大消費(fèi)需求。繼續(xù)增加政府用于改善和擴(kuò)大消費(fèi)的支出，增加對(duì)城鎮(zhèn)低收入居民和農(nóng)民的補(bǔ)貼。繼續(xù)實(shí)施家電下鄉(xiāng)和以舊換新政策。

加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村和中小城市商貿(mào)流通、文化體育、旅游、寬帶網(wǎng)絡(luò)等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。大力促進(jìn)文化消費(fèi)、旅游消費(fèi)和養(yǎng)老消費(fèi)。推動(dòng)農(nóng)村商業(yè)連鎖經(jīng)營(yíng)和統(tǒng)一配送，優(yōu)化城鎮(zhèn)商業(yè)網(wǎng)點(diǎn)布局，積極發(fā)展電子商務(wù)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)購(gòu)物、地理信息等新型服務(wù)業(yè)態(tài)。

大力整頓和規(guī)范市場(chǎng)秩序，切實(shí)維護(hù)消費(fèi)者權(quán)益。深入開展打擊侵犯知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)和制售假冒偽劣商品的專項(xiàng)治理行動(dòng)。

大力優(yōu)化投資結(jié)構(gòu)。認(rèn)真落實(shí)國(guó)務(wù)院關(guān)于鼓勵(lì)引導(dǎo)民間投資新36條，抓緊制定公開透明的市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和支持政策，切實(shí)放寬市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入，真正破除各種有形和無(wú)形的壁壘，鼓勵(lì)和引導(dǎo)民間資本進(jìn)入基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、市政公用事業(yè)、社會(huì)事業(yè)、金融服務(wù)等領(lǐng)域，推動(dòng)民營(yíng)企業(yè)加強(qiáng)自主創(chuàng)新和轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)，鼓勵(lì)和引導(dǎo)民間資本重組聯(lián)合和參與國(guó)有企業(yè)改革，加強(qiáng)對(duì)民間投資的服務(wù)、指導(dǎo)和規(guī)范管理，促進(jìn)社會(huì)投資穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)和結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化。

充分發(fā)揮政府投資對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的引導(dǎo)作用，優(yōu)先保證重點(diǎn)在建、續(xù)建項(xiàng)目的資金需求，有序啟動(dòng)“十二五”規(guī)劃重大項(xiàng)目建設(shè)。防止盲目投資和重復(fù)建設(shè)。嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行投資項(xiàng)目用地、節(jié)能、環(huán)保、安全等準(zhǔn)入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，提高投資質(zhì)量和效益。

（三）鞏固和加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)地位

堅(jiān)持把“三農(nóng)”工作放在重中之重，在工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化深入發(fā)展中同步推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化，鞏固和發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村好形勢(shì)。

確保農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供給，多渠道增加農(nóng)民收入。要把保障糧食安全作為首要目標(biāo)，毫不放松地抓好農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)。穩(wěn)定糧食種植面積，支持優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)區(qū)生產(chǎn)棉花、油料、糖料等大宗產(chǎn)品。

大力發(fā)展畜牧業(yè)、漁業(yè)、林業(yè)。切實(shí)抓好新一輪“菜籃子”工程建設(shè)，大中城市郊區(qū)要有基本的菜地面積和生鮮食品供給能力。強(qiáng)化農(nóng)業(yè)科技支撐，發(fā)展壯大農(nóng)作物種業(yè)，大規(guī)模開展高產(chǎn)創(chuàng)建。

繼續(xù)實(shí)施糧食最低收購(gòu)價(jià)政策，今年小麥最低收購(gòu)價(jià)每50公斤提高5到7元，水稻最低收購(gòu)價(jià)每50公斤提高9到23元。大力發(fā)展農(nóng)村非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)，壯大縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)，提高農(nóng)民職業(yè)技能和創(chuàng)業(yè)、創(chuàng)收能力，促進(jìn)農(nóng)民就地就近轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)。提高扶貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，加大扶貧開發(fā)力度。

大興水利，全面加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)農(nóng)田水利建設(shè)、中小河流治理、小型水庫(kù)和病險(xiǎn)水閘除險(xiǎn)加固以及山洪地質(zhì)災(zāi)害防治。

完善排灌設(shè)施，發(fā)展節(jié)水灌溉，加固河流堤防，搞好清瘀疏浚，消除水庫(kù)隱患，擴(kuò)大防洪庫(kù)容。通過(guò)幾年努力，全面提高防汛抗旱、防災(zāi)減災(zāi)能力。

大力推進(jìn)農(nóng)村土地開發(fā)整理，大規(guī)模建設(shè)旱澇保收高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田，加快全國(guó)新增千億斤糧食生產(chǎn)能力建設(shè)。加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村水電路氣房建設(shè)，大力改善農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活條件，努力為農(nóng)民建設(shè)美好家園。

加大“三農(nóng)”投入，完善強(qiáng)農(nóng)惠農(nóng)政策。財(cái)政支出重點(diǎn)向農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村傾斜，確保用于農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村的總量、增量均有提高；預(yù)算內(nèi)固定資產(chǎn)投資重點(diǎn)用于農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，確保總量和比重進(jìn)一步提高；土地出讓收益重點(diǎn)投向農(nóng)業(yè)土地開發(fā)、農(nóng)田水利和農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，確保足額提取、定向使用。

今年中央財(cái)政用于“三農(nóng)”的投入擬安排9884.5億元，比上年增加1304.8億元。繼續(xù)增加對(duì)農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)補(bǔ)貼，新增補(bǔ)貼重點(diǎn)向主產(chǎn)區(qū)、重點(diǎn)品種、專業(yè)大戶、農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作組織傾斜。

