第一篇：賓語從句學習指要

賓語從句學習指要

來源：普特英語

用來充作賓語的句子叫做賓語從句。如：

He asked what you were doing last night.他問你昨天夜晚在干什么。

I didn’t know that he was wounded in the accident.我原來不知道他在那事故中受了傷。

Can you explain why he didn’t come to the party last Sunday?你能解釋上周星期日他為什么沒有來參加聚會嗎？

在賓語從句中須注意：

1.that 在口語中常被省略，但在正式的文體中，不能省；并且它一般不能引導介詞的賓語從句，但可引導except, but, in 等少數介詞的賓語從句。如：

I didn’t know(that)he was Li Lei.我不知道他就是李蕾。

I will do anything I can to help you except that I’m ill.只要我身體舒服，我愿做任何事情來幫助你。

2.賓語從句之后帶有補足語成分時，一般須用it作形式賓語，把賓語從句放到句末，此時的that不能省。如：

The boy has made it clear that they can’t play with his toys.那個男孩已清楚的表明他們不能玩弄他的玩具。

3.動詞advise, ask, demand, desire, insist(堅決主張), order, propose, request, suggest(建議)等代的賓語從句須用虛擬語氣，即：(should)do的形式。

He asked that we(should)get there before nine o’clock.他要求我們在九點鐘之前趕到那兒。The teacher advised us that we(should)not waste our time.老師勸告我們不要浪費時間了。

4.賓語從句的時態與主句的時態須呼應。即：

1)當主句謂語動詞的時態是現在時或將來時，從句的謂語動詞可用任何所需要的時態表示。如：

He always says that he is our good friend.他總是說他是我們的好朋友。

When the teacher knows what we have done, he will say that we have done a good deed.當老師知道我們所干的事情時，他會說我們做了一件好事。

2)當主句謂語動詞的時態為過去時，從句的謂語動詞須用響應的過去時。如：

He didn’t tell us he came from Shanghai.他沒有告訴我們他來自上海。

He said he had read the book.他說他讀過這本書。

3)但當從句的內容是客觀真理或客觀事實，而不受時間的限制時，即使主句謂語動詞為過去時，從句仍用一般現在時。如：

Chairman Mao said that all the imperialists are paper tigers.毛主席說一切帝國主義者都是紙老虎。

When we were children, we were told that China is in the east of the world.我們還是小孩子的時候，人們就告訴我們說中國在世界的東方。

賓語從句用法詳解

一、賓語從句的引導詞

賓語從句通常由連詞that和whether(if)、連接代詞或連接副詞以及關系代詞型what引導：

1.that引導

We believe that he is honest.我們相信他是誠實的。

The doctor insists that I give up smoking醫生堅持要我戒煙。

I suggest that we should go tomorrow.我建議我們明天走。

I suggested that we should go the next day.我建議我們第二天走。

We learnt from his letter that he was in Spain.從他的信里我們了解到他在西班牙。

The seller demanded that payment should be made within five days.賣方要求5日內付款。

2.whether / if 引導

I don’t know whether he’ll arrive in time.我不知道他是否能及時到。

I didn’t know whether they liked the place.我不知道他們是否喜歡這個地方。

I’ll see whether I can induce him to accept it.我要看看我是否能勸他接受。

I asked her whether she agreed.我問她是否同意。

He enquired if her parents spoke Spanish.他問她父母是否講西班牙語。

I wonder if it’s large enough.我不知道它是否夠大。

She didn’t say if he was still alive.她沒說他是否還活著。

3.連接代詞引導

I don’t know who [whom] you mean.我不知道你指誰。

Please tell me which you like.告訴我你喜歡哪一個。

I’Il do whatever I can do.我將做我所能做的事。

You can take whichever you like.你愛拿哪個就拿哪個吧。

We’ll do whatever we can to save him.我們將盡我們所能來挽救他。

Take whichever seat you like.你要坐哪個座就坐哪個座位。

Give it to whoever you like.你把它愛給誰就給誰。

You don’t know what you are talking about.你在說什么，你自己也不知道。

Tomorrow at this time we’ll know who is elected.明天這時候我們就會知道誰當選了。

4.連接副詞引導

He asked why he had to go alone.他問他為什么必須一個人去。

You don’t know when you are lucky.你身在福中不知福。

I asked how he was getting on.我問他情況怎樣。

He knows where they live.他知道他們住哪里。

Have you found out how wide the ditch Was? 你了解到那條溝有多寬嗎?

I’d like to know when they will let him out.我很想知道他們什么時候會放他出來。

We didn’t know why he had answered in that fashion.我們不明白他為什么這樣回答。

that與whether(if)引導名詞性從句的區別

兩者均可引導賓語從句，也可引導語從句和表語從句(if 通常不行)，但兩者含義不同，whether(if)表示“是否”，that 卻不表示任何含義。在它們所引出的從句中，that 表示一種肯定、明確的概念，而 whether(if)則表示一種不肯定、不明確的概念。比較：

Whether he’ll come is not known yet.他是否來還不清楚。

That he’ll come is known to us all.我們都知道他會來。

類似地，動詞doubt(懷疑)后接賓語從句時，由于 doubt的含義不確定，故通常用 whether(if)來引導其賓語從句，但若 doubt為否定式，則其后的賓語從句用 that 來引導。如： I doubt if you are honest.我懷疑你是否誠實。

I don’t doubt that you are honest.我不懷疑你是誠實的。

that, why 與 because 引導表語從句時的區別

雖然三者均可引導表語從句，但 that 沒有詞義，而 why 和 because 有自己的意思；另外，雖然 why和 because 都可引導表語從句，但前者強調結果，后者強調原因。如： The reason was that you don’t trust her.原因是你不信任她。

