第一篇：2012年溫總理政府工作報(bào)告全文(中英)[精選]

2012年溫家寶總理政府工作報(bào)告全文（雙語(yǔ)對(duì)照）

第十一屆全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)第五次會(huì)議在人民大會(huì)堂開(kāi)幕，聽(tīng)取國(guó)務(wù)院總理溫家寶作政府工作報(bào)告，審查年度計(jì)劃報(bào)告和預(yù)算報(bào)告。以下為十一屆全國(guó)人大五次會(huì)議開(kāi)幕會(huì)及政府工作報(bào)告全文：

各位代表：現(xiàn)在，我代表國(guó)務(wù)院，向大會(huì)報(bào)告政府工作，請(qǐng)各位代表審議，并請(qǐng)全國(guó)政協(xié)委員提出意見(jiàn)。

Fellow Deputies, on behalf of the State Council, I now present to you my report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval and for comments and suggestions from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC).一、2011年工作回顧 I.Review of Work in 2011 過(guò)去的一年，面對(duì)復(fù)雜多變的國(guó)際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境和艱巨繁重的國(guó)內(nèi)改革發(fā)展任務(wù)，全國(guó)各族人民在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，同心同德，團(tuán)結(jié)奮進(jìn)，改革開(kāi)放和社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得新的重大成就。

Last year, China faced a complex and volatile political and economic environment abroad and arduous and challenging reform and development tasks at home.Working hard with one heart and one mind under the leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC), the Chinese people of all ethnic groups made significant achievements in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值47.2萬(wàn)億元，比上年增長(zhǎng)9.2%；公共財(cái)政收入10.37萬(wàn)億元，增長(zhǎng)24.8%；糧食產(chǎn)量1.14萬(wàn)億斤，再創(chuàng)歷史新高；城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1221萬(wàn)人，城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入和農(nóng)村居民人均純收入實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)8.4%和11.4%。我們鞏固和擴(kuò)大了應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)沖擊成果，實(shí)現(xiàn)了“十二五”時(shí)期良好開(kāi)局。

China's GDP reached 47.2 trillion yuan, an increase of 9.2% over the previous year;government revenue was 10.37 trillion yuan, an increase of 24.8%;and the country's grain output reached a record high of 571.21 million tons.A total of 12.21 million new urban jobs were created.The per capita disposable income of urban residents and the per capita net income of rural residents rose in real terms by 8.4% and 11.4%, respectively.We consolidated and built upon our achievements in responding to the global financial crisis, and got the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period off to a good start.一年來(lái)，我們主要做了以下工作：

We accomplished the following in our work last year.(一)加強(qiáng)和改善宏觀調(diào)控，遏制物價(jià)過(guò)快上漲，實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。

1.Strengthening and improving macro-control, preventing fast price rises, and achieving steady and robust economic development 我們實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策，堅(jiān)持正確處理保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)和管理通脹預(yù)期的關(guān)系，更加注重把握好政策實(shí)施的重點(diǎn)、力度和節(jié)奏，努力做到調(diào)控審慎靈活、適時(shí)適度，不斷提高政策的針對(duì)性、靈活性和前瞻性。

We followed a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, and maintained a balance between ensuring steady and robust economic development, adjusting the economic structure, and managing inflation expectations.We paid greater attention to implementing policies with the proper focus, force, and pace;conducted prudent and flexible macro-control on a moderate scale and in a timely fashion;and constantly made our policies more targeted, flexible, and forward-looking.在全球通脹預(yù)期不斷增強(qiáng)，國(guó)際市場(chǎng)大宗商品價(jià)格高位波動(dòng)，國(guó)內(nèi)要素成本明顯上升，部分農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供給偏緊的嚴(yán)峻形勢(shì)下，我們把穩(wěn)定物價(jià)總水平作為宏觀調(diào)控的首要任務(wù)，堅(jiān)持綜合施策，合理運(yùn)用貨幣政策工具，調(diào)節(jié)貨幣信貸增速，大力發(fā)展生產(chǎn)，保障供給，搞活流通，加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管，居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù)、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)者出廠價(jià)格指數(shù)漲幅從8月份起逐月回落，扭轉(zhuǎn)了一度過(guò)快上漲勢(shì)頭。

Amid worsening inflation expectations worldwide, fluctuating and high prices of major commodities on the world market, significantly higher costs of factors of production at home, and a shortage of some agricultural products, we made ensuring general price stability our top priority in macro-control, pursued policies in an integrated way, rationally used monetary policy tools to regulate the supplies of money and credit, vigorously developed production to ensure supply, boosted distribution, and strengthened supervision.As a result, increases in the consumer price index(CPI)and the producer price index(PPI)began falling in August, thus reversing the trend of rapid inflation.下半年，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)不穩(wěn)定性不確定性上升，國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行出現(xiàn)一些新情況新問(wèn)題，我們一方面堅(jiān)持宏觀調(diào)控的基本取向不變，保持宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策基本穩(wěn)定，繼續(xù)控制通貨膨脹；一方面適時(shí)適度預(yù)調(diào)微調(diào)，加強(qiáng)信貸政策與產(chǎn)業(yè)政策的協(xié)調(diào)配合，加大結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅力度，重點(diǎn)支持實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)特別是小型微型企業(yè)，重點(diǎn)支持民生工程特別是保障性安居工程，重點(diǎn)保證國(guó)家重大在建、續(xù)建項(xiàng)目的資金需要，有針對(duì)性地解決經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行中的突出矛盾。

In the second half of the year, when the global economy faced greater instability and uncertainty and when new developments and problems occurred in China's economy, we kept the basic orientation of macro-control unchanged, maintained the basic continuity of our macroeconomic policies, and continued to curb inflation.In addition, we carried out timely and appropriate anticipatory adjustments and fine-tuning, strengthened coordination between credit and industrial policies, and increased structural tax reductions.We focused on supporting the real economy, especially small and micro businesses;improving the people's wellbeing, especially by building low-income housing projects;and ensuring funding for key projects that are under construction or expansion.These well-targeted measures were taken to solve major economic problems.我們堅(jiān)定不移地加強(qiáng)房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)調(diào)控，確保調(diào)控政策落到實(shí)處、見(jiàn)到實(shí)效。投機(jī)、投資性需求得到明顯抑制，多數(shù)城市房?jī)r(jià)環(huán)比下降，調(diào)控效果正在顯現(xiàn)。我們高度重視防范和化解財(cái)政金融領(lǐng)域的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隱患，及時(shí)對(duì)地方政府性債務(wù)進(jìn)行全面審計(jì)，摸清了多年形成的地方政府性債務(wù)的總規(guī)模、形成原因、償還時(shí)限和區(qū)域分布。這些債務(wù)在經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中發(fā)揮了積極作用，形成了大量?jī)?yōu)質(zhì)資產(chǎn)；也存在一些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隱患，特別是部分償債能力較弱地區(qū)存在局部性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

We steadfastly tightened regulation of the real estate market and ensured that control policies were fully carried out and achieved real progress.Consequently, speculative or investment-driven housing demand has been significantly curbed, housing prices in most Chinese cities have fallen month on month, and the results of our control measures are beginning to show.We attached great importance to guarding against and eliminating latent risks which exist in the banking and public finance sectors.We fully audited local government debt in a timely manner, and obtained a clear picture of the total amount, due dates, geographic distribution, and causes of the debts local governments incurred over the years.These debts have played a positive role in promoting economic and social development and produced a large amount of quality assets.However, they also contained risks and hidden dangers, and some localities with poor ability to pay their debts were at risk of default.我們認(rèn)真開(kāi)展債務(wù)清理整頓和規(guī)范工作，嚴(yán)格控制增量，積極穩(wěn)妥解決債務(wù)償還和在建項(xiàng)目后續(xù)融資問(wèn)題。目前，我國(guó)政府性債務(wù)水平是可控的、安全的。總的看，我國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)繼續(xù)朝著宏觀調(diào)控預(yù)期方向發(fā)展，抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力不斷增強(qiáng)，呈現(xiàn)增長(zhǎng)較快、價(jià)格趨穩(wěn)、效益較好、民生改善的良好態(tài)勢(shì)。

We sorted out and standardized these debts, imposed a cap on their increase, and actively yet prudently solved problems related to the repayment of such debts and additional funding for ongoing projects.Government debt in China now is at a controllable and secure level.China's economy as a whole continues to grow as we anticipated in our exercise of macro-controls and has become more resilient.Economic growth is robust, prices are stabilizing, economic returns are good, and the people's wellbeing is improving.(二)加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，提高發(fā)展的協(xié)調(diào)性和產(chǎn)業(yè)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。

2.Accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development and making development more coordinated and industries more competitive.我們堅(jiān)持有扶有控，促進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和優(yōu)化升級(jí)，增強(qiáng)發(fā)展后勁。

We supported development in some areas while limiting growth in others, and carried out economic structural adjustments and upgrading to increase the sustainability of development.鞏固和加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)。全面落實(shí)強(qiáng)農(nóng)惠農(nóng)富農(nóng)政策，加大農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)補(bǔ)貼力度，穩(wěn)步提高糧食最低收購(gòu)價(jià)，加強(qiáng)以農(nóng)田水利為重點(diǎn)的農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，開(kāi)展農(nóng)村土地整治，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)和抗災(zāi)減災(zāi)，中央財(cái)政“三農(nóng)”支出超過(guò)1萬(wàn)億元，比上年增加1839億元。農(nóng)業(yè)全面豐收，糧食總產(chǎn)量實(shí)現(xiàn)了歷史罕見(jiàn)的“八連增”，連續(xù)5年超萬(wàn)億斤，標(biāo)志著我國(guó)糧食綜合生產(chǎn)能力穩(wěn)定躍上新臺(tái)階。

We consolidated and strengthened the agricultural foundation.We fully implemented the policy of strengthening agriculture, benefitting farmers, and enriching rural areas.We increased subsidies for agricultural production, and the minimum purchase price for grain rose steadily.We strengthened agricultural and rural infrastructure, with priority given to irrigation and water conservancy projects, improved rural land, increased scientific and technological services for agriculture, and improved our ability to respond to and mitigate natural disasters.Central government spending on agriculture, rural areas and farmers exceeded one trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 183.9 billion yuan.We had a bumper harvest in all sectors of agriculture.China's grain output increased for the eighth consecutive year, which has rarely been seen in history.Grain output in each of the past five years has exceeded 500 million tons, which shows that China's overall grain production capacity has reached a new level.解決了6398萬(wàn)農(nóng)村人口的飲水困難和60萬(wàn)無(wú)電地區(qū)人口的用電問(wèn)題，農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活條件進(jìn)一步改善。

We continued to renovate dilapidated houses in rural areas, ensured the safety of potable water for 63.98 million additional rural residents, delivered electricity to 600,000 people in areas that had no power supply, and further improved rural working and living conditions.加快產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)。大力培育戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，新能源、新材料、生物醫(yī)藥、高端裝備制造、新能源汽車快速發(fā)展，三網(wǎng)融合、云計(jì)算、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)試點(diǎn)示范工作步伐加快。企業(yè)兼并重組取得新進(jìn)展。

We accelerated the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure.We energetically fostered strategic emerging industries and accelerated development of new energy, new materials, biomedicines, high-end equipment manufacturing and new-energy vehicles, and we sped up pilot projects and demonstrations for integrating the telecommunications network, the radio and television broadcasting network, and the Internet, along with the development of cloud computing and the Internet of Things.We made progress in enterprise mergers and reorganizations.支持重點(diǎn)產(chǎn)業(yè)振興和技術(shù)改造，中央預(yù)算投資安排150億元，支持4000多個(gè)項(xiàng)目，帶動(dòng)總投資3000億元。加快發(fā)展信息咨詢、電子商務(wù)等現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)，新興服務(wù)領(lǐng)域不斷拓寬。交通運(yùn)輸產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)一步夯實(shí)。

We allocated 15 billion yuan from the central government budget to support more than 4,000 projects to boost key industries and upgrade their technologies.This seed capital attracted a total investment of 300 billion yuan.We accelerated the development of information consulting, e-commerce and other modern service industries, and expanded new service areas.The transportation industry developed quickly, thereby further strengthening the foundation for China's economic and social development.推進(jìn)節(jié)能減排和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)。發(fā)布實(shí)施“十二五”節(jié)能減排綜合性工作方案、控制溫室氣體排放工作方案和加強(qiáng)環(huán)境保護(hù)重點(diǎn)工作的意見(jiàn)。清潔能源發(fā)電裝機(jī)達(dá)到2.9億千瓦，比上年增加3356萬(wàn)千瓦。加強(qiáng)重點(diǎn)節(jié)能環(huán)保工程建設(shè)，新增城鎮(zhèn)污水日處理能力1100萬(wàn)噸，5000多萬(wàn)千瓦新增燃煤發(fā)電機(jī)組全部安裝脫硫設(shè)施。加大對(duì)高耗能、高排放和產(chǎn)能過(guò)剩行業(yè)的調(diào)控力度，淘汰落后的水泥產(chǎn)能1.5億噸、煉鐵產(chǎn)能3122萬(wàn)噸、焦炭產(chǎn)能1925萬(wàn)噸。

We made progress in conserving energy, reducing emissions, and protecting the ecological environment.We adopted and implemented the Comprehensive Work Plan for Conserving Energy and Reducing Emissions and the Work Plan for Controlling Greenhouse Gas Emissions for the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, and the Guidelines on Strengthening Key Environmental Protection Tasks.The installed power capacity using clean energy reached 290 million kW, an increase of 33.56 million kW over the previous year.We strengthened the development of major energy conservation and environmental protection projects.We increased daily sewage treatment capacity by 11 million tons in urban areas, and installed desulphurization systems on all new coal-fired power-generating units with a total capacity of over 50 million kW.We tightened controls over industries that are energy intensive, have high emissions or possess excess production capacity, and closed down outdated production facilities whose production capacity amounted to 150 million tons of cement, 31.22 million tons of iron, and 19.25 million tons of coke.實(shí)施天然林保護(hù)二期工程并提高補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，實(shí)行草原生態(tài)保護(hù)獎(jiǎng)補(bǔ)政策，開(kāi)展湖泊生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)試點(diǎn)。植樹(shù)造林9200多萬(wàn)畝。

We implemented the second phase of the project to protect virgin forests and raised related subsidies, carried out the policy of giving rewards and subsidies for grassland ecological conservation, and launched pilot projects to protect the ecological environment of lakes.And we planted 6.13 million hectares of trees.促進(jìn)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。深入實(shí)施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略和全國(guó)主體功能區(qū)規(guī)劃。出臺(tái)實(shí)施促進(jìn)西藏、新疆等地區(qū)跨越式發(fā)展的一系列優(yōu)惠政策。制定實(shí)施新10年農(nóng)村扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)綱要和興邊富民行動(dòng)規(guī)劃。區(qū)域發(fā)展協(xié)調(diào)性進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)，中西部和東北地區(qū)主要經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)增速高于全國(guó)平均水平，東部地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)步伐加快。

We promoted the balanced development of regional economies.We thoroughly implemented the master strategy for regional development and the national plan for developing functional zones.We introduced preferential policies to promote the leapfrog development of Tibet and Xinjiang;and formulated and implemented a rural poverty alleviation and development program for the next ten years and an action plan to bring prosperity to border areas and the people there.As a result, regional development became better balanced, major economic indicators rose faster in the central and western regions and northeast China than the national average, and the eastern region accelerated industrial transformation and upgrading.城鎮(zhèn)化率超過(guò)50%，這是中國(guó)社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)的一個(gè)歷史性變化。勝利完成四川汶川特大地震災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建任務(wù)，積極推進(jìn)青海玉樹(shù)、甘肅舟曲、云南盈江抗災(zāi)救災(zāi)和恢復(fù)重建工作。China's urbanization level exceeded 50%, marking a historic change in the country's social structure.We completed reconstruction in Wenchuan, Sichuan, which was hit by a massive earthquake in 2008, and made major progress in disaster relief and reconstruction in Yushu, Qinghai;Zhugqu, Gansu;and Yingjiang, Yunnan.(三)大力發(fā)展社會(huì)事業(yè)，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。

3.Developing social services and promoting balanced economic and social development。

各級(jí)政府加大對(duì)科技、教育、文化、衛(wèi)生、體育事業(yè)的投入，全國(guó)財(cái)政支出2.82萬(wàn)億元。Governments at all levels increased spending on science and technology, education, culture, health, and sports programs, with the total amount reaching 2.82 trillion yuan.持續(xù)提升科技創(chuàng)新能力。加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)研究和前沿技術(shù)研究。實(shí)施國(guó)家科技重大專項(xiàng)，突破一些關(guān)鍵核心技術(shù)，填補(bǔ)了多項(xiàng)重大產(chǎn)品和裝備的空白。天宮一號(hào)目標(biāo)飛行器與神舟八號(hào)飛船先后成功發(fā)射并順利交會(huì)對(duì)接，成為我國(guó)載人航天發(fā)展史上新的里程碑。[/cn] We continued to enhance China's scientific and technological innovation capabilities.We strengthened basic research and research in cutting-edge technologies.We carried out major national research and development projects, made breakthroughs in a number of core and key technologies, and filled in many gaps in important products and technologies.The Tiangong-1 space module and the Shenzhou-8 spacecraft were launched, and Shenzhou-8 successfully docked with Tiangong-1, marking a new milestone in China's development of manned spaceflights.[cn]扎實(shí)推進(jìn)教育公平。深入貫徹落實(shí)教育改革和發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要。經(jīng)過(guò)25年堅(jiān)持不懈的努力，全面實(shí)現(xiàn)“兩基”目標(biāo)。免除3000多萬(wàn)名農(nóng)村寄宿制學(xué)生住宿費(fèi)，其中1228萬(wàn)名中西部家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生享受生活補(bǔ)助。建立起完整的家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生資助體系。初步解決農(nóng)民工隨遷子女在城市接受義務(wù)教育的問(wèn)題。

We made solid progress in making education more equitable.We thoroughly implemented the Plan for Education Reform and Development.Thanks to tireless efforts over the past 25 years, we have fully attained the goals of making nine-year compulsory education universally available and basically eliminating illiteracy among young and middle-aged adults.Over 30 million rural boarding school students were exempted from accommodation expenses, and 12.28 million of them who are from poor families in the central and western regions received living allowances.A comprehensive system for providing aid to students from poor families was put in place.The children of rural migrant workers were generally granted access to compulsory education in cities where they live.推動(dòng)實(shí)施“學(xué)前教育三年行動(dòng)計(jì)劃”，提高幼兒入園率。大力發(fā)展職業(yè)教育。加強(qiáng)中小學(xué)教師培訓(xùn)工作，擴(kuò)大中小學(xué)教師職稱制度改革試點(diǎn)，提高中小學(xué)教師隊(duì)伍整體素質(zhì)。首屆免費(fèi)師范生全部到中小學(xué)任教，90%以上在中西部。

A three-year action plan for preschool education was carried out, and the number of children enrolled in preschool increased.We vigorously developed vocational education.We strengthened training of primary and secondary school teachers, expanded trials of reforming the system of conferring professional titles on them, and raised their overall quality.All the graduates of 2011 who received tuition-free education in teachers' colleges and universities went to teach in primary and secondary schools, with over 90% of them working in central and western China.大力加強(qiáng)文化建設(shè)。中央財(cái)政加大對(duì)文化惠民工程的支持，各地對(duì)公益性文化事業(yè)投入顯著增加。擴(kuò)大公共文化設(shè)施免費(fèi)開(kāi)放范圍，服務(wù)面逐步拓展。文化體制改革繼續(xù)推進(jìn)，文化產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展。文物保護(hù)、非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)和傳承取得重要進(jìn)展。大力加強(qiáng)群眾體育設(shè)施建設(shè)，全民健身活動(dòng)蓬勃開(kāi)展，體育事業(yè)取得新成績(jī)。

We vigorously strengthened development of the cultural sector.The central government increased financial support for cultural programs that benefit the people, and local governments significantly increased spending on nonprofit cultural programs.We increased the number of public cultural facilities open to the public free of charge, and steadily expanded their services.We continued to reform the cultural system, and cultural industries developed rapidly.Major progress was made in protecting cultural relics and in protecting and passing on China's intangible cultural heritage.We put great effort into building public sports facilities, vigorously developed fitness activities across the country, and made new achievements in sports activities.積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革發(fā)展。基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)覆蓋范圍繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大，13億城鄉(xiāng)居民參保，全民醫(yī)保體系初步形成。政策范圍內(nèi)住院費(fèi)用報(bào)銷比例提高，重大疾病醫(yī)療保障病種范圍進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大。各級(jí)財(cái)政對(duì)城鎮(zhèn)居民醫(yī)保和新農(nóng)合的補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由每人每年120元提高到200元。國(guó)家基本藥物制度在政府辦基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)現(xiàn)全覆蓋，基本藥物安全性提高、價(jià)格下降。公立醫(yī)院改革試點(diǎn)有序進(jìn)行。基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系基本建成。基本公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)均等化取得新進(jìn)展。

