第一篇：賓語從句是初中英語教學(xué)的重點和難點

賓語從句是初中英語教學(xué)的重點和難點,全面掌握其用法十分必要。我認(rèn)為學(xué)好賓語從句應(yīng)從以下幾方面著手。

一、了解概念

賓語從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語。整句結(jié)構(gòu)是以主句開始，有主語和謂語。謂語動詞是及物電池、動詞，需要賓語來完成句子的，而此處的賓語是一個從句，這就是賓語從句。結(jié)構(gòu)是：主＋謂＋引導(dǎo)詞＋主＋謂。

二、了解應(yīng)掌握的三種賓語從句 1陳述句

主句＋引導(dǎo)詞（that）＋賓語從句，其中的that在口語或非正式文體中可省略。如：

That said（that）it was cold in Moscow.2 特殊問句

主句＋連接代詞或連接副詞＋賓語從句。如：

Do you know where we will stay on the island ？ 3 一般問句

主句＋whether或if＋賓語從句。如：

Could you tell me whether that is a pen or not ？

三、應(yīng)特別注意的事項 1 從句的語序

無論是連接代詞還是連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，其從句應(yīng)用陳述語序。如： He couldn’t remember where he had put his book.2 時態(tài)呼應(yīng)

當(dāng)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時，從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)實際情況，可用任何時態(tài)。如： She says（that）she will be back in a month.當(dāng)主句為過去時，從句根據(jù)實際情況可用與過去時相應(yīng)的時態(tài)、即一般過去時、過去進(jìn)行時、過去將來時和過去完成時。如：

She told us（that）she was born in Jane，1990.但如果從句所述的是客觀真理時，從句時態(tài)無需改變，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時。如： The teacher said（that）the earth turns around the sun.【考點掃描】

中考對賓語從句的考查主要集中在以下幾個方面： 1.引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞和代詞選擇； 2.賓語從句的語序； 3.賓語從句的時態(tài)。

考查的主要形式是單項填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。閱讀理解和書面表達(dá)肯定也要用到賓語從句。【名師精講】 一.賓語從句的種類

賓語從句是一種名詞性從句，在句中作及物動詞的賓語，或介詞的賓語，或形容詞的賓語。根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的不同連詞，賓語從句可分為三類。

1.由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。That只有語法作用，沒有實在的意義，在口語和非正式文體中可以省略。例如：He said(that)he wanted to stay at home.She doesn’t know(that)she is seriously ill.I am sure(that)he will succeed.2.由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當(dāng)某個成分。

例如： Do you know who(whom)they are waiting foe? He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I don’t know why the train is late.3.由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：I want to know if(whether)he lives there.He asked me whether(if)I could help him.二.賓語從句的語序

賓語從句的語序應(yīng)為陳述句的語序。

例如：I hear(that)physics isn’t easy.I think(that)you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.三.賓語從句的時態(tài)

1.如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句該用什么時態(tài)就用什么時態(tài)。如：I don’t think(that)you are right.Please tell us where he is.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 2.如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)（一般過去時，過去進(jìn)行時，過去將來時，過去完成時）。例如：He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he would go back to the U.S.soon.3.如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時。

例如： Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.] Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.0 推薦

賓語從句是初中階段英語教學(xué)的重點之一，也是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的難點之一。無論是在平時測試，還是在各種競賽或中考中，牽涉到賓語從句用法的試題很多，所占的分值也比較大。現(xiàn)將初中階段涉及到的賓語從句歸納如下。一.賓語從句的判斷

賓語從句，顧名思義，是一個用作賓語的句子。例如：

I don't know if / whether my father will come back tomorrow.（我不知道明天我爸爸是否會回來。）

Tom can't decide which sweater he should buy.（湯姆不能決定應(yīng)該買哪一件羊毛衫。）

We all know（that）the sun rises in the east.（我們都知道太陽在東方升起。）二.辨別主句和賓語從句

引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連接詞有三種，分別為： A.連詞 if / whether ； B.連接代詞或連接副詞； C.連詞 that.如果原來的直接引語為一般疑問句，變成間接引語時，就形成了 A 種賓語從句。如果原來的直接引語為特殊疑問句，變成間接引語時，就形成了 B 種賓語從句。C 種賓語從句是原來直接引語中的陳述句。如將兩個句子組成含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句，會有以下幾種情況： 1.Will he come back tomorrow？ Do you know？

