第一篇：高三英語getting the message教案

2010屆高三一輪復習英語第三冊Unit Five(Getting the message)

精品教案（人教新版）

Unit5 Getting the message

⊕考綱要求：

◆ 考綱規定的考試范圍: 重點單詞與短語：advertise;advertiser;brand;consideration;charge;loss;blame;broadcast;react;annoy;annoying;defender;accuse;associate;appeal;frequent;salesman;saleswoman;figure;profit;campaign;policy;spokesman;spokeswoman;illegal;post;target;nowadays;waitress;bridegroom;attach;discount;bargain;bonus;take sth.into consideration;in charge;hand in hand;appeal to;keep an eye out for sb./sth.;make sense;get across;

句型：

You think the newspaper is to blame for this… be to blame的用法

On the other hand, critics sometimes accuse companies of using ads to mislead us by making us by making s believe that a certain product is better than it really is fairly is or that we will be happier if we buy it.on the one hand …on the other hand 的用法 Sometimes, the promises do not make sense.make sense Armed with facts and figures, customers are better able to deal with the often powerful arguments given by a salesman or saleswoman.Armed with…是過去分詞短語作原因狀語，語法：復習賓語補足語,可由名詞.副詞.介詞短語.形容詞.動詞不定式.分詞等充當.◆ 復習本章要達到的目標

1.掌握 consideration;charge;loss;blame;broadcast;react;annoy;annoying;defender;accuse;associate;appeal;frequent;figure;profit;illegal;post;target;nowadays;attach;discount;bargain;bonus;take sth.into consideration;in charge;hand in hand;appeal to;keep an eye out for sb./sth.;make sense;get across;等重點單詞及短語的用法。2.掌握賓語補足語的用法；

⊕教材知識歸納

◆知識歸納

1.How is the information conveyed? convey vt.表達；運載

convey sb./sth.(from… to…)

Pipes convey hot water from the boiler to the radiators.通過管道將熱水從鍋爐輸送到散熱管里。

convey sth.to sb.傳達；表達

Words can’t convey how delighted I was.語言不能表達我是多么高興。

2.…make a list of things that you think are important to take into consideration when buying a laptop computer.take… into consideration= take…into account 考慮；體諒；斟酌 You should take that possibility into consideration.你應該考慮到那種可能性。

Before making a decision, you must take all factors into consideration.作決定之前，你必須把各種因素考慮進去。

Taking everything into consideration, the result is better than I expected.從各方面考慮，結果比我預料的好。相關歸納: 考慮到，顧及到；

considering sth.=sth.considered=taking sth.into consideration= sth.taken into consideration

Considering her age, she had done quite better.=Her age considered, she had done quite better.=Taking her age into consideration, she had done quite better.=Her age taken into consideration, she had done quite better.考慮到她的年齡她做的已經夠好了。

3.Use the role cards below to prepare a meeting between concerned readers and the editor in charge of the newspaper’s advertisement section.charge v.& n, 委托，進攻，充電，收費，要價，主管，控告 How much do you charge for mending a pair of shoes? 修一雙鞋要多少錢？

The soldiers charged(at)the enemy.士兵向敵人發起猛攻。

He is charging a storage battery.他在給蓄電池充電。

He was left in charge of the shop while the manager was away.經理不在時，他負責這個商店。相關歸納:(1)in charge of sth.負責某事物

An experienced mechanic is in charge of the job.一位有經驗的機械師負責這工作。

(2)in the charge of sb.處于某人負責這下 take charge of sth.負責某物

John will take charge of the next meeting.約翰將主持下一次會議。

(3)charge sb.some money for sth.因為某物收某人多少錢（4）charge at sb.襲擊某人，向某人沖去 The lion charged at those little animals.獅子向那些小動物沖了過去。（5）free of charge 免費的

(6)charge sb.with sth.控告某人某事 He was charged with stealing.他被控犯有偷竊行為。

4.You think the newspaper is to blame for this…

blame v.責備 歸咎于；責怪

He blamed you for the neglect of duty.他責備你怠忽職守。

I don't blame you;I blame myself.我不怪你;怪我自己。

I am ready to take the blame for the mistake.我準備承擔這一錯誤的責任。相關歸納:(1)blame sb.for sth.She blamed him for the failure of their marriage.她把婚姻的觸礁歸咎于他。(2)be to blame(for sth.)

She was in no way to blame.決不應該責備她。

Which driver was to blame for the accident? 這事故是哪個司機的責任？

(3)bear/take/accept/get the blame(for sth.)(對某事)承擔責任 We were ready to take the blame for what had happened.我們做好準備對所發生的事承擔責任。

(4)lay/put the blame(for sth.)on sb.把某事歸咎于某人

The judge laid /put the blame for the accident on the driver of the car.法官判定汽車司機應對這次車禍負責。

5.People react to advertisements in different ways.Some people find ads useful and entertaining;others think that they are annoying.react 的用法

(1)vi.反應，反抗（常與to, against連用）How did he react to your suggestion? 他對你建議有什么反應？

Children tend to react against their parents by going against their wishes.孩子往往故意不聽父母的話來表示抗拒。

(2)vt.（指物質）起化學反應（常與with連用）An acid can react with an alkali to form a salt.酸可與堿起化學反應形成鹽。annoy的用法

vt.使煩惱，使為難

The noise annoyed the patient.噪音使病人很苦惱。Don’t annoy your neighbor by singing loudly at night.She was annoyed with him because he was late.相關歸納:(1)annoy sb.with sth./by doing sth.因某事而惹某人生氣或煩惱

She annoyed mw with her constant grumbling.她不停地嘮叨使我很煩。

Don’t annoy your neighbors by singing loudly at night.夜晚不要大聲唱歌，民免打擾鄰居。(2)be/get/feel annoyed with sb.for/at sth.因……而生某人的氣

She was annoyed with him because he was late.因為他遲到她對他很生氣。

I felt annoyed with my son for being so lazy.我因兒子如此懶惰而感到生氣。(3)annoyed感到煩惱的；生氣的 annoying惱人的；討厭的

She was annoyed at his annoying manners.她對他討厭的態度很生氣。

6.On the other hand, critics sometimes accuse companies of using ads to mislead us by making us by making s believe that a certain product is better than it really is fairly is or that we will be happier if we buy it.accuse vt.指控；控告；譴責(1)指控，控告；常接介詞of accuse sb.of sth.控告某人某事 He was accused of murder.他被控告犯了謀殺罪。

Are you accusing me of cheating? 你是在指責我欺騙嗎？(2)指責，把……歸咎（于）

accuse sb.for sth.=charge sb.for sth.為某事指責某人

The report accused the government for shirking its responsibilities.報告指責政府推卸責任。

7.By introducing a brand name to potential customers, and by associating the product with the customers’ needs, companies are able to influence the choices customers make.associate的用法：

(1)使發生聯系，使結合在一起，把……聯系起來 I associate summer with holidays.我總是把夏季和休假聯想在一起。

The scientist decided he didn’t want to be associated with the project, and left.這個科學家決定不愿與這個計劃有任何瓜葛，因而離開了。(2)交往，聯合

The military regime dealt ruthlessly with anyone who associated with the former government.軍政府無情地處置任何與前政府有交往的人。He associates with criminals.他和罪犯交往。8.Customers see so many ads every day that advertisers must work hard to get their message across.get across（1）傳播

The message got across at last.這信息終于被傳開了。（2）使……理解

Our teacher is clever, but not very good at getting his ideas across to us.我們的老師很聰明，但他不善于把他的觀點向我們講清楚。This is a very clever way of getting the words across.這個辦法很巧妙，能使人理解那些話。H have tried to get my point across.我已盡力讓我的觀點清晰了。（3）過（馬路，橋等）

The bridge fell down just after we got across(it).我們剛過去，橋就倒塌了。

9.The best chance to reach customers is to appeal to then emotions.appeal vi.要求；懇求；訴諸

(1)appeal(to sb.)for sth.懇求（某人）…… She had no one to appeal to.她求告無門。

The man appealed for mercy.那人懇求寬恕。

(2)appeal to sb.to do sth.懇求某人做某事 She appealed to us to go with her.He appealed to the public to support him.他懇求大眾支持他。

(3)appeal to sth.訴諸(法律、輿論、武力等)The old woman had to appeal to the public opinion.老太太只好訴諸公共輿論。

(4)appeal to sb.引起某人的興趣，吸引某人 Her novels appeal mostly to women.她的小說大多吸引的是婦女讀者。

10.Not all ads used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits.profit：

(1)n.利潤,盈利;收益,紅利

He made a profit of fifty thousand US dollars on his house.他賣掉房子獲利五萬美元。利益,益處;得益

We gained a lot of profit from your advice.我們從你的建議中獲益匪淺。(2)vt.有益于

Telling lies won't profit you.撒謊對你無益。

(3)vi.有益,有利;得益,獲益(+by/from)He learned to profit by his mistakes.他學會了從自己的錯誤中獲益。

We profit from the work of the specialist.我們從專家的工作中得到益處。

11.First of all, we should always keep an eye out for “hidden information”.keep an eye out(for)當心；警惕；注意 Keep an eye out.We’re close to Joe’s house.小心，我們在瓊的家附近。

She told me to keep an eye out for thieves.她告訴我當心小偷。

look out for 當心，警惕，注意 watch out for 當心，警惕，注意

keep one’s eyes open for 當心，警惕，注意 pay close attention to 密切注意 keep an eye on 照看

Can you keep an eye on my bag? 幫我看管一下包好嗎？

12.A good ad often uses words to which people attach positive meanings.attach：vt 將某物系在……上；貼上；安裝；依附；使隸屬于；歸于等 Please attach labels to the luggage.請把標簽系在行李上。

She attached a document to a letter.她把文件附在信上。

Do you attach much important to what he says? 你認為他的話很重要嗎？

How can you attach the blame for this accident to the taxi-driver? 你怎么能把這次事故的責任歸于出租車司機呢? This hospital is attached to the medical college nearby.這個醫院附屬附近的那所醫學院。

注意：在表示“系、拴”的意思時，還可以用fasten和tie。表示“系在……的上面”，可用短語attach/fasten/tie… to…。

13.Sometimes, the promises do not make sense.make sense 講得通，有道理，有意義 Can you make sense of what he said? 你能聽懂他說的話嗎？

What he said just doesn’t make sense.他講的那番話簡直不知所云。

She doesn’t talk much, but what she says makes sense.她講話不多，但言之有理。

It makes sense to take care of your health.照顧好你的健康是很明智的。What you say is true in a sense.你的話在某種意義上屬實。

You sold it? You must be out of your senses!你賣了？你簡直是瘋了！

15.Stores promise us discounts and tell us that they have the “biggest bargains” and “the lowest prices”

bargain n.交易；買賣合同；廉價貨

(1)make/reach a bargain with sb.與某人達成協議 The two countries made a bargain to stop fire.兩國達成停火協議。

That coat is a bargain at such a low price.那外套售價這么低，實在便宜。(2)at a bargain 廉價地

I got this typewriter at a bargain.我廉價買到這臺打字機。(3)vi.討價還價；成交

He bargained with the shopkeeper over the price.他與商店老板講價。

They bargained on a five-year term.他們達成為期五年的交易協議。(4)vt.談判；提出條件；要求。此時，后接that從句，從句中的謂語動詞用虛擬語氣“should + v.”。should可省略。

They bargained that they should be paid for overtime 他們要求加班要有加班費。

◆概念提示

重點/熱點1：

Armed with facts and figures, customers are better able to deal with the often powerful arguments given by a salesman or saleswoman.此處Armed with…是過去分詞短語作原因狀語，相當于As they are armed with…過去分詞作原因狀語是一常見現象，此時分詞動作通常與句子的主語具有被動關系。Equipped with an air-conditioner, the room is comfortable to work in.房間里裝有空調，在里面工作起來很舒適。Armed with practical skills, he will easily find a job.具備實能能力，他將很容易找到工作。

Faced with a serious problem, he is at a loss what to do.面對嚴重的問題，他不知所措。

在when，while，if，as if，though（或although），as，until，once，whether，unless，where等連詞連接的狀語從句中，常省略跟主句相同的主語和be動詞。When(I am)in trouble, I always turn to her for help.Errors, if(there are)any, should be corrected.Wood gives much smoke while(wood is)burning.The letter is to be left here until(it is)called for.Henry looked about as if(he were)in search of something.She studies very hard though(she is)still rather weak.重點/熱點2：

For example, the United Nations selected the soccer star Ronsld, pop singer Tetsuya Komuro and other famous people to represent the UN and make its programmes known to the public.make… known to…是常用句式，意為“讓某人知道……；向某人頌或宣布……”，其中known是過去分詞作賓語補足語。

You should make your views known to the whole class.你應讓全班同學知道你的觀點。

She didn’t mean to make the secret to the public.她沒打算讓公眾知道這一秘密。

如果make 的賓語是that 從句，常用it作形式賓語，而把 that從句置于后面。He tried to make it known to the police that he was innocent.他試圖想讓警察明白無罪的。易混易錯點1：on sale與for sale的區別

(1)on sale（指商店等的貨物)出售，上市(2)for sale待售（通常由物主或代理人經手）She has put her house up for sale.她的房子出售。

I’m sorry this painting is not for sale.很抱歉，這幅畫是非賣品。

The new model is not on sale in the shops.這種新款式商店尚未上市。

Will our new product be on sale as early as next week? 你們的新產品下星期能上市嗎？ 易混易錯點2：figure, shape(1)figure n.數字；人像；肖像；圖表；人影 v.出現；（out）計算出；理解；推想 I saw a figure in the darkness.我看到暗處有一個人影。She has an attractive figure.她有迷人的曲線。She has a slender figure.她身材苗條。

He has become a figure known to everyone.他已成了一個知名人物。

Where did you get those figures? 你從哪兒得到那些數字的? His work now commands huge figures.他的作品現在值大價錢。

Our textbook has many figures to help explain the lessons.我們的教科書有許多圖表幫助解釋課文。Please help me to figure out my income tax.請幫我算一下我的所得稅。

(2)shape n.形狀；（模糊的）人影=figure v.做成某物的形狀 The sculptor worked the clay into the shape of a woman.雕刻家將泥土捏成一個婦女的形狀。

The writer's dreams find a shape in his novel.作者的理想在他的小說中得到體現。Athletes must stay in shape.運動員一定要保持身體健康。

In the darkness, I saw a shape tiptoeing out.在黑暗中,我看見有個身影悄悄走出去。The potter shaped the clay into a vase.陶工將泥土塑成花瓶。

Childhood experiences often play a big part in shaping one's character.童年經歷在形成一個人的性格方面往往起重要作用。

⊕講題組

◆課內題例與課后題：

課內題例

1.How much are you going to _______ for the book?

