第一篇：英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯題

1.It作形式主語(yǔ)時(shí)的常用句型

㈠形式一：It is+形容詞+that/wh-從句

例：It is important_____________________(保持生態(tài)平衡)。

答案：that we should keep the balance of nature

(本題考查It 作形式主語(yǔ)時(shí)的用法，英語(yǔ)中的主語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)為了避免頭重腳輕，常用it 作形式主語(yǔ)，而真正的主語(yǔ)用that引導(dǎo)放在后面)

㈡形式二：It+不及物動(dòng)詞+that?

例：He has been here only three days and_______________________(由此可見(jiàn)他對(duì)那事一無(wú)所知)。

答案：it follows that he knows nothing about that

(本題考查 It+不及物動(dòng)詞+that?結(jié)構(gòu)，注意前后句子時(shí)態(tài)的一致)

㈢形式三：It+be+名詞+that?

例：It is our wish that__________________(他愛(ài)怎么樣就怎么樣)

答案：he does what he pleases

(本題考查 It作形式主語(yǔ)的同時(shí)，涉及了考試大虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考查，在it is our wish/hope that 等結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用should+動(dòng)詞原形這樣的虛擬語(yǔ)氣)

㈣形式四：It+be+done+that?

例：It is said that____________________(宇宙形成于一次大爆炸以后)

答案：the universe formed after the Big Explode

(本題考查 It作形式主語(yǔ)的用法，常用于It+be+done+that?，結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有report, announce, expert等，常譯為“據(jù)說(shuō)”，“據(jù)報(bào)道”)

1.He told us not to wait for him because___________________(他是否來(lái)還不敢肯定)。

2.He has no intention of making progress so__________________(你老是幫助他是沒(méi)有用的)

3.（后來(lái)證實(shí)）________________she is a friend of my sister.4.Nevertheless,_________________(不可否認(rèn)的是)，it can bring some side-effects

答案：

1.it was uncertain whether he would come

2.it is no use that you always help him

3.It turned out that

4.it cannot be denied that 模擬演練：

1.She never laughed,_____________________(也從不發(fā)脾氣)。

2.All the key words in the article are printed in bold type so as to__________________(吸引讀者的注意力)。

3.The room is in a terrible mess,it____________________(肯定沒(méi)打掃過(guò))。

4.（這個(gè)計(jì)劃成功的關(guān)鍵）____________________is good planning.5.When I __________________(發(fā)現(xiàn)他騙我)I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop.答案：

1.nor did she ever lose temper/become angry

(本題有兩個(gè)考察點(diǎn)，第一，表示“兩個(gè)都不”的否定詞應(yīng)該用nor，要把它置于句首句子要有倒裝，第二，“發(fā)脾氣”的表達(dá)法：lose temper/become angry)

2.draw /attract reader’s attention

(考察draw /attract reader’s attention “引起某人注意”，so as to 后接do sth.)

3.can’t have been cleaned

(“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”表示推測(cè)，can’t表示不可能，如考試大推測(cè)的事為過(guò)去式，則情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后用完成式)

4.The key to the success of this project

(key在這里解答、關(guān)鍵，其后一般接介詞to)

5.found/caught him cheating me

(本題考察find/catch+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，表示發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事，cheat是及物動(dòng)詞，直接接賓語(yǔ)）2否定句

㈠部分否定句

部分否定句雖然是否定句的形式，但其否定意義只局限于整體的一部分。其形式為：概括詞all, both, every, everybody, everything, everywhere, always, altogether, entirely和wholly等。

例：There is a famous proverb saying that_______________________(閃光的東西并非都是金子）

答案：all that glitters is not gold

(本題主要考察部分否定句。該諺語(yǔ)中，that glitters是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面的all)㈡完全否定句

完全否定句是針對(duì)部分否定句而言，這種否定是徹底的。其形式為：no,none等否定詞+肯定式謂語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)的可以用于這一句型的否定意義的詞有：no, none, nobody, nowhere, anyhow, neither, never等，在這一句型中，不定代詞不能做主語(yǔ)。還有一種形式為all等概括詞+肯定式謂語(yǔ)+含否定意義的詞。

例：Cheap as it is,but__________________(我今天無(wú)論如何都買(mǎi)不到)

答案：anyhow I will not buy it today

(本題主要考察完全否定句，anyhow意思是“無(wú)論如何都不”)

1.Don’t you be told that __________________(這兩本書(shū)并非都是有益的)

2.Although most people like music,____________________________(但并非人人都想去聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì))

3.____________________________(他的一切計(jì)劃都泡湯了),so don’t count on his fulfilling the task on time.4.He is so excited_______________________________(他此時(shí)此刻的心情是無(wú)法用語(yǔ)言來(lái)形容的)

答案：

1.both of the books are not helpful 2.everyone don’t want to go to the concert

3.All his plan came to nothing 4.that none of the words can describe his feelings ㈢雙重否定句

①其形式一為：主語(yǔ)+cannot+help/refrain/keep+from+動(dòng)名詞。Help from, refrain from, keep from等詞具有“抑制，忍住”等否定含義，與cannot等連用，具有雙重否定的意義。

例：Having won the gold medal,___________________(他禁不住喜形于色)。

答案：he could not refrain from showing his pleasure.(本題考察雙重否定句，refrain from的意思是“克制，避免”)

②其形式二為：主語(yǔ)+cannot+but/choose but/help but+動(dòng)詞原形。

例：_______________________(我們別無(wú)選擇只好另投旅館住宿)，since all the hotels here are with signs “Be Booked Up”.答案：We could not help but look for another one to stay in.(本題考察雙重否定句，“cannot help but”句型，注意這里but后要用動(dòng)詞原形。)

③其形式三為：（There be）no+主語(yǔ)+but+謂語(yǔ)。在此句型中，but是關(guān)系代詞，即代替前面的名詞，又引導(dǎo)后面的從句，并且具有否定意義。

例：He is so devoted to his experiment that______________________(沒(méi)有人感覺(jué)不到他對(duì)事業(yè)的熱愛(ài))。

答案：not a man/no man but felt his love to his career

(本題考察雙重否定句型，“no+主語(yǔ)+but+謂語(yǔ)”，no相當(dāng)于not a 或 not any)

1.___________________(我們?nèi)滩蛔⌒ζ饋?lái))when he finished the story.2.______________________(人們不能不被他的事跡所感動(dòng))after knowing the bachelor has adopted five orphans.3.Don’t always stick to routines ,and you must know___________________(沒(méi)有無(wú)例外的規(guī)則)。

答案：

1.We could not help laughing

2.One cannot but be moved by his deeds

3.there is no rule but has its exceptions 3.判斷句

㈠強(qiáng)調(diào)判斷句

① 形式一：主語(yǔ)+be+no/none+other than/but+表語(yǔ)（強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容）

The man who stolen my watch was ______________________(不是別人，正是約翰)。no other than John ② 形式二：主語(yǔ)+be+nothing+(else)but/else than/less than+表語(yǔ)

例：The rich have their annoyances because ________________(有些人除了錢(qián)之外一無(wú)所有)。

答案：someone have nothing but money

（本題考察強(qiáng)調(diào)判斷句型“主語(yǔ)+be+nothing+(else)but”,the rich 意思是“富人”，屬于“the+形容詞”表示一類(lèi)人或物，表示一類(lèi)人作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)，表示抽象事物時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。

③ 形式三：It is/was+強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+從句

例：________________________(做那個(gè)實(shí)踐的正是我父親)in the lab yesterday.答案：It was my father who did the experiment.(本題考察強(qiáng)調(diào)判斷句型,強(qiáng)調(diào)的賓語(yǔ)是the experiment,引導(dǎo)詞用who)

1.The tall figure that I saw__________________(不是別人，正是我們的校長(zhǎng))。

2.To everyone’s surprise,_____________(他只是一味的笑)。

3._____________________(這正是我父親做的那個(gè)試驗(yàn))in the lab yesterday.答案：1.was none other than our president

2.he did nothing else than laugh

3.It was the experiment that my father did

（二）正反判斷句

① 形式一 ：主語(yǔ)+be +not+表語(yǔ)A +but+表語(yǔ)B

例：There are different opinions about the true meaning of life, but most people believe that_________________________________(生命并不一定要漫長(zhǎng)，但是要五彩繽紛)。

答案：life is not always long but it must be amazing

(本題考察正反判斷句，注意but后如果是一個(gè)完整的句子，主語(yǔ)一定要和前面的保持一致)

② 形式二：（It is）not ?that(who)?,but? that(who)?

例：It is not that I dislike the work,_________________________(而是我沒(méi)有時(shí)間)

答案：but that I have no time

(本題考察正反判斷句，注意“not that ?but that”中的兩個(gè)that 均不能省略)

1.I am badly ill,______________________________(不是肉體上，而是精神上)。2.It is not heroes who create the people, but the people ______________________(創(chuàng)造英雄并推動(dòng)歷史向前)。

3.It is a big joke that _________________________(無(wú)論何時(shí)我聽(tīng)到它都忍不住笑起來(lái))。

答案：

1.not bodily, but mentally 2,who create heroes and move history onward 3.I can’t help laughing whenever I hear it ㈢比較判斷句

① 形式一：主語(yǔ)+be +less/more+表語(yǔ)A+ than+表語(yǔ)B

例：He does everything with great care but I think ________________________(與其說(shuō)他謹(jǐn)慎，不如說(shuō)他是怯懦)。

答案：he is more poltroon than cautious.(本題考察比較判斷句型“more ? than ”的用法，它的意思是“與其說(shuō)?不如說(shuō)?”，more和than后接對(duì)稱(chēng)成分)

② 形式二：主語(yǔ)+be +not so much+表語(yǔ)A +as+表語(yǔ)B

例：Judging from his words, we can know that___________________________(他不是生病，而是情緒低落)。

答案：he isn’t so much ill as depressed.(本題考察比較判斷句型 not so much ? as, 意思是“不是?而是?”)

