第一篇：全國英語四級考試翻譯類型總結(教師)

全國英語四級考試翻譯類型總結（教師）

倒裝：

1.The university authorities did not approve the regulation, ______________________________.（也沒有解釋什么）(2011, 6)

neither/ nor did they make any explanation

2.The manager never laughed;neither__________________（她也從來沒有發過脾氣）(2010, 6)

did she lose her temper/ become angry before

3._____________________（直到他完成使命）did he realize that he was seriously ill.(2008, 12)

Not until he had finished his mission

虛擬語氣：

1.Jane is tried of dealing with customer complains and wishes that she______________________.（能被分配做另一項工作）(2011, 6)

could be assigned to another job

2.They requested that _____________________________________（我借的書還回圖書館）by the next Friday.(2010, 12)

the book I borrowed(should)be returned to the library

3.It is suggested that the air conditioner _____________________（要安裝在窗戶旁）(2010, 6)

(should)be fixed/ installed next to the window

4.You should not have failed if you _______________________（按照我的指令去做）(2009, 12)

had followed my instructions

5.If she had returned an hour earlier, Mary ____________________________（就不會被大雨淋了）(2009, 12)

wouldn’t have been caught in the rain

6.The victim _______________________（本來會有機會活下來）if he had been taken to hospital in time.(2006, 12)

would have had a chance to survive

名詞性從句：

1._________________________（給游客印象最深的）was the friendliness and warmth of the local people.(2010, 12)

What impressed the tourists most

2._________________________（很多人所沒有意識到的）is that Simon is a lover of sports, and football in particular.(2009, 12)

What many people don’t realize

3._________________________（大多數父母所關心的）is providing the best education possible for their children.(2008, 12)

What most parents are concerned about

4.Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life _______________________________,（是用他們能夠借到多少來衡量的）not how much they can earn.(2007, 12)

is measured by how much they can loan

5.It’s wrong to define happiness only by money.(僅僅以金錢來定義幸福)（2011年12）

定語從句：

1.Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems ___________________ _______________________.（他們至今還沒有答案）(2008, 12)

to which they still have no answers so far

2.The prevention and treatment of AIDS is ______________________________.（我們可以合作的領域）(2007, 06)

the field in which we can cooperate

3.It’s my mother who/that keeps encouraging me not to lose heart(一直鼓勵我不要灰心)when I have difficulties in my study.（2011年12月）

非謂語動詞：

1.______________________________（與我成長的地方相比）, this town is more prosperous and exciting.(2008, 12)

Compared with the place where I grew up

固定搭配：

1.John rescued the drowning child __________________________.（冒著自己的生命危險）(2011, 6)

at the risk/ expense of his own life

2.Although he was interested in philosophy, _______________________（他的父親說服他）majoring in law.(2011, 6)

his father persuaded him into

3._______________________（為了確保他參加會議），I called him up in advance.(2010, 12)

In order to/ To ensure that he can attend the meeting

4.Because of the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty _______________________________.（集中注意力在實驗上）(2010, 6)

(in)concentrating on/ focusing her attention on the experiment

5.We look forward to _________________________________.（被邀請出席開幕式）(2010, 6)

being invited to attend the opening ceremony

6.The 16-year-old girl decided to travel abroad on her own despite _________________________.（她父母的強烈反對）(2010, 6)

strong opposition/ objection from her parents

7.Despite the hardship he encountered, Mark never _________________________.（放棄對知識的追求）(2009, 12)

gave up pursuing knowledge

8.Production has to be increased considerably to __________________________________（與消費者不斷增長的需求保持同步）(2009, 12)

keep pace with the constantly increasing demands of consumers

9.Soon after he transferred to the new school, Ali found that he had ________________________（很難跟上班里的同學）in math and English.difficult(in)catching up with his classmates

10.The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is ________________________.（與缺乏鍛煉密切相關）(2009, 12)

closely related to the lack of exercise

11.You’d better take a sweater with you ________________________（以防天氣變冷）(2008, 12)

in case of temperature drop

12.Through the project, many people have received training and __________________________.（決定自己創業）(2008, 12)

decided to start their own business

13.Our efforts will pay off if the results of this research _________________________________.（能應用于新技術的開發）(2008, 6)

can be applied to the development of new technology

14._________________________（多虧了一系列的新發明）, doctors can treat this disease successfully.(2007, 12)

Thanks to a series of new inventions

15.I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because ________________ ______________________.（它更加方便和省時）(2007, 12)

it is more convenient and time-saving/ less time-consuming

16.Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to ____________________________.（適應不同文化中的生活）

adapt oneself to life in different cultures

17.To make donations or for more information, please ________________________.（按一下地址和我們聯系）(2007, 6)

contact us at the following address

18.The nation’s population continues to rise _________________________.（以每年1200萬人的速度）(2006, 12)

at the rate of 12 million per year

常考句型：

1.George called his boss from the airport but it__________________________.（接電話的卻是他的助手）(2011, 6)

turned out that his assistant answered/ picked up the phone

2.The magnificent museum______________（據說建成于）about a hundred years ago.(2010, 12)

is said to have been built

3.There would be no life on earth ______________________.（沒有地球獨特的環境）(2010, 12)

without its unique environment

4.Scientists agree that it will be a long time ___________________________.（我們找到治愈癌癥的方法）(2009, 12)

before we find the methods to cure cancers

5.The more exercise you take, _________________________.（你越不大可能得感冒）(2009, 12)

the less likely you are to catch a cold

6.It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are _________________________.（更有可能增加體重）(2009, 12)

more likely to put on weight

7.The anti-virus agent was not known ____________________________.（知道一名醫生偶然發現了它）(2008, 12)

until a doctor found it by chance

8.I can’t boot my computer now.Something _________________（一定出了毛病）with its operation system.(2008, 12)

must be wrong

9.Leaving one’s job, _______________（不管是什么工作）, is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring.(2008, 12)

no matter what/ whatever job it is

10.In my sixties, one change I notice is that _____________________________.（我比以前更容易累了）(2007, 12)

I am more likely/ inclined to get tired than before

11.I am going to pursue this course, __________________________________（無論我要作出什么樣的犧牲）(2007, 12)

whatever/ no matter what kind of sacrifice I have to make

第二篇：英語四級翻譯總結

1.中秋習俗

在中國月餅是一種特殊的食品，廣受海內外華人的歡迎。中秋吃月餅就好比圣誕節吃餡餅(mince pies)。為了慶祝中秋節，中國人通常做兩件事：一是觀賞滿月。二是品嘗美味的月餅。中秋節是每年農歷八月十五日。據說，這一天的月亮是一年中最圓的。而月亮正是慶賀中秋的全部主題。在中國人眼中，月餅象征著全家人的大團圓。

2.傳統藝術

皮影戲又稱“影子戲”。它是中國著名民間戲劇形式之一。表演時藝人通常一邊演唱一邊操縱用獸皮或紙板制作的人物形象。它們的影子通過燈光出現在簾布上。這營造了有人物在活動的幻象。有時表演者需要控制三到四個偶人。皮影戲在我國歷史悠久，元代時還曾傳到世界上很多國家，迷倒了不少國外戲迷，被人們親切地稱為“中國影燈”。

3.社交饑渴

手機，是一項偉大的發明。但很顯然，手機也刷新了人與人的關系。會議室門口通常貼著一條公告：請與會者關閉手機。可是，會議室里手機鈴聲仍然響成一片。我們都是普通人，并沒有多少特別重要的事情。盡管如此，我們也不會輕易關掉手機。打開手機象征著我們與這個世界的聯系。顯然，手機反映出我們的“社交饑渴癥”。(thirst for socialization)4.北京介紹

北京是座有三千年歷史的古城。早在公元前十一世紀，北京就是燕國的國都，因此北京有燕京之稱。在以后的幾千年里，北京又成為金、元、明、清各朝的國都。北京是中國的六大古都之一，其他五個是西安、南京、洛陽、開封和杭州。北京是座既古老又年輕的城市，有許多名勝古跡。從故宮、天壇到頤和園，你們可以看到北京保留了許多昔日的風采。

5.生活習慣

多少年來，我養成了一個習慣：每天早晨四點在黎明以前起床工作。我不出去跑步或散步，而是一下床就干活兒。因此我對黎明前的北京的了解是在屋子里感覺到的。我從前在什么報上讀過一篇文章，講黎明時分天安門廣場上的清潔工人。那情景必然是非常動人的，可惜我從未能見到，只是心向往之而已。

