第一篇：托福獨立寫作有哪些好方法

托福獨立寫作有哪些好方法

托福獨立寫作能取得高分都有哪些好方法呢？本文環球北美考試院為大家介紹托福寫作的備考方法，供大家參考閱讀。

把握好獨立作文重要的因素

托福獨立作文最重要的因素是什么？當然是論點和論證。一篇好的作文，論點可以提綱挈領，論證可以豐富文章內容。

由于考試時間的限制，很多英語程度好的學生也會出現一些問題。比如說一個學生對作文的論點言之鑿鑿，但就是寫不出東西，或是寫不出令自己滿意的句子。所以，上考場前，腦中一定要裝一些東西，好的例子，好的句子等。

這里強調論據的重要性，不是忽視邏輯和論點的重要性。相反，只要你能夠掌握一些萬能的論據，對你謀劃全篇的結構，以及段落發展，是有好處的。

論據的準備也可以稱為素材，這種素材可以是一個短語，一個人名，或是一個完整的例子。這種例子能夠輔佐你的亂點，能夠畫龍點睛。

把握好文章寫作思路

怎樣發展成為一篇邏輯性很強的文章呢？下面為大家介紹一些實戰做法。

1.首先應該審題，尤其關注作文題目中的絕對性詞匯。

比如：Improving school is most important factor to sucessful development of country.看到most，我們自然想到用他因法。

2.其次用20秒的時間，整理腦中所有能用的素材，讓這些素材稱為支持你段落的骨架，然后開始確定段落的論點。

3.盡量使你的語言句式豐富一些。

形式主語，主動，被動，動名詞To do作主語，倒裝句，there be，以及強調句等等。特別強調一點，為了使你文章的邏輯清晰可見，要使用邏輯連接詞。

4.把握好過渡詞的使用，和適當的論述方法完善你的作文，使之成為一個邏輯整體。論述方法：條件(假設)法，比如：if 我按照論點那樣做，就能cause siginificant effects，除了用if，還能有with, when, only through + 方式+倒裝等。

新托福獨立作文的寫作是有技巧可以講究的，只要我們把作文的條理理順，再用自己的語言組織論點和論據，豐富文章內容，然后再稍加注意一下措辭就可以了。

以上就是環球北美考試院為大家介紹的托福獨立寫作的相關知識，希望考生們可以仔細閱讀，考出理想的成績！

第二篇：托福獨立寫作技巧方法講解

獨立部分作文筆記（原創）一．TWE 評分過程

（1）不必在意的四件事——破除原有誤解 ①不必在意英語和美語的差異； ②不必在意口語與書面語的差異； ③不必在意任何文化差異； ④不必在意語言是否地道。（2）6 分評分標準

Readers should focus on what the examinee does well.Scores6 Demonstrates clear competence in writing on both the rhetorical and syntactic levels, though it may have occasional errors.A paper in this category ––effectively addresses the writing task ––is well organized and well developed ––uses clearly appropriate details to support a thesis or illustrate ideas ––displays consistent facility in the use of language ––demonstrates syntactic variety and appropriate word choice 二．評分標準的分析

評分標準一：effectively addresses the writing task（1）簡單說明文（Explanation）

（I）Background Information，Thesis Statement——1 段（II）Supporting——2-3 段。例：

21.In general, people are living longer now.Discuss the causes of thisphenomenon.Use specific reasons and details to develop your essay.Supporting：A、食物改善；B、技術進步；C、社會和經濟環境的穩定。

Topic Sentence：Among various factors that have made people live longer are A, B and C.①A is very important factor.粗糧、細糧，肉食，牛奶，水質（自來水、礦泉水）…… ②Equally important is B.醫療技術使很多過去的絕癥輕易獲得治療，如百日咳，肺結核等。③Matching A and B is another essential factor, C.戰爭，社會動蕩，經濟動蕩都會影響人們的壽命。

主題句的寫法： ①盡量不要只使用抽象名詞；

②盡量暗示文章將來結構，主題句寫好了可以沒有結論句； ③主題句應該值得解釋、值得證明。（2）對比、對照（Compare & Contrast）（I）Background Information（II）Compare & Contrast √ √√ A √√×OrA√B √× ×B × ××√B×A ×（III）Topic Sentence / Conclusion（3）立論文（Argumentation）①本身有爭議；