增加中央財(cái)政對(duì)糧食、油料、生豬調(diào)出大縣的一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付，擴(kuò)大獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)補(bǔ)助規(guī)模和范圍。引導(dǎo)金融機(jī)構(gòu)增加涉農(nóng)信貸投放，確保涉農(nóng)貸款增量占比不低于上年。

加大政策性金融對(duì)“三農(nóng)”的支持力度。健全政策性農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)制度，建立農(nóng)業(yè)再保險(xiǎn)和巨災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分散機(jī)制。

深化農(nóng)村改革，增強(qiáng)農(nóng)村發(fā)展活力。堅(jiān)持和完善農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營(yíng)制度，健全覆蓋耕地、林地、草原等家庭承包經(jīng)營(yíng)制度。有序推進(jìn)農(nóng)村土地管理制度改革。探索建立耕地保護(hù)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制。

繼續(xù)推進(jìn)農(nóng)村綜合改革。全面實(shí)施村級(jí)公益事業(yè)建設(shè)一事一議財(cái)政獎(jiǎng)補(bǔ)，大幅增加獎(jiǎng)補(bǔ)資金規(guī)模。加快發(fā)展農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作組織和農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)化服務(wù)體系，提高農(nóng)業(yè)組織化程度。

年底前，在全國(guó)普遍建立健全鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)或區(qū)域性農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣、動(dòng)植物疫病防控、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量監(jiān)管等公共服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)。

解決13億中國(guó)人的吃飯問(wèn)題始終是頭等大事，任何時(shí)候都不能掉以輕心。我們有信心也有能力辦好這件大事。（掌聲）

（四）加快推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整

這是轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式的主攻方向。要推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)盡快走上內(nèi)生增長(zhǎng)、創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)的軌道。

調(diào)整優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)。加快構(gòu)建現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)業(yè)體系，推動(dòng)產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)。一是改造提升制造業(yè)。加大企業(yè)技術(shù)改造力度，重點(diǎn)增強(qiáng)新產(chǎn)品開發(fā)能力和品牌創(chuàng)建能力，提高能源資源綜合利用水平、技術(shù)工藝系統(tǒng)集成水平，提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、技術(shù)含量和附加值。

推動(dòng)重點(diǎn)行業(yè)企業(yè)跨地區(qū)兼并重組。完善落后產(chǎn)能退出機(jī)制和配套政策。

二是加快培育發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)。積極發(fā)展新一代信息技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)，建設(shè)高性能寬帶信息網(wǎng)，加快實(shí)現(xiàn)“三網(wǎng)融合”，促進(jìn)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)示范應(yīng)用。大力推動(dòng)節(jié)能環(huán)保、新能源、生物、高端裝備制造、新材料、新能源汽車等產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。

要抓緊制定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，完善政策，加強(qiáng)創(chuàng)新能力建設(shè)，發(fā)揮科技型中小企業(yè)作用，促進(jìn)戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)健康發(fā)展，加快形成生產(chǎn)能力和核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。

三是大力發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)。加快發(fā)展生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)，積極發(fā)展生活性服務(wù)業(yè)。大力發(fā)展和提升軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)。

著力營(yíng)造有利于服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境，加快完善促進(jìn)服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展的政策體系。盡快實(shí)現(xiàn)鼓勵(lì)類服務(wù)業(yè)用電、用水、用氣、用熱與工業(yè)基本同價(jià)。

四是加強(qiáng)現(xiàn)代能源產(chǎn)業(yè)和綜合運(yùn)輸體系建設(shè)。積極推動(dòng)能源生產(chǎn)和利用方式變革，提高能源利用效率。推進(jìn)傳統(tǒng)能源清潔利用，加強(qiáng)智能電網(wǎng)建設(shè)，大力發(fā)展清潔能源。

統(tǒng)籌發(fā)展、加快構(gòu)建便捷、安全、高效的綜合運(yùn)輸體系。堅(jiān)持陸海統(tǒng)籌，推進(jìn)海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。

促進(jìn)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。全面落實(shí)各項(xiàng)區(qū)域發(fā)展規(guī)劃。堅(jiān)持把實(shí)施西部大開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略放在區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略的優(yōu)先位置，認(rèn)真落實(shí)西部大開發(fā)新十年的政策措施和促進(jìn)西藏、新疆等地區(qū)跨越式發(fā)展的各項(xiàng)舉措。

全面振興東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地，繼續(xù)推進(jìn)資源型城市轉(zhuǎn)型。大力促進(jìn)中部地區(qū)崛起，進(jìn)一步發(fā)揮承東啟西的區(qū)位優(yōu)勢(shì)。積極支持東部地區(qū)率先發(fā)展，在體制機(jī)制創(chuàng)新和發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變上走在全國(guó)前列。

更好發(fā)揮深圳等經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)、上海浦東新區(qū)、天津?yàn)I海新區(qū)在改革開放中先行先試的作用。加大力度支持革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)發(fā)展，頒布實(shí)施2011-2020年中國(guó)農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)綱要，啟動(dòng)集中連片特殊困難地區(qū)扶貧開發(fā)攻堅(jiān)工程，加快貧困地區(qū)脫貧致富步伐。

積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化。堅(jiān)持走中國(guó)特色城鎮(zhèn)化道路，遵循城市發(fā)展規(guī)律，促進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化健康發(fā)展。堅(jiān)持科學(xué)規(guī)劃，嚴(yán)格管理。加強(qiáng)城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和公共服務(wù)設(shè)施建設(shè)，增強(qiáng)城鎮(zhèn)綜合承載能力，提高管理和服務(wù)水平。

