第一篇：2011年12月英語四級考試翻譯

2011年12月英語四級考試翻譯

Now let’s begin with the 8 short conversations.1.W: This crazy bus schedule has got me completely confused.I can’t figure out when my bus to Cleveland leaves.這個瘋狂的巴士時間表已經讓我完全糊涂了。我不知道什么時候去克利夫蘭的巴士離開。

M: Why don’t you just go to the ticket window and ask?你為什么不直接去售票窗口詢問？ Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?男人如何建議女人做什么？

2.W: I really enjoyed the TV special about giraffes last night.Did you get home in time to see it?我真的很喜歡昨晚關于長頸鹿的電視特別節目。你回家的時候有同時看到它的？

M: Oh, yes, but I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing.哦，是的，但我希望我能保持清醒的足以看到整個事情。

Q: What does the man mean?

3.W: Airport, please.I’m running a little late.So just take the fastest way even if it’s not the most direct.機場，請。我會晚一點。所以就以最快的方式即使不是最直接的。

M: Sure, but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today because of the football game.當然，但是有很多交通工具無的處不在的今天因為足球比賽。

Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?從對話中我們可以了解女人的什么？

4.W: May I make a recommendation, sir?Our seafood with this special sauce is very good.我可以推薦嗎？先生，我們這個特殊的醬海鮮是非常好的。

M: Thank you, but I don’t eat shellfish.I’m allergic to it.謝謝你，但是我不吃貝類。我對它過敏。

Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?

5.W: Now one more question if you don’t mind.What position in the company appeals to you most?現在一個問題如果你不介意的話。在公司什么職位最吸引你？

M: Well, I’d like the position of sales manager if that position is still vacant.嗯，我想要銷售經理職位如果這個位置仍然空缺

Q: What do we learn about the man?

6.M: I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year.I need more privacy.我明年不想在宿舍生活。我需要更多的隱私。

W: I know what you mean.But check out the cost of renting an apartment first.I won’t be surprised if you change your mind.我知道你的意思。但是首先要看看租公寓的成本。我不會感到驚訝，如果你改變主意。

Q: What does the woman imply?

7.M: You’re on the right track.I just think you need to narrow the topic down.你在正確的軌道上。我只是覺得你需要縮小話題。

W: Yeah, you’re right.I always start by choosing too board a topic when I’m doing a research paper.是的，你是對的。當我正在做一項研究論文，我總是首先選擇太板的話題

Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

8.W: This picnic sure beats the last one we went to, doesn’t it?這次野餐肯定打敗我們上次去的，不是嗎？

M: Oh, yeah.We had to spend the whole time inside.Good thing, the weather was cooperative this time.哦，是的。我們花了整個時間里。好的東西，這次是天氣合作

Q: What do we learn about the speakers from the conversation?

Now you will hear the two long conversations.Conversation one

M: When I say I live in Sweden,people always want to know about the seasons.當我說我住在瑞典，人們總是想知道季節。

W: The seasons?

M: Yeah, you know, how cold it is in winter,what it's like when the days are so short.是的，你知道，在冬天有多冷，像是在白天很短。

W: So what is it like?所以它是什么樣的？

M: Well, it is cold, very cold in winter,sometimes as cold as 26 degrees below centigrade.And of course when you go out, you wrap up warm.But inside in the houses it’s always very warm,much warmer than at home.Swedish people always complain that when they visit England,the houses are cold, even in a good winter.嗯，很冷，很冷的冬天，有時攝氏26度以下的冷。當然，當你出去時，你穿得暖和。但在房子里面總是很溫暖，比在家更溫暖。瑞典人總是抱怨他們訪問英國時，房子都是冷的，即使在冬天。

W: And what about the darkness?那黑夜呢

M: Well, yeah, around Christmas time there’s only one hour of daylight,so you really look forward to the spring.It is sometimes a bit depressing.But you see the summers are amazing.From May to July in the North of Sweden,the sun never sets.It’s still light at midnight.You can walk in the mountains and read a newspaper.嗯，是的，圣誕節的時候只有一個小時的日光，所以你真的期待春天。有時候有點令人沮喪。但是你看夏天是令人驚奇的。從五月到七月在瑞典北部，不落的太陽。它仍然發光在午夜。你可以走在山上看報紙。

W: Oh, yeah, the land of the midnight sun.午夜太陽之地。

M: That’s right, but it’s wonderful.You want to stay up all night.And the Swedes makes the most of it.Often they start work earlier in summer and then leave at about two or three in the afternoon, so that they can really enjoy the long summer evenings.They like to work hard, but play hard, too.I think Londoners work longer hours,but I’m not sure this is a good thing.是的，但它是美妙的。你要熬夜。而且瑞典人充分利用它。通常他們開始早起工作在夏天，然后在下去兩三點離開。因此他們能真正享受漫長的夏天的夜晚。他們愿意努力工作，但是也努力打球。我認為倫敦人工作更長的時間，但我不確定這是一件好事。

Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard.9.What do we learn about the man from the conversation?

10.What do Swedish people complain about when they visit England in winter?

11.How does the man describe the short hour of daylight around Christmas in Sweden?男人如何描述在瑞典圣誕節的白晝時間較短的？

12.What does the man say about the Swedish people?

Conversation Two

W: What kind of training does one need to go into this type of job?一個進入這類型的工作需要什么樣的培訓嗎？

M: That’s a very good question.I don’t think there is any, specifically.這是一個很好的問題。我認為沒有任何的，具體的。

W: For example, in your case,what was your educational background?例如，在你的情況，你的教育背景是什么？

M: Well, I did a degree in French at Nottingham.After that, I did careers work in secondary

schools like the careers guidance people here in the university.Then I went into local government because I found I was more interested in the administrative side,then progressed on to universities.So there wasn’t any plan and there was no specific training.There are plenty of training courses in management techniques and committee work which you can attend now.嗯，我獲得了一個學位在法國的諾丁漢。之后，我獲得一個在中學的職業工作就像是大學在就業指導的人。然后我走進了當地政府，因為我發現我在行政方面更感興趣，然后進展到大學。所以那里沒有任何計劃，也沒有具體的培訓。有大量的培訓課程關于管理技術和你現在可以參加的委員會工作。

W: But in the first place, you did a French degree.但首先，你獲得了一個法國的學位

M: In my time, there wasn’t a degree you could do for administration.I think most of the administrators I’ve come across have degrees in all sorts of things.在我的時間，沒有一個學位是可以做行政的。我想我遇到的最高行政管理員在各種各樣的東西上都有學位。

W: Well, I know in my case,I did an English literature degree and I didn’t really expect to end up doing what I am doing now.好的，我知道我的情況，我獲得了一個英語文學學士學位，我真的想結束我現在正在做的。

M: Quite.相當的。

W: Were you local to Nottingham, actually?Is there any reason why you went to Nottingham University?你是諾丁漢當地人嗎，事實上的？你還有什么理由去諾丁漢大學

M: No, no.I come from the north of England,from west Yorkshire.Nottingham was one of the universities I put on my list,and I like the look of it.The campus is just beautiful.不，我來自英格蘭北部，西約克郡的一所大學。諾丁漢是我寫在名單上的大學之一，我喜歡它的外觀。是個美麗的校園。

W: Yes, indeed.Let’s see.Were you from the industrial part of Yorkshire?是的，事實上。讓我看看。你從約克郡工業的一部分？

M: Yes, from the Woolen District.是的，從羊毛區。

Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13.What was the man’s major at university?

14.What was the man’s job in secondary schools?

15.What attracted the man to Nottingham University?是什么吸引人到諾丁漢大學？ Section B

Directions: Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Passage One

While Gail Obcamp, an American artist,was giving a speech on the art of Japanese brush painting to an audience that included visitors from Japan,she was confused to see that many of her Japanese listeners had their eyes closed.美國藝術家，在日本的毛筆繪畫藝術的演講 一個觀眾，其中包括來自日本的游客，她很困惑，看到她的許多日本聽眾閉著雙眼。

Were they tuned off because an American had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their own art form,or they deliberately tried to signal their rejection of her?