A.charge

B.request

C.need

D.require 變式：The nurse who was _______ the patient sent for a doctor.A.in charge of

B.in the charge of

C.free of charge

D.charge 解析：A 題意為“這本書你要多少錢？”。

變式：D in charge of意為“負責”，in the charge of意為“由……負責”，free of charge意為“免費”，charge意為“要價，收費”。2.The children were not _______ for the accident.A.blamed

B.to be blamed

C.being blamed

D.to blame 變式：No one in the school but Tom and I ______ for the broken glass.A.are to blame

B.is to be blamed

C.is to blame

D.are to be blamed 解析：A be to blame(for)意為“應為……承擔責任，該為……愛責備”。變式：C no one作主語謂語動詞用單數。

3.I tried hard, but it doesn’t ________.A.make sense

B.make a sense

C.make senses

D.in a blame 變式：I have read the text several times but I still can’t _______ it.A.make use of

B.take advantage of

C.make any sense of

D.have an idea of 解析：A make sense意為“有明確意義，有道理，懂得”；in a sense意為“在某種意義上，在一定程度上”。變式：C

make use of 和take advantage of意為“利用”，make any sense of意為“理解”。

4._____________, I should like to get there today.A.If it was possible

B.If it is possibly

C.If possible

D.If possibly 變式：If young people see a film _______ a famous person smokes cigarettes, they may get a very bad, _________, message.A.when, if not dangerously

B.where, if isn’t in danger

C.in which, if not dangerous

D.that, if not in danger 解析：C 在主多復合句中，從句主語與主句主語或相應的邏輯主語一致或用it 等代詞作主語時，且從句中出現be動詞時，從句中的主語和be可以一起省略。變式：C 第一個空為定語從句缺少地點狀語，第二個空省略了it is。

5.I ________ there little more than a week when I set to work with the scientist.A.would be

B.have been

C.had been

D.will be

變式：It was reported that Mr Smith _______ by the police for driving his car while drunk.A.killed

B.had been shot

C.caught

D.had been caught 解析：C 此題考查時態。根據句意：“當我和科學家開始工作一起時，我已在那個地方呆了不到一個星期。”變式：D 根據句意：報道是過去時，而被警察抓住是發生在報道前，故用過去完成時；而B選項與情景不符。

6.Tom, you ________ leave all your clothes on the floor like this!

A.wouldn’t

B.mustn’t

C.needn’t

D.may not 變式1：As he had heart attack, he was told that he _________ continue the work.A.needn’t

B.may not

C.mustn’t

D.can’t 變式2：---Who is the girl standing over there?

---Well, if you _______ know, her name is Mabel.A.may

B.can

C.must

D.shall 變式3：John, look at the time, ________ you play the piano at such a late hour?

A.must

B.can

C.may

D.need 解析：B 本題考查情態動詞的用法。同時由題干設置的語境可知該句為含有主語的祈使句，全句使用了命令的口吻，故須用mustn’t表示“一定不要”之意。變式1：C

mustn’t表示“禁止”，語氣較重。句意：因為他有心臟病，因此被告知不能再繼續工作了。變式2：C

must表示“一定要”。變式3：A考查情態動詞。只有must一詞符合句意，“在如此晚的時間你還要（必須）彈鋼琴嗎？”表示責問對方。

課后題：

1.We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that _____ for their son’s bad performance at school.A.are to blame

B.is to be blamed

C.are to be blamed

D.is to blame 2.Recently ore and more farmers have ______ government rather than nature for help.A.appealed to

B.centered on

C.attended to

D.lived up to 3.The poem is hard to understand.Can you ________ this poem?

A.make sense for

B.make sense of

C.lose sense for

D.lose sense of 4.It is necessary, therefore to _________ that there does not seem to be any decisive evidence in favour of the theory.A.point to

B.point at

C.point out

D.point up 5.Your speech given at the meeting, ________ everyone is taking into careful consideration, means much to us all.A.where

B.what

C.as

D.which 1.D 句子結構是強調句型，強調賓語從句中的主語，根據主謂一致辭的原則，謂語動詞副縣長單數。be to blame“該怨……”通常用主動形式，含被動意義。2.A 句意是：現在越來越多的農民求助于政府而不是靠自然的恩賜。appeal to sb.求助于某人。attend to專心于……，照顧；live up to做到，實踐。

3.B make sense of sth.“理解或弄懂困難的或無法理解的事物”。4.C point out的意思是“指出”，point to和point at都有“指著”的意思，然而point at多指“指向近的東西”，而point to側重指“指向遠的東西”。

5.D 句中含有非限制性定語從句，先行詞是your speech，在定語多句中充當take的賓語，所以用關系代詞which引導。

⊕課后練習題

A組：

1.I would like a job which pays more, but _________ I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.A.in other words

B.on the other hand

B.for one thing

D.as a matter of fact 2.________ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.A.Blaming

B.Blamed

C.To blame

D.To be blamed 3.She was accused ________ cheating in the exam.A.in

B.of

C.by

D.with 4.You must take everything into_______ when you want to do a difficult task.A.consider

B.considering

C.consideration

D.considered 5.The nurse who was _____________ the patient sent for a doctor.A.in charge of

B.in the charge of

C.free of charge

D.charge 6.I tried hard, but it doesn’t ____________.A.make sense

B.make a sense

C.make senses

D.in a sense 7.Honesty seems never to be rather _________ today.A.of a discount

B.in a discount

C.at a discount

D.with a discount 8.You can profit _________ my mistakes and avoid them yourself.A.by

B.with

C.on

D.in 9.By _________ his better nature, we persuaded him to change his mind.A.appealing for

B.appeal to

C.appealing to

D.appealing 10._________ late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm.A.To sleep

B.Sleeping

C.Sleep

D.Having slept 解析：

1.B 本題意思是“我喜歡酬勞更多的工作，但是從另一方面來說，我很滿意現在正在做的工作”。in other words“換句話說”；on the other hand“另一方面”；for one thing“首先”；as a matter of fact“事實上”。從邏輯上來講，A、C、D都不正確。

2.B be blamed for意為“為（某事）受責備”。動詞+ ed形式做狀語，表示被動，即表示Alice是blame動作的承受者。3.B accuse sb of sth控告某人某事，為固定搭配，本句為它的被動形式。4.C take… into consideration為固定搭配，意為“把……考慮進去”。5.A sb be in charge of sb/ sth意為“某人負責某人/某物”符合本題大意。6.A make sense在本句意為“有意義”是一固定用法。

7.C at a discount意為“打折扣，不受歡迎的，不被重視的”。

8.A profit by或profit from意為“從……中受益”相當于：benefit form/by。9.C appeal to為固定搭配，意為“吸引”相當于attract。10.A 不定式用作目的狀語。

二.單詞拼寫 We should ____(登廣告)for someone to look after our children.2 The news ___(廣播)will be at 7.00.3 Have you got any job for_____(女服務員)? 4 It is ______(違法的)to steal things.5 The____(防守者)centres the ball.They give 10% ____(折扣)for cash payment.7 An illness marked by ______(經常的)coughing.8 What _____(益處)is there in worrying? 答案: 1 advertise broadcast

waitress illegal

defender discount frequent

profit B組：

一、漢譯英

1、我們應該考慮到每個細節。

2、陳老師是個班主任，他負責三班。

3、他不應該因這個事故受到譴責。

4、人們往往把夏季和休假聯想在一塊。

5、很多專家呼吁公眾關注環境污染。答案：

1.We should take everything into consideration.2.Mr Chen is a head teacher, who is in charge of Class Three.3.He is not to blame for the accident.4.People always associate summer with holidays.5.Many experts appeal to the public to pay attention to the environmental pollution.二、單句改錯

1.On the other hand, critics accuse companies by using ads to mislead consumers.2.For that reason, companies large numbers of money employing advertisers.3.It has been proven again and again that frequently advertising increases product sales.4.There are things we need to take them into consideration before we buy a product.5.The most curious fact was that the differences in the size of the beaks.6.Our water supply was so low that we dared nor to share it with the beasts.7.In anxiety of reaching a place of safety, no one stopped to look and help.8.Every minute was counted when so many lives were in great danger.答案：1.by→of

2.numbers→amounts

3.frequently→frequent

4.去掉them

5.去掉that

6.去掉to

7.and→or

8.去掉was

第二篇：高三英語公開課教案

高三英語公開課教案：

Gerund

---------------梁勝利

教學目標：

動名詞可以起名詞的作用，在句子中作主語，賓語，表語和定語。

教學重點：動名詞與不定式作主語，表語的區別

教學難點；現在分詞的形式與動名詞相同，但功能不同.可在句中充當定語，表語，狀語和補語。教學過程：

動名詞的語法作用 1.Playing football is my favourite sport.主語 2.Our work is serving the people.表語

3.I remember being taken to Wuhan when I was a very small child.賓語

4.We have a swimming poor in the back yard.定語

I remember being taken to Wuhan when I was a very small child.（動名詞的一般被動態）

She admitted having opened the box.（動名詞的完成被動態）How about the two of us taking a walk down the garden?(MET93 17)(動名詞的復合結構)動名詞與不定式作主語，表語的區別

v-ing形式作主語時往往表示一般性的、習慣性的動作；而不定式作主語則表示在具體情況下特定的或一次性的動作。但有時可 以通用。

只能用動名詞作賓語的動詞

1.advise, allow, avoid, admit, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, imagine，mind，miss，permit，practise，risk, suggest,dislike,appreciate

2.feel like, give up, put off, keep on, look forward to ,insist on , can’t help ,get used to ,devote …to 3.It’s useless/no use/no good… doing

在begin, start, continue,intend 等動詞后跟v-ing形式和不定式作賓語，句子含義相同

在like, love, hate等動詞后v-ing形式作賓語時往往表示一般性的、習慣性的動作；而不定式作賓語則表示在具體情況下特定的或一次性的動作。

下列動詞后跟動名詞或不定式意思完全不同。v

1.remember,forget, regret + doing 記得/忘記/遺憾曾做過某事 + to do記得/忘記/遺憾要做某事 v

2.want,need,require +doing 需要被做 +to do 需要做

v

3.stop,try, mean,go on go on to do 接著又做另一件事/go on doing 繼續做同一件事 stop to do 停下來去做某事/stop doing 停止做某事 try to do 努力做某事/try doing 試一試做某事

mean to do 打算／想做某事/mean doing 意味著／意思是做某事 作定語時，與現在分詞的區別

動名詞作定語表名詞的作用或功能，現在分詞作定語表名詞正在進行的動作。現在分詞 動名詞

a sleeping child一個正在睡覺的孩子 a sleeping car一輛臥車 a flying bird一只正在飛翔的鳥

a flying course飛行課程 a swimming girl一個正在游泳的女孩

a swimming pool一個游泳池

the running water自來水

the running track跑道 現在分詞(present participle)現在分詞的形式與動名詞相同，但功能不同.可在句中充當定語，表語，狀語和補語 1.作定語

an interesting book

the man sitting by the window boiling water

falling snow

the bridge being built A.與動名詞作定語的區別

B.與過去分詞,不定式 作定語的區別 ①過去分詞做定語與其修飾詞之間是動賓關系或過去分詞表示的動作以完成。

②現在分詞作定語表示動作正在發生，與修飾詞是主謂關系。③不定式作定語表示將要發生的動作。

the house being built/to be built/built正在被建/將要被建/建好了的房子

boiling water

正在沸騰的水

boiled water

開水 the changing world

變化中的世界 the changed world 變化了的世界 the developing countries

發展中國家 the developed countries

發達國家

falling leaves 正在落下的葉子

fallen leaves 落葉 rising sun

正在升起的太陽

risen sun 已經升起的太陽 2 作表語

與過去分詞作表語的區別

凡表示“令人??的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到??”都用-ed形式。

interesting使人感興趣的interested感興趣的 exciting令人激動的 excited感到激動的 delighting令人高興的 delighted感到高興的 disappointing令人失望的 disappointed感到失望的 encouraging令人鼓舞的 encouraged感到鼓舞的 pleasing令人愉快的pleased感到愉快的 puzzling令人費解的 puzzled感到費解的 satisfying令人滿意的 satisfied感到滿意的 urprising令人驚異的 surprised感到驚異的 worrying令人擔心的worried感到擔心的3.作狀語.Seeing the teacher entering the room, the students stood up.2.Being a student, he was interested in sports.3.Having written the letter, John went to the post office.現在分詞作狀語時，注意如下三點： v