We actively yet prudently carried out reform and development of medical and healthcare services.We further expanded coverage of basic medical insurance, so that now 1.3 billion urban and rural residents are covered.A medical insurance system that covers the whole population is emerging.We raised the reimbursement rate for hospitalization expenses covered by relevant policies, and expanded the range of major diseases for which medical treatment is insured.Governments at all levels increased per-person subsidies for the medical insurance for non-working urban residents and the new type of rural cooperative medical care system from 120 yuan per year to 200 yuan per year.We implemented the national system for basic drugs in all community-level medical and health care institutions run by the government, and basic drugs became safer and more affordable.We progressed in an orderly fashion with trials of reforming public hospitals, basically established a community medical and health care service system, and made progress in providing equal access to basic public health services.(四)切實(shí)保障和改善民生，解決關(guān)系群眾切身利益的問(wèn)題。

4.Ensuring and improving the people's wellbeing and solving problems that affect their interests.我們堅(jiān)持民生優(yōu)先，努力使發(fā)展成果惠及全體人民，促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平正義。

We continued to put the people's wellbeing first, worked hard to bring the benefit of development to all, and promoted social fairness and justice.實(shí)施更加積極的就業(yè)政策。多渠道開(kāi)發(fā)就業(yè)崗位，全力推動(dòng)以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動(dòng)就業(yè)，加強(qiáng)職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)和公共就業(yè)服務(wù)體系建設(shè)。加大財(cái)政、稅收、金融等方面支持力度，著力促進(jìn)高校畢業(yè)生、農(nóng)民工等重點(diǎn)人群就業(yè)。高校畢業(yè)生初次就業(yè)率77.8%，同比提高1.2個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。農(nóng)民工總量2.53億人，比上年增長(zhǎng)4.4%，其中，外出農(nóng)民工1.59億人，增長(zhǎng)3.4%。We implemented a more active employment policy.We created jobs through a variety of channels, expanded job opportunities through the creation of new businesses, strengthened vocational skills training, and improved the public employment service system.We increased fiscal, taxation, and financial support to promote employment of university graduates, rural migrant workers, and other key groups.The employment rate for college graduates reached 77.8%, an increase of 1.2 percentage points over the previous year.The number of rural workers totaled 253 million, an increase of 4.4% over the previous year, of whom 159 million worked in towns and cities, up 3.4%.積極調(diào)整收入分配關(guān)系。著力提高低收入群眾收入。農(nóng)村居民人均純收入實(shí)際增速為1985年以來(lái)最高，連續(xù)兩年快于城鎮(zhèn)居民；各地普遍較大幅度調(diào)高最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；連續(xù)第7年提高企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金，全年人均增加1680元，5700多萬(wàn)人受益；進(jìn)一步提高城鄉(xiāng)低保補(bǔ)助水平以及部分優(yōu)撫對(duì)象撫恤和生活補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對(duì)全國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)低保對(duì)象、農(nóng)村五保供養(yǎng)對(duì)象等8600多萬(wàn)名困難群眾發(fā)放一次性生活補(bǔ)貼；建立社會(huì)救助和保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與物價(jià)上漲掛鉤的聯(lián)動(dòng)機(jī)制。擴(kuò)大中等收入者所占比重。

We adjusted income distribution.We worked hard to increase the income of low-income people.Per capita net income of rural residents in real terms registered the fastest growth since 1985, outpacing urban residents for the second straight year.We significantly increased the minimum wage across the country.Basic pensions for enterprise retirees increased for the seventh consecutive year, with an average increase of 1,680 yuan per person for the year, which benefited over 57 million people.We further increased subsistence allowances for rural and urban residents and subsidies and living allowances for some entitled groups, and granted lump-sum living allowances to more than 86 million people in need, including subsistence allowance recipients in urban and rural areas and childless and infirm rural residents who are entitled to five forms of support(food, clothing, medical care, housing, and burial expenses).We instituted a mechanism to increase social aid and social security benefits when consumer prices rise.The proportion of middle-income earners in the whole population increased.個(gè)人所得稅起征點(diǎn)從2000元提高到3500元。降低900多萬(wàn)個(gè)體工商戶稅負(fù)。中央決定將農(nóng)民人均純收入2300元(2010年不變價(jià))作為新的國(guó)家扶貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，比2009年提高92%，把更多農(nóng)村低收入人口納入扶貧范圍，這是社會(huì)的巨大進(jìn)步。

We raised the salary threshold for personal income tax from 2,000 yuan to 3,500 yuan.We reduced the tax burden on over nine million self-employed people.The central government set the new poverty line at 2,300 yuan, which was the per capita net income in rural areas at 2010 prices, an increase of 92% over 2009.This resulted in more low-income people being covered by the government's poverty reduction program, which constitutes tremendous social progress.加強(qiáng)社會(huì)保障體系建設(shè)。社會(huì)保障覆蓋范圍繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大，全國(guó)參加城鎮(zhèn)基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)、失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)、工傷保險(xiǎn)和生育保險(xiǎn)人數(shù)大幅增加。2147個(gè)縣(市、區(qū))實(shí)施城鎮(zhèn)居民社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)，1334萬(wàn)人參保，641萬(wàn)人領(lǐng)取養(yǎng)老金。2343個(gè)縣(市、區(qū))開(kāi)展新型農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)，3.58億人參保，9880萬(wàn)人領(lǐng)取養(yǎng)老金，覆蓋面擴(kuò)大到60%以上。We bolstered the development of the social security system.We continued to expand coverage of social security, and the number of people covered by basic old-age insurance for urban residents, unemployment insurance, workers' compensation and maternity insurance rose substantially nationwide.We carried out trials of old-age insurance for non-working urban residents in 2,147 counties and county-level cities and districts, covering 13.34 million residents, and 6.41 million residents received pensions.We launched trials of a new type of old-age insurance for rural residents in 2,343 counties and county-level cities and districts, covering 358 million people, and 98.8 million people received pensions.We extended coverage of this insurance to more than 60% of China's counties.解決了500多萬(wàn)名集體企業(yè)退休人員養(yǎng)老保障的歷史遺留問(wèn)題。將312萬(wàn)名企業(yè)“老工傷”人員和工亡職工供養(yǎng)親屬納入工傷保險(xiǎn)統(tǒng)籌管理。養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)跨地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移接續(xù)工作有序推進(jìn)。社會(huì)保障體系不斷健全，向制度全覆蓋邁出重大步伐，這是推進(jìn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化取得的重要成就。

We solved longstanding problems concerning pensions for more than five million retirees of collectively owned enterprises.We included 3.12 million persons who suffer from past work-related injuries and dependents of employees who lost their lives in work-related accidents in workers' compensation insurance.We worked in an orderly way to make it possible to transfer pension accounts between localities.We continued to improve the social security system and made significant progress in extending coverage to all residents.This was an important achievement for ensuring equal access to basic public services for all.大力推進(jìn)保障性安居工程建設(shè)。出臺(tái)關(guān)于保障性安居工程建設(shè)和管理的指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)，完善財(cái)政投入、土地供應(yīng)、信貸支持、稅費(fèi)減免等政策，著力提高規(guī)劃建設(shè)和工程質(zhì)量水平，制定保障性住房分配、管理、退出等制度和辦法。中央財(cái)政安排資金1713億元，是2010年的2.2倍，全年城鎮(zhèn)保障性住房基本建成432萬(wàn)套，新開(kāi)工建設(shè)1043萬(wàn)套。

We accelerated the construction of low-income housing.We adopted guidelines on construction and management of low-income housing;improved policies on government input, land supply, credit support, and tax and fee reductions;strove to improve project planning and construction quality;and introduced a system and measures for distributing, managing, and recalling low-income housing.The central government allocated 171.3 billion yuan for these purposes, an increase of 120% over 2010.We basically completed 4.32 million units of low-income urban housing and began construction on a further 10.43 million units.努力維護(hù)社會(huì)公共安全。加強(qiáng)安全生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管，做好重特大安全事故的處置、調(diào)查、問(wèn)責(zé)工作。完善食品安全監(jiān)管體制機(jī)制，集中打擊、整治非法添加和違法生產(chǎn)加工行為。堅(jiān)持以人為本、服務(wù)為先，加強(qiáng)和創(chuàng)新社會(huì)管理，著力排查化解各類社會(huì)矛盾，依法打擊違法犯罪活動(dòng)，保持社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定。

We worked hard to safeguard public safety.We intensified oversight and supervision of workplace safety and ensured that major accidents were fully investigated and dealt with and those responsible were held accountable.We improved the system and mechanisms for oversight and supervision of food safety, and gave high priority to cracking down on the use of illegal additives and the illegal production and processing of food.We put people and services first, strengthened and made innovations in social administration, strove to investigate and resolve social conflicts, cracked down on crime in accordance with the law, and maintained social harmony and stability.(五)深入推進(jìn)改革開(kāi)放，為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展注入新的活力和動(dòng)力。5.Deepening reform and opening up and injecting new vitality and impetus into economic and social development.我們按照“十二五”規(guī)劃提出的改革任務(wù)，加大攻堅(jiān)力度，推動(dòng)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)的改革。We intensified efforts to overcome difficulties and carried forward reform in major areas and key links to meet reform targets set forth in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan.完善公共財(cái)政體系特別是預(yù)算管理制度，把預(yù)算外資金全部納入預(yù)算管理，擴(kuò)大國(guó)有資本經(jīng)營(yíng)預(yù)算實(shí)施范圍，深化部門(mén)預(yù)算改革，推進(jìn)政府預(yù)算、決算公開(kāi)，98個(gè)中央部門(mén)和北京、上海、廣東、陜西等省市公開(kāi)“三公經(jīng)費(fèi)”。在全國(guó)范圍實(shí)施原油、天然氣資源稅從價(jià)計(jì)征改革，出臺(tái)營(yíng)業(yè)稅改征增值稅試點(diǎn)方案。把跨境貿(mào)易人民幣結(jié)算范圍擴(kuò)大到全國(guó)，啟動(dòng)境外直接投資人民幣結(jié)算試點(diǎn)，開(kāi)展外商直接投資人民幣結(jié)算業(yè)務(wù)。

We improved the public finance system, particularly the budget management system.We put all extrabudgetary funds under budgetary management;expanded the scope of budgets for the use of state capital;deepened the reform requiring government departments to prepare their own budgets;and moved ahead with publicly releasing government budgets and final accounts.Ninety-eight central government departments as well as provincial and municipal governments, including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong and Shaanxi, publicly released information regarding their spending on official overseas trips, official vehicles and official hospitality.We carried out a price-based reform of resource taxes on crude oil and natural gas nationwide, and introduced a plan to replace business tax with value-added tax(VAT)on a trial basis.We extended the use of RMB in cross-border trade settlement to the whole country, launched trials for settling overseas direct investment accounts in RMB, and began settling foreign direct investment accounts in RMB.深化集體林權(quán)制度改革，啟動(dòng)國(guó)有林場(chǎng)改革試點(diǎn)，依法開(kāi)展草原承包經(jīng)營(yíng)登記。推進(jìn)水利建設(shè)管理體制改革，創(chuàng)新水資源管理體制。深化國(guó)有企業(yè)改革。啟動(dòng)實(shí)施電網(wǎng)主輔分離改革重組以及上網(wǎng)電價(jià)和非居民用電價(jià)格調(diào)整方案。基本完成鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)機(jī)構(gòu)改革。事業(yè)單位分類改革有序開(kāi)展。

We deepened reform of tenure in collective forests, launched a trial reform of state forestry farms, and started registration for contracting pastureland in accordance with the law.We pressed ahead with reform of the system for managing the construction of water conservancy facilities and made innovations in the system for managing water resources;and deepened reform of state-owned enterprises.We carried out reform to restructure power grids by separating their main business from auxiliary services and implemented the plan to adjust the prices of on-grid electricity and non-household electricity.We basically completed the reform of county and town government bodies, and proceeded with the reform of public institutions through classification in an orderly manner.我們堅(jiān)持出口和進(jìn)口并重，利用外資和對(duì)外投資并舉，全面提升開(kāi)放型經(jīng)濟(jì)水平。積極推進(jìn)市場(chǎng)多元化戰(zhàn)略，努力優(yōu)化貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)。全年貨物進(jìn)出口總額 3.64萬(wàn)億美元，增長(zhǎng)22.5%，其中，出口增長(zhǎng)20.3%，進(jìn)口增長(zhǎng)24.9%，貿(mào)易順差進(jìn)一步下降。實(shí)際使用外商直接投資1160億美元，服務(wù)業(yè)和 中西部地區(qū)比重提高。企業(yè)“走出去”步伐加快，非金融類對(duì)外直接投資601億美元。積極參與國(guó)際和區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合作，多邊雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系繼續(xù)深化。We continued to put equal emphasis on exports and imports, encouraged foreign investment in China and Chinese investment overseas, and made comprehensive improvements to China's open economy.We actively pursued the strategy of diversifying markets and improved the trade mix.China's total volume of trade in goods totaled US$ 3.64 trillion for the year, up 22.5%.Exports and imports grew by 20.3% and 24.9%, respectively, and our trade surplus decreased further.Total utilized foreign direct investment was $116 billion, and a larger proportion of it went to service industries and the central and western regions.Chinese companies expanded their overseas presence, and non-financial outward direct investment reached $60.1 billion.We actively participated in international and regional economic cooperation and continued to deepen multilateral and bilateral economic and trade relations.我們?cè)诿裰鞣ㄖ平ㄔO(shè)、國(guó)防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)、港澳臺(tái)工作和外交工作等方面，都取得了卓有成效的進(jìn)展。

We made outstanding progress in improving democracy and the legal system;strengthening national defense and building up the armed forces;and in our work related to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and our diplomatic work.過(guò)去一年的成績(jī)來(lái)之不易，顯示了中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義的優(yōu)越性和生命力，增強(qiáng)了中華民族的自豪感和凝聚力。這是以胡錦濤同志為總書(shū)記的黨中央科學(xué)決策、正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的結(jié)果，是全黨全軍全國(guó)各族人民齊心協(xié)力、頑強(qiáng)拼搏的結(jié)果。

Our hard-won achievements over the past year are a testament to the strength and vitality of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and have enhanced the pride and cohesiveness of the Chinese nation.We owe these achievements to the sound decisions made by the Party Central Committee, with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, and its correct leadership, as well as the concerted efforts and hard work of the Party, the armed forces, and the people of all ethnic groups in China.我代表國(guó)務(wù)院，向全國(guó)各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團(tuán)體和各界人士，表示誠(chéng)摯的感謝！向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門(mén)特別行政區(qū)同胞、臺(tái)灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠(chéng)摯的感謝！向關(guān)心和支持中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的各國(guó)政府、國(guó)際組織和各國(guó)朋友，表示誠(chéng)摯的感謝！On behalf of the State Council, I wish to sincerely thank the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, the democratic parties, people's organizations, and people from all sectors of society.I wish to express my sincere gratitude to our compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, as well as overseas Chinese.I also wish to express my sincere appreciation to governments of other countries, international organizations, and foreign friends around the world who show understanding for and support China in its pursuit of modernization.我們也清醒地看到，我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展仍然面臨不少困難和挑戰(zhàn)。從國(guó)際看，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇進(jìn)程艱難曲折，國(guó)際金融危機(jī)還在發(fā)展，一些國(guó)家主權(quán)債務(wù)危 機(jī)短期內(nèi)難以緩解。主要發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體失業(yè)率居高難下，增長(zhǎng)動(dòng)力不足，新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體面臨通貨膨脹和經(jīng)濟(jì)增速回落的雙重壓力。主要貨幣匯率劇烈波動(dòng)，大宗商品價(jià)格 大幅震蕩。國(guó)際貿(mào)易投資保護(hù)主義強(qiáng)化。從國(guó)內(nèi)看，解決體制性結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾，緩解發(fā)展不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)的問(wèn)題更為迫切、難度更大，經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行中又出現(xiàn)不 少新情況新問(wèn)題。

We are keenly aware that China still faces many difficulties and challenges in economic and social development.Internationally, the road to global economic recovery will be tortuous, the global financial crisis is still evolving, and some countries will find it hard to ease the sovereign debt crisis any time soon.The unemployment rate remains high in the major developed economies, and they lack impetus for growth.Emerging economies face the dual pressures of inflation and slowing economic growth.The exchange rates of major currencies and the prices of important commodities are experiencing sharp fluctuations.Protectionism in international trade and investment is mounting.Domestically, it has become more urgent but also more difficult to solve institutional and structural problems and alleviate the problem of unbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development.In addition, China's economy is encountering new problems.主要是：經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)存在下行壓力，物價(jià)水平仍處高位，房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)調(diào)控處于關(guān)鍵階段，農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展、農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收難度加大，就業(yè)總量壓力與結(jié)構(gòu)性矛 盾并存，一些企業(yè)特別是小型微型企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)困難增多，部分行業(yè)產(chǎn)能過(guò)剩凸顯，能源消費(fèi)總量增長(zhǎng)過(guò)快。一些長(zhǎng)期矛盾與短期問(wèn)題相互交織，結(jié)構(gòu)性因素和周期性因 素相互作用，國(guó)內(nèi)問(wèn)題和國(guó)際問(wèn)題相互關(guān)聯(lián)，宏觀調(diào)控面臨更加復(fù)雜的局面。

There is downward pressure on economic growth.Prices remain high.Regulation of the real estate market is in a crucial stage.It is getting harder to maintain steady development of agriculture and sustain increases in rural incomes.Pressure to increase total employment coexists with structural shortages of qualified personnel in some industries.Some enterprises, especially small and micro businesses, face increasing difficulties in their operations.Some industries are plagued by excess production capacity.Total energy consumption is growing excessively fast.Moreover, some long-term and short-term problems are interwoven;structural and cyclical factors affect each other;domestic and international problems have become interrelated;and our macro-control work faces a more complex situation.政府工作仍存在一些缺點(diǎn)和不足，節(jié)能減排、物價(jià)調(diào)控目標(biāo)沒(méi)有完成；征地拆遷、安全生產(chǎn)、食品藥品安全、收入分配等方面問(wèn)題還很突出，群眾反映強(qiáng)烈；政府管理和服務(wù)水平有待提高，廉政建設(shè)亟需加強(qiáng)。

There are still some deficiencies and shortcomings in the government's work.Targets for conserving energy, reducing emissions, and controlling prices are not being met.Problems concerning land expropriation, housing demolition, workplace safety, food and drug safety, and income distribution are still very serious and the people are still very concerned about them.Government administration and services need to be improved, and efforts to build clean government need to be intensified.我們一定要以對(duì)國(guó)家和人民高度負(fù)責(zé)的精神，采取更加有力的措施，切實(shí)解決存在的問(wèn)題，努力把各項(xiàng)工作做得更好，決不辜負(fù)人民的重托。

We must act with a strong sense of responsibility toward the country and the people, take more effective steps to resolve these problems, strive to do all our work better, and truly live up to the people's expectations.二、2012年工作總體部署 II.Major Steps to Be Taken in Government Work in 2012 今年是“十二五”時(shí)期承前啟后的重要一年，也是本屆政府任期的最后一年。我們要恪盡職守、銳意進(jìn)取、攻堅(jiān)克難、決不懈怠，交出一份人民滿意的答卷。