→ Do you know if / whether he will come back tomorrow？ 2.Which sweater should Tom buy？ Tom can't decide.→ Tom can't decide which sweater he should buy.3.The sun rises in the east.We all know.→ We all know that the sun rises in the east.賓語從句是初中英語一個重要的語法內(nèi)容，同時它也是中考必考的容易失分的一個項目。要學(xué)好賓語從句，必須掌握好它的基本概念，基本特點和有關(guān)難點。

基本概念：在復(fù)合句中用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。它是眾多從句中的一員，它在復(fù)合句中作主句謂語動詞,介詞或某些形容詞的賓語。

I think(that)you will like the students.They often worry about whether they can get the jobs.基本特點：

一 選擇合適的連結(jié)詞。

1．詞that（在口語、非正式文體中可以省略，本身沒有意義）。引導(dǎo)陳述句做賓語從句。如：

I tell him that I have read the story.2．連詞if或whether（是否）；引導(dǎo)一般疑問句做賓語從句。

Do you know if he will go to school tomorrow?

3．代詞who（作主語）、whom（作賓語）、whose（定語）、which（主語、定語）；連接副詞when, why, how, where，(均作狀語)。引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句做賓語從句。

He didn't know when he would leave for Shanghai.二.賓語從句要用陳述句語序。

所謂陳述句語序就是指賓語從句中主語一定要放在謂語動詞之前。

(1)主句（主語＋謂語vt）＋（that）從句（主語＋謂語……）；(2)主句＋if/whether從句（主語＋謂語…）；

(3)主句＋連接代詞who/whom/whose/what/which+陳述句語序（主語＋謂語…）；

（4）主句＋連接副詞when/where/why/how+陳述句語序。使用時就注意連詞的意義，是否擔(dān)任成份。例如：

1）Can you hear___?

A.what did he say B.that he said C.what he said

2)Can you tell me ? What's your name ?

Can you tell me what your name is ?

3)He didn't under stand..Can this machine work?

He didn't understand if this machine could work.方法有很多，多練習(xí)多體會，注意細(xì)節(jié)，就能很好的掌握它。

第二篇：初中賓語從句教案

教學(xué)內(nèi)容：

賓語從句的定義

劃出下面的賓語部分 I know him.He runs a big shoe factory.We grow lots of vegetables.He told me the news.I hear that you have passed the examination.置于動詞、介詞和形容詞（afraid,sure,glad等）等詞性后面起賓語作用的從句叫賓語從句。賓語從句的語序必須是陳述語序。

大多數(shù)及物動詞都可以帶賓語從句，如think, hope, wish, believe ,say ,know ,hear ,tell ,remember ,forget等，常用來引導(dǎo)賓語從句的形容詞有： sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised。He told me（that）he would go to college the next year.We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.I am sorry I am late.I am sure I will pass the exam.賓語從句主要考點梳理 一.賓語從句中引導(dǎo)詞的用法

在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語，引導(dǎo)詞有： 連詞：that(that 常可省略),whether, if 代詞：who, whose, what ,which ,whoever, whatever, whichever 副詞：when ,where, how, why 等。

（一）that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（在非正式場合that可以省略）可跟that從句做賓語的動詞有：

say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。

例句：The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.注意事項：當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等詞，而賓語從句的意思是否定時，常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移至主句表示。例句：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.在以下情況中that不能省略

1.當(dāng)句中的動詞后接多于兩個由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時，第一個that可省，但后面的that不可省。例句：He said(that)you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.2.當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞與that賓語從句之間有插入語時，that一般不可省。

例句：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.3.當(dāng)that從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時，that不可省。例句：I can’t tell him that his mother died.注意事項：如果從句太長，可以用形式賓語it.例句：I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.我認(rèn)為每天多喝開水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我沒去聚會,感覺非常遺憾.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.我每天寫日記成了習(xí)慣.We all find it important that we(should)make a quick decision about this mater.我們都認(rèn)為對這件事馬上做出決定很重要.（二）由whether,if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