相當于相應的從句

v

分詞的邏輯主語就是全句的主語 v

現在分詞作狀語時有不同的時態與語態 4.作補語

Can you get the machine going again? The boys were seen walking on the grass 一些獨立結構：

1.Generally _____(speak), we have learnt a lot in this school.2._____(judge)from his appearance, he is somebody.3._____(tell)you the truth, your work is terrible.Last Step:

Summary 1.動名詞可以起名詞的作用，在句子中作主語，賓語，表語和定語。注意要與過去分詞和動詞不定時的區別。牢記的句型。Home work：

綠色通道；page.125, exercises and 9

第三篇：高三英語復習教案

SB3-units1-2）

一、單元考點提示

1.單詞

willing ,devote,cure,disadvantage,shock,institute,admire,debt,expedition，merchant, exist,chart,botany,disaster,crew.2.短語

devote…to 把……用在；把……獻給

succeed in(干)……成功

give off 發出（光、熱等）

in honour of 為了紀念……；為向……表示敬意

above all 首先；首要

set off 使爆炸；引起；出發

pay off 償清（欠款等）

at sea 在大海上；在航海

take…by surprise 使……吃驚；出奇兵攻占

in charge of 主管；負責

set out 出發；開始

in search of 尋找

3.句型

(1)I‘m(not)sure… I‘m not sure whether/if…

(2)I doubt if/whether…

(3)Making a map of the east coast was an important job.(4)The men often fall ill and suffer fever.(5)They will provide us with eggs and meat.4.交際英語

(1)I doubt if he‘ll be asked to speak again next year.(2)Perhaps I‘ll go to that one.(3)Maybe it was useful for some people.(4)How did you find the talk this morning?

(5)I shall insist on leaving at 7 a.m.sharp.(6)We‘ve decided to do sth./that…(7)Have you decided which boat to take?

(8)I suggest doing sth.二、考點精析與拓展?

1.have something(nothing,much,little)to do with與……有（沒有，有很大，有一點）關系。

①I have nothing to do with that young man.②His job has something to do with telephones.③This has little to do with what we are talking about.④Do you have anything to do with that club?

2.doubt v.& n.懷疑，不相信

n.of…對……（抱）懷疑或悲觀（態度）

doubt 從句在否定句及疑問句中多跟that

引起的從句，在肯定句中多跟

whether(if)引起的從句。

①I doubt the truth of this report.②They have never doubted of success.③I don‘t doubt that you are honest.④Can you doubt that he will win? ⑤I doubt if that was what he wanted.該詞作名詞時有以下短語

beyond(all)doubt毫無疑問；in doubt懷疑，猶豫，不肯定；no doubt肯定地，想必；without doubt毫無疑問，一定地

①The truth of the story is beyond doubt.②I was in doubt about what to do.③No doubt I learned a lot from that lecture.④Without doubt these theories were all wrong.3.How do(did)you find…?(你覺得/認為……怎么樣？)是征求對方對某人、某事的看法或意見的用語。回答時在find

后要跟復合賓語。

How did you find the dishes?(I found them)Tasteless.How do you find Peter Gray? I found him dishonest.4.admit vt.①接納，許可……進入（allow sb./sth.to enter）

He was admitted to the school this year.Only two hundred boys and girls are admitted to our school every year.②承認，后可接名詞，doing、從句或復合結構。

I admit my fault.She admitted having read the letter.He admitted that his comprehension was weak.You must admit the task

to be difficult.5.be remembered as…作為……而被人們懷念

He will always be remembered as a national hero.6.(be)determined to do sth.下定決心做…… determine to do sth.決定（心）做…… ①I was determined not to follow their advice.②I left him,determined never to set foot in that house again.③She determined to go that very afternoon.7.certain某（些），僅作形容詞用法。

①He didn‘t come for a certain reason.②A certain person called on me yesterday.③She will do it on certain conditions.some 也可以作此意講，但前面無冠詞

①He is living at some place in East Africa.②I‘ve read that story before in some book of other.8.succeed in sth.(doing sth.)(干……)成功，其反義詞組；fail in sth.(doing sth.)或fail to do sth.;名詞success;形容詞

successful

9.give off,放出（光、煙、氣味等）、散發，give out,放出，發出（聲音，光線，氣味等），（食物、燃料、力量等）用盡、筋疲力盡。

①These red roses give off a sweet smell.②This device gives out flashes of light in the fog.③Both my strength and money gave out.10.in honour of sb.(sth.)為了紀念或表示敬意而舉行某活動。

①A memorial meeting was held in his honour.②It is only a dance in honour of my birthday.11.devote…to…把……獻給，把……用在

devote oneself to…致力于，獻身于

be devoted to…專心致志于，獻身于，忠于

①Mary devotes too much time to eating.②He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.③He devoted himself entirely to music.④He was still devoted to the study of chemistry.⑤He is very devoted to his wife.12.believe in 信任

①We believe in Marxism.②You can believe in him.③We believe in our government.set off(for)出發，動身（去某地）

set off 引爆

13.set out to do sth.著手……

n.set about

doing開始（著手）做…… ①We‘ll set off fox Xi‘an at six tomorrow.②Polonium is used to set off a nuclear bomb.③He set out to break the record for the crosschannel swim.④I don‘t know how to set about this job.14.have effect on 對……有影響，相當于affect：

It has had such a bad effect on him.15.above all 首先，特別是，最重要的是

after all 到底，畢竟 at all(用來加強語氣)與not連用，表示―一點也不，完全不‖。

in all 總共

all but 幾乎，差點沒（=almost,nearly）

①We have all but finished the work.②The day turned out fine after all.③Children need many things ,but above all they need love.④He wasn‘t at all tired.⑤Do you feel ill at all(真的，確實)？

⑥There were twenty in all at the party.16.order food 叫食物

order n.&vt./vi.訂購…… place an order for sth.訂購…… order sth.from…向……訂購…… order sth.for?order sb.sth.sb.為某人訂購……

I have ordered you some new clothes.17.insist on doing sth.堅持做…… suggest doing sth.建議做…… enjoy doing sth.喜歡做……

類似的admit,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,deny,detest.dis-like,endure,escape,excuse,face,feellike,finish,forgive,give up,can‘t help,imagine, leave off,mention,mind,miss,postp-hone,practise,put off, resist,risk,can‘t understand,und

-erstand,mean(意味著)

以上這些動詞只能接動名詞作賓語，不能接動詞不定式作賓語。在介詞之間，也只能用動名詞作賓語。

Look forward to,object to ,be used to,in addition to,prefer…to,according to,stick to,etc.18.live animals活著的動物

(動、植物等)活著的live adj.（置于名詞之前）

（廣播、電視等的）實況的

作為敘述形容詞則用alive,living

alive,(more alive,most alive)活著的；有活力的，活潑的；（不置于名詞之前）常作表語。

a live(living)fish 一條活魚

不能用an alive fish

a live TV broadcast實況轉播的電視節目

catch a lion alive活捉獅子

①Although old,he is very much alive.②My grandmother is more alive than a lot of young people.③The wounded soldier is still living.lively adj.精神的，有生氣的，活潑的，生動的

a lively boy, a lively discussion.Her talk was lively and interesting.19.throw away拋棄

throw in插進（話語）

throw off脫

throw out 拋出，丟棄

throw over把……拋過去（拋回），拋棄（朋友）

20．Provide sb.with sth.供給某人…… provide it 供給……，提供……

provide:

n.eg.The hotel will provie tents.sb.+with sth.?n.+for sb.eg.They provide food and books for the children.They provide the children with food and books.?

provide for贍養，撫養

He had to provide for a big family supply vt.提供……供給……

n.supply

sb.with sth.?sth.to sb.They didn‘t supply those children ?with books for studying.They didn‘t supply books to those children for studying.21.go bad 變壞

類似的：go wrong,go mad,etc.go 通常表示不好的變化。

Alice‘s face went red with anger.My husband‘s hair is going gray.22.at sea 在航海中，在海上

at the sea 在海邊

在英語中，有許多結構用與不用定冠詞在意思方面有著很大的區別。

go to sea 當水手，當海員

go to the sea 到海邊去

keep house 料理家務

keep the house呆在家中不出門

in bed 睡著，躺在床上

in the bed在床上

at play在玩，正在游戲

at the play 在看戲

23.fall ill 生病，得病

①Tom is absent,for he has fallen ill.②John was caught in the storm and he fell ill.24.keep sb.healthy使……保持健康

keep,n.―使維持（某種狀態）‖后可接adj.(ving,p.p,adv.)等作賓補。

①I was so tired that I could hardly keep myself awake.②I‘m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.③Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.④They kept us out.⑤Once a cold kept him in bed for three days.25.take an interest in 對……感興趣

have an interest in 對……感興趣

lose interest in 對……失去興趣

①He has a great interest in stamp-collecting.②I lost my interest in history.③His father took no interest in him.26.pay for 付……的貨款，為……付代價

pay off 全部還清，償請（借款）

①Did you pay 300 yuan to him for that bicycle? ②I have just paid off my loan from the bank.③You‘ll have to pay for your mistakes.27.suffer v.受苦,遭受。

①She suffered greatly as a child.②He suffered the loss of a leg during the war.③She suffers from stomach-aches.28.break out(戰爭、火災、疾病、瘟疫等的)爆發

①The American Civil War broke out in 1861.②Fire broke out in the neighbour last night.break out in(into)…忽然（做出）…… break out in laughter突然放聲大笑

break in(強盜等)強行闖入

break into闖入；打碎（打破）成……

break up 分開，分割

29.take…by surprise對……突然襲擊，出乎……意料。

His parents took him quite by surprise when they suddenly appeared at the door.30.in charge of prep.擔任……，管理……，負責

in a person‘s charge由（某人）照料（管理）?in the charge of a person

take charge of 擔任……，接管。

My father is in charge of this company.31.set sail 揚帆啟航

The ship set sail for Europe.32.head south向南行

head vi.向……前進，朝某方面行進。后面接for,forward的介詞短語，或表示方向的副詞east,eastward等。

①Where are we heading?

②Those ships are heading for HongKong.三、精典名題導解?

題1（上海 2000）

Although the working mother is very busy,she still______a lot of time to children.A.devotes B.spends C.offers D.provides

分析：A。offer sb.sth.(offer sth.to sb.)提供某人某物；provide sth.for sb,提供某物給某人；spend time doing sth.花費時

間做某事。

題2（上海 1999）

Washington,a state in the United States,was named______ one of the greatest American presidents.A.in honour of B.instead of C.in favour of D.by means of

分析:A。題意為―為紀念美國最偉大的總統之一的華盛頓，美國的一個州以華盛頓命名‖。

題3（上海 2001）

I______ping-pong quite well,but I haven‘t had time to play since the new year.A.will play B.have played C.played D.play

分析：D。該題考查動詞時態。but后的并列分句用現在完成時的否定式，表示到現在為止未完成的動作，由此可推斷出前一個并列分句表示的是經常性或習慣性的動作，需用一般現在時。

題4（上海 1992）

He has always insisted on his______Dr Turner instead of Mr Turner.A.been called B.called C.being called D.having called 分析：C。call sb.sth.為固定短語，這里用被動形式。

題5

I insist that a doctor______ immediately.A.has been sent for B.send for C.will be sent for D.be sent for

分析：D。insist意為―堅決主張‖，所引導的從句中應用（should）do…。

題6（北京 2002）

—Excuse me ,sir.Would you do me a favor?

—Of course.What is it?