This year is an important year of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, and the last year of the term of my government.We must dedicate ourselves to our duties, forge ahead with determination, tackle difficult problems directly, and work diligently to achieve results that satisfy the people.我國(guó)發(fā)展仍處于重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期，在較長(zhǎng)時(shí)期內(nèi)繼續(xù)保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展具備不少有利條件。工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化和農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化快速推進(jìn)，消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)和產(chǎn)業(yè) 結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)蘊(yùn)藏著巨大的需求潛力；經(jīng)過(guò)30多年改革開(kāi)放，我國(guó)發(fā)展建立了良好的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)和體制條件，宏觀調(diào)控經(jīng)驗(yàn)不斷豐富，企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力和抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力明顯提 高；東部地區(qū)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展能力增強(qiáng)，中西部地區(qū)和東北等老工業(yè)基地發(fā)展?jié)摿τ行蜥尫牛唤?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的傳統(tǒng)優(yōu)勢(shì)依然存在，勞動(dòng)力資源豐富、素質(zhì)提高；財(cái)政收支狀況良 好，金融體系運(yùn)行穩(wěn)健，社會(huì)資金比較充裕。We are still in an important period of strategic opportunities for China's development, and there are a number of favorable conditions for us to maintain steady and robust economic development for a long time.Industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization are proceeding rapidly, and improvements in the consumption pattern and the industrial structure will create huge potential demand.In the course of over 30 years of reform and opening up, we have built a solid material foundation and institutional conditions for development and gained rich experience in macro-control.Our enterprises have become significantly more competitive and resilient.The eastern region has greater capacity for innovation and development, and the development potential of the central and western regions and the old industrial bases in northeast China is being constantly unleashed.We still have our traditional strengths in economic development, as well as rich human resources and a more skilled workforce.We have a good balance between government revenue and expenditures and a sound financial system, and there is ample nongovernmental capital.世界經(jīng)濟(jì)政治格局正在發(fā)生深刻變化，和平、發(fā)展、合作仍然是時(shí)代潮流，總體上有利于我國(guó)和平發(fā)展。我們要堅(jiān)定信心，善于運(yùn)用有利條件和積極因素，繼續(xù)抓住和用好重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期，推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，不斷增強(qiáng)我國(guó)的綜合國(guó)力和國(guó)際影響力。

The global economic and political patterns are undergoing profound changes;peace, development, and cooperation remain the underlying trends of the times, and overall the situation is favorable for China's peaceful development.We need to have firm confidence, capitalize on favorable conditions and factors, and continue to grasp and make the most of this important period of strategic opportunities to promote steady and robust economic development, and continue to enhance China's overall strength and its international influence.我們要高舉中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟，以鄧小平理論和“三個(gè)代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)，加強(qiáng)和改善宏觀調(diào)控，繼續(xù)處理好保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)和管理通脹預(yù)期的關(guān)系，加快推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變和經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，著力擴(kuò)大國(guó)內(nèi)需求特別是消費(fèi)需求，著力加 強(qiáng)自主創(chuàng)新和節(jié)能減排，著力深化改革開(kāi)放，著力保障和改善民生，全面推進(jìn)社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會(huì)建設(shè)以及生態(tài)文明建設(shè)，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展和物價(jià)總水平基本穩(wěn)定，保持社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定，以經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的優(yōu)異成績(jī)迎接黨的十八大勝利召開(kāi)。

We must hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide, thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, make progress while maintaining stability, and strengthen and improve macro-control.We will continue to balance maintaining steady and robust economic development, adjusting the economic structure, and managing inflation expectations;accelerate the transformation of the pattern of economic development and adjustment of the economic structure;vigorously expand domestic demand, particularly consumer demand;make every effort to strengthen innovation, energy conservation, and emissions reduction;and strive to deepen reform and opening up and ensure and improve the people's wellbeing.We will comprehensively advance socialist economic development, political, cultural and social progress, and ecological awareness.We will strive to achieve steady and robust economic development and overall price stability, maintain social harmony and stability, and greet the coming Eighteenth National Congress of the CPC with outstanding achievements in economic and social development.今年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的主要預(yù)期目標(biāo)是：國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長(zhǎng)7.5%；城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)900萬(wàn)人以上，城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率控制在4.6%以內(nèi)；居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格 漲幅控制在4%左右；進(jìn)出口總額增長(zhǎng)10%左右，國(guó)際收支狀況繼續(xù)改善。同時(shí)，要在產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、自主創(chuàng)新、節(jié)能減排等方面取得新進(jìn)展，城鄉(xiāng)居民收入實(shí)際 增長(zhǎng)和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)保持同步。

The main targets for this year's economic and social development are as follows: to increase GDP by 7.5%, create more than 9 million new jobs in towns and cities, keep the registered urban unemployment rate at or below 4.6%, hold increases in the CPI to around 4%, increase the volume of total exports and imports by around 10%, and continue to improve our balance of payments.At the same time, we will make further progress in industrial restructuring, innovation, energy conservation, and emissions reduction, and ensure that both urban and rural residents' real incomes increase in line with economic growth.這里要著重說(shuō)明，國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長(zhǎng)目標(biāo)略微調(diào)低，主要是要與“十二五”規(guī)劃目標(biāo)逐步銜接，引導(dǎo)各方面把工作著力點(diǎn)放到加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式、切 實(shí)提高經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展質(zhì)量和效益上來(lái)，以利于實(shí)現(xiàn)更長(zhǎng)時(shí)期、更高水平、更好質(zhì)量發(fā)展。提出居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格漲幅控制在4%左右，綜合考慮了輸入性通脹因素、要素成本 上升影響以及居民承受能力，也為價(jià)格改革預(yù)留一定空間。

Here I wish to stress that in setting a slightly lower GDP growth rate, we hope to make it fit with targets in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, and to guide people in all sectors to focus their work on accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development and making economic development more sustainable and efficient, so as to achieve higher-level, higher-quality development over a longer period of time.In projecting a CPI increase of around 4%, we have taken into account imported inflation, rising costs of factors of production, and people's ability to absorb the impact of price increases, while leaving room for the effect of price reforms.綜合考慮各方面情況，要繼續(xù)實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策，根據(jù)形勢(shì)變化適時(shí)適度預(yù)調(diào)微調(diào)，進(jìn)一步提高政策的針對(duì)性、靈活性和前瞻性。

Taking into consideration all relevant factors, we will continue to follow a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, carry out timely and appropriate anticipatory adjustments and fine-tuning, and make our policies more targeted, flexible, and anticipatory.繼續(xù)實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策。保持適度的財(cái)政赤字和國(guó)債規(guī)模。今年擬安排財(cái)政赤字8000億元，赤字率下降到1.5%左右，其中中央財(cái)政赤字 5500億元，代發(fā)地方債2500億元。優(yōu)化財(cái)政支出結(jié)構(gòu)、突出重點(diǎn)，更加注重向民生領(lǐng)域傾斜，加大對(duì)教育、文化、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、就業(yè)、社會(huì)保障、保障性安居 工程等方面的投入。更加注重加強(qiáng)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，加大對(duì)“三農(nóng)”、欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)、科技創(chuàng)新和節(jié)能環(huán)保、水利、地質(zhì)找礦等的支持。更加注重勤儉節(jié)約，嚴(yán)格控制“三公 經(jīng)費(fèi)”，大力精簡(jiǎn)會(huì)議和文件，深化公務(wù)用車制度改革，進(jìn)一步降低行政成本。We will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy.We will keep the deficit and government debt at appropriate levels.This year, we are projecting a deficit of 800 billion yuan, a decrease to around 1.5% of GDP, which consists of a 550 billion yuan central government deficit and 250 billion yuan of bonds issued on behalf of local governments.We will improve the structure of expenditures and give priority to spending in key areas.We will increase spending on areas which are important to the people's wellbeing, such as education, culture, medical and health care, employment, social security, and low-income housing projects.We will pay greater attention to strengthening weak links, and increase funding for agriculture, rural areas, farmers, underdeveloped areas, scientific and technological innovation, energy conservation, environmental protection, water conservancy, and geological prospecting.We will be more economical;strictly restrict spending on official overseas trips, vehicles for official use, and official hospitality;greatly reduce meetings and documents;deepen reform of the system for the use of official cars;and further reduce administrative costs.繼續(xù)控制樓堂館所建設(shè)規(guī)模和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，壓縮大型運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)場(chǎng)館建設(shè)投入。全面加強(qiáng)對(duì)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域、重點(diǎn)部門(mén)和重點(diǎn)資金的審計(jì)。實(shí)施結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅。認(rèn)真落實(shí)和完 善支持小型微型企業(yè)和個(gè)體工商戶發(fā)展的各項(xiàng)稅收優(yōu)惠政策，開(kāi)展?fàn)I業(yè)稅改征增值稅試點(diǎn)。繼續(xù)對(duì)行政事業(yè)性收費(fèi)和政府性基金進(jìn)行清理、整合和規(guī)范。加強(qiáng)地方政 府性債務(wù)管理和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范。按照分類管理、區(qū)別對(duì)待、逐步化解的原則，繼續(xù)妥善處理存量債務(wù)。

We will continue to restrict the construction of office buildings in terms of both size and grades, and reduce spending on building large gymnasiums and stadiums.We will also comprehensively strengthen auditing of key areas, sectors, and funds.We will introduce structural tax reductions.We will fully implement and improve all preferential tax policies to support the development of small, micro and individually owned businesses, and carry out pilot projects to replace business tax with VAT.We will continue to investigate the collection and use of administrative fees and operations of government-managed funds, merge them where necessary, and ensure fees are collected and government-managed funds are operated in a standardized way.We will strengthen supervision of local government debt and guard against risks.We will continue to deal with outstanding debts properly by classifying them into different categories and managing them accordingly, dealing with different situations differently, and resolving problems gradually.進(jìn)一步清理規(guī)范地方政府融資平臺(tái)公司。堅(jiān)決禁止各級(jí)政府以各種形式違規(guī)擔(dān)保、承諾。同時(shí)，把短期應(yīng)對(duì)措施和長(zhǎng)期制度建設(shè)結(jié)合起來(lái)，嚴(yán)格控制地方政府新增債務(wù)，將地方政府債務(wù)收支分類納入預(yù)算管理。We will further investigate and standardize financing companies run by local governments.Governments at all levels are prohibited from making guarantees and promises in this respect in violation of laws and regulations.At the same time, we will both take short-term measures and build permanent systems, strictly limit new local government debt, and place revenue and expenditures of local government debt under budgetary management on the basis of their type.繼續(xù)實(shí)施穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策。按照總量適度、審慎靈活的要求，兼顧促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、保持物價(jià)穩(wěn)定和防范金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。綜合運(yùn)用各種貨幣政策工具，調(diào)節(jié)好貨幣信貸供求，保持社會(huì)融資規(guī)模合理增長(zhǎng)。廣義貨幣預(yù)期增長(zhǎng)14%。優(yōu)化信貸結(jié)構(gòu)，支持國(guó)家重點(diǎn)在建、續(xù)建項(xiàng)目和保障性安居工程建設(shè)，加強(qiáng)對(duì)符合產(chǎn) 業(yè)政策、有市場(chǎng)需求的企業(yè)特別是小型微型企業(yè)的信貸支持，切實(shí)降低實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)融資成本。

We will continue to implement a prudent monetary policy.We aim to promote steady and robust economic development, keep prices stable, and guard against financial risks by keeping the total money and credit supply at an appropriate level, and taking a cautious yet flexible approach.We will employ a full range of monetary policy tools, appropriately adjust the supply and demand of money and credit, and maintain proper growth of financing from nongovernment sources.The broad money supply is projected to increase by 14%.We will improve the credit structure, support key state projects that are under construction or expansion and low-income housing projects, and increase credit support to enterprises, especially small and micro businesses, whose operations are in accordance with industrial policies and whose products have market demand.繼續(xù)嚴(yán)格控制對(duì)高耗能、高污染和產(chǎn)能過(guò)剩行業(yè)的貸款。完善人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制，增強(qiáng)人民幣匯率雙向浮動(dòng)彈性，保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上的 基本穩(wěn)定。大力發(fā)展外匯市場(chǎng)，豐富外匯產(chǎn)品。為市場(chǎng)主體提供更多的匯率避險(xiǎn)工具，管好用好外匯儲(chǔ)備。建立健全系統(tǒng)性金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范和監(jiān)管協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制，增強(qiáng)抵御 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力。加強(qiáng)跨境資本流動(dòng)監(jiān)控。規(guī)范各類借貸行為，引導(dǎo)民間融資健康發(fā)展。

We will effectively reduce the financing costs of the real economy, and continue to strictly restrict loans to industries that are energy intensive, have high emissions or possess excess production capacity.We will improve the mechanism for setting the RMB exchange rate, make the floating exchange rate regime more flexible, and keep the RMB exchange rate basically stable at an appropriate and balanced level.We will vigorously develop the foreign exchange market, diversify foreign exchange products, and provide more tools for market participants to hedge foreign exchange risks.We will manage and utilize our foreign exchange reserves well.We will set up a sound mechanism for preventing systemic financial risks and for coordinating financial oversight and supervision to strengthen our ability to withstand risks.We will tighten oversight on cross-border flows of capital, standardize all types of lending activities, and guide the sound development of private financing.全面做好今年的工作，必須堅(jiān)持突出主題、貫穿主線、統(tǒng)籌兼顧、協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn)，把穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、控物價(jià)、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、惠民生、抓改革、促和諧更好地結(jié)合起來(lái)。

To ensure success in all our work this year, we must uphold the theme of scientific development, take transforming the pattern of economic development as the main thread, adopt a holistic approach, and coordinate all our work.We must coordinate efforts to achieve steady growth, control prices, adjust the economic structure, improve the people's wellbeing, implement reform, and promote harmony.穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)，就是要堅(jiān)持?jǐn)U大內(nèi)需、穩(wěn)定外需，大力發(fā)展實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)，努力克服國(guó)內(nèi)外各種不穩(wěn)定不確定因素的影響，及時(shí)解決苗頭性、傾向性問(wèn)題，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行。

To achieve steady growth, we will continue to expand domestic demand and keep foreign demand stable, vigorously develop the real economy, work hard to counter the impact of various factors of instability and uncertainty at home and abroad, promptly resolve emerging issues that signal unfavorable trends, and maintain stable economic performance.控物價(jià)，就是要繼續(xù)采取綜合措施，保持物價(jià)總水平基本穩(wěn)定，防止價(jià)格走勢(shì)反彈。To control prices, we will continue to take comprehensive measures to maintain basic overall price stability and prevent a rebound of inflation.調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，就是要有扶有控，提高經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)質(zhì)量和效益，增強(qiáng)發(fā)展的協(xié)調(diào)性和可持續(xù)性。To adjust the economic structure, we will support development in some areas while limiting growth in others, improve the quality and efficiency of economic growth, and make development more coordinated and sustainable.惠民生，就是要堅(jiān)持把保障改善民生作為工作的根本出發(fā)點(diǎn)和落腳點(diǎn)，把促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平正義放在更加突出的位置，切實(shí)辦成一些讓人民群眾得實(shí)惠的好事實(shí)事。

To improve the people's wellbeing, we will continue to take ensuring and improving the people's wellbeing as the fundamental starting point and goal of our work, give higher priority to promoting social fairness and justice, and take a number of initiatives that will bring substantive benefits to the people.抓改革，就是要以更大的決心和氣力推進(jìn)改革開(kāi)放，著力解決影響經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期 健康發(fā)展的體制性、結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾，在一些重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)取得新突破。以開(kāi)放促改革、促發(fā)展、促創(chuàng)新。

To implement reform, we will carry out reform and opening up with greater determination and effort, solve institutional and structural problems that hinder long-term sound economic and social development, and make breakthroughs in key areas and crucial links.We will spur reform, development and innovation through opening up.促和諧，就是要正確處理改革、發(fā)展、穩(wěn)定三者關(guān)系，積極有效化解各種矛盾和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隱患，防止局部性問(wèn)題演變成全局性問(wèn)題，促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定。

To promote harmony, we will properly balance reform, development, and stability;effectively defuse various types of conflicts, risks, and dangers;prevent isolated problems from growing into major ones;and promote social harmony and stability.三、2012年主要任務(wù)

III.Major Tasks for 2012(一)促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展

1.Promoting steady and robust economic development 擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需特別是消費(fèi)需求是我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展的根本立足點(diǎn)，是今年工作的重點(diǎn)。Expanding domestic demand, particularly consumer demand, which is essential to ensuring China's long-term, steady, and robust economic development, is the focus of our economic work this year.著力擴(kuò)大消費(fèi)需求。加快構(gòu)建擴(kuò)大消費(fèi)的長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制。大力調(diào)整收入分配格局，增加中低收入者收入，提高居民消費(fèi)能力。完善鼓勵(lì)居民消費(fèi)政策。大力發(fā) 展社會(huì)化養(yǎng)老、家政、物業(yè)、醫(yī)療保健等服務(wù)業(yè)。鼓勵(lì)文化、旅游、健身等消費(fèi)，落實(shí)好帶薪休假制度。積極發(fā)展網(wǎng)絡(luò)購(gòu)物等新型消費(fèi)業(yè)態(tài)。支持引導(dǎo)環(huán)保建材、節(jié) 水潔具、節(jié)能汽車等綠色消費(fèi)。擴(kuò)大消費(fèi)信貸。加強(qiáng)城鄉(xiāng)流通體系和道路、停車場(chǎng)等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。加強(qiáng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全監(jiān)管。改善消費(fèi)環(huán)境，維護(hù)消費(fèi)者合法權(quán)益。

We will work hard to expand consumer demand.We will move faster to set up a permanent mechanism for boosting consumption.We will vigorously adjust income distribution, increase the incomes of low-and middle-income groups, and enhance people's ability to consume.We will improve policies that encourage consumption.We will vigorously develop elderly care, domestic, property management, medical and healthcare services.We will encourage consumer spending on cultural activities, tourism, and fitness;and implement the system of paid vacations.We will actively develop new forms of consumption such as online shopping;support and guide the consumption of green goods such as environmentally friendly building materials, water-saving sanitation products, and energy-efficient vehicles;and expand consumer credit.We will improve the urban-rural logistics system and infrastructural facilities, such as roads and parking lots, strengthen supervision over product quality and safety, improve the consumption environment, and safeguard consumers' legitimate rights and interests.不斷優(yōu)化投資結(jié)構(gòu)。保持投資穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)，促進(jìn)投資和消費(fèi)良性互動(dòng)。認(rèn)真落實(shí)國(guó)務(wù)院關(guān)于鼓勵(lì)引導(dǎo)民間投資新36條，出臺(tái)具有可操作性的實(shí)施細(xì)則。加 強(qiáng)政府投資對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的引領(lǐng)作用，優(yōu)先保證重點(diǎn)在建、續(xù)建項(xiàng)目，有序推進(jìn)國(guó)家重大項(xiàng)目開(kāi)工建設(shè)。把好土地、信貸、節(jié)能、環(huán)保、安全、質(zhì)量等準(zhǔn)入和審核關(guān)，加強(qiáng)對(duì)重大項(xiàng)目特別是政府和國(guó)有投資項(xiàng)目的監(jiān)管、督查，提高投資質(zhì)量和效益。

We will continue to improve the investment structure.We will maintain the steady growth of investment and use investment to promote consumption and vice versa.We will fully implement the Guidelines of the State Council on Encouraging and Guiding the Sound Development of Nongovernmental Investment and adopt specific operating rules for their implementation.We will strengthen the role of government investment in guiding adjustment of the economic structure, ensure funding for key projects that are under construction or expansion, and begin construction on major national projects in an orderly manner.We will tighten standards on market access and the screening and approval process relating to land, credit, energy conservation, environmental protection, safety, and quality;and strengthen supervision and inspections of major projects, particularly those undertaken by governments and state-owned firms, to improve the quality of and returns on such investments.(二)保持物價(jià)總水平基本穩(wěn)定

2.Keeping overall prices basically stable 這是關(guān)系群眾利益和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展全局的重點(diǎn)工作。要在有效實(shí)施宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策、管好貨幣信貸總量、促進(jìn)社會(huì)總供求基本平衡的基礎(chǔ)上，搞好價(jià)格調(diào)控，防止物價(jià)反彈。

This is a key task affecting the people's interests and China's overall economic and social development.We will control prices and prevent inflation from rebounding by effectively carrying out macroeconomic policies, managing the supply of money and credit, and striving for basic equilibrium in aggregate supply and demand.增加生產(chǎn)、保障供給。繼續(xù)把控制食品價(jià)格過(guò)快上漲作為穩(wěn)定物價(jià)的重點(diǎn)。落實(shí)好“米袋子”省長(zhǎng)負(fù)責(zé)制和“菜籃子”市長(zhǎng)負(fù)責(zé)制，保障主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供 給。大中城市要有合理的菜地保有量，穩(wěn)定和提高本地應(yīng)季蔬菜自給水平，同周邊地區(qū)和優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)區(qū)協(xié)作建設(shè)“菜籃子”產(chǎn)品基地。加強(qiáng)重要商品產(chǎn)運(yùn)銷銜接，完善政 府儲(chǔ)備和商業(yè)儲(chǔ)備體系，做好主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品收儲(chǔ)和投放，增強(qiáng)市場(chǎng)調(diào)控能力。