③不能用right/wrong 來修飾，而是who is more reasonable.例：

41.Some people think that human needs for farmland, housing, and industry aremore important than saving land for endangered animals.Do you agree ordisagree with this point of view? Why or why not? Use specific reasons andexamples to support your answer.立場：反對盲目地保護瀕臨滅絕動物。（I）Background Information（II）Supporting ×××

（III）Rebuttal 駁證——選擇一個對立立場辯駁（最重要的部分）beautiful？ necessary？ money？

（IV）Topic Sentence 審題立論的注意事項：

①以讀者為導向；②想好了再寫；③說服讀者而不僅是表達；④順序很重要；⑤結論不重要。評分標準二：is well organized and well developed

1、元素排列

（1）二分法：①簡單→復雜；②已知→未知；③次要→重要（說明說服為目的）。（2）邏輯關系：①并列；②遞進；③轉折。有力模式：

有力模式I 有力模式II 有力模式III A ↓ 并列遞進轉折 B ↓ ↓ ↓

↓ 遞進轉折遞進 C 例：

43.Why do you think some people are attracted to dangerous sports or otherdangerous activities? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.先想一個例子，在按照有力模式的構成去思考其他例子。本例采有力模式II。（1）the drive of money…………………（material）①特技演員（stunt man）； ②Photography；正面 ③Law breaker。

遞進→（2）the desire pursuer happiness.（spiritual）人的本性對危險的追求

轉折→（3）無知（ignorance）…………………………………………負面

評分標準三：uses clearly appropriate details to support a thesisor illustrate ideas 一個反例——講義P156。

教訓：（1）不僅要列大綱，還要落實具體細節，然后查字典。前兩步用平時使用的、樸素的、沒有修飾的中文完成。中文英文英文解釋 …… …… ………… …… …… ………… …… …… …………

（2）考場上在表達時永不輕言放棄。一旦忘記例子，千方百計解 釋清楚。

解釋方法：中文，同位語從句+定語從句

評分標準四：displays consistent facility in the use of language 思維貧乏的人才會用華麗的辭藻。

評分標準五：demonstrates syntactic variety and appropriateword choice 邏輯思維 語言文字

三．185 題庫的處理

壓縮題庫：TWE 寫作的準備是系統工程，考驗資源整合能力。

1、相關題目歸類整理材料，整合論點。㈠86→89→90→91；

㈡6→52→141（因此52 選擇why 而不是how）→165evironment 例：

52.What change would make your hometown more appealing to people your age? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.Among diverse aspects that I want to change about my hometown is its environment.→（why & how？此處選why）

①A good environment will make people happier.（100 words）②A nice environment will make people healthier.（100 words）

③A perfect environment will make people more productive.（100 words）

Topic Sentence：TS, the improvement of which will make people happier, healthier, and even moreproductive.（主題句應當盡量暗示文章未來結構）㈢36→70 例：

70.Some people think that the automobile has improved modern life.Others think that the automobile has caused serious problems.What is your opinion? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.主題句應當值得解釋、值得證明，故：

①汽車之類現代交通工具使市場上商品數量增多，方便流通； ②使商品價格降低；（運輸成本降低，同種商品種類增加、競爭加?。凵踔?，汽車交通工具對我國婦女地位獨立有很大幫助。最初想到：convenient & efficient，不值得解釋、證明； 進一步問：so what？→人們活動范圍增加，但仍不夠； 進一步問：so what？→商品的活動范圍增加→商品數量增加 因此，多想幾步即可得到有效結論。

㈣15→18→46→179→93→62→103，基于ETS 出題的人群普適性和文化普適性。① To be a good _____ , one should have the intelligence.happier, healthier, ②To be a good _____ , one should be humor.more productive ③To be a good _____ , one should be reliable.理由、例子、思路的反復運用。

2、一些用母語都難寫的題目的處理。

（1）最好不要同意的。往往是一些絕對的立場，觀點要從絕對詞出發。選反對或中間模式。例： 37.Do you agree or disagree that progress is always good? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.本例選中間模式，組織采有力模式III。方法是修正部分絕對化的表達和詞匯。①It’s true that progress is usually good.如交通、溝通、書寫工具。②However, it’s hardly true that progress is always good.③In fact, progress in itself is nether good or bad.技術的運用在人不再技術本身。例：