—I____if you could tell me how to fill out the form.A.had wondered B.was wondering C.would wonder D.did wonder

分析：B。此題主要考查過去進行時在實際交際中的用法。I was wondering…表示我剛剛正在想……（對現在有一定影響），此外在此題中它也是委婉尋求別人幫助的好方式。

題7（NMET 1995）

—You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.—Well,now I regret______that.A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D.having done

分析：D。從題干的第一句和答句的now可知，動作已發生了，是―后悔干了那件事‖，為此后面應用v.+ing結構。

題8（NMET 1994）

—I must apologize for______ahead of time.—That‘s all right.A.letting you not know B.not letting you know C.letting you know not D.letting not you know

分析：B。此題主要考查動名詞的否定式。注意：動名詞、不定式、分詞的否定式一定要放在這些詞的前面。

高三英語復習教案（2）

（SB3-units3-4）

一、單元考點提示

1.單詞

camp,beyond,spiritual,faith,starve,birth,precious,shave,argue,ruin,loss,whi-chever,repay.2.短語

fix up 安頓；修理好 hand down 把……傳下來

give birth to 生，產生 round up 趕攏；使聚攏

work out 算出；估算；制訂出 leave…free 讓……空著；閑置起來

result in 導致……；結果導致 make sense 講得通；有意義

in debt 負債；欠賬

3.句型

(1)Until very recently no school lessons were held in languages rather than English.(2)Today they were more usually known as Kooris.(3)Kooris do not believe in owning possessions of lands.(4)Whenever the Kooris defended their rights,they were killed.(5)Australia is as old as time.(6)There is no sense in quarreling.(7)It‘s well known that pests continue to eat crops,causing damage.(8)It has been suggested that…

4.交際英語

(1)Sorry.I wasn‘t thinking.(2)That‘s OK.But you mustn‘t smoke here.(3)Look out!There‘s a kangaroo!(4)Missed it!That was lucky.(5)I‘d like to invite you to dinner at my flat.(6)Have you ordered yet?(7)Then I‘ll take your order,OK?

(8)Anything to follow?

5.語法

（1）復習動詞-ing形式。

①作賓補 ②作狀語

2.復習名詞性從句。

二、考點精析與拓展?

1.go camping 去露營

―go+doing‖表示―去干某事‖，多指從事與體育、娛樂有關的活動。

go fishing 去釣魚 go riding去騎馬

go boating 去劃船 go climbing去登山

go swimming去游泳 go shooting去射擊

go walking 去散步 go hunting去打獵

go shopping去買東西 go cycling去騎車

go dancing去跳舞

―go+doing‖還可以表示從事某種職業。

go farming務農 go nursing當護士

2.beyond,prep.（場所）在（向）……的一邊，越過……，（程度）超出；（時間），超過（Δ常用于否定句）；除……之外，……

以外。

①Go about 200 metres beyond the house and you will find the hotel on the left.②I want to buy a bag beyond these clothes.3.fix up vt.搭起、安裝，修理，安排（住宿等），提供，本課中fix up=put up(搭起)。

We must fix the house up before we move into it.4.tie…to把……綁（系）在…… We got there,we tied our boat to a big rock.tie tied tied tying系，綁

lie lied lied lying說謊

lie lay lain lying躺

lay laid laid laying放，產卵

of

5.make sure 確保，安排妥，務必

(that)

①We‘ve made sure of our seats for the movie.②Make sure(that)you pick the child up at five.6.hand down(=pass down)相傳、傳給

意思是―（從上代）傳下來（給后代）‖。

In poor families,clothes may be handed down from one child to the next.hand back 把……歸還……；hand in 面交，提出；hand on 傳閱，依次傳遞；hand out 分發；hand over 移交。

7.live by it賴……為生；以……為生（Δ不可用于被動語態）

Live by(one‘s)pen 以筆耕為生

live out 活著，熬過

live through(it)活過，度過……而不死（Δ不可用于被動語態）

The patient will not live through the night.8.become experienced at對……有經驗

experienced adj.有經驗的，老練的

be experienced in

He‘s very experienced in money matters.experience n.經驗，體驗（in(of)/doing）

My father has ten year‘s experience in teaching.9.make up 組成，構成。

The government is made up of ten members.make up還有―化妝、打扮；編造（故事等），彌補‖之意

She made up a story to avoid being examined.10.whenever,―無論什么時候‖，既可引導讓步狀語從句，也可引導名詞性從句，whoever,whichever,whatever,wherever,however等也同樣。

―no matter when‖ 只能引導讓步狀語從句，no matter what(who,where,which,when,how)也同樣。

①Whoever leaves the room last must close the door.②Whoever came here,he will be welcomed.11.be separated from被分割

separate…from把……和……分開。

His mother separated the big eggs from the small ones.12.feed…on…以……飼養（動物）

feed on(動物)以……為食

feed…to…喂（動物）……當飼料。

feed a dog on meat 以肉飼養狗

feed meet to a dog Cows feed on hay during winter.13.give birth to 生……；造成……的原因。

①She gave birth to a baby last week.②His illness gave birth to his absence.14.cover an area of..,占地……

cover蓋上；掩蓋；占據（時間）（空間），走過（路程）；采訪。

①My mother covered the baby with a blanket.②She tried to cover the fact that she had been to the place.③I‘m covering the accident.15.depend on 依靠；指望

depend on sb.to do sth.指望（某人）做……

+n

depend on 取決于，視……而定

wh-clause

①His parents depend on him to make progress.②Our success depends on whether everyone works hard or not.16.all the year round 全年，一年到頭

In the west coast of Canada,it rains all the year round.17.look forward to vt.期待……，盼望

I‘m looking forward to seeing you again.18.all the same adj.都一樣；無所謂（to+n.）

①You can stay or leave now;It‘s all the same to me.②It‘s all the same to me whether we‘ll go there today or tomorrow.adv.仍然，還是

Thank you all the same.19.help oneself to―自行取用（食物等），隨意使用‖

Help yourself to more cakes.20.now and again 時而

from time to time means now and then

sometimes 21.fix a date 確定日期

fix a time確定時間

fix a place確定場所

fix vt.決定，確定

fix+n./wh-/to do sth.My uncle is fixing to set up a company.22.earn one‘s living,make one‘s living 謀生，掙錢過活。

The professor earns his living by teaching at a language school.23.The problem is how to feed…

how to do sth.是由―疑問副詞+動詞不定式‖構成的復合結構，在此句中作表語。

How to deal with it hasn‘t been decided.My question is how to feed so many people.24.in the form of 以……的形式呈現，prep.take the form of 以……形式呈現，vt.The cookies are all in the form of stars.The cookies all take the form of stars.?

25.make efforts to do sth.努力（盡力）干……

make an effort(at)盡力，努力……

spare no effort不遺余力

I made every effort to get it(at getting it)26.remove sth.to…把……移向……

remove it去除；脫掉?

remove sb.(sth.)from+n.remove+n.+(from+n+to+n.)

You should remove your coat in the warm room.27.too…to…太……而不能

enough…to do sth.足夠……，可以……

so…that…如此……以致…… He is too old to walk himself.28.work out解決（問題；）計算出（總計等）；周密地想出

They worked out all the details of the project.work at 從事…… work on 從事……，繼續工作

29.be lost損失，失去

lost adj.逝去的，弄丟的；遺失的，迷路的，輸掉的，沉迷于……的（in+n.）(Δ不置于名詞前)

It is useless talking about our lost youth.30.take…for… ①把……當作……。

②誤認……為

regard…as take…for= consider…as

She pat the boy on the head,for she took him for John.31.in debt(to)欠債，欠人情

out of debt還清負債，沒欠債

get(run,fall)into debt,vi.借債，負債

pay off the debt還清債務

She was always in debt when she was out of work.32.day by day一天天地

day after day日復一日，一天又一天

①Day by day he seems to grow a little stronger.②I have to do this work day after day.33.make sense講得通；很有意義

This sentence doesn‘t make any sense.三、精典名題導解?

題1（上海 1996）

If you are ________about Australian cities,just read the book written by Dr Johnson.A.interested B.anxious C.upset D.curious

分析：D。be interested in 對……感興趣； be anxious about為……著急；be upset at對……苦惱（不安）。

題2（北京 2002）

It is so nice to hear from her.______, we last met more than thirty years ago.A.What‘s more B.That is to say C.In other words D.Believe it or not 分析：D。believe it or not信不信由你。

題3 The world is _________seven continents and four oceans.A.made up of B.made out of C.made from D.made in

分析：A。句意為―世界由七大洲和四大洋組成‖。

題4（上海 2000春）

While building a tunnel through the mountain,______.A.an underground lake was discovered B.there was on underground lake discovered C.a lake was discovered underground D.the workers discovered an underground lake

分析：D。從句中的building表示主動，其前省去了主語，且與主句的主語一致，A、B、C三個選項中的主語不能

發出動作build。

題5（上海 2001春）

______from heart trouble for years,Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.A.Suffered B.Suffering C.Having suffered D.Being suffered 分析：C。suffer與邏輯主語之間表主動，且動作先于has to take…。

題6（NMET 1992）

The salesman scolded the girl caught_______and let her off.A.to have stolen B.to be stealing C.to steal D.stealing

分析：D。該題考查分詞作賓補的用法，但題干中的caught使句子結構復雜化了。實際上只要掌握scold sb.doing sth.這一表達法，便可知caught一詞是過去分詞在句中作the girl的定語，其作用相當于the girl who was caught。句子的意思是―售貨員斥責這位被抓住的女孩的偷竊行為并將她趕了出去。‖

題7（上海 1999）

______your composition carefully,some spelling mistakes can be avoided.A.Having checked B.Check C.If you check D.To check

分析：C。如果選A、D項主語應該是人，而不是mistakes。如選B項，就構成祈使句，逗號后面就應加and。

題8（上海 2001春）

______blood if you can and many lives will be saved.A.Giving B.Give C.Given D.To give

分析：B。該題極易選A。實際上―_______blood if you can‖這一部分表示祈使意義，即―祈使句+and…‖。

題9（北京 2002）

We will be shown around the city:schools,museums,and some other places,______other visitors seldom go.A.what B.which C.where D.when

分析：C。本題涉及schools,museums等多個地點名詞，所以須用where。

題10（上海 2001）

Little Tom was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster______he had done the day before.A.that B.how C.where D.what 分析：D。don為極物動詞、后無賓語。

題11（上海 2001）

________is no possibility_______Bob can win the first prize in the match.A.There;that B.It;that C.There;whether D.It;whether

分析：A。possibity后應引導一個同位語從句，因其前有no修飾，所以其后不用whether。―存在有……‖應該用―There

is…‖。

題12（上海 2001）

What the doctor really doubt is________my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.A.when B.how C.whether D.why 分析：C。―醫生懷疑的是是否康復‖。

高三英語復習教案（3）

（SB3-units5-6）

一、單元考點提示

1.單詞

advertise,comment,satisfaction,blame,tense,fragile,split,sincerely,product，seek,sort,technigque,environment,recycle.2.短語

bring in 引入；增加 hand in hand 并進；聯合

try out 試驗 think up 想出

at the last moment 在最后一刻 get rid of 處理；去掉

break up分解；腐蝕 break down出毛病；不運轉；分解

at one time(以前)有過一段時期

a mountain of/mountains of(一)大堆；大量的shut down(放下)關上；關閉（企業等）

3.句型

(1)Since production in creases,the price can be reduced.(2)Also present will be a person who thinks up an idea for an advertise

-ment.(3)There have been major changes in advertising in the past sixty years.(4)No matter how much you want to bathe(in the sea),it just isn‘t safe.(5)I suppose it is better to be safe than sick.(6)It will be many years before the chemicals start to escape from the containers.4.語法

（1）復習過去分詞。

（2）復習第一至第五單元出現過的重點語法項目。

二、考點精析與拓展?

1.I think it would be a good idea to(do sth.)

―我想，干某事是個好主意‖（是委婉地提出建議的交際英語）。

A：I‘m afraid I‘m putting on weight.B:I think it would be a good idea to keep on doing moning exercises.2.Do you think so?