The fact is that they are angry with each other.事實是他們生彼此的氣。

He was ill.That’s why he was sent to the hospital.他病了，所以被送到醫院來。

He was sent to the hospital.That’s because he was ill.他被送到醫院，是因為他生病了。

第二篇：如何學習賓語從句

如何學習賓語從句 ──八年級上冊總復習

楊俊強

歷來在英語教學中，語法教學尤為艱難，復雜，學生們似乎望而生畏；作為一名英語工作者，我也深感困惑。在長期的探索中，我總結出了要想讓學生能夠有耐心，能夠很好地掌握語言學習中的語法，總結出一些規律顯得尤為重要。針對賓語從句的教學，我有以下構想和思考。

一、教學目標

1.理解什么是賓語從句及其在語言表達中的作用

2.掌握賓語從句的引導詞

3.掌握賓語從句的時態

4.掌握賓語從句中的語序問題

5.掌握如何進行賓與從句的句型轉換

二、教學設計

1.Presentation & Warming up

我們在一周的學習過后，同學們也見到了很多賓語從句，首先讓大家把自己準備好的一段含有賓語從句的自我介紹展示給大家，讓同學們認真聽，認真想，找出其中的不足之處，并以此來檢查大家的預習準備工作。老師讓同學們把覺得有問題的賓語從句寫在黑板的右側，為下面的工作做準備。

2.Class work

學生認真聽老師的總結，以及對上面presentation中例句的糾錯，本節主要分為以下幾大塊：“三含，一代，一陳述，最后還有一保持。”

1）三含；（—引導詞）

（1）含有一般疑問語氣的從句通常用if 或whether引導。（由一般疑問句引導的句子含有一般疑問語氣）

E.g.Li Ming asked me whether / if it would rain tomorrow.I wonder whether / if he would like to take part in the party.（當句末還有or not時只能選擇whether）

（2）含有特殊疑問語氣的從句通常用特殊疑問代詞或疑問副詞來引導。（常見的特殊疑問代詞有who / what / which /...特殊疑問副詞有where / when / how...）

E.g.Excuse me.Can you tell me how I can get to the train station? The boy is asking his father when they can go on a trip to Tibet.（3）含有陳述語氣的通常用that引導，that通常可以省略。

E.g.One of my friends said that there would be a concert tomorrow.I still believe that nothing lies ahead of us but courage.2）一代（—句型轉換）

特殊疑問代詞或特殊疑問副詞引導的賓語從句可以由特殊疑問代詞或特殊疑問副詞加動詞不定式來代替。

E.g.Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office?

= Can you tell me how to get to the nearest post office?

3）一陳述（—語序）

賓語從句要用陳述句的語序。

E.g.The teacher said that he was an honest boy.I really don't know when he will be back.需要注意的特殊句子：

My mother asks me what is wrong with my head.Mr zhang wonders what is the matter with my deskmate.（以上的例句比較特殊，希望同學們背下來，其實他們也是陳述句語序）

4）一保持（—時態）

主從時態應當保持一致，但當賓語從句表示客觀真理或公理時需要用一般現在時態。

E.g.He said that there were no classes yesterday.My father told me that the earth moves round the sun when I was three years old.3.Group work

兩個人組成一個小組，試著根據“三含、一代、一陳述，最后還有一保持”這句話，把賓語從句中的幾個大的要點重復一遍，講給自己的搭檔聽，并且舉例句，搭檔可以提示漢語，讓另一個人翻譯。然后在互相轉換角色。

4.Homework & Exercise

完成學案中的練習，然后自己歸納總結賓語從句中的要點，可以練習口語造句，嘗試使用賓語從句。

三、教學反思

鑒于學生剛開始接觸賓語從句這一語法項目，需要建立一個整體上的認識，并通過同學的參與，課堂討論，練習，達到很好的效果。

第三篇：講解賓語從句

講解賓語從句，定語從句，表語從句，狀語從句

瀏覽次數：1378次懸賞分：0 | 解決時間：2009-6-13 17:26 | 提問者：魚臺問問

詳細講解

最佳答案

一、狀語從句分類及常用連詞：

類別 連 詞

時間狀語從句 when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once, as soon as,etc.地點狀語從句 where,wherever

原因狀語從句 because, since, as, for, now that, etc.目的狀語從句 in order that, so that, that, etc.結果狀語從句 so…that, so that, such…that, that, etc.條件狀語從句 if, unless, as(so)long as, etc.讓步狀語從句 though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as,etc.比較狀語從句 as…as, so…as, than, etc.方式狀語從句 as, as if, as though, etc.二、相似連詞的用法區別

1.when, while, as，while表時間，從句需用延續性動詞，切不可用瞬間動詞。

when表時間，從句既可以用延續性動詞，又可以用瞬間動詞。

as表時間，與when相似，但側重強調主從句動作同點或同段進行。

when, while后可以接分詞短語。

2.because, as, since, for

語氣 位置 意義

because 最強 前或后 “原因”；表客觀因果關系；回答“” as 較強 前 “由于”；把眾人所知的事實當作理由

since 較弱 前 “既然”；就對方陳述的事實作為理由

for 最弱 后 “理由”；對某一事實進行推斷的理由

注：上面所說的“前”，指從句在主句之前；“后”，指從句在主句之后。

3.so that, so…that, such…that

so that “以便”、“結果”表目的和結果。注意：在從句中有情態動詞表目的。無情態動詞表結果。

so…that “如此的…以致于”表結果。該結構常見于： 1.so+形／副＋that 2.so+形＋a(an)＋單數名詞＋that 3.so＋many/much＋復數名詞（不可數名詞）+that