③ 形式三：主語(yǔ)+be+ rather表語(yǔ)A+ than+ 表語(yǔ)B

例：He who can recite 500 poems_____________________________(與其說(shuō)他聰明，不如說(shuō)他勤奮。)

答案：is rather diligent than clever

(本題考察比較判斷句型“rather ? than”的用法，它的意思是“與其說(shuō)?不如說(shuō)?”，和rather than后接對(duì)稱(chēng)成分)

1.One blind man says that____________________________(與其說(shuō)大象像別的東西，不如說(shuō)它像一根長(zhǎng)矛。）

2.Scientists believe that_____________________________(與其說(shuō)海洋分隔了世界，倒不如說(shuō)海洋連接了各國(guó)。）

1.the elephant is more like a spear than anything else 2.Oceans don’t so much divide the world as unite it 4.倍數(shù)表示句型

①形式一：主語(yǔ)+be+倍數(shù)+that of+被比較對(duì)象/as+形容詞+as+被比較對(duì)象

例：By that time we shall________________(生產(chǎn)的糧食將比2006年增加了3倍)。

答案：produce four times as much grain as we did 2006

(本題考察倍數(shù)表達(dá)法，倍數(shù)表達(dá)法要分清是原來(lái)的幾倍，此題“增加了3倍”即是原來(lái)的四倍，另外，as?as中間要用形容詞原型。)

第二篇：2014英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯預(yù)測(cè)題

練習(xí)1 ? 中國(guó)將進(jìn)一步發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)、擴(kuò)大開(kāi)放，這對(duì) 海外企業(yè)（enterprises）意味著更多的商機(jī)。改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)，中國(guó)企業(yè)與海外企業(yè)一直 積極開(kāi)展經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)合作，并取得了巨大成 就。海外企業(yè)不僅幫助了中國(guó)企業(yè)的成長(zhǎng)，而且也在合作中獲得了收益。中國(guó)政府將 繼續(xù)提供有利的政策和條件，推動(dòng)中國(guó)企 業(yè)與國(guó)外企業(yè)進(jìn)一步開(kāi)展合作。

key 1? China will develop its economy further and open itself wider to the outside world, which offers more business opportunities to overseas enterprises.SinceChina’s reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises have been cooperating with overseas enterprises in terms of economy and technology, and have scored great achievement.Overseas enterprises have not only helped Chinese enterprises with their growth, but also benefited from the cooperation.Chinese government will continue to offer favorable policies and conditions to promote the further cooperation between Chinese and overseas enterprises.練習(xí)2? 獅舞（Lion Dance）是中國(guó)最廣為流傳的民間舞蹈 之一。獅為百獸之首，在中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)中，獅子被視 為是能帶來(lái)好運(yùn)的吉祥物（mascot）。古人將獅 子視作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驅(qū)趕邪惡、保護(hù) 人類(lèi)。據(jù)記載，獅舞已擁有了2,000多年的歷史。在唐代（the Tang Dynasty），獅舞就已經(jīng)被引入 了皇室。因此，舞獅成為元宵節(jié)（the Lantern Festival）和其他節(jié)日的習(xí)俗，人們以此來(lái)祈禱好 運(yùn)、平安和幸福。

Key 2? The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China.The lion is the king of animals.In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck.Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of braveness and strength, which could drive away evil and protect humans.The dance has a recorded history of more than 2,000 years.During the Tang Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal family of the dynasty.Therefore, performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom where people could pray for good luck, safety and happiness.練習(xí)3 ? 假日經(jīng)濟(jì)的現(xiàn)象表明：中國(guó)消費(fèi)者的消費(fèi) 觀正在發(fā)生巨大變化。根據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，中 國(guó)消費(fèi)者的消費(fèi)需求正在從基本生活必需 品轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)π蓍e、舒適和個(gè)人發(fā)展的需求。同時(shí)，中國(guó)人的消費(fèi)觀在蓬勃發(fā)展的假日 經(jīng)濟(jì)中正變得成熟。因此產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)做相 應(yīng)調(diào)整，來(lái)適應(yīng)社會(huì)的發(fā)展。另一方面，服務(wù)質(zhì)量要改善，以滿足人們提高生活質(zhì) 量的要求。Key 3? The phenomenon of holiday economy shows that Chinese people’s consumption concept is undertaking great changes.According to statistics, the demands of Chinese consumers are shifting from the basic necessities of life to leisure, comfort and personal development.Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development.On the other hand, services should be improved to satisfy people’s demand for an improved quality of life.練習(xí)4 ? 端午節(jié)，又叫龍舟節(jié)，是為了紀(jì)念?lèi)?ài)國(guó)詩(shī)人屈原。屈原是一位忠誠(chéng)和受人敬仰的大 臣（minister）,他給國(guó)家?guī)?lái)了和平和繁榮。但最后因?yàn)槭艿秸u謗（vilify）而最終投河自 盡。人們撐船到他自盡的地方，拋下粽子，希望魚(yú)兒吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身軀。幾 千年來(lái)，端午節(jié)的特色在于吃粽子（glutinous dumplings）和賽龍舟，尤其是 在一些河湖密布的南方省份。Key 4? The Duanwu Festival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan.Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified.People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of Qu Yuan’s body.For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes.練習(xí)5? 2013年6月20日在中國(guó)各地，劇估計(jì)60萬(wàn)兒童和他們 的老師觀看了有宇

航員（astronaut）王亞平在距離 地球300公里的上空所講授的科學(xué)課。王亞平與兩個(gè) 同事

乘坐天宮一號(hào)實(shí)驗(yàn)艙(the Tiangon-1 laboratory module)執(zhí)行為期兩周的任務(wù)。她在課上進(jìn)行

了一系 列太空的物理演示。在有些演示中還對(duì)比了在地球 上重力（one-gravity）環(huán)境下同

樣的實(shí)驗(yàn)。這堂物理 課不僅讓孩子們享受了一堂知識(shí)與樂(lè)趣兼具的物理 課，也顯示了 我國(guó)通信科技的前進(jìn)。

Key 5? On June 20, 2013, an estimated 600 thousand school children and their teachers

across China watched a science lesson taught from 300km above the Earth by astronaut Wang

Yaping.Wang is aboard the Tiangong-1 laboratory module with two crewmates, for a two-week

mission.Her lessons were a series of physics demonstrations in the space.In some demonstrations,she compared with the same experiment under the one-gravity environment on Earth.The lesson

has not only offered children a physics lesson with knowledge and interest, but also shows the

advance in communication technology of China.1． 通常看一個(gè)讀些什么書(shū)就可知道他的為人，就像看他同什么人交往就可知道他的為人一

樣，因?yàn)橛腥艘匀藶榘椋灿腥艘詴?shū)為伴。無(wú)論是書(shū)友還是朋友，我們都應(yīng)該以最好的為伴。但如果你放下了一本你不喜歡看的書(shū)而不斷地去找尋另外一本對(duì)你有意義的書(shū)，因?yàn)檫@樣一本書(shū)讓你得到消遣放松，你確定很享受——因?yàn)殚喿x，你變得更好，更聰慧，更和善或者說(shuō)更文雅，如果沒(méi)有閱讀的過(guò)程你什么也享用不了。他認(rèn)為這本書(shū)和書(shū)中的知識(shí)只是違背他自身世界的另一個(gè)世界，一個(gè)他不存在也不想介入的世界，一個(gè)可恨的老師們代表著和標(biāo)榜著的世界。

1．A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps;for

there is a companionship of books as well as of men;and one should always live in the best

company, whether it be of books or of men.But if you put down a book you don?t like and try

another till you find one that means something to you, and then relax with it, you will almost

certainly have a good time—and if you become as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder or more

gentle, you won?t have suffered during the process.He felt that books and the knowledge in them

were part of a world that was against him, a world to which he did not belong and which he did

not want to enter, the world of which the hateful teachers were representatives and symbols.2．我們對(duì)歷史的愛(ài)好起源于我們最初僅對(duì)一些歷史上的宏偉場(chǎng)面和激動(dòng)人心的事件感到孩

童般的興趣；其后，這種愛(ài)好變得成熟起來(lái)，我們開(kāi)始對(duì)歷史這出“戲劇”的多樣性和復(fù)雜

性，對(duì)歷史上的輝煌成就和悲壯失敗也感興趣；對(duì)歷史的愛(ài)好，最終以我們對(duì)人類(lèi)生命的一

種深沉的神秘感而告結(jié)束。對(duì)死去的，無(wú)論是偉大與平凡，所有在這個(gè)地球上走過(guò)而已逝的人，都有能取得偉大奇跡或制造可怕事件的潛力。

答案 2．It begins as a childlike interest in the grand spectacle and exciting event;it grows as a

mature interest in the variety and complexity of the drama, the splendid achievements and terrible

failures;it ends as deep sense of the mystery of man?s life of all the dead, great and obscure, who

once walked the earth, and of wonderful and awful possibilities of being a human being.中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)慶膳食是節(jié)日必不可少的伴侶。例如，我國(guó)的端午節(jié)(the Dragon Boat Festival)

是紀(jì)念古代 詩(shī)人屈原的日子。那一天，人們通常要賽龍舟、吃粽子(zongzi)。中秋節(jié)是觀賞

滿月的日子。圓圓的月亮象征 著圓滿，象征著家庭團(tuán)聚。因此，中秋節(jié)(The Mid-autumn

Festival)的特制食品是一種圓形的月餅。春節(jié)是中國(guó) 的農(nóng)歷新年(the Chinese lunar New Year’

s holiday)，除了常見(jiàn)的家禽和肉類(lèi)之外，人們還要按各自的地方習(xí)俗 烹制傳統(tǒng)食物，如鉸

子和年糕。

Traditional Chinese holiday meals are indispensable on some festivals.For example, the Dragon

Boat Festival is a day established in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan and people usually hold

dragon boat races and eat zongzi, or rice dumpling on that day.The Mid-autumn Festival is an

occasion for viewing the full moon.The round moon is a symbol for completeness and family

reunion.The special food of the day is yuebing, a round cake known as the mooncake.The Spring

Festival is the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday.Besides the popular poultry and meat, people

cook traditional food according to regional customs, for example, jiaozi, or boiled dumplings, and

niangao, or the “ 1 ” new year cake

北京有無(wú)數(shù)的胡同(hutong)。平民百姓在胡同里的生活給古都北京帶來(lái)了無(wú)窮的魅力。北京的胡同不僅僅 是平民百姓的生活環(huán)境，而且還是一門(mén)建筑藝術(shù)。通常，胡同內(nèi)有一個(gè)大雜

院，房間夠4到10個(gè)家庭的差不多20 口人住。所以，胡同里的生活充滿了友善和人情味。

如今，隨著社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展，很多胡同被新的高樓大 廈所取代。但愿胡同可以保留

下來(lái)

In Beijing, there are numerous hutongs.The life of common people in hutongs brings endless

charm to the ancient capital, Beijing.The hutong in Beijing is not only the living environment of

common people but also a kind of architecture.Usually, there is a courtyard complex inside

hutong, with rooms shared by 4 to 10 families of about 20 people.Therefore, life in hutongs is full

of friendliness and genuine humanity.Nowadays, with rapid social and economic development,many hutongs are replaced by new tall buildings.I hope hutongs can be preserved.過(guò)去的七年，中國(guó)的房地產(chǎn)(real estate)業(yè)經(jīng)歷了前所未有的高速增長(zhǎng)。對(duì)于那些月薪較低卻

渴望在大城市 擁有一套屬于自己的體面、舒適的棲身之所的人來(lái)說(shuō)，高昂的房?jī)r(jià)是他們無(wú)

法承受的負(fù)擔(dān)。鑒于這一狀況，政府近來(lái)采取了一系列的措施來(lái)防止房?jī)r(jià)過(guò)快增長(zhǎng)，包括提

高利率及增加房產(chǎn)稅等。目前，這些措施在部分城市已經(jīng) 取得了初步的成效

In the past seven years, China’s real estate industry has developed in a record high speed.For

those who earn less but are eager to own a decent and comfortable place of their own in a big city,the high housing price is a heavy burden that they cannot afford.For this reason, the government

has taken a series of measures to prevent the housing price from rising too fast, including raising

interest rates and increasing taxes on real estate etc.Presently, these measures have achieved

initial effects in some cities.如今，越來(lái)越多的大學(xué)生抱怨很難找到好工作。造成這一現(xiàn)象的原因如下：首先，大學(xué)生把