6.保護動物

目前，人類的生存環境正在遭到破壞，美麗的大自然已經不那么美麗了。保護野生動物，也就是保護人類自己。我強烈呼吁：不要再捕殺黑猩猩，不要再捕殺野生動物了，讓我們人類多一些地球上的朋友，多給我們下一代保留一些野生動物吧!否則，地球將毀滅在人類手中，人類將毀滅在自己手中。7.學習英語

到中國來旅游觀光的人很少不會注意到中國人學習英語的勁頭。公園里有專門的英語角，老老少少會定期聚在一起操練。馬路上外國游客常常被學習英語的人圍住交談，從天氣到政治，無所不談。各種英語班如雨后春筍在到處出現。

8.發明創造

過去50年其實并不是發明創新的黃金時期。從1900年到1950年，改變人類生活的發明有汽車、飛機、電話、收音機、電視機——當然還有核武器和計算機。而近50年來，只有為數不多的發明。難道發明的源泉已經枯竭了嗎?答案并非如此。事實上，發明的新時代剛剛開始。

9.電腦技術

有些人擔心電腦技術的廣泛使用會進一步惡化就業形勢。但另一種觀點認為盡管這對個人來說會丟掉飯碗，對整個社會來說由于提高了生產率，因而有利于經濟的發展。不管對社會影響如何，有一點是肯定的：有技術的人變得越來越吃香，沒技術的人工作越來越難找。

10.個人集體

不管是在一個公司，還是在一個政府里，重大的決定總是個人作出的，而不是集體。我們需要集體的討論，因為可以交流看法和經驗。但是集體討論不能代替個人的作用。理由很清楚，如要作出一個重大的決定，集體總是不能對迅速變化的事件作出同樣迅速的反應。

11.學習機會

上大學給人們提供了在無邊無際的知識海洋里遨游探索的機會。為了豐富多彩的人生，大學生應該充分利用目前讀大學的大好時光。他們應該意識到上大學決不僅僅意味著得到一個學位，得到一個好的工作。他們如果不滿足于專業課內容，就會終生受益。

12.文化交流

文化是不同國家的人們互相理解的最佳媒體。通過舉辦文化節，許多中國城市在世界上的知名度提高了。已經證明，對促進中國人民和世界其他地方人民之間的交流來說，這是最好的途徑之一。這種交流不僅僅限于文化方面，還擴大到了經濟和其他領域。

13.大四生活

現在大學生的學習壓力相當重。除了大四，他們開始找工作了，其余的學生總是忙于學習，而不愿參加校園團體和俱樂部，不愿參加體育鍛煉和其他課外活動，不愿與他們的朋友玩玩，不愿關心和學習沒有關系的事。總之，他們就像一個機器人。壓力大，時間少，功課多。看到同寢室里的人都上圖書館去學習，到深夜閉館才回，而自己卻去看電影，他們就會有一種內疚感。一想到白天什么事都沒干，心里就感到不安，會整夜因此睡不著覺。他們學習太緊張，幾乎沒有時間好好品嘗生活，干些其他事，成為一個全面發展的人。讀大學使他們失去太多的個人幸福和健康。

14.人物介紹

徐霞客一生周游考察了十六個省，足跡幾乎遍及全國。他在考察的過程中，從不盲目迷信書本上的結論，從不把權威看作是真理的唯一基礎。他發現人研究的地理記載中有許多不很可靠的地方。為了進行真實細致的考察，他很少乘車坐船，幾乎全靠雙腳翻山越嶺，長途跋涉;為了弄清大自然的真相，他總是挑選道路艱險的山區、人跡稀少的森林進行考察，發現了許多奇山秀景;他常常選擇不同的時間和季節，多次重游各地名山，反復觀察變換的奇景。他不僅善于觀察，觀察的精確、耐心、客觀、而且對觀察的結果鍥而不舍地進行思考。

15.節日聯歡

在這明月當空的中秋之夜，我很高興能應邀出席貴公司的慶祝晚宴，同各位一起度過一個輕松、難忘的夜晚。我們平時忙于各自的工作，幾乎沒有時間坐下來交談。我希望這次晚會可以讓我們無所拘束地相互溝通，增進友誼。在這個高度競爭的時代，人際關系越來越緊張，似乎缺少了傳統意義上的那種人間溫暖的關懷。我國的中秋節不僅給人們提供了團聚的機會，其意義還包含了關懷、融洽和奉獻。我為有幸參加這次中秋聚會，再次表示感謝。

16.人際關系

有時候，在工作中重要的倒是能否處理好人際關系而不是有多大的才能。人際關系就是一種善于聽取別人的意見，體察別人的需要，虛心接受批評的能力。善于處理人際關系的人敢于承認錯誤，敢于承擔自己的責任，這是對待錯誤的一種成熟和負責任的態度。這就是為什么許多平平庸庸的公司雇員在大調整中保住了位置，而有才能的人反而下崗。因為他們很注意處理各方面的關系，所以八面玲瓏，到處有緣。而人際關系差的人往往不能處理好批評。碰到錯誤，他們首先想到自己，拒不承認自己有錯，或情緒低落或大發雷霆，成為有刺的人，難以相處。

17.網上聊天

網上聊天指的是兩個或多個人之間通過計算機來同時進行的文學交流。這種交流是同步的-個人在他的鍵盤上鍵入信息，和他聊天的人在其電腦屏幕上看見信息后便可以馬上回復。網絡聊天也在其特定的專業術語。它們容易鍵入，使交流更快速。經常上網聊天的人使用縮略語，例如BRB意思是“馬上回來”，IMHO是指“依本人之拙見”。數年前還鮮為人知的電子網絡產業，時至今日已成為一個國家國民生活的重要組成部分。越來越多的網民使用人們所知道的“信息高速公路”。

18.外貿發展

在過去20年中，世界上沒有任何一個國家的外貿發展速度像中國那么快。日本用了20多年時間才將其外貿總額翻了一番而中國卻翻了兩番。中國現在已是全球第三大電器生產國，并且正在成為全球電器市場上的主角。中國還是世界上勞動密集型(labor-intensive)產品的主要生產國。間才將其外貿總額翻了一番，而中國卻翻了兩番。

19.經濟地位

自1978年改革開放以來，中國經濟增長了90倍，是增長最快的主要經濟體。預測2011至2015年，年均GDP增長會保持9.5%。中國是世界最大的出口國，第二大進口國。它也是世界第二大奢侈品消費國。目前的GDP位于世界第二，大約6萬億美元，相當于美國的四成。中國是世界工廠。每三件家具，三件玩具，兩雙鞋子，兩件衣服中，就有一件是由中國制造的。

20.中國概況

中華人民共和國，簡稱中國，位于東亞，與14個國家或地區接壤。它是世界上人口最多的國家，有13億人口。中國有56個民族，漢族占總人口92%。漢語是世界上使用最廣泛也是外國人最難懂的語言之一。漢語方言很多，使用最廣的是普通話和粵語。漢語發源于象形文字(hieroglyph)，有超過四萬個漢字。受過良好教育的人能認識約六千個字。閱讀報紙需要認識三千字左右。

1.參考譯文：

Moon cakes are aspecial kind of food in China.They are very popular with the Chinese at homeand abroad.Moon cakes are to Mid-Autumn Festival what mince pies are toChristmas.To celebrate Mid-Autumn Festival, Chinese usually do two things:enjoy the full moon and eat delicious moon cakes.Mid-Autumn Festival falls onthe 15thday of the 8th month of the lunar calendar.Itis the time when the moon is said to be at its brightest and fullest.And themoon is what this celebration is all about.In the eyes of the Chinese people ,a moon cake symbolizes the reunion of all family members.2.參考譯文

The shadow puppetplay, also known as ?shadow play?, is one of China?s famous folk opera forms.During the performance, players usually sing while holing/manipulating humanfigures, which are made of animal skin and paper board.The shadows of thosehuman figures are reflected on a curtain through the light.This creates theillusion of moving images.Sometimes the performer needs to control three orfour puppets.Shadow puppet play enjoys a long history in China.It was introducedto many countries during the Yuan Dynasty and attracted many foreign audience.They call the art form Chinese shadow play.3.參考譯文