53.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The most importantaspect of a job is the money a person earns.Use specific reasons and examples 不能同意。絕對詞：the most important。其他重要原因如stability。例：

54.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? One should neverjudge a person by external appearances.Use specific reasons and details tosupport your answer.①確實有時會犯錯；

②但有時也確實可以根據外表得到信息，如判斷誠信； ③甚至，有時必須通過外表判斷一個人。（2）最好同意的。

沒有絕對詞，而且往往還有想關限定詞。例：

27.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People shouldsometimes do things that they do not enjoy doing.Use specific reasons andexamples to support your answer.兩種分類：喜歡的/不喜歡的；有益成功的/無益成功的。需要做不喜歡但有益成功的。另外的例子還有63、42 題等。（3）只能反對的。

主要有第8、88、119、120 題。

分析方法：How come they have such an opinion? 即A→B 的因果關系是否過分簡單化？ ①A 不見得是B 的理由； ②A 不見得是B 的唯一理由； ② A 不見得是B 最重要的理由。例：

8.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television hasdestroyed communication among friends and family.Use specific reasons andexamples to support your opinion.It’s true that people attend to spend lots ① of time in watching television.②It’s also true that people spend less time in communication.③However, it’s hardly true that television destroyed people’s communication.④再寫一個真正的理由，如工作壓力、經濟壓力等： It’s working stress rather than television… 例：

88.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Telephones and emailhave made communication between people less personal.Use specific reasonsand examples to support your opinion.Personal 有兩種理解：①親密；②個性化。只要前后理解一貫即可。

相比第8 題，可以忽略前3 點而擴張第4 點，如溝通成本的降低。例：

119.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People behavedifferently when they wear different clothes.Do you agree that different clothesinfluence the way people behave? Use specific examples to support your answer.①有時候會影響人們的行為。服裝影響心理；服裝影響他人對你的態度。②然而，服裝不必然影響人們行為。

③什么是最重要的理由，如價值觀（value system）。例：

120.Decisions can be made quickly, or they can be made after careful thought.Doyou agree or disagree with the following statement? The decisions that peoplemake quickly are always wrong.Use reasons and specific examples to supportyour opinion.①通常迅速作出的決定是錯誤的；

②不是生活當中每一個決定都是值得認真思考的； ③甚至很多人就是擅長短時間內作出正確決定。（4）不能同意也不能反對的。It depends.例：

20.It is better for children to grow up in the countryside than in a big city.Do youagree or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to develop your essay.It depends the child’s age.歲之前，最重要的是家庭內部環境； 小學時，鄉村更好一些； 高中時，城里更好一些。

慎用I think…，in my opinion 等詞組： ①是廢話；②不要站在讀者對立面。只有當你確知有不同觀點時才可使用，然后必須用細節支持，如本文。例：

32.Is it better to enjoy your money when you earn it or is it better to save yourmoney for some time in the future? Use specific reasons and examples to supportyouropinion.It depends the money you earn.2000/月，想存也impossible； 20000/月，基本花不完； 200000/月，花掉。例：

35.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Attending a liveperformance(for example, a play, concert, or sporting event)is more enjoyablethan watching the same event on television.Use specific reasons and examples tosupport your opinion.要看是什么演出，不同情況作不同選擇。例：

49.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Face-to-facecommunication is better than other types of communication, such as letters, email,or telephone calls.Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.要看與誰溝通，老板、顧客、同事等均不同。五．TWE 考試的準備

1、改寫階段。挑5-10 篇話題不重復的范文進行改寫。①改詞。

②改句：簡單句、并列句互改；句子成分、從句互改；正常語序，倒裝互改。③換一種說法。

④換個理由，換個例子。

改寫的順序：上午寫，下午改，晚上背，第二天默。

2、創作階段。寫5-10 篇。

不限時完成，借助一切可以借助的力量。順序與第一階段相同。注重句法、時態等。

3、沖刺階段。寫5-10 篇。

限時25 分鐘完成，最好早上9:00 寫。下午用大量時間改寫、背，第二天默寫。

附錄三句法多樣性專題(Syntactic Variety)1.并列

a)并列大量名詞: n1, n2, n3, …, and n i.A, B, C, … and other Xs… ii.X, such [Y] as A, B, C…, …