Obcamp later found out thather listeners were not being disrespectful.Japanese listeners sometimes closed their eyes to enhance concentration.Her listeners were showing their respect for her by chewing on her words.Some day you may be either a speaker or a listener in a situation involving people from other countries or members of a minority group in North America.Learning how different cultures signal respect can help you avoid misunderstandings.Here are some examples.In the deaf culture of North America,many listeners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air.In some cultures, both overseas and in some minority groups in North America,listeners are considered disrespectful if they look directly at the speaker.Respect is shown by looking in the general direction but avoiding direct eye contact.In some countries,whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other courtiers it is a form of insult.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.What did Obcamp’s speech focus on?

17.Why do Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes while listening to a speech?

18.What does the speaker try to explain?

Passage Two

Chris is in charge of purchasing

and maintaining equipment

in his division at Taxalong Company.He is soon going to have an evaluation interview

with his supervisor and the personnel director

to discuss the work he has done in the past year.Salary, promotion and plans for the coming year

will also be discussed at the meeting.Chris has made several changes

for his division in the past year.First, he bought new equipment

for one of the departments.He has been particularly happy

about the new equipment

because many of the employees have told him

how much it has helped them.Along with improving the equipment,Chris began a program to train employees

to use equipment better

and do simple maintenance themselves.The training saved time for the employees

and money for the company.Unfortunately,one serious problem developed during the year.Two employees that Chris hired were stealing,and he had to fire them.Chris knows that a new job for a purchasing

and maintenance manager for the whole company

will be open in a few months,and he would like to be promoted to the job.Chris knows, however,that someone else wants the new job, too.Kim is in charge of purchasing and maintenance

in another division of the company.She has also made several changes over the year.Chris knows that his boss likes Kim’s work,and he expects that his work

will be compared with hers.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passageyou have just heard.19.What is Chris’s main responsibilityat Taxalong Company?

20.What problem did Chris encounter in his division?

21.What does Chris hope for in the near future?

22.What do we learn about Kim from the passage?

Passage Three

Proverbs, sometimes called sayings,are examples of folk wisdom.They are little lessons which older people of a culture pass down to the younger people to teach them about life.Many proverbs remind people of the values that are important in the culture.Values teach people how to act,what is right, and what is wrong.Because the values of each culture are different,understanding the values of another culture helps explain how people think and act.Understanding your own cultural values is important too.If you can accept that people from other cultures act according to their values, not yours,getting along with them will be much easier.Many proverbs are very old.So some of the values they teach may not beas important in the culture as they once were.For example, Americans today do not pay much attention to the proverb “Haste makes waste”, because patience is not important to them.But if you know about past values,it helps you to understand the present.And many of the older values are still strong today.Benjamin Franklin, a famous American diplomat,writer and scientist, died in 1790,but his proverb “Time is money” is taken more seriouslyby Americans of today than ever before.A study of proverbs from around the world shows that some values are shared by many cultures.In many cases though,the same idea is expressed differently.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23.Why are proverbs so important?

24.According to the speaker,what happens to some proverbs with the passage of time?

25.What do we learn from the study of proverbs from around the world?

Section C

Directions: In this section,you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time,you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time,you should check what you have written.Now listen to the passage.Our lives are woven together.As much as I enjoy my own company,I no longer imagine I can get through a single day,much less all my life, completely on my own.Even if I am on vacation in the mountains,I am eating food someone else has grown,living in a house someone else has built,wearing clothes someone else has sewn from clothwoven by others, using electricitysomeone else is distributing to my house.Evidence of interdependence is everywhere.We are on this journey together.As I was growing up,I remember being carefully taught that independencenot interdependence was everything.“Make your own way”, “Stand on your own two feet”,or my

mother’s favorite remarkwhen I was face-to-face with consequences of some action:“Now that you’ve made your bed, lie on it!”Total independence is a dominant theme in our culture.I imagine that what my parents were trying to teach mewas to take responsibility for my actions and my choices.But the teaching was shaped by our cultural images,and instead I grew up believing that I was supposed to be totally “independent”and consequently became very reluctant to ask for help.I would do almost anything not to be a burden,and not require any help from anybody.This is the end of listening comprehension.

第二篇：英語四級考試翻譯技巧

英語四級考試翻譯技巧綜述

現代翻譯理論認為，句子是最重要的翻譯單位。大學英語四級考試中的翻譯題型也是以句子翻譯為主。考生如果能夠熟練掌握句子翻譯的基本方法，那么對于處理四級考試中的句子翻譯題必將是如虎添翼。

考題分析：

分值：5%

時間：5 mintues

題型：漢譯英，根據漢語提示補譯五個不完整的英文句子，要求翻譯的英文句意正確，表達

清楚。考題相對來說不難，原因有三：

其一，考題只考查漢譯英，沒有英譯漢。大學英語精讀教材中，每課都有漢譯英譯句練習，應該是學生非常熟悉的題型;

其二，內容單純，不需要專業理論知識。題目內容既沒有高難度的新聞翻譯、文學翻譯，也不涉及科技經貿翻譯中的專業知識，只是一般的短句翻譯，沒有大主題語境，也談不上翻譯的“信、達、雅”標準； 第三，名為翻譯，實為補全句子，考查語法結構和詞組運用知識。每句只涉及15個左右的英語詞，需添入的部分也只有3到8個單詞，其中隱含著四級水平考生應當掌握的句型、語法、詞組知識點。解題步驟：

1.認真審題，正確理解題意。

審題時，一定要注意一些涉及比較或是副詞的表達，以免翻譯時有所遺漏。

2.下筆翻譯以前要先思考該題的語法點：

要不要使用詞組或句式，有沒有固定搭配，是否包含從句，動詞應用什么時態.根據以往考題總結，翻譯部分考察的語法點只要有：定語從句，狀語從句，倒裝句，強調句，虛擬語氣，非謂語動詞和獨立主格結構，句子的時態與主謂一致問題。

3.答題時若遇到不會的單詞或表達式，要學會根據題意，靈活處理，只要譯文的意思與題目的要求相一致就可以。

4.最后要檢查一遍譯文，重點檢查主謂是否一致，代詞與介詞的使用是否正確，動詞的時態與語態使用是否正確，名次單復數是否正確

我們可以根據以下五個樣題例句內容來推測可能考查的知識點：

1.The substance does not dissolve in water _______________(不管是否加熱)。

本句意為：不管是否加熱，這種物質都不會溶解于水。

前半句所給的信息并不重要，考生憑四級詞匯知識可以理解substance(物質)和dissolve(溶解)兩個單詞的意義?？紤]提示部分的漢語，“不管…是否…”即“whether… or …”，很容易找到這個對應結構。關鍵點在于對“加熱”的理解，是主動還是被動處理，從上下文意義推斷出是water被加熱，所以我們采用被動方式，即whether(it is)heated or not，填入部分作讓步狀語從句，it is可以被省略。

考查重點：

從句知識：尤其讓步狀語從句，注意復習whether… or…, though, no matter how等表達的用法。分詞用法：注意辨別現在分詞和過去分詞，同時考慮動詞被動語態的運用。

2.Not only ___________________(他向我收費過高)，but he didn’t do a good repair job either.本句意為：他不但向我收費過高，而且東西修理得不怎么樣。

本句中要考慮兩個層面，首先是動詞“收費”的對應詞，應當是“charge”?！斑^高”則往往使用too high或too much, 由于主體內容是金錢而不是溫度，我們用經常搭配的“much”。更加巧妙的用詞是“overcharge”，恰好可以把意思歸并到一起。還要考慮的是本句中“not only…but…”結構中出現了否定詞前置到句首的現象，自然是倒裝句的標志。結合后半句的一般過去時形式，我們不得不把助動詞did提煉出來，按照倒裝結構翻譯成“Not only did he charge me too much”或者“Not only did he overcharge me”。

考查重點：

倒裝句結構中的否定詞前置現象。

類似的知識點還要注意Never/Neither/Hardly/Scarcely等否定詞在句首的倒裝情況。

3.Your losses in trade this year are nothing ______________________(與我的相比)。

本句意為“你在生意中的損失與我的相比不值一題。”

翻譯時有兩個知識點容易出錯，首先，“與…相比”考查詞組知識，四級程度同學應當掌握“compared with”或者“in comparison with”, 但常有考生把 “compare with”與“compare to”(把…比做)混淆，或者沒有考慮過去分詞形式。此外，“我的”應當使用物主代詞所有格“mine”，此處不宜寫成“my losses”。考查重點：