We will increase production and ensure supply.We will continue to make curbing excessive rises in food prices a priority of stabilizing prices.We will effectively carry out the practice of holding provincial governors responsible for the “rice bag”(grain supply)and city mayors for the “vegetable basket”(non-grain food supply)and ensure the supply of major farm products.Large and medium-sized cities should have sufficient farmland for growing vegetables, maintain and raise the proportion of seasonal vegetables sold there that are grown locally, and develop vegetable production bases in collaboration with neighboring areas and areas with suitable conditions.We will strengthen coordination of the production, transportation, and sale of important commodities;improve systems of government reserves and commercial reserves;do a good job purchasing, storing and marketing major agricultural products;and regulate the market better.搞活流通、降低成本。嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行蔬菜等鮮活農(nóng)產(chǎn)品運(yùn)輸綠色通道政策。認(rèn)真落實(shí)對(duì)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品批發(fā)市場(chǎng)、集貿(mào)市場(chǎng)、社區(qū)平價(jià)菜店等的扶持政策，鼓勵(lì)城市連 鎖超市、高校、大型企業(yè)、社區(qū)與農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通企業(yè)、專業(yè)合作社、種養(yǎng)大戶對(duì)接，減少流通環(huán)節(jié)，增加零售網(wǎng)點(diǎn)，充分發(fā)揮流通主渠道作用。

We will improve distribution and reduce distribution costs.We will ensure that the green channel policy for transporting vegetables and other fresh farm products is fully implemented.We will carry out policies to support wholesale agricultural product markets, market fairs, and community-based, low-priced vegetable stores.We will encourage urban chain supermarkets, universities, large enterprises, and communities to establish direct supply contacts with farm product distributors, specialized farmer cooperatives, and large family farms.We will also reduce distribution links and increase retail outlets so that they can play a leading role in distribution.We will deepen reform of the distribution system.We will expand trials of a tax on the income of logistics enterprises after deductions, and improve tax policies on the use of land occupied by facilities for storing major commodities.We will adjust and improve VAT policies for the wholesale and retail of some agricultural products, and promote standardized and information-based distribution.We will adopt a full range of measures to make distribution more efficient and cost-effective so as to benefit both producers and consumers.深化流通體制改革。擴(kuò)大物流企業(yè)營(yíng)業(yè)稅差額納稅試點(diǎn)范圍，完善大宗商品倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)設(shè)施用地稅收政策。調(diào)整完善部分農(nóng)產(chǎn)品批發(fā)、零售增值稅政策，推動(dòng)流通標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、信息化建設(shè)。要多管齊下，切實(shí)把流通效率提上去、中間成本降下來(lái)，真正讓生產(chǎn)者和消費(fèi)者都得到好處。加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管、規(guī)范秩序。重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)對(duì)食品、藥品價(jià)格和醫(yī)療、通信、教育等服務(wù)收費(fèi)的監(jiān)督檢查，堅(jiān)決治理交通運(yùn)輸領(lǐng)域亂收費(fèi)亂罰款，糾正大型零售商業(yè)企業(yè)違規(guī)收費(fèi)行為，嚴(yán)厲查處發(fā)布虛假信息、囤積居奇、操縱價(jià)格、惡意炒作等違法行為。把握好輿論導(dǎo)向，正確引導(dǎo)社會(huì)預(yù)期。

We will tighten oversight and ensure market order.We will give high priority to strengthening oversight and inspection of food and drug prices as well as fees and charges for medical, communications, and educational services;put an end to unauthorized collection of charges and fines in the transportation sector;stop large commercial retailers from illegally collecting fees;and crack down on illegal practices such as releasing false information, hoarding and profiteering, manipulating prices, and speculation.We will lead public opinion and correctly guide public expectations of price movements.(三)促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展和農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收

3.Promoting steady growth of agriculture and sustained increases in rural incomes 在工業(yè)化和城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展進(jìn)程中，要更加重視農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化。必須堅(jiān)持把解決好“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題作為各項(xiàng)工作的重中之重，進(jìn)一步加大強(qiáng)農(nóng)惠農(nóng)富農(nóng)政策力度，鞏固和發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村好形勢(shì)。We need to pay even greater attention to modernizing agriculture in the course of industrialization and urbanization.We must continue to make solving problems related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers a top priority in all of our work;increase policy support to strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and enrich rural areas;and consolidate and build upon achievements in the development of agriculture and rural areas.穩(wěn)定發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，多渠道增加農(nóng)民收入。繼續(xù)開(kāi)展糧食穩(wěn)定增產(chǎn)行動(dòng)，穩(wěn)定糧食種植面積，著力提高單產(chǎn)。引導(dǎo)農(nóng)民調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)，擴(kuò)大緊缺、優(yōu)質(zhì)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品 生產(chǎn)，支持蔬菜、肉蛋奶、水產(chǎn)品等生產(chǎn)。農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼要繼續(xù)增加總量，提高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，擴(kuò)大范圍，完善機(jī)制，新增補(bǔ)貼重點(diǎn)向種養(yǎng)大戶、農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社及各種生產(chǎn)服務(wù) 組織傾斜。We will steadily develop agricultural production and increase farmers' incomes by various means.We will continue to carry out activities to steadily increase grain production, keep the area of land sown to grain crops stable, and increase per-unit yields.We will guide farmers to adjust their mix of crops or livestock, and produce more farm products that are high in quality or short in supply.We will support the production of vegetables, meat, eggs, milk, and aquatic products.We will continue to increase agricultural subsidies, raise their standard, expand their coverage, improve mechanisms for issuing them, and direct new subsidy increases mainly to large family farms, specialized farmer cooperatives, and producer-oriented service organizations.繼續(xù)提高糧食最低收購(gòu)價(jià)，今年小麥、稻谷最低收購(gòu)價(jià)平均每50公斤分別提高7.4元和16元。健全主產(chǎn)區(qū)利益補(bǔ)償機(jī)制，增加糧油、生豬等重要農(nóng) 產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)大縣獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)補(bǔ)助資金。實(shí)施新10年農(nóng)村扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)綱要，按照新的國(guó)家扶貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，全面做好扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)工作，加大集中連片特殊困難地區(qū)扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)力度，讓扶貧 對(duì)象更多地分享改革發(fā)展成果。

We will continue to raise the minimum purchase price for grain, and we will raise the average floor prices for wheat and rice by 7.4 yuan and 16 yuan per 50 kilograms, respectively.We will improve the mechanism for subsidizing major growing areas and increase rewards and subsidies to major counties that produce important agricultural products such as grain, oilseed, and hogs.We will implement the 2011-2020 rural poverty alleviation and development program and, in accordance with the new national standards for poverty alleviation, do a good job of all poverty alleviation and development work, and step up our work in contiguous areas with particular difficulties to ensure that people in poverty share more fruits of reform and development.加快農(nóng)業(yè)科技進(jìn)步。農(nóng)業(yè)的根本出路在科技。要大力推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新，加大對(duì)良種繁育、疫病防控、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研發(fā)和應(yīng)用的支持力 度。加快推進(jìn)基層農(nóng)技推廣服務(wù)體系改革和建設(shè)，健全鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)或區(qū)域性農(nóng)業(yè)公共服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)。完善農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)補(bǔ)貼制度，促進(jìn)先進(jìn)適用農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)到田到戶。建好現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)示 范區(qū)，推進(jìn)高產(chǎn)創(chuàng)建和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化創(chuàng)建。加快農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化步伐。

We will speed up progress in agricultural science and technology.The fundamental way to develop agriculture is through science and technology.We will vigorously promote innovations in agro-science and increase support for R&D on and the application of key technologies for cultivating superior varieties and breeds, preventing and controlling animal and plant epidemics, and ensuring the quality and safety of agricultural products.We will accelerate reform and development of the service system for spreading agricultural technology in villages, and improve public service agricultural agencies in townships, towns, and regions.We will improve the system for subsidizing agricultural technologies and encourage farmers to use advanced and appropriate agricultural technologies.We will develop modern agriculture demonstration sites, encourage farmers to grow high-yield crops, promote the standardization of farming techniques, and accelerate agricultural mechanization.加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。今年中央財(cái)政用于“三農(nóng)”的投入擬安排12287億元，比上年增加1868億元。要搞好灌區(qū)配套改造和小型農(nóng)田水利建 設(shè)，大力發(fā)展節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)，加大土地開(kāi)發(fā)整理復(fù)墾力度，大規(guī)模建設(shè)旱澇保收高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)基本農(nóng)田。加快中小河流治理、小型水庫(kù)除險(xiǎn)加固和山洪地質(zhì)災(zāi)害綜合防治。加強(qiáng) 農(nóng)村水電路氣以及文化體育等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，推進(jìn)農(nóng)村環(huán)境治理，加快農(nóng)村危房改造，繼續(xù)改善農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活條件。

We will strengthen agricultural and rural infrastructure.The central government plans to allocate 1.2287 trillion yuan for agriculture, rural areas and farmers, 186.8 billion yuan more than last year.With these funds we will build and upgrade water-saving facilities in irrigated areas and build more small water conservancy projects, and vigorously develop water-efficient agriculture.We will intensify efforts to develop, improve, and reclaim rural land and develop on a large scale basic farmland that meets high drought and flood resistance standards.We will take speedy steps to harness small and medium-sized rivers, reinforce small aging reservoirs, and take comprehensive measures to prevent and mitigate geological disasters caused by mountain torrents.We will continue to improve working and living conditions in rural areas by strengthening infrastructure such as water, power, and methane supply facilities, roads, and cultural and sports venues, and by cleaning up the environment and renovating dilapidated houses more quickly.深化農(nóng)村改革。堅(jiān)持農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營(yíng)制度不動(dòng)搖。要認(rèn)真搞好土地確權(quán)登記頒證。土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)、宅基地使用權(quán)、集體收益分配權(quán)是法律賦予農(nóng)民的財(cái)產(chǎn) 權(quán)利，任何人都不能侵犯。加強(qiáng)土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)管理和服務(wù)，發(fā)展適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)。嚴(yán)格保護(hù)耕地。制定出臺(tái)農(nóng)村集體土地征收補(bǔ)償條例。扶持發(fā)展農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作 社、產(chǎn)業(yè)化龍頭企業(yè)，開(kāi)展多種形式的農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)化服務(wù)，發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)，提高農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化、組織化程度。深化農(nóng)村綜合改革。推進(jìn)國(guó)有農(nóng)場(chǎng)、林場(chǎng)體制改革。

We will deepen rural reform.We will uphold the basic rural operation system.We will work diligently to determine, register, and certify land ownership.Farmers' rights to the land they contract to work on, to the land on which their houses sit, and to proceeds from collective undertakings are property rights conferred by law, and these rights must not to be violated by anyone.We will provide better supervision and services for the transfer of contracted land-use rights, and develop farming operations on an appropriately large scale.We will place farmland under strict protection, and formulate and promulgate regulations concerning compensation for the expropriation of rural collective land.We will support large-scale farming by specialized farmer cooperatives and leading enterprises, encourage various sectors of society to provide services for agriculture, develop agricultural insurance, and increase commercialization and specialization in agriculture.We will deepen comprehensive rural reform.We will also reform systems for managing state-owned farms and forest farms and continue to deepen reform of tenure in collective forests.(四)加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式

4.Accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development

解決發(fā)展不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)的問(wèn)題，關(guān)鍵在于加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整，這既是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期過(guò)程，也是當(dāng)前最緊迫的任務(wù)。

The key to solving the problems of imbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development is to accelerate the transformation of the pattern of economic development and carry out strategic adjustment of the economic restructure.This is both a long-term task and our most pressing task at present.促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)。推動(dòng)戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)健康發(fā)展。建立促進(jìn)新能源利用的機(jī)制，加強(qiáng)統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃、項(xiàng)目配套、政策引導(dǎo)，擴(kuò)大國(guó)內(nèi)需求，制止太陽(yáng) 能、風(fēng)電等產(chǎn)業(yè)盲目擴(kuò)張。發(fā)展新一代信息技術(shù)，加強(qiáng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，推動(dòng)三網(wǎng)融合取得實(shí)質(zhì)性進(jìn)展。大力發(fā)展高端裝備制造、節(jié)能環(huán)保、生物醫(yī)藥、新能源汽 車、新材料等產(chǎn)業(yè)。擴(kuò)大技改專項(xiàng)資金規(guī)模，促進(jìn)傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)改造升級(jí)。

We will improve and upgrade the industrial structure.We will promote the sound development of strategic emerging industries.We will accelerate the establishment of mechanisms that promote the use of new energy sources;strengthen overall planning, auxiliary projects and policy guidance;and expand domestic demand.We will prevent blind expansion in our capacity to manufacture solar energy and wind power equipment.We will develop next-generation information technology, strengthen network infrastructure, and make substantive progress in integrating the telecommunications network, the radio and television broadcasting network, and the Internet.We will energetically develop the high-end equipment manufacturing, energy conservation, environmental protection, biopharmaceuticals, new-energy vehicles, and new materials industries.We will increase funding for technological upgrading projects, and press ahead with the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries.以汽車、鋼鐵、造船、水泥等行業(yè)為重點(diǎn)，控制增量，優(yōu)化存量，推動(dòng)企業(yè)兼并重組，提高產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度和規(guī)模效益。落實(shí)并完善促進(jìn)小型微型企業(yè)發(fā)展的 政策，進(jìn)一步減輕企業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)，激發(fā)科技型小型微型企業(yè)發(fā)展活力。實(shí)施有利于服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展的財(cái)稅、金融政策，支持社會(huì)資本進(jìn)入服務(wù)業(yè)，促進(jìn)服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展提速、比重 提高、水平提升。

We will control increases in production capacity, improve existing production facilities, encourage enterprise mergers and reorganizations, and increase industrial concentration and economies of scale, with the focus on the automobile, steel, shipbuilding, and cement industries.We will implement and improve policies to promote the growth of small and micro businesses, further reduce burdens on enterprises, and promote the vibrant growth of small and micro high-tech enterprises.We will implement fiscal, taxation, and financial policies that facilitate the development of the service sector and encourage nongovernmental investment in this sector, in order to promote faster development of the sector, increase its share in the economy, and facilitate its upgrading.推進(jìn)節(jié)能減排和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)。節(jié)能減排的關(guān)鍵是節(jié)約能源，提高能效，減少污染。要抓緊制定出臺(tái)合理控制能源消費(fèi)總量工作方案，加快理順能源價(jià)格 體系。綜合運(yùn)用經(jīng)濟(jì)、法律和必要的行政手段，突出抓好工業(yè)、交通、建筑、公共機(jī)構(gòu)、居民生活等重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和千家重點(diǎn)耗能企業(yè)節(jié)能減排，進(jìn)一步淘汰落后產(chǎn)能。加強(qiáng)用能管理，發(fā)展智能電網(wǎng)和分布式能源，實(shí)施節(jié)能發(fā)電調(diào)度、合同能源管理、政府節(jié)能采購(gòu)等行之有效的管理方式。We will conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the ecological environment.The key to conserving energy and reducing emissions is to save energy, improve energy efficiency, and reduce pollution.We will promptly formulate and promulgate a work plan for appropriately controlling total energy consumption, and move quickly to base the energy pricing system on the market.We will use economic, legal, and the necessary administrative means to conserve energy and reduce emissions in key areas such as manufacturing, transportation, construction, public institutions, and people's homes, and in 1,000 key energy-intensive enterprises;and close down more outdated production facilities.We will tighten supervision of energy use, develop smart power grids and ensure the proper distribution of energy supplies, and implement effective administrative practices such as efficient electricity generation and distribution, energy performance contracting, and government procurement of energy-efficient goods and services.優(yōu)化能源結(jié)構(gòu)，推動(dòng)傳統(tǒng)能源清潔高效利用，安全高效發(fā)展核電，積極發(fā)展水電，加快頁(yè)巖氣勘查、開(kāi)發(fā)攻關(guān)，提高新能源和可再生能源比重。加強(qiáng)能源 通道建設(shè)。深入貫徹節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境基本國(guó)策。開(kāi)展節(jié)能認(rèn)證和能效標(biāo)識(shí)監(jiān)督檢查，鼓勵(lì)節(jié)能、節(jié)水、節(jié)地、節(jié)材和資源綜合利用，大力發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)。加強(qiáng)環(huán) 境保護(hù)，著力解決重金屬、飲用水源、大氣、土壤、海洋污染等關(guān)系民生的突出環(huán)境問(wèn)題。努力減少農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染。嚴(yán)格監(jiān)管危險(xiǎn)化學(xué)品。We will optimize the energy structure, promote clean and efficient use of traditional energy, safely and effectively develop nuclear power, actively develop hydroelectric power, tackle key problems more quickly in the exploration and development of shale gas, and increase the share of new energy and renewable energy in total energy consumption.We will step up the construction of energy transportation routes.We will thoroughly implement the basic state policy of conserving resources and protecting the environment.We will carry out certification of energy-efficient products and oversight and inspection of energy efficiency labeling;encourage economical use of energy, water, land, and materials as well as comprehensive use of resources;and vigorously develop a circular economy.We will strengthen environmental protection;strive to solve major environmental problems that directly affect people's lives, such as heavy metals, drinking water sources, air, soil, and marine pollution;reduce pollution from non-point agricultural sources;and put hazardous chemicals under strict oversight and supervision.今年在京津冀、長(zhǎng)三角、珠三角等重點(diǎn)區(qū)域以及直轄市和省會(huì)城市開(kāi)展細(xì)顆粒物(PM2.5)等項(xiàng)目監(jiān)測(cè)，2015年覆蓋所有地級(jí)以上城市。推進(jìn)生 態(tài)建設(shè)，促進(jìn)生態(tài)保護(hù)和修復(fù)，鞏固天然林保護(hù)、退耕還林還草、退牧還草成果，加強(qiáng)草原生態(tài)建設(shè)，大力開(kāi)展植樹(shù)造林，推進(jìn)荒漠化、石漠化、坡耕地治理，嚴(yán)格 保護(hù)江河源、濕地、湖泊等重要生態(tài)功能區(qū)。加強(qiáng)適應(yīng)氣候變化特別是應(yīng)對(duì)極端氣候事件能力建設(shè)，提高防災(zāi)減災(zāi)能力。堅(jiān)持共同但有區(qū)別的責(zé)任原則和公平原則，建設(shè)性推動(dòng)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化國(guó)際談判進(jìn)程。我們要用行動(dòng)昭告世界，中國(guó)絕不靠犧牲生態(tài)環(huán)境和人民健康來(lái)?yè)Q取經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，我們一定能走出一條生產(chǎn)發(fā)展、生活富裕、生態(tài)良好的文明發(fā)展道路。

We will start monitoring fine particulate matter(PM2.5)in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River delta, the Pearl River delta and other key areas as well as in municipalities directly under the central government and provincial capital cities, and extend the practice to all cities at and above the prefectural level by 2015.We will improve the ecology, establish a sound system of compensation for ecological damage, strengthen ecological protection and restoration, and consolidate achievements in protecting virgin forests, turning vulnerable farmland into forests and grasslands, and stopping grazing to let grasslands recover.We will strengthen grassland ecological conservation;vigorously carry out afforestation;make progress in dealing with desertification and stony deserts and in improving terraced farmland;and strictly protect river sources, wetlands, lakes, and other priority functional ecological zones.We will strengthen capacity building to adapt to climate change, and especially to respond to extreme climate events, and improve our ability to prevent and mitigate natural disasters.We will uphold the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and the principle of fairness, and play a constructive role in promoting international talks on climate change.We will show the world with our actions that China will never seek economic growth at the expense of its ecological environment and public health.We are definitely capable of taking a path of civilized development which ensures that production increases, people's living standards rise, and we live in a good ecological environment.促進(jìn)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。實(shí)施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略和主體功能區(qū)規(guī)劃，充分發(fā)揮各地特色和優(yōu)勢(shì)，進(jìn)一步提高區(qū)域發(fā)展的協(xié)調(diào)性和基本公共服務(wù)均等化水平。認(rèn)真落實(shí)西部大開(kāi)發(fā)新10年的政策措施，加大實(shí)施中部地區(qū)崛起戰(zhàn)略的力度，加快推進(jìn)東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地振興，積極支持東部地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展、在更高層次 上參與國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)與合作。要加大對(duì)革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)和貧困地區(qū)的扶持力度。