由whether(if)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，實際上是一般疑問句演變而來的。意思是“是否”。賓語從句要用陳述句語序。一般說來，在賓語從句中whether與if可以互換使用，但在特殊情況下if與whether是不能互換的。

例句：I wonder whether(if)they will come to our party.只能用whether，不能用if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

1.直接與or not連用時

例句：I can’t say whether or not they can come on time.2.在帶to的不定式前

例句：We decided whether to walk there.3.在介詞的后面

例句：I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.Everything depends on whether we have enough money。只能用if不能用whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

if引導(dǎo)否定概念的賓語從句時

例句：He asked if I didn’t come to school yesterday.（三）連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

這樣的賓語從句實際上是由特殊疑問句變化而來的，賓語從句要用陳述句語序：連接代詞/副詞+主語+謂語+其他成分。用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞常常是：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等。

英語中的連接代詞有：who,whom,whose,which,what，在句中擔(dān)任主語、賓語、定語或者表語。如：

例句：Do you know who will come this afternoon ?

(作主語)

Did you hear what she said ?

（作賓語）

I don’t know whose that is.（作表語）

Could you tell me which gate we have to go to ?（作定語）

Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?（作賓語）

英語中的連接副詞有：when,where,why,how，在句中擔(dān)任狀語的成分。例句：None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.Can you tell me how I get to the post office ?

We didn’t know when she would come back.二.賓語從句的時態(tài)

1、主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句根據(jù)實際情況使用任何時態(tài)。例句：

She says that she is a student.She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.She says that she has finished her homework already.She says that she can sing a song in English.I hear he was here yesterday.Could you tell me what you were doing at eight last night?

2、主句是過去時態(tài)，從句需改為相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)。即一般現(xiàn)在時改為一般過去時，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時改為過去進(jìn)行時，一般將來時改成過去將來時，現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時改為過去完成時。

She said that she was a student.She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.She said that she had finished her homework already.She said that she could sing a song in English.She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.3、如果賓語從句中有明確表示過去的時間狀語，不論主句用什么時態(tài)，從句一律用過去時。

She said she came to work here in 1998.The teacher told us that the war broke out in the winter of 1923.4、如果賓語從句說的是客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象或事實時，這時賓語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。

The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.He told me that Japan is an island country.The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.5、委婉語氣Could you tell me…是用來征詢對方的意見，并不表示過去常按照一般現(xiàn)在時處理。

Could you tell me when we will visit the Histury Museum? 三.特殊疑問句變賓語從句五注意

1、在引導(dǎo)詞上，要將疑問代詞或疑問副詞變?yōu)檫B接代詞或連接副詞，引導(dǎo)賓語從句。如：

Whose bike is this ? Does anybody know ?

Does anybody know whose bike this is ?

2、賓語從句的時態(tài)與主句的時態(tài)保持一致。如：

When the train will arrive ? He asked me.He asked me when the train would arrive.3、在語序上，要將疑問句語序改為陳述句語序。如：

Which one do you like best ? She asked me.She asked me which one I liked best.[注意] 疑問句中主語之前的助動詞若是do / does / did , 變?yōu)橘e語從句時，要先將其去掉，謂語時詞再根據(jù)時態(tài)作相應(yīng)的變化。

4、特殊疑問句詞在句中作主語，變?yōu)橘e語從句時語序不變（時態(tài)應(yīng)作相應(yīng)變化）。如：

Who can answer the question ? The teacher asked.The teacher asked who could answer the question.5、特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句后，用問號還是用句號完全取決于主句的句式：

如主句為陳述句、祈使句，句末就用句號；如主句是疑問句，句末就用問號。如：

I don’t know when we shall start tomorrow.Do you know when we shall start tomorrow ? 