在校的大多數(shù) 時(shí)間都用在了專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)科學(xué)習(xí)上，只有當(dāng)他們開(kāi)始找工作的時(shí)候，才意識(shí)到自

己缺乏必要的職業(yè)培訓(xùn)。其次，大 學(xué)生之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)也越來(lái)越激烈，這導(dǎo)致任何一名大學(xué)生

找到工作的機(jī)會(huì)都變小了。因此，強(qiáng)烈建議大學(xué)生在 課余時(shí)間做一些兼職工作，以積累相

關(guān)的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

Nowadays, more and more university students complain about having great difficulties in finding

a good job.The reasons for this phenomenon are as follows: First, college students spend most of

their time at school studying academic subjects and it is only when they start looking for a job that

they realize they lack necessary job training.Second, competitionamong graduates has become

more and more fierce.And this results in a decreased chance for any individual graduate to find a

job.Therefore, it is highly suggested that college students should do some part-time jobs in their

spare time to accumulate relevant working experience.練習(xí)題一：Section ADirections: In this section, there is apassage with ten blanks.You are

required to select one word for each blankfrom a list of choices given in a word bank following

the passage.Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the

bankis identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each itemon Answer Sheet 2

with a single line through the centre.You may not use any ofthe words in the bank more than once.A novel way of making computer memories, using bacteriaFOR half a century, the(1)of

progress in the computer industry has been to do more with less.Moore's law famously observes

that the number of transistors which can be crammed into a given space(2)every 18 months.The amount of data that can be stored has grown at a similar rate.Yet as(3)get smaller, making

them gets harder and more expensive.On May 10th Paul Otellini, the boss of Intel, a big

American chipmaker, put the price of a new chip factory at around $10 billion.Happily for those

that lack Intel's resources, there may be a cheaper option—namely to mimic Mother Nature,who

has been building tiny(4), in the form of living cells and their components, for billions of years,and has thus got rather good at it.A paper published in Small, a nanotechnology journal , sets

out the latest example of the(5).In it, a group of researchers led by Sarah Staniland at the

University of Leeds, in Britain, describe using naturally occurring proteins to make arrays of tiny

magnets, similar to those employed to store information in disk drives.The researchers took

their(6)from Magnetospirillum magneticum, a bacterium that is sensitive to the Earth's magnetic

field thanks to the presence within its cells of flecks of magnetite, a form of iron oxide.Previous

work has isolated the protein that makes these miniature compasses.Using genetic engineering,the team managed to persuade a different bacterium—Escherichia coli, a ubiquitous critter that is a

workhorse of biotechnology—to(7)this protein in bulk.Next, they imprinted a block of gold

with a microscopic chessboard pattern of chemicals.Half the squares contained anchoring points

for the protein.The other half were left untreated as controls.They then dipped the gold into a

solution containing the protein, allowing it to bind to the treated squares, and dunked the whole lot

into a heated(8)of iron salts.After that, they examined the results with an electron microscope.Sure enough, groups of magnetite grains had materialised on the treated squares, shepherded into

place by the bacterial protein.In principle, each of these magnetic domains could store the one

or the zero of a bit of information, according to how it was polarised.Getting from there to a real

computer memory would be a long road.For a start, the grains of magnetite are not strong

enough magnets to make a useful memory, and the size of each domain is huge by modern

computing(9).But Dr Staniland reckons that, with enough tweaking, both of these objections

could be dealt with.The(10)of this approach is that it might not be so capital-intensive as

building a fab.Growing things does not need as much kit as making them.If the tweaking could

be done, therefore, the result might give the word biotechnology a whole new meaning.A)componentB)advantageC)standardsD)complimentsE)essenceF)inspirationG)disadvantageH)doubles I)solutionJ)resolution K)deL)manufacture M)spiritN)

product O)technique

Nice juicy AppleALTHOUGH he is still(1)things up at Dell, an ailing computer-maker, Carl

Icahn has found time to tilt at another tech titan.On August 13th the veteran shareholder activist

(2)that he had built up a stake in Apple, though he stayed mum about exactly how many shares he

had bought.Mr Icahn’s intentions, however, are crystal clear: he wants the consumer-electronics

behemoth to expand plans to return some of its whopping $147 billion of cash and marketable

securities to shareholders.Mr Icahn is also after more money at Dell, where he has been lobbying with allies against a(3)buy-out plan put forward by Michael Dell, the firm’s founder, and Silver Lake, a private-equity firm.His pressing has already forced the buy-out group to raise its initial offer by over $350m, to $24.8 billion and he has taken his(4)to the courts in a bid to extract an even higher price.Other tech firms have been attracting the attention of activist investors too.Earlier this year ValueAct Capital, an investment fund, said it had built up a $2 billion stake in Microsoft.Jaguar Financial, a Canadian bank, has been(5)fresh thinking at troubled BlackBerry, which announced on August 12th that it is exploring various(6)options, including alliances and a possible sale.And Elliott Management, a hedge fund, has been lobbying for change at NetApp, a data-storage firm that it thinks could do more to improve returns to(7).One reason tech firms have found themselves in activists’ crosshairs is that, like Apple, some built up big cash piles during the economic downturn and have been slow to use the money.Financiers hope to get them to loosen their purse-strings faster and to pocket some of the cash.Mr Icahn wants Apple to increase and(8)a share buy-back programme that is currently set to return $60 billion to shareholders by the end of 2015.Another reason that tech firms make tempting targets for shareholder activists is that swift changes in technologies can trip up even the mightiest.Witness the case of Microsoft, which ruled the roost during the personal-computer era but has struggled to adapt to a world in which tablets and smartphones are all the rage.Investors hope to mint money by pushing companies to change more rapidly in response to such upheavals in their markets.The rewards can be substantial.Egged on by Third Point, an activist hedge fund, Yahoo

(9)Marissa Mayer as its new chief executive in July 2012.By the time she celebrated a year in the job last month, the troubled web giant’s share price had risen by over 70%.In July the hedge fund sold a big chunk of shares back to Yahoo.Mr Icahn thinks Apple’s share price, which closed at $499 on August 14th, could soar too if the firm follows his advice on buy-backs.He tweeted this week that he had had a “nice(10)” with Tim Cook, Apple’s boss, about his idea, though he did not say what Mr Cook thought of it.If Apple drags its feet, expect things to turn nasty.A)shareholders B)strategicC)communication D)battleE)conversation F)encouragingG)exciting H)stirring I)appointed J)raceK)revealed L)method M)accelerate N)proposed

1.E)essence 2.H)doubles 3.A)components 4.K)devices 5.O)technique 6.F)inspiration

7.L)manufacture 8.I)solution 9.C)standards 10.B)advantage

答案1.H)stirring 2.K)revealed 3.N)proposed 4.D)battle 5.F)encouraging 6.B)strategic 7.A)shareholders 8.M)accelerate 9.I)appointed 10.E)conversation

第三篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯真題

2014年12月 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題（第一套）

大熊貓是一種溫順的動(dòng)物，長(zhǎng)著獨(dú)特的黑白皮毛。因其數(shù)量極少，大熊貓已被列為瀕危物種。大熊貓對(duì)于世界自然基金會(huì)有著特殊意義。自1961年該基金會(huì)成立以來(lái)，大熊貓就一直是它的徽標(biāo)。大熊貓是熊科中最稀有的成員，主要生活在中國(guó)西南部的森林里。目前，世界上大約有1000只大熊貓。這些以竹為食的動(dòng)物正面臨許多威脅。因此，確保大熊貓的生存比以往更重要。

Panda is a kind of docile animal, with unique black and white fur.Because of its scarcity, panda has been listed as the endangered species.Panda has been playing a special role in WWF.Panda has been the logo of WWF since it was founded in 1961.It is the rarest member among the ursidae animals, living mainly in the forests of the China Southwest.Up to now there are about 1000 pandas all over the world.These animals which live on bamboo face many threats.So it is more important to protect them than before.2014年12月 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題（第二套）

越來(lái)越多的中國(guó)年輕人正在對(duì)旅游產(chǎn)生興趣，這是今年來(lái)的新趨勢(shì)。年輕游客數(shù)量的不斷增加，可以歸因于他們迅速提高的收入和探索外部世界的好奇心。隨著旅行多了，年輕人在大城市和著名景點(diǎn)花的時(shí)間少了，他們反而更為偏遠(yuǎn)的地方所吸引。有些人甚至選擇長(zhǎng)途背包旅行。最近調(diào)查顯示，很多年輕人想要通過(guò)旅行體驗(yàn)不同的文化、豐富知識(shí)、擴(kuò)展視野。

Chinese young people in mounting numbers come to be interested in tourism, which is a new trend of this year.Rising number of young tourists, can be attributed to their rapidly increase income and the curiosity to explore the outside world.With the increase of traveling, the young spend less time in big cities and famous attractions;they are more attracted to remote locations.Some people even choose backpacking trip for long-distance.Recent survey indicates that many young people want to travel to experience different culture, enrich knowledge and broaden view.2014年12月 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題（第三套）

中國(guó)的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)社區(qū)是全世界發(fā)展最快的。2010年，中國(guó)約有4.2億網(wǎng)民（netizens），并且人數(shù)還在迅速增長(zhǎng)。互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的日漸流行帶來(lái)了重大的社會(huì)變化。中國(guó)網(wǎng)民往往不同美國(guó)網(wǎng)民。美國(guó)網(wǎng)民更多的是受實(shí)際需要的驅(qū)使，用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為工具發(fā)電子郵件、買(mǎi)賣(mài)商品、規(guī)劃旅程或付款。中國(guó)網(wǎng)民更多是出于社交原因使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，因而更廣泛地使用QQ、聊天室等。

China’s Internet community develops fastest all over the world.There were nearly 420 million netizens in China in 2010, and the number is still getting larger and larger.The increasing popularity of the Internet has created a significant social change.The Chinese netizens are different from the American netizens.American netizens are more driven by the real necessity, and they use the Internet to send emails, do some shopping, make a travel plan or make a payment.However, Chinese netizens use the Internet mainly out of the social intercourse , so the chat rooms and QQ are widely used by them.2014年6月 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題（第一套）

中國(guó)應(yīng)進(jìn)一步發(fā)展核能，因?yàn)楹穗娔壳爸徽计淇偘l(fā)電量的2%。該比例在所有核國(guó)家中居30位，幾乎是最低的。

2011年3月日本核電站事故后，中國(guó)的核能開(kāi)發(fā)停了下來(lái)，中止審批新的核電站，并開(kāi)展全國(guó)性的核安全檢查。到2012年10月，審批才又謹(jǐn)慎地恢復(fù)。

隨著技術(shù)和安全措施的改進(jìn)，發(fā)生核事故的可能性完全可以降到最低程度。換句話說(shuō)，核能是可以安全開(kāi)發(fā)和利用的。