such…that “如此的…以致于”表結果。該結構常見于：

1.such＋a(an)＋形＋名詞＋that 2.such＋形＋復數名詞／不可數名詞＋that

4.though, although, as，though, although在句首表“盡管”兩者都可以用。但句后不能再用but。

下列情況只能用though：

▲ as though(=as if);even if(=even though)▲ 在句末表示“然而”

as表示“盡管”，從句的表語、狀語等成分要倒裝。

5.whatever, however,wherever, whenever

它們是what, how, where, when的強勢語氣。分別等于：

no matter what, no matter how no matter where, no matter when

二賓語從句

1.肯定句

結構:主句+that（可有可無）+肯定句

2.一般疑問句

結構:主句+if+一般疑問句

3.特殊疑問句

結構:主句+疑問詞+肯定句。

賓語從句的時態

1.主現從不限（主句是一般現在時，從句的時態不限）

2.主過從四過（主居是一般過去時，從句的時態應是一般過去時、過去完成時、過去將來時或者過去進行時）

在復合句中用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。賓語從句是初中英語中最重要的一種從句，它內容完整，句型結構較為復雜，主句和從句時態搭配要求嚴格，在中考試題中頻頻出現。而且學好賓語從句也可為到高中學習間接引語、主語從句、表語從句及同位語從句打下良好的基礎。學習賓語從句并不難，只要你能過好下面的三道關：

第一關，選好連接詞（也有人叫關聯詞）。

引導賓語從句的連接詞，課本上寫有三類，但從學習的角度看分為四類更為實用。

1．連詞that：只起連接作用，在從句中不作句子成分，也無詞匯意義，在口語中或非正式文體中常被省略。例如：

1）He knew（that）he should work hard．

2）I am glad（that）you've passed the exam． 2．連詞whether或if：它們起連接作用，在從句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，口語中多用if。例如：

3）Do you know whether he will ride here at 8 tomorrow morning？（注：2002上海市徐匯區中考試題填上答案后的句子。以下再有這種例句，都為2002年中考題，只寫某地。）

4）Tom didn't know if／whether his grandpa liked the present．

作“是否”解的if和whether在具體用法上差別較大，同學們不易掌握。在賓語從句中用whether沒有用if時受到那么多限制。例如：

5）He asked me whether or not I was coming．他問我是否要來。（該句中的whether不能換成if，因為if不能與or連用。）

3．連接代詞who，whom，whose，what，which：它們起連接作用，作句子成分，各有其自己的意義。例如：

6）The teacher asked the new student which class he was in？（武漢市）（which引導賓語從句，在從句中作定語，修飾class，意為“哪個”。）

7）Can you tell me whom he is waiting for？（天津市）

4．連接副詞when，where，why，how：起連接作用，分別作時間、地點、原因、方式狀語，各有其自己的意義。例如：

8）I wonder where he got so much money．對他從哪里弄到那么多錢我感到疑惑。（where在從句中作地點狀語，修飾got，意為“哪里；什么地方”。）

9）He didn't tell me how old his friend was．（四川省）（how引導賓語從句，作程度狀語，修飾old，意為“怎樣；如何”等意。）

第二關，牢記賓語從句的語序是陳述句語序，即“連接詞＋主語＋謂語＋其他”。這里特別強調的是，它的主語和謂語的語序是陳述句的語序，不是疑問句的倒裝語序。例如：

10）You must remember what your teacher said．（河南省）

11）—Dad，do you know when the football game will start？

—In half an hour．（寧波市）

12）漢譯英：你能不能告訴我，我們去看望誰？

誤：Can you tell me who（m）do we have to see？

正：Can you tell me who（m）we have to see？

錯句的錯誤出在賓語從句中誤用了疑問句的結構——主語前加了個助動詞do。因為我們已經習慣了特殊疑問句，如W hat time does the plane arrive in Paris？就順口說出“Do you know what time does the plane arrive in Paris？”這種錯誤句子來。但是一旦我們注意了，我們不久就習慣于說“Do you know what time the plane arrives in Paris？”了。

第三關，注意時態的呼應。

賓語從句中謂語動詞的時態，常常受主句謂語時態的制約，這種現象稱為“時態的呼應”。例如：

13）漢譯英：我原以為你今天有空的。

誤：I thought（that）you are free today．

正：I thought（that）you would be free today． 錯句中賓語從句用are很可能是因為有 today，但因為主句謂語是thought，所以從句謂語就該用過去將來時would be了。

這種時態的呼應，如果主句謂語是現在時或將來時，賓語從句的謂語時態不受限制，如上述例句2），3），7），8），10），11），12）。如果主句時態是過去時，賓語從句一般要隨著改為相應的過去時（即一般過去時、過去進行時、過去完成時、過去將來時等）。例如：

14）He thought he was working for the people．

15）I heard she had been to the Great W all．

16）John hoped that he would find a job soon．

但賓語從句如果表示定理法則、永恒真理等，則不變化：

17）The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun

定語從句

定語從句

內容提要

定語從句是由關系代詞和關系副詞引導的從句，其作用是作定語修飾主句的某個成分，定語從句分為限定性和非限定性從句兩種。狀語從句分為時間狀語從句，結果狀語從句，讓步狀語從句，原因狀語從句，條件狀語從句以及行為方式狀語從句。名詞從句包括主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句和同位語從句及there be句型。

一、限定性定語從句

1.that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它們在從句中作主語或賓語，that在從句中作賓語時常可省略關系詞，which在從句中作賓語則不能省略。而且，如果which在從句中作“不及物動詞＋介詞”的介詞的賓語，注意介詞不要丟掉，而且介詞總是放在關系代詞which的前邊，但有的則放在它原來的位置