因地制宜，分步推進(jìn)，把有穩(wěn)定勞動(dòng)關(guān)系并在城鎮(zhèn)居住一定年限的農(nóng)民工，逐步轉(zhuǎn)為城鎮(zhèn)居民。對(duì)暫不具備落戶條件的農(nóng)民工，要解決好他們?cè)趧趧?dòng)報(bào)酬、子女就學(xué)、公共衛(wèi)生、住房租賃、社會(huì)保障等方面的實(shí)際問(wèn)題。

要充分尊重農(nóng)民在進(jìn)城和留鄉(xiāng)問(wèn)題上的自主選擇權(quán)，切實(shí)保護(hù)農(nóng)民承包地、宅基地等合法權(quán)益。城鎮(zhèn)化要同農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化和新農(nóng)村建設(shè)相互促進(jìn)，這是必須堅(jiān)持的正確方向。（掌聲）

加強(qiáng)節(jié)能環(huán)保和生態(tài)建設(shè)，積極應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化。突出抓好工業(yè)、建筑、交通運(yùn)輸、公共機(jī)構(gòu)等領(lǐng)域節(jié)能。繼續(xù)實(shí)施重點(diǎn)節(jié)能工程。大力開展工業(yè)節(jié)能，推廣節(jié)能技術(shù)，運(yùn)用節(jié)能設(shè)備，提高能源利用效率。

加大既有建筑節(jié)能改造投入，積極推進(jìn)新建建筑節(jié)能。大力發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)。推進(jìn)低碳城市試點(diǎn)。加強(qiáng)適應(yīng)氣候變化特別是應(yīng)對(duì)極端氣候事件能力建設(shè)。

建立完善溫室氣體排放和節(jié)能減排統(tǒng)計(jì)監(jiān)測(cè)制度。加快城鎮(zhèn)污水管網(wǎng)、垃圾處理設(shè)施的規(guī)劃和建設(shè)，推廣污水處理回用。啟動(dòng)燃煤電廠脫硝工作，深化顆粒物污染防治。加強(qiáng)海洋污染治理。

加快重點(diǎn)流域水污染治理、大氣污染治理、重點(diǎn)地區(qū)重金屬污染治理和農(nóng)村環(huán)境綜合整治，控制農(nóng)村面源污染。繼續(xù)實(shí)施重大生態(tài)修復(fù)工程，加強(qiáng)重點(diǎn)生態(tài)功能區(qū)保護(hù)和管理，實(shí)施天然林資源保護(hù)二期工程，落實(shí)草原生態(tài)保護(hù)補(bǔ)助獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)政策，鞏固退耕還林還草、退牧還草等成果，大力開展植樹造林，加強(qiáng)濕地保護(hù)與恢復(fù)，推進(jìn)荒漠化、石漠化綜合治理。

完善防災(zāi)減災(zāi)應(yīng)急預(yù)案，加快山洪地質(zhì)災(zāi)害易發(fā)區(qū)調(diào)查評(píng)價(jià)、監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警、防治應(yīng)急等體制建設(shè)。

（五）大力實(shí)施科教興國(guó)戰(zhàn)略和人才強(qiáng)國(guó)戰(zhàn)略

科技、教育和人才是國(guó)家發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)和根本，必須始終放在重要的戰(zhàn)略位置。

堅(jiān)持優(yōu)先發(fā)展教育。推動(dòng)教育事業(yè)科學(xué)發(fā)展，為人們提供更加多樣、更加公平、更高質(zhì)量的教育。2012年財(cái)政性教育經(jīng)費(fèi)支出占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重達(dá)到4%。

加快發(fā)展學(xué)前教育。公辦民辦并舉，增加學(xué)前教育資源，抓緊解決“入園難”問(wèn)題。促進(jìn)義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展。加強(qiáng)義務(wù)教育階段學(xué)校標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化建設(shè)，公共資源配置重點(diǎn)向農(nóng)村和城市薄弱學(xué)校傾斜。

以流入地政府和公辦學(xué)校為主，切實(shí)保障農(nóng)民工隨遷子女平等接受義務(wù)教育。支持民族地區(qū)教育發(fā)展，做好“雙語(yǔ)”教學(xué)工作。

全面推進(jìn)素質(zhì)教育。加快教育改革，切實(shí)減輕中小學(xué)生過(guò)重課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)，注重引導(dǎo)和培養(yǎng)孩子們獨(dú)立思考、實(shí)踐創(chuàng)新能力。保證中小學(xué)生每天一小時(shí)校園體育活動(dòng)。

大力發(fā)展職業(yè)教育。引導(dǎo)高中階段學(xué)校和高等學(xué)校辦出特色，提高教育質(zhì)量，增強(qiáng)學(xué)生就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)能力。加強(qiáng)重點(diǎn)學(xué)科建設(shè)，加快建設(shè)一批世界一流大學(xué)。

支持特殊教育發(fā)展。落實(shí)和完善國(guó)家助學(xué)制度，無(wú)論哪個(gè)教育階段，都要確保每個(gè)孩子不因家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難而失學(xué)。（掌聲）