History, philosophy, fundamental mathematics/calculus, and other abstract subjectshave to be learned from books, or primarily from books.Some knowledge, such abstract subjects as history, philosophy, fundamentalmathematics/calculus, has to be learned from books, or primarily from books.It is necessary for everyone to read imaginative literature, such as poetry, novels, ormythology.It is necessary for everyone to read poetry and other types of imaginative literaturesuch asnovels and mythology.b)并列名詞性成份: n.+ what/how/whether/if… [并列復雜句] i.what = something that ii.how = the way/manner in which

Most parents educate their children merely by instinct rather than by proper pedagogy,and usually do not care about their relationship with children and how such neglectinfluences the future development of their children.Most students are eager to obtain knowledge, but they lack the sense of what is good, orwhat is necessary and how such a deficiency in the concept of viewing the situation as awhole would mislead them.c)并列形容詞性成份 i.a1 and a2 + n ii.a1 + yet/but + a2 + n iii.a1, a2 + n + that… iv.a1, a2, so a3 that/as to…

a small town a small and peaceful town a good teacher a good and very impressive teacher a stupid decision a stupid and incorrigible decision …

simple yet effective method a direct and simple yet magically effective method an irrational yet understandable decision a fair and balance, yet undesirable decision obvious yet not the most significant reason expensive yet worthy course slow yet indispensable process A weird, entertaining, yet TRUE story....All adult birds molt their feathers at least once a year, and upon close observation, one canrecognize the frayed, ragged appearance of feathers that are nearing the end of their usefullife.[T0105-P02-L3] Most students can hardly stand for his typically dry and dull lectures that would normallycontinue at least several quarters without giving any essential information.The impact that technology has had on our daily life and society in general, is undeniable.It will become even greater as computers get faster, smaller, smarter, and soinexpensive that virtually everyone will be able to own one.A class led by a lethargic teacher could be extremely dull, dry, and so boring that driveseverybody in the class into sleep.Learning in essence is a process that is time-consuming, painstaking, and so hard thatvirtually only persistent few can finally have a sense of real achievement.1.并列

d)并列副詞性成份 i.ad1 and ad2 ii.ad1 + yet/but + ad2 iii.ad1, ad2, prep.iv.ad1, ad2, so ad3 that/as to…

A conscientious teacher always prepares his lecture carefully, intelligently, and with thefull consideration of all possible aspects concerning the subject.1.并列 e)并列動詞 i.并列動詞

a)…v1…, v2-ing…, v3-ing… ii.并列句子

b)…, and therefore/thus/consequently/subsequently… c)not only/simply/merely… but also/…as well/even… d)neither… nor… e)not that… but that…

f)并列從句: … that…, and that…[并列復雜句] iii.that引導的賓語從句 iv.that引導的定語從句 v.that 引導的主語從句

An absent-minded teacher lacks drive to make class intensely focused, often preparingnothing in advance, wandering among random topics, thus wasting and killing times ofindustrial students.主語相同的兩個句子并列，―and‖對應的中文應該是―也‖。

Books keep records of thoughts and ideas, and are the major source from which peopleobtain knowledge.書本記錄著思想和理念，也．是人們獲取知識的主要來源。

Books keep records of thoughts and ideas, and are therefore the major source fromwhich people obtain knowledge.書本記錄著思想和理念，所．以．也．是人們獲取知識的主要來源。

History has to be vague and ambiguous, and is therefore/thus so interesting that many areobsessed, because people always cannot help trying to know the truth.歷史必然模糊含混，也正是如此，它才那樣有趣以至于很多人都被深深的吸引，因為人們總是忍不住要追尋真理。

Chinese children unfortunately have few rights to make their own decisions, andsubsequently often have to do things that they do not enjoy doing at all.很不幸孩子們很少有自作主張的權利，也因此常常只能去做自己不喜歡做的事情。

Modern vehicles have extended the range of people’s activity, and thus made much moregoods available to local markets.現代交通工具延伸了人們活動的范圍，也因此使市場上的商品數量增加了。

It is the nature of human that determines that people tend to trust themselves rather thanothers, and consequently they often misguide by their own feelings rather than reasons.這是人性所決定的：人們傾向于相信自己而不是相信別人，也因此常常被自己的感覺所誤導，而不是遵循理智。