The cell phone is agreat invention.But obviously, It has altered the relationship among people.There is usually a notice on the door of the meeting room, which reads, “Pleaseturn off your hand-set.” However, phones ring now and then when the meetinggoes on.We are but ordinary people and have few urgencies to tackle with.Nevertheless, we will not switch off our phones easily.Phones-on symbolizesour connecting with this world.Obviously, cell phone has been reflecting our“thirst for socialization”.4.參考譯文

Beijing is anancient city with a history of 3,000 years.As early as the 11th century, B.C.,it was the capital of the Kingdom of Yan;that's why Beijing is also known asYanjing.In the few thousand years afterwards, Beijing again served as thecapital for the Jin,Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties.Beijing is one of China'ssix ancient capitals;the other five are Xi?an，Nanjing, Luoyang, Kaifeng, and Hangzhou.Beijing is a city both old and young, with many places of historical interestand scenic beauty.From the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, and theSummer Palace, you can see that Beijing has retained a lot of color of oldChinese life.5.參考譯文

For many years, Ihave been in the habit of getting up before daybreak to start work at four.Instead of going out for a jog or walk, I?ll set about my work as soon as I?mout of bed.As a result, it is from inside my study that I've got the feel ofpredawn Beijing.Years ago, I hit upon a newspaper article about streetcleaners in Tian?anmen Square at daybreak.It must have been a very movingscene, but what a pity I haven?t seen it with my own eyes.I can only pictureit in my mind longingly.6.參考譯文

Atpresent, man?s living environment is being ruined, and beautiful nature is nolonger so beautiful.Protection of wild life is protection of man himself.So Iappeal strongly to all to stop killing the chimpanzee or any other wild animal.Let us human beings have more friends on the earth, and leave more wild lifefor future generations.Or the earth would be destroyed by man, and man by manhimself.7.參考譯文

Fewvisitors to China will fail to notice the eagerness of the Chinese to learnEnglish.2)In public parks there are special corners where English learners oldand young gather at regular time to practise their spoken English.3)Foreignvisitors are often besieged on streets by English learners who want to talkwith them in English abut anything from weather to politics.4)English classesare mushrooming across the land 8.參考譯文

Actually the lastfifty years was not the golden age of invention and innovation.From 1900 to1950, human life was transformed by such invention as cars, aeroplanes,telephones, radios and television sets, not to mention nuclear weapons and thecomputer of course.In the recent 50 years since only a few inventions havebeen made, was the wellspring of invention drying up? Not likely.Indeed, a newage of invention is just beginning.9.參考譯文

Some people areworrying that the wide use of computer technology will cause furtherunemployment.Another argument however holds that although some individualswill lose their jobs society as a whole will benefit economically throughincreases in productivity.Despite its effects on society one thing is certain:the technically trained will become ever more valuable while the jobs for theblue-collar population will become less available.10.參考譯文

An importantdecision is always made by individuals not by committees whether it involves acompany or a government.We need committees because that?s where people couldshare their opinions and experiences.But they could not replace individuals.The reason is obvious: a committee faced with a major decision can?t alwaysmove as quickly as the events it is trying to respond to.11.參考譯文

College provides achance to explore the vast areas of unlimited knowledge.To have a rich fulllife a college student should make the most of the opportunities at hand.Heshould realize that going to college means a lot more than earning a degree andsecuring a good job.If he can explore beyond his immediate career objectiveshe will enjoy the rest of his life.12.參考譯文

Culture is the bestmedium for people of different countries to understand each other.Throughculture festivals, many cities in China have raised their prestige in theworld.As has been proven that, this is one of the best ways to promote thecommunication between Chinese people and the people from different parts of theworld.This kind of communication is not only confined to culture, but extendsto economy and other fields.13.參考譯文

College studentsnow bear heavy academic pressure.You will find them—except seniors who arebeginning to look for a job—always too busy in studies to join campusorganizations, too busy to take part in sports and other extracurricularactivities, too busy to share the interests of their friends and too busy topay attention to anything that is not connected with their studies.In shortthey have become nothing but a robot.They are under pressure to do too muchwork in too little time.If their roommates are studying in the library untilit closes at midnight while they go to a movie they will feel guilty.The veryidea of doing nothing during the day will make them uncomfortable and sleeplessall night.They study so hard that they have hardly had time to savor life andto pursue other interests to grow as well-rounded people.The pursuit ofcollege education costs them too much personal happiness and health.14.參考譯文

During his lifetime Xu Xiake visited 16 provinces leaving his footprints nearly everywhereacross the land.He never blindly accepted the conclusions given by books nordid he treat authority as the sole basis for truth.As a result he found manyinaccuracies in the travel notes on geography written by his predecessors.Inorder to get a detailed and truthful picture of the particular places hepreferred to travel on foot instead of by cart or boat despite long distancesand even ventured into mountainous areas and jungles which are rarely traveledby people and full of dangers.The payoff for his effort was his discovery ofmany fantastic landscapes which attracted him to return in different seasonsand even different hours of the day to observe their kaleidoscopic spectacles.He was not only a good observer accurate patient and objective but also appliedpersistent thought to the observations he made.15.參考譯文

On this mostbeautiful moon-lit mid-autumn evening, I'm very glad to be invited to attendyour company's celebration evening party, and share a relaxing and memorableevening with you.We are so busily engaged in our work that we have virtuallylittle time sitting down and talking to each other.I hope this party will givean opportunity to talk to each other freely, and to increase / enhance personalfriendship.In this era of intensive competition, interpersonal relationsbecome increasingly intense.What appears to be lacking are the traditional humanwarmth and care.China's Mid-autumn Festival does not only provide an occasionfor getting together, but also implies opportunities for care, harmony anddedication.I wish to thank you again for your invitation to / giving me theopportunity to attend this mid-autumn evening party.16.參考譯文

Sometimes it isinterpersonal skills rather than professional skills that really counts in yourcareer.Interpersonal skills are nothing but the ability to be good listener tobe sensitive toward others? needs to take criticism well.People with skill insocial relations admit their mistakes and take their share of blame which is amature and responsible way to handle an error.That?s why many mediocreemployees survive violent corporate upheavals while people of great talent arebeing laid off.Sensitive in their dealings with others they are well likedeverywhere.People with poor interpersonal skills have trouble takingcriticism.When confronted with a mistake they let their ego get in the way.Theydeny responsibility and became moody or angry.They mark themselves as“prickly”.17.參考答案

Online chat refersto the simultaneous text communication between two or more people via computer.It is synchronous-one person types a message on his keyboard, and the peoplewith whom he is chatting see the message appear on their monitors and respondalmost immediately.Chat has its ownjargon.They are easy to type and make the communication more efficient.Peoplewho chat commonly use abbreviations.BRB, for example, means ”be right back”.IMHO means “in my humble opinion”.The electronicnetwork industry, which was virtually unknown years ago, has become an vitalpart of a country?s national life.An increasing population of netizens makeuse of what is popularly known as the “information superhighway”.18.參考譯文

Over the last twodecades, no country in the world has expanded its foreign trade as fast asChina.Japan took more than 20 years to double its foreign trade, while China,for the same length of time, has quadrupled its foreign trade(has increasedits foreign trade by three times..Already the world' s third largest producerof electric appliances, China is now playing a major role in the global marketof the electric wares.China has also become a major producer oflabor-intensive manufactured goods in the world.19.參考譯文

Since economic opening up and reform policy beganin 1978, China?s economy has grown 90 times bigger, and isthe fastest growingmajor economy in the world.China?s annual average GDP growth is predicted tobe 9.5 percent for the period of 2011-2015.It is the world?s largest exporterand the second largest importer of goods.It is also known as the world?ssecond biggest consumer of luxury goods.It now has the world?s second largestGDP at about 6 trillion US dollars, 40 percent of the United States.China

is the world?s factory.One out of every three household appliances/three toys/ two pairs of shoes/ two shirts are made in China.20.參考譯文

The People?s Republic of China, commonly known asChina, is located in East Asia, and borders14 nations or districts in theworld.It is the most populous state in the world with a 1.3 billionpopulation.China?s made of 56 distinctive ethnic groups, with Han Chinesemaking the 92% of its whole population.Chinese is the most widely spokenlanguage in the world as well as one of the most complicated for foreigners.There are many regional dialects of Chinese although the most widely spoken isMandarin and Cantonese.Chinese characters evolved over time from earlier formsof hieroglyphs.Chinese contains over 40,000 characters, but a well-educatedperson can recognized around 6,000 characters.Some 3,000 are required to reada newspaper