第三篇：初中英語語法賓語從句試講教案

賓語從句教學(xué)設(shè)計

一、導(dǎo)入

1.復(fù)習(xí)什么是賓語。動詞/介詞后面的名詞就是賓語。

I play basketball.We are talking about our homework..2.賓語從句就是在賓語的位置上放一個完整的句子。3.I love that I can earn some coupons.板書：He knows me.He knows what’s wrong with his wife.說出2個句子的賓語。

說出2個句子的賓語是詞（詞組）還是句子。

第一個句子的賓語是一個詞構(gòu)成的，第二個句子的賓語是一個句子，我們稱這種做賓語的句子叫賓語從句。在句子中充當(dāng)賓語的從句叫賓語從句。其中 he knows 叫主句，what’s wrong with him是從句。

說出下面4個句子的主句和從句。

A．He said that he had a very good journey home.B．He asked if /whether they had come.C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun.D．He asked me how he could get to the nearest post office.總結(jié)：。是主句，剩下的是由that，if，how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。初步認(rèn)識了賓語從句，下面我們開始了解賓語從句的三要素 引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）語序 時態(tài)

1)從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)陳述句賓語從句，在口語或者非正式語中可以被省略

比如上面四句話中的A,C就是that引導(dǎo)的陳述句的賓語從句。如果省略掉that，該如何修改。（讓學(xué)生口頭修改）

A．He said that he had a very good journey home.C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun.2）由從屬連詞 whether, if 引導(dǎo)一般疑問句的賓語從句，表示“是否”，比如上面的B就是由if引導(dǎo)的賓語從 句，B．He asked if /whether they had come.3）由連接代詞

who,whom,whose,which,what, whoever, whichever, whatever 和連接副詞 where, how, why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

代詞或副詞連接主句和從句，并在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分，具有一定的意義，不可省略，比如上面的D。

D．He asked me how he could get to the nearest post office.注意：關(guān)于是否if/whether.Whether,if 引導(dǎo)賓語從句：兩詞可互換，但是下列情形除外：

1)．whether從句中有or not

2)．whether從句做介詞賓語

3)whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.4)在不定式前只能用whether.（如：I can’t decide whether to stay.我不能決定是否留下。）

5)避免歧異時，我們常用whether而不用if.Paper課堂

1.I asked her __________ she had a bike.2.We’re worried about ________ he is safe.3.I don’t know ________ or not he is well.4.I don’t know _______ to go.繼續(xù)觀察上面的四句話，請問賓語從句的語序有什么特點？（陳述句語序）不管原來的句子是陳述句，一般疑問句還是特殊疑問句，放在賓語從句里都是陳述句語序。（板書）改寫賓語從句。陳述句Doctor Li is very patient.2

It is well-known that _____.一般疑問句Is Doctor Li very patient? John wants to know __________(用if或者whether引導(dǎo))特殊疑問句How is Doctor LI? John wants to know ____ 練習(xí)

Part 1 課堂練習(xí)（paper）

Mike gets up at seven in the morning.He says that---Mike gets up at seven in the morning

The teacher asks--if Mike gets up at seven in the morning..The teacher asks what time---Mike gets up in the morning.我們已經(jīng)了解了賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞和語序，下面我們來學(xué)習(xí)下賓語從句的時態(tài)。（卡片，貼在上面時態(tài)的旁邊）口訣：主現(xiàn)從任意

主過從過去 從真理用現(xiàn)在 一張paper發(fā) 朗讀并且分析主句從句的時態(tài) ? 主句用現(xiàn)在時，從句可用任意時態(tài)。可歸納為“主現(xiàn)從任意”

Do you know what time the ship leaves? Do you know when John was born? Do you know if John has passed his exams? ? 主句用過去時，從句用過去的某個時態(tài)。可歸納為“主過從過去”

He said he had a very good journey home.He asked if they had come.3．主句用過去時，從句是科學(xué)真理、客觀常識、名人格言時用一般現(xiàn)在時。

He told me that the earth goes around the sun.(自然真理客觀現(xiàn)象)He didn’t know that summer comes after spring when he was five years old.注意：4情態(tài)動詞could/would用于，“請求”，表示委婉、客氣的語氣時，從句不受主句的約束。

Could you tell me where I can buy a pencil sharpener? 5主句是一般過去時，從句中有具體的過去時間狀語，即使從句動作發(fā)生在主句動作前，仍用一般過去時。