①―so‖用于避免重復前面所說過的內容，等于代替肯定的名詞性從句，可與

believe,do,expect,fear,guess,hope,say,speak,suppose, think等及It appear…,It seems和I‘m afraid連用。

―Will they go to see him?‖

I believe[that]they will go to see him.)‖?―I believe so.（②表示否定時，用not代替so,但在believe,suppose,think等動詞之后，如I don‘t think(believe,suppose)so等，通常仍

可與so連用。

③不能和表示確信、疑問的詞語連用。

I doubt about it.(√)I doubt so.(×)

3.agree with同意……，（氣候，食物等）適合于某人；和……相一致（常用于否定句）。

The climate here doesn‘t agree with me.agree to …贊成……

agree on 就……取得一致意見或看法

4.persuade sb.to do sth.說明某人做…… persuade sb.into doing sth.―persuade‖只有勸服了的情況下才可以直接使用，沒有勸服，則用：

try to persuade sb.to do sth.advise sb.to do sth

①We try to persuade him to stop smoking,but he still smokes now.②He persuaded me into lending him all my savings.n.Persuade sb.out of 說明（人）停止，勸阻

doing

His parents persuaded him out of his foolish action.5.express one‘s satisfaction with對……表示滿意

be satisfied with對……感到滿意

The officials expressed their satisfaction with the preparation for the exhibition.6.at the top of在……的頂部，上方

at the top of a mountain在山頂

She is(at)the top of her class in French.at the top of one‘s voice高聲地，尖聲地

7.bring in 把……拿進來；收獲；賺入……；獲利

They bring in one million dollars a year from their new company.8.carry out 搬出；進行

①Would you please carry the chairs out? ②The plan should be carried out at once.9.ask for 要求，請求

ask sb.for sth.向（某人）請求（要求）…… She asked for some advice on how to learn English well.10.It is a waste of time/money to do sth.干……浪費時間（錢）

It‘s a waste of time to fix this watch.11.instead of,prep.代替……，而不是

I don‘t like beer;Please give me cola instead.12.would say總是會說……

would有過去、常常……之意，但它與used to 的用法不相同的。

①表示過去持續的狀態或感情總是used to 而不是would。因此,would不與表示狀態的動詞連用。

There used to be a hospital/here.(√)

這里過去有一所醫院。

There would be…(×)②used to 和would都可以表示過去規則的行為，但通常would是在過去不大規則的行為時，或主語的關心、感慨等主觀因素較強時使用，而used to 則在客觀地陳述相當期間的規則行為時使用。

―I‘ll leave this job for a better one‖,he would say when he was scolded by his boss.③―would‖常與―often,sometimes,for hours‖等表示時間的副詞（短語）連用。

④與現在或將來比較而表示―以前經常……‖的意思時，用used to。

He will not have the money to spend on books as he used to.13.think up 想出，想起（辦法等）

The students try to think up an idea to play football without being seen.think over熟慮；think out 想出，想透（問題等）

think of考慮，認為，想起think about 考慮，想出

think aloud自言自語

14.in the past sixty years在過去的60年里（常與現在完成時連用）

Great changes have taken place in the past few years.15.start with 以……開始

Today‘s class starts with a question.16.at the last moment在最后關頭

at the moment 此刻；正在那時 for a moment片刻；一會兒for the moment 目前，暫時in a moment立刻，馬上

17.point out 指出（to+n.）

The teacher pointed out my mistakes to me.point+(n.)+at/to/toward+n.指向，對著……；顯示

He quietly pointed his gun at the deer.18.be crowded with 擠滿……

crowded 還可作adj.The bus was crowded with people.a crowded train(street)

(交通擁擠是heavy[busy]traffic,不能說crowded traffic)

19.admire sb.for…佩服某人的…… We admire him for the boy‘s courage.be shocked

20.be astonished at sth.(to do,從句)

be surprised

這三個詞用法基本相同，只是―驚訝‖的程度不同，shock>astonish>surprised。

21.search+n.搜查，搜身，意思是經過搜查之后想找到自己要的東西。

search for:look for尋找

The police searched the room for the thief.22.remind sb.+than-clause.使人想起（某事），提醒

remind sb.to do sth.使（某人）想起做（某事）；提醒某人做（某事）

I reminded him to work hard.23.It looks as if…看起來好象……

It seems as if…似乎……It seems that…It appears as if/that…

It looks as if it‘s going to snow.24.no matter how 無論怎樣……引導讓步狀語從句。

類似的no matter who,no matter what,no matter when,no matter where…ect.No matter what he says,I won‘t believe him.25.suppose+that-clause 以為，假如

suppose vt.以為，猜想，假定

suppose sb.+(to be)+adj./n

以為（某人）是……，假定……為…… ①I supposed that she was an English teacher.②All the students supposed him to be the headmaster.26.not+adj./adv.+enough+不定式 不夠……，（以致）不能……

大體相當于 too…to … He is not old enough to go to school.(=He is too young to go to school.)

27.deal with 對付，處理（常與疑問代詞how連用）

do with處理（常與疑問副詞what）

She knows well how to deal with her parents.28.get rid of 除去，除掉，擺脫（疾病等麻煩事物）

How can I get rid of the pain in the chest? 29.break up驅散；分散，破壞（關系）

break down毀壞；分體；故障

The police used teargas to break up the demonstration.30.against the law違反法律

be against反對，違反

be for贊成，支持

Abraham Lincoln was strongly against slavery.31.at the bottom of 在……底部，下端

at the bottom of a hill在山腳下

She is always at the bottom of the class.32.at one time 往昔；曾有一時

At one time there wer not so many cars on the streets.33.set up建立，設立，創設

A new government was set up after the civilwar.34.fight against(with)與……戰斗

fight for 為……戰

fight against與……搏斗

35.seek to 嘗試，試圖

seek(sought,sought,seeking),vt./vi.尋求，探求

seek for(after)+n.找尋

seek+n./going尋找，征求，設法得到

We must seek(for)a solution to the problem.36.be active in在……方面很積極

take an active part in積極參加

①He was active in helping others.②He takes an active part in all kinds of sports.37.multiply A by B A乘以4。

Mulitiply 3 by 4.3乘以4。multiplied by 2 is 8.38.take out去除（污點等）（本課的用法）

還有―把（人）帶去，把（物）拿去，獲得（權利許可等）‖。

My parents are taking me out to a show tonight.You will have to have the tooth taken out.39.shut down關閉……；停止營業

①This factory has shut down.②Shut down the window.Shut off 關掉

40.be disappointed with(at,about)對……失望

I was disappinted at(in,with)the result.be disappointed to do做……而感到失望

His uncle was disappointed to hear the news.三、精典名題導解?

題 1（上海 2000）

What he has done is far from________.A.satisfactory B.satisfied C.satisfaction D.satisfy 分析：A。far from(遠非)+sth./doing sth..題2（上海 2001）

I was really anxious about you.You_______home without a word.A.mutsn‘t leave B.shouldn‘t have left C.couldn‘t have left D.needn‘t leave

分析：B。該項考查具有特殊意義的謂語形式。―情態動詞+完成式‖表示對過去所發生事情的推測。―shouldn‘t+完成式‖表示過去不該做而實際上已做的事。說話人常為之表示一種責怪或遺憾的情感。―couldn‘t+完成式‖有時表示無論如何也不可能做到。根據前句I was really anxious about you 的語境可以確定，最佳答案為B。

題3（NMET 1995）

It was not until 1929_______regular radio broadcasts began.A.while B.which C.that D.since 分析：C。這是一個強調句型。強調句的結構是It is(was)+that(who)…。that既可指代也可指代物；who只能指代人。

題4（上海 2001）

_______ is known to everybody,the moon travels round the earth once every month.A.It B.As C.That D.What

分析：B。該題考查引導定語從句的關系代詞的用法。根據句意和結構可以確定，空白處應填關系代詞as，引導非限制性定語從句。在這種用法中，as的先行詞不是主句中的某個名詞而是整個主句所表達的內容。as的意思是―正如‖―正像‖―像……那樣‖，定語從句則表達了說話人對某事的態度或看法。關系代詞as可在從句中作主語或賓語，此空填as在從句中作主語。as從句的位置比較靈活，可以置于句首，句中或句末，從句通常與主句由逗號隔開。

高三英語復習教案（4）

（SB3-units7-8）

一、單元考點提示?

1.單詞

smooth, opposite, state, replace, ashamed, remark, delight, burst, envy, crazy, steadily

2.短語

keep off 讓開；不接近fall to pieces 崩潰；倒塌

take on 呈現 once in a while 偶爾

watch over 查看；監視 in a poor state 境況很差

masses of 大多數；大部分 at war 作戰；打仗

to make things worse 更糟糕的是 change one‘s mind 改變主意

burst into tears 突然哭起來 on board 在船上

on the point of 正要……的時候 but for 要不是；若不

make it 約定；趕得上 upon one‘s word 保證

3.句型

What can we do to make it look less ugly?

I think we should paint it white.It looks a bit ugly as it is.—I‘m sorry to have done that.I don‘t mean to be so rude.—It doesn‘t matter.You just don‘t consider anyone but yourself.I was so disappinted not to be going out.What good fortune that I travelled with you as my captain!

And in the end he did land us safe.4.語法

重點復習時態和語態。

復習動詞時態

（二）。

過去進行時；過去完成時；過去將來時；一般將來時

二、考點精析與拓展?

1.watch over

該短語動詞意為―照看‖，―保護‖，―監視‖。如：

Will you watch over my clothes while I go shopping.Watch out(for sth.)意為―注意‖，―監視‖，―當心‖。如：

The doctor told her to watch out for anything unusual.2.besides

作為副詞，意思是―還有，而且‖（moreover），常放在句首。如：

I don ?t want to go out for a walk.Besides, I‘m feeling tired.3.take on;take sth.on意為―從事‖，―擔任‖，―承擔‖。如：

①He is taking on a new job.②You‘ve taken on too much.你承擔的工作太多了。

take sb.on接受挑戰

如：He took Jack on at golf.take on a new look呈現新面貌

如：Our country has taken on a new look every where.4.there is no need…

need 在此為不可數名詞，意為―需要‖、―必須‖，使用時應該注意它使用的句式結構，即我們只能說―There is no need

for +n./(for sb.)to do...‖

不能說―It is no need(for sb.)to do sth.‖

5.unless與if … not

unless 經常用來代替if…not.如：

He will accept the job if the salary‘s not too low/unless the salary is too low.6.be ahead of

該詞組有兩層意思，一是―優于‖，―超過‖；二是―比……早‖，―在……的前面‖。如：

He is well ahead of all the other students in English.7.as good as

as good as 作為固定詞組意為―幾乎一樣‖，―實際上等于‖，作為同級比較結構，意為―和……一樣好‖。如：

①He is as good at English as me.②My bike is as good as yours.8.to one‘s delight

該詞組意為―使某人高興‖，還可以表達為―to the delight of sb.‖。

能這樣表達的還有to one‘s joy,to one‘s surprise,to one‘s sorrow等。如：

To my shame, I completely forgot our date.9.nowhere can there be…

否定副詞nowhere放在句首，該句應使用倒裝結構。

Nowhere is there a place for him to settle down.類似的副詞還有hardly scarcely, no sooner,seldom, never, little等。

10.up until…

該結構意為―一直到……為止‖，謂動常用完成時態。如：

Up until yesterday two sides had agreed on all the items of this contract.11.where necessary

這是一省略結構，它的完整表達為：where it was necessary to do so, where,when,if等連詞引起的從句，特別當主謂語是it is/was時，主謂語常可省略，只保留從句中的必要成分。如：

We can discuss it again if necessary.12.keep one‘s word

該動賓詞組意為―守信‖，―遵守諾言‖。詞組里word不能用復數形式words.同義詞組為―keep a promise‖,反義詞組為

―break one‘s word‖。如： Once you promise someone to do something,you should keep your word.13.change one‘s mind

該動賓詞組意為―改變主意‖，其中mind常用單數形式。如：

If one always change one‘s mind, he succeeds in nothing.14.apologize for doing sth.apologize是不及物動詞，意為―道歉‖，其表達式為―apologize to sb.for sth.‖。如：

You must apologize to your sister for being so rude.它的名詞形式是apology, 復數形式是apologizes.make one‘s apologies to sb.for sth.= make an apology to sb.for sth.如：

He make his apologies to me for coming late.15.mean to do sth.該結構意為―有意要干某事‖。如：

I‘m very sorry if I hurt your feelings in fact.I didn‘t mean to.16.keep off

短語動詞。意為―遠離‖、―制止‖、―使避開‖、―不讓接近‖。如：

A board stands by the house on which were written ―keep off‖.At night they made a fire to keep wild animals off.17.masses of…

該詞組意為―大量的‖，與lots of 相同，后接可數名詞或不可數名詞。如：They saved masses of money by improving

technology.a mass of…意為―一大堆……‖，―一大片……‖。

18.…as it is

該固定詞組表達意思是―就以（現在）這個樣子，‖―根據現在的情況‖。如：He decided to buy the house as it is.19.at war

該介賓詞組意思是―處于戰爭或交戰狀態‖。在句中常作表語。如：

The U.S.A.and Iraq are at war again.20.fall to pieces

該短語意為―垮臺‖，―崩潰‖，―倒塌‖，―解體‖。如：

①Most buildings fell to pieces in the earthquake in this city.②Most organizations fell to pieces after political reform.21.burst into tears

該動賓短語，理解的重點是不及物動詞burst的意思及其分詞或副詞連用的結構形式和意思。

burst是及物動詞或不及物動詞，意為―（使）爆破‖，―脹破‖。如：

①He put too much air into the balloon and it burst.②The funny joke made the children burst their sides with laughing.burst由原意引伸出表示空發性的動作，意為―突然發生‖，―突然發作‖。常構成一些短語，如：

burst into tears/laughter(突然大哭/大笑)

burst into song(突然唱起歌來)burst into angry speech（大發雷庭）

burst into bloom(開花)

burst into view/sight（景象，奇觀的）突然出現

burst into the room(闖入房間)burst out/forth laughing(捧腹大笑)burst out/forth crying（突然大哭）

如:On hearing the sad news, she burst into tears.22.so long as

so long as = as long as 作為詞組有兩層意思，一是―只要‖（=on condition that），引導條件狀語從句；二是―在……的時候‖（=while）,引導時間狀語從句。如：

You shall never enter this house as /so long as I live in it.另外，so/as long as 還可構成同級比較句型。as long as 可用于肯定句和否定句中，而so long as 只用于否定句中。

如：

①This rope is as long as that one.②I can‘t walk so long distance as you.23.to be honest

該固定詞組意為―老實說‖，是動詞不定式結構，與―to tell the truth‖同義，它常用來表達某人的期望。如：

To be honest, I didn‘t go there.24.take charge

該詞組意為―掌管‖，―負責‖，常與of介詞連用，后接賓語，與―be responsible for‖同意。如： Betty took charge of all the preparations for the exhibition sales.25.like crazy

這是一個固定詞組，口語用語，意為―瘋狂地‖，―拼命地‖。如：

In order to finish his work on time, he worked like crazy.crazy是個形容詞，意為―狂熱的‖，―醉心的‖，與about連用。如：

Most youths are crazy about famous stars.26.but for

該短語介詞意為―要不是……‖，后接名詞（=without + n.）,but for…短語相當于一個虛擬條件句，因此，句中謂語動

詞用虛擬語氣。如：

The boy would have drowned but for your help.如果接的是句子，but for要換用成but that… 如：

He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time.(= if it had not been the fact that he was…)

27.on the point of…

該短語常在句中作表語，意為―正要（去做某事）‖，意思相當于be about to do sth.。如：

We were on the point of calling him up when he came.對于point名詞應掌握它的用法如下：

①if/when it comes to the point如果/當時機到來（時）如：

When it comes to the point,he refused to help.②from sb.‘s point of view從某人的角度來看 如：

Try to look at school from the child‘s point of view.三、精典名題導解?