詞組知識：需要考生把握大批類似compare with以及名詞形式in comparison with的詞組或短語，其中固定搭配需要使用的介詞/副詞非常重要。

分詞形式：在句子中做修飾成分與前者構成主動被動關系至關重要。

4.On average, it is said, visitors spend only _____________________(一半的錢)in a day in Leeds as in London.本句意為：據說，游客平均一天在利茲花掉的錢只有在倫敦的一半那么多。

顯然本句在拿as…as…結構做文章。因為是比較關系，把在Leeds和在London的費用做比較，所以后半句有明確的“as”一詞?？杖辈糠质且?“as”,還要有 “half”和“money”。關鍵是次序如何調理。根據比較結構中的倍數原則，倍數數字放在最開始，接下去有關于量的as much+n.+as, 因此本句要填入 “half as much money”。

考查重點：

比較結構：本句考查同級比較中的倍數關系，類似表達還有twice as much(many)as…

5.By contrast, American mothers were more likely__________________(把孩子的成功歸因于)natural talent.本句意為：相比較，美國的母親們更可能把孩子的成功歸因于天賦。

本句再次在詞組方面進行考查，“把…歸因于…”是大學英語四級考查率極高的一個語言點，有時表達因果關系最復雜的動詞詞組。應當熟練把握 “attribute…to…”的拼寫和用法。此外，不要忽略另外一個詞的用法,“be likely to …”表示“容易”、“可能”等意義，稍不小心就會把to漏掉?？傊枰钊氲牟糠制促N在一起就是“to attribute their children’s success to”。

考查重點：

動詞詞組，表示因果關系的attribute… to…。

需要熟練掌握用法的還有lead to, result in, result from, be to blame for, be responsible for。

另外，還要學會使用拼寫類似的詞組contribute to，表示“有助于，對…做出貢獻”。

如果仔細研究以上樣題的考點，不難發現新四級在放棄專門的詞匯語法結構題型后，把相關知識點設置到了其它的幾種題型中，那么我們辛辛苦苦準備的倒裝句、虛擬語氣、分詞、從句、詞組仍然有用武之地，所以準備新四級千萬不要與以往的知識割裂。所謂的“萬變不離其宗”，如果我們熟練掌握四級大綱規定的詞匯、詞組、語法知識，并且活學活用，就不會被千變萬化的題型嚇倒。

常用的句子翻譯方法：正反、反正表達法，分句、合句法。

由于民族文化和思維方式不同，英漢兩種語言在表達同一概念時所采用的方式就有所不同。在表達否定概念時，英語和漢語使用的詞匯、語法、語言邏輯就有很大的差異。漢語中有些詞、短語或者句子是從反面表達的，而譯成英語時則需要從正面進行表達，如例

1、例

2、例3。反之，漢語中有些從正面表達的詞、短語或者句子，譯成英語時需要從反面進行表達，如例

4、例

5、例6。此外，漢語還有一些特殊的句子結構，如雙重否定(例7)、否定轉移(例8)在譯成英語時也需要引起我們的注意。

I.漢語從反面表達，譯文從正面表達

例1：他提出的論據相當不充實。

譯文：The argument he put forward is pretty thin.例2：我們確信，年輕一代將不會辜負我們的信任。

譯文：We are confident that the younger generation will prove worthy of our trust.例3：他七十歲了，可是并不顯老。

譯文：He was 70, but he carried his years lightly.II.漢語從正面表達，譯文從反面表達

例4：他這個人優柔寡斷，而且總是反復無常。

譯文：He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious.例5：調查結果清清楚楚地顯示病人死于心臟病。

譯文：The investigation left no doubt that the patient had died of heart disease.例6：這類舉動遲早會被人發覺的。

譯文：Such actions couldn’t long escape notice.III.特殊的否定句式

例7：有利必有弊。

譯文：There is not any advantage without disadvantage.例8：我們在那個城市從未因為是猶太人而遭受歧視。

譯文：In that city, we had never suffered discrimination because we were Jews.很多情況下，翻譯句子的時候，需要調整原來的句子結構，分句法和合句法是調整原文句子的兩種重要的方法。所謂分句法就是把原文的一個簡單句譯為兩個或兩個以上的句子。所謂合句法就是把原文兩個或兩個以上的簡單句或一個復合句譯成一個單句。

I.分句法

漢譯英時，需要分譯的句子多數是長句，或者是結構復雜的復句。這種句子如果譯成一個長句，就會使譯文冗長、累贅、意思表達不清楚，也不符合英文習慣。如果采用分譯，則會使譯文簡潔、易懂、層次分明。如以下五個例子：

例1.少年是一去不復返的，等到精力衰竭時，要做學問也來不及了。(按內容層次分譯)

譯文： Youth will soon be gone，never to return.And it will be too late for you to go into scholarship when in your declining years.例2.她隔窗望去，突然發現有只小船停泊在河邊，船里有位船夫睡得正香。(從主語變換處分譯)

譯文： Looking through the window, she suddenly spotted a boat moored to the bank.In it there was a boatman fast asleep.II.合句法

英漢兩種語言的句子結構不完全相同，盡管英語句子日趨簡潔，但是從句套從句，短語含短語的句型也是頻頻出現。一般而言，一個英語句子的信息包含量要大于一個漢語句子，因此，我們在做漢譯英的時候，常常把漢語的兩個句子，甚至更多句子，合譯成英語的一句。使用合句法還可以使譯文緊湊、簡練。如以下三個例子： 例：一代人與一代人之間的沖突，也就是年輕人與老年人的沖突，似乎是最可笑的。因為這就是現在的自己與將來的自己，或者說過去的自己與現在的自己的沖突。(在關聯詞處合譯)

譯文：A conflict between the generations between youth and age seems the most stupid, for it is one between oneself as one is and oneself as one will be, or between oneself as one was and oneself as one is.

第三篇：英語四級翻譯

一、歷史文化

四大文明古國：中國位于亞洲東部，是世界上人口最多的國家。中國是世界四大文明古國之一，擁有大量的中華文化光輝的古跡，此外，中國地大物博，擁有茂密的森林、雄偉壯麗的瀑布、秀麗的湖泊以及如利劍直插云霄的山峰，所有這些都令世界各國人民神往。但是，更重要的是，中國以擁有五千多年的歷史而自豪，遺留下無數的歷史文物，其中包括珍貴珠寶、古跡名勝、宮殿及數不盡的雄偉建筑，令人驚嘆不已。這種種原因都促使中國成為許多人夢寐以求的旅游勝地。

China lies in the east of Asia and it has the largest population in the world.China is also one of the four countries in the world that have an ancient civilization, Besides ,it has a vast territory with such abundant natural resources as dense forests, magnificent waterfalls, majestic and beautiful rivers and lakes, and mountains whose peaks reach high into the sky like swords.All these make China a singularly attractive place to tourists around the world.But, most importantly, China boasts a history of over five thousand years with innumerable historical relics left over from the long past, such as priceless pearls and jewels, historic sites and scenic spots, palaces and edifices of architectural richness, all of which have won people’s admiration.You are sure to find great enjoyment from all these attractions in China, a much-admired dream land.中華傳統文化：中華民族的傳統文化博大精深，源遠流長。早在2000多年前，就產生了以孔孟為代表的儒家學說和以老莊為代表的道家學說，以及其他許多也在中國思想史上有地位的學說流派，這就是有名的“諸子百家”。從孔夫子到孫中山，中華民族傳統文化有它的許多珍貴品質，許多人民性和民主性的好東西。比如，強調仁愛，強調群體，強調和而不同，強調天下為公。特別是“天下興亡，匹夫有責”的愛國情找，“民為邦本”，“民貴君輕”的民本思想，“己所不欲勿施于人”的待人之道，吃苦耐勞，勤儉持家，尊師重教的傳統美德，世代相傳。所有這些，對家庭，國家和社會起到了巨大的維系與調節作用。