? ? The teacher told me she was born in 1960.I heard that he went to Paris last night.賓語從句的一些特殊句式

? 1動詞think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后it為形式賓語，后跟名詞或形容詞作賓補(bǔ)，而真正的賓語——that從句則放在句尾）

We think it our duty that we should help others.I find it impossible that he should finish the work in two days.2.否定轉(zhuǎn)移

若主句主語為第一人稱且謂語動詞為think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等，其后的賓語從句含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式。

I think he won’t come here.（）I don’t think he will come here.（）2.當(dāng)賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞正好做主語的時候，語序不變，比如常用的what和who Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？

The small children don't know what is in their stockings What’s wrong?（what was wrong）

What’s the matter?（what was the matter）

What’s happening? What happened? eg:

I don’t know what’s the matter.I don’t know what the matter is.(F)

Can you tell me who is over there?（who做主語）Can you tell me who he is ?（who做表語）

第四篇：初中英語語法賓語從句試講教案

賓語從句教學(xué)設(shè)計

一、導(dǎo)入

1.復(fù)習(xí)什么是賓語。動詞/介詞后面的名詞就是賓語。

I play basketball.We are talking about our homework..2.賓語從句就是在賓語的位置上放一個完整的句子。3.I love that I can earn some coupons.板書：He knows me.He knows what’s wrong with his wife.說出2個句子的賓語。

第一個句子的賓語是一個詞構(gòu)成的，第二個句子的賓語是一個句子，我們稱這種做賓語的句子叫賓語從句。在句子中充當(dāng)賓語的從句叫賓語從句。其中 he knows 叫主句，what’s wrong with him是從句。

說出下面4個句子的主句和從句。

A．He said that he had a very good journey home.B．He asked if /whether they had come.C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun.D．He asked me how he could get to the nearest post office.總結(jié)：。是主句，剩下的是由that，if，how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。

初步認(rèn)識了賓語從句，下面我們開始了解賓語從句的三要素 引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）語序 時態(tài)

1)從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)陳述句賓語從句，在口語或者非正式語中可以被省略

比如上面四句話中的A,C就是that引導(dǎo)的陳述句的賓語從句。如果省略掉that，該如何修改。（讓學(xué)生口頭修改）

A．He said that he had a very good journey home.C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun.2）由從屬連詞 whether, if 引導(dǎo)一般疑問句的賓語從句，表示“是否”，比如上面的B就是由if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，B．He asked if /whether they had come.3）由連接代詞

who,whom,whose,which,what, whoever, whichever, whatever 和連接副詞 where, how, why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

代詞或副詞連接主句和從句，并在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分，具有一定的意義，不可省略，比如上面的D。

D．He asked me how he could get to the nearest post office.注意：關(guān)于是否if/whether.Whether,if 引導(dǎo)賓語從句：兩詞可互換，但是下列情形除外：

1)．whether從句中有or not

Eg:Whether rain or not we will go to the park.2)．whether從句做介詞賓語

3)whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.4)在不定式前只能用whether.（如：I can’t decide whether to stay.我不能決定是否留下。）

5)避免歧異時，我們常用whether而不用if.6)decide 后邊的賓語從句要用whether.Paper課堂

1.I asked her __________ she had a bike.2.We’re worried about ________ he is safe.3.I don’t know ________ or not he is well.繼續(xù)觀察上面的四句話，請問賓語從句的語序有什么特點？（陳述句語序）不管原來的句子是陳述句，一般疑問句還是特殊疑問句，放在賓語從句里都是陳述句語序。

（板書）改寫賓語從句。陳述句Doctor Li is very patient.It is well-known that _____.一般疑問句Is Doctor Li very patient? John wants to know __________(用if或者whether引導(dǎo))

練習(xí)

Part 1 課堂練習(xí)

Mike gets up at seven in the morning.He says that---Mike gets up at seven in the morning

The teacher asks--if Mike gets up at seven in the morning.我們已經(jīng)了解了賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞和語序，下面我們來學(xué)習(xí)下賓語從句的時態(tài)。