We will enhance balanced economic development among regions.We will implement the master strategy for regional development and the plan for developing functional zones, give full play to the distinctive strengths of each region, better coordinate development among regions, and make delivery of basic public services more equitable.We will conscientiously implement the policies and measures for the large-scale development of the western region in the new decade, work even harder to implement the strategy for the rise of the central region, more quickly revitalize the old industrial bases in northeast China, and actively support the eastern region in transforming its economy and participating in international competition and cooperation at a higher level.We will increase support to old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas, and poverty-stricken areas.更好地發(fā)揮經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)、上海浦東新區(qū)、天津?yàn)I海新區(qū)在改革開(kāi)放中先行先試的重要作用。制定和實(shí)施海洋發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，促進(jìn)海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。加強(qiáng)和完善跨區(qū)域合作機(jī)制，消除市場(chǎng)壁壘，促進(jìn)要素流動(dòng)，引導(dǎo)產(chǎn)業(yè)有序轉(zhuǎn)移，推動(dòng)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)良性互動(dòng)、協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。

We will encourage special economic zones, the Pudong New Area in Shanghai, and the Binhai New Area in Tianjin to better play their role of leading the way and exploring new paths in reform and opening up.We will formulate and implement a strategy for marine development, and promote the development of the marine economy.We will strengthen and improve inter-regional cooperation mechanisms, remove market barriers, facilitate the flow of factors of production, guide the orderly transfer of industries, and promote mutually reinforcing and coordinated economic development among regions.積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化。要遵循城市發(fā)展規(guī)律，從各地實(shí)際出發(fā)，促進(jìn)大中小城市和小城鎮(zhèn)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。根據(jù)資源環(huán)境和人口承載能力，優(yōu)化全國(guó)生產(chǎn)力布 局，形成合理的城鎮(zhèn)體系和與國(guó)土規(guī)模、資源分布、發(fā)展?jié)摿ο噙m應(yīng)的人口布局。各類城市都要夯實(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)，創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，完善基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，改善人居環(huán)境，加強(qiáng) 管理服務(wù)，提升城鎮(zhèn)化質(zhì)量和水平。We will actively yet prudently promote urbanization.We will promote the coordinated development of large, medium-sized, and small cities as well as small towns in light of local conditions and in accordance with the laws governing urban development.On the basis of the carrying capacity of China's resources, environment and population, we will improve the distribution of the productive forces across the country, develop cities and towns rationally, and ensure that the geographical distribution of the population is suited to land availability, resources distribution, and development potential.We will strengthen the economic foundation and create job opportunities in all cities, improve their infrastructure and living environment, strengthen urban management and services, and raise the quality and level of urbanization.更加注重把在城鎮(zhèn)穩(wěn)定就業(yè)和居住的農(nóng)民工有序轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槌擎?zhèn)居民；放寬中小城市落戶條件，合理引導(dǎo)人口流向，讓更多農(nóng)村富余勞動(dòng)力就近轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)。加 強(qiáng)對(duì)農(nóng)民工的人文關(guān)懷和服務(wù)，著力解決農(nóng)民工在就業(yè)服務(wù)、社會(huì)保障、子女入園上學(xué)、住房租購(gòu)等方面的實(shí)際問(wèn)題，逐步將城鎮(zhèn)基本公共服務(wù)覆蓋到農(nóng)民工。關(guān)愛(ài) 留守兒童、留守婦女和留守老人。讓農(nóng)民無(wú)論進(jìn)城還是留鄉(xiāng)，都能安居樂(lè)業(yè)、幸福生活。

We will give higher priority to registering rural migrant workers with stable jobs and permanent homes in cities or towns as permanent urban residents in an orderly manner.We will relax eligibility for registering as urban households in small and medium-sized cities, guide the rational flow of the population, and enable more surplus rural workers to find nonagricultural employment in nearby towns and cities.We should care more deeply for rural migrant workers and provide more services to them;resolve difficulties they have in securing employment services, obtaining social security benefits, getting their children enrolled in preschools and schools, and renting or purchasing homes;and gradually extend to them basic public services that are available to urban residents.We will take care of children, women and old people who are left behind by rural migrant workers who work in cities.We will enable rural residents to enjoy a happy life whether they go to the city or stay in the countryside.(五)深入實(shí)施科教興國(guó)戰(zhàn)略和人才強(qiáng)國(guó)戰(zhàn)略

5.Thoroughly implementing the strategies of developing China through science and education and strengthening the country through human resource development 大力發(fā)展科技、教育事業(yè)，培養(yǎng)高素質(zhì)的人才隊(duì)伍，是國(guó)家強(qiáng)盛、民族復(fù)興的必由之路。To make China prosperous and strong and achieve the revival of the Chinese nation, we need to vigorously develop science, technology, and education and create a high-quality talent pool.堅(jiān)持優(yōu)先發(fā)展教育。中央財(cái)政已按全國(guó)財(cái)政性教育經(jīng)費(fèi)支出占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的4%編制預(yù)算，地方財(cái)政也要相應(yīng)安排，確保實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)。教育經(jīng)費(fèi)要突 出保障重點(diǎn)，加強(qiáng)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，提高使用效益。深入推進(jìn)教育體制改革，全面實(shí)施素質(zhì)教育，逐步解決考試招生、教育教學(xué)等方面的突出問(wèn)題。推進(jìn)學(xué)校民主管理，逐步形成制度。

We will continue to give high priority to developing education.The central government has already prepared its budget to meet the requirement that government spending on education accounts for 4% of China's GDP, and local governments should act accordingly to ensure that this target is reached.Funds for education must be used to meet the funding requirements in key areas and strengthen weak links so that they yield better results.We will deepen reform of the educational system, extensively implement well-rounded education, and gradually resolve major problems in examination and enrollment, and in education and teaching.We will carry forward and gradually institutionalize democratic school management.促進(jìn)義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展，資源配置要向中西部、農(nóng)村、邊遠(yuǎn)、民族地區(qū)和城市薄弱學(xué)校傾斜。繼續(xù)花大氣力推動(dòng)解決擇校、入園等人民群眾關(guān)心的熱點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)問(wèn) 題。農(nóng)村中小學(xué)布局要因地制宜，處理好提高教育質(zhì)量和方便孩子們就近上學(xué)的關(guān)系。辦好農(nóng)村寄宿學(xué)校，實(shí)施好農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育學(xué)生營(yíng)養(yǎng)改善計(jì)劃。加強(qiáng)校車安全管 理，確保孩子們的人身安全。加強(qiáng)學(xué)前教育、繼續(xù)教育和特殊教育，建設(shè)現(xiàn)代職業(yè)教育體系，辦好民族教育。

We will promote the balanced development of compulsory education and give preference to schools in the central and western regions, rural areas, remote areas, and ethnic minority areas, and to weak urban schools when allocating resources.We will continue to make great efforts to ease contentious issues of great concern to the people, including paying to enroll one's children in better schools and the shortage of preschools.We will arrange the location of rural primary and secondary schools in light of local conditions, and ensure there is a proper balance between improving the quality of education and placing schools closer to children.We will run rural boarding schools well, and implement the plan for improving nutrition for rural students receiving compulsory education.We will enhance school bus and campus safety to ensure children's safety.We will strengthen preschool, continuing and special education, develop a modern vocational education system, and do a good job educating ethnic minority students.高等教育要與經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展和國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略需要緊密結(jié)合，提高教育質(zhì)量和創(chuàng)新能力。完善國(guó)家助學(xué)制度，逐步將中等職業(yè)教育免學(xué)費(fèi)政策覆 蓋到所有農(nóng)村學(xué)生，擴(kuò)大普通高中家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生資助范圍。大力發(fā)展民辦教育，鼓勵(lì)和引導(dǎo)社會(huì)資本進(jìn)入各級(jí)各類教育領(lǐng)域。教育寄托著人民的希望，關(guān)系國(guó)家 的未來(lái)，我們一定要把這項(xiàng)事業(yè)辦得更好！Higher education should better meet the needs of economic and social development and China's strategic requirements, and improve its quality and capacity for making innovations.We will improve the state financial aid system for students by gradually making all rural students exempt from paying tuition for secondary vocational education, and by granting financial aid to more students from poor families who attend regular senior secondary schools.We will vigorously develop privately run schools and encourage and guide nongovernmental investment in all types of schools at all levels.The people place their hopes on education, and education is crucial for China's future, so we must achieve even better results in this work.大力推進(jìn)科技創(chuàng)新。加強(qiáng)國(guó)家創(chuàng)新體系建設(shè)。深化科技體制改革，推動(dòng)企業(yè)成為技術(shù)創(chuàng)新主體，促進(jìn)科技與經(jīng)濟(jì)緊密結(jié)合。支持企業(yè)加強(qiáng)研發(fā)中心建設(shè)，承擔(dān)國(guó)家和地區(qū)重大科技項(xiàng)目。引導(dǎo)科研機(jī)構(gòu)、高等院校的科研力量為企業(yè)研發(fā)中心服務(wù)，更好地實(shí)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)學(xué)研有機(jī)結(jié)合，提高科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化和產(chǎn)業(yè)化水平。推動(dòng)基礎(chǔ) 研究和前沿技術(shù)研究，提高原始創(chuàng)新能力。完善科技評(píng)價(jià)和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)制度。倡導(dǎo)學(xué)術(shù)誠(chéng)信，鼓勵(lì)獨(dú)立思考，保障學(xué)術(shù)自由，弘揚(yáng)科學(xué)精神。堅(jiān)定不移地實(shí)施國(guó)家知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán) 戰(zhàn)略。

We will vigorously boost innovation in science and technology.We will strengthen the national innovation system.We will deepen reform of the management system for science and technology, spur enterprises to become the main source of technological innovation, and more closely integrate science and technology with the economy.We will support enterprises in developing R&D centers and undertaking major national and regional science and technology projects.We will guide research institutes and researchers in universities in providing services to enterprises' technological innovation centers so that enterprises, universities, and research institutes can work more closely together to increase the industrial application of scientific and technological advances.We will boost basic research and research in cutting-edge technologies, and improve our capacity to make original innovations.We will improve the evaluation and incentive system for scientific and technological advances.We will advocate academic integrity, encourage independent thinking, ensure academic freedom, and foster a scientific spirit.We will unwaveringly implement the national strategy on intellectual property rights.全面加強(qiáng)人才工作。深化人才體制改革，大力培養(yǎng)造就高水平創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)人才、青年人才和急需緊缺人才，引進(jìn)高層次人才。完善人才培養(yǎng)、任用、評(píng)價(jià)、激勵(lì)機(jī)制。努力營(yíng)造人才輩出、人盡其才、才盡其用的良好社會(huì)環(huán)境。

We will comprehensively strengthen human resource work.We will deepen reform of the personnel management system;energetically train high-level innovative and entrepreneurial personnel, talented young people, and personnel who are urgently needed and in short supply;and attract talented personnel from overseas.We will improve the mechanism for training, employing, evaluating, and giving incentives to talented personnel, and create a favorable social environment for them to come to the fore in large numbers and tap their full potential.(六)切實(shí)保障和改善民生

6.Ensuring and improving the people's wellbeing 實(shí)現(xiàn)好、維護(hù)好、發(fā)展好最廣大人民的根本利益是以人為本理念的具體體現(xiàn)。要把保障和改善民生作為政府工作的重要任務(wù)。

Putting people first is about realizing, upholding, and promoting their fundamental interests.We will make ensuring and improving their wellbeing an important task in the work of the government.千方百計(jì)擴(kuò)大就業(yè)。就業(yè)是關(guān)系國(guó)家發(fā)展和人民福祉的大事。今年就業(yè)壓力仍然很大，各級(jí)政府務(wù)必堅(jiān)持就業(yè)優(yōu)先戰(zhàn)略，繼續(xù)實(shí)施更加積極的就業(yè)政策。重點(diǎn)扶持就業(yè)容量大的現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)、創(chuàng)新型科技企業(yè)和小型微型企業(yè)，創(chuàng)造更多就業(yè)崗位。鼓勵(lì)以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動(dòng)就業(yè)。抓好高校畢業(yè)生、農(nóng)民工和城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)困難人員就 業(yè)，加強(qiáng)退役軍人技能培訓(xùn)與就業(yè)安置工作。We will make every effort to increase employment.Employment is of great importance to China's development and the people's wellbeing.We will continue to face great employment pressure this year, and governments at all levels must continue to follow the strategy of giving top priority to employment and more actively implement employment policies.We will give high priority to supporting service industries, innovative high-tech enterprises, and small and micro businesses that employ large numbers of people so as to create more jobs.We will encourage the creation of new businesses to stimulate employment.We will help college graduates, rural migrant workers and urban residents having difficulty finding jobs find employment, and strengthen technical training for ex-soldiers and help them find jobs and settle down.鼓勵(lì)高校畢業(yè)生投身農(nóng)村、基層、中西部地區(qū)建設(shè)。加強(qiáng)職業(yè)培訓(xùn)和公共就業(yè)服務(wù)工作。加快建立健全統(tǒng)一規(guī)范靈活的人力資源市場(chǎng)。積極構(gòu)建和諧勞動(dòng)關(guān)系，加強(qiáng)對(duì)勞務(wù)派遣的規(guī)范管理，開(kāi)展勞動(dòng)關(guān)系爭(zhēng)議排查，加強(qiáng)勞動(dòng)監(jiān)察和調(diào)解仲裁，維護(hù)勞動(dòng)者合法權(quán)益。

We will encourage college graduates to pursue careers in rural areas, local communities and the central and western regions.We will strengthen vocational training and public employment services.We will accelerate development of a sound, unified, standardized, and flexible human resources market.We will promote harmonious labor relations, increase supervision of labor dispatch, settle labor relations disputes, and intensify supervision, mediation, and arbitration of labor disputes to protect the legitimate rights and interests of employees.加快完善社會(huì)保障體系。今年年底前實(shí)現(xiàn)新型農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)和城鎮(zhèn)居民社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度全覆蓋。擴(kuò)大各項(xiàng)社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)覆蓋面。增加企業(yè)退休人員基本 養(yǎng)老金。加強(qiáng)城鄉(xiāng)低保和社會(huì)救助工作，加快發(fā)展社會(huì)福利事業(yè)和慈善事業(yè)。加強(qiáng)各項(xiàng)社會(huì)保障制度銜接。多渠道增加社會(huì)保障基金，加強(qiáng)社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)基金、社會(huì)保障 基金投資監(jiān)管，實(shí)現(xiàn)保值增值。加強(qiáng)社保服務(wù)能力建設(shè)，有條件的地方可對(duì)各類社保經(jīng)辦機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行整合歸并，有些服務(wù)可委托銀行、商業(yè)保險(xiǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)代辦。加快全國(guó)統(tǒng) 一的社會(huì)保障卡發(fā)放。

We will accelerate improvements to the social security system.By the end of the year, we will have achieved full coverage of the new old-age pension system for rural residents and the old-age pension system for non-working urban residents.We will expand coverage of all types of social insurance.We will raise the basic pension for enterprise retirees.We will increase urban and rural subsistence allowances and social aid, and accelerate development of social welfare programs and charities.We will better coordinate all aspects of the social safety net.We will increase the social security fund through a variety of channels, and strengthen oversight and supervision of investment from the social insurance fund and social security fund to increase their value.We will strengthen capacity building for social security services, allow localities where conditions permit to integrate and merge social security agencies, and entrust some services to banks or commercial insurance institutions.We will accelerate the work of introducing all-in-one national social security cards.大力推進(jìn)醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革發(fā)展。加快健全全民醫(yī)保體系，鞏固擴(kuò)大基本醫(yī)保覆蓋面，提高基本醫(yī)療保障水平和管理服務(wù)水平。城鎮(zhèn)居民醫(yī)保和新農(nóng)合補(bǔ) 助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高到每人每年240元。全面推開(kāi)尿毒癥等8類大病保障，將肺癌等12類大病納入保障和救助試點(diǎn)范圍。鞏固完善基本藥物制度，加強(qiáng)基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù) 體系建設(shè)。

We will vigorously promote the development and reform of medical and healthcare services.We will move faster to improve the medical insurance system covering the whole population, consolidate and expand the coverage of basic medical insurance, and enhance our capability to provide and manage basic medical services.We will raise subsidies for medical insurance for non-working urban residents and the new type of rural cooperative medical care system to 240 yuan per person per year.We will fully introduce social insurance against uraemia and seven other major diseases and include lung cancer and 11 other major diseases in the pilot program to provide insurance and aid for their treatment.We will consolidate and improve the system for basic drugs and improve the community-level medical and health care system.推進(jìn)公立醫(yī)院改革，實(shí)行醫(yī)藥分開(kāi)、管辦分開(kāi)，破除以藥補(bǔ)醫(yī)機(jī)制。鼓勵(lì)引導(dǎo)社會(huì)資本辦醫(yī)，加快形成對(duì)外開(kāi)放的多元辦醫(yī)格局。充分調(diào)動(dòng)醫(yī)務(wù)工作者積 極性，建立和諧的醫(yī)患關(guān)系。加強(qiáng)公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)，預(yù)防控制嚴(yán)重威脅群眾健康的重大傳染病、慢性病、職業(yè)病。加強(qiáng)藥品安全工作。扶持和促進(jìn)中醫(yī)藥和民族醫(yī)藥事 業(yè)發(fā)展。

We will push forward reform of public hospitals, so that medical care is separated from pharmacy operations, government management is separated from hospital operations, and the practice of using pharmacy profits to subsidize medical services is ended.We will encourage and guide nongovernmental investment in hospitals, and speed up the creation of a system of hospitals with diversified ownership that is open to foreign participation.We will boost the morale of medical workers and build harmonious relations between doctors and patients.We will improve public health services and prevent and control major communicable, chronic and occupational diseases that pose a major health hazard.We will tighten control over drug safety.We will support and promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine and the medical practices of ethnic minorities.全面做好人口和計(jì)劃生育工作。繼續(xù)穩(wěn)定低生育水平，綜合治理出生人口性別比偏高問(wèn)題，提高出生人口質(zhì)量。加快實(shí)現(xiàn)計(jì)劃生育優(yōu)質(zhì)服務(wù)全覆蓋，將免費(fèi)孕 前優(yōu)生健康檢查試點(diǎn)范圍擴(kuò)大到60%的縣(市、區(qū))。提高農(nóng)村部分計(jì)劃生育家庭獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)扶助、特殊扶助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。加強(qiáng)流動(dòng)人口計(jì)劃生育服務(wù)管理。

We will comprehensively carry out work relating to population and family planning.We will continue to keep the birthrate low, redress gender imbalance through various means, and improve the health of infants.We will achieve full coverage of quality family planning services more quickly than planned and extend the trial program of free pre-pregnancy checkups to 60% of China's counties and county-level cities and districts.We will increase the rewards and special assistance to the rural families that observe the state's family planning policy.We will increase family planning services to the floating population and improve management of such services.做好婦女兒童工作，擴(kuò)大農(nóng)村婦女宮頸癌、乳腺癌免費(fèi)檢查覆蓋面，提高婦女兒童發(fā)展和權(quán)益保障水平。進(jìn)一步完善殘疾人社會(huì)保障體系和服務(wù)體系。積極發(fā)展老齡事業(yè)，加快建設(shè)社會(huì)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系，努力讓城鄉(xiāng)老年人都老有所養(yǎng)，幸福安度晚年。We will do our work related to women and children well.We will extend free cervical cancer and breast cancer screening to more rural women, improve the wellbeing of women and children and better guarantee their rights and interests.We will further improve the social security system and the system of services for people with disabilities.We will actively develop programs for the elderly and accelerate development of a system of social services for urban and rural seniors so they can live their later years in contentment.繼續(xù)搞好房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)調(diào)控和保障性安居工程建設(shè)。嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行并逐步完善抑制投機(jī)、投資性需求的政策措施，進(jìn)一步鞏固調(diào)控成果，促進(jìn)房?jī)r(jià)合理回歸。繼 續(xù)推進(jìn)保障性安居工程建設(shè)，在確保質(zhì)量的前提下，基本建成500萬(wàn)套，新開(kāi)工700萬(wàn)套以上。抓緊完善保障性住房建設(shè)、分配、管理、退出等制度。采取有效 措施，增加普通商品住房供給。加快建設(shè)城鎮(zhèn)住房信息系統(tǒng)，改革房地產(chǎn)稅收制度，促進(jìn)房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)長(zhǎng)期平穩(wěn)健康發(fā)展。