The traditional Chinese culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long,long course.More than 2,000 years ago, there emerged in China Confucianism represented by Confucius and Mencius, Taoism represented by Lao Zi and ZhuangZi, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being covered by the famous term” the masters’hundred schools.” The traditional Chinese culture presents many precious idea sand qualities, which are essentially populist and democratic.For example, they lay stress on the importance of kindness and love in human relations, on the interest of the community, on seeking harmony without uniformity and on the idea that the world is for all.Especially, patriotism as embodied in the saying ”Everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country”;the populist ideas that “people are the foundation of the country” and that “people are the more important than the monarch”;the code of conduct of “Treat othersas you want to be treated”.And the traditional virtues taught from generation to generation: endurance and hard working diligence and frugality in household management ,and respecting teachers and valuing education.All of which have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the country and the society.漢語：從某種意義上說，漢語是一種很古老的語言，其最早的漢字已有近四千年的歷史了。漢字在其漫長的發展史中演化成許多不同的書寫形式，例如篆書、隸書、楷書和行書。中國書法家往往使漢字的字形夸張以取得藝術效果，例如旅游勝地的一些石刻碑文。中國書法是一門研究藝術，隨著各位學習興趣的提高，我們將適時介紹中國書法的流派，以及如何欣賞中國書法的藝術性。

In a sense ,Chinese is a very old language, and its earliest characters date back nearly four thousand years ago.During their long history of development, Chinese characters have evolved into many different script forms, such as the Sealscript, Clerical script, Regular script and Running script.Chinese calligraphers usually render their Chinese characters in ways that exaggerate the form to yield artistic beauty, such as those in stone inscriptions seen in tourist resorts.Chinese calligraphy is a subject of artistic study.As your interest in Chinese character system increases in the days to come, we will introduce in due time the different schools of Chinese calligraphy, and how to appreciate the artistic beauty of Chinese calligraphy.孔子：孔子(ConfUcius)是一位思想家、政治家，教育家，也是中國儒學(the Ru School)思想的創始人。儒學(Confucianism)，這個道德和宗教哲學的大系統建立在孔圣人(Master Kung)的教學上。馮友蘭，中國思想史上20世紀偉大的的權威之一，把孔子在中國歷史上的影響比作西方的蘇格拉底。Confucius was a thinker, political figure, educator, and founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought.Confucianism, the great system of moral and religious philosophy built upon the teachings of Master Kung.Fung You-lan, one of the great 20th century authorities on the history of Chinese thought, compares Confucius9 influence in Chinese history with that of Socrates in the West.紅樓夢：《紅樓夢》問世二百年以來,通過漢文原文和各種譯文讀過此書的人,不知有多少億!這么多的讀者哪一個是先看批評家的文章,然而再讓批評家牽著鼻子走,按圖索驥地去讀原作呢?我看是絕無僅有的。一切文學作品,特別是象《紅樓夢》這樣偉大的作品,內容異常地豐富,涉及到的社會層面異常地多,簡直象是一個寶山，一座迷宮。而讀者群就更加復雜，他們來讀《紅樓夢》，會各就自己的特點，欣賞該書中的某一個方面，受到鼓舞，受到啟發，引起了喜愛;也可能受到打擊，引起了憎惡。總之是千差萬別。

Ever since the publication of A Dream of Red Mansions some 200 years ago, hundreds of millions of people have read its Chinese original or its translations in various languages.Of these innumerable people, how many have read the novel by starting with a perusal of the critics' articles and allowing themselves to be led by the nose by the critics as to how to read the novel? Next to none.All literary works, especially a monumental one like A Dream of Red Mansions, are extremely rich in content and involve perse social strata-to such an extent that they virtually resemble a mountain of treasure or a labyrinth.And the readers are even more complicated, differing from each other in family background.They will each appreciate a certain aspect of the novel according to their own inpiduality.They may feel inspired and enlightened, and hence love it, or they may feel hurt, and hence loathe it.In short, the reactions vary.二、傳統節日 春節：春節慶?；顒邮且荒曛凶钪匾膽c?；顒?。中國人慶祝春節的方式可能略微不同，但其愿望幾乎是相同的，他們希望其家人和朋友來年健康和幸運。春節慶祝活動通常持續15天。慶?；顒影ù汗澋哪暌癸?，放鞭炮，給兒童壓歲錢，春節鐘聲和春節問候。大多數中國人將在春節的第7天停止慶?；顒?，因為全國性節假通常在這一天結束，但在公共場所的慶?；顒涌赡茏罱K持續到正月十五。Chinese New Year Celebration is the most important celebration of the year.Chinese people may celebrate the Chinese New Year in slightly different ways but their wishes are almost the same;they want their family members and friends to be healthy and lucky during next year.Chinese New Year Celebration usually lasts for 15 days.Celebratory activities include Chinese New Feast, firecrackers, giving lucky money to children, the New Year bell ringing and Chinese New Year Greetings.Most of Chinese people will stop the celebrating in their home on the 7th day of New Year because the national holiday usually ends around that day, however celebrations in public areas can last until the 15th day of New Year.清明節：清明節的習俗是豐富有趣的，除了講究禁火、掃墓，還有踏青、蕩秋千、蹴鞠、打馬球、插柳等一系列風俗體育活動。相傳這是因為清明節要寒食禁火，為了防止寒食冷藏傷身，所以大家來參加一些體育活動，以鍛煉身體。因此，這個節日既有祭掃新墳生別死離得悲酸淚，又有踏青游玩的歡笑聲，是一個富有特色的節日。

Ching MingFestival(the Tomb-sweeping Festival), the custom is full of interesting.In addition to pay attention to ban fire, tomb-sweeping, as well as spring outing, swinging, Cuju, playing polo, Liu inserted a series of custom sports.According to legend, this is because the Ching Ming Festival to Cold Food Observance ban fire, in order to prevent the Cold Food Observance buffet beverages, so we come to participate in some sports, in order to exercise.Therefore, this festival which has both the acid tears of sorrow for the died and the laughter from the players, is adistinctive holiday.元宵節：與大多數中國節日一樣，元宵節同樣有自己的特色小吃，成為“湯圓”(也叫“元宵”)。湯圓外形圓圓的，外皮由糯米制成，內陷或甜或辣。人們都說湯圓有兩個象征之意，一為農歷的第一個月圓，二為家庭團聚圓滿。元宵節傳統習俗中還有一部分是關于猜燈謎的游戲。在過去，這些謎語大多出自于模糊的文學典故和中國古典文學之中，所以猜燈謎以前多為知識份子的“領地”。踩高蹺，敲大鼓和舞龍獅也是元宵節主要的娛樂活動。

Like most Chinese festivals, the Lantern Festival has its own special food, called “tangyuan”.These are round, glutinous rice dumplings with sweet or spicy fillings.The dumplings are said to symbolize both the first full moon and family utility and completeness.Part of the lantern festival tradition involves a game to guess riddles attached to the lanterns.In the old days the riddles were obscure literary allusions to the Chinese classics and so were mainly the preserve of the educated classes.Stilt-walking ,drumming and dragon and lion dancing are the main entertainment forms of the Lantern Festival.端午節：端午節，又叫龍舟節，是為了紀念愛國詩人屈原。屈原是一位忠誠和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他給國家帶來了和平和繁榮。但最后因為受到誹謗（vilify）而最終投河自盡。人們撐船到他自盡的地方，拋下粽子，希望魚兒吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身軀。幾千年來，端午節的特色在于吃粽子（glutinous dumplings）和賽龍舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。The Duan WuFestival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the patrioticpoet Qu Yuan.Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as are sult of being vilified.People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of QuYuan’s body.For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes.中秋節：農歷八月十五日是中國的傳統節日——中秋節。在這天，每個家庭都團聚在一起，一家人共同觀賞象征豐裕、和諧和好運的圓月。此時，大人們盡情吃著美味的月餅，品著熱騰騰的香茗，而孩子們則在一旁拉著明亮的兔子燈盡情玩耍。月宮里美麗的仙女嫦娥的神話故事賦予了這個節日神話色彩。傳說古時候，天空曾有10個太陽圍著地球旋轉。后翌射下了其中9個太陽，拯救了地球上的生靈。他偷了長生不老藥，卻被妻子嫦娥偷偷喝下，從而產生了嫦娥奔月的故事。