（卡片，貼在上面時態(tài)的旁邊）口訣：主現(xiàn)從任意

主過從過去 從真理用現(xiàn)在

一張paper發(fā) 朗讀并且分析主句從句的時態(tài) ? 主句用現(xiàn)在時，從句可用任意時態(tài)。可歸納為“主現(xiàn)從任意”

Do you know what time the ship leaves? Do you know when John was born? Do you know if John has passed his exams? ? 主句用過去時，從句用過去的某個時態(tài)。可歸納為“主過從過去”

He said he had a very good journey home.He asked if they had come.3．主句用過去時，從句是科學(xué)真理、客觀常識、名人格言時用一般現(xiàn)在時。

He told me that the earth goes around the sun.(自然真理客觀現(xiàn)象)He didn’t know that summer comes after spring when he was five years old.注意：4情態(tài)動詞could/would用于，“請求”，表示委婉、客氣的語氣時，從句不受主句的約束。

Could you tell me where I can buy a pencil sharpener?

5主句是一般過去時，從句中有具體的過去時間狀語，即使從句動作發(fā)生在主句動作前，仍用一般過去時。

? The teacher told me she was born in 1960.? I heard that he went to Paris last night.賓語從句的一些特殊句式

? 1動詞think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后it為形式賓語，后跟名詞或形容詞作賓補(bǔ)，而真正的賓語——that從句則放在句尾）We think it our duty that we should help others.I find it impossible that he should finish the work in two days.2.否定轉(zhuǎn)移

若主句主語為第一人稱且謂語動詞為think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等，其后的賓語從句含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式。

I think he won’t come here.（）I don’t think he will come here.（）

2.當(dāng)賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞正好做主語的時候，語序不變，比如常用的what和who Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？ The small children don't know what is in their stockings What’s wrong?（what was wrong）

What’s the matter?（what was the matter）

What’s happening? What happened? eg:

I don’t know what’s the matter.I don’t know what the matter is.(F)

Can you tell me who is over there?（who做主語）Can you tell me who he is ?（who做表語）連接詞

語序

引導(dǎo)詞+主語+謂語 時態(tài)

二、知識點講解

1.語序問題——從句是陳述句語序（在講課的時候，例句和配題都要反復(fù)重復(fù)這個原則）

什么是陳述句語序？就是主語在謂語動詞前面。⑴ 引導(dǎo)詞為that/whether/if 的從句

That 在句子中只做連接作用，沒有實際意義

Whether 和 if 都表示“是否”的意義，區(qū)別是whether后面能加or not 而if 不能。例句1：

I want to know whether Mike will come with you or not.陳述句語序！I want to know that Mike is good at English or math.陳述句語序！

⑵ 引導(dǎo)詞為wh系列特殊疑問詞（what which when where why who/whom）+how 例句2：

Do you know what lily’s phone number is.陳述句語序！

I wondered what you were doing at this time yesterday.陳述句語序！Marry asked me when we would take part in the competition.2.時態(tài)問題

⑴觀察例句1和2中的句子，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)主句為現(xiàn)在時（一般現(xiàn)在時，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，現(xiàn)在完成時），從句的時態(tài)隨便選。“你的時態(tài)你做主” 例句1：

P85/3(2010 北京)Do you know _____ the capital museum?（主現(xiàn)從隨便）Next Friday.-----時間狀語說明動作發(fā)生在將來。A when will they visit B when they will visit C when did they visit D when they visited [分析] 如何判斷題目考察的點就是賓語從句？ ①分析題干和選項。

當(dāng)題干開空的前面是動詞，常見的有tell know

ask并且選項都是由特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo) 6 的一個完整的句子的時候，多為考查賓語從句。

②判斷語序，陳述句語序。

選項設(shè)計一般為兩個錯誤時態(tài)和兩個錯誤語序。不管時態(tài)先看語序。排除疑問句語序。

（對于基礎(chǔ)比較差的學(xué)生，不明白什么是疑問句語序，就告訴學(xué)生，看到以下助動詞后面是人稱代詞就是錯誤的。）

Is/are/am/was/were + I/we/you/they等人稱代詞

錯誤 Has/have/did/will/shall/should + 人稱代詞

錯誤

分析時態(tài)：主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句的時態(tài)“你的時態(tài)你做主”。——將來時態(tài)。