China should further develop nuclear energy, because nuclear power currently accounts for only 2% of its total generating capacity.The proportion ranks the 30th among all countries possessing nuclear energy, which is almost the lowest.China’s nuclear power development stopped after the nuclear power station accident in Japan in March, 2011.The approval of new nuclear power plants was suspended, and the nationwide nuclear energy safety inspection started.It wasn’t until October, 2012 was examine and approval restored cautiously.With the improvement of technology and safety measures, the possibility of nuclear accidents can definitely be minimized.In other words, the nuclear energy can be exploited and utilized safely.2014年6月 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題（第二套）

中國(guó)教育工作者早就認(rèn)識(shí)到讀書(shū)對(duì)于國(guó)家的重要意義。有些教育工作者2003年就建議設(shè)立全民讀書(shū)日。他們強(qiáng)調(diào)，人們應(yīng)當(dāng)讀好書(shū)，尤其是經(jīng)典著作。通過(guò)閱讀，人們能更好地學(xué)會(huì)感恩、有責(zé)任心和與人合作，而教育的目的正是要培養(yǎng)這些基本素質(zhì)。閱讀對(duì)于中小學(xué)生尤為重要，假如他們沒(méi)有在這個(gè)關(guān)鍵時(shí)期培養(yǎng)閱讀的興趣，以后要養(yǎng)成閱讀的習(xí)慣就很難了。

Chinese educators have long known that reading is of great importance to a nation.Some of them even proposed to establish the National Reading Day in 2003.They emphasized that people should read good books, especially the classic ones.By reading, people can better learn to be grateful, responsible and cooperative, the very basic qualities education intends to foster.Reading is especially important for students in the primary school and middle school;if the interest of reading is not fostered at that critical period, it will be quite difficult to cultivate the habit of reading later.2014年6月 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題（第三套）

為了促進(jìn)教育公平，中國(guó)已投入360億元，用于改善農(nóng)村地區(qū)教育設(shè)施和加強(qiáng)中西部地區(qū)農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育（compulsory education）。這些資金用于改善教學(xué)設(shè)施、購(gòu)買(mǎi)書(shū)籍，使16萬(wàn)多所中小學(xué)受益。資金還用于購(gòu)置音樂(lè)和繪畫(huà)器材。現(xiàn)在農(nóng)村和山區(qū)的兒童可以和沿海城市的兒童一樣上音樂(lè)和繪畫(huà)課。一些為接受更好教育而轉(zhuǎn)往城市上學(xué)的學(xué)生如今又回到了本地農(nóng)村學(xué)校就讀。

In order to promote education equity, China has invested 36 billion yuan to improve the education facilities in rural areas and strengthen rural compulsory education in the central and western regions.The funds is used to better the school’s teaching facilities and purchase books, from which more than 160,000 middle and primary schools have gained benefits.The money is also spent on acquiring musical and painting instruments.Nowadays, children in rural and mountainous areas can have access to music and painting lessons just like children in coastal cities.Some students who had once transferred to urban schools for better education now return to the local rural schools.2013年12月 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題（第一套）

許多人喜歡中餐。在中國(guó)，烹飪不僅被視為一種技能，而且也被視為一種藝術(shù)。精心準(zhǔn)備的中餐既可口又好看。烹飪技藝和配料在中國(guó)各地差異很大。但好的烹飪都有一個(gè)共同點(diǎn)，總是要考慮到顏色、味道、口感和營(yíng)養(yǎng)(nutrition)。由于食物對(duì)健康至關(guān)重要，好的廚師總是努力在谷物、肉類(lèi)和蔬菜之間取得平衡，所以中餐既味美又健康。

Many people are fond of Chinese cuisine.In China, cooking is regarded not only as a craftsmanship, but also as an art.A well-prepared Chinese cuisine is both tasty and good-looking.Cooking skills and dish ingredients vary a lot in different regions of China.However, good Chinese cuisine always shares something in common, that is, the color, aroma, taste, and nutrition.As food is vital to one’s health, a good chef if always trying to strike a balance among grains, meat and vegetables.That’s why Chinese cuisine is tasty and healthy.2013年12月 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題（第二套）

中國(guó)結(jié)（the Chinese knot）最初是由手工藝人發(fā)明的，經(jīng)過(guò)數(shù)百年不斷的改進(jìn)，已經(jīng)成為一種優(yōu)雅多彩的藝術(shù)和工藝。在古代，人們用它來(lái)記錄事件，但現(xiàn)在主要用于裝飾的目的。“結(jié)”在中文里意味著愛(ài)情、婚姻和團(tuán)聚。中國(guó)結(jié)常常作為禮物交換或用作飾品祈求好運(yùn)和避邪。這種形式的手工藝（handicraft）代代相傳，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)在中國(guó)和世界各地越來(lái)越受歡迎。

The Chinese knot, originally invented by the craftsmen, has become an elegant and colorful art and craft over hundreds of years’ continuous improvement.In ancient times, it was used to record events, but nowadays it is mainly functioning as decoration.“knot” signifies love, marriage and reunion in Chinese.Often used as gifts exchange or decoration, Chinese knot is believed to bring good luck as well as ward off evil spirits.The handicraft has been passed down from one generation to another and now enjoys more and more popularity both at home and abroad.2013年12月 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題（第三套）

“你要茶還是咖啡？”是用餐人常被問(wèn)到的問(wèn)題。許多西方人會(huì)選咖啡，而中國(guó)人則會(huì)選茶。相傳，中國(guó)的一位帝王于五千多年前發(fā)現(xiàn)了茶，并用來(lái)治病。在明清（the Ming and Qing Dynasties）期間，茶館遍布全國(guó)。飲茶在6世紀(jì)傳到了日本，但直到17、18世紀(jì)才傳到歐美。如今，茶是世界上最流行的飲料(beverage)之一。茶是中國(guó)的民族飲品，也是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)和文化的重要組成部分。

This is what diners are often asked, “Would you like tea or coffee?” Many Westerners favor coffee while the Chinese tend to choose tea.Tradition has it that an ancient Chinese emperor discovered the tea five thousand years ago and used it to treat illnesses.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, teahouses spread all over the country.Tea drinking was introduced to Japan in the 16th century while it had not been introduced into Europe and America until the 17th and 18th centuries.Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world.It is not only a kind of Chinese national drink, but also an important part of Chinese tradition and culture.2013年6月 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題（第一套）

春節(jié)貼年畫(huà)（pasting New Year paintings）的風(fēng)俗源自于往房子外面的門(mén)上貼門(mén)神(Door Gods)的傳統(tǒng)。隨著木質(zhì)雕刻評(píng)（board carvings）的出現(xiàn)，年畫(huà)包含了更廣泛的主題，最出名的就是門(mén)神和三大神——福神、薪神和壽神(Three Gods of Blessing, Salary and Longevity)，寓意著莊家豐收、家畜興旺和慶祝春節(jié)。年畫(huà)的四大產(chǎn)地分別是蘇州桃花塢、天津楊柳青、河北武強(qiáng)和山東濰坊。現(xiàn)在中國(guó)農(nóng)村依然保持著年畫(huà)的傳統(tǒng)，而在城市里很少有人貼年畫(huà)。

The custom of pasting New Year paintings in the Spring Festival originated from the tradition of pasting Door Gods on the external doors of the houses.With the creation of board carvings, New Year paintings cover a wider range of subjects.The most famous ones are Door Gods and Three Gods of Blessing, Salary and Longevity, signifying the abundant harvest of crops, the prosperity of domestic animals and the celebration of the Spring Festival.Four producing areas of New Year paintings are Taohuawu of Suzhou, Yangliuqing of Tianjin, Wuqiang of Hebei and Weifang of Shangdong.Now the tradition of pasting New Year paintings is still kept in rural China, while it is seldom followed in cities.2013年6月 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題（第二套）

“春聯(lián)(The Spring Couplet)”也被稱(chēng)為“對(duì)聯(lián)(couplet)”，在中國(guó)是一種特殊的文學(xué)形式。春聯(lián)是由貼在門(mén)口兩側(cè)兩組對(duì)立的句子(antithetical sentences)組成的。在門(mén)上面的橫批(horizontal scroll bearing an inscription)通常是一個(gè)吉祥的短語(yǔ)。貼在門(mén)右側(cè)的句子被稱(chēng)作對(duì)聯(lián)的上聯(lián)(the first line of the couplet)，左側(cè)的為下聯(lián)。除夕那天，每家都會(huì)在門(mén)上貼上紅紙寫(xiě)的春聯(lián)，傳遞出節(jié)日喜慶和熱鬧的(hilarious)氣氛。在過(guò)去，中國(guó)人通常用毛筆自己寫(xiě)春聯(lián)或者請(qǐng)別人寫(xiě)春聯(lián)，而現(xiàn)在，人們普遍在市場(chǎng)上買(mǎi)印刷好的春聯(lián)。

“The Spring Couplet”, also called “couplet”, is a special form of literature in China.The Spring Couplet is composed of two antithetical sentences on both sides of the door.Above the gate is a horizontal scroll bearing an inscription, usually an auspicious phrase.The sentence pasting on the right side of the door is called the fist line of the Couplet, and the left one is the second line.On the eve of the Spring Festival, every household will paste on doors a Spring Couplet written on red paper to give a happy and hilarious atmosphere of the Festival.In the past, the Chinese usually wrote their own Spring Couplet with a brush or asked others to do it for them, while nowadays, it is common for people to buy the printed Spring Couplet in the market.2013年6月 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題（第三套）

僅僅鼠標(biāo)一點(diǎn)，購(gòu)物者就幾乎能在網(wǎng)上買(mǎi)到任何東西，從食品雜貨到汽車(chē)，從保險(xiǎn)單(insurance policies)到房貸。電子商務(wù)(electronic commerce)的世界使得消費(fèi)者無(wú)需離開(kāi)舒適的家就能夠在數(shù)以千計(jì)的網(wǎng)店購(gòu)物，并且完成付款。消費(fèi)者期望商家(merchants)不僅僅能夠在網(wǎng)上銷(xiāo)售產(chǎn)品，而且能夠讓支付過(guò)程變的簡(jiǎn)單、安全。當(dāng)然，網(wǎng)絡(luò)購(gòu)物者也需要謹(jǐn)慎小心以保證愉快、安全的網(wǎng)購(gòu)經(jīng)歷。

With just a click of the mouse, shoppers can buy nearly any product online, from groceries to cars, from insurance policies to home loans.The world of electronic commerce enables consumers to shop at thousands of online stores and pay for their purchases without leaving the comfortable home.Consumers expect merchants not only to make their products available on the Web, but also to make payments a simple and secure process.Of course, online shoppers need to be cautious to make their online shopping experiences enjoyable and safe.2012年12月 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題

在中國(guó)，小孩兒的滿月酒(One-Month-Old Feast)和抓周(One-Year-Old Catch)儀式獨(dú)具特色。小孩兒出生滿一個(gè)月的那天，孩子的家人一般要邀請(qǐng)親朋摯友一起來(lái)慶祝孩子滿月。小孩兒滿周歲的那天，有抓周的儀式。按照中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)，父母及他們不給予任何的引導(dǎo)或暗示，任孩子隨意挑選，看他先抓什么，后抓什么，并以此為依據(jù)來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)孩子可能存在的志趣和將來(lái)從事的職業(yè)以及前途。

In China, One-Month-Old Feast and One-Year-Old Catch of a baby are of unique Chinese characteristics.One the day when a baby is a month old, the family of the baby will invite their friends and relatives to a ceremony to celebrate the occasion.On the day when a baby is one year old, there is a ceremony of One-Year-Old Catch.According to Chinese traditional custom, nobody will give any instruction or cue to the baby so that it is left free to choose by itself.Watching the baby catch the articles it likes, the family can then make prediction about its potential interest, future career and development.