We will continue to regulate the real estate market and develop low-income housing.We will strictly implement and gradually improve policies and measures for discouraging speculative or investment-driven housing demand, build on progress made in regulating the real estate market, and bring property prices down to a reasonable level.We will continue to develop low-income housing, and basically complete five million units and start construction on over seven million units, ensuring they are built to a high standard.We will work speedily to improve the system for constructing, allocating, managing, and recalling low-income housing units.We will take effective measures to increase supply of regular commodity housing.We will accelerate development of an urban housing information system and reform the real estate tax system to promote long-term, steady, and sound growth of the real estate market.加強(qiáng)和創(chuàng)新社會(huì)管理。加強(qiáng)社會(huì)矛盾化解、社會(huì)管理創(chuàng)新、公正廉潔執(zhí)法。強(qiáng)化政府社會(huì)管理和公共服務(wù)職能。提高城鄉(xiāng)基層群眾性自治組織的自治能力。積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)戶籍管理制度改革，推動(dòng)實(shí)行居住證制度，為流動(dòng)人口提供更好服務(wù)。以信息共享、互聯(lián)互通為重點(diǎn)，加快建設(shè)國(guó)家電子政務(wù)網(wǎng)。大力推進(jìn)政務(wù)誠(chéng)信、商務(wù)誠(chéng)信、社會(huì)誠(chéng)信建設(shè)，構(gòu)建覆蓋全社會(huì)的誠(chéng)信系統(tǒng)。

We will strengthen and make innovations in social administration.We will work hard to resolve social conflicts, make innovations in social administration, and enforce the law impartially and with integrity.We will strengthen government functions for conducting social administration and providing public services.We will strengthen the self-governing capabilities of rural and urban community self-governing organizations.We will get social organizations to play an active role in social administration.We will actively yet prudently carry forward the reform of the household registration system, implement the residence permit system, and provide better services to the floating population.We will accelerate the development of a national e-government network, with the focus on sharing information and achieving national interconnectivity.We will vigorously give impetus to government, business, and public integrity, and create a credit information system for the whole society.加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)管理，營(yíng)造健康的網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境。健全重大決策社會(huì)穩(wěn)定風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估機(jī)制和突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急管理機(jī)制。實(shí)施安全發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，加強(qiáng)安全生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管，防止重特大事故發(fā)生。深入開(kāi)展打擊侵犯知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)和制售假冒偽劣商品行動(dòng)。增強(qiáng)食品安全監(jiān)管能力，提高食品安全水平。加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)信訪工作。加強(qiáng)法律服務(wù)和法 律援助。嚴(yán)密防范和依法打擊違法犯罪活動(dòng)，保障人民群眾生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全。

We will strengthen and improve management of the Internet and foster a healthy cyberspace environment.We will improve the mechanism for assessing risks major policy decisions may pose for social stability and the mechanism for managing responses to emergencies.We will implement the strategy of ensuring safety in development, tighten oversight over workplace safety, and prevent the occurrence of serious and major accidents.We will carry out an intense crackdown on violations of intellectual property rights and the manufacture and sale of counterfeit or substandard goods.We will enhance our food safety oversight capability and raise the level of food safety.We will strengthen and improve the handling of public complaints made through letters and visits and improve the mechanism whereby the masses express appeals concerning matters affecting their interests.We will strengthen legal services and assistance.We will be on high alert for and crack down on crime in accordance with the law to protect people's lives and property.(七)促進(jìn)文化大發(fā)展大繁榮

7.Promoting the great development and flourishing of culture 文化是人類的精神家園，優(yōu)秀文化傳承是一個(gè)民族生生不息的血脈。要提供優(yōu)質(zhì)豐富的文化產(chǎn)品，不斷滿足人民群眾的精神文化需求。深入推進(jìn)社會(huì)主義 核心價(jià)值體系建設(shè)。加強(qiáng)社會(huì)公德、職業(yè)道德、家庭美德和個(gè)人品德教育，做好青少年思想道德教育工作，努力形成知榮辱、講正氣、守誠(chéng)信、作奉獻(xiàn)、促和諧的良 好風(fēng)尚。大力發(fā)展公益性文化事業(yè)。以農(nóng)村和中西部地區(qū)為重點(diǎn)，加強(qiáng)基層文化設(shè)施建設(shè)。Culture gives human beings a sense of belonging, and passing on fine culture is essential in maintaining the everlasting vitality of a nation.We will provide a large quantity of high-quality cultural products to meet people's demand for culture.We will intensively promote development of the system of core socialist values.We will strengthen education with regard to social codes of conduct, professional ethics, family virtues, and individual integrity.We will educate children and young people about values and strive to create a social atmosphere that promotes morality, integrity, dedication, and harmony.We will vigorously promote nonprofit cultural services and strengthen cultural infrastructure in communities, particularly in rural areas and the central and western regions.推動(dòng)哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)繁榮發(fā)展，積極發(fā)展新聞出版、廣播影視、文學(xué)藝術(shù)和檔案事業(yè)。加強(qiáng)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)，繁榮發(fā)展少數(shù)民族文化事業(yè)。深化文化體制改 革，繼續(xù)推動(dòng)經(jīng)營(yíng)性文化單位轉(zhuǎn)企改制。提高文化產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模化、集約化、專業(yè)化水平，推動(dòng)文化產(chǎn)業(yè)成為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)支柱性產(chǎn)業(yè)。深入開(kāi)展對(duì)外人文交流，促進(jìn)中外文 化相互借鑒。廣泛開(kāi)展全民健身活動(dòng)，增強(qiáng)人民體質(zhì)，促進(jìn)體育事業(yè)和體育產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。中華文化具有強(qiáng)大的向心力和震撼力，當(dāng)代中華兒女一定要肩負(fù)起弘揚(yáng)中 華文化的歷史重任。

We will promote the flourishing of philosophy and the social sciences, and actively develop the press, publishing, radio, film, television, literature, art, and archives.We will better protect our cultural heritage and foster the flourishing of ethnic minority cultures.We will deepen reform of the cultural system and continue to transform for-profit cultural institutions into enterprises.We will make the cultural industry larger, more intensive, and more specialized;and turn it into a pillar of the economy.We will intensify cultural and people-to-people exchanges with other countries so that we learn from each other's strengths.We will extensively carry out public fitness activities to make the people healthier, and promote the balanced development of sports activities and the sports industry.Chinese culture is highly cohesive and inspiring, and we Chinese today must shoulder the historic duty of advancing it.(八)深入推進(jìn)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域改革

8.Deepening reforms in key areas 改革開(kāi)放是決定中國(guó)前途命運(yùn)的正確抉擇。必須按照科學(xué)發(fā)展觀要求，尊重群眾首創(chuàng)精神，大膽探索，以更大決心和勇氣繼續(xù)全面推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制、政治體制等各項(xiàng)改革，破解發(fā)展難題。Reform and opening up are the right choice we made for China's destiny and future.We must respect the people's creativity;boldly explore new ways;continue to promote all reforms, including the reform of China's economic and political systems, with greater resolve and courage;and solve complex issues in development in line with the requirements of the Scientific Outlook on Development.當(dāng)前和今后一段時(shí)期，改革的重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)是：

Now and for some time to come, reform will be focused on the following key areas and crucial links.進(jìn)一步轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能，完善宏觀調(diào)控體系，理順政府與市場(chǎng)的關(guān)系，更好地發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)配置資源的基礎(chǔ)性作用；推進(jìn)財(cái)稅體制改革，理順中央與地方及地方 各級(jí)政府間財(cái)政分配關(guān)系，更好地調(diào)動(dòng)中央和地方兩個(gè)積極性；深化土地、戶籍、公共服務(wù)改革，理順城市與農(nóng)村的關(guān)系，推動(dòng)工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化和農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化協(xié)調(diào)發(fā) 展；推進(jìn)社會(huì)事業(yè)、收入分配等改革，理順經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會(huì)發(fā)展的關(guān)系，有效保障社會(huì)公平正義；推進(jìn)依法行政和社會(huì)管理創(chuàng)新，理順政府與公民和社會(huì)組織的關(guān)系，建 設(shè)服務(wù)、責(zé)任、法治、廉潔政府。

We will further transform government functions, improve macro-controls, balance the relationship between government and the market, and make better use of the basic role of the market in allocating resources.We will advance reform of the fiscal and taxation systems, better balance the distribution of fiscal resources between the central and local governments and between all levels of local governments, and better arouse the initiative of both the central and local governments.We will deepen reforms of land, household registration and public services;balance the relationship between urban and rural areas;and promote coordinated development of industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization.We will carry forward reforms in social programs and income distribution, strike a balance between economic and social development, and effectively safeguard social fairness and justice.We will run the government in accordance with the law and promote innovation in social administration, properly handle the relationship among the government, citizens and social organizations, and build a service-oriented, responsible, law-based and clean government.今年改革的重點(diǎn)任務(wù)是：深化財(cái)稅金融體制改革。完善分稅制，健全轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度，提高一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付規(guī)模和比例。完善縣級(jí)基本財(cái)力保障機(jī)制。穩(wěn)步 推進(jìn)地方財(cái)政預(yù)算、決算公開(kāi)。深化國(guó)庫(kù)集中收付、政府采購(gòu)及國(guó)債管理制度改革。健全消費(fèi)稅制度。全面深化資源稅改革，擴(kuò)大從價(jià)計(jì)征范圍。深入推進(jìn)國(guó)有控股 大型金融機(jī)構(gòu)改革，規(guī)范發(fā)展小型金融機(jī)構(gòu)，健全服務(wù)小型微型企業(yè)和“三農(nóng)”的體制機(jī)制。

The major tasks for reform this year are as follows: We will deepen reform of the fiscal, taxation and financial systems.We will improve the revenue-sharing system and the system of transfer payments, and increase the scale and proportion of general transfer payments.We will improve the mechanism for ensuring basic funding for county-level governments, and make the budgets and final accounts of local governments more transparent.We will deepen reform of the systems for treasury's centralized revenue collection and expenditure payments, government procurement, and central government debt management.We will improve the excise tax system, comprehensively deepen the reform of resource taxes, and set taxes on more commodities on the basis of their prices.We will thoroughly carry out reform of large financial institutions in which the state holds the controlling stake, ensure orderly development of small financial institutions, and improve the systems and mechanisms that serve small and micro businesses as well as agriculture, rural areas and farmers.We will implement new oversight and supervision standards for the banking industry, work toward establishing a deposit insurance system, and deepen the reform of policy-based financial institutions.We will improve both initial public offerings and delistings, and ensure better protection of returns on investors' money and their rights and interests.We will actively develop the bond market, accelerate reform and development of the insurance industry, and make interest rates more market based.We will work steadily to make the RMB convertible under capital accounts and expand the use of RMB in cross-border trade and investment.推動(dòng)多種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)共同發(fā)展。毫不動(dòng)搖地鞏固和發(fā)展公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)，毫不動(dòng)搖地鼓勵(lì)、支持、引導(dǎo)非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。深入推進(jìn)國(guó)有經(jīng)濟(jì)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整，完 善國(guó)有資本有進(jìn)有退、合理流動(dòng)機(jī)制。研究推進(jìn)鐵路、電力等行業(yè)改革。完善和落實(shí)促進(jìn)非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的各項(xiàng)政策措施，打破壟斷，放寬準(zhǔn)入，鼓勵(lì)民間資本進(jìn) 入鐵路、市政、金融、能源、電信、教育、醫(yī)療等領(lǐng)域，營(yíng)造各類所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、共同發(fā)展的環(huán)境。

We will promote the common development of economic entities under diverse forms of ownership.We will unwaveringly consolidate and develop the public sector and encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public sector.We will thoroughly carry out strategic adjustment of the state sector, and improve the mechanism for increasing investment of state capital in some sectors while reducing it in others to ensure its sound flow.We will promote reform of the railway and power industries.We will improve and implement policies and measures for developing the non-public sector;break up monopolies and relax restrictions on market access;encourage nongovernmental investment in railways, public utilities, finance, energy, telecommunications, education, and medical care;and create a fair environment in which economic entities under all forms of ownership can compete and develop together.深化價(jià)格改革。穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)電價(jià)改革，實(shí)施居民階梯電價(jià)改革方案，完善水電、核電及可再生能源定價(jià)機(jī)制。逐步理順煤電價(jià)格關(guān)系。完善成品油價(jià)格改 革，推進(jìn)天然氣價(jià)格改革。實(shí)行最嚴(yán)格的水資源管理制度，合理制定和調(diào)整各地水資源費(fèi)征收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)水價(jià)綜合改革。開(kāi)展碳排放和排污權(quán)交易試點(diǎn)。加快建 立完善生態(tài)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制。

We will deepen price reforms.We will prudently carry out reform of electricity prices by implementing progressive pricing for household electricity consumption and improving pricing mechanisms for nuclear power, hydropower, and power generated from other renewable energy sources.We will make the price of electricity better reflect the price of coal.We will reform the prices of refined oil products and proceed with the price reform of natural gas.We will impose the strictest control over water resources, rationally set and adjust water resource fees in different localities, and carry out integrated price reform of water used for agricultural purposes.We will start trials of trading carbon emissions and the cap-and-trade scheme for pollution rights.深化收入分配制度改革。抓緊制定收入分配體制改革總體方案。努力提高居民收入在國(guó)民收入分配中的比重，提高勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬在初次分配中的比重。完善工 資制度，建立工資正常增長(zhǎng)機(jī)制，穩(wěn)步提高最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。創(chuàng)造條件增加居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入。建立公共資源出讓收益的全民共享機(jī)制。加大對(duì)高收入者的稅收調(diào)節(jié)力 度，嚴(yán)格規(guī)范國(guó)有企業(yè)、金融機(jī)構(gòu)高管人員薪酬管理，擴(kuò)大中等收入者比重，提高低收入者的收入，促進(jìn)機(jī)會(huì)公平。規(guī)范收入分配秩序，有效保護(hù)合法收入，堅(jiān)決取 締非法收入，盡快扭轉(zhuǎn)收入差距擴(kuò)大的趨勢(shì)。

We will deepen reform of the income distribution system.We will promptly formulate a master plan for reforming the income distribution system, strive to raise the proportion of individual income in national income, and raise the proportion of remuneration in the primary distribution.We will improve the salary system, put in place a mechanism for regular salary increases, and steadily raise the minimum wage.We will create conditions to increase people's income from property.We will establish a mechanism whereby the public share the proceeds from the sale of public resources.We will take further steps to adjust taxes for high-income groups, strictly standardize supervision of pay and bonuses for senior management in state-owned enterprises and financial institutions, expand the proportion of middle-income groups, raise the incomes of low-income groups, and promote equal opportunity.We will ensure that income distribution is governed by proper standards, effectively protect lawful income, and resolutely ban illegal income.We will quickly reverse the trend of a widening income gap.積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)事業(yè)單位分類改革。科學(xué)劃分事業(yè)單位類別，分類指導(dǎo)、分業(yè)推進(jìn)、分級(jí)組織、分步實(shí)施，深化事業(yè)單位管理體制和人事、收入分配、社會(huì)保障制度改革。

We will actively yet prudently carry out reform of public institutions based on their classification.We will classify public institutions scientifically, provide targeted guidance to each class, and phase in reforms sector by sector, level by level, and step by step to deepen reform of the systems of management, personnel, income distribution, and social security for public institutions.加快推進(jìn)政府改革。擴(kuò)大社會(huì)主義民主，依法實(shí)行民主選舉、民主決策、民主管理、民主監(jiān)督，保障人民的知情權(quán)、參與權(quán)、表達(dá)權(quán)和監(jiān)督權(quán)。全面貫徹 依法治國(guó)基本方略，尊重和維護(hù)憲法和法律的權(quán)威，嚴(yán)格依法行政，堅(jiān)決糾正有法不依、執(zhí)法不嚴(yán)、違法不究、粗暴執(zhí)法、瀆職失職和執(zhí)法腐敗等行為。

We will accelerate government reform.We will expand socialist democracy;conduct democratic election, decision making, administration and oversight in accordance with the law;and protect people's rights to stay informed about, participate in, express views on, and oversee government affairs.We will implement the basic strategy of enforcing the law in both letter and spirit, respect and uphold the sanctity of the Constitution and laws, and govern in strict accordance with the law.We will resolutely rectify the problems of laws not being abided by or fully enforced, lawbreakers not being prosecuted, uncivilized law enforcement, dereliction and neglect of duty, and corrupt practices in law enforcement.加強(qiáng)廉政建設(shè)，深入開(kāi)展反腐敗斗爭(zhēng)，扎實(shí)推進(jìn)懲治和預(yù)防腐敗體系建設(shè)的各項(xiàng)長(zhǎng)期性、基礎(chǔ)性工作，著力解決人民群眾反映強(qiáng)烈的突出問(wèn)題。嚴(yán)格依法 設(shè)定、實(shí)施、清理、規(guī)范行政審批事項(xiàng)。嚴(yán)禁領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部插手政府采購(gòu)、工程招標(biāo)、土地礦業(yè)權(quán)拍賣等經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)。嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部廉潔從政各項(xiàng)規(guī)定。加強(qiáng)行政監(jiān) 督、民主監(jiān)督、輿論監(jiān)督。堅(jiān)決查處各類違紀(jì)違法案件，嚴(yán)厲懲治腐敗分子。

We will work harder to build clean government.To do so, we will fight corruption, effectively carry out the long-term and basic work needed to improve the system of preventing and punishing corruption, and give high priority to solving serious problems that the people are resentful about.We will identify, handle, review and standardize matters subject to administrative approval in strict accordance with the law.Leading officials are strictly forbidden to interfere in economic activities such as government procurement, project tendering and the auctioning of land-use and mining rights.We will strictly implement all regulations which require leading officials to uphold integrity in the performance of their official duties.We will strengthen administrative and democratic oversight and oversight through public opinion, resolutely investigate and prosecute violations of the law or discipline, and severely punish corruptionists.(九)努力提高對(duì)外開(kāi)放的質(zhì)量和水平

9.Striving to improve the opening up policy 我國(guó)對(duì)外開(kāi)放已進(jìn)入新的階段，進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易、雙向投資的地位和作用發(fā)生了深刻變化。必須適應(yīng)新的形勢(shì)，創(chuàng)新對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)工作思路，轉(zhuǎn)變對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，提升開(kāi)放型經(jīng)濟(jì)水平，形成開(kāi)放型經(jīng)濟(jì)新格局。

China has entered a new stage of opening up in which the position and role of imports and exports as well as two-way investment have profoundly changed.We must adapt to changing circumstances, adopt new ways of thinking about our external economic work, change the mode of China's external economic growth, open China's economy wider and bring about a new phase in China's open economy.保持對(duì)外貿(mào)易穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。我們強(qiáng)調(diào)擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需，但決不能忽視外需對(duì)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要作用。要保持外貿(mào)政策基本穩(wěn)定。穩(wěn)定出口退稅政策，擴(kuò)大貿(mào)易融 資和信用保險(xiǎn)，改進(jìn)海關(guān)、質(zhì)檢、外匯等方面的監(jiān)管和服務(wù)，幫助企業(yè)克服訂單不足、成本升高、摩擦增多等多重困難和壓力。要加快轉(zhuǎn)變外貿(mào)發(fā)展方式。深入實(shí)施 科技興貿(mào)、以質(zhì)取勝和市場(chǎng)多元化戰(zhàn)略，支持企業(yè)培育自主品牌、營(yíng)銷網(wǎng)絡(luò)和研發(fā)中心，引導(dǎo)加工貿(mào)易向產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈高端延伸、向中西部轉(zhuǎn)移。鞏固美日歐傳統(tǒng)市場(chǎng)，開(kāi)拓新興市場(chǎng)。

We will maintain steady growth in foreign trade.While expanding domestic demand is crucial, we can never overlook the importance of external demand in China's economic development.We will maintain general continuity in China's foreign trade policy.We will continue to implement the export tax rebate policy;increase trade financing and credit insurance;ensure that customs, quality inspectors, and foreign exchange authorities improve their supervision and services;and help enterprises overcome difficulties and pressures resulting from falling orders, rising costs, and increasing trade friction.We will speed up transformation of the way we develop foreign trade.We will fully implement the strategy of boosting trade through upgrading technologies, improving quality, and diversifying markets.We will support enterprises in building their own brands, marketing networks, and R&D centers, and guide our processing trade to move up the industrial chain and shift to the central and western regions.We will consolidate traditional markets in the United States, Japan, and Europe and open up emerging markets.穩(wěn)定勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)品出口，擴(kuò)大高技術(shù)、高附加值產(chǎn)品出口，控制高耗能、高污染產(chǎn)品出口。大力發(fā)展服務(wù)貿(mào)易，承接服務(wù)外包。制定加強(qiáng)進(jìn)口、促進(jìn)貿(mào)易平衡的指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)，完善進(jìn)口政策，搭建更多的進(jìn)口促進(jìn)平臺(tái)，推動(dòng)進(jìn)出口平衡發(fā)展。