2.which作賓語時，根據先行詞與定語從句之間的語義關系，先行詞與which之間的介詞不能丟

3.代表物時多用which，但在帶有下列詞的句子中用that而不用which，這些詞包括all, anything, much等，這時的that常被省略

4.who和whom引導的從句用來修飾人，分別作從句中的主語和賓語，whom作賓語時，要注意它可以作動詞的賓語也可以作介詞的賓語

5.where是關系副詞，用來表示地點的定語從句

6.when引導定語從句表示時間

〔注〕值得一提的是，表示時間“time“一詞的定語從句只用when引導，有時不用任何關系代詞，當然也不用that引導

By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7.whose是關系代詞，修飾名詞作定語，相當于所修飾成分的前置所有格

8.當從句的邏輯主語是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing時，常用there is來引導

二、非限定性定語從句：非限定性定語從句的作用是對所修飾的成分作進一步說明，通常和主句間用逗號隔開，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立

1.which引導的非限定性定語從句來說明前面整個句子的情況或主句的某一部分

2.在引導限定性定語從句時，that有時相當于in which, at which, for which或at which

Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which)attitudes towards night dreaming have changed.人們對白日做夢的態度正在改變，這與人們對夜間做夢的看法的變化有非常相似之處。

I like the music for the very reason that(for which)he dislike it.我出于某種原因喜歡這種音樂，而他恰恰與我相反。

We arrived the day that(on which)they left.剛好我們到的那天他們走了。

3.有時as也可用作關系代詞

4.在非限定性定語從句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物

三、定語從句結構錯誤

1.缺關系詞

2.從句中缺成分

最佳答案

定語從句是由關系代詞和關系副詞引導的從句，其作用是作定語修飾主句的某個成分，定語從句分為限定性和非限定性從句兩種。狀語從句分為時間狀語從句，結果狀語從句，讓步狀語從句，原因狀語從句，條件狀語從句以及行為方式狀語從句。名詞從句包括主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句和同位語從句及there be句型。

一、限定性定語從句

1.that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它們在從句中作主語或賓語，that在從句中作賓語時常可省略關系詞，which在從句中作賓語則不能省略。而且，如果which在從句中作“不及物動詞＋介詞”的介詞的賓語，注意介詞不要丟 掉，而且介詞總是放在關系代詞which的前邊，但有的則放在它原來的位置

2.which作賓語時，根據先行詞與定語從句之間的語義關系，先行詞與which之間的介詞不能丟

3.代表物時多用which，但在帶有下列詞的句子中用that而不用which，這些詞包括all, anything, much等，這時的that常被省略

4.who和whom引導的從句用來修飾人，分別作從句中的主語和賓語，whom作賓語時，要注意它可以作動詞的賓語也可以作介詞的賓語

5.where是關系副詞，用來表示地點的定語從句

6.when引導定語從句表示時間

〔注〕值得一提的是，表示時間“time”一詞的定語從句只用when引導，有時不用任何關系代詞，當然也不用that引導

By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7.whose是關系代詞，修飾名詞作定語，相當于所修飾成分的前置所有格

8.當從句的邏輯主語是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing時，常用there is來引導

二、非限定性定語從句：非限定性定語從句的作用是對所修飾的成分作進一步說明，通常和主句間用逗號隔開，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立

1.which引導的非限定性定語從句來說明前面整個句子的情況或主句的某一部分

2.在引導限定性定語從句時，that有時相當于in which, at which, for which或at which

Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which)attitudes towards night dreaming have changed.人們對白日做夢的態度正在改變，這與人們對夜間做夢的看法的變化有非常相似之處。

I like the music for the very reason that(for which)he dislike it.我出于某種原因喜歡這種音樂，而他恰恰與我相反。

We arrived the day that(on which)they left.剛好我們到的那天他們走了。

3.有時as也可用作關系代詞

4.在非限定性定語從句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物

狀語從句

§ 1狀語從句的種類

用來修飾謂語動詞、其它動詞、定語、狀語或整個句子的從句叫做狀語從句。狀語從句可分為：

1.時間狀語從句；(adverbial clause of time)

2.地點狀語從句；(adverbial clause of place)

3.原因狀語從句；(adverbial clause of cause)

4.條件狀語從句；(adverbial clause of condition)

5.目的狀語從句；(adverbial clause of purpose)

6.讓步狀語從句；(adverbial clause of concession)7.比較狀語從句；(adverbial clause of comparison)

8.程度狀語從句；(adverbial clause of degree)

9.方式狀語從句；(adverbial clause of manner)

10.結果狀語從句。(adverbial clause of result)

§2狀語從句的時態特點

一般情況下，時間和條件狀語從句的謂語動詞一般用“一般現在時”表示“一般將來時”，用“現在完成時”表示“將來完成時”。例如：

I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.我一到北京就給你打電話。（這是由as soon as引導的時間狀語從句，從句中的謂語動詞arrive是一般現在時，表示一般將來時，決不可用will arrive）

As soon as I have finished this work, I will go home.我一完成此工作，就回家。（從句中的謂語動詞用現在完成時have finished，表示將來完成時,決不可用will have finished）

If he comes back, please let me know.如果他回來了，請通知我。（從句中的謂語動詞用comes back,表示一般將來時，決不可用will come back）

二 時間狀語從句

§3時間狀語從句（adverbial clause of time）

1.由when, while, as引導的時間狀語從句。例如：

When you think you know nothing, then you begin to know something.當你以為自己一無所知的時候，你就是在開始知道一些事物了。

When truth is buried under the ground it grows, it chokes, it gathers such an explosive force that on the day it bursts out , it blows up everything with it.當真理被埋在地下的時候，它在生長，它感到壓抑，它蓄存著這么一種爆炸性力量，一旦冒出，它就會炸破一切！