第四篇：英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯

一、歷史文化

四大文明古國(guó)：中國(guó)位于亞洲東部，是世界上人口最多的國(guó)家。中國(guó)是世界四大文明古國(guó)之一，擁有大量的中華文化光輝的古跡，此外，中國(guó)地大物博，擁有茂密的森林、雄偉壯麗的瀑布、秀麗的湖泊以及如利劍直插云霄的山峰，所有這些都令世界各國(guó)人民神往。但是，更重要的是，中國(guó)以擁有五千多年的歷史而自豪，遺留下無(wú)數(shù)的歷史文物，其中包括珍貴珠寶、古跡名勝、宮殿及數(shù)不盡的雄偉建筑，令人驚嘆不已。這種種原因都促使中國(guó)成為許多人夢(mèng)寐以求的旅游勝地。

China lies in the east of Asia and it has the largest population in the world.China is also one of the four countries in the world that have an ancient civilization, Besides ,it has a vast territory with such abundant natural resources as dense forests, magnificent waterfalls, majestic and beautiful rivers and lakes, and mountains whose peaks reach high into the sky like swords.All these make China a singularly attractive place to tourists around the world.But, most importantly, China boasts a history of over five thousand years with innumerable historical relics left over from the long past, such as priceless pearls and jewels, historic sites and scenic spots, palaces and edifices of architectural richness, all of which have won people’s admiration.You are sure to find great enjoyment from all these attractions in China, a much-admired dream land.中華傳統(tǒng)文化：中華民族的傳統(tǒng)文化博大精深，源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)。早在2000多年前，就產(chǎn)生了以孔孟為代表的儒家學(xué)說(shuō)和以老莊為代表的道家學(xué)說(shuō)，以及其他許多也在中國(guó)思想史上有地位的學(xué)說(shuō)流派，這就是有名的“諸子百家”。從孔夫子到孫中山，中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化有它的許多珍貴品質(zhì)，許多人民性和民主性的好東西。比如，強(qiáng)調(diào)仁愛(ài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)群體，強(qiáng)調(diào)和而不同，強(qiáng)調(diào)天下為公。特別是“天下興亡，匹夫有責(zé)”的愛(ài)國(guó)情找，“民為邦本”，“民貴君輕”的民本思想，“己所不欲勿施于人”的待人之道，吃苦耐勞，勤儉持家，尊師重教的傳統(tǒng)美德，世代相傳。所有這些，對(duì)家庭，國(guó)家和社會(huì)起到了巨大的維系與調(diào)節(jié)作用。

The traditional Chinese culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long,long course.More than 2,000 years ago, there emerged in China Confucianism represented by Confucius and Mencius, Taoism represented by Lao Zi and ZhuangZi, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being covered by the famous term” the masters’hundred schools.” The traditional Chinese culture presents many precious idea sand qualities, which are essentially populist and democratic.For example, they lay stress on the importance of kindness and love in human relations, on the interest of the community, on seeking harmony without uniformity and on the idea that the world is for all.Especially, patriotism as embodied in the saying ”Everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country”;the populist ideas that “people are the foundation of the country” and that “people are the more important than the monarch”;the code of conduct of “Treat othersas you want to be treated”.And the traditional virtues taught from generation to generation: endurance and hard working diligence and frugality in household management ,and respecting teachers and valuing education.All of which have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the country and the society.漢語(yǔ)：從某種意義上說(shuō)，漢語(yǔ)是一種很古老的語(yǔ)言，其最早的漢字已有近四千年的歷史了。漢字在其漫長(zhǎng)的發(fā)展史中演化成許多不同的書(shū)寫(xiě)形式，例如篆書(shū)、隸書(shū)、楷書(shū)和行書(shū)。中國(guó)書(shū)法家往往使?jié)h字的字形夸張以取得藝術(shù)效果，例如旅游勝地的一些石刻碑文。中國(guó)書(shū)法是一門(mén)研究藝術(shù)，隨著各位學(xué)習(xí)興趣的提高，我們將適時(shí)介紹中國(guó)書(shū)法的流派，以及如何欣賞中國(guó)書(shū)法的藝術(shù)性。

In a sense ,Chinese is a very old language, and its earliest characters date back nearly four thousand years ago.During their long history of development, Chinese characters have evolved into many different script forms, such as the Sealscript, Clerical script, Regular script and Running script.Chinese calligraphers usually render their Chinese characters in ways that exaggerate the form to yield artistic beauty, such as those in stone inscriptions seen in tourist resorts.Chinese calligraphy is a subject of artistic study.As your interest in Chinese character system increases in the days to come, we will introduce in due time the different schools of Chinese calligraphy, and how to appreciate the artistic beauty of Chinese calligraphy.孔子：孔子(ConfUcius)是一位思想家、政治家，教育家，也是中國(guó)儒學(xué)(the Ru School)思想的創(chuàng)始人。儒學(xué)(Confucianism)，這個(gè)道德和宗教哲學(xué)的大系統(tǒng)建立在孔圣人(Master Kung)的教學(xué)上。馮友蘭，中國(guó)思想史上20世紀(jì)偉大的的權(quán)威之一，把孔子在中國(guó)歷史上的影響比作西方的蘇格拉底。Confucius was a thinker, political figure, educator, and founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought.Confucianism, the great system of moral and religious philosophy built upon the teachings of Master Kung.Fung You-lan, one of the great 20th century authorities on the history of Chinese thought, compares Confucius9 influence in Chinese history with that of Socrates in the West.紅樓夢(mèng)：《紅樓夢(mèng)》問(wèn)世二百年以來(lái),通過(guò)漢文原文和各種譯文讀過(guò)此書(shū)的人,不知有多少億!這么多的讀者哪一個(gè)是先看批評(píng)家的文章,然而再讓批評(píng)家牽著鼻子走,按圖索驥地去讀原作呢?我看是絕無(wú)僅有的。一切文學(xué)作品,特別是象《紅樓夢(mèng)》這樣偉大的作品,內(nèi)容異常地豐富,涉及到的社會(huì)層面異常地多,簡(jiǎn)直象是一個(gè)寶山，一座迷宮。而讀者群就更加復(fù)雜，他們來(lái)讀《紅樓夢(mèng)》，會(huì)各就自己的特點(diǎn)，欣賞該書(shū)中的某一個(gè)方面，受到鼓舞，受到啟發(fā)，引起了喜愛(ài);也可能受到打擊，引起了憎惡。總之是千差萬(wàn)別。

Ever since the publication of A Dream of Red Mansions some 200 years ago, hundreds of millions of people have read its Chinese original or its translations in various languages.Of these innumerable people, how many have read the novel by starting with a perusal of the critics' articles and allowing themselves to be led by the nose by the critics as to how to read the novel? Next to none.All literary works, especially a monumental one like A Dream of Red Mansions, are extremely rich in content and involve perse social strata-to such an extent that they virtually resemble a mountain of treasure or a labyrinth.And the readers are even more complicated, differing from each other in family background.They will each appreciate a certain aspect of the novel according to their own inpiduality.They may feel inspired and enlightened, and hence love it, or they may feel hurt, and hence loathe it.In short, the reactions vary.二、傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日 春節(jié)：春節(jié)慶祝活動(dòng)是一年中最重要的慶祝活動(dòng)。中國(guó)人慶祝春節(jié)的方式可能略微不同，但其愿望幾乎是相同的，他們希望其家人和朋友來(lái)年健康和幸運(yùn)。春節(jié)慶祝活動(dòng)通常持續(xù)15天。慶祝活動(dòng)包括春節(jié)的年夜飯，放鞭炮，給兒童壓歲錢(qián)，春節(jié)鐘聲和春節(jié)問(wèn)候。大多數(shù)中國(guó)人將在春節(jié)的第7天停止慶祝活動(dòng)，因?yàn)槿珖?guó)性節(jié)假通常在這一天結(jié)束，但在公共場(chǎng)所的慶祝活動(dòng)可能最終持續(xù)到正月十五。Chinese New Year Celebration is the most important celebration of the year.Chinese people may celebrate the Chinese New Year in slightly different ways but their wishes are almost the same;they want their family members and friends to be healthy and lucky during next year.Chinese New Year Celebration usually lasts for 15 days.Celebratory activities include Chinese New Feast, firecrackers, giving lucky money to children, the New Year bell ringing and Chinese New Year Greetings.Most of Chinese people will stop the celebrating in their home on the 7th day of New Year because the national holiday usually ends around that day, however celebrations in public areas can last until the 15th day of New Year.清明節(jié)：清明節(jié)的習(xí)俗是豐富有趣的，除了講究禁火、掃墓，還有踏青、蕩秋千、蹴鞠、打馬球、插柳等一系列風(fēng)俗體育活動(dòng)。相傳這是因?yàn)榍迕鞴?jié)要寒食禁火，為了防止寒食冷藏傷身，所以大家來(lái)參加一些體育活動(dòng)，以鍛煉身體。因此，這個(gè)節(jié)日既有祭掃新墳生別死離得悲酸淚，又有踏青游玩的歡笑聲，是一個(gè)富有特色的節(jié)日。

Ching MingFestival(the Tomb-sweeping Festival), the custom is full of interesting.In addition to pay attention to ban fire, tomb-sweeping, as well as spring outing, swinging, Cuju, playing polo, Liu inserted a series of custom sports.According to legend, this is because the Ching Ming Festival to Cold Food Observance ban fire, in order to prevent the Cold Food Observance buffet beverages, so we come to participate in some sports, in order to exercise.Therefore, this festival which has both the acid tears of sorrow for the died and the laughter from the players, is adistinctive holiday.元宵節(jié)：與大多數(shù)中國(guó)節(jié)日一樣，元宵節(jié)同樣有自己的特色小吃，成為“湯圓”(也叫“元宵”)。湯圓外形圓圓的，外皮由糯米制成，內(nèi)陷或甜或辣。人們都說(shuō)湯圓有兩個(gè)象征之意，一為農(nóng)歷的第一個(gè)月圓，二為家庭團(tuán)聚圓滿。元宵節(jié)傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗中還有一部分是關(guān)于猜燈謎的游戲。在過(guò)去，這些謎語(yǔ)大多出自于模糊的文學(xué)典故和中國(guó)古典文學(xué)之中，所以猜燈謎以前多為知識(shí)份子的“領(lǐng)地”。踩高蹺，敲大鼓和舞龍獅也是元宵節(jié)主要的娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)。