We will keep labor-intensive exports stable, expand the export of high-tech and high-value-added products, and limit the export of goods whose production is energy intensive and highly polluting.We will work hard to promote trade in services and undertake more services outsourced by other countries.We will adopt guidelines to increase imports and promote trade balance, improve import policies, build more platforms to promote imports, and work for balanced growth of exports and imports.提高利用外資質(zhì)量。堅(jiān)持積極有效利用外資的方針，更加注重優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)和提高質(zhì)量。實(shí)施新修訂的外商投資產(chǎn)業(yè)指導(dǎo)目錄，引導(dǎo)外資更多投向先進(jìn)制造業(yè)、高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)、節(jié)能環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)、現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)和中西部地區(qū)。

We will improve the use of foreign capital.We will adhere to the policy of actively and effectively utilizing foreign capital and give greater importance to optimizing its structure and raising its quality.We will implement the newly revised Proposed List of Industries for Foreign Investment, and encourage more foreign investment in advanced manufacturing, new and high technologies, energy conservation, environmental protection, new service industries, and the central and western regions.實(shí)施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略。我國(guó)正處于對(duì)外投資加快發(fā)展的重要階段，要加強(qiáng)宏觀指導(dǎo)，強(qiáng)化政策支持，簡(jiǎn)化審批手續(xù)，健全服務(wù)保障。引導(dǎo)各類所有制企業(yè) 有序開(kāi)展境外能源、原材料、農(nóng)業(yè)、制造業(yè)、服務(wù)業(yè)、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施等領(lǐng)域投資合作和跨國(guó)并購(gòu)。創(chuàng)新境外經(jīng)貿(mào)合作區(qū)發(fā)展模式，支持“走出去”的企業(yè)相互協(xié)同、集群 發(fā)展。放寬居民境外投資限制。加強(qiáng)對(duì)外投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理，維護(hù)我境外企業(yè)人員和資產(chǎn)安全。

We will implement the “go global” strategy.With China's outward investment in an important stage of accelerated development, we will enhance macro-guidance, increase policy support, streamline approval procedures, and improve services for Chinese investors.We will guide Chinese enterprises under various forms of ownership in making overseas investments, mergers and acquisitions in energy, raw materials, agriculture, manufacturing, service industries, and infrastructure in an orderly manner.We will explore new models for overseas economic and trade cooperation zones, and support companies making overseas investments in coordinating their growth and forming clusters.We will standardize development of cooperative overseas labor services.Restrictions on individuals investing overseas will be relaxed.We will strengthen risk management of overseas investments and protect the safety of employees and assets of Chinese enterprises operating overseas.參與全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理和區(qū)域合作。努力保持與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系穩(wěn)定發(fā)展，全面深化與發(fā)展中國(guó)家的互利合作。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)自貿(mào)區(qū)建設(shè)和區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化進(jìn) 程。積極參與二十國(guó)集團(tuán)等全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理機(jī)制建設(shè)，加強(qiáng)與主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策協(xié)調(diào)，反對(duì)各種形式的保護(hù)主義，繼續(xù)在多哈回合談判、國(guó)際金融體系改革中發(fā) 揮建設(shè)性作用。

We will participate in global economic governance and regional cooperation.We will strive to maintain steady growth of China's economic and trade relations with developed countries and comprehensively deepen mutually beneficial cooperation with developing countries.We will continue to promote development of free trade zones and regional economic integration.We will actively participate in building mechanisms for global economic governance such as the G20, strengthen coordination with major economies on macroeconomic policy, oppose protectionism in all its forms, and continue to play a constructive role in the Doha Round of trade talks and the reform of the international financial system.各位代表！我國(guó)是統(tǒng)一的多民族國(guó)家，各民族共同團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗、共同繁榮發(fā)展，國(guó)家才能興旺發(fā)達(dá)。要堅(jiān)持和完善民族區(qū)域自治制度，認(rèn)真貫徹落實(shí)中央支 持少數(shù)民族和民族地區(qū)發(fā)展的政策措施，大力實(shí)施扶持人口較少民族發(fā)展、推進(jìn)興邊富民行動(dòng)和發(fā)展少數(shù)民族事業(yè)規(guī)劃。堅(jiān)定不移地鞏固和發(fā)展平等團(tuán)結(jié)互助和諧的 社會(huì)主義民族關(guān)系。

Fellow deputies, China is a unified, multiethnic country.Only when its ethnic groups are united as one and work for the development of all can China achieve prosperity.We will adhere to and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy, fully implement the central leadership's policies and measures for supporting the development of ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas, and energetically implement plans to support development of ethnic groups with small populations, projects to bring prosperity to border areas and residents there, and services for ethnic minorities.We will unwaveringly consolidate and develop socialist ethnic relations of equality, solidarity, mutual assistance, and harmony.認(rèn)真貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針。維護(hù)宗教團(tuán)體、宗教界人士和信教群眾的合法權(quán)益，充分發(fā)揮他們?cè)诖龠M(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、文化繁榮、社會(huì)和諧中的積極作用。全面貫徹黨的僑務(wù)政策。維護(hù)海外僑胞和歸僑僑眷合法權(quán)益，支持他們積極參與祖國(guó)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)與和平統(tǒng)一大業(yè)。We will fully implement the Party's policy on overseas Chinese affairs, protect the lawful rights and interests of overseas Chinese and returned overseas Chinese and their relatives, and support them in taking an active part in the endeavor to modernize China and in advancing the great cause of China's peaceful reunification.各位代表！鞏固的國(guó)防和強(qiáng)大的軍隊(duì)，是維護(hù)國(guó)家主權(quán)、安全和發(fā)展利益的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)后盾。要著眼全面履行新世紀(jì)新階段軍隊(duì)歷史使命，全面加強(qiáng)軍隊(duì)革命化現(xiàn)代化正規(guī)化建設(shè)，不斷提高以打贏信息化條件下局部戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)能力為核心的完成多樣化軍事任務(wù)的能力。加強(qiáng)思想政治建 設(shè)，堅(jiān)持黨對(duì)軍隊(duì)絕對(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的根本原則和人民軍隊(duì)的根本宗旨。積極開(kāi)展信息化條件下軍事訓(xùn)練。

Fellow deputies, strong national defense and powerful armed forces provide a firm guarantee for safeguarding China's sovereignty, security, and development interests.We will make the armed forces more revolutionary, modern, and standardized in all respects so they can comprehensively accomplish their historic mission at the new stage in the new century.We will enhance the armed forces' capability to accomplish a wide range of military tasks, the most important of which is to win local wars under information-age conditions.We will strengthen their ideological and political standards, and adhere to the fundamental principle of the Party having absolute leadership over the armed forces, and we should maintain the Chinese armed forces' fundamental purpose of being an army of the people.We will vigorously carry out military training under information-age conditions.加快全面建設(shè)現(xiàn)代后勤步伐。大力提高國(guó)防科技和武器裝備自主創(chuàng)新能力。著力培養(yǎng)高素質(zhì)新型軍事人才。積極穩(wěn)妥地實(shí)施國(guó)防和軍隊(duì)改革。堅(jiān)持依法治 軍、從嚴(yán)治軍。全面建設(shè)現(xiàn)代化武裝警察力量。加強(qiáng)國(guó)防動(dòng)員和后備力量建設(shè)。堅(jiān)決完成反恐維穩(wěn)、處置突發(fā)事件、搶

第二篇：溫總理政府工作報(bào)告

據(jù)新華社北京３月５日電 溫家寶說(shuō)，要大力實(shí)施科教興國(guó)戰(zhàn)略和人才強(qiáng)國(guó)戰(zhàn)略。堅(jiān)持優(yōu)先發(fā)展教育。２０１２年財(cái)政性教育經(jīng)費(fèi)支出占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重達(dá)到４％。公辦民辦并舉，增加學(xué)前教育資源，抓緊解決“入園難”問(wèn)題。加強(qiáng)義務(wù)教育階段學(xué)校標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化建設(shè)，公共資源配置重點(diǎn)向農(nóng)村和城市薄弱學(xué)校傾斜。以流入地政府和公辦學(xué)校為主，切實(shí)保障農(nóng)民工隨遷子女平等接受義務(wù)教育。支持民族地區(qū)教育發(fā)展，做好“雙語(yǔ)”教學(xué)工作。全面推進(jìn)素質(zhì)教育。加快教育改革，切實(shí)減輕中小學(xué)生過(guò)重課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)，保證中小學(xué)生每天一小時(shí)校園體育活動(dòng)。大力發(fā)展職業(yè)教育。引導(dǎo)高中階段學(xué)校和高等學(xué)校辦出特色，增強(qiáng)學(xué)生就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)能力。加強(qiáng)重點(diǎn)學(xué)科建設(shè)，加快建設(shè)一批世界一流大學(xué)。支持特殊教育發(fā)展。落實(shí)和完善國(guó)家助學(xué)制度，無(wú)論哪個(gè)教育階段，都要確保每個(gè)孩子不因家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難而失學(xué)。

以高層次和高技能人才為重點(diǎn)，加快培養(yǎng)造就一大批創(chuàng)新型科技人才和急需緊缺人才。深化選人用人制度改革，努力營(yíng)造平等公開(kāi)、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)擇優(yōu)的制度和社會(huì)環(huán)境，激勵(lì)優(yōu)秀人才脫穎而出，創(chuàng)造人盡其才的良好局面。

加快實(shí)施國(guó)家科技重大專項(xiàng)，突破一批核心關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，提升重大集成創(chuàng)新能力。加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)研究、前沿技術(shù)研究，增強(qiáng)原始創(chuàng)新能力。推動(dòng)建立企業(yè)主導(dǎo)技術(shù)研發(fā)創(chuàng)新的體制機(jī)制。鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)共同出資開(kāi)展關(guān)鍵共性技術(shù)研發(fā)，共擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、共享成果，對(duì)符合國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略方向的項(xiàng)目，政府要從政策和資金上給予支持。深化科技管理體制改革，促進(jìn)科技資源優(yōu)化配置、高效利用和開(kāi)放共享。保持財(cái)政科技投入穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)，提高科研經(jīng)費(fèi)使用效率。提升知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的創(chuàng)造、應(yīng)用、保護(hù)、管理能力，激發(fā)全社會(huì)創(chuàng)新活力。

重視保障改善民生

據(jù)新華社北京３月５日電 溫家寶強(qiáng)調(diào)，經(jīng)濟(jì)越發(fā)展，越要重視加強(qiáng)社會(huì)建設(shè)和保障改善民生。

要繼續(xù)實(shí)施更加積極的就業(yè)政策。今年中央財(cái)政擬投入４２３億元，用于扶助和促進(jìn)就業(yè)。繼續(xù)把高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)放在首位，做好重點(diǎn)人群就業(yè)工作。加強(qiáng)勞動(dòng)保障監(jiān)察執(zhí)法，完善勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議處理機(jī)制，依法維護(hù)勞動(dòng)者權(quán)益，構(gòu)建和諧勞動(dòng)關(guān)系。

合理調(diào)整收入分配關(guān)系。今年重點(diǎn)采取三方面措施：一是著力提高城鄉(xiāng)低收入群眾的基本收入。穩(wěn)步提高職工最低工資、企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金和城鄉(xiāng)居民最低生活保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。建立健全職工工資正常增長(zhǎng)機(jī)制，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行最低工資制度。二是加大收入分配調(diào)節(jié)力度。提高個(gè)人所得稅工薪所得費(fèi)用扣除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，合理調(diào)整稅率結(jié)構(gòu)，切實(shí)減輕中低收入者稅收負(fù)擔(dān)。有效調(diào)節(jié)過(guò)高收入，加強(qiáng)對(duì)收入過(guò)高行業(yè)工資總額和工資水平的雙重調(diào)控，嚴(yán)格規(guī)范國(guó)有企業(yè)、金融機(jī)構(gòu)高管人員薪酬管理。三是大力整頓和規(guī)范收入分配秩序。堅(jiān)決取締非法收入。

加快健全覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)居民的社會(huì)保障體系。將新型農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)范圍擴(kuò)大到全國(guó)４０％的縣。推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)居民養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)，解決集體企業(yè)退休人員養(yǎng)老保障的歷史遺留問(wèn)題，建立企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金正常調(diào)整機(jī)制。積極推進(jìn)機(jī)關(guān)和事業(yè)單位養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度改革。將國(guó)有企業(yè)、集體企業(yè)“老工傷”人員納入工傷保險(xiǎn)制度。完善城鄉(xiāng)低保制度。將孤兒養(yǎng)育、教育和殘疾孤兒康復(fù)等納入財(cái)政保障范圍。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)殘疾人社會(huì)保障體系和服務(wù)體系建設(shè)。大力發(fā)展慈善事業(yè)。

堅(jiān)定不移地搞好房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)調(diào)控。一是進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大保障性住房建設(shè)規(guī)模。今年要再開(kāi)工建設(shè)保障性住房、棚戶區(qū)改造住房共１０００萬(wàn)套，改造農(nóng)村危房１５０萬(wàn)戶。重點(diǎn)發(fā)展公共租賃住房。中央財(cái)政預(yù)算擬安排補(bǔ)助資金１０３０億元，比上年增加２６５億元。各級(jí)政府要多渠道籌集資金，大幅度增加投入。二是進(jìn)一步落實(shí)和完善房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)調(diào)控政策，堅(jiān)決遏制部分城市房?jī)r(jià)過(guò)快上漲勢(shì)頭。制定并向社會(huì)公布住房建設(shè)計(jì)劃，在新增建設(shè)用地計(jì)劃中，單列保障性住房用地，做到應(yīng)保盡保。重點(diǎn)增加中小套型普通商品住房建設(shè)。規(guī)范發(fā)展住房租賃市場(chǎng)。嚴(yán)格落實(shí)差別化住房信貸、稅收政策，調(diào)整完善房地產(chǎn)相關(guān)稅收政策，加強(qiáng)稅收征管，有效遏制投機(jī)投資性購(gòu)房。三是建立健全考核問(wèn)責(zé)機(jī)制。對(duì)穩(wěn)定房?jī)r(jià)、推進(jìn)保障性住房建設(shè)工作不力，從而影響社會(huì)發(fā)展和穩(wěn)定的地方，要追究責(zé)任。

推進(jìn)醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革發(fā)展。一是在基層全面實(shí)施國(guó)家基本藥物制度。建立完善基本藥物保障供應(yīng)體系，加強(qiáng)藥品監(jiān)管，確保用藥安全，切實(shí)降低藥價(jià)。二是抓好公立醫(yī)院改革試點(diǎn)。完善醫(yī)療糾紛調(diào)處機(jī)制，改善醫(yī)患關(guān)系。三是提高基本醫(yī)療保障水平。穩(wěn)定提高城鎮(zhèn)職工、居民醫(yī)保參保率和新農(nóng)合參合率。今年要把新農(nóng)合和城鎮(zhèn)居民醫(yī)保財(cái)政補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高到２００元。四是完成農(nóng)村三級(jí)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和城市社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)建設(shè)任務(wù)。今年全國(guó)人均基本公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)經(jīng)費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高到２５元。加強(qiáng)重大傳染病、慢性病、職業(yè)病、地方病和精神疾病的預(yù)防控制和規(guī)范管理。加強(qiáng)婦幼保健工作，繼續(xù)推進(jìn)適齡婦女宮頸癌、乳腺癌免費(fèi)檢查和救治保障試點(diǎn)。認(rèn)真做好艾滋病防治工作。大力發(fā)展中醫(yī)藥和民族醫(yī)藥事業(yè)，落實(shí)各項(xiàng)扶持政策。五是鼓勵(lì)社會(huì)資本舉辦醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)。放寬社會(huì)資本和外資舉辦醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)的準(zhǔn)入范圍。完善和推進(jìn)醫(yī)生多點(diǎn)執(zhí)業(yè)制度，鼓勵(lì)醫(yī)生在各類醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)之間合理流動(dòng)和在基層開(kāi)設(shè)診所。

全面做好人口和計(jì)劃生育工作。繼續(xù)穩(wěn)定低生育水平。做好流動(dòng)人口計(jì)劃生育服務(wù)管理工作。加強(qiáng)出生缺陷干預(yù)，進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大免費(fèi)孕前優(yōu)生健康檢查試點(diǎn)，做好孕產(chǎn)婦和嬰幼兒保健工作。農(nóng)村婦女住院分娩率達(dá)到９５％以上。加快建立健全老年人社會(huì)服務(wù)體系，加強(qiáng)公益性養(yǎng)老服務(wù)設(shè)施建設(shè)。

加強(qiáng)和創(chuàng)新社會(huì)管理

據(jù)新華社北京３月５日電 溫家寶指出，要加強(qiáng)和創(chuàng)新社會(huì)管理。

溫家寶說(shuō)，要以城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)為載體，以居民需求為導(dǎo)向，整合人口、就業(yè)、社保、民政、衛(wèi)生、文化等社會(huì)管理職能和服務(wù)資源，實(shí)現(xiàn)政府行政管理與基層群眾自治有效銜接和良性互動(dòng)。加強(qiáng)信訪、人民調(diào)解、行政調(diào)解工作，拓寬社情民意表達(dá)渠道，切實(shí)解決亂占耕地、違法拆遷等群眾反映強(qiáng)烈的問(wèn)題。加強(qiáng)和完善公共安全體系。健全突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急體制，提高全社會(huì)危機(jī)管理和抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力。加強(qiáng)社會(huì)治安綜合治理，嚴(yán)密防范、依法打擊各類違法犯罪活動(dòng)。落實(shí)企業(yè)安全生產(chǎn)和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量主體責(zé)任，堅(jiān)決遏制重特大安全生產(chǎn)事故。完善食品安全監(jiān)管體制機(jī)制，健全法制，嚴(yán)格標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，完善監(jiān)測(cè)評(píng)估、檢驗(yàn)檢測(cè)體系，強(qiáng)化地方政府監(jiān)管責(zé)任，加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管執(zhí)法，全面提高食品安全保障水平。

大力加強(qiáng)文化建設(shè)

據(jù)新華社北京３月５日電 溫家寶說(shuō)，要更好地滿足人民群眾多層次多樣化文化需求，發(fā)揮文化引導(dǎo)社會(huì)、教育人民、推動(dòng)發(fā)展的功能，增強(qiáng)民族凝聚力和創(chuàng)造力。

溫家寶指出，加強(qiáng)公民道德建設(shè)，在全社會(huì)樹(shù)立中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義的共同理想和信念，加快構(gòu)建傳承中華傳統(tǒng)美德、符合社會(huì)主義精神文明要求、適應(yīng)社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的道德和行為規(guī)范。加強(qiáng)誠(chéng)信體系建設(shè)，建立相關(guān)制度和法律法規(guī)。增強(qiáng)公共文化產(chǎn)品供給和服務(wù)能力，重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)中西部地區(qū)和城鄉(xiāng)基層的文化基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，繼續(xù)實(shí)施文化惠民工程。扶持公益性文化事業(yè)，加強(qiáng)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)、利用和傳承。進(jìn)一步繁榮哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)。發(fā)展新聞出版、廣播影視、文學(xué)藝術(shù)、檔案事業(yè)。加強(qiáng)對(duì)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的利用和管理。深化文化體制改革，積極推進(jìn)經(jīng)營(yíng)性文化單位轉(zhuǎn)企改制。大力發(fā)展文化產(chǎn)業(yè)，培育新型文化業(yè)態(tài)，推動(dòng)文化產(chǎn)業(yè)成為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)支柱性產(chǎn)業(yè)。大力開(kāi)展全民健身活動(dòng)，促進(jìn)群眾體育和競(jìng)技體育協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。加強(qiáng)對(duì)外文化體育交流與合作。

深入推進(jìn)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域改革

據(jù)新華社北京３月５日電 溫家寶指出，要深入推進(jìn)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域改革。

他說(shuō)，繼續(xù)推進(jìn)國(guó)有經(jīng)濟(jì)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整，健全國(guó)有資本有進(jìn)有退、合理流動(dòng)機(jī)制。完善國(guó)有金融資產(chǎn)、非經(jīng)營(yíng)性資產(chǎn)和自然資源資產(chǎn)監(jiān)管體制，加強(qiáng)境外國(guó)有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)管。繼續(xù)鼓勵(lì)、支持和引導(dǎo)非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。健全財(cái)力與事權(quán)相匹配的財(cái)稅體制，清理和歸并專項(xiàng)轉(zhuǎn)移支付項(xiàng)目，增加一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付，健全縣級(jí)基本財(cái)力保障機(jī)制。在一些生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)領(lǐng)域推行增值稅改革試點(diǎn)，推進(jìn)資源稅改革。深化預(yù)算管理制度改革，全面編制政府性基金預(yù)算，擴(kuò)大國(guó)有資本經(jīng)營(yíng)預(yù)算范圍，試編社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)基金預(yù)算。繼續(xù)深化金融企業(yè)改革，加快建立現(xiàn)代金融企業(yè)制度。加快培育農(nóng)村新型金融機(jī)構(gòu)。繼續(xù)大力發(fā)展金融市場(chǎng)，鼓勵(lì)金融創(chuàng)新。推進(jìn)利率市場(chǎng)化改革。擴(kuò)大人民幣在跨境貿(mào)易和投資中的使用。推進(jìn)人民幣資本項(xiàng)下可兌換工作。加強(qiáng)和改善金融監(jiān)管，建立健全系統(tǒng)性金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范預(yù)警體系和處置機(jī)制。完善成品油、天