Strike while the iron is hot.趁熱打鐵。

Will you watch my clothes while I have a swim.我游泳的時候，請你照看一下我的衣服。

You can feel the air moving as your hand pushes through it.當你的手在空氣中揮動的時候，你就能感覺到空氣在流動。

Our headmaster laughed as she spoke.我們的校長邊談邊笑。

【區別】when, while和as的區別：when引導的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續性的動詞，又可以是瞬時動詞。并且when有時表示“就在那時”。例如：

When she came in, I stopped eating.她進來時，我在吃飯。(瞬時動詞)

When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.當的住在農村時，我常常為他擔水。（延續性的動詞）

We were about to leave when he came in.我們就要離開，就在那時他進來了。

While引導的從句的謂語動作必須是延續性的，并強調主句和從句的動作同時發生（或者相對應）。并且while有時還可以表示對比。例如：

While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.(was reading是延續性的動詞，was reading和was watching同時發生)

I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜歡踢足球，而你喜歡打籃球。（對比）

As表示“一邊……一邊”，as引導的動作是延續性的動作，一般用于主句和從句動作同時發生；as也可以強調“一先一后。例如：

We always sing as we walk.我們總是邊走邊唱。（as表示“一邊……一邊”）

As we was going out, it began to snow.當我們出門時，開始下雪了。（as強調句中兩個動作緊接著先后發生，而不強調開始下雪的特定時間）

2.由before和after引導的時間狀語從句。注意before引導的從句不再用否定式的謂語，并且當before引導的從句位于主句之后，有時譯成“就，才”。還要注意主句和從句之間的時間關系。當主句用將來時，從句總是用現在時；如果before引導的從句謂語用的是過去時，則主句動詞多用過去完成時，這樣以便體現動作發生的先后。After表示主句動作發生在從句動作之后。主句和從句的動作的時間關系正好與before引導的從句相反。例如：

It will be four days before they come back.他們要過四天才能回來。

Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.愛因斯坦幾乎把我撞倒才看到我。

My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.我父親恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。

They had not been married four months before they were divorced.他們結婚還不到四個月就離婚了。

After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔細考慮過以后，告訴我你是怎樣決定的。

After we had finished the work, we went home.完成工作之后，我們回家了。（從句用過去完成時，主句用一般過去時）

3.由till或until引導的時間狀語從句。till和until一般情況下兩者可以互換，但是在強調句型中多用until。并且要注意的是：如果主句中的謂語動詞是瞬時動詞時，必須用否定形式；如果主句中的謂語動詞是延續性動詞時，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表達的意思不同。例如：

I didn't go to bed until（till）my father came back.直到我父親回來我才上床睡覺。

It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.直到散會之后他才開始教我英語。

I worked until he came back.我工作到他回來為止。

I didn't work until he came back.他回來我這才開始工作。

Please wait until I arrived.在我到達之前請等我。

4.由since引導的時間狀語從句。since引導的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續性的動詞，又可以是瞬時動詞。一般情況下，從句謂語動詞用一般過去時，而主句的謂語動詞用現在完成時。但在It is ＋時間＋since從句的句型中，主句多用一般現在時。例如：

I have been in Beijing since you left.自從你離開以來，我一直在北京了。

Where have you been since I last saw you? 自上次我和你見面以后，你到哪里去了？

It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。

It is five months since our boss was in Beijing.我們老板離開北京有五個月了。

5.由as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, 等引導的時間狀語從句。這些連詞都表示“一……就”。例如：

I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast.吃完早飯，我立即到那里去。

The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot.我一聽到消息，馬上趕到了出事地點。

As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up.我一到加拿大，就給你來電話。

【注意】hardly(scarcely, rarely)…when / before, no sooner…than相當于as soon as之意。主句用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時。當hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首時，主句應用倒裝語序。例如：

He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.他剛到家，就被邀請開始另一旅程。

No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work.太陽剛從地平線上升起，他就起床勞動去了。

Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in.我剛坐下，他就進來了。

He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder.這個阿拉伯人剛要入睡就感到肩膀上被輕輕一觸。

6.由by the time引導的時間狀語從句。注意時態的變化：在一般情況下，如果從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時，主句的謂語動詞用過去完成時；如果主句的謂語動詞用一般現在時，主句的謂語動詞用將來完成時。例如：

By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回來時，我已經寫完這本書了。

By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work.你明天來這兒的時候，我將已經完成此工作了。

7.由each time, every time和whenever引導的時間狀語從句。例如：

Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me.他每次來哈爾濱，總是來看我。

Whenever that man says“To tell the truth”, I suspect that he's about to tell a lie.每當那個人說“說實在話”的時候，我猜想他就要說謊了。

You grow younger every time I see you.每次遇到你，見你更年輕了。

8.由as long as和so long as引導的時間狀語從句。這兩個連詞表示“有多久……就多久”。例如：

You can go where you like as long as you get back before dark.你可以隨意到哪里去，只要在天黑以前回來就行。

I will fight against these conditions as long as there is a breath in my body!只要我一息尚存，我就要反對這種境況。

三 地點狀語從句

§4地點狀語從句(adverbial clause of place)

地點狀語從句一般由連接副詞where, wherever等引導，已經形成了固定的句型，例如：

句型1：Where＋地點從句，（there）＋主句。

【注意】此句型通常譯成“哪里……哪里就……”；主句在從句后面時，there可用可不用；如果主句在從句的前面時，一般都不用there。例如：

Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在沒有雨水的地方，耕作是困難的，或根本不可能的。

They were good persons.Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed.他們都是好人。因此他們走到哪里都受到熱烈歡迎。