Computers have not only brought convenience, but they have also made people learn more.A perfect environment will not only make people happier and healthier, but it will evenmake people more productive.Modern transportation vehicles such as automobiles have not only made more goodsavailable in the local markets, but they have also lowered the price of the products in themarkets.3.元素并列的其他手段

肯定句: also;as well;too;equally;of equal importance… 否定句: either, neither;nor A good environment will make people happier.A nice environment will also make people healthier.A poor environment will not make people happier.A bad environment will not make people healthier either.或Nor a bad environment will make people healthier.4.not… but

計算機不僅給人們帶來了方便，還是人們學得更多。

Computers have not only brought convenience, but they have also made people learn more.補充: 分割效果 1)主語和謂語動詞之間 2)助動詞和實意動詞之間 3)系動詞和表語之間 only also…

not simply but … as well.merely even… not that… but that…

Not that emails or telephones have made people less personal, but that peoplethemselves have become less personal.One of several possible reasons is that peopleusually lack of adequate communicating skills.A good environment will make people happier.A nice environment will make people healthier as well.A perfect environment will not only make people happier and healthier, but it willeven make them more productive.2.重復成分 a)重復形容詞

iii.… a.…, so a.that/as to… b)重復名詞 iv.… n., n that…

In fact, history is interesting, so interesting that many are obsessed by it, because peoplealways cannot help knowing the truth.Parents or other adults often give merely a casual answer to a serious question from acurious child, an answer that makes no sense at all, and might have unforeseeablenegative consequence in the future.3.從句

a)whether/if/what/how 做賓語 a)when/whenever;while +-ing/-ed b)if/whether + adj.c)what/how/when/where + to… d)…, n + of + which… 深入研究轉折 1.形容詞的轉折并列 simple yet effective method a simple, direct, practical yet magically effective method irrational yet understandable decision a fair and balance, yet undesirable decision obvious yet not the most significant reason expensive yet worthy course slow yet indispensable process A weird, entertaining, yet TRUE story....2.包裝（反復取非）History is useful.History is not useful.It is commonly believed that history is not useful.However, this is a prevailingmisunderstanding.Hypocrites lie.Hypocrites do not tell the truth.Hypocrites do tell the truth when and only when they have convinced that by doing so theycan benefit.Hypocrites have many forms, but they have one thing in common: Hypocrites do tell thetruth when and only when they have convinced that by doing so they can benefit.Although most people were hostile to the hypocritical behaviors, and believeprofoundly in the sacredness of truth and the inviolable freedom of those who dare to tellthe truth, they often betray their principle, dignity, and in effect become accompanies ofother hypocrites.Hypocrites have many forms, but always have one thing in common: theyessentially have no principle at all.They tell the truth when and only when they feel thetruth is on their side, otherwise they would refuse rather than accept the truth, or remainsilence even choose to lie for the sake of their own safety if they find they arethreatened,even when that threat is at most potential.It’s fortunate that our society always has a small portion of citizens who always tryto insist their principles and struggle to defend even when tremendous cost isanticipated.When nearly everyone in this society had learnt to remain silence, Doctor Jiang Yan Yongstood out and shouted the truth about SARS.When nobody in this country is not afraid ofAIDS, Doctor Gao Yao Jie is rushing around to help the helpless.When most people in thiscountry believe money is everything, and should be made by whatever means is possible,Zhou Li Tai, as a lawyer, is persistently fighting for the weakest group who might beincapable of paying his consultant fee.附錄四例證表達法

大家最熟悉的當然是 “for example” 和 “for instance” 了。這兩個表達 法后面可以接名詞性成分或者句子。還可以說 “take … for example”，比 如： “Let's take an extreme case for example.…” 用來修飾 “example” 的形容詞很多，應該熟練掌握：

characteristic;classic;prime;representative;typical | excellent;fine;good;impressive;magnificent;outstanding;perfect;superb;wonderful | fascinating;interesting;intriguing;notable;remarkable;striking;graphic;vivid;dramatic;extreme;spectacular;clear;obvious;simple;straightforward;blatant;flagrant;glaring | familiar;famous;well-known;notorious;common;rare;much-quoted;oft-quoted;often-quoted | illustrative;helpful;illuminating;instructive;useful;practical | concrete;hypothetical 這里面要是你有哪個詞不認識，那就一定要背下來，然后寫作文的時候用上，這樣你就用了一些―別人可能不用的詞匯‖，顯得稍微superior 了一點。能夠對 “example” 發出的動作有 : give;provide;contain;include;cite;draw;take(sth.a s);f i n d。而 “example” 能夠發出的動作有 : abound;demonstrate;illustrate;show 等等。