第三篇：英語四級翻譯總結

四級大綱樣題 87.The substance does not dissolve in water ________________(不管是否加熱).88.only _______________(他向我收費過高), he didn't do a good repair job either.Not but 89.Your losses

in

trade

this

year

are

nothing ____________________(與我的相比).90.On average, it is said, visitors spend only _____________________(一半的錢)in a day in Leeds as in London.91.By contrast, American mothers were more likely____________________(把孩子的成 功歸因于)natural talent.06.6 87 Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble ______(找到去歷史博物館的路).88 __________(為了掙錢供我上學), Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.89 The professor required that __________________(我們交研究報告).90 The more you explain, _________________(我愈糊涂).91 Though a skilled worker, _______________(他被公司解雇了)last week because of the economic crisis.06.12 87.Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to___(適應不同文化中的生活)88.Since my childhood I have found that ___________(沒有什么比讀書對我更有吸引力)89.The victim___________(本來有機會活下來)if he had been taken to hospital in time.90.Some psychologists claim that people_________(出門在外時可能會感到孤獨)91.The nation's population continues to rise_________(以每年 1200 萬人的速度)2 07.6 87.The finding of this study failed to _____________(將人們的睡眠質量考慮在內).88.The prevention and treatment of AIDS is ____________(我們可以合作的領域).89.Because of the leg injury, the athlete__________________(決定退出比賽).90.To make donations or for more information, please ________(按以下地址和我們聯系).91.Please come here at ten tomorrow morning ______________(如果你方便的話).07.12 87 __________(多虧了一系列的新發明), doctors can treat this disease successfully.88 In my sixties, one change I notice is that ______________(我比以前更容易累了).89 I am going to pursue this course, _____________(無論我要作出什么樣的犧牲).90 I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because ____________(它更方便和省時).91 Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life _______________(用他們能夠 借到多少來衡量的), not how much they can earn.08.6 87.Our efforts will pay off if the results of this research______.能應用于新技術的開發)(88.I can't boot my computer now.Something ____________(一定出了毛病)with its operation system.89.Leaving one's job, ____________________,(不管是什么工作), is a difficult change even for those who look forward to retiring.90.________________________,(與我成長的地方相比),this town is more prosperous and exciting.91.__________________(直到他完成 3 使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill.六級大綱樣題 72.It was essential that ____________(我們在月底前簽訂合同).73.To our delight, she________________(進大學一個月就適應了校園生活).74.The new government was accused____________(未實現其降低失業率的承諾).75.The workmen think ________________________(遵守安全規則很重要).76.The customer complained that no sooner ________________(他剛試著使用這臺機器, 它就不運轉了).06.12 72.If you had _______________________________(聽從了我的忠告,你就不會陷入麻煩).73.With tears on her face, the lady ________________(看著她受傷的兒子被送進手術室).74.After the terrorist attack, tourists ___________________(被勸告暫時不要去該國旅游).75.I prefer to communicate with my customers _________(通過寫電子郵件而不是打電話).76.________________________(直到截止日他才寄出)his application form.07.6: : 82.The auto manufacturers found themselves __________(正在同外國公司競爭市場的 份額).83.Only in the small town __________________(他才感到安全和放松).84.It is absolutely unfair that these children _____________(被剝奪了受教育的權利).85.Our years of hard work are all in vain, ___________________(更別提我們花費的大量 金錢了).86.The problems of blacks and women ________________________(最近幾十年受到公 眾相當大的關注).07.12 82 But for mobile phones, 4 ______________________(我們的通信就不可能如此迅速和方 便).83.In handling an embarrassing situation, ____________(沒有什么比幽默更有幫助的了).84.The Foreign Minister said he was resigning, but _________________(他拒絕進一步解 釋這樣做的原因).85.Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, _____________(而動物的行為主要依 靠本能).86.The witness was told that under no circumstances ____________________(他都不應 該對法庭說謊).08.6 82.We

can

say

a

lot

of

things

about those____________________________(畢生致力 于詩歌的人);they are passionate, impulsive, and unique.83.Mary couldn't have received my letter,______________________.否則她上周就該回(信了).84.Nancy is supposed to_________________(做完化學實驗)at least two weeks ago.85.Never once ______________(老兩口互相爭吵)since they were married 40 years ago.86._________________________(一個國家未來的繁榮在很大程度上有賴于)the quality of education of its people.全真題參考答案: 全真題參考答案: 四級 大綱樣題 大綱樣題 87.whether(it is)heated or not 88.Not only did he charge me too much 或 Not only did he overcharge me 89.compared with mine 或 in comparison with mine 90.half as much(money)91.to attribute/ascribe their children's success to 06.6 87.finding the way to the history museum 88.In order to support my university 5 studies(或:to finance my education;to pay for my education/to pay my tuition fees)89.we(should)hand in our/the research report(s)90.the more confused I am 91.he was fired by the company 06.12 87.adapt oneself to life/living in different cultures 88.nothing is more attractive to me than reading 或 to me, nothing is more important than reading 89.would have had a chance to survive 或 would have survived 90.might feel lonely when they are far from home/ are not in their hometown/ traveling.91.at a speed/rate of 12 million per year 或 at an annual speed of 12 million 07.6 87.take people's sleep quality/quality of sleep into account/consideration 88.a field in which we can work together / a field in which we can cooperate 89.decided to quit the match 90.contact us at the following address 91.at your convenience/if it is convenient for you 07.12 87.Thanks to/ because of a series of new inventions 88.I have been more likely to get tired than before/ I get tired more easily than before 89.no matter at what expense(cost)/ no matter what I have to sacrifice(pay)/ would have to sacrifice(pay)90.the former/ shopping online is more convenient and efficient(time-saving)(can save more time)91.is measured in terms of how much they can borrow 08.6 87.can be applied to the development of the new technology.88.must be wrong 89.whatever job it is/ no matter what job it is 90.Compared with 6 the place where I grew up 91.Not until he had finished the mission 六級 大綱樣題 72.we sign the contract before the end of the month 73.adapted(herself)to campus life a month after entering college 74.of failure to fulfill its promise to reduce the unemployment rate 75.it very important to comply with/follow the safety regulations 76.had he tried to use the machine than it stopped working 06.12 72.followed my advice/suggestion, you would not have been/put yourself in trouble 73.watched her injured son being sent into the surgery/operation room.74.were(have been)suggested/advised not to travel to that country at the moment.75.via/with/through email instead of / rather than telephone 76.Not until the deadline did he send out 07.6 82.competing with overseas/ foreign companies for market share 83.does he feel secure and relaxed 84.be deprived of the right to receive education/ be denied the right to receive education 85.let alone / not to mention the large amount of money we have spent 86.have received considerable public attention/concern in recent decades 07.12 82.our communication would not have been so efficient and convenient.83.nothing is more helpful than humor/ a sense of humor 84.(he)refused to make further explanation/ to further explain why 85.while animal behavior depends mainly upon(或 on)their instinct(s)86.should he lie to the court / 7 is he allowed to lie to the court 08.6 82.who dedicate/ devote/ contribute their whole life to poems 83.otherwise, she would have replied to me last week 84.have finished the chemistry experiment 85.have the old couple quarreled with each other 86.To a great extent ,the future prosperity of a country depends on

第四篇：英語四級考試翻譯技巧

英語四級考試翻譯技巧綜述

現代翻譯理論認為，句子是最重要的翻譯單位。大學英語四級考試中的翻譯題型也是以句子翻譯為主。考生如果能夠熟練掌握句子翻譯的基本方法，那么對于處理四級考試中的句子翻譯題必將是如虎添翼。

考題分析：

分值：5%

時間：5 mintues

題型：漢譯英，根據漢語提示補譯五個不完整的英文句子，要求翻譯的英文句意正確，表達

清楚。考題相對來說不難，原因有三：

其一，考題只考查漢譯英，沒有英譯漢。大學英語精讀教材中，每課都有漢譯英譯句練習，應該是學生非常熟悉的題型;