全面加強(qiáng)人才工作。以高層次和高技能人才為重點(diǎn)，加快培養(yǎng)造就一大批創(chuàng)新型科技人才和急需緊缺人才。加大人才開發(fā)投入，推進(jìn)重大人才工程。深化選人用人制度改革，努力營(yíng)造平等公開、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)擇優(yōu)的制度和社會(huì)環(huán)境，激勵(lì)優(yōu)秀人才脫穎而出，創(chuàng)造人盡其才的良好局面。大力推進(jìn)科技創(chuàng)新。加快實(shí)施國(guó)家科技重大專項(xiàng)，突破一批核心關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，提升重大集成創(chuàng)新能力。加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)研究、前沿技術(shù)研究，增強(qiáng)原始創(chuàng)新能力。推動(dòng)建立企業(yè)主導(dǎo)技術(shù)研發(fā)創(chuàng)新的體制機(jī)制。鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)共同出資開展關(guān)鍵共性技術(shù)研發(fā)，共擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、共享成果，對(duì)符合國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略方向的項(xiàng)目，政府要從政策和資金上給予支持。

深化科技管理體制改革，促進(jìn)科技資源優(yōu)化配置、高效利用和開放共享。激勵(lì)科研院所、高等學(xué)校和廣大科技人員以多種形式與企業(yè)合作。保持財(cái)政科技投入穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)，提高科研經(jīng)費(fèi)使用效率。堅(jiān)定不移地實(shí)施國(guó)家知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)戰(zhàn)略，提升知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的創(chuàng)造、應(yīng)用、保護(hù)、管理能力，激發(fā)全社會(huì)創(chuàng)新活力。

（六）加強(qiáng)社會(huì)建設(shè)和保障改善民生

經(jīng)濟(jì)越發(fā)展，越要重視加強(qiáng)社會(huì)建設(shè)和保障改善民生。

千方百計(jì)擴(kuò)大就業(yè)。繼續(xù)實(shí)施更加積極的就業(yè)政策。今年中央財(cái)政擬投入423億元，用于扶助和促進(jìn)就業(yè)。要適應(yīng)我國(guó)勞動(dòng)力結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，大力發(fā)展勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)、服務(wù)業(yè)、小型微型企業(yè)和創(chuàng)新型科技企業(yè)，努力滿足不同層次的就業(yè)需求。

繼續(xù)把高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)放在首位，做好重點(diǎn)人群就業(yè)工作。加強(qiáng)職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)，鼓勵(lì)自主創(chuàng)業(yè)。

加強(qiáng)公共就業(yè)服務(wù)，健全統(tǒng)一規(guī)范靈活的人力資源市場(chǎng)。加快就業(yè)信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)，實(shí)現(xiàn)全國(guó)互聯(lián)互通。加強(qiáng)勞動(dòng)保障監(jiān)察執(zhí)法，完善勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議處理機(jī)制，依法維護(hù)勞動(dòng)者權(quán)益，構(gòu)建和諧勞動(dòng)關(guān)系。

合理調(diào)整收入分配關(guān)系。這既是一項(xiàng)長(zhǎng)期任務(wù)，也是當(dāng)前的緊迫工作。今年重點(diǎn)采取三方面措施：一是著力提高城鄉(xiāng)低收入群眾的基本收入。

穩(wěn)步提高職工最低工資、企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金和城鄉(xiāng)居民最低生活保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。建立健全職工工資正常增長(zhǎng)機(jī)制，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行最低工資制度。

二是加大收入分配調(diào)節(jié)力度。提高個(gè)人所得稅工薪所得費(fèi)用扣除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，合理調(diào)整稅率結(jié)構(gòu)，切實(shí)減輕中低收入者稅收負(fù)擔(dān)。

有效調(diào)節(jié)過(guò)高收入，加強(qiáng)對(duì)收入過(guò)高行業(yè)工資總額和工資水平的雙重調(diào)控，嚴(yán)格規(guī)范國(guó)有企業(yè)、金融機(jī)構(gòu)高管人員薪酬管理。

三是大力整頓和規(guī)范收入分配秩序。堅(jiān)決取締非法收入。加快建立收入分配監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)。通過(guò)持續(xù)不斷的努力，盡快扭轉(zhuǎn)收入分配差距擴(kuò)大趨勢(shì)，努力使廣大人民群眾更多分享改革發(fā)展成果。（掌聲）

加快健全覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)居民的社會(huì)保障體系。將新型農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)范圍擴(kuò)大到全國(guó)40%的縣。推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)居民養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)，解決集體企業(yè)退休人員養(yǎng)老保障的歷史遺留問(wèn)題，建立企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金正常調(diào)整機(jī)制。

積極推進(jìn)機(jī)關(guān)和事業(yè)單位養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度改革。將國(guó)有企業(yè)、集體企業(yè)“老工傷”人員納入工傷保險(xiǎn)制度。完善城鄉(xiāng)低保制度。繼續(xù)多渠道增加社會(huì)保障基金。將孤兒養(yǎng)育、教育和殘疾孤兒康復(fù)等納入財(cái)政保障范圍。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)殘疾人社會(huì)保障體系和服務(wù)體系建設(shè)。

加快推進(jìn)社會(huì)保障管理信息化。發(fā)揮商業(yè)保險(xiǎn)在完善社會(huì)保障體系中的作用。大力發(fā)展慈善事業(yè)。

堅(jiān)定不移地搞好房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)調(diào)控。加快健全房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)調(diào)控的長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制，重點(diǎn)解決城鎮(zhèn)中低收入家庭住房困難，切實(shí)穩(wěn)定房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)價(jià)格，滿足居民合理住房需求。

一是進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大保障性住房建設(shè)規(guī)模。今年要再開工建設(shè)保障性住房、棚戶區(qū)改造住房共1000萬(wàn)套，改造農(nóng)村危房150萬(wàn)戶。

重點(diǎn)發(fā)展公共租賃住房。中央財(cái)政預(yù)算擬安排補(bǔ)助資金1030億元，比上年增加265億元。各級(jí)政府要多渠道籌集資金，大幅度增加投入。