⑵ 當(dāng)主句的時態(tài)是過去的某個時態(tài)（一般過去，過去進(jìn)行，過去完成，過去將來），從句必須只能用過去時態(tài)。

注意：當(dāng)從句陳述的是某個客觀事實或者真理的時候，無論主句是何時態(tài)，從句都只用一般現(xiàn)在時。例句：

He told me he would go to Canada.(主過從過)

三、總結(jié)

在這節(jié)課下課之后，要讓學(xué)生們記住下面幾句話。① 陳述句語序

② 主現(xiàn)從隨便；主過從過；真理永遠(yuǎn)一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。

賓語從句做題方法論：

① 賓語從句出題位置一般為單選題目最后一道，看到選項多為wh特殊疑問詞+完整句，開空前多為tell know ask這樣的動詞。② 觀察選項，排除錯誤語序

③ 根據(jù)時間狀語和主句時態(tài)，選擇正確時態(tài)。

第五篇：賓語從句和表語從句詳解與練習(xí)

賓語從句和表語從句詳解

名詞性從句指的是在整個句子中起名詞作用的從句。這種從句可以做主語、賓語、表語、同位語等，所以這類從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。各種名詞性從句的結(jié)構(gòu)都是相同的，即由if，whether，that和各種疑問詞充當(dāng)連接詞，后接陳述語序。

例如：What they are doing seems very important．（主語從句）

他們在做的事似乎很重要。

My hope is that he will be the best student in the class．（表語從句）

我的愿望是他能夠成為班上最好的學(xué)生。

Nobody knows who he is．（賓語從句）

大家都不知道他是誰。

I don't like the idea that money is everything．（同位語從句）

我不喜歡金錢就是一切這一觀點。

引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞中，除了that，if和whether之外其它的都作從句中的一個成分。

【賓語從句】

在句子中作動詞或介詞賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的詞有連詞that，whether，if；連接代詞who，which，what以及其強(qiáng)調(diào)形式 whoever，whichever，whatever； 連接副詞 when，where，why，how等。

例如：Do you know where the Greens live?

I have no interest in how rich he is．

賓語從句主要用于下面五種結(jié)構(gòu)：

1．由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（that 引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，特別是在口語中可省略）

The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets．

that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句多用于say，think，insist，wish，hope，demand，imagine，wonder，know，suppose，see，believe，agree，admit，deny，expect，explain，order，command，feel，dream，suggest，hear，mean，notice，prefer，request，require，propose，declare，report等后。

當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是 think，believe，suppose，expect 等詞，而賓語從句的意思是否定時，常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移至主句表示。例如：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that．（＝ I think it is not right for him …．）

that不能省略的情況：

（1）當(dāng)句中的動詞后接多于兩個由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時，第一個that可省，但后面的that不可省。如：

He said（that）you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not

to tell you．

（2）當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞與that賓語從句之間有插入語時，that一般不可省。如：

Just then I noticed，for the first time，that our master was wearing his fine green

coat and his black silk cap．

（3）當(dāng)that從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時，that不可省。如：

I can’t tell him that his mother died． 2．由特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

這樣的賓語從句實際上是由特殊疑問句變化而來的，賓語從句要用陳述句語序。用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞常常是：see，say，tell，ask，answer，know，decide，show，find out，imagine，suggest，doubt，wonder，discover，understand，inform，advise等。

I can’t decide which book I should buy． 3．由whether（if）引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

I wonder whether（if）they will come to our party．

由whether（if）引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，實際上是一般疑問句演變而來的。意思是“是否”。賓語從句要用陳述句語序。一般說來，在賓語從句中whether與if可以互換使用。

4．賓語從句后帶有賓補(bǔ)時，需用it作形式賓語，而把賓語從句放在句后，這時that不省略。

例如：He thought it wrong that they left the child alone at home．

【表語從句】

在句子中作表語的從句叫做表語從句。引導(dǎo)表語從句的詞有連詞that，whether；連接代詞who，what，which；連接副詞when，where，how，why以及其它連詞as if，as though，because等。