題1（上海 2001）

A computer can only do __________ you have instructed it to do.A.how B.after C.what D.when

分析：C。該題考查引導賓語從句的連接詞的用法。how 和when可作連接副詞引導賓語從句，并在從句中作狀語。what為連接代詞，意思是―……的‖，既引導賓語從句，又在該句中作及物動詞do的賓語。

題2（NMET 1999）

—Hey, look where you are going!—Oh, I‘m terribly sorry.___________.A.I‘m not noticing B.I wasn‘t noticing C.I haven‘t noticed D.I don‘t notice

分析：B。這是一道難題。用過去進行時表示說話前不久的短暫的行為，即

―剛才沒注意到‖。這種用法很少用疑問句中。

題3（NMET 1998）

—Hi, Tracy, you look tired.—I‘m tired.I__________ the living room all day.A.painted B.had painted C.have been painting D.have painted

分析：C。從題干中I am tired和all day 這一時間狀語，不難看出該空的時態應用現在完成進行時，表明―我一整天

在油漆起居室‖。

題4（NMET 2000春）

—You‘re drinking too much.—Only at home.No one___________ me but you.A.it seeing B.had seen C.sees D.saw

分析：C。這是一道考查一般現在時的用法的題。這一時刻往往是很短暫的，本題中指對話時的動作。

題5（MET 1992）

—Do you know our town at all? —No.This is the first time I ________ here.A.was B.have been C.came D.am coming

分析：B。此題考的是―That/This/It is the first/second…time + that從句‖這一固定句式，that從句里面用現在完成時，若將is 改成was則從句用過去完成時。

題6（NMET 1998）

Shirley __________ a book about China last year but I don‘t know whether she has finished it.A.has written B.wrote C.had written D.was writing

分析：D。根據時間狀語last year和后達的―是否完成‖判斷，應用過去進行時。

題7（NMET 1997）

I first met Lisa three years ago.She _________ at a radio at that time.A.has worked B.was working

C.had been working D.had worked

分析：B。由時間狀語three years ago 和at that time判斷，此題應用過去進行時。

題8（NMET 1995）

—Your phone number again? I _________quite catch it.—It‘s 9563442

A.didn‘t B.couldn‘t C.don‘t D.can‘t

分析：A。根據again一詞來推斷，對方已說了一遍電話號碼，所以是―剛才‖沒聽清，應用過去時，而couldn‘t 表示

―不能夠‖，不合題意。

題9（NMET 1992）

—We could have walked to the station, it was so near.—Yes.A taxi________ at all necessary.A.wasn‘t B.hadn‘t been C.wouldn‘t D.won‘t

分析：A。could have walked 意為―本可以步行去‖。由此推斷并沒有步行去，再看下句可知，不是―步行‖而是坐出租

車去的車站，動作已發生，故用過去時。

題10（上海 2001）

_____________ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.A.Having suffered B.Suffering C.To suffer D.Suffered

分析：A。該題考查非謂語動詞的用法。動詞不定式表示將來發生的動作；現在分詞的一般式說明分詞的動作或狀態和句子謂語的動作或狀態同時發生或進行；現在分詞的完成式表示分詞的動作或狀態在謂語動詞的動作或狀態之前發生，試題中現在分詞完成式就是這種用法，故最佳答案是A。

高三英語復習教案（5）

（SB3-units9-10）

一、單元考點提示?

1.單詞

fortunate, require, steady, glance, gain, actual, loose, pause, aloud , calm, flight, reception

2.短語

keep one‘s balance 保持平衡 catch on 絆住，鉤住 require sth.of sb.對某人要求…… lose one‘s voice 失音；噪子啞

do/perform gymnastics做/表演體操 in actual fact 事實上

in a flash 一剎那間 hold out 伸出(手等)；堅持

the moment 一……就…… break off 打斷；折斷

glance over the shoulder回頭一瞥；回望一眼

for fear that 恐怕的是……以防

3.句型

It was time for her performance on the high and low bars.He recognized me the moment/minute/instant/immediately/directly/as soon as he saw me.Something may have happened to her.It is not like her to have missed two days of class.On his arrival he went straight to the counter.4.語法

復習主謂一致和賓語從句。

復習間接引語。

二、考點精析與拓展?

1.Something may have happened to her.She might have had an accident.兩句中都用的―情態動詞may/might +完成時‖的結構，有以下用法：

①may/might + have + 過去分詞表示推測過去某動作―可能‖發生了。如：

I can‘t find my sunglasses, I may/might have left them at the

restaurant yesterday.一般來說，may和might兩者意思上沒什么區別，只是may比might表示的可能性大些。如：

He may have heard of it from Jack.He might have heard of it from Jack.在下列情況下，may和might 用法有區別：

句子的主要動詞是現在時，間接引語中用may/might;句子的主要動詞是過去時，間接引語中只用might.如：

He says that she may/might have misunderstood him.He said that she might have misunderstood him.②might + have + 過去分詞，表示對本來可能發生而實際并未發生的動作的感嘆或遺憾含有―責備‖、―抱怨‖之意，而

may + 完成時無此含義。如：

You might have told us earlier.This medicine might have cured your cough

2.must + have + 過去分詞

表示推測過去某動作―一定發生了‖。如：

—They quarrelled quite often and whenever they quarrelled they threw glasscup at each other.—They must have broken a lot of glasses.3.fall over意為―跌倒‖，―跌跤‖。如：

When he was skating, he fell over some times.4.It was in Greece that Olympic competitions started.這是強調句型，其結構為：It be + 被強調部分+that-clause.該句型可以對一個句子里的主語、賓語、狀語（介短或從

句）進行強調。

5.n.+ being performed in China.該結構中being performed 是動記號-ing形式的被動語態，在一句子中用在名詞之后，作定語。它常可改寫成一個定

語從句。如：

The prices of the TV sets being shown(= which are shown)are still unknown.6.prepare sb.for…

該短語意為―使某人對……進行準備‖。如：

Mother is preparing me for my journey.prepare 作為動詞，既是及物動詞，又是不及物動詞且常與for連用。如：

Mother asked my sister to prepare lunch.7.preform exercises to music.短語意為―伴隨音樂做體操‖，從中可知―do sth.to music‖判決書為―伴隨音樂做某事‖。如：

She likes dancing to music.她喜歡隨著音樂跳舞。

8.There are safety measures to follow while training.該句意為―訓練時必須遵守安全措施‖，這句話里應注意兩點：

①while training 是從屬連詞與分詞連用，在句子中做時間狀語。結構―when/while +-ing 或過去分詞短語‖的使用條

件是：

when/while 從句中的主語與主句中的主語相同。如：

You should have dropped in on me when staying here.除了when/while 外，其他的從屬連詞如if，as if, though, as

before,after等，也有這樣的用法。如：

If heated, ice can be turned into water.②to follow 是不定式做定語，修飾名詞measures,是主動表被動。在There be 句型中，用不定式做的定語時，即就是不定式與所修飾的名詞之間是動賓關系，也常用不定式的主動語態形式。如：

There is a lot of work to do.9.think to oneself

該動賓詞組意為―心里想‖。如：

She was thinking to herself how cold the room was.Think aloud意為―自言自語‖（=talk to oneself）。如：

He stood there with his lips moving as if he talked to

himself/thought aloud.10.the moment主語 +Ｖ。

此結構中，the moment 用作連詞，引導一時間狀語從句，意為―一……就……‖（=as soon as）。相同意思和用法的表達形式還有：the minute, the instant 和the second。如：

Telephone me the moment you get the results.11.break off

該短語動詞的意思是―中斷說話‖，―暫時停止‖。如：

He broke off in the middle of a sentence.break sth.off/break off sth.with sb.前者意為―（使）折斷‖，后者意為―與某人突然斷絕（關系）‖。如：

The mast broke off /was broken off when the ship was moving.12.be busy doing sth.該結構意為―忙于做某事‖。應注意的是be busy 后只能接動詞-ing形式，不能接動詞不定式to do,相同結構的形容詞

還有worth。如：

①He is busy writing his composition.②She keeps busy working on a new novel these weeks.③This book is well worth seeing.13.The first thing she did was go up to her trainer…and thank her…

該句中，go up to…是動詞不定式短語作表語，省略了不定式符號to,這是因為主句的主語被定語從句she did修飾的緣故。語法規定，解釋doing 精確意思的分句，可用不帶to 的動詞不定式。如：

What I can do is(to)help him(to)clean the floor.14.at the doctor‘s

該結構為介詞+名詞所有格，意為―在診所‖。所有格-‘s后一般接名詞，如her mother‘s bike ,但有時這個名詞可省略，主要表現在以下兩個方面：

①指一個企業，機構，教堂，學校，醫院，家庭，理發店，店鋪時。如：

She is at the hairdresser‘s.②為了避免重復，省略-‘s后的名詞。如：

I have read some of Shaw‘s plays,but none of Shakespeare‘s.15.knock into

該短語意為―把……敲人‖，也可意譯為―撞著某人/某物‖如：

①The wall is so hard I can‘t knock nails into it.②He was reading while he eas walking and knocked into a tree.16.it looks as if…

意為―看起來好像……‖，as if可用as though替換，在此引導表語從句，另外它們也可引導狀語從句，從句既可用陳

述語氣，也可用虛擬語氣。如：

①It looks as if /though it‘s going to rain.（陳述語氣）

②You look as if you‘d seen a ghost.（虛擬語氣）

17.It‘s(just)like sb.to do sth.該句意思是―某人（恰恰）就是……這個樣子‖，表示贊揚或不滿；若用否定式，則表示懷疑。如：

It is just like her to think of others before thinking of herself.18.in a flash

該介賓詞組意為―轉眼間‖，―突然間‖，―瞬間。‖如：

In a flash.I realized where we had met before.19.on one‘s arrival…

該詞組意為―一到達……就……‖（= on arriving…）。如：

On her arrival she helped me to prepare supper.20.with fear

該介詞短語意為―由于害怕‖，with + n.有時用來表示原因，其中的n.常是表示情感的名詞。

如：Her face turned pale with fear.21.by name

該介賓詞組的意思是―名叫……‖；―憑名字‖。如：

①He met a man, John by name.②I knew him only by name.22.Training by yourself in a game can be highly dangerous.句中情態動詞can,表示一時的情況，意為―有時侯會……‖。

can的這種用法，只用在肯定句中。如：

Children are lovely, but they can be tiring.23.They each… on three pieces of equipment as well as the floor.此句中，equipment是不可數名詞，意為―裝備、器械‖，無復數形式。使用時它不能與不定冠詞、基數詞連用。當表達數量概念時，其表達式為：工/基數詞 + piece(s)+of+equipment。

類似的名詞還有：machinery, clothing, furniture, jewelry等。

24.it was clear that –clause

該句型是用it作形式主語，that-clause主語從句放在了后邊，注意區別：―it is/was clearly that主語 + V…‖這是強調

句型。如：

It is clear that he passed the exam.25.twelve more steps

此結構掌握的重點twelve與more間的位置關系，意為―再有12個臺階‖。如：

We must climb twelve more steps to the top.基數詞 + more + n.s.= another + 基數詞 + n.s.如：

There are 3 more chairs /another 3 chairs for dinner.三、精典名題導解?