抓緊建立保障性住房使用、運(yùn)營(yíng)、退出等管理制度，提高透明度，加強(qiáng)社會(huì)監(jiān)督，保證符合條件的家庭受益。

二是進(jìn)一步落實(shí)和完善房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)調(diào)控政策，堅(jiān)決遏制部分城市房?jī)r(jià)過(guò)快上漲勢(shì)頭。制定并向社會(huì)公布住房建設(shè)計(jì)劃，在新增建設(shè)用地計(jì)劃中，單列保障性住房用地，做到應(yīng)保盡保。

重點(diǎn)增加中小套型普通商品住房建設(shè)。規(guī)范發(fā)展住房租賃市場(chǎng)。嚴(yán)格落實(shí)差別化住房信貸、稅收政策，調(diào)整完善房地產(chǎn)相關(guān)稅收政策，加強(qiáng)稅收征管，有效遏制投機(jī)投資性購(gòu)房。加強(qiáng)房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)和市場(chǎng)行為監(jiān)管，嚴(yán)厲查處各類違法違規(guī)行為。

三是建立健全考核問(wèn)責(zé)機(jī)制。穩(wěn)定房?jī)r(jià)和住房保障工作實(shí)行省級(jí)人民政府負(fù)總責(zé)，市縣人民政府負(fù)直接責(zé)任。有關(guān)部門要加快完善巡查、考評(píng)、約談和問(wèn)責(zé)制度，對(duì)穩(wěn)定房?jī)r(jià)、推進(jìn)保障性住房建設(shè)工作不力，從而影響社會(huì)發(fā)展和穩(wěn)定的地方，要追究責(zé)任。（掌聲）

推進(jìn)醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革發(fā)展。今年是醫(yī)改三年實(shí)施方案的攻堅(jiān)年，要確保完成各項(xiàng)目標(biāo)任務(wù)。

一是在基層全面實(shí)施國(guó)家基本藥物制度。建立完善基本藥物保障供應(yīng)體系，加強(qiáng)藥品監(jiān)管，確保用藥安全，切實(shí)降低藥價(jià)。

二是抓好公立醫(yī)院改革試點(diǎn)。鼓勵(lì)各地在醫(yī)院管理體制、醫(yī)療服務(wù)價(jià)格形成機(jī)制和監(jiān)管機(jī)制等方面大膽探索。完善醫(yī)療糾紛調(diào)處機(jī)制，改善醫(yī)患關(guān)系。

三是提高基本醫(yī)療保障水平。穩(wěn)定提高城鎮(zhèn)職工、居民醫(yī)保參保率和新農(nóng)合參合率。今年要把新農(nóng)合和城鎮(zhèn)居民醫(yī)保財(cái)政補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高到200元。

四是完成農(nóng)村三級(jí)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和城市社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)建設(shè)任務(wù)。今年全國(guó)人均基本公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)經(jīng)費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高到25元。加強(qiáng)重大傳染病、慢性病、職業(yè)病、地方病和精神疾病的預(yù)防控制和規(guī)范管理。加強(qiáng)婦幼保健工作，繼續(xù)推進(jìn)適齡婦女宮頸癌、乳腺癌免費(fèi)檢查和救治保障試點(diǎn)。認(rèn)真做好艾滋病防治工作。大力發(fā)展中醫(yī)藥和民族醫(yī)藥事業(yè)，落實(shí)各項(xiàng)扶持政策。

五是鼓勵(lì)社會(huì)資本舉辦醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)。放寬社會(huì)資本和外資舉辦醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)的準(zhǔn)入范圍。完善和推進(jìn)醫(yī)生多點(diǎn)執(zhí)業(yè)制度，鼓勵(lì)醫(yī)生在各類醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)之間合理流動(dòng)和在基層開設(shè)診所，為人民群眾提供便捷的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。全面做好人口和計(jì)劃生育工作。繼續(xù)穩(wěn)定低生育水平。做好流動(dòng)人口計(jì)劃生育服務(wù)管理工作。加強(qiáng)出生缺陷干預(yù)，進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大免費(fèi)孕前優(yōu)生健康檢查試點(diǎn)，做好孕產(chǎn)婦和嬰幼兒保健工作。農(nóng)村婦女住院分娩率達(dá)到95%以上。實(shí)施新一輪婦女兒童發(fā)展綱要，切實(shí)保護(hù)婦女和未成年人權(quán)益。加快建立健全老年人社會(huì)服務(wù)體系，加強(qiáng)公益性養(yǎng)老服務(wù)設(shè)施建設(shè)。

加強(qiáng)和創(chuàng)新社會(huì)管理。強(qiáng)化政府社會(huì)管理職能，廣泛動(dòng)員和組織群眾依法參與社會(huì)管理，發(fā)揮社會(huì)組織的積極作用，完善社會(huì)管理格局。以城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)為載體，以居民需求為導(dǎo)向，整合人口、就業(yè)、社保、民政、衛(wèi)生、文化等社會(huì)管理職能和服務(wù)資源，實(shí)現(xiàn)政府行政管理與基層群眾自治有效銜接和良性互動(dòng)。

以城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)為載體，以居民需求為導(dǎo)向，整合人口、就業(yè)、社保、民政、衛(wèi)生、文化等社會(huì)管理職能和服務(wù)資源，實(shí)現(xiàn)政府行政管理與基層群眾自治有效銜接和良性互動(dòng)。