其二，內容單純，不需要專業理論知識。題目內容既沒有高難度的新聞翻譯、文學翻譯，也不涉及科技經貿翻譯中的專業知識，只是一般的短句翻譯，沒有大主題語境，也談不上翻譯的“信、達、雅”標準； 第三，名為翻譯，實為補全句子，考查語法結構和詞組運用知識。每句只涉及15個左右的英語詞，需添入的部分也只有3到8個單詞，其中隱含著四級水平考生應當掌握的句型、語法、詞組知識點。解題步驟：

1.認真審題，正確理解題意。

審題時，一定要注意一些涉及比較或是副詞的表達，以免翻譯時有所遺漏。

2.下筆翻譯以前要先思考該題的語法點：

要不要使用詞組或句式，有沒有固定搭配，是否包含從句，動詞應用什么時態.根據以往考題總結，翻譯部分考察的語法點只要有：定語從句，狀語從句，倒裝句，強調句，虛擬語氣，非謂語動詞和獨立主格結構，句子的時態與主謂一致問題。

3.答題時若遇到不會的單詞或表達式，要學會根據題意，靈活處理，只要譯文的意思與題目的要求相一致就可以。

4.最后要檢查一遍譯文，重點檢查主謂是否一致，代詞與介詞的使用是否正確，動詞的時態與語態使用是否正確，名次單復數是否正確

我們可以根據以下五個樣題例句內容來推測可能考查的知識點：

1.The substance does not dissolve in water _______________(不管是否加熱)。

本句意為：不管是否加熱，這種物質都不會溶解于水。

前半句所給的信息并不重要，考生憑四級詞匯知識可以理解substance(物質)和dissolve(溶解)兩個單詞的意義。考慮提示部分的漢語，“不管…是否…”即“whether… or …”，很容易找到這個對應結構。關鍵點在于對“加熱”的理解，是主動還是被動處理，從上下文意義推斷出是water被加熱，所以我們采用被動方式，即whether(it is)heated or not，填入部分作讓步狀語從句，it is可以被省略。

考查重點：

從句知識：尤其讓步狀語從句，注意復習whether… or…, though, no matter how等表達的用法。分詞用法：注意辨別現在分詞和過去分詞，同時考慮動詞被動語態的運用。

2.Not only ___________________(他向我收費過高)，but he didn’t do a good repair job either.本句意為：他不但向我收費過高，而且東西修理得不怎么樣。

本句中要考慮兩個層面，首先是動詞“收費”的對應詞，應當是“charge”。“過高”則往往使用too high或too much, 由于主體內容是金錢而不是溫度，我們用經常搭配的“much”。更加巧妙的用詞是“overcharge”，恰好可以把意思歸并到一起。還要考慮的是本句中“not only…but…”結構中出現了否定詞前置到句首的現象，自然是倒裝句的標志。結合后半句的一般過去時形式，我們不得不把助動詞did提煉出來，按照倒裝結構翻譯成“Not only did he charge me too much”或者“Not only did he overcharge me”。

考查重點：

倒裝句結構中的否定詞前置現象。

類似的知識點還要注意Never/Neither/Hardly/Scarcely等否定詞在句首的倒裝情況。

3.Your losses in trade this year are nothing ______________________(與我的相比)。

本句意為“你在生意中的損失與我的相比不值一題。”

翻譯時有兩個知識點容易出錯，首先，“與…相比”考查詞組知識，四級程度同學應當掌握“compared with”或者“in comparison with”, 但常有考生把 “compare with”與“compare to”(把…比做)混淆，或者沒有考慮過去分詞形式。此外，“我的”應當使用物主代詞所有格“mine”，此處不宜寫成“my losses”。考查重點：

詞組知識：需要考生把握大批類似compare with以及名詞形式in comparison with的詞組或短語，其中固定搭配需要使用的介詞/副詞非常重要。

分詞形式：在句子中做修飾成分與前者構成主動被動關系至關重要。

4.On average, it is said, visitors spend only _____________________(一半的錢)in a day in Leeds as in London.本句意為：據說，游客平均一天在利茲花掉的錢只有在倫敦的一半那么多。

顯然本句在拿as…as…結構做文章。因為是比較關系，把在Leeds和在London的費用做比較，所以后半句有明確的“as”一詞。空缺部分是要有 “as”,還要有 “half”和“money”。關鍵是次序如何調理。根據比較結構中的倍數原則，倍數數字放在最開始，接下去有關于量的as much+n.+as, 因此本句要填入 “half as much money”。

考查重點：

比較結構：本句考查同級比較中的倍數關系，類似表達還有twice as much(many)as…

5.By contrast, American mothers were more likely__________________(把孩子的成功歸因于)natural talent.本句意為：相比較，美國的母親們更可能把孩子的成功歸因于天賦。

本句再次在詞組方面進行考查，“把…歸因于…”是大學英語四級考查率極高的一個語言點，有時表達因果關系最復雜的動詞詞組。應當熟練把握 “attribute…to…”的拼寫和用法。此外，不要忽略另外一個詞的用法,“be likely to …”表示“容易”、“可能”等意義，稍不小心就會把to漏掉。總之，需要填入的部分拼貼在一起就是“to attribute their children’s success to”。

考查重點：

動詞詞組，表示因果關系的attribute… to…。

需要熟練掌握用法的還有lead to, result in, result from, be to blame for, be responsible for。

另外，還要學會使用拼寫類似的詞組contribute to，表示“有助于，對…做出貢獻”。

如果仔細研究以上樣題的考點，不難發現新四級在放棄專門的詞匯語法結構題型后，把相關知識點設置到了其它的幾種題型中，那么我們辛辛苦苦準備的倒裝句、虛擬語氣、分詞、從句、詞組仍然有用武之地，所以準備新四級千萬不要與以往的知識割裂。所謂的“萬變不離其宗”，如果我們熟練掌握四級大綱規定的詞匯、詞組、語法知識，并且活學活用，就不會被千變萬化的題型嚇倒。

常用的句子翻譯方法：正反、反正表達法，分句、合句法。

由于民族文化和思維方式不同，英漢兩種語言在表達同一概念時所采用的方式就有所不同。在表達否定概念時，英語和漢語使用的詞匯、語法、語言邏輯就有很大的差異。漢語中有些詞、短語或者句子是從反面表達的，而譯成英語時則需要從正面進行表達，如例

1、例

2、例3。反之，漢語中有些從正面表達的詞、短語或者句子，譯成英語時需要從反面進行表達，如例

4、例

5、例6。此外，漢語還有一些特殊的句子結構，如雙重否定(例7)、否定轉移(例8)在譯成英語時也需要引起我們的注意。

I.漢語從反面表達，譯文從正面表達

例1：他提出的論據相當不充實。

譯文：The argument he put forward is pretty thin.例2：我們確信，年輕一代將不會辜負我們的信任。

譯文：We are confident that the younger generation will prove worthy of our trust.例3：他七十歲了，可是并不顯老。

譯文：He was 70, but he carried his years lightly.II.漢語從正面表達，譯文從反面表達

例4：他這個人優柔寡斷，而且總是反復無常。

譯文：He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious.例5：調查結果清清楚楚地顯示病人死于心臟病。

譯文：The investigation left no doubt that the patient had died of heart disease.例6：這類舉動遲早會被人發覺的。

譯文：Such actions couldn’t long escape notice.III.特殊的否定句式

例7：有利必有弊。

譯文：There is not any advantage without disadvantage.例8：我們在那個城市從未因為是猶太人而遭受歧視。

譯文：In that city, we had never suffered discrimination because we were Jews.很多情況下，翻譯句子的時候，需要調整原來的句子結構，分句法和合句法是調整原文句子的兩種重要的方法。所謂分句法就是把原文的一個簡單句譯為兩個或兩個以上的句子。所謂合句法就是把原文兩個或兩個以上的簡單句或一個復合句譯成一個單句。

I.分句法

漢譯英時，需要分譯的句子多數是長句，或者是結構復雜的復句。這種句子如果譯成一個長句，就會使譯文冗長、累贅、意思表達不清楚，也不符合英文習慣。如果采用分譯，則會使譯文簡潔、易懂、層次分明。如以下五個例子：

例1.少年是一去不復返的，等到精力衰竭時，要做學問也來不及了。(按內容層次分譯)

譯文： Youth will soon be gone，never to return.And it will be too late for you to go into scholarship when in your declining years.例2.她隔窗望去，突然發現有只小船停泊在河邊，船里有位船夫睡得正香。(從主語變換處分譯)

譯文： Looking through the window, she suddenly spotted a boat moored to the bank.In it there was a boatman fast asleep.II.合句法

英漢兩種語言的句子結構不完全相同，盡管英語句子日趨簡潔，但是從句套從句，短語含短語的句型也是頻頻出現。一般而言，一個英語句子的信息包含量要大于一個漢語句子，因此，我們在做漢譯英的時候，常常把漢語的兩個句子，甚至更多句子，合譯成英語的一句。使用合句法還可以使譯文緊湊、簡練。如以下三個例子： 例：一代人與一代人之間的沖突，也就是年輕人與老年人的沖突，似乎是最可笑的。因為這就是現在的自己與將來的自己，或者說過去的自己與現在的自己的沖突。(在關聯詞處合譯)

譯文：A conflict between the generations between youth and age seems the most stupid, for it is one between oneself as one is and oneself as one will be, or between oneself as one was and oneself as one is.