例如：The question is whether it is worth reading．

They are just what I want．

That’s why they were late．

1．含有表語從句的復(fù)合句中的主語通常是fact，truth，explanation，problem，opinion，view等。

如：The fact is that fish can't go without water．

事實是魚離開水不能存活。

2． as if（as though）也可以用于表語從句。但多是以下面形式出現(xiàn)。

主語＋look（seem）as if＋從句

如：It looked as if it was going to snow．

It seems as if there will be a quarrel soon．

注意：不用 if 引導(dǎo)表語從句。reason做主語時，表語從句應(yīng)由that引導(dǎo)，不用because。that 引導(dǎo)表語從句時，通常不能省略。

專項練習(xí)

1． — I flew to New York for the talk show on TV last week．

— Is that ______you had a few days off?

A． why

B． when

C． what

D． where 2． I ask her _____ come with me．

A． if she will

B． if will she

C． whether will she

D． will she 3． It was a matter of _______ would take the position．

A． who

B． whoever

C． whom

D． whomever 4． Can you tell me ________?

A． who is that gentleman is

B． that gentleman is who

C． who that gentleman is

D． whom is that gentleman 5． Can you tell me ________ the railway station?

A． how I can get to

B． what can I get to

C． where I can got to

D． where can I get to 6． It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants．

A． however

B． whatever

C． whichever

D． whenever 7． Do you know ________ ?

A． what is his name

B． how is his name

C． what his name is

D． how his name is 8． Go and get your coat． It's________ you left it．

A． there

B． where

C． there where

D． where there 9． I wonder how much ________．

A． does the watch cost

B． did the watch cost

C． the watch costed

D． the watch costs 10． It was _____ he said _____ disappointed me．

A． what；that

B． that；that

C． what；what

D． that；what 11． “Is Mary from New York City?” “I don't know _______．”

A． from what city does she come from

B． from what city she come

C． what city does she come from

D． what city she comes from 12． Henry killed the dog． I'll ask him why ________．

A． did he do that

B． he did that

C． he did

D． he has done so 13． Have you seen Henry lately? My boss wants to know ________．

A． how he is getting along

B． how is he getting along

C． what he is getting along

D． what is he getting along 14． I am sure ________ he said is true．

A． that

B． about that

C． of that

D． that what 15． You can’t imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas presents．

A． how they were excited

B． how excited they were

C． how excited were they

D． they were how excited 16． Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless．

A． for

B． because

C． since

D． that 17． We gave him ________ help we could．

A． which

B． what

C． that

D． this 18． Excuse me would you please tell me ________?

A． when the sports meet is taken place

B． when is the sports meet going to be held

C． when is the sports meet to begin

D． when the sports meet is to take place 19． This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts．

A． how you have observed

B． how what you have observed

C． that you have observed

D． how that you have observed 20． Where do you think ________?

A． has he gone

B． has he been

C． he's gone

D． was he

參考答案：

1． A 由句子結(jié)構(gòu)得知，空白處應(yīng)選能在表語從句中作狀語的連接副詞，A． B． D．三個答案均能

滿足這一要求，但根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選A，why為連接副詞，在表語從句中作原因狀語。

2． A 賓語從句作ask的直接賓語，應(yīng)用陳述句語序。

3． A 空白處在賓語從句中做主語，因而可首先排除C、D兩項。whoever ＝ anyone who與題意不符，故答案為A。

4． C 賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述句語序。“你能告訴我那位紳士是誰嗎?”

5． A 問路應(yīng)該說How can I get to…，賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述句語序，故選A。

6． B 空白處為want 的賓語，應(yīng)選用連接代詞，而whichever常用作定語，whatever ＝ anything that，故答案為B。

7． C

8． B

9． D

10． A what he said在復(fù)合句中做主語，that是強(qiáng)調(diào)句用法。

11． D

12． B

13． A

14． D 在作表語的形容詞后的賓語從句中的that不可省略。

15． B 這是一個由how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，在賓語從句中要用陳述句語序，故答案為B。

16． D 表語從句中的that不可省略。

17． B

18． D

19． B

20． C