You should have put the book where you found it.你本來應該把書放回原來的地方。

Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated.哪里有了中國共產黨，哪里人民得解放。

句型2：Anywhere/ wherever＋地點從句，＋主句。

【注意】anywhere本身是個副詞，但是，常可以引導從句，相當于連詞，意思相似于wherever, anywhere引導的從句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而wherever本身就是個連詞，表示“在何處，無論何處”。例如：

Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.有海就有海員

同位語

一個名詞(或其它形式)對另一個名詞或代詞進行修飾，限定或說明，這個名詞(或其它形式)就是同位語。同位語與被它限定的詞的格要一致，并常常緊挨在一起。

1.由兩個或兩個以上同一層次的語言單位組成的結構,其中前項與后項所指相同,句法功能也相同,后項是前項的同位語。

Mr.Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us.我們的新老師史密斯先生對我們很好。

Mr.Smith是主詞our new teacher的同位語,指同一人。

Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brother's.昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友湯姆。

a friend of my brother's是受詞Tom的同位語,指同一人。

2.如同位語與其同位成分關系緊密時不用逗點隔開;如同位語對其同位成分只作補充解釋時可用逗點隔開。

He himself told me that his brother John is a world-famous doctor.他本人對我講,他的兄長約翰是一位世界聞名的醫生。

himself和John都是單一的字作同位語,與其同位成分之間不用逗點隔開。

Yesterday I talked to my English teacher, Mr.James.昨天我與我的英語老師詹姆斯先生談過了。

同位語Mr.James補充解釋my English teacher,同位語與其同位成分之間可用逗點隔開。

3.同位語除表示其同位成分的全部意義外,還可以表示部分意義。

We Chinese people are brave and hardworking.我們中國人民是勤勞勇敢的。

He is interested in sports, especially ball games.他喜歡運動,特別是球類運動。

同位從句一般跟在某些名詞如answer(答案)，hope(希望)，fact(事實)，belief(信仰)，news(消息)，idea(主意；觀念)，promise(承諾)，information(信息)，conclusion(結論)，order(命令)，suggestion(建議)，problem(問題)，thought(想法)等后面。例如： He always works hard even if he knows the fact that he is not in good health.His failure was due to the fact that he had not practised for a long time.I had no idea that you were here.She told us her hope that she would become a pianist.He made a promise that he would never come late.注意： that 既可引導同位語從句又可引導定語從句，其區別在于：同位語從句由連接詞that引導，連接詞that本身無意義，在同位語從句中不充當任何成分，不可省略，不可以用其他詞替代；定語從句由關系代詞that引導，關系代詞that在從句中充當一定的成分，作賓語時可省略，由when, why, where引導的 同位語從句和定語從句的區別在于： 同位語從句由連接副詞只起連接作用，沒有指代作用； 定語從句由關系副詞引導，關系副詞具有指代先行詞的作用，常用一個介詞加關系代詞替換。例如:I will never forget the day when we first met.（同位語從句, when為連接詞）That is the special day(which/that)I will never forget.（定語從句，which/that為關系副詞）This is the house where we lived fifteen years ago.（同位語從句, where為連接詞）This is the house which we sold fifteen years ago.（定語從句，where為關系副詞）

區分表語從句和同位語從句

從句是相對于主句而言的，即它是從屬于某一個主句，而不能單獨作一個句子。在英語中，主要有三大從句，即名詞性從句（包括主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句，同位語從句）、形容詞性從句（即定語從句）、副詞性從句（即狀語從句,包括時間、條件、結果、目的、原因、讓步、地點、方式等）。

主語從句用作主語，如：：

That the earth is round is true.地球為圓的是真實的。

賓語從句用作賓語。如：

Do you know where he lives?

表語從句用作表語，如：

My opinion is that you should not go alone.我的意見是你不應單獨前往。

同位語從句用于解釋說明前面的名詞。如：

The fact that the earth is round is true.地球是圓的的事實是真實的。（that從句用于解釋說明the fact）

定語從句相當于一個形容詞，用于修飾前面的名詞。如：

The student who answered the question was John.回答問題的學生是John.狀語從句相當于一個副詞，如：

When it rains, I usually go to school by bus.天下雨時，我通常坐公共汽車上學。（時間狀語）

If he comes tomorrow, you will see him.如果他明天來，你就可以看見他。（if 引導的條件狀語從句，其結構為：if +狀語從句，＋主句）。要注意在狀語從句中有一個規則是“主將從現”，即主句是將來時，則從句要用一般現在時表示將來。

主句和從句的劃分方法是相同的。句子的成分從謂語動詞處來劃分比較容易。謂語動詞前面的部分是主語，后面常接賓語，修飾謂語動詞的是狀語，修飾主語、賓語的是定語，若謂語是系動詞，則系動詞后的部分是表語。如：

I am a teacher.其中，I 是主語，am是謂語，a teacher 是表語。

He likes playing football very mucy.其中，he是主語，likes是謂語，playing football是賓語，very much是狀語。

參考資料：http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/45927224.html?fr=qrl

第四篇：賓語從句授課材料

第四周英語培優 賓語從句專項訓練

一、定義及其在句中位置。

二、引導詞的選擇 Tom said ___ he was reading a book.2 I say___ I plan to visit Mount Tai this summer.3.I think___ Mary is a good friend.4.We are sure___ you went to the park yesterday.歸納： The girl asked___ they would take some food and drink with them.A.what B.if C.when D.where 2 I don't know ___ they have passed the exam or not.A.what B.whether C.when D.where 歸納： He asked me _____told me the accident.A whom B which C who D whose 2 Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?