第五篇：英語四級翻譯

一、歷史文化

四大文明古國：中國位于亞洲東部，是世界上人口最多的國家。中國是世界四大文明古國之一，擁有大量的中華文化光輝的古跡，此外，中國地大物博，擁有茂密的森林、雄偉壯麗的瀑布、秀麗的湖泊以及如利劍直插云霄的山峰，所有這些都令世界各國人民神往。但是，更重要的是，中國以擁有五千多年的歷史而自豪，遺留下無數的歷史文物，其中包括珍貴珠寶、古跡名勝、宮殿及數不盡的雄偉建筑，令人驚嘆不已。這種種原因都促使中國成為許多人夢寐以求的旅游勝地。

China lies in the east of Asia and it has the largest population in the world.China is also one of the four countries in the world that have an ancient civilization, Besides ,it has a vast territory with such abundant natural resources as dense forests, magnificent waterfalls, majestic and beautiful rivers and lakes, and mountains whose peaks reach high into the sky like swords.All these make China a singularly attractive place to tourists around the world.But, most importantly, China boasts a history of over five thousand years with innumerable historical relics left over from the long past, such as priceless pearls and jewels, historic sites and scenic spots, palaces and edifices of architectural richness, all of which have won people’s admiration.You are sure to find great enjoyment from all these attractions in China, a much-admired dream land.中華傳統文化：中華民族的傳統文化博大精深，源遠流長。早在2000多年前，就產生了以孔孟為代表的儒家學說和以老莊為代表的道家學說，以及其他許多也在中國思想史上有地位的學說流派，這就是有名的“諸子百家”。從孔夫子到孫中山，中華民族傳統文化有它的許多珍貴品質，許多人民性和民主性的好東西。比如，強調仁愛，強調群體，強調和而不同，強調天下為公。特別是“天下興亡，匹夫有責”的愛國情找，“民為邦本”，“民貴君輕”的民本思想，“己所不欲勿施于人”的待人之道，吃苦耐勞，勤儉持家，尊師重教的傳統美德，世代相傳。所有這些，對家庭，國家和社會起到了巨大的維系與調節作用。

The traditional Chinese culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long,long course.More than 2,000 years ago, there emerged in China Confucianism represented by Confucius and Mencius, Taoism represented by Lao Zi and ZhuangZi, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being covered by the famous term” the masters’hundred schools.” The traditional Chinese culture presents many precious idea sand qualities, which are essentially populist and democratic.For example, they lay stress on the importance of kindness and love in human relations, on the interest of the community, on seeking harmony without uniformity and on the idea that the world is for all.Especially, patriotism as embodied in the saying ”Everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country”;the populist ideas that “people are the foundation of the country” and that “people are the more important than the monarch”;the code of conduct of “Treat othersas you want to be treated”.And the traditional virtues taught from generation to generation: endurance and hard working diligence and frugality in household management ,and respecting teachers and valuing education.All of which have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the country and the society.漢語：從某種意義上說，漢語是一種很古老的語言，其最早的漢字已有近四千年的歷史了。漢字在其漫長的發展史中演化成許多不同的書寫形式，例如篆書、隸書、楷書和行書。中國書法家往往使漢字的字形夸張以取得藝術效果，例如旅游勝地的一些石刻碑文。中國書法是一門研究藝術，隨著各位學習興趣的提高，我們將適時介紹中國書法的流派，以及如何欣賞中國書法的藝術性。

In a sense ,Chinese is a very old language, and its earliest characters date back nearly four thousand years ago.During their long history of development, Chinese characters have evolved into many different script forms, such as the Sealscript, Clerical script, Regular script and Running script.Chinese calligraphers usually render their Chinese characters in ways that exaggerate the form to yield artistic beauty, such as those in stone inscriptions seen in tourist resorts.Chinese calligraphy is a subject of artistic study.As your interest in Chinese character system increases in the days to come, we will introduce in due time the different schools of Chinese calligraphy, and how to appreciate the artistic beauty of Chinese calligraphy.孔子：孔子(ConfUcius)是一位思想家、政治家，教育家，也是中國儒學(the Ru School)思想的創始人。儒學(Confucianism)，這個道德和宗教哲學的大系統建立在孔圣人(Master Kung)的教學上。馮友蘭，中國思想史上20世紀偉大的的權威之一，把孔子在中國歷史上的影響比作西方的蘇格拉底。Confucius was a thinker, political figure, educator, and founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought.Confucianism, the great system of moral and religious philosophy built upon the teachings of Master Kung.Fung You-lan, one of the great 20th century authorities on the history of Chinese thought, compares Confucius9 influence in Chinese history with that of Socrates in the West.紅樓夢：《紅樓夢》問世二百年以來,通過漢文原文和各種譯文讀過此書的人,不知有多少億!這么多的讀者哪一個是先看批評家的文章,然而再讓批評家牽著鼻子走,按圖索驥地去讀原作呢?我看是絕無僅有的。一切文學作品,特別是象《紅樓夢》這樣偉大的作品,內容異常地豐富,涉及到的社會層面異常地多,簡直象是一個寶山，一座迷宮。而讀者群就更加復雜，他們來讀《紅樓夢》，會各就自己的特點，欣賞該書中的某一個方面，受到鼓舞，受到啟發，引起了喜愛;也可能受到打擊，引起了憎惡。總之是千差萬別。

Ever since the publication of A Dream of Red Mansions some 200 years ago, hundreds of millions of people have read its Chinese original or its translations in various languages.Of these innumerable people, how many have read the novel by starting with a perusal of the critics' articles and allowing themselves to be led by the nose by the critics as to how to read the novel? Next to none.All literary works, especially a monumental one like A Dream of Red Mansions, are extremely rich in content and involve perse social strata-to such an extent that they virtually resemble a mountain of treasure or a labyrinth.And the readers are even more complicated, differing from each other in family background.They will each appreciate a certain aspect of the novel according to their own inpiduality.They may feel inspired and enlightened, and hence love it, or they may feel hurt, and hence loathe it.In short, the reactions vary.二、傳統節日 春節：春節慶祝活動是一年中最重要的慶祝活動。中國人慶祝春節的方式可能略微不同，但其愿望幾乎是相同的，他們希望其家人和朋友來年健康和幸運。春節慶祝活動通常持續15天。慶祝活動包括春節的年夜飯，放鞭炮，給兒童壓歲錢，春節鐘聲和春節問候。大多數中國人將在春節的第7天停止慶祝活動，因為全國性節假通常在這一天結束，但在公共場所的慶祝活動可能最終持續到正月十五。Chinese New Year Celebration is the most important celebration of the year.Chinese people may celebrate the Chinese New Year in slightly different ways but their wishes are almost the same;they want their family members and friends to be healthy and lucky during next year.Chinese New Year Celebration usually lasts for 15 days.Celebratory activities include Chinese New Feast, firecrackers, giving lucky money to children, the New Year bell ringing and Chinese New Year Greetings.Most of Chinese people will stop the celebrating in their home on the 7th day of New Year because the national holiday usually ends around that day, however celebrations in public areas can last until the 15th day of New Year.清明節：清明節的習俗是豐富有趣的，除了講究禁火、掃墓，還有踏青、蕩秋千、蹴鞠、打馬球、插柳等一系列風俗體育活動。相傳這是因為清明節要寒食禁火，為了防止寒食冷藏傷身，所以大家來參加一些體育活動，以鍛煉身體。因此，這個節日既有祭掃新墳生別死離得悲酸淚，又有踏青游玩的歡笑聲，是一個富有特色的節日。