Like most Chinese festivals, the Lantern Festival has its own special food, called “tangyuan”.These are round, glutinous rice dumplings with sweet or spicy fillings.The dumplings are said to symbolize both the first full moon and family utility and completeness.Part of the lantern festival tradition involves a game to guess riddles attached to the lanterns.In the old days the riddles were obscure literary allusions to the Chinese classics and so were mainly the preserve of the educated classes.Stilt-walking ,drumming and dragon and lion dancing are the main entertainment forms of the Lantern Festival.端午節(jié)：端午節(jié)，又叫龍舟節(jié)，是為了紀(jì)念?lèi)?ài)國(guó)詩(shī)人屈原。屈原是一位忠誠(chéng)和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他給國(guó)家?guī)?lái)了和平和繁榮。但最后因?yàn)槭艿秸u謗（vilify）而最終投河自盡。人們撐船到他自盡的地方，拋下粽子，希望魚(yú)兒吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身軀。幾千年來(lái)，端午節(jié)的特色在于吃粽子（glutinous dumplings）和賽龍舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。The Duan WuFestival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the patrioticpoet Qu Yuan.Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as are sult of being vilified.People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of QuYuan’s body.For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes.中秋節(jié)：農(nóng)歷八月十五日是中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日——中秋節(jié)。在這天，每個(gè)家庭都團(tuán)聚在一起，一家人共同觀賞象征豐裕、和諧和好運(yùn)的圓月。此時(shí)，大人們盡情吃著美味的月餅，品著熱騰騰的香茗，而孩子們則在一旁拉著明亮的兔子燈盡情玩耍。月宮里美麗的仙女嫦娥的神話故事賦予了這個(gè)節(jié)日神話色彩。傳說(shuō)古時(shí)候，天空曾有10個(gè)太陽(yáng)圍著地球旋轉(zhuǎn)。后翌射下了其中9個(gè)太陽(yáng)，拯救了地球上的生靈。他偷了長(zhǎng)生不老藥，卻被妻子嫦娥偷偷喝下，從而產(chǎn)生了嫦娥奔月的故事。

The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar month.It is atime for family members to congregate and enjoy the full moon, which is a symbol of abundance, harmony and luck.Adults usually indulge in fragrant mooncakes of various kinds with a good cup of hot Chinese tea, while the children run around with their brightly-lit rabbit lanterns.The festival wasendowed a mythological flavour with legends of Chang-E, the beautiful lady inthe moon.According to Chinese mythology, the earth once had 10 suns circling over it.Hou Yi, shot down 9 of the suns to save all the lives on carth.Hestole the elixir of life, which can make people immortal.However, his wife ,Chang-E drank it.Thus the legend of Chang-E flying into the moon came int obeing.三、傳統(tǒng)事物

筷子：中國(guó)人使用筷子已經(jīng)有3 000多年的歷史了。中國(guó)的筷子夾菜的一端是圓的，象征著天；另一端是方的，象征著地。這是因?yàn)椋S持充足的食物供應(yīng)是天地之間最重要的事情。中國(guó)有個(gè)古老的風(fēng)俗，女子出嫁時(shí)要用筷子當(dāng)嫁妝，因?yàn)椤翱曜印迸c“快子”諧音。根據(jù)中國(guó)的餐桌禮儀，吃飯時(shí)一直握著筷子是不禮貌的。將菜送入口中后，應(yīng)立刻把筷子放下。吃飯時(shí)，用筷子指著別人會(huì)對(duì)其造成冒犯。

There has been a history of more than 3 000 years for the Chinese to have meals with chopsticks.Chinese chopsticks are round on the eating end which symbolizes the heaven, and the other end is square which symbolizes the earth.It is because maintaining an adequate food supply is the greatest concern between the heaven and the earth.There is an old custom in the past in China, that chopsticks should be apart of a girl’s dowry.Kuaizi(chopsticks)is pronounced the same as “kuaizi”.The latter symbolized “quick” and “son”.According to the Chinese traditional table manners, it is impolite to hold the chopsticks all the time over the meal.As soon as one person sends a bite into his mouth, he should putdown the chopsticks.It would offend others to point at them with chopsticks over the meal.文房四寶：在中國(guó)，筆、墨、紙、硯（ink slab），就是人們所說(shuō)的“文房四寶”，在中華文明的傳承中起了重要作用。文房四寶不僅有實(shí)用價(jià)值，它們本身也是供人觀賞的藝術(shù)品，并逐步成為收藏品。文房四寶品類(lèi)繁多，豐富多彩，選材制作不斷趨于完善、精美，歷代都有名品、名匠產(chǎn)生，成為一種深厚的文化積淀。在當(dāng)今時(shí)代，使用筆、墨、紙、硯進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)、寫(xiě)作的人越來(lái)越少了，但是，在中國(guó)的書(shū)法、繪畫(huà)、收藏以及修身養(yǎng)性活動(dòng)中，它們?nèi)云鹬豢商娲淖饔谩?/p>

In China, “four treasures of the study” refers to “writing brush”, “ink stick”, “paper” and“ink slab”, playing an important role in passing on Chinese civilization.They not only have their value of practical use, but also become the works of art for appreciation and collection.There is a large variety of these four treasures.Selecting of materials and making process have become increasingly delicate and perfect.Each dynasty of Chinese history saw famous craftsmen appear and works produced, which is a profound process of cultural accumulation In contemporary times, “four treasures of the study” have been increasingly rarely used for study or writhing, but they are still playing anir replaceable role in the field of Chinese calligraphy, painting, collection and in the activities of cultivating one's mind.中國(guó)結(jié)：中國(guó)結(jié)（The Chinese Knot）是一種古老的藝術(shù)形式。人們發(fā)現(xiàn)，繩結(jié)可以追朔到10萬(wàn)年前。中國(guó)人不僅用繩結(jié)來(lái)固定、包裹、狩獵、捕魚(yú)，還用來(lái)記錄事件，而且有些繩結(jié)純粹起裝飾作用。中國(guó)結(jié)具有文化內(nèi)涵（cultural connotation）。由于結(jié)在漢語(yǔ)中的發(fā)音與“吉”相近。吉的意思是“福、祿、壽、喜、財(cái)、安、康”，這是中國(guó)人永恒的追求，因此有些中國(guó)結(jié)表達(dá)出人們的各種愿望。例如：新婚夫婦的房間通常用一個(gè)盤(pán)長(zhǎng)結(jié)（Pan-chang Knot）來(lái)裝飾，象征著永恒的愛(ài)情。The Chinese Knot is an ancient art form and artifacts could be found as far back as 100 000years ago.Chinese people used knots for more than justfastening , wraping, hunting, fishing.Knots were also to record events ,and someknots had purely ornamentak functions.The Chinese Knot has cultural connotations.Since knot is pronounce d as“jie” in Chinese similar with that of “ji”,which means blessing,goodsalary,longevity,happpiness,fortune,safety and health and is the everl astingpursuit of Chinese people ,some Chinese Knots espress people's various hopes.Forexample ,the room of newlyweds is usually decorated with a Pan-Chang Knot to symbolizeeternal love.八大菜系：中國(guó)一個(gè)幅員遼闊、資源豐富、歷史悠久的多民族國(guó)家，每個(gè)民族都有其獨(dú)特的豐富菜肴。地域菜系在地理環(huán)境、氣候、文化傳統(tǒng)、民族風(fēng)俗和其他因素的影響下經(jīng)過(guò)悠久歷史的發(fā)展已經(jīng)成形。最有影響力、最具代表性的是魯、川、粵、閩、蘇、浙、湘、徽菜系，這八種被人們稱(chēng)為“八大菜系”。中國(guó)的“八大菜系”是以多種多樣的烹飪方法區(qū)分的，各有其長(zhǎng)處。

China is atime-honored multi-ethnics nation with a vast territory and abundant resources,and every ethnic group has its unique abundant dishes.Regional cuisines havetaken shape after long-history evolution under the influence of geographicalenvironment, climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors.Themost influential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan，Yue, Min, Su，Zhe, Xiang and HuiCuisines, which are commonly known as “Eight Major Cuisines”.Dishes in the“Eight Major Cuisines” in China are characterized by persified cooking skills,with each having its strong points.四、傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)

京劇：京劇被奉為中國(guó)的國(guó)粹，來(lái)源于18世紀(jì)晚期的安徽和湖北的當(dāng)?shù)貏》N。京劇是中國(guó)所有劇種中最有影響力和代表性的，在中國(guó)乃至世界享有聲譽(yù)。京劇完美融合了多種藝術(shù)形式。京劇集傳統(tǒng)音樂(lè)、舞蹈、詩(shī)歌、雜耍、武術(shù)于一身，以華麗的戲服、逼真的臉譜和程式化的演出套路而聞名。京劇臉譜上每一種圖形和亮麗的顏色都有象征意義：紅色表示忠誠(chéng)，藍(lán)色表示殘暴，黑色表示正直。Known as China’s national opera, Peking Opera originated in the late 18th century from the basis of some local operas in Anhui and Hubei Provinces.Peking Opera is the mostinfluential and representative of all operas in China.It has won great popularity not only in China but also throughout the world.Peking Opera is aharmonious combination of many art forms.It is a synthesis of traditional music, dancing, poetry, acrobatics and martial arts.It is famous for itsexquisite costumes, beautiful make-up or painted face, and established performing conventions and rules.Each of patterns and brilliant colors on the painted face has a symbolic meaning: red suggests loyalty;blue suggests cruelty;black suggests honesty.武術(shù)：武術(shù)在我國(guó)源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)，是中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化的瑰寶。我們知道，一個(gè)民族的優(yōu)秀文化遺產(chǎn)，不僅僅屬于一個(gè)民族，它會(huì)逐漸傳播到世界而成為人類(lèi)的共同財(cái)富。// 為了更好的推廣武術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)，使其與奧運(yùn)項(xiàng)目接軌，中國(guó)武協(xié)和國(guó)際武聯(lián)做了大量的艱苦卓絕的工作。現(xiàn)在武術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)已被列為一種具有與保齡球運(yùn)動(dòng)和國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)舞同等地位的奧運(yùn)表演項(xiàng)目。//武術(shù)的蓬勃發(fā)展，除得益于其項(xiàng)目本身的吸引力之外，早期移居海外的一代武術(shù)大師功不可沒(méi)。//老一代武術(shù)家在海外播種下了武術(shù)的種子，使武術(shù)這門(mén)既可以自衛(wèi)又可以健身的運(yùn)動(dòng)很快就在新的土地上扎下了根。今天高超的武術(shù)大師已遍布世界各地，武術(shù)愛(ài)好者也與日俱增。