加快建立健全維護(hù)群眾權(quán)益機(jī)制、行政決策風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估和糾錯(cuò)機(jī)制，加強(qiáng)信訪、人民調(diào)解、行政調(diào)解工作，拓寬社情民意表達(dá)渠道，切實(shí)解決亂占耕地、違法拆遷等群眾反映強(qiáng)烈的問(wèn)題。

加強(qiáng)和完善公共安全體系。健全突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急體制，提高全社會(huì)危機(jī)管理和抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力。加強(qiáng)信息安全和保密工作，完善信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理。

加強(qiáng)社會(huì)治安綜合治理，嚴(yán)密防范、依法打擊各類違法犯罪活動(dòng)。落實(shí)企業(yè)安全生產(chǎn)和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量主體責(zé)任，堅(jiān)決遏制重特大安全生產(chǎn)事故。完善食品安全監(jiān)管體制機(jī)制，健全法制，嚴(yán)格標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，完善監(jiān)測(cè)評(píng)估、檢驗(yàn)檢測(cè)體系，強(qiáng)化地方政府監(jiān)管責(zé)任，加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管執(zhí)法，全面提高食品安全保障水平。

各級(jí)政府一定要把社會(huì)管理和公共服務(wù)擺到更加重要的位置，切實(shí)解決人民群眾最關(guān)心最直接最現(xiàn)實(shí)的利益問(wèn)題。

（七）大力發(fā)展文化建設(shè)

文化對(duì)民族和國(guó)家的影響更深刻、更久遠(yuǎn)。要更好地滿足人民群眾多層次多樣化文化需求，發(fā)揮文化引導(dǎo)社會(huì)、教育人民、推動(dòng)發(fā)展的功能，增強(qiáng)民族凝聚力和創(chuàng)造力。

加強(qiáng)公民道德建設(shè)，在全社會(huì)樹立中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義的共同理想和信念，加快構(gòu)建傳承中華傳統(tǒng)美德、符合社會(huì)主義精神文明要求、適應(yīng)社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的道德和行為規(guī)范。

加強(qiáng)誠(chéng)信體系建設(shè)，建立相關(guān)制度和法律法規(guī)。增強(qiáng)公共文化產(chǎn)品供給和服務(wù)能力，重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)中西部地區(qū)和城鄉(xiāng)基層的文化基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，繼續(xù)實(shí)施文化惠民工程。

扶持公益性文化事業(yè)，加強(qiáng)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)、利用和傳承。進(jìn)一步繁榮哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)。發(fā)展新聞出版、廣播影視、文學(xué)藝術(shù)、檔案事業(yè)。

加強(qiáng)對(duì)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的利用和管理。深化文化體制改革，積極推進(jìn)經(jīng)營(yíng)性文化單位轉(zhuǎn)企改制。大力發(fā)展文化產(chǎn)業(yè)，培育新型文化業(yè)態(tài)，推動(dòng)文化產(chǎn)業(yè)成為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)支柱性產(chǎn)業(yè)。

大力開展全民健身活動(dòng)，促進(jìn)群眾體育和競(jìng)技體育協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。加強(qiáng)對(duì)外文化體育交流與合作，不斷擴(kuò)大中華文化國(guó)際影響力，讓博大精深的中華文化再展輝煌。（掌聲）

（八）深入推進(jìn)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域改革

繼續(xù)推進(jìn)國(guó)有經(jīng)濟(jì)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整，健全國(guó)有資本有進(jìn)有退、合理流動(dòng)機(jī)制。完善國(guó)有金融資產(chǎn)、非經(jīng)營(yíng)性資產(chǎn)和自然資源資產(chǎn)監(jiān)管體制，加強(qiáng)境外國(guó)有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)管。

繼續(xù)鼓勵(lì)、支持和引導(dǎo)非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。健全財(cái)力與事權(quán)相匹配的財(cái)稅體制，清理和歸并專項(xiàng)轉(zhuǎn)移支付項(xiàng)目，增加一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付，健全縣級(jí)基本財(cái)力保障機(jī)制。在一些生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)領(lǐng)域推行增值稅改革試點(diǎn)，推進(jìn)資源稅改革。深化預(yù)算管理制度改革，全面編制政府性基金預(yù)算，擴(kuò)大國(guó)有資本經(jīng)營(yíng)預(yù)算范圍，試編社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)基金預(yù)算。

繼續(xù)深化金融企業(yè)改革，加快建立現(xiàn)代金融企業(yè)制度。加快培育農(nóng)村新型金融機(jī)構(gòu)。繼續(xù)大力發(fā)展金融市場(chǎng)，鼓勵(lì)金融創(chuàng)新。推進(jìn)利率市場(chǎng)化改革。擴(kuò)大人民幣在跨境貿(mào)易和投資中的使用。推進(jìn)人民幣資本項(xiàng)下可兌換工作。加強(qiáng)和改善金融監(jiān)管，建立健全系統(tǒng)性金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范預(yù)警體系和處置機(jī)制。

完善成品油、天然氣價(jià)格形成機(jī)制和各類電價(jià)定價(jià)機(jī)制。推進(jìn)水價(jià)改革。研究制定排污權(quán)有償使用和交易試點(diǎn)的指導(dǎo)意見。價(jià)格改革要充分考慮人民群眾特別是低收入群眾的承受能力。

按照政事分開、事企分開、管辦分開、營(yíng)利性與非營(yíng)利性分開的要求，積極穩(wěn)妥地分類推進(jìn)事業(yè)單位改革。

（九）進(jìn)一步提高對(duì)外開放水平

中國(guó)的發(fā)展離不開世界。要積極發(fā)展互利互惠的多雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系，不斷拓展新的開放領(lǐng)域和空間。繼續(xù)推動(dòng)多哈回合談判，反對(duì)各種形式的保護(hù)主義，促進(jìn)國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序朝著更加公正、合理、共贏的方向發(fā)展。