The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar month.It is atime for family members to congregate and enjoy the full moon, which is a symbol of abundance, harmony and luck.Adults usually indulge in fragrant mooncakes of various kinds with a good cup of hot Chinese tea, while the children run around with their brightly-lit rabbit lanterns.The festival wasendowed a mythological flavour with legends of Chang-E, the beautiful lady inthe moon.According to Chinese mythology, the earth once had 10 suns circling over it.Hou Yi, shot down 9 of the suns to save all the lives on carth.Hestole the elixir of life, which can make people immortal.However, his wife ,Chang-E drank it.Thus the legend of Chang-E flying into the moon came int obeing.三、傳統事物

筷子：中國人使用筷子已經有3 000多年的歷史了。中國的筷子夾菜的一端是圓的，象征著天；另一端是方的，象征著地。這是因為，維持充足的食物供應是天地之間最重要的事情。中國有個古老的風俗，女子出嫁時要用筷子當嫁妝，因為“筷子”與“快子”諧音。根據中國的餐桌禮儀，吃飯時一直握著筷子是不禮貌的。將菜送入口中后，應立刻把筷子放下。吃飯時，用筷子指著別人會對其造成冒犯。

There has been a history of more than 3 000 years for the Chinese to have meals with chopsticks.Chinese chopsticks are round on the eating end which symbolizes the heaven, and the other end is square which symbolizes the earth.It is because maintaining an adequate food supply is the greatest concern between the heaven and the earth.There is an old custom in the past in China, that chopsticks should be apart of a girl’s dowry.Kuaizi(chopsticks)is pronounced the same as “kuaizi”.The latter symbolized “quick” and “son”.According to the Chinese traditional table manners, it is impolite to hold the chopsticks all the time over the meal.As soon as one person sends a bite into his mouth, he should putdown the chopsticks.It would offend others to point at them with chopsticks over the meal.文房四寶：在中國，筆、墨、紙、硯（ink slab），就是人們所說的“文房四寶”，在中華文明的傳承中起了重要作用。文房四寶不僅有實用價值，它們本身也是供人觀賞的藝術品，并逐步成為收藏品。文房四寶品類繁多，豐富多彩，選材制作不斷趨于完善、精美，歷代都有名品、名匠產生，成為一種深厚的文化積淀。在當今時代，使用筆、墨、紙、硯進行學習、寫作的人越來越少了，但是，在中國的書法、繪畫、收藏以及修身養性活動中，它們仍起著不可替代的作用。

In China, “four treasures of the study” refers to “writing brush”, “ink stick”, “paper” and“ink slab”, playing an important role in passing on Chinese civilization.They not only have their value of practical use, but also become the works of art for appreciation and collection.There is a large variety of these four treasures.Selecting of materials and making process have become increasingly delicate and perfect.Each dynasty of Chinese history saw famous craftsmen appear and works produced, which is a profound process of cultural accumulation In contemporary times, “four treasures of the study” have been increasingly rarely used for study or writhing, but they are still playing anir replaceable role in the field of Chinese calligraphy, painting, collection and in the activities of cultivating one's mind.中國結：中國結（The Chinese Knot）是一種古老的藝術形式。人們發現，繩結可以追朔到10萬年前。中國人不僅用繩結來固定、包裹、狩獵、捕魚，還用來記錄事件，而且有些繩結純粹起裝飾作用。中國結具有文化內涵（cultural connotation）。由于結在漢語中的發音與“吉”相近。吉的意思是“福、祿、壽、喜、財、安、康”，這是中國人永恒的追求，因此有些中國結表達出人們的各種愿望。例如：新婚夫婦的房間通常用一個盤長結（Pan-chang Knot）來裝飾，象征著永恒的愛情。The Chinese Knot is an ancient art form and artifacts could be found as far back as 100 000years ago.Chinese people used knots for more than justfastening , wraping, hunting, fishing.Knots were also to record events ,and someknots had purely ornamentak functions.The Chinese Knot has cultural connotations.Since knot is pronounce d as“jie” in Chinese similar with that of “ji”,which means blessing,goodsalary,longevity,happpiness,fortune,safety and health and is the everl astingpursuit of Chinese people ,some Chinese Knots espress people's various hopes.Forexample ,the room of newlyweds is usually decorated with a Pan-Chang Knot to symbolizeeternal love.八大菜系：中國一個幅員遼闊、資源豐富、歷史悠久的多民族國家，每個民族都有其獨特的豐富菜肴。地域菜系在地理環境、氣候、文化傳統、民族風俗和其他因素的影響下經過悠久歷史的發展已經成形。最有影響力、最具代表性的是魯、川、粵、閩、蘇、浙、湘、徽菜系，這八種被人們稱為“八大菜系”。中國的“八大菜系”是以多種多樣的烹飪方法區分的，各有其長處。

China is atime-honored multi-ethnics nation with a vast territory and abundant resources,and every ethnic group has its unique abundant dishes.Regional cuisines havetaken shape after long-history evolution under the influence of geographicalenvironment, climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors.Themost influential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan，Yue, Min, Su，Zhe, Xiang and HuiCuisines, which are commonly known as “Eight Major Cuisines”.Dishes in the“Eight Major Cuisines” in China are characterized by persified cooking skills,with each having its strong points.四、傳統藝術

京?。壕﹦”环顬橹袊膰?，來源于18世紀晚期的安徽和湖北的當地劇種。京劇是中國所有劇種中最有影響力和代表性的，在中國乃至世界享有聲譽。京劇完美融合了多種藝術形式。京劇集傳統音樂、舞蹈、詩歌、雜耍、武術于一身，以華麗的戲服、逼真的臉譜和程式化的演出套路而聞名。京劇臉譜上每一種圖形和亮麗的顏色都有象征意義：紅色表示忠誠，藍色表示殘暴，黑色表示正直。Known as China’s national opera, Peking Opera originated in the late 18th century from the basis of some local operas in Anhui and Hubei Provinces.Peking Opera is the mostinfluential and representative of all operas in China.It has won great popularity not only in China but also throughout the world.Peking Opera is aharmonious combination of many art forms.It is a synthesis of traditional music, dancing, poetry, acrobatics and martial arts.It is famous for itsexquisite costumes, beautiful make-up or painted face, and established performing conventions and rules.Each of patterns and brilliant colors on the painted face has a symbolic meaning: red suggests loyalty;blue suggests cruelty;black suggests honesty.武術：武術在我國源遠流長，是中華民族傳統文化的瑰寶。我們知道，一個民族的優秀文化遺產，不僅僅屬于一個民族，它會逐漸傳播到世界而成為人類的共同財富。// 為了更好的推廣武術運動，使其與奧運項目接軌，中國武協和國際武聯做了大量的艱苦卓絕的工作?，F在武術運動已被列為一種具有與保齡球運動和國際標準舞同等地位的奧運表演項目。//武術的蓬勃發展，除得益于其項目本身的吸引力之外，早期移居海外的一代武術大師功不可沒。//老一代武術家在海外播種下了武術的種子，使武術這門既可以自衛又可以健身的運動很快就在新的土地上扎下了根。今天高超的武術大師已遍布世界各地，武術愛好者也與日俱增。

Wushu, or Chinese martial art, can be traced back to ancient times.It is a gem of Chinese traditional culture.As well know, the fine culture of a nation does not belong to the nation alone and it will be spread to the rest of the world and shared by all humanity.// The Chinese Wushu Association and International Wushu Federation(IWUF)have been working very hard to popularize wushu and make the Chinese martial art closer to the Olympic Movement.Wushu was accepted to join bowling and international standard dance as an Olympic demonstration event.//The booming of wushu is attributed not only to the attractiveness of the sport but also to emigrant Chinese wushu masters over the years.// Martial artists of the older generation shave sown wushu seeds in foreign countries.Wushu, which can be used as self defense and can keep practitioners fit and strong, soon became popular on new lands.Today superb wushu masters are active all over the world, and amateurs are on the increase with each passing day.獅舞：獅舞（Lion Dance）是中國最廣為流傳的民間舞蹈之一。獅為百獸之首，在中國傳統中，獅子被視為是能帶來好運的吉祥物（mascot）。古人將獅子視作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驅趕邪惡、保護人類。據記載，獅舞已擁有了2,000多年的歷史。在唐代（the Tang Dynasty），獅舞就已經被引入了皇室。因此，舞獅成為元宵節（the Lantern Festival）和其他節日的習俗，人們以此來祈禱好運、平安和幸福。