也可以直接讓― 例子‖ 發出動作，比如這樣的情況： The behavior ofMeerkats giving alarm calls clearly/well exemplifies the existence ofaltruism.有很多個例子的時候，用這樣的表達法： “A, B, C, and so on.” 或者 “A, B, C, and etc..”如果是口語表達，比較常用的有“..., and something like that.”或者“...a n d s t u f f l ike that.” 有的時候，你可能在舉了很多個例子之后想說―...就更不用提了?！?或 者― 更不消說… … ‖，那用的表達法是：“ not to men t i o n...” 或者 “let alone...”。

舉例子的時候，可以先舉幾個例子然后再概括一下；或者反過來，先概括 之后列舉幾個實例。所使用的結構分別是： “A such(B)as X, Y and Z” ； 或者 “X, Y, Z, and other A”。例如：

History, philosophy, fundamental mathematics, and other abstractsubjects can be learnt mainly from books.Some subjects, such abstract ones as history, philosophy, andfundamental mathematics, can be learnt mainly from books.有的時候，舉例子可能需要做出限定或者指定，那可以用 “as” 這個詞，例如：“ A narrow, confining room, as in a prison or convent, wouldmake anyone nuts.” 能夠用豐富的例子說明問題其實是一種能力，關鍵在于平時的刻意積累。如果你有能力舉出很多例子，那就需要這樣的句型： Examples abound in history/our daily life that… Examples /instances are countless/innumerable/numerous Stories abound of alcoho l i c s who flush their daily pill down the t o i l e t or “cheek” it, only to dispose of it later.Similar examples of “nuptial gifts” abound throughout the anima l world.History/Our daily life/This world abounds in examples which demonstrate… The list will go on.The list would be endless if we try to make an inventory of such examples.The litany of drug damage goes on and on.The list of profit-making, instinct-exploiting products is long.Self-image can be indicated by a tone of voice that is confident, pretentious, shy, aggressive, outgoing, or exuberant, to name only a few personality traits.如果你舉的例子非常經典，又顯而易見，不妨使用這個句型： Remember that...（相當于― 記得… … 吧？ ‖）

If we want to predict how aggressively a man will guard his wife, we need look no further than age.（… 想想 / 看看就可以了）Success requires a tenacious spirit and a drive to achieve.Nowhere is this more apparent in the entertainment business.Thousands of actors and actresses work tenaciously to have a career in the movies.But without beauty or talent, tenacity i s n ' t always rewarded, and only a few become stars.用最近發生的事情做例子：

An instance occurred recently in which…

如果舉的例子是― 軼事‖、― 傳說‖、― 某個學說‖ 之類的，那可以用這 樣的句型： Legend/Gossip/Rumor/Words/A theory/A saying has it that...;As story goes:...;That's how the story goes.;或者Story goes...(g o e s 后面接完整的句子。例如： Story Goes Viral Alex Jones appears on CNN, poll says three-quarters plus support Sheen.)有的時候要用一些想象出來的例子說明問題，那用這些詞開頭： Consider;Imagine;Suppose;Say;Assume;或者在這些詞后面直接 加上一個賓語或者一個賓語從句，比如 “Imagine a person who is worrying about his future.” 或者 “Suppose a person is worrying about his future.” 這樣想象出來的 case，還可以用 sometimes , in some cases, in some specific cases 開頭開始講述。也可以用條件句型，“If…, ….” 或 者 “When…, ….” 以及，There are many cases in which…（有些情況 下… …）； There are moments when …（有些時候… …）；We all have met the cases in which…（我們都會遇到… … 的情況）； We all have moments when…（有些時候我們都會… …）… …

第三篇：2018河北省考申論寫作好方法：材料分析法

作文總分論點尋找一直都是考生比較頭疼的，也是考生在寫作中最容易拉開差距的地方。中公教育專家建議大家要運用題干點睛法和材料分析法尋找文章立意。題干點睛法大多數考生都很容易把握，而材料分析法到底該如何運用確是很多考生十分困惑的。具體來說主要分為以下幾步：