A.what B when C why D how 3 Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty？

A.who B.what C.when D.that 4 — I don't know _____ Mr.Green will come to see us.—He will help us with our English.A.why B.when C.how D.where 歸納：

三、語序

1.She asked me if I knew ______.A.whose pen is it B.whose pen it was C.whose pen it is D.whose pen was it 2 Did you know ____

A.who he was looking after B.who was he looking for

C.who he is looking for

D.who he is looking after 3 Could you tell me ___

A.when will they leave Beijing B.when would they leave Beijing C.when they will leave Beijing D.when did they leave Beijing 歸納：

四、時態 Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.A.has never gone B.had never gone C.has never been D.had never been 2 The students want to know whether they___ dictation today.A.had B.has.C.will have D.are 3 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.A.travelled B.has travelled C.travells D.had travelled 歸納： Everybody could see what happened and __ Tom was frightened.2 He is a good student except ___ he is careless.3 He said once again __ he was innocent.She made it clear ___ she was not concerned with this accident.A.that B / C why D what 歸納： Let me know __ you can come or not.2 I worry about __ I hurt him yesterday.3 We are discussing __ we shall go to visit Mr Wang on Teacher’s Day.4 I don’t know__ to accept his flower.5 __ it is true, I can’t tell.A.if B whether C / D that 歸納：

()1.It's so dark.I can't find out _______ it's a boy _______ a girl.A.if, and B.that, and

C.either, or

D.whether, or()2.Mrs.Green asked me _______ I would go with her.A.what

B.which

C.why

D.that()3.I don't know _______ the coat _______ cheap enough.A.if, is

B.where,were

C.that ,was

D.if, were()4.Call you tell me why _______ yesterday? A.you didn't come

B.did you not come

C.didn't you come

D.you don't come()5.Jack isn't sure _______ students there are in his class.A.how many

B.what

C.which

D.whether()6.I want to know _______ his homework yesterday evening.A.if he finished

B.whether he had finished C.had she finished

D.has she finished()7.He told me that he _______ to London the next day.A.would go

B.go

C.went

D.has gone()8.He said that April _______ the _______ month of a year.A.is, third

B.is, fourth

C.was, fourth

D.was, third()9.Do you know _______ ? A.is it whose pen

B.whose pen is it

C.whose pen it is D.it is whose pen()10.Do you know _______ of the three? A.which book she likes best

B.which best book does she like C.that which book she likes best

D.which book she best likes()11.I hear _______ the teacher will come back from the UK soon.A.which

B.that

C.when

D.whether()12.Do you know _______ made him angry last time? A.when

B.that

C.where

D.what()13.Can you tell me _______ the meeting will begin? A.what

B.whether

C.when

D.where()14._______ surprised me most was _______ he didn't go to school yesterday.A.What, how

B.What, that

C.That, that

D.Whom, that()15.I wondered _______ they had been to America.A.if

B.what

C.who

D.that()16.Do you know _______ Jack left so early? A.what

B.why

C.until

D.though()17.I am sure _______ you said is true.A.what

B.that

C.which

D.who()18.It has not been decided _______ they will leave.A.why

B.when

C.which

D.what()19.Do you know _______ she will go to the cinema with us? A.if

B.where

C.who

D.which()20.The children said _______ they _______ themselves very much.A.if, enjoy

B.why,enjoyed

C.where,enjoy

D.that, enjoyed()21.I don't think _______ I _______ out the problem.A.if, can work B.how, will work

C.that, can work

D.when, will work()22.We are sure _______ he _______ to speak English well.A.that, learned

B.that, has learned C.if, learned

D.if, has learned()23.The boy asked _______ I _______ any noise from outside.A.when, heard B.why, had learned

C.whether, had heard

D.what, heard()24.Do you know _______ take to get to the hospital? A.which way must we B.which must we way C.which way we must D.which we must way()25.Tom asked _______ to school late.A.who did often com B.who often came C.why had she left

D.why she had left()26.I don't remember _______ the boy by himself.A.why did she leave B.why she left C.why had she left

D.why she had left()27.Don't you believe _______ to the moon by spaceship? A.that man did fly B.how did the man fly

C.if man fly

D.whether man fly()28.The teacher told us _______.A.is the earth round B.the earth was round

C.the earth is round D.was the earth round()29.Who knows _______ dictionary it is? A.who's

B.whose

C.whom

D.who()30.I can't remember _______ I sent the book to.A.that

B.which

C.where

D.whom()31.I want to know _______ will go with us.A.who

B.whom

C.what

D.that()32.--I don't know if he _______.--He will come if it _______.A.comes, won't rain B.will come, doesn't rain C.comes, doesn't

D.will come, won't rain()33.She said _______ it wouldn't matter much.A.that

B.if

C.which

D.what()34.She has made it clear _______ she will have nothing to do with him.A.what

B.which

C.whether

D.that

()35.For centuries, people have wondered _______ this continent is really like, since it is covered with solid thick ice and deep snow all the year round.A.what

B.how

C.which

D.whether()36.The teacher came up to see _______.A.what was the matter

B.what the matter was C.what the matter is

D.what's the matter()37.I forgot _______ France.A.he has gone to

B.he had leen to C.he went

D.he had gone to

()38.I learned _______ the city for a long time.A.she has been to

B.she has gone to

C.she had been in

D.she had gone to()39.Do you remember _______ you _______ the look? A.where, put

B.if, have put

C.what, put

D.where, are putting()40.They will be thankful for _______ you have done.A.what

B.that

C.which

D.who()41.They don't know _______their parents are.A that

B what

C why

D which 文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處多者(從第11處起)不計分。

(1)The Internet is playing a important part in our daily life.On the net, we can learn about

news both home and abroad and some other informations as well.We can also make phone calls，send messages by e-mail, go to net schools and learning foreign languages by ourselves.Beside, we can enjoyed music, watch sports matches, and play the chess or cards.The net even help you do shopping, have a chat with others and make friend with them.In a word, the Internet has made our life more easier．