The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China.The lion is the king of animals.In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck.Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of braveness and strength, which could drive away evil and protect humans.The dance has are corded history of more than 2,000 years.During the Tang Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal family of the dynasty.Therefore ,performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom where people could pray for good luck, safety and happiness.四六級考試的作文題目無非就是兩類： 第一．和自己發展有關的個人成長成功話題； 第二．和社會現象相關的學校社會熱點話題； 而四六級的寫作結構很固定： 第一段：引出話題（對于圖畫描述）第二段：闡釋話題 第三段：總結話題

第一類話題需要大家說自己的認識，其實就是喊出一些無用的口號，并且的變了方的把這些口號喊的比較復雜，人在成長成功過程中的品質通常包括了：某種品質對成功很重要: 可能出現的主題詞：

順境與逆境(Favorable Circumstances and adverse Circumstances)勤奮（diligence;painstaking work）謹慎和堅毅（prudence and determination）熱情和樂觀（, enthusiasm and optimism）

博學和求知（learnedness and seeking knowledge/pursuit of knowledge）絕望和堅持（Frustration and perseverance）獨立性問(independence)感恩(gratitude)創新(creation and innovation)鼓勵(encouragement)自滿和謙遜（self-satisfied and modest）合作（cooperation）等：注意替換主題詞就可以了.All in all, by cooperation among each other, we will be able to explore a wider world and reach further horizon.Furthermore, whatever difficulty or situation we are confronted with, those who have the spirit of cooperation and team work are nearer to success.Just as John Adams, the second U.S.president quoted from the ancient Greek Aesop’s Fables,“United we stand, divided we fall.”

自信：(confidence)

(可以把獨立換成考場上需要你寫的主題詞，比如，the spirit of impendence等)

社會和學校話題：

對于學校社會話題同樣是喊出口號，分析利弊，不可能寫出太多實質的話題：

常見的話題：

1． 資源保護(Energy and Resource Saving)環境保護(Environmental protection)低碳環保（low-carbon life）旅游對環境的影響（2． 人口增長(The growth of China’s population)3． 社會保障問題(Social security fund)4． 假冒偽劣產品問題(Counterfeits and unqualified products)食品安全(food safety)5． 消費者權益保護問題(The protection of consumers rights and interests)6． 社會誠信的缺失（Honest is the best policy.It pays to be honest.）

It is not hard to notice that without honesty/credibility, hardly can individuals or organizations make money, take profits, let alone obtain wealth in the long term, especially in this fiercely competitive modern world, I argue.我認為，不難發現，要是沒有誠信在這樣一個競爭激烈的現代社會中，從長期來看個人和組織是很難賺到錢，賺到利潤的，更不必說獲得財富了。

7.知識產權保護問題（Intellectual Property protection.No plagiarizing）8． 微博和微信的強勢崛起（The rise of the WeiBo,Wechat）9． 傳統文化的傳播（traditional Chinese culture）

It is my view that national culture as priceless spiritual treasure should be preserved and cherished.Meanwhile, there are good reasons to advocate international culture.While global economic integration has fostered thorough cultural interchanges, it is multiculturalism that essentially makes the society and its people diverse, colorful, vigorous and open-minded.Nevertheless, certainly, when we are confronted with a different culture, we should be sensible enough to absorb its essence and to resist its dark side.Only in this way can we promote cultural development positively and make our world dimensional, colorful and vigorous.孝敬父母（caring parents）(filial piety)Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which our parents can enjoy their life to the uttermost.10． 提高學生的身體素質（physical exercise build a strong body and relieve pressure and keep a pleasant mood）

11． 大學生的就業（sticking to our own choice of following our parent’s arrangement）

Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which our graduates can enjoy their careers to the uttermost.12． 大學城的建造（the construction of university town）

Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which our students can enjoy their study to the uttermost.先談社會話題：

負面的話題無非要涉及解決的問題，正面話題就是展望未來，現在送大家一些在考研和四六級中正負面話題都能用的表達：

The general public is supposed to enhance their awareness that 大眾需要提升對于…的意識是，In view of the complexity of such a topic, we must treat it socially, economically and culturally.考慮到話題的復雜性，我們必須從社會，經濟和文化角度來對待這個話題。

In a sense, it is not why sth.exists in today’s world but what we should do to cope with it.總之，不是討論為什么在今天的世界會存在這種話題，而在于我們應該怎么去應對他。

文章最后一定能用到的表達：

In view of the importance and the complexity of such a positive/negative phenomenon, we must treat it socially, economically and culturally and maintain it the very force that has driven our society/或 life forward.Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which people can enjoy their life to the uttermost./或in which student can enjoy their study to the uttermost.特別警惕，四六級還可以出一些應用文作為考察的對象，這里附上一篇歡迎辭； My dear new friends, You are welcomed to join in our English club.I am very glad that you will be a part of our fantastic club.Established in 2001, our club has celebrated her 10th birthday.In the past ten years, a lot of interesting activities have been designed and organized.Our most famous activities include talk shows, speech competition and role play competition.In our club, you will have ample opportunities to enjoy English movies, meet foreign friends and of course practice your oral English with them.I am sure you will enjoy happy moments in our club and make progress in your English learning.

第四篇：英語四級翻譯

1.琴棋書畫

中國人最懂得消遣，中國從前的讀書人，閑暇時間以琴棋書畫作為消遣。在中國人看來，藝術品的好壞，意味著作者人格的高低，所以彈琴、下棋、寫字和繪畫，都代表一個人的修養。彈琴不是要做音樂家，而是隨著美妙的琴聲，進入一個遼闊的世界，凈化自己的心靈。下棋不是為了勝負，而是磨練耐性和使人眼光遠大。寫字不僅是把字寫漂亮，同時也是為了陶冶情操。繪畫則是借著畫面上的簡單線條，表現自己的想象的世界。

Music, chess, calligraphy and painting

Chinese people have the best idea about recreation.Scholars of ancient times enjoyed themselves through music, chess, calligraphy and painting in their leisure time.In the eyes of the Chinese people, the quality of the artifacts is a reflection of the character of the creator.Thus, playing musical instruments, playing chess, writing calligraphy or painting show one’s culture.By playing music, one does not aim to be a musician but to enter a broader world, purifying one’s soul in the beautiful music.By playing chess, one does not aim to be the winner but to cultivate patience and foresight.By calligraphy, one aims not only to write beautifully but also to improve his mind.Through painting, one expresses an imaginary world with simple lines.2.孝

孝是中國人的一種最重要的民族美德?？鬃诱J為孝道是各種美德的基礎。孟子認為，如果人人都能孝順父母，尊敬長輩，就可以使天下太平。一個人如果能盡孝道，就不會做出越禮犯法的行為。而且，孝順父母的人往往性情淳厚，有見義勇為的品德，對于公益事業一定熱心。社會的組成分子如果能推廣孝順父母的品德，熱心公益，就會使社會更容易進步。Filial piety Filial piety is the most important national virtue to the Chinese people.Confucius considered it to be the foundation of other virtues.Mencius believed that if everyone had filial piety for his parents and respect for older generations, there would be peace in the world.Those with filial piety will break neither etiquette nor the law.Such people are usually simple in nature, courageous in a just cause and enthusiastic in promoting the public good for sure.If society is eager for filial piety and ardent for the public good, it will be easier to make progress.3.中文

越來越多受英文教育的海外華人父母，已經認識到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同時，也通曉中文的重要性。中國的崛起，使他們認識到孩子掌握雙語的好處---既能增加他們的就業機會，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化。這些人對中文的態度幾乎完全改變了。曾幾何時，他們還驕傲地宣稱自己只懂英文?，F在，他們已開始積極支持孩子學習中文和中國文化，而且還不時送孩子來中國游覽，欣賞壯觀的自然風光，了解豐富的文化遺產。

Chinese language An increasing number of Chinese parents overseas with English education background have realized how important it is for their children to command Chinese as well as to master indispensable English.The rise of china has awakened their awareness of the benefits of bilingual study of their children, both to increase their chances of employment and to facilitate their contact and familiarity with tow different cultures: the Oriental and the Occidental.They have almost completely changed their attitudes towards Chinese.At one time they proudly declared that they only knew English.Now, they have begun to positively support their children’s study of Chinese and Chinese culture, and send them on frequent visits to China to admire its magnificent natural scenery and learn its cultural heritage.4.元宵節