題1（NMET 1999）

____________him and then try to copy what he does.A.Mind B.Glance at C.Stare at D.Watch

分析：D。四個選項的英文解釋如下：①mind:take care of or look

after ②glance at:give a rapid look ③stare at:look fixedly with wide open eyes,as in wonder, fear or deep thought ④watch:attend carefully to sb.or sb‘s action 從原句中的try to copy what he does 可知。

題2（上海 2001春）

It was for this reason____________her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.A.which B.why C.that D.how

分析：C。for this reason 是一個完整部分，去掉It was和空白處，句意完整，只不過語序發生了變化。因此該題測

試的是強調句型的用法。

題3（NMET 2000）

It is the ability to do the job_____________matters not where you come from or what you are.A.one B.that C.what D.it

分析：B。關鍵詞為matters.此詞為動詞的謂語形式，故此題不是一個簡單句，該句又不是名詞性從句，故可排除A、D、C，實際上這是一個強調句型。

題4（NMET 2001春）

—Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?

—Yes.I gave it to her__________I saw her.A.while B.the moment C.suddenly D.once

分析：B。C、D為副詞，不能引導狀語從句。while必須與延續性動詞連用，而saw為終止性動詞。

高三英語復習教案（6）

（SB3-units11-12）

一、單元考點提示

1.單詞

greedy, court, mercy, desire, greeting, comfort, troublesome, relation, downtown , hibernate , suit, fairly

2.短語

at the mercy of 在……的支配下 play the role of 扮演……角色

do the deed 付諸行動；生效

take pride in 以……自豪；對……得意

according to 根據……

on condition that 條件是……；在……條件下

at the time of 在……時侯 lie in 在于

a couple of weeks 兩個星期 large quantities of 大量；許多

make use of 利用 far below 遠遠低于

3.句型

She dressed herself as a lawyer‘s clerk.I offer you six times what you have just offered.I never knew so young a body with so wise a head.You shall get justice.It‘s silly of sb.to do sth.He has no choice but to cry.I‘d come to if I had time to spare.4.語法

復習動詞不定式。

二、考點精析與拓展?

1.make a promise

該動詞短語意為―允諾‖，其中的promise為名詞，與它搭配的詞組還有keep one‘s promise(守信)等。如：

He‘s always making promises and then breaking them.Promise 也可是動詞（vt.& vi.）意為―允諾‖，―答應‖。

所用動詞句型為：

promise to do sth(不定式作賓語)promise sb.to do sth.（后接雙賓語）

promise(sb)that – clause(that-clause為賓語從句)

如：①He promises me to buy a bike for my birthday gift.②He promises me that he will buy a bike for my birthday gift.2.pretend to be a lawyer

該結構中pretend 意為―裝扮‖，―裝假‖，后跟不定式或賓語從句。其中不定式（有時態變化）是試題中的重點考查

形式。如：

When mother came in, be pretended to be writing.3.have mercy on/upon sb.該短語意為―寬恕（或可憐）某人‖，類似的詞組還有show mercy to sb.。

He always has mercy on the poor.at the mercy of …任由……擺布，在……的掌握中。

如：They were lost at sea,at the mercy of the winds and the waves.4.go down on one‘s knees 雙膝跪地

go down on one knee單膝跪地

如：①The son went down on his knees, begging his father for

mercy.②Some football players celebrate their―goal‖by going down

on one knee.5.play the role of…

該短語意為―扮演……角色‖（=play a part of…）。如：

In this film he will play the role of a policeman.6.x times + n.通過結構，應掌握英語里表示倍數的表達句型。

①A is x times the size(height, length, width…)of B.②A is x times as big(high,long, wide…)as B.③A is x times + adj.-er than B.④The size(height, length, width…)of A is x times that of B.如：The meeting-room is three times the size of our office.The size of the meeting-room is three times that of our office.7.when you show none

此句中掌握的重點是when的用法，現分述如下：

①when在本句中，相當于if,引導條件狀語從句，意為―既然‖。如：

How can I help them to understand when they won‘t listen to

me?

②when意為―當……的時候‖，―在……時‖，引導時間狀語從句。

③when是并列連詞（=and then）意為―就在這/那時‖，連接兩個句子。如：We are about to go to city when it is raining.8.so young a body

說明：在一個帶有形容詞的名詞詞組中，不定冠詞a/an 通常放在adj.的前面。但是，如果adj.前有so, too, how,quite時，a/an應放 adj.的后面。其結構是：so/too/how/quite+adj.+a/an +n.。如：

①He is so good a student.②It is too difficult a job for me.9.be seated

意為―坐下‖（=sit down）,是正式用語，而sit down是非正式用語。如：Please be seated, ladies and gentlemen.10.take…in one‘s arms 該結構意為―擁抱‖。如：

He went into classroom, taking some books in his arms.11.be in love with sb.該短語意為―愛上某人‖，其中的be可用fall替換，即fall in love with sb.也意為―愛上某人‖。如：

Henry was/fell in love with Mary.make love to sb.向某人示愛

12.on one condition

該介詞短語意為―規定一個條件‖。如：

He allowed me to do it on one condition.on condition that這是一短語連詞（=only if）,引導條件狀語從句。如：I‘ll give you the day off on condition that you work

on

Saturday morning.13.a driving permit

該詞組意為―駕駛執照‖，詞組里permit是名詞，意為―許可證‖，―執照‖。如：

You won‘t get into the conference hall without a permit.14.help to do sth.該動賓結構意為―有助于干某事‖，且不定式符號to 可以省略，即構成help do sth.的表達形式。如：

①This book helps to understand this question.②Exercises help build up.15.far below + n.該詞組意為―遠遠低于‖，―比……低得多‖，其中far是副詞，用以加強語氣。如：

The production of this factory was far below the normal level last year.16.show off

該短語動詞意為―炫耀‖，而show sb./sth.off意為―顯示……的優點‖。如：

He is a man who is always showing off.由show 構成的短語動詞有：

show up出現/出席，顯眼

show…over/round帶……參觀

show…in領……進入；show…out領/送……出去

如：Only three of the people we invited to the party didn‘t show up.17.keep up

該短語動詞有以下現象，分述如下：

①keep sth.up使不低落，遵守

如：Even if we fail we should keep up our spirits.②keep sb.up使晚睡

如：It‘s wrong to keep the children up so late.③keep up with sb.趕上，不落后，保持聯系

如：I still keep up with my college classmates far away.我仍與遠方的大學同學保持著聯系。

18.have no choice but to do sth.該結構意為―別無選擇的干……‖ 如：You have no choice but to obey me.19.more than

該詞組意為―不僅僅是‖，―不只是‖。

如：Flag is more than a piece of cloth.It stands for a state.More than 與one 連用，構成詞組more than one 后接單數的名詞和動詞。如：

More than one person is going to lose his job.20.lie in

短語動詞lie in 意為―在于‖。如：

The way out lies in the development of educati8on.21.make use of

該短語動詞意為―利用‖，其中use 前可被good,the best, much,little no修飾。如：

You must make good use of any opportunities you have of practi-

sing English.以 use為核心，組成的詞組有：

in use 在使用中；out of use(目前)不使用

come into use 開始被使用；go out of use 不再使用。

三、精典名題導解?

題1（上海 1999）

We all know that __________speak louder than words.A.movements B.performances C.operations D.actions

分析：D。Actions speak louder than words.是諺語，意為―行動勝于空談‖。

題2（NMET 1997）

I would love __________to the party last night,but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A.to go B.to have gone C.going D.having gone

分析：B。表達未曾實現的愿望。

題3（NMET 1992）

Little Jim should love _____________to the theatre this evening.A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking

分析：A。表示將來的意愿，little Jim是動詞take 的承受者，故應用不定式的被動式。

題4（NMET 1999）

Robert is said ___________abroad, but I don‘t know which country he studied in.A.to have studied B.to study C.to be studying D.to have been studying

分析：A。根據語意判斷，Rorbert在國外留學已結束，不定式所表示的動作發生在謂語之前。

題5（NMET 2001春）

___________late in the morning,Bob turned off the alarm clock.A.To sleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.Having slept

分析：A。句意為―為了早上多睡會兒，Bob關了鬧鐘‖。所以不能選B、D，又因為該句不是祈使句，不能用動詞原

形形式，即不能選擇C。

題6（上海 1999）

—Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day? —___________enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.A.Get B.Getting C.To get D.To be getting

分析：C。因為下句為表示目的的句子，即相當于in order to。

題7（上海 2001春）

Sandy could do nothing but ____________to his , teacher that he was wrong.A.admit B.admitted C.admitting D.to admit 分析：A。do nothing but + 不帶to的不定式。

高三英語復習教案（7）

（SB3-units13-14）

一、考點精析與拓展?

1.now that;due to;because of;owing to;since;as

now that作―既然‖講時，相當于since。now that中的that 可省去。如：Now(that)you are well again, you can travel, 你

既然恢復了健康，就能夠旅行了。

due to作 ―起因于、歸功于‖時，常作表語或跟在名詞后，如：

His failure is due to the fact that he lacks experience.他的失敗源于他缺少經驗。

Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious results.粗枝大葉造成的錯誤可能帶來嚴重后果。

The team‘s success was largely due to her efforts.該隊的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。

because of―由于、因為‖，在句中作狀語或表語。如：

Lincoln is admired because of his good leadership.林肯由于其出色的領導而受到人們的贊賞。

His anger is because of your bad deeds.他是因你的失禮行為而生氣。

owing to―由于、因為‖，常在現代英語中與because of, due to換用。如：

Owing to unfavourable weather, I was unable to carry on with it.由于天氣不好，我不能把它進行下去。

2.combine;connect;join;unite 此組動詞意為―聯合、連接‖。

combine意為―結合、聯合‖，指為了某一目的而把兩事物結合在一起。如：

We must combine theory with practice.我們必須把理論和實踐聯系起來。

He combines botany with chemistry.他把植物學和化學聯系起來了。

connect―連接‖，指用東西把兩事物連接在一起，或兩事物直接相連，二者仍保持原狀。

The two cities are connected by a railway.兩座城市由鐵路相連。

He connected the gas stove with gas pipe.他把煤氣和接在煤氣爐上。

join意為―連接‖，指以線、繩、橋等把兩物或兩地連接在一起，和connect意思相近，也可指兩物互相緊密相接。如：

We had better join the island to the mainland with a steel bridge.我們最好建一座鋼筋橋把這個島與大陸連接起來。

Where does this stream join the Changjiang River?這條河和長江在哪里會合？

unite意為―聯合‖，指兩種以上的事物結合為一體，有合二為一的意味，強調結合后的統一性。

The two companies will unite into one.這兩家公司將合并成一家。

The whole family united to help him.全家齊心協力幫助他。

3.repair;mend

repair指將受損、故障、用舊之物修理好，如用于修補機械方面的東西多用repair。如：

Ask him to repair my watch/TV set.請他給我修一下手表/電視機。

The garage charged forty dollars to repair the car.修車行修理這輛車收了四十美元。

repair還可作―彌補、補償‖講。如：

How can I repair the damage I have caused?我怎樣才能彌補我造成的損失？

I‘d like to repair our differences.我想我們應該重歸于好。

mend指將打破、撕碎或用壞之物修補完整，―縫補衣服‖多用mend。如：

His clothes need mending.他的衣服該補了。

She mended the broken jar with cement.她用水泥把破碎的缸補好了。mend 還可意為―改正、糾正、治愈、使恢復健康‖等。如：

The prisoner is mending his way.囚犯在改過自新。

It is never too late to mend.亡羊補牢，猶未為晚。

4.worth;worthy

兩者均是形容詞，意思是―值得……的‖，用法如下：

（1）worthy可以作定語，worth不能。例如：

a worthy rival值得較量的對手

（2）worth后面直接跟名詞（多為表示錢或代價的名詞），其作用相當于介詞；worthy后面接名詞時須與of連用（一般不接表示錢的名詞）。例如：This second-hand book is worth 100 dollars.這本舊書值100美元。

His deed is worthy of praise.他的事跡值得贊揚。

（3）worth后面可直接跟動名詞的主動結構；worthy后接動名詞的被動結構，且須與of連用，worthy后也可接不

定式的被動式。例如：

This book is worth reading./ This b

第四篇：高三英語時態教案

高三英語時態教案

I.動詞時態Verb Tenses 動詞時態一：一般現在時（提示：當主語是單三時務必使用動詞的單三形式）1.He______(be, am, is, are)a teacher at No.2 Middle School.2.He______(have, has)classes in the afternoon.3.He______(get, gets)up at half past six every morning.4.He always _____(come, comes)to school on time.5.He ______(study, studies)very hard at his lesson.6.One and two _____(be, is, are)three.7.Blue and yellow _____(make, makes)green.8.The earth _____(move, moves)round the sun.9.I will go there if I ____(be, will be, am, is, are)free tomorrow.10.I will go there when I _____(have, will have, has)time tomorrow.11.He won’t come to the party unless he _____(be, will be, am, is, are)invited.12.I’ll wait here until my mother ____(come, comes, will come)back.13.Please return the book to the library as soon as you ______(finish, finishes, will finish)reading it.14.Once you _____(see, sees, will see)him, you will never forget him.時間狀語：---never/seldom/sometimes/often/usually/always/now/every morning/once a month---動詞時態二：一般過去時(提示：使用動詞的過去式)15.He____(be, was, were, been)here a moment ago.16.They ____(be, was, were, been)here just now.17.The scientists _____(leave, leaves, leaved, left)for America yesterday.18.Last week we ______(visit, visited)the Science Museum.19.When I was a child, I often ____(play, played)football.20.The students ran out of the classroom as soon as the bell ____(ring, rang, rung).時間狀語：---yesterday/yesterday morning/the day before yesterday/last week/last month/last year/three years ago/a few days earlier/the other day(=a few days ago)/in 1999/after three months/ two days later/at that time/ just now/ in the past/ in those days/one day/ once / at one time---動詞時態三：現在進行時（am/is/are +v-ing）