切實(shí)轉(zhuǎn)變外貿(mào)發(fā)展方式。在大力優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)和提高效益的基礎(chǔ)上，保持對(duì)外貿(mào)易穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)。無(wú)論是一般貿(mào)易還是加工貿(mào)易出口，都要繼續(xù)發(fā)揮勞動(dòng)力資源優(yōu)勢(shì)，都要減少能源資源消耗，都要向產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈高端延伸，都要提高質(zhì)量、檔次和附加值。

積極擴(kuò)大自主品牌產(chǎn)品出口。大力發(fā)展服務(wù)貿(mào)易和服務(wù)外包，不斷提高服務(wù)貿(mào)易的比重。堅(jiān)持進(jìn)口和出口并重，擴(kuò)大先進(jìn)技術(shù)設(shè)備、關(guān)鍵零部件和能源原材料進(jìn)口，促進(jìn)從最不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和主要順差來(lái)源國(guó)增加進(jìn)口，逐步改善貿(mào)易不平衡狀況，妥善處理貿(mào)易摩擦。

推動(dòng)對(duì)外投資和利用外資協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。加快實(shí)施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略，完善相關(guān)支持政策，簡(jiǎn)化審批手續(xù)，為符合條件的企業(yè)和個(gè)人到境外投資提供便利。鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)積極有序開展跨國(guó)經(jīng)營(yíng)。

堅(jiān)持積極有效利用外資的方針，注重引進(jìn)先進(jìn)技術(shù)和人才、智力資源，鼓勵(lì)跨國(guó)公司在華設(shè)立研發(fā)中心，切實(shí)提高利用外資的總體水平和綜合效益。抓緊修訂外商投資產(chǎn)業(yè)目錄，鼓勵(lì)外資投向高新技術(shù)、節(jié)能環(huán)保、現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)等領(lǐng)域和中西部地區(qū)。

（十）加強(qiáng)廉政建設(shè)和反腐敗工作

建設(shè)廉潔的政府是一項(xiàng)持久而又緊迫的任務(wù)，是人民的殷切期望。要加快解決反腐倡廉建設(shè)中的突出問(wèn)題，扎實(shí)推進(jìn)懲治和預(yù)防腐敗體系建設(shè)，把查辦大案要案作為反腐敗的重要舉措，同時(shí)更加注重制度建設(shè)。

一是認(rèn)真治理政府工作人員以權(quán)謀私和瀆職侵權(quán)問(wèn)題。針對(duì)工程建設(shè)、土地使用權(quán)出讓和礦產(chǎn)資源開發(fā)、國(guó)有產(chǎn)權(quán)交易、政府采購(gòu)等重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域存在的問(wèn)題，加大查處違法違紀(jì)案件工作力度，堅(jiān)決懲處腐敗分子。（掌聲）

二是切實(shí)加強(qiáng)廉潔自律，認(rèn)真貫徹執(zhí)行《廉政準(zhǔn)則》，落實(shí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部收入、房產(chǎn)、投資以及配偶子女從業(yè)、移居國(guó)（境）外等情況定期報(bào)告制度，自覺接受監(jiān)督。加強(qiáng)審計(jì)和監(jiān)察工作。加大對(duì)行政機(jī)關(guān)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部和國(guó)有企業(yè)、事業(yè)單位負(fù)責(zé)人的監(jiān)督力度。

三是堅(jiān)決反對(duì)鋪張浪費(fèi)和形式主義。要精簡(jiǎn)會(huì)議、文件，清理和規(guī)范各種達(dá)標(biāo)、評(píng)比、表彰以及論壇、慶典等活動(dòng)，從經(jīng)費(fèi)上嚴(yán)加控制。

規(guī)范公務(wù)用車配備管理并積極推進(jìn)公務(wù)用車制度改革。加快實(shí)行財(cái)政預(yù)算公開，讓人民知道政府花了多少錢，辦了什么事。各級(jí)政府都要努力為人民辦事；每一個(gè)公務(wù)員都要真正成為人民的公仆。（掌聲）

各位代表！鞏固和發(fā)展各民族大團(tuán)結(jié)，是國(guó)家長(zhǎng)治久安、繁榮昌盛的根本保證，是各族人民的根本利益所在。

要堅(jiān)持和完善民族區(qū)域自治制度，全面落實(shí)中央支持少數(shù)民族和民族地區(qū)發(fā)展的政策措施。制定實(shí)施扶持人口較少民族發(fā)展、推進(jìn)興邊富民行動(dòng)和發(fā)展少數(shù)民族事業(yè)五年規(guī)劃。讓我們團(tuán)結(jié)奮進(jìn)，共同譜寫中華民族繁榮發(fā)展的歷史新篇章！（掌聲）

全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針，深入落實(shí)《宗教事務(wù)條例》，發(fā)揮宗教界人士和信教群眾在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、社會(huì)和諧中的積極作用。

繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)僑務(wù)工作，維護(hù)海外僑胞、歸僑僑眷的合法權(quán)益，充分發(fā)揮他們?cè)诖龠M(jìn)祖國(guó)統(tǒng)一和民族振興中的獨(dú)特作用。

各位代表！建立鞏固的國(guó)防，建設(shè)強(qiáng)大的人民軍隊(duì)，是維護(hù)國(guó)家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益和全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的重要保障。（掌聲）