Ching MingFestival(the Tomb-sweeping Festival), the custom is full of interesting.In addition to pay attention to ban fire, tomb-sweeping, as well as spring outing, swinging, Cuju, playing polo, Liu inserted a series of custom sports.According to legend, this is because the Ching Ming Festival to Cold Food Observance ban fire, in order to prevent the Cold Food Observance buffet beverages, so we come to participate in some sports, in order to exercise.Therefore, this festival which has both the acid tears of sorrow for the died and the laughter from the players, is adistinctive holiday.元宵節：與大多數中國節日一樣，元宵節同樣有自己的特色小吃，成為“湯圓”(也叫“元宵”)。湯圓外形圓圓的，外皮由糯米制成，內陷或甜或辣。人們都說湯圓有兩個象征之意，一為農歷的第一個月圓，二為家庭團聚圓滿。元宵節傳統習俗中還有一部分是關于猜燈謎的游戲。在過去，這些謎語大多出自于模糊的文學典故和中國古典文學之中，所以猜燈謎以前多為知識份子的“領地”。踩高蹺，敲大鼓和舞龍獅也是元宵節主要的娛樂活動。

Like most Chinese festivals, the Lantern Festival has its own special food, called “tangyuan”.These are round, glutinous rice dumplings with sweet or spicy fillings.The dumplings are said to symbolize both the first full moon and family utility and completeness.Part of the lantern festival tradition involves a game to guess riddles attached to the lanterns.In the old days the riddles were obscure literary allusions to the Chinese classics and so were mainly the preserve of the educated classes.Stilt-walking ,drumming and dragon and lion dancing are the main entertainment forms of the Lantern Festival.端午節：端午節，又叫龍舟節，是為了紀念愛國詩人屈原。屈原是一位忠誠和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他給國家帶來了和平和繁榮。但最后因為受到誹謗（vilify）而最終投河自盡。人們撐船到他自盡的地方，拋下粽子，希望魚兒吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身軀。幾千年來，端午節的特色在于吃粽子（glutinous dumplings）和賽龍舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。The Duan WuFestival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the patrioticpoet Qu Yuan.Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as are sult of being vilified.People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of QuYuan’s body.For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes.中秋節：農歷八月十五日是中國的傳統節日——中秋節。在這天，每個家庭都團聚在一起，一家人共同觀賞象征豐裕、和諧和好運的圓月。此時，大人們盡情吃著美味的月餅，品著熱騰騰的香茗，而孩子們則在一旁拉著明亮的兔子燈盡情玩耍。月宮里美麗的仙女嫦娥的神話故事賦予了這個節日神話色彩。傳說古時候，天空曾有10個太陽圍著地球旋轉。后翌射下了其中9個太陽，拯救了地球上的生靈。他偷了長生不老藥，卻被妻子嫦娥偷偷喝下，從而產生了嫦娥奔月的故事。

The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar month.It is atime for family members to congregate and enjoy the full moon, which is a symbol of abundance, harmony and luck.Adults usually indulge in fragrant mooncakes of various kinds with a good cup of hot Chinese tea, while the children run around with their brightly-lit rabbit lanterns.The festival wasendowed a mythological flavour with legends of Chang-E, the beautiful lady inthe moon.According to Chinese mythology, the earth once had 10 suns circling over it.Hou Yi, shot down 9 of the suns to save all the lives on carth.Hestole the elixir of life, which can make people immortal.However, his wife ,Chang-E drank it.Thus the legend of Chang-E flying into the moon came int obeing.三、傳統事物

筷子：中國人使用筷子已經有3 000多年的歷史了。中國的筷子夾菜的一端是圓的，象征著天；另一端是方的，象征著地。這是因為，維持充足的食物供應是天地之間最重要的事情。中國有個古老的風俗，女子出嫁時要用筷子當嫁妝，因為“筷子”與“快子”諧音。根據中國的餐桌禮儀，吃飯時一直握著筷子是不禮貌的。將菜送入口中后，應立刻把筷子放下。吃飯時，用筷子指著別人會對其造成冒犯。

There has been a history of more than 3 000 years for the Chinese to have meals with chopsticks.Chinese chopsticks are round on the eating end which symbolizes the heaven, and the other end is square which symbolizes the earth.It is because maintaining an adequate food supply is the greatest concern between the heaven and the earth.There is an old custom in the past in China, that chopsticks should be apart of a girl’s dowry.Kuaizi(chopsticks)is pronounced the same as “kuaizi”.The latter symbolized “quick” and “son”.According to the Chinese traditional table manners, it is impolite to hold the chopsticks all the time over the meal.As soon as one person sends a bite into his mouth, he should putdown the chopsticks.It would offend others to point at them with chopsticks over the meal.文房四寶：在中國，筆、墨、紙、硯（ink slab），就是人們所說的“文房四寶”，在中華文明的傳承中起了重要作用。文房四寶不僅有實用價值，它們本身也是供人觀賞的藝術品，并逐步成為收藏品。文房四寶品類繁多，豐富多彩，選材制作不斷趨于完善、精美，歷代都有名品、名匠產生，成為一種深厚的文化積淀。在當今時代，使用筆、墨、紙、硯進行學習、寫作的人越來越少了，但是，在中國的書法、繪畫、收藏以及修身養性活動中，它們仍起著不可替代的作用。

In China, “four treasures of the study” refers to “writing brush”, “ink stick”, “paper” and“ink slab”, playing an important role in passing on Chinese civilization.They not only have their value of practical use, but also become the works of art for appreciation and collection.There is a large variety of these four treasures.Selecting of materials and making process have become increasingly delicate and perfect.Each dynasty of Chinese history saw famous craftsmen appear and works produced, which is a profound process of cultural accumulation In contemporary times, “four treasures of the study” have been increasingly rarely used for study or writhing, but they are still playing anir replaceable role in the field of Chinese calligraphy, painting, collection and in the activities of cultivating one's mind.中國結：中國結（The Chinese Knot）是一種古老的藝術形式。人們發現，繩結可以追朔到10萬年前。中國人不僅用繩結來固定、包裹、狩獵、捕魚，還用來記錄事件，而且有些繩結純粹起裝飾作用。中國結具有文化內涵（cultural connotation）。由于結在漢語中的發音與“吉”相近。吉的意思是“福、祿、壽、喜、財、安、康”，這是中國人永恒的追求，因此有些中國結表達出人們的各種愿望。例如：新婚夫婦的房間通常用一個盤長結（Pan-chang Knot）來裝飾，象征著永恒的愛情。The Chinese Knot is an ancient art form and artifacts could be found as far back as 100 000years ago.Chinese people used knots for more than justfastening , wraping, hunting, fishing.Knots were also to record events ,and someknots had purely ornamentak functions.The Chinese Knot has cultural connotations.Since knot is pronounce d as“jie” in Chinese similar with that of “ji”,which means blessing,goodsalary,longevity,happpiness,fortune,safety and health and is the everl astingpursuit of Chinese people ,some Chinese Knots espress people's various hopes.Forexample ,the room of newlyweds is usually decorated with a Pan-Chang Knot to symbolizeeternal love.八大菜系：中國一個幅員遼闊、資源豐富、歷史悠久的多民族國家，每個民族都有其獨特的豐富菜肴。地域菜系在地理環境、氣候、文化傳統、民族風俗和其他因素的影響下經過悠久歷史的發展已經成形。最有影響力、最具代表性的是魯、川、粵、閩、蘇、浙、湘、徽菜系，這八種被人們稱為“八大菜系”。中國的“八大菜系”是以多種多樣的烹飪方法區分的，各有其長處。

China is atime-honored multi-ethnics nation with a vast territory and abundant resources,and every ethnic group has its unique abundant dishes.Regional cuisines havetaken shape after long-history evolution under the influence of geographicalenvironment, climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors.Themost influential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan，Yue, Min, Su，Zhe, Xiang and HuiCuisines, which are commonly known as “Eight Major Cuisines”.Dishes in the“Eight Major Cuisines” in China are characterized by persified cooking skills,with each having its strong points.四、傳統藝術