21.I ____(write, am writing, is writing, are writing)a letter now.22.Look, it _____(begin, is beginning, am beginning, are beginning)to rain.23.They ____(study, is studying, am studying, are studying)medicine at the Medical Institute of Chengde these days.24.He _____(teach, am teaching, is teaching, are teaching)an English lesson at this time.時間狀語：---now/these days/ at present/ at this time---提示動詞look/ listen---動詞時態四：過去進行時(was/were+ v-ing)25.I _____(cook, cooked, was cooking, were cooking)breakfast when you arrived.26.What ____you_____(do, did, was...doing, were…doing)at this time yesterday evening? 27.We_____(have, are having, had, were having)dinner when the doorbell rang.28.While/ When/ As we____(have, had, are having, were having)dinner, the doorbell rang.時間狀語：---then/ at that time/at this time yesterday/ yesterday evening/last night/ 1 when-clause(when引導的時間狀語從句)---

動詞時態五：一般將來時（六種表達形式）①shall/ will +v.②be going to +v.主觀打算等 ③be to + v.客觀安排等 ④be about to +v.⑤be + v-ing(-come, go, leave, arrive, start, stay, return-)⑥v-/ v-s（-es）(表示按時間表發生的將來的動作)(---start, begin, arrive, end, close, leave---)29.I ____(leave, shall/ will leave)for Ji’nan tomorrow.30.Who can tell me what ____(will happen, is going to happen)in the future? 31.Mr Smith _____(will help, shall help)you if you have any problem.32.It______(is going to be, will be)Wednesday the day after tomorrow.33.The musician _____(is going to give, are going to give, am going to give)a concert next week.34.Look, there ______(be, is going to be, are going to be)a rain soon.35.We _____(meet, will be to meet, are to meet, am to meet)at the airport this afternoon.36.The concert____(take, is to take, are to take, will be to take)place in the music hall tomorrow afternoon.37.The concert ___(hold, is to hold, is to be held, will to be held)in the music hall tomorrow evening.38.Ladies and gentlemen, the plane ___(take, is about to take, are about to take, is soon about to take)off.Please fasten your safety belts.39.We ____(start, are going to start, are starting)for Shanghai tonight.40.The train/ concert/ show/film _____(start, starts)at six tomorrow.時間狀語：---tomorrow/tomorrow morning/the day after tomorrow/(how)soon/ before long/ by and by/ in an hour/ in five minutes’ time/ five minutes later/ this afternoon/ next Saturday(week, month, year)/in future/ in the future/ sometime in the future/ some day(one day)---動詞時態六：過去將來時

41.I told my friend that I ____(should/ would arrive, shall/ will arrive)soon.42.They looked at those clouds over the sky.It____(is going to rain, was going to rain).43.They said that they ____(are to meet, were to meet)at the gate the next day.44.We _____(are about to go, were about to go)out when it started to rain.時間狀語：---soon/the next day---that-clause(名詞性從句或上下文中---)動詞時態七：現在完成時（have /has + 過去分詞）

45.We____(have cleaned, has cleaned)the room already.(暗示The room is clean now.)46.He ____(have been , has been)to the Summer Palace many times.((暗示He is back now.)47.She ____(have just gone, has just gone)to the library.((暗示She isn’t here now.)48.I ____(has lived, have lived)here for more than 20 years.=I _____(lived, have lived)here since I moved here 20 years ago.= It is / has been 20 years since I moved here.49.Great changes ____(have taken, has taken)place in China in the past 20 years.= There _____(has been, have been)great changes in China in the past 20 years.時間狀語：

---1)already/(not)yet/before/recently=lately2)ever/never/once/twice/manytimes3)now/just/today/ this morning 4)for…/since…/so far/ by now=up till now 5)in/for/during the past(last)few years---動詞時態八：過去完成時（had+ 過去分詞）（特征：表示“過去的過去”）50.We ____(have read, had read)500 stories by the end of last term.51.He said that they _____(have arrived, had arrived)an hour before.52.After /When he ____(has done, had done)his job, he went to bed.53.I waited till he ____(has finished, had finished)his work.54.When I got there, he ___(has been, had been)away for half an hour.55.I went back to the classroom because I ____(have left, had left)my dictionary there.時間狀語：---by the end of last…---/ that-clause名從,after,before,when,because狀從。

第五篇：高三英語復習教案

高三英語復習：閱讀理解解題技巧

主講人 張賢琴

湖北高考考試說明里閱讀理解的要求:(1)理解文章主旨要義(2)理解文中具體信息

(3)根據上下文推斷生詞的詞義(4)作出簡單判斷和推測(5)理解文章的基本結構

(6)理解作者的意圖、觀點和態度

任何一篇文章都有一個主旨要義。有時從文章的第一個段落，甚至第一個句子即可得出文章的主旨要義。從這一段或這個句子讀者會知道文章描述的是誰或什么(即文章的主題)，也會了解作者希望讀者了解主題哪些方面的內容。有時則需從文章的字里行間進行推斷。這類試題主要考查考生略讀文章、領會大意的能力，它對考生的歸納、概括能力(如確定文章的標題)有一定的要求。

高考閱讀理解“主旨要義題”通常是考查考生選擇恰當的標題、概括中心思想和段落大意的能力.主旨要義題要求考生具有很強的話語篇章把握能力和分析能力，能夠從全局的角度對文章括以總領，梳清脈絡。可以說，對閱讀理解主旨題的把握能力決定了閱讀這個整體題項的成敗，它也是衡量閱讀水平高低的一個重要標尺。所以，如果我們在這個題上能夠取得突破，就等于是攻克了閱讀當中最頑固的堡壘，其它類型的題也就不在話下了。所謂主旨大意題指針對段落或短文的subject(主題)、main idea(主題思想)、title(題目)或purpose(目的)擬題。盡管題型或用詞不盡相同，但所針對的都是段落（或短文）的主旨大意。以下是針對段落（或短文）的主旨大意所設立的常見題型： 1.What is the main idea of this paragraph(passage)? 2.What is the author′s main point?

3.The main idea(central thought)of the paragraph(passage)is_____.4.Which of the following sentences best expresses the main idea? 5.What does the paragraph(passage)mainly suggest? 6.The main point of the paragraph(passage)is____.7.The paragraph(passage)centers on the point that__.8.The author seems to be especially interested in___.9.The topic sentence of the paragraph(passage)? 10.What topic is treated in this paragraph(passage)? 11.What the paragaph(passage)tells us would be summarized by the sentence? 12.The best summary of the paragraph(passage)is that 13.The paragraph(passage)informs us that---14.We can infer from the paragraph(passage)that----15.What does this paragraph(passage)imply? 16.What is the subject of this paragraph(passage)? 17.Which of the following can be concluded from the information presented in this paragraph(passage)? 18.What conclusion can be drawn from this paragraph ? 19.The(main)subject of the paragraph(passage)is____? 20.Which of the following best states the theme of paragraph(passage)? 主旨大意題解題方法與步驟：

略讀法(skimming)是理解全文大意的快速而有效的方法，略讀的關鍵是能抓住文章要點的前提下，以個人最快的速度閱讀，主要目的是盡快獲得足夠的信息以便準確的回答問題，利用略讀法去做閱讀時，要特別注意首尾兩段，要學會尋找文章段落的主題句，這是高效省事地抓住段落要點的捷徑，同時也是準確理解文章大意的有效途徑。在做題時要注意以下步驟：

1．先看問題，看是否有和主旨相關的題目，了解題目類別和提問方式。

2．再看文章首尾和各段開頭，找出主題句或通過瀏覽全文，抓住關鍵字眼，把握主旨。3．以掌握主旨為前提，處理推斷作者語氣或意圖等其他深層次問題。

在一篇文章中，細節的描寫一般有五種類型，事實性細節，描寫性細節，說明性細節，比較活對比性細節以及說理性細節.1事實性細節 這類細節描寫指作者在敘述某事時使用的事實或數據

2描寫性細節 這類細節描寫通常是用來表達某種情緒與感情或某種印象，敘述親眼目睹的一些事情等

說明性細節 這類細節描寫在作者以解說或介紹的方式來說明事物或告訴人們如何做事，這類細節條理清楚，過度自然，因此在這類細節描寫中常出現一些過渡詞，如： first, second ,finally, also ,for example ,for instance ,otherwise ,moreover ,therefore ,on the contrary ,on the other hand ,then ,now 等。4.比較或對比性細節 對比是指出同類事物的不同之處，或者是對兩種不同的觀點的對比；而比較則是把兩種或多種事物相比較指出其相同的地方。如：2006天津高考E篇 5 說理性細節 為了使主題思想為讀者所接受，往往需要陳述理由。解答此類題時，考生需要先抓住問題中的關鍵詞，然后迅速回到原文中找到這一細節，再把細節所在段落仔細閱讀一遍，與所給選項核對，分析，判斷，得出答案。詞匯量的多少往往直接影響著閱讀速度及理解能力，但如果擁有一些猜詞的基本常識，則會達到事半功倍的效果。詞義猜測法是一種通過上下文的種種提示來猜出生詞含義的方法, 這種方法一般適用于詞義猜測題型。詞義猜測題型旨在考查學生的英語詞匯量, 以及對文章中生詞的理解能力。針對這種情況, 學生解題時, 應該通過生詞上下文的語言環境進行詞義猜測。

猜詞是應用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學會“順藤摸瓜”，通過構詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

推理型問題主要包括以下幾大類：對作者態度、語氣、風格、傾向的推理，對作者意圖、主題思想的推理，對數字的推斷，對文中細節的推斷等。

①針對作者態度、語氣、風格、傾向的推理作者寫文章時，經常持有某種態度或傾向。

作者的語氣和態度往往并不直接在文章中寫出來。有時通過全文的敘述，考生可以從文章中領悟作者的觀點；有時可以通過對作者使用的詞匯(多為形容詞和副詞)的分析，來推斷出作者的態度和感情，例如作者對某一觀點是贊成還是反對，是主觀批評還是客觀陳述。②對作者意圖、主題思想的推理。

考生可以利用確定中心思想(主旨)的方法先確定短文的主題和大意，然后分析句子之間的關系，在全面理解原文的基礎上，推測出作者的寫作意圖和目的。③對數字的推斷

考生要先在短文中找出問題所涉及的數字和文字，然后根據題目要求對各數字進行推算。考生應注意，有的題目只要求找出相關的數字，有些題目則要做簡單的計算。

Come and see the Indian elephants and the new tigers from America.The bears are waiting to meet you, and the monkeys from China are waiting to throw things at you.The lovely dogs from Australia are waiting to laugh at you, and the giraffes from Zambia are waiting to look down on you.Tickets Opening time Grown-ups: $ 3 9:00 am---4:00 pm Children: Over 12:$2 except Friday Under 12: Free 10:00 am--3:00 pm How much does Mr Smith have to pay if he visits the zoo with his sons of fourteen and ten? A.$2.00 b.$5.00 C.$4.00 D.$3.00 2.Which of the following is the visiting time? A.8:30 am, Wed B.9:30 am, Fri C.2:00 pm, Sun D.4:00 pm, Tue 通過閱讀我們發現布告中的所有數據都是有用的，那么關鍵詞是：grown-ups, children, over 12, under 12, opening time, except Friday。第一題中Mr Smith是成人，須買3塊錢的門票，他一個14歲的兒子需買2塊錢的門票，另一個不滿12歲的兒子可免票，所以Mr Smith先生需花5塊錢，B是正確答案。第二題C是正確答案。④對文中細節的推斷。

作者為了說明一個主題或者觀點，肯定會做出一系列論述或解釋，采用方式可能是舉例、論證、擺事實或講道理、提出問題或者指出事件的原因等。這種題型常常集中對文章中某一點或幾點、某一方面或幾方面、某一部分或幾部分提出問題。回答這類問題時，考生應首先仔細閱讀原文以確定推理依據的范圍，然后按題意進行推斷。

對《考試大綱》中提出的理解文章的基本結構的要求，往往通過篇章結構題來考查。考生要學會把握文章的脈絡，理解段落層次之間的關系，弄清作者的寫作方法。英語的文章講究使用主題段和主題句。主題段通常在文章的開頭，簡要概括文章的中心思想，主題句根據段落的寫作手法的不同可能在段落的開頭，也可能出現在段落的中間或末尾。段與段之間常用詞語連接，承上啟下，使文章行文連貫，邏輯嚴密。為突出主題作者可能采用不同的寫作手法來組織文章，通過舉例、比較、類比等手法來透徹闡明主題觀點。高考對這類題型的考查主要體現在以下幾個方面： 2014-5-16