1.找準首要分析的材料

近幾年申論材料的邏輯性比較強，整篇的材料一般的邏輯呈現形式主要分為分總、總分、并列、遞進這幾種形式，無論是什么樣的邏輯呈現形式，總會有則材料是小題中沒有用過的材料，對于這則材料就是我們首要分析的材料。

2.如何分析材料

將該篇材料的邏輯進行劃分 到材料中“找詞”：

核心詞：首尾則材料中的核心詞;中央文件中的核心詞;權威觀點中的核心詞;材料反復出現的詞;連續三個并列或遞進關系的詞語。例如16年副省級材料一中的“大國范兒”、“民族范兒”;17年副省中“無處不在”、“簡單”、“變化多端”等提煉出分論點中的核心詞，在把分論點進行優化，如“向水學習，學習水的簡單，大道至簡”

3.到材料中找句

與主題相關的、闡述主題內涵的、總結句;具有特殊句式的句子向排比、并列、遞進的句子，想;例如17市地級材料五中“水還是真善美的化身、是哲學的本喻、是道德的載體、是智慧的展現”;16年副省級材料三中“還事關公民意識只自覺、民族素質的提高、民族文化精神的弘揚乃至中華民族的復興大業”等這些特殊句式終都可提煉分論點，例如“學禮，以立公民意識之自覺”。4.到材料中找段

核心段：一般是首尾段、尤其是尾端。

以上這些詞中容易尋找的文章的總論點，及相關的分論點 整合材料：

材料的整合我們上課時強調材料的邏輯思維導圖，而對于考生來講，此種操作方法較難，時間較久。因此可梳理整篇材料，對每則材料講述的內容進行概括，提煉出每則材料的中心思想，從宏觀的角度把握整篇材料，提煉相關觀點，尋找分論點。

分論點不論從哪里尋找重點強調的就是一個“活”字，要開拓思維，防止思維固化，影響寫作成績。

第四篇：2013托福獨立作文題庫

2013托福獨立作文題庫

2013.01.12

An effective leader tries to make others feel that they have been part of making a decision.2013.01.13

Do you think your should make sure others(your leader or colleagues)know your strength and accomplishment, because it is the only way to be successful?

2013.01.26

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Young people today are more likely to help others than young people were in the past.2013.01.27

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Your job has more effect on your happiness than your living environment does.2013.03.02

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

In such a busy or crowded world, people shouldn't expect others to be polite to us.Use specific reasons and example to support your answer.2013.03.03

Do you agree or disagree：young people today are more likely to give time and effort to improving the world than young people were in the past.2013.03.16

Do you agree or disagree：Movies and TV programs made in one’s own country are more interesting than those made in other countries.2013.03.17

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

The best leaders are those who are willing to admit when they made bad decisions.2013.03.30

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Even though many people from different countries care about environment problems(pollution and global warming), the environmental situation can not be improved in the future.2013.04.14

Which of the following do you think contributes the most to an enjoyable vacation? Good Food，Good Location，Good Friends to travel with

2013.04.20

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Government should build more art museum or music performance than recreational facilities？

2013.05.11

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People often buy products not because they really need them but because other people have them.2013.05.18

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Government should support scientific research even though the research has no practical use.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.2013.05.26

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The personal and work-related challenges that young people face today are not very different from challenges that their parents and grandparents faced when they were young.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.2013.06.08

Do you agree or disagree with the statement? It is more fun to see a movie in a cinema(theater)with other people than see a movie at home.2013.06.15

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The way a person dresses is a good indication of his or her personality or character.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.2013.06.30(重復09.12.19NA）

Do you agree that people will feel happier if they have fewer possessions

2013.07.13

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Nowadays, neighbors depend on each other less than the people in the past

2013.07.14

Do you agree or disagree that in the past people were more friendly than they are today?