京劇：京劇被奉為中國的國粹，來源于18世紀晚期的安徽和湖北的當地劇種。京劇是中國所有劇種中最有影響力和代表性的，在中國乃至世界享有聲譽。京劇完美融合了多種藝術形式。京劇集傳統音樂、舞蹈、詩歌、雜耍、武術于一身，以華麗的戲服、逼真的臉譜和程式化的演出套路而聞名。京劇臉譜上每一種圖形和亮麗的顏色都有象征意義：紅色表示忠誠，藍色表示殘暴，黑色表示正直。Known as China’s national opera, Peking Opera originated in the late 18th century from the basis of some local operas in Anhui and Hubei Provinces.Peking Opera is the mostinfluential and representative of all operas in China.It has won great popularity not only in China but also throughout the world.Peking Opera is aharmonious combination of many art forms.It is a synthesis of traditional music, dancing, poetry, acrobatics and martial arts.It is famous for itsexquisite costumes, beautiful make-up or painted face, and established performing conventions and rules.Each of patterns and brilliant colors on the painted face has a symbolic meaning: red suggests loyalty;blue suggests cruelty;black suggests honesty.武術：武術在我國源遠流長，是中華民族傳統文化的瑰寶。我們知道，一個民族的優秀文化遺產，不僅僅屬于一個民族，它會逐漸傳播到世界而成為人類的共同財富。// 為了更好的推廣武術運動，使其與奧運項目接軌，中國武協和國際武聯做了大量的艱苦卓絕的工作。現在武術運動已被列為一種具有與保齡球運動和國際標準舞同等地位的奧運表演項目。//武術的蓬勃發展，除得益于其項目本身的吸引力之外，早期移居海外的一代武術大師功不可沒。//老一代武術家在海外播種下了武術的種子，使武術這門既可以自衛又可以健身的運動很快就在新的土地上扎下了根。今天高超的武術大師已遍布世界各地，武術愛好者也與日俱增。

Wushu, or Chinese martial art, can be traced back to ancient times.It is a gem of Chinese traditional culture.As well know, the fine culture of a nation does not belong to the nation alone and it will be spread to the rest of the world and shared by all humanity.// The Chinese Wushu Association and International Wushu Federation(IWUF)have been working very hard to popularize wushu and make the Chinese martial art closer to the Olympic Movement.Wushu was accepted to join bowling and international standard dance as an Olympic demonstration event.//The booming of wushu is attributed not only to the attractiveness of the sport but also to emigrant Chinese wushu masters over the years.// Martial artists of the older generation shave sown wushu seeds in foreign countries.Wushu, which can be used as self defense and can keep practitioners fit and strong, soon became popular on new lands.Today superb wushu masters are active all over the world, and amateurs are on the increase with each passing day.獅舞：獅舞（Lion Dance）是中國最廣為流傳的民間舞蹈之一。獅為百獸之首，在中國傳統中，獅子被視為是能帶來好運的吉祥物（mascot）。古人將獅子視作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驅趕邪惡、保護人類。據記載，獅舞已擁有了2,000多年的歷史。在唐代（the Tang Dynasty），獅舞就已經被引入了皇室。因此，舞獅成為元宵節（the Lantern Festival）和其他節日的習俗，人們以此來祈禱好運、平安和幸福。

The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China.The lion is the king of animals.In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck.Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of braveness and strength, which could drive away evil and protect humans.The dance has are corded history of more than 2,000 years.During the Tang Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal family of the dynasty.Therefore ,performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom where people could pray for good luck, safety and happiness.四六級考試的作文題目無非就是兩類： 第一．和自己發展有關的個人成長成功話題； 第二．和社會現象相關的學校社會熱點話題； 而四六級的寫作結構很固定： 第一段：引出話題（對于圖畫描述）第二段：闡釋話題 第三段：總結話題

第一類話題需要大家說自己的認識，其實就是喊出一些無用的口號，并且的變了方的把這些口號喊的比較復雜，人在成長成功過程中的品質通常包括了：某種品質對成功很重要: 可能出現的主題詞：

順境與逆境(Favorable Circumstances and adverse Circumstances)勤奮（diligence;painstaking work）謹慎和堅毅（prudence and determination）熱情和樂觀（, enthusiasm and optimism）

博學和求知（learnedness and seeking knowledge/pursuit of knowledge）絕望和堅持（Frustration and perseverance）獨立性問(independence)感恩(gratitude)創新(creation and innovation)鼓勵(encouragement)自滿和謙遜（self-satisfied and modest）合作（cooperation）等：注意替換主題詞就可以了.All in all, by cooperation among each other, we will be able to explore a wider world and reach further horizon.Furthermore, whatever difficulty or situation we are confronted with, those who have the spirit of cooperation and team work are nearer to success.Just as John Adams, the second U.S.president quoted from the ancient Greek Aesop’s Fables,“United we stand, divided we fall.”

自信：(confidence)

(可以把獨立換成考場上需要你寫的主題詞，比如，the spirit of impendence等)

社會和學校話題：

對于學校社會話題同樣是喊出口號，分析利弊，不可能寫出太多實質的話題：

常見的話題：

1． 資源保護(Energy and Resource Saving)環境保護(Environmental protection)低碳環保（low-carbon life）旅游對環境的影響（2． 人口增長(The growth of China’s population)3． 社會保障問題(Social security fund)4． 假冒偽劣產品問題(Counterfeits and unqualified products)食品安全(food safety)5． 消費者權益保護問題(The protection of consumers rights and interests)6． 社會誠信的缺失（Honest is the best policy.It pays to be honest.）

It is not hard to notice that without honesty/credibility, hardly can individuals or organizations make money, take profits, let alone obtain wealth in the long term, especially in this fiercely competitive modern world, I argue.我認為，不難發現，要是沒有誠信在這樣一個競爭激烈的現代社會中，從長期來看個人和組織是很難賺到錢，賺到利潤的，更不必說獲得財富了。

7.知識產權保護問題（Intellectual Property protection.No plagiarizing）8． 微博和微信的強勢崛起（The rise of the WeiBo,Wechat）9． 傳統文化的傳播（traditional Chinese culture）

It is my view that national culture as priceless spiritual treasure should be preserved and cherished.Meanwhile, there are good reasons to advocate international culture.While global economic integration has fostered thorough cultural interchanges, it is multiculturalism that essentially makes the society and its people diverse, colorful, vigorous and open-minded.Nevertheless, certainly, when we are confronted with a different culture, we should be sensible enough to absorb its essence and to resist its dark side.Only in this way can we promote cultural development positively and make our world dimensional, colorful and vigorous.孝敬父母（caring parents）(filial piety)Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which our parents can enjoy their life to the uttermost.10． 提高學生的身體素質（physical exercise build a strong body and relieve pressure and keep a pleasant mood）

11． 大學生的就業（sticking to our own choice of following our parent’s arrangement）

Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which our graduates can enjoy their careers to the uttermost.12． 大學城的建造（the construction of university town）

Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which our students can enjoy their study to the uttermost.先談社會話題：

負面的話題無非要涉及解決的問題，正面話題就是展望未來，現在送大家一些在考研和四六級中正負面話題都能用的表達：

The general public is supposed to enhance their awareness that 大眾需要提升對于…的意識是，In view of the complexity of such a topic, we must treat it socially, economically and culturally.考慮到話題的復雜性，我們必須從社會，經濟和文化角度來對待這個話題。

In a sense, it is not why sth.exists in today’s world but what we should do to cope with it.總之，不是討論為什么在今天的世界會存在這種話題，而在于我們應該怎么去應對他。

文章最后一定能用到的表達：

In view of the importance and the complexity of such a positive/negative phenomenon, we must treat it socially, economically and culturally and maintain it the very force that has driven our society/或 life forward.Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which people can enjoy their life to the uttermost./或in which student can enjoy their study to the uttermost.特別警惕，四六級還可以出一些應用文作為考察的對象，這里附上一篇歡迎辭； My dear new friends, You are welcomed to join in our English club.I am very glad that you will be a part of our fantastic club.Established in 2001, our club has celebrated her 10th birthday.In the past ten years, a lot of interesting activities have been designed and organized.Our most famous activities include talk shows, speech competition and role play competition.In our club, you will have ample opportunities to enjoy English movies, meet foreign friends and of course practice your oral English with them.I am sure you will enjoy happy moments in our club and make progress in your English learning.