要緊緊圍繞黨和國(guó)家工作大局，著眼有效履行新世紀(jì)新階段我軍歷史使命，全面加強(qiáng)軍隊(duì)革命化現(xiàn)代化正規(guī)化建設(shè)，不斷提高以打贏信息化條件下局部戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)能力為核心的完成多樣化軍事任務(wù)的能力。

堅(jiān)持把思想政治建設(shè)擺在首位。積極開展信息化條件下的軍事訓(xùn)練。加快全面建設(shè)現(xiàn)代后勤步伐。推動(dòng)軍民融合式發(fā)展，加強(qiáng)國(guó)防科研和武器裝備建設(shè)。

積極穩(wěn)妥地推進(jìn)國(guó)防和軍隊(duì)改革。堅(jiān)持依法治軍、從嚴(yán)治軍。堅(jiān)決完成搶險(xiǎn)救災(zāi)等急難險(xiǎn)重任務(wù)。

建設(shè)現(xiàn)代化武裝警察力量，增強(qiáng)執(zhí)勤、處置突發(fā)事件和反恐維穩(wěn)能力。加強(qiáng)國(guó)防動(dòng)員和后備力量建設(shè)，鞏固和發(fā)展軍政軍民團(tuán)結(jié)。

各位代表！我們將堅(jiān)定不移地貫徹“一國(guó)兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，全力支持香港、澳門兩個(gè)特別行政區(qū)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)，改善民生。支持香港鞏固和提升國(guó)際金融、貿(mào)易、航運(yùn)中心地位。

支持澳門建設(shè)世界旅游休閑中心，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)適度多元發(fā)展。充分發(fā)揮香港、澳門在國(guó)家整體發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略中的獨(dú)特作用。

進(jìn)一步提高內(nèi)地與港澳合作的機(jī)制化水平，支持粵港澳深化區(qū)域合作，實(shí)現(xiàn)互利共贏。在中華民族偉大復(fù)興的歷史進(jìn)程中，祖國(guó)內(nèi)地人民將與港澳同胞攜手奮進(jìn)，共享偉大祖國(guó)的尊嚴(yán)與榮耀！（掌聲）

我們將堅(jiān)持新形勢(shì)下發(fā)展兩岸關(guān)系、促進(jìn)祖國(guó)和平統(tǒng)一的大政方針和各項(xiàng)政策。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)兩岸協(xié)商，積極落實(shí)兩岸經(jīng)濟(jì)合作框架協(xié)議，加強(qiáng)產(chǎn)業(yè)合作，加快新興產(chǎn)業(yè)、金融等現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)合作發(fā)展，支持有條件的大陸企業(yè)赴臺(tái)投資。

支持海峽西岸經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)在推進(jìn)兩岸交流合作中發(fā)揮先行先試作用。深入開展兩岸社會(huì)各界交流，積極拓展兩岸文化教育合作。

增進(jìn)兩岸政治互信，鞏固兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的政治基礎(chǔ)，共同維護(hù)兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的良好局面。我們堅(jiān)信，只要海內(nèi)外中華兒女繼續(xù)共同努力奮斗，祖國(guó)和平統(tǒng)一大業(yè)一定能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)！（掌聲）

各位代表！新的一年，我們將繼續(xù)高舉和平、發(fā)展、合作的旗幟，堅(jiān)持獨(dú)立自主的和平外交政策，堅(jiān)持走和平發(fā)展道路，堅(jiān)持奉行互利共贏的開放戰(zhàn)略，堅(jiān)持推動(dòng)建設(shè)持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界，為我國(guó)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)創(chuàng)造更加有利的外部環(huán)境和條件。

我們要保持與主要大國(guó)關(guān)系健康穩(wěn)定發(fā)展，積極推進(jìn)對(duì)話合作，擴(kuò)大共同利益和合作基礎(chǔ)。堅(jiān)持“與鄰為善，以鄰為伴”的周邊外交方針，深化同周邊國(guó)家的睦鄰友好合作關(guān)系，推進(jìn)區(qū)域次區(qū)域合作進(jìn)程。

增進(jìn)同廣大發(fā)展中國(guó)家的傳統(tǒng)友好合作關(guān)系，進(jìn)一步落實(shí)和擴(kuò)大合作成果，推進(jìn)合作方式創(chuàng)新和機(jī)制建設(shè)。

積極開展多邊外交，以二十國(guó)集團(tuán)峰會(huì)等為主要平臺(tái)，加強(qiáng)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策協(xié)調(diào)，推動(dòng)國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)金融體系改革，促進(jìn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)勁、可持續(xù)、平衡增長(zhǎng)，在推動(dòng)解決熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題和全球性問(wèn)題上發(fā)揮建設(shè)性作用，履行應(yīng)盡的國(guó)際責(zé)任和義務(wù)。

中國(guó)政府和人民愿與國(guó)際社會(huì)一道，共同應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)，共同分享發(fā)展機(jī)遇，為人類和平與發(fā)展的崇高事業(yè)做出新貢獻(xiàn)！（掌聲）

各位代表！回顧過(guò)去，我們創(chuàng)造了不平凡的光輝業(yè)績(jī)；展望未來(lái)，我們對(duì)國(guó)家的錦繡前程充滿信心！（掌聲）

讓我們?cè)谝院\濤同志為總書記的黨中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，緊緊抓住歷史機(jī)遇，勇敢面對(duì)各種挑戰(zhàn)，開拓進(jìn)取，團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗，扎實(shí)工作，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)“十二五”時(shí)期良好開局，把中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義偉大事業(yè)繼續(xù)推向前進(jìn)！（掌聲）