2013.07.20(重復09.08.07 NA)

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Parents spend too much time to help their children to determine their future;children should be allowed to make choices on their own.2013.07.21

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: It is impossible to always be honest to your friends.2013.08.17

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: University should spend more money supporting social activities rather than improving the food students eat.2013.08.24

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is important to have rules about the types of clothing that people are allowed to wear at work and at school.2013.08.25

1Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is less important to eat with families regularly nowadays.2Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Some scientists are responsible for the negative impacts that are made by their discoveries.2013.09.01

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Only movies that can teach us something about real life is worth watching.2013.09.08

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? To increase economic growth, the government should ignore environmental concerns.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.2013.09.14

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People who keep their room neat and organized are more likely to be successful in the future.2013.09.28

When you are assigned an important presentation for work or school,you prefer to work on it right away so that you can work on it a little bit every day,or wait until you have a good idea about the presentation.2013.09.29

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

University students should be required to take history courses no matter what field they study.2013.10.12Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

In order to succeed, we should be more like others than be different from others.2 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

People who move out of native village or town are more successful and happier than people who stay in their native village or town.2013.10.20Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

Students can use their mobile phones to surf on the internet or listen to the music while doing their homework.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

It is always better to purchase in large stores than in several small shops that specialize in different items.2013.10.27

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?: Student activities do as much benefit as academic study.2013.11.02

Do you agree or disagree: it is better for people to have friends who are intelligent than to have friends who have a good sense of humor.2013.11.09

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Should parents spend more times playing games or doing sports with their children or should they spend more

time helping their children with their schoolwork?

2013.11.17

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People learn about one person from books and movies that person like

2013.11.23

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teachers’ performance should be evaluated by students rather than by other teachers.2013.11.24

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People live in the countryside are happier than those live in the city.2013.12.01

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: All school teachers should take courses every five years to update their knowledge.2013.12.07

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: It is more important for the government to spend money on art museums and concert halls than on recreational facilities such as swimming pools and playground.2013.12.15

1Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: People now show less respect to teachers than in the past.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: It is easier to maintain good health than in the past?

第五篇：托福綜合獨立寫作提綱

Many students choose to attend schools or universities outside their home countries.Why do some students study abroad?

1, first of all, students want to absorb advanced knowledge

1.1 America owns many famous universities all over the world, which attract most overseas students to come.1.2 students in some developing countries,such as China, Indina, decide to study abroad.For example,(In china, a research shows that more and more students decide to study abroad for further education rather than receive education in the native college)

2, what’s more, studying abroad can broaden their horizen

2.1 studying abroad provides people more chances to have access to different cultures and scenes For example, different scenes,such as()can make people more enjoyable;

different cultures can give people flesh feeling

3, In addition, students do not like the education system in native country

3.1 every country has its education syste

m, it may not be suitable to every students

3.2 some students choose to study abroad to find a more benefiting system

For example, my roomate donnot like the grade-depend system in my country…..Playing computer games is a waste of time.Children should not be allowed to play them.1,First of all, playing computer games really took up lots of times of children.1.1 with the development of technoloy, computer has become more and more popular.1.2 lots of childrens obessed in the computer games

For example, my little brother…..2, However, we should not neglect the active part of the computer games which can help children relexed.2.1 children experience heavy burden of homework

2.2 playing computer games can help them relieve the pressure from study.For instance,3, Furthermore, some computer games can help children develop their intelletual.3.1 lots of computer games can cultivate quick reaction of children

3.2 they can learn the spirit of cooperation in some computer games

One research shows that people who like playing computer games in childish do a better in their future career than people who kept away from the computer games in the childish.In general, as parents or teachers, we should not restrict children to play computer games.We can control the time children spend on the computer games to make sure the computer games will not affect their academic performance.Some people think that human needs for farmland, housing, and industry are more important than saving land for endangered animals.Do you agree or disagree with this point of view.1, First of all, with the increasing of world population, human need lots of land for farmland, housing and industry.Especially in the developing countries, the pursuit of more profits lead people to exploit more and more land for human using.For example, in China, …

2, However, we should not neglect the importance of saving land for endangered animals.2.1 Lot of animal habitat were taken up by human, which caused the decrease of animal.Take the

Siberian Tiger for example….2.2 meanwhile, animals are more vunerable than human to adapt the environment.Such as water pollution…..3, Furthermore, endangered animals play an important role ecosystem, which means we should try our best to protect them.3.1 Endangered animals can increase the diversity of the species.3.2 Keep the balance of ecosystem

3.3 In addition ,they could provide lots of research value for human.Medicine …..In general, we should not obtain the short term benefit in the way of sacrificing the long term benefit.So I think saving land for endangered animals is as important as human needs.