正月十五元宵節是中華民族的傳統節日，也是春節之后的第一個重要節日。這是一年中第一個月圓之夜，也是大地回春的夜晚，人們對此加以慶祝，也是慶賀新春的延續。按中國民間的傳統，在這天上皓月懸掛的夜晚，人們要點起彩燈萬盞，以示慶賀。中國幅員遼闊，歷史悠久，所以關于元宵節的習俗在全國各地也不盡相同，其中吃元宵、賞花燈、猜燈謎等是元宵節重要的民間習俗。Lantern festival The lantern festival on the 15th day of the first month in the lunar calendar is a traditional festival of the Chinese nation, and the first important one after Spring Festival.This is the first full moon night of the year, and also marks the return of spring, for which people continue their celebration of the New Year.In keeping with folk tradition in china, people light thousands of color lanterns for celebration on this moon-lit night.Because of its vast territory and long history, china has many different customs for Lantern Festival across the country, among which eating yuanxiao(sweet, sticky rice dumplings), admiring beautiful lanterns and guessing lantern riddles are the most important.5.中國傳統文化

中華民族的傳統文化博大精深、源遠流長。早在兩千多年前，就產生了以孔孟為代表的道家學說。從孔夫子到孫中山，中華民族的傳統文化有許多珍品，比如強調仁愛、強調群體、強調天下為公、特別是強調吃苦耐勞、尊師重教的傳統美德。所有這些都對家庭、社會和國家都起到了巨大的維系和調節作用。

Traditional Chinese Culture

Traditional Chinese Culture, extensive and profound, enjoys a long history.More than 2000 years ago Chinese Confucianism and Taoism emerged, founded by Confucius and Mencius, and Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, respectively.From example, it stresses the importance of kindness and love, the interests of the community, the idea that the world is for all, and especially the traditional virtues such as diligence and endurance, respecting teachers and valuing education.All these have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the society and the country.6.誠信原則

中國人以前都生活在大家庭李，有很多親戚相互來往。男人在外面做事謀生，也會結交許多朋友。中國人交朋友，秉持的最重要的原則是“誠”和“信”。自己以誠心待人，自然可以換來真實的友誼；尊重別人，自然會被尊重。而且要信守諾言，絕不欺騙。中國人不僅把這些原則應用在私人的交往上，在和其他國家辦理外交的時候，也同樣遵守這些原則。

Sincerity and faithfulness In the past, the Chinese lived in extended family groups, with many relatives as their social contacts.The men of the family would also make many friends in the course of making their way in the world.Chinese people try to maintain two most important principles in friendship: sincerity and faithfulness.They exchange sincerity for true friendship as might be expected, and receive respect by respecting others.They keep their promises without deceit.Chinese people not only apply these principles in personal contacts, but also follow them in their diplomatic relations with other countries.7.中藥

眾所周知，在最近兩百年之前的大部分時間里，人類一直依賴傳統藥物與疾病斗爭。各大文明古國幾乎都有自己的民族醫藥體系，其中又以中國的中醫藥體系最為完備，成就最大?？梢哉f，中國的中醫藥體系是古代醫藥科學的最高表現。中藥絕大部分來源于天然的植物，其次是動物、礦物等。中國各地使用的中藥已達5000種左右，用各種藥材配成的方劑，更是數不勝數。

Chinese medicine As is commonly known, until the most recent two centuries people fought against disease with traditional drugs.Ancient civilizations all had their own national drug system, among which the Chinese system was the most comprehensive and achieved the greatest results.We could say that the Chinese traditional drug system is the supreme representation of the type.Traditional Chinese drugs come mostly from natural plants.With some from animals and minerals.There are about 5000 traditional drugs in use across China, and countless prescriptions made with those drugs.8.清明節

清明節是中國人掃墓的日子。中國人的鄉土觀念很重，他們認為世界雖然廣大，但只有自己曾經親手耕耘過的這塊土地最可愛。這塊土地屬于他們，同樣的，他們也屬于這塊土地。傳說從前中國人出遠門的時候，身邊總要帶一包故鄉的泥土，這樣他就不會輕易生病。一個人即使死在他鄉，他的家人總要想辦法把他的遺體運回去，葬在故鄉的土地上。

Tomb-sweeping Day Tomb-sweeping day is the day for Chinese people to pay respect to their ancestors at their graves.Chinese people have strong loyalty to their hometown, believing the land they have cultivated is the most precious, no matter where they may go in the vast world.The land belongs to them and they belong in their own land.It is said that Chinese people of ancient times, when out of town, would take some soil from their hometown to protect them from illness.When one dies in a foreign land, his family will go to great lengths to carry back his remains to be buried in his own land.9.中國畫

中國畫線條簡單，卻能給人無限的想象空間。所以中國人看畫，事實上是在心里作畫。也許有人會問： 中國的山水畫家為什么老是喜歡畫一些簡陋的茅房，而不畫高大的建筑呢？這是因為中國人覺得物質生活是短暫的，人的精神卻是永恒的。一個人如果領悟了天地的遼闊，山水的永久，他還能不覺察自己的渺小，而變得謙虛嗎？

Chinese Painting Chinese painting, though simple in line, inspires a boundless realm of imagination.Therefore, when Chinese people appreciate their paintings, they are actually painting in their mind.Some may ask: why do Chinese landscape painters love to paint shabby cottages instead of high buildings? It is because they sense the brevity of physical life but the eternity of the human spirit.If one realizes the boundlessness of heaven and earth and the eternity of mountains and rivers, how could he be otherwise than humble at his own insignificance in the universe?

10.世界多元文化

一個音符無法表達出優美的旋律，一種顏色難以描繪出多彩的畫卷。世界是一座豐富多彩的藝術殿堂，各國人民創造的獨特文化都是這座殿堂里的瑰寶。人類歷史發展的過程，就是各種文明不斷交流、融合、創新的過程。人類歷史上各種文明都以各自的獨特方式為人類進步做出了貢獻。我們應該積極維護世界多樣性，推動不同文明的對話和交融，相互借鑒而不是相互排斥，使人類更加和睦幸福，讓世界更加豐富多彩。

Cultural Diversity

A composer cannot write an enchanting melody with only one note, and a painter cannot paint a landscape with only one pigment.The world is a treasure house displaying unique cultural achievements created by people from all countries.The history of human development is the process of different civilizations interacting with each other for mutual enrichment, and all civilization have contributed to the progress of mankind in their own way.We should uphold the diversity of the world, enhance dialogue and interaction between civilizations, and draw on each other’s strengths instead of being mutually exclusive.When this is done, mankind will enjoy greater harmony and happiness, and the world will become a more colorful place to live.11.端午節

根據傳說，楚國政治家兼詩人屈原憂國憂時，在五月五日投江自盡。人們敬愛這位愛國詩人，駕船尋找他的遺體，卻沒有找到。后來人們把糯米包在竹葉里面，做成粽子，駕著小船到達出事地點，把粽子丟到水里，當做祭品，這就是粽子和龍舟比賽的起源。在南方水鄉，每年端午節都有龍舟比賽。

Dragon Boat Festival

According to legend, Qu Yuan, a politician and poet in the Chu Kingdom of ancient China, jumped into the river on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, committing suicide in his concern about the current circumstances and future fate of the country.In their reverence for the patriotic poet, people rowed out in boats to make glutinous rice dumplings, rowed to the site of the suicide, and threw them into the water as a sacrifice.This is the origin of both glutinous rice dumplings and the dragon boat race.In the riverside towns of south China, there dragon boat races every Dragon Boat Festival.12.孔子學院（Confucius Institute）是中國在世界各地設立的教育和文化交流機構。推廣漢語、傳播中國文化是設立該機構的目的?？鬃訉W院最重要的一項工作就是給世界各地的漢語學習者提供標準的教材以及正規的漢語學習渠道。全球首家孔子學院于2004年在韓國首爾（Seoul）成立，目前已遍布106個國家?？鬃訉W院有力地推動了中國文化的交流與融合（integration）。

Confucius Institute is an institute of education and cultural communication established by China all over the world.Its aim is to promote Chinese language and spread Chinese culture.The most important task of Confucius Institute is to provide standard textbooks and a formal channel to learn Chinese for learners all over the world.The first Confucius Institute opened in 2004 in Seoul, South Korea.At present, it has been established in 106 countries.Confucius Institute has greatly promoted the exchange and integration of cultures between China and the rest of the world.13.大熊貓被稱為“中國國寶”（China’s national treasure）是中國特有的動物。大熊貓外表黑白相間，體型肥胖，是一種溫順可愛的動物。它們主要生活在中國西南地區，80%以上分布于四川境內。它們習慣居住在溫暖潮濕的環境中，喜歡吃竹類。由于生育率低，對生活環境的要求又相當高，它們的數量越來越少。中國政府早已意識到這一問題的嚴重性，所以做出了很多努力來保護這一瀕危物種。

Referred to as “China’s national treasure”, panda is an animal unique to China.With a black and white coat as well as a fat body, it is a gentle and lovely animal.Pandas live mainly in the southwest part of china, over 80% of them living in Sichuan Province.They are accustomed to living in warm and wet environment.Bamboo is their favorite food.Because of low birth rate and high requirement for living environment, the number of pandas is declining.Having realized the seriousness of the problem, Chinese government has made a lot of efforts to protect the endangered species.