(2)A few months after returning the US from Germany, I attended in a college course in French.Since I have learned to speak German good in Germany, I thought that it might be interested to begin studying other language.At the first class, the teacher asked us to do a pronunciation exercise, in which he would say a word or two in French, and each student would do their best to imitate.When he got to me, he kept having me to say more words, but I finally asked him why.“I find it great funs.It’s the first time I’ve heard an American speak French with a German accent.” he explained.(3)Dear Elli，I’m a senior student.I like make friends with people but I do my best to get on well with everyone.But in last week I found that one of my friends wrote in her English diary that she disliked me and he didn’t want to be my friend any more.Now she has started to make fun of me because of I’m fat.I’m kind to her, but why can’t she be friend of mine? Other problem is about my weigh.Should I do less exercise or use pills? And do you know any other way? Please give me some advices.Yours，Mary

第五篇：《賓語從句》教案

中考專題復習《賓語從句》教案

設計人：王晶晶

一、課 標 要 求

掌握賓語從句引導詞的用法 掌握賓語從句的語序 掌握賓語從句的時態

二、教 學 重 點

賓語從句引導詞、時態與語序的用法

三、教 學 難 點

if/when引導的是賓語從句還是狀語從句 賓語從句中的“否定轉移”現象

四、教 具

多媒體課件

五、教 學 過 程

考點一:考查賓語從句的引導詞

引導賓語從句的關聯詞主要有:that,if ,whether,what,who,which,how,where,when,why等．

對引導詞的選擇要注意三點：

１．陳述句變為賓語從句時，引導詞用that,口語中that常省略，無實義；

２．一般疑問句變為賓語從句時，引導詞用if或whether,意為“是否”（注意：當和or not連用時必須用whether);３．特殊疑問句變為賓語從句時，用特殊疑問詞作引導詞，其意義要以特殊疑問詞本身的含義來確定．

考點二:考查賓語從句的語序

賓語從句的語序要用陳述語序,即主謂語序.Do you know where he lives? Can you tell me when the plane will arrive? I don’t know if/whether he will come.He asked how we could get there.考點三：考查賓語從句的時態

1.主句是一般現在時態，從句的時態要根據句意而定，該用什么時態

就用什么時態．例如；

where he lives.I want to know what he is doing in the garden.when he will come here.how long he has been in China.2.主句是一般過去時態，從句的時態要變成相應的過去時態．例如: where he lived.（一般現在時變為一般過去時）I wanted to know what he was doing.(現在進行時變為過去進行時)when he would come here.(一般將來時變為過去將來時)how long he had been in China.(現在完成時變為過去完成時)注意:當賓語從句是客觀真理自然規律時,不管主句用什么時態,從句總用一

般現在時.The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun.考點四：考查賓語從句的“否定轉移”現象 在“I think/believe/suppose+that”從句中，對從句的否定往往前移到主句的謂語部分，習慣上稱為“否定轉移”．

選一選

--Shall we invite our teacherto the party?--That’s a good idea.But I_____think she_____come.A.don’t;will B./;won’t C.won’t;will D.do;won’t 考點五：考查if/when引導的是賓語從句還是狀語從句 試比較一:I don’t know if he will come tomorrow.(if “是否”，引導賓語從句．時態：根據句意該用什么時態就用什么時態）If he comes, we will go to the zoo．

（if“如果”，引導條件狀語從句．時態：主句將來時，從句一般現在時）試比較二：I have no idea when he will come.（when“什么時候”，引導賓語從句）I will tell you when he comes.(when“當...的時候”,引導時間狀語從句)限時小測驗

1.Do you remember________?

A.where did you buy the dictionary B.where you bought the dictionary C.where do you buy the dictionary D.where you buy the dictionary 2.—Could you tell me __________?-Sorry, I don’t know.You can ask the Policeman over there.A.where the science museum is B.how can I get to the science museum C.where is the science museum D.the science museum is where 3.Can you tell us ________________________? A.If your father does B.what does your father do C.Your father does what D.what your father does 4.Do you know ____________________? A.what are you listening B.what you are listening C.What you are listening to D.what are you listening to 5.I don’t know if his uncle____.I think he_____if it doesn’t rain.A.will come, comes B.will come, will come C.comes, comes D.comes, will come 6.I don’t know when Mr Green_______.When he _____,you must tell me.A.comes back, comes back B.will come back, comes back C.will come back, will come back D.comes back, will come back 7.We don’t know if it_______tomorrow.If it______, we will go hiking.A.will rain, won’t rain B.rains, doesn’t rain C.will rain, doesn’t rain D.rains, won’t rain 8．--Shall we invite our teacherto the party?--That’s a good idea.But I_____think she_____come.A.don’t;will B./;won’t C.won’t;will D.do;won’t 9.My uncle remembered＿＿＿＿＿．

A.when we moved to the town B.when did we move to the town C.when we move to the town D.when do we move to the town 10.We were told that light______much faster than sound.A.Travelled B.travels C.was D.will be 11.—Could you tell us how long___________?-About three days.A.does the sports meeting last B.the sports meeting lasts C.will the sports meeting last D.the sports meeting will last 12.Mr King didn’t know_____yesterday evening.A.when does his son come back B.when his son comes back C.when did his son come back D.when his son came back 13.They wondered if the teacher____them some English songs the next week A.would teach B.had taught C.will teach D.taught 14.--Could you tell me___ she is looking for?--Her cousin, Sue.A.that B.whose C.who D.which 15.Do you know___ we will talk about at tomorrow’s meeting? A.what B.that C.where D.how 16.The teacher asked me___I needed any help.A.whether B.that C.what D.which