Wushu, or Chinese martial art, can be traced back to ancient times.It is a gem of Chinese traditional culture.As well know, the fine culture of a nation does not belong to the nation alone and it will be spread to the rest of the world and shared by all humanity.// The Chinese Wushu Association and International Wushu Federation(IWUF)have been working very hard to popularize wushu and make the Chinese martial art closer to the Olympic Movement.Wushu was accepted to join bowling and international standard dance as an Olympic demonstration event.//The booming of wushu is attributed not only to the attractiveness of the sport but also to emigrant Chinese wushu masters over the years.// Martial artists of the older generation shave sown wushu seeds in foreign countries.Wushu, which can be used as self defense and can keep practitioners fit and strong, soon became popular on new lands.Today superb wushu masters are active all over the world, and amateurs are on the increase with each passing day.獅舞：獅舞（Lion Dance）是中國(guó)最廣為流傳的民間舞蹈之一。獅為百獸之首，在中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)中，獅子被視為是能帶來(lái)好運(yùn)的吉祥物（mascot）。古人將獅子視作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驅(qū)趕邪惡、保護(hù)人類(lèi)。據(jù)記載，獅舞已擁有了2,000多年的歷史。在唐代（the Tang Dynasty），獅舞就已經(jīng)被引入了皇室。因此，舞獅成為元宵節(jié)（the Lantern Festival）和其他節(jié)日的習(xí)俗，人們以此來(lái)祈禱好運(yùn)、平安和幸福。

The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China.The lion is the king of animals.In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck.Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of braveness and strength, which could drive away evil and protect humans.The dance has are corded history of more than 2,000 years.During the Tang Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal family of the dynasty.Therefore ,performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom where people could pray for good luck, safety and happiness.四六級(jí)考試的作文題目無(wú)非就是兩類(lèi)： 第一．和自己發(fā)展有關(guān)的個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)成功話題； 第二．和社會(huì)現(xiàn)象相關(guān)的學(xué)校社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)話題； 而四六級(jí)的寫(xiě)作結(jié)構(gòu)很固定： 第一段：引出話題（對(duì)于圖畫(huà)描述）第二段：闡釋話題 第三段：總結(jié)話題

第一類(lèi)話題需要大家說(shuō)自己的認(rèn)識(shí)，其實(shí)就是喊出一些無(wú)用的口號(hào)，并且的變了方的把這些口號(hào)喊的比較復(fù)雜，人在成長(zhǎng)成功過(guò)程中的品質(zhì)通常包括了：某種品質(zhì)對(duì)成功很重要: 可能出現(xiàn)的主題詞：

順境與逆境(Favorable Circumstances and adverse Circumstances)勤奮（diligence;painstaking work）謹(jǐn)慎和堅(jiān)毅（prudence and determination）熱情和樂(lè)觀（, enthusiasm and optimism）

博學(xué)和求知（learnedness and seeking knowledge/pursuit of knowledge）絕望和堅(jiān)持（Frustration and perseverance）獨(dú)立性問(wèn)(independence)感恩(gratitude)創(chuàng)新(creation and innovation)鼓勵(lì)(encouragement)自滿和謙遜（self-satisfied and modest）合作（cooperation）等：注意替換主題詞就可以了.All in all, by cooperation among each other, we will be able to explore a wider world and reach further horizon.Furthermore, whatever difficulty or situation we are confronted with, those who have the spirit of cooperation and team work are nearer to success.Just as John Adams, the second U.S.president quoted from the ancient Greek Aesop’s Fables,“United we stand, divided we fall.”

自信：(confidence)

(可以把獨(dú)立換成考場(chǎng)上需要你寫(xiě)的主題詞，比如，the spirit of impendence等)

社會(huì)和學(xué)校話題：

對(duì)于學(xué)校社會(huì)話題同樣是喊出口號(hào)，分析利弊，不可能寫(xiě)出太多實(shí)質(zhì)的話題：

常見(jiàn)的話題：

1． 資源保護(hù)(Energy and Resource Saving)環(huán)境保護(hù)(Environmental protection)低碳環(huán)保（low-carbon life）旅游對(duì)環(huán)境的影響（2． 人口增長(zhǎng)(The growth of China’s population)3． 社會(huì)保障問(wèn)題(Social security fund)4． 假冒偽劣產(chǎn)品問(wèn)題(Counterfeits and unqualified products)食品安全(food safety)5． 消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)問(wèn)題(The protection of consumers rights and interests)6． 社會(huì)誠(chéng)信的缺失（Honest is the best policy.It pays to be honest.）

It is not hard to notice that without honesty/credibility, hardly can individuals or organizations make money, take profits, let alone obtain wealth in the long term, especially in this fiercely competitive modern world, I argue.我認(rèn)為，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，要是沒(méi)有誠(chéng)信在這樣一個(gè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中，從長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看個(gè)人和組織是很難賺到錢(qián)，賺到利潤(rùn)的，更不必說(shuō)獲得財(cái)富了。

7.知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)問(wèn)題（Intellectual Property protection.No plagiarizing）8． 微博和微信的強(qiáng)勢(shì)崛起（The rise of the WeiBo,Wechat）9． 傳統(tǒng)文化的傳播（traditional Chinese culture）

It is my view that national culture as priceless spiritual treasure should be preserved and cherished.Meanwhile, there are good reasons to advocate international culture.While global economic integration has fostered thorough cultural interchanges, it is multiculturalism that essentially makes the society and its people diverse, colorful, vigorous and open-minded.Nevertheless, certainly, when we are confronted with a different culture, we should be sensible enough to absorb its essence and to resist its dark side.Only in this way can we promote cultural development positively and make our world dimensional, colorful and vigorous.孝敬父母（caring parents）(filial piety)Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which our parents can enjoy their life to the uttermost.10． 提高學(xué)生的身體素質(zhì)（physical exercise build a strong body and relieve pressure and keep a pleasant mood）

11． 大學(xué)生的就業(yè)（sticking to our own choice of following our parent’s arrangement）

Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which our graduates can enjoy their careers to the uttermost.12． 大學(xué)城的建造（the construction of university town）

Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which our students can enjoy their study to the uttermost.先談社會(huì)話題：

負(fù)面的話題無(wú)非要涉及解決的問(wèn)題，正面話題就是展望未來(lái)，現(xiàn)在送大家一些在考研和四六級(jí)中正負(fù)面話題都能用的表達(dá)：

The general public is supposed to enhance their awareness that 大眾需要提升對(duì)于…的意識(shí)是，In view of the complexity of such a topic, we must treat it socially, economically and culturally.考慮到話題的復(fù)雜性，我們必須從社會(huì)，經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化角度來(lái)對(duì)待這個(gè)話題。

In a sense, it is not why sth.exists in today’s world but what we should do to cope with it.總之，不是討論為什么在今天的世界會(huì)存在這種話題，而在于我們應(yīng)該怎么去應(yīng)對(duì)他。

文章最后一定能用到的表達(dá)：

In view of the importance and the complexity of such a positive/negative phenomenon, we must treat it socially, economically and culturally and maintain it the very force that has driven our society/或 life forward.Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which people can enjoy their life to the uttermost./或in which student can enjoy their study to the uttermost.特別警惕，四六級(jí)還可以出一些應(yīng)用文作為考察的對(duì)象，這里附上一篇?dú)g迎辭； My dear new friends, You are welcomed to join in our English club.I am very glad that you will be a part of our fantastic club.Established in 2001, our club has celebrated her 10th birthday.In the past ten years, a lot of interesting activities have been designed and organized.Our most famous activities include talk shows, speech competition and role play competition.In our club, you will have ample opportunities to enjoy English movies, meet foreign friends and of course practice your oral English with them.I am sure you will enjoy happy moments in our club and make progress in your English learning.

第五篇：英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯

1.琴棋書(shū)畫(huà)

中國(guó)人最懂得消遣，中國(guó)從前的讀書(shū)人，閑暇時(shí)間以琴棋書(shū)畫(huà)作為消遣。在中國(guó)人看來(lái)，藝術(shù)品的好壞，意味著作者人格的高低，所以彈琴、下棋、寫(xiě)字和繪畫(huà)，都代表一個(gè)人的修養(yǎng)。彈琴不是要做音樂(lè)家，而是隨著美妙的琴聲，進(jìn)入一個(gè)遼闊的世界，凈化自己的心靈。下棋不是為了勝負(fù)，而是磨練耐性和使人眼光遠(yuǎn)大。寫(xiě)字不僅是把字寫(xiě)漂亮，同時(shí)也是為了陶冶情操。繪畫(huà)則是借著畫(huà)面上的簡(jiǎn)單線條，表現(xiàn)自己的想象的世界。

Music, chess, calligraphy and painting

Chinese people have the best idea about recreation.Scholars of ancient times enjoyed themselves through music, chess, calligraphy and painting in their leisure time.In the eyes of the Chinese people, the quality of the artifacts is a reflection of the character of the creator.Thus, playing musical instruments, playing chess, writing calligraphy or painting show one’s culture.By playing music, one does not aim to be a musician but to enter a broader world, purifying one’s soul in the beautiful music.By playing chess, one does not aim to be the winner but to cultivate patience and foresight.By calligraphy, one aims not only to write beautifully but also to improve his mind.Through painting, one expresses an imaginary world with simple lines.2.孝

孝是中國(guó)人的一種最重要的民族美德。孔子認(rèn)為孝道是各種美德的基礎(chǔ)。孟子認(rèn)為，如果人人都能孝順父母，尊敬長(zhǎng)輩，就可以使天下太平。一個(gè)人如果能盡孝道，就不會(huì)做出越禮犯法的行為。而且，孝順父母的人往往性情淳厚，有見(jiàn)義勇為的品德，對(duì)于公益事業(yè)一定熱心。社會(huì)的組成分子如果能推廣孝順父母的品德，熱心公益，就會(huì)使社會(huì)更容易進(jìn)步。Filial piety Filial piety is the most important national virtue to the Chinese people.Confucius considered it to be the foundation of other virtues.Mencius believed that if everyone had filial piety for his parents and respect for older generations, there would be peace in the world.Those with filial piety will break neither etiquette nor the law.Such people are usually simple in nature, courageous in a just cause and enthusiastic in promoting the public good for sure.If society is eager for filial piety and ardent for the public good, it will be easier to make progress.3.中文

越來(lái)越多受英文教育的海外華人父母，已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同時(shí)，也通曉中文的重要性。中國(guó)的崛起，使他們認(rèn)識(shí)到孩子掌握雙語(yǔ)的好處---既能增加他們的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化。這些人對(duì)中文的態(tài)度幾乎完全改變了。曾幾何時(shí)，他們還驕傲地宣稱(chēng)自己只懂英文。現(xiàn)在，他們已開(kāi)始積極支持孩子學(xué)習(xí)中文和中國(guó)文化，而且還不時(shí)送孩子來(lái)中國(guó)游覽，欣賞壯觀的自然風(fēng)光，了解豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。

Chinese language An increasing number of Chinese parents overseas with English education background have realized how important it is for their children to command Chinese as well as to master indispensable English.The rise of china has awakened their awareness of the benefits of bilingual study of their children, both to increase their chances of employment and to facilitate their contact and familiarity with tow different cultures: the Oriental and the Occidental.They have almost completely changed their attitudes towards Chinese.At one time they proudly declared that they only knew English.Now, they have begun to positively support their children’s study of Chinese and Chinese culture, and send them on frequent visits to China to admire its magnificent natural scenery and learn its cultural heritage.4.元宵節(jié)