第五篇：英語四級翻譯

2014年12月大學英語四級翻譯練習及解析10

如今，越來越多的大學生抱怨很難找到好工作。造成這一現象的原因如下：首先，大學生把在校的大多數 時間都用在了專業學科學習上，只有當他們開始找工作的時候，才意識到自己缺乏必要的職業培訓。其次，大 學生之間的競爭也越來越激烈，這導致任何一名大學生找到工作的機會都變小了。因此，強烈建議大學生在 課余時間做一些兼職工作，以積累相關的工作經驗。

參考答案

Nowadays, more and more university students complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job.The reasons for this phenomenon are as follows: First, college students spend most of their time at school studying academic subjects and it is only when they start looking for a job that they realize they lack necessary job training.Second, competition among graduates has become more and more fierce.And this results in a decreased chance for any individual graduate to find a job.Therefore, it is highly suggested that college students should do some part-time jobs in their spare time to accumulate relevant working experience.難點精析

1.抱怨很難找到好工作：翻譯為complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job。其中“抱怨做某事”用句型complain about doing sth.表示，having great difficulties in finding a good job表示“找工作有困難”，用到了句型have difficulties in doing sth.。

2.只有當他們開始找工作的時候，才意識到自己缺乏必要的職業培訓：翻譯為it is only when they start looking for a job that they realize they lack necessary job training?！挥挟?才 ’’用強調句型it is only when?that?表示。，3.導致：翻譯為results in,同義短語有lead to和bring about，但是表示不好的結果時一般用短語result in。

4.強烈建議：翻譯為it is highly suggested that...，其中highly suggested也可以用 strongly recommended 替換，都表示“強烈建議做某事”。

5.積累相關的工作經驗：翻譯為accumulate relevant working experience.2014年12月大學英語四級翻譯練習及解析9

茶馬古道(Tea-horse Ancient Road)兩邊，生活著20多個少數 民族。不同的地方有著各自美麗而神奇的自然風景和傳統文化，比 如:大理，麗江古城，香格里拉(Shangrila),雅魯藏布江大峽谷和布 達拉宮(Potala Palace)。古道的兩旁有廟宇、巖石壁畫、騷站(post ?house),古橋和木板路，還有少數民族舞蹈和民族服裝。時至今天，雖然這條古道的蹤跡都消失了，但它的文化和歷史價值仍然存在。

參考譯文

Along the Tea-horse Ancient Road lived more than 20 minori?ties.Concentrations of beautiful and mysterious natural landscapes and traditional cultures developed in various sites，including Dali old city, Lijiang old city, Shangrila, Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon, Potala Palace.The road features temples, rock paintings, post houses, ancient bridges and plank roads.It is also home to many national minorities and their dances and folk customs.Today, although the traces of the ancient road are fading away, its cultural and historic values remain.2014年12月大學英語四級翻譯練習及解析8

就像向中國出售商品的公司會看到收益有損失一樣，中國經濟 活動放緩有著世界性的影響。包括澳大利亞、巴西和東南亞在內的 其他國家近年來都看到了巨大的利潤，因為中國對自然資源有需求。中國的需求下降巳經對很多商品的價格有了影響。上周，中國財政 部長樓繼偉表示,今年的經濟增長可能為7%,而這不一定是“底線”。

A slowdown in economic activity in China has a global impact as companies that sell to China may see revenues suffer.Countries includ?ing Australia, Brazil and others in South East Asia have seen huge profits in recent years because of Chinese demand for natural resources.The fall in demand from China has already had an impact on the prices of many commodities.Last week，China’s Finance Minister Lou Jiwei indicated that economic growth could be 7% for the year, and that this may not be the “bottom line”

2014年12月大學英語四級翻譯練習及解析7

乒乓球在中國是一項頗受歡迎和推崇的運動。長期以來，它的確是中國唯一的運動，似乎集足球、籃球和棒球于一身，但卻更受歡迎。任何人都可以打乒乓球，所需的只是一副拍子(paddle)、一個球、一張桌子和一張網而已，這些都易于臨時拼湊(improvise)。人們可以在休息間隙或消磨時間時打兵兵球。在中國的學校、工廠甚至某些公司里，都能找到乒兵球桌。

參考答案:

Table tennis is a sport which gains much popularity and praise in China.For a long time, it has really been the only sport in China and seemed to set football,basketball and baseball all rolled into one, but it was more popular.Anyone can play table tennis, for all required are a pair of paddles and ball and a table and net, which are easy to be improvised.People can play it when taking a break or killing time.You can find table-tennis tables in schools, factories or even some companies all over China.2014年12月大學英語四級翻譯練習及解析6

1936年竺可楨授命出任浙江大學校長。在此之前，他已經是一位聲名卓著的自然科學家了。從1936年到1949年，竺可楨當了十三年大學校長。在連綿不斷的戰爭、學運的夾縫中，在極為惡劣的環境下，他跋涉五千里、五易校址、歷經五省、顛沛流離，居然將這所他接手時只有三個學院、十六個系的大學辦成了擁有七個學院、二十七個學系全國最完整的兩所大學之一。

In 1936,Zhu Kezhen was appointed as the principal of Zhejiang University.Even before then,he had been a famous natural scientist.From 1936 to 1949,Zhu Kezhen worked as the university principal for 13 years.In the extremely hostile environment filled with converging attacks by continuous wars and various university affairs,being homeless and miserable,he trudged 5,000 li and drifted from place to place through 5 provinces,with the university location being changed 5 times.He actually developed the university into one of the nation's two most integrated universities composed of 7 schools and 27 departments,compared with only 3 schools and 16 departments when he took it over.他跋涉五千里、五易校址、歷經五省、顛沛流離，分析: 顛沛流離:drifted from place to place,這個詞還有另外一層意思就是“無家可歸，生活痛苦”，為了意思表達的全面，將“homeless and miserable”以分詞形式作伴隨狀語譯出，可以表達這是一種持續的狀態。

2014年12月大學英語四級翻譯練習及解析5

中國公司想創造世界品牌，外國公司想增加在中國的銷量，這些都正改變著中國的設計產業。中國制造商意識到，若他們想在本國市場脫穎而出，在外國市場嶄露頭角，就必須設計更好的產品。索尼這樣的外國公司也開始明白，從前海外公司常把隨便什么地方設計的產品拿到中國來賣，而現在，中國消費者變得更加挑剔，他們不再那樣容易滿足了。

參考答案:

Chinese companies want to create world brands and the foreign companies want to increase the selling in China which all change the Chinese design industry.The Chinese manufacturers realize that they have to design better products if they want to stand out in the domestic markets as well as distinguish themselves in the foreign markets.Previously,the overseas caompanies always took the products which were designed in somewhere to Chinese market,but now the foreign companies such as Sony begins to realize that the Chinese consumers become more and more fastidious and no longer easy to be satisfied.若他們想在本國市場脫穎而出，在外國市場嶄露頭角，就必須設計更好的產品。

分析:

這里的“脫穎而出”和“嶄露頭角意思相近”，我們盡量選擇不同的譯法，兩個詞語可以分別譯為“stand out”和“distinguish themselves”。