正月十五元宵節(jié)是中華民族的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，也是春節(jié)之后的第一個(gè)重要節(jié)日。這是一年中第一個(gè)月圓之夜，也是大地回春的夜晚，人們對(duì)此加以慶祝，也是慶賀新春的延續(xù)。按中國(guó)民間的傳統(tǒng)，在這天上皓月懸掛的夜晚，人們要點(diǎn)起彩燈萬(wàn)盞，以示慶賀。中國(guó)幅員遼闊，歷史悠久，所以關(guān)于元宵節(jié)的習(xí)俗在全國(guó)各地也不盡相同，其中吃元宵、賞花燈、猜燈謎等是元宵節(jié)重要的民間習(xí)俗。Lantern festival The lantern festival on the 15th day of the first month in the lunar calendar is a traditional festival of the Chinese nation, and the first important one after Spring Festival.This is the first full moon night of the year, and also marks the return of spring, for which people continue their celebration of the New Year.In keeping with folk tradition in china, people light thousands of color lanterns for celebration on this moon-lit night.Because of its vast territory and long history, china has many different customs for Lantern Festival across the country, among which eating yuanxiao(sweet, sticky rice dumplings), admiring beautiful lanterns and guessing lantern riddles are the most important.5.中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化

中華民族的傳統(tǒng)文化博大精深、源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)。早在兩千多年前，就產(chǎn)生了以孔孟為代表的道家學(xué)說(shuō)。從孔夫子到孫中山，中華民族的傳統(tǒng)文化有許多珍品，比如強(qiáng)調(diào)仁愛(ài)、強(qiáng)調(diào)群體、強(qiáng)調(diào)天下為公、特別是強(qiáng)調(diào)吃苦耐勞、尊師重教的傳統(tǒng)美德。所有這些都對(duì)家庭、社會(huì)和國(guó)家都起到了巨大的維系和調(diào)節(jié)作用。

Traditional Chinese Culture

Traditional Chinese Culture, extensive and profound, enjoys a long history.More than 2000 years ago Chinese Confucianism and Taoism emerged, founded by Confucius and Mencius, and Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, respectively.From example, it stresses the importance of kindness and love, the interests of the community, the idea that the world is for all, and especially the traditional virtues such as diligence and endurance, respecting teachers and valuing education.All these have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the society and the country.6.誠(chéng)信原則

中國(guó)人以前都生活在大家庭李，有很多親戚相互來(lái)往。男人在外面做事謀生，也會(huì)結(jié)交許多朋友。中國(guó)人交朋友，秉持的最重要的原則是“誠(chéng)”和“信”。自己以誠(chéng)心待人，自然可以換來(lái)真實(shí)的友誼；尊重別人，自然會(huì)被尊重。而且要信守諾言，絕不欺騙。中國(guó)人不僅把這些原則應(yīng)用在私人的交往上，在和其他國(guó)家辦理外交的時(shí)候，也同樣遵守這些原則。

Sincerity and faithfulness In the past, the Chinese lived in extended family groups, with many relatives as their social contacts.The men of the family would also make many friends in the course of making their way in the world.Chinese people try to maintain two most important principles in friendship: sincerity and faithfulness.They exchange sincerity for true friendship as might be expected, and receive respect by respecting others.They keep their promises without deceit.Chinese people not only apply these principles in personal contacts, but also follow them in their diplomatic relations with other countries.7.中藥

眾所周知，在最近兩百年之前的大部分時(shí)間里，人類(lèi)一直依賴傳統(tǒng)藥物與疾病斗爭(zhēng)。各大文明古國(guó)幾乎都有自己的民族醫(yī)藥體系，其中又以中國(guó)的中醫(yī)藥體系最為完備，成就最大。可以說(shuō)，中國(guó)的中醫(yī)藥體系是古代醫(yī)藥科學(xué)的最高表現(xiàn)。中藥絕大部分來(lái)源于天然的植物，其次是動(dòng)物、礦物等。中國(guó)各地使用的中藥已達(dá)5000種左右，用各種藥材配成的方劑，更是數(shù)不勝數(shù)。

Chinese medicine As is commonly known, until the most recent two centuries people fought against disease with traditional drugs.Ancient civilizations all had their own national drug system, among which the Chinese system was the most comprehensive and achieved the greatest results.We could say that the Chinese traditional drug system is the supreme representation of the type.Traditional Chinese drugs come mostly from natural plants.With some from animals and minerals.There are about 5000 traditional drugs in use across China, and countless prescriptions made with those drugs.8.清明節(jié)

清明節(jié)是中國(guó)人掃墓的日子。中國(guó)人的鄉(xiāng)土觀念很重，他們認(rèn)為世界雖然廣大，但只有自己曾經(jīng)親手耕耘過(guò)的這塊土地最可愛(ài)。這塊土地屬于他們，同樣的，他們也屬于這塊土地。傳說(shuō)從前中國(guó)人出遠(yuǎn)門(mén)的時(shí)候，身邊總要帶一包故鄉(xiāng)的泥土，這樣他就不會(huì)輕易生病。一個(gè)人即使死在他鄉(xiāng)，他的家人總要想辦法把他的遺體運(yùn)回去，葬在故鄉(xiāng)的土地上。

Tomb-sweeping Day Tomb-sweeping day is the day for Chinese people to pay respect to their ancestors at their graves.Chinese people have strong loyalty to their hometown, believing the land they have cultivated is the most precious, no matter where they may go in the vast world.The land belongs to them and they belong in their own land.It is said that Chinese people of ancient times, when out of town, would take some soil from their hometown to protect them from illness.When one dies in a foreign land, his family will go to great lengths to carry back his remains to be buried in his own land.9.中國(guó)畫(huà)

中國(guó)畫(huà)線條簡(jiǎn)單，卻能給人無(wú)限的想象空間。所以中國(guó)人看畫(huà)，事實(shí)上是在心里作畫(huà)。也許有人會(huì)問(wèn)： 中國(guó)的山水畫(huà)家為什么老是喜歡畫(huà)一些簡(jiǎn)陋的茅房，而不畫(huà)高大的建筑呢？這是因?yàn)橹袊?guó)人覺(jué)得物質(zhì)生活是短暫的，人的精神卻是永恒的。一個(gè)人如果領(lǐng)悟了天地的遼闊，山水的永久，他還能不覺(jué)察自己的渺小，而變得謙虛嗎？

Chinese Painting Chinese painting, though simple in line, inspires a boundless realm of imagination.Therefore, when Chinese people appreciate their paintings, they are actually painting in their mind.Some may ask: why do Chinese landscape painters love to paint shabby cottages instead of high buildings? It is because they sense the brevity of physical life but the eternity of the human spirit.If one realizes the boundlessness of heaven and earth and the eternity of mountains and rivers, how could he be otherwise than humble at his own insignificance in the universe?

10.世界多元文化

一個(gè)音符無(wú)法表達(dá)出優(yōu)美的旋律，一種顏色難以描繪出多彩的畫(huà)卷。世界是一座豐富多彩的藝術(shù)殿堂，各國(guó)人民創(chuàng)造的獨(dú)特文化都是這座殿堂里的瑰寶。人類(lèi)歷史發(fā)展的過(guò)程，就是各種文明不斷交流、融合、創(chuàng)新的過(guò)程。人類(lèi)歷史上各種文明都以各自的獨(dú)特方式為人類(lèi)進(jìn)步做出了貢獻(xiàn)。我們應(yīng)該積極維護(hù)世界多樣性，推動(dòng)不同文明的對(duì)話和交融，相互借鑒而不是相互排斥，使人類(lèi)更加和睦幸福，讓世界更加豐富多彩。

Cultural Diversity

A composer cannot write an enchanting melody with only one note, and a painter cannot paint a landscape with only one pigment.The world is a treasure house displaying unique cultural achievements created by people from all countries.The history of human development is the process of different civilizations interacting with each other for mutual enrichment, and all civilization have contributed to the progress of mankind in their own way.We should uphold the diversity of the world, enhance dialogue and interaction between civilizations, and draw on each other’s strengths instead of being mutually exclusive.When this is done, mankind will enjoy greater harmony and happiness, and the world will become a more colorful place to live.11.端午節(jié)

根據(jù)傳說(shuō)，楚國(guó)政治家兼詩(shī)人屈原憂國(guó)憂時(shí)，在五月五日投江自盡。人們敬愛(ài)這位愛(ài)國(guó)詩(shī)人，駕船尋找他的遺體，卻沒(méi)有找到。后來(lái)人們把糯米包在竹葉里面，做成粽子，駕著小船到達(dá)出事地點(diǎn)，把粽子丟到水里，當(dāng)做祭品，這就是粽子和龍舟比賽的起源。在南方水鄉(xiāng)，每年端午節(jié)都有龍舟比賽。

Dragon Boat Festival

According to legend, Qu Yuan, a politician and poet in the Chu Kingdom of ancient China, jumped into the river on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, committing suicide in his concern about the current circumstances and future fate of the country.In their reverence for the patriotic poet, people rowed out in boats to make glutinous rice dumplings, rowed to the site of the suicide, and threw them into the water as a sacrifice.This is the origin of both glutinous rice dumplings and the dragon boat race.In the riverside towns of south China, there dragon boat races every Dragon Boat Festival.12.孔子學(xué)院（Confucius Institute）是中國(guó)在世界各地設(shè)立的教育和文化交流機(jī)構(gòu)。推廣漢語(yǔ)、傳播中國(guó)文化是設(shè)立該機(jī)構(gòu)的目的。孔子學(xué)院最重要的一項(xiàng)工作就是給世界各地的漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者提供標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的教材以及正規(guī)的漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)渠道。全球首家孔子學(xué)院于2004年在韓國(guó)首爾（Seoul）成立，目前已遍布106個(gè)國(guó)家。孔子學(xué)院有力地推動(dòng)了中國(guó)文化的交流與融合（integration）。

Confucius Institute is an institute of education and cultural communication established by China all over the world.Its aim is to promote Chinese language and spread Chinese culture.The most important task of Confucius Institute is to provide standard textbooks and a formal channel to learn Chinese for learners all over the world.The first Confucius Institute opened in 2004 in Seoul, South Korea.At present, it has been established in 106 countries.Confucius Institute has greatly promoted the exchange and integration of cultures between China and the rest of the world.13.大熊貓被稱(chēng)為“中國(guó)國(guó)寶”（China’s national treasure）是中國(guó)特有的動(dòng)物。大熊貓外表黑白相間，體型肥胖，是一種溫順可愛(ài)的動(dòng)物。它們主要生活在中國(guó)西南地區(qū)，80%以上分布于四川境內(nèi)。它們習(xí)慣居住在溫暖潮濕的環(huán)境中，喜歡吃竹類(lèi)。由于生育率低，對(duì)生活環(huán)境的要求又相當(dāng)高，它們的數(shù)量越來(lái)越少。中國(guó)政府早已意識(shí)到這一問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重性，所以做出了很多努力來(lái)保護(hù)這一瀕危物種。

Referred to as “China’s national treasure”, panda is an animal unique to China.With a black and white coat as well as a fat body, it is a gentle and lovely animal.Pandas live mainly in the southwest part of china, over 80% of them living in Sichuan Province.They are accustomed to living in warm and wet environment.Bamboo is their favorite food.Because of low birth rate and high requirement for living environment, the number of pandas is declining.Having realized the seriousness of the problem, Chinese government has made a lot of efforts to protect the endangered species.