然氣價(jià)格形成機(jī)制和各類電價(jià)定價(jià)機(jī)制。推進(jìn)水價(jià)改革。研究制定排污權(quán)有償使用和交易試點(diǎn)的指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)。積極穩(wěn)妥地分類推進(jìn)事業(yè)單位改革。

進(jìn)一步提高對(duì)外開(kāi)放水平

據(jù)新華社北京３月５日電 溫家寶說(shuō)，要積極發(fā)展互利互惠的多雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系，不斷拓展新的開(kāi)放領(lǐng)域和空間。繼續(xù)推動(dòng)多哈回合談判，反對(duì)各種形式的保護(hù)主義，促進(jìn)國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序朝著更加公正、合理、共贏的方向發(fā)展。

切實(shí)轉(zhuǎn)變外貿(mào)發(fā)展方式。在大力優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)和提高效益的基礎(chǔ)上，保持對(duì)外貿(mào)易穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)。積極擴(kuò)大自主品牌產(chǎn)品出口。大力發(fā)展服務(wù)貿(mào)易和服務(wù)外包，不斷提高服務(wù)貿(mào)易的比重。擴(kuò)大先進(jìn)技術(shù)設(shè)備、關(guān)鍵零部件和能源原材料進(jìn)口，促進(jìn)從最不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和主要順差來(lái)源國(guó)增加進(jìn)口，逐步改善貿(mào)易不平衡狀況，妥善處理貿(mào)易摩擦。

加快實(shí)施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略，為符合條件的企業(yè)和個(gè)人到境外投資提供便利。鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)積極有序開(kāi)展跨國(guó)經(jīng)營(yíng)。加強(qiáng)對(duì)外投資的宏觀指導(dǎo)，防范投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。堅(jiān)持積極有效利用外資的方針，注重引進(jìn)先進(jìn)技術(shù)和人才、智力資源，鼓勵(lì)跨國(guó)公司在華設(shè)立研發(fā)中心，切實(shí)提高利用外資的總體水平和綜合效益。抓緊修訂外商投資產(chǎn)業(yè)目錄，鼓勵(lì)外資投向高新技術(shù)、節(jié)能環(huán)保、現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)等領(lǐng)域和中西部地區(qū)。

加強(qiáng)廉政建設(shè)和反腐敗工作

據(jù)新華社北京３月５日電 溫家寶強(qiáng)調(diào)，要加快解決反腐倡廉建設(shè)中的突出問(wèn)題，扎實(shí)推進(jìn)懲治和預(yù)防腐敗體系建設(shè)，把查辦大案要案作為反腐敗的重要舉措，同時(shí)更加注重制度建設(shè)。

溫家寶說(shuō)一是認(rèn)真治理政府工作人員以權(quán)謀私和瀆職侵權(quán)問(wèn)題。針對(duì)工程建設(shè)、土地使用權(quán)出讓和礦產(chǎn)資源開(kāi)發(fā)、國(guó)有產(chǎn)權(quán)交易、政府采購(gòu)等重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域存在的問(wèn)題，加大查處違法違紀(jì)案件工作力度，堅(jiān)決懲處腐敗分子。二是切實(shí)加強(qiáng)廉潔自律，認(rèn)真貫徹執(zhí)行《廉政準(zhǔn)則》，落實(shí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部收入、房產(chǎn)、投資以及配偶子女從業(yè)、移居國(guó)（境）外等情況定期報(bào)告制度，自覺(jué)接受監(jiān)督。加強(qiáng)審計(jì)和監(jiān)察工作。加大對(duì)行政機(jī)關(guān)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部和國(guó)有企業(yè)、事業(yè)單位負(fù)責(zé)人的監(jiān)督力度。三是堅(jiān)決反對(duì)鋪張浪費(fèi)和形式主義。要精簡(jiǎn)會(huì)議、文件，清理和規(guī)范各種達(dá)標(biāo)、評(píng)比、表彰以及論壇、慶典等活動(dòng)，從經(jīng)費(fèi)上嚴(yán)加控制。規(guī)范公務(wù)用車配備管理并積極推進(jìn)公務(wù)用車制度改革。加快實(shí)行財(cái)政預(yù)算公開(kāi)，讓人民知道政府花了多少錢，辦了什么事。

全面加強(qiáng)軍隊(duì)革命化現(xiàn)代化正規(guī)化建設(shè)

據(jù)新華社北京３月５日電 溫家寶說(shuō)，要緊緊圍繞黨和國(guó)家工作大局，著眼有效履行新世紀(jì)新階段我軍歷史使命，全面加強(qiáng)軍隊(duì)革命化現(xiàn)代化正規(guī)化建設(shè)，不斷提高以打贏信息化條件下局部戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)能力為核心的完成多樣化軍事任務(wù)的能力。

溫家寶指出，堅(jiān)持把思想政治建設(shè)擺在首位。積極開(kāi)展信息化條件下的軍事訓(xùn)練。加快全面建設(shè)現(xiàn)代后勤步伐。推動(dòng)軍民融合式發(fā)展，加強(qiáng)國(guó)防科研和武器裝備建設(shè)。積極穩(wěn)妥地推進(jìn)國(guó)防和軍隊(duì)改革。堅(jiān)持依法治軍、從嚴(yán)治軍。堅(jiān)決完成搶險(xiǎn)救災(zāi)等急難險(xiǎn)重任務(wù)。建設(shè)現(xiàn)代化武裝警察力量，增強(qiáng)執(zhí)勤、處置突發(fā)事件和反恐維穩(wěn)能力。加強(qiáng)國(guó)防動(dòng)員和后備力量建設(shè)，鞏固和發(fā)展軍政軍民團(tuán)結(jié)。

全力支持香港、澳門(mén)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)、改善民生

據(jù)新華社北京３月５日電 溫家寶說(shuō)，我們將堅(jiān)定不移地貫徹“一國(guó)兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，全力支持香港、澳門(mén)兩個(gè)特別行政區(qū)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)，改善民生。

溫家寶說(shuō)，支持香港鞏固和提升國(guó)際金融、貿(mào)易、航運(yùn)中心地位。支持澳門(mén)建設(shè)世界旅游休閑中心，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)適度多元發(fā)展。充分發(fā)揮香港、澳門(mén)在國(guó)家整體發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略中的獨(dú)特作用。進(jìn)一步提高內(nèi)地與港澳合作的機(jī)制化水平，支持粵港澳深化區(qū)域合作，實(shí)現(xiàn)互利共贏。

堅(jiān)持發(fā)展兩岸關(guān)系、促進(jìn)祖國(guó)和平統(tǒng)一的大政方針和各項(xiàng)政策

據(jù)新華社北京３月５日電 溫家寶強(qiáng)調(diào)，我們將堅(jiān)持新形勢(shì)下發(fā)展兩岸關(guān)系、促進(jìn)祖國(guó)和平統(tǒng)一的大政方針和各項(xiàng)政策。

溫家寶說(shuō)，繼續(xù)推進(jìn)兩岸協(xié)商，積極落實(shí)兩岸經(jīng)濟(jì)合作框架協(xié)議，加強(qiáng)產(chǎn)業(yè)合作，加快新興產(chǎn)業(yè)、金融等現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)合作發(fā)展，支持有條件的大陸企業(yè)赴臺(tái)投資。支持海峽西岸經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)在推進(jìn)兩岸交流合作中發(fā)揮先行先試作用。深入開(kāi)展兩岸社會(huì)各界交流，積極拓展兩岸文化教育合作。增進(jìn)兩岸政治互信，鞏固兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的政治基礎(chǔ)，共同維護(hù)兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的良好局面。

推動(dòng)建設(shè)持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界

據(jù)新華社北京３月５日電 溫家寶說(shuō)，我們將繼續(xù)高舉和平、發(fā)展、合作的旗幟，堅(jiān)持獨(dú)立自主的和平外交政策，堅(jiān)持走和平發(fā)展道路，堅(jiān)持奉行互利共贏的開(kāi)放戰(zhàn)略，堅(jiān)持推動(dòng)建設(shè)持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界，為我國(guó)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)創(chuàng)造更加有利的外部環(huán)境和條件。

他說(shuō)，我們要保持與主要大國(guó)關(guān)系健康穩(wěn)定發(fā)展，積極推進(jìn)對(duì)話合作，擴(kuò)大共同利益和合作基礎(chǔ)。堅(jiān)持“與鄰為善，以鄰為伴”的周邊外交方針，深化同周邊國(guó)家的睦鄰友好合作關(guān)系，推進(jìn)區(qū)域次區(qū)域合作進(jìn)程。增進(jìn)同廣大發(fā)展中國(guó)家的傳統(tǒng)友好合作關(guān)系，進(jìn)一步落實(shí)和擴(kuò)大合作成果，推進(jìn)合作方式創(chuàng)新和機(jī)制建設(shè)。積極開(kāi)展多邊外交，以二十國(guó)集團(tuán)峰會(huì)等為主要平臺(tái)，加強(qiáng)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策協(xié)調(diào)，推動(dòng)國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)金融體系改革，促進(jìn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)勁、可持續(xù)、平衡增長(zhǎng)，在推動(dòng)解決熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題和全球性問(wèn)題上發(fā)揮建設(shè)性作用，履行應(yīng)盡的國(guó)際責(zé)任和義務(wù)。

第三篇：溫總理經(jīng)典語(yǔ)錄 中英

入則懇懇以盡忠，出則謙謙以自悔。

Goes officials should serve as loyal as they can conscientiously when they are in office and engage in modest self-reflection when their terms end.茍利國(guó)家生死以，豈因禍福避趨之

In line with the conviction that I will do whatever it takes to serve my country even at the cost of my own life, regardless of fortune or misfortune to myself.知我罪我，其惟春秋。

“There are people who will appreciate what I have done but there are also people who will criticize me,” he said.“Ultimately, history will have the final say.”

2012年

1.守職而不廢 處義而不回。I will not waver and carry out my duties, and will remain true to my conviction.2.入則懇懇以盡忠，出則謙謙以自悔。Officials should serve as loyal as they can conscientiously when they are in office and engage in modest self-reflection when their terms end.3.知我罪我，其惟春秋。There are people who will appreciate what I have done but there are also people who will criticize me, ultimately, history will have the final say.4.茍利國(guó)家生死以，豈因禍福避趨之。In line with the conviction that I will do whatever it takes to serve my country even at the cost of my own life, regardless of fortune or misfortune to myself.2011年

5.骨肉之親，析而不殊。Brothers, though geographically apart will always be bound by their blood ties.6.如將不盡，與古為新。It is only with reform that we can ensure continuous existence and growth.2010年

7.行百里者半九十。That is half of the people who have embarked on a one hundred mile journey may fall by the wayside.小編：這句古文的翻譯，當(dāng)年引起了很大的爭(zhēng)議。這句古文的原義是“走一百里路，走了九十里才算走了一半。比喻做事需要鍥而不舍，越接近成功越不能放松。”這里，張璐在當(dāng)時(shí)譯成了“在百里的旅途中，有一半的人會(huì)在途中放棄。”這里，給大家提供另一種版本的譯法，大家可以參考看看“Ninety miles is but half of a hundred miles journey—the going is toughest towards the end of a journey.”

8.亦余心之所向兮，雖九死其猶未悔。For the ideal that I hold dear to my heart, I will not regret a thousand depth to die.9.人或加訕，心無(wú)疵兮。My conscience stays untainted inspite of rumors and slanders from the outside.2012年答記者問(wèn)

“我將在最后一年守職而不廢，處義而不回，永遠(yuǎn)和人民在一起。”（黃石公 《素書(shū)》）“入則懇懇以盡忠，出則謙謙以自悔。”（張養(yǎng)浩 《為政忠告》）

——An old Chinese saying goes officials should serve as loyal as they can

conscientiously when they are in office and engage in modest self-reflection when their terms end.“茍利國(guó)家生死以，豈因禍福避趨之”。（林則徐《赴戍登程口占示家人》）

“知我罪我，其惟春秋。”（《孟子·滕文公下》）

“在最后一年，我將像一匹負(fù)軛的老馬，不到最后一刻絕不松套。”

——I will work as a burdened old horse in my last year in office to the last day.2011年答記者問(wèn)

“政如農(nóng)工，日夜思之，思其始而成其終。”（《左傳》）

——談剩余兩年任期

“憂國(guó)不謀身，恪盡職守。”（劉禹錫《學(xué)阮公體三首》）

答答美國(guó)有線電視新聞網(wǎng)記者關(guān)于卸任的問(wèn)題

“如將不盡，與古為新。”（司空?qǐng)D的《二十四詩(shī)品》）

——答美國(guó)有線電視新聞網(wǎng)記者關(guān)于政治改革的問(wèn)題

2010年答記者問(wèn)

1.幾百年來(lái)，這幅畫(huà)輾轉(zhuǎn)流失，但現(xiàn)在我知道，一半放在杭州博物館，一半放在臺(tái)灣故宮博物院，我希望兩幅畫(huà)什么時(shí)候能合成一幅畫(huà)。畫(huà)是如此，人何以堪。（《世說(shuō)新語(yǔ)?言語(yǔ)》）

I cherish the same wish not only for the painting but also for people on both sides of the Strait.2.我們應(yīng)該記住這樣一條古訓(xùn)：行百里者半九十。（《戰(zhàn)國(guó)策·秦策五》）

Half of the people who have embarked on a one hundred mile journey may fall by the wayside.3.我深深愛(ài)著我的國(guó)家，沒(méi)有一片土地讓我這樣深情和激動(dòng)，沒(méi)有一條河流讓我這樣沉思和起伏。亦余心之所善兮，雖九死其尤未悔。我將以此明志，做好今后三年的工作。（《離騷》）

For the ideal that I hold dear to my heart, I will not regret thousand depth to die.4.同時(shí)我們要堅(jiān)定信心，華山再高，頂有過(guò)路。

No matter how high the mountain is, one can always ascend to its top.5.中國(guó)有一句古語(yǔ)：人或加訕，心無(wú)疵兮。（《子劉子自傳》）

My conscience stays untainted in spite of rumors and slanders from the outside.6.我知道商簽協(xié)議是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的過(guò)程，但是正因?yàn)槲覀兪切值埽值茈m有小忿，不廢懿親，問(wèn)題總會(huì)可以解決的。（《左傳》）

I understand the negotiation may be a complex process, but differences between brothers cannot sever their blood ties, and I believe that problems will eventually be solved.

第四篇：溫總理2012年政府工作報(bào)告

國(guó)務(wù)院總理溫家寶政府工作報(bào)告

中國(guó)網(wǎng)3月5日訊十一屆全國(guó)人大五次會(huì)議5日上午9時(shí)在北京人民大會(huì)堂開(kāi)幕，國(guó)務(wù)院總理溫家寶向大會(huì)作政府工作報(bào)告。以下為報(bào)告實(shí)錄：

各位代表：現(xiàn)在，我代表國(guó)務(wù)院，向大會(huì)報(bào)告政府工作，請(qǐng)各位代表審議，并請(qǐng)全國(guó)政協(xié)委員提出意見(jiàn)。

一、2011年工作回顧

過(guò)去的一年，面對(duì)復(fù)雜多變的國(guó)際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境和艱巨繁重的國(guó)內(nèi)改革發(fā)展任務(wù)，全國(guó)各族人民在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，同心同德，團(tuán)結(jié)奮進(jìn)，改革開(kāi)放和社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得新的重大成就。

國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值47.2萬(wàn)億元，比上年增長(zhǎng)9.2％；公共財(cái)政收入10.37萬(wàn)億元，增長(zhǎng)24.8％；糧食產(chǎn)量1.14萬(wàn)億斤，再創(chuàng)歷史新高；城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1221萬(wàn)人，城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入和農(nóng)村居民人均純收入實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)8.4％和11.4％。我們鞏固和擴(kuò)大了應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)沖擊成果，實(shí)現(xiàn)了“十二五”時(shí)期良好開(kāi)局。

一年來(lái)，我們主要做了以下工作：

(一)加強(qiáng)和改善宏觀調(diào)控，遏制物價(jià)過(guò)快上漲，實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。我們實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策，堅(jiān)持正確處理保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)和管理通脹預(yù)期的關(guān)系，更加注重把握好政策實(shí)施的重點(diǎn)、力度和節(jié)奏，努力做

成了大量?jī)?yōu)質(zhì)資產(chǎn)；也存在一些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隱患，特別是部分償債能力較弱地區(qū)存在局部性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

我們認(rèn)真開(kāi)展債務(wù)清理整頓和規(guī)范工作，嚴(yán)格控制增量，積極穩(wěn)妥解決債務(wù)償還和在建項(xiàng)目后續(xù)融資問(wèn)題。目前，我國(guó)政府性債務(wù)水平是可控的、安全的。總的看，我國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)繼續(xù)朝著宏觀調(diào)控預(yù)期方向發(fā)展，抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力不斷增強(qiáng)，呈現(xiàn)增長(zhǎng)較快、價(jià)格趨穩(wěn)、效益較好、民生改善的良好態(tài)勢(shì)。

(二)加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，提高發(fā)展的協(xié)調(diào)性和產(chǎn)業(yè)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。我們堅(jiān)持有扶有控，促進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和優(yōu)化升級(jí)，增強(qiáng)發(fā)展后勁。

鞏固和加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)。全面落實(shí)強(qiáng)農(nóng)惠農(nóng)富農(nóng)政策，加大農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)補(bǔ)貼力度，穩(wěn)步提高糧食最低收購(gòu)價(jià)，加強(qiáng)以農(nóng)田水利為重點(diǎn)的農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，開(kāi)展農(nóng)村土地整治，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)和抗災(zāi)減災(zāi)，中央財(cái)政“三農(nóng)”支出超過(guò)1萬(wàn)億元，比上年增加1839億元。農(nóng)業(yè)全面豐收，糧食總產(chǎn)量實(shí)現(xiàn)了歷史罕見(jiàn)的“八連增”，連續(xù)5年超萬(wàn)億斤，標(biāo)志著我國(guó)糧食綜合生產(chǎn)能力穩(wěn)定躍上新臺(tái)階。

繼續(xù)推進(jìn)農(nóng)村危房改造，解決了6398萬(wàn)農(nóng)村人口的飲水困難和60萬(wàn)無(wú)電地區(qū)人口的用電問(wèn)題，農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活條件進(jìn)一步改善。加快產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)。大力培育戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，新能源、新材料、生物醫(yī)藥、高端裝備制造、新能源汽車快速發(fā)展，三網(wǎng)融合、云計(jì)算、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)試點(diǎn)示范工作步伐加快。企業(yè)兼并重

城鎮(zhèn)化率超過(guò)50％，這是中國(guó)社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)的一個(gè)歷史性變化。勝利完成四川汶川特大地震災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建任務(wù)，積極推進(jìn)青海玉樹(shù)、甘肅舟曲、云南盈江抗災(zāi)救災(zāi)和恢復(fù)重建工作。

(三)大力發(fā)展社會(huì)事業(yè)，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。各級(jí)政府加大對(duì)科技、教育、文化、衛(wèi)生、體育事業(yè)的投入，全國(guó)財(cái)政支出2.82萬(wàn)億元。

持續(xù)提升科技創(chuàng)新能力。加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)研究和前沿技術(shù)研究。實(shí)施國(guó)家科技重大專項(xiàng)，突破一些關(guān)鍵核心技術(shù)，填補(bǔ)了多項(xiàng)重大產(chǎn)品和裝備的空白。天宮一號(hào)目標(biāo)飛行器與神舟八號(hào)飛船先后成功發(fā)射并順利交會(huì)對(duì)接，成為我國(guó)載人航天發(fā)展史上新的里程碑。

扎實(shí)推進(jìn)教育公平。深入貫徹落實(shí)教育改革和發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要。經(jīng)過(guò)25年堅(jiān)持不懈的努力，全面實(shí)現(xiàn)“兩基”目標(biāo)。免除3000多萬(wàn)名農(nóng)村寄宿制學(xué)生住宿費(fèi)，其中1228萬(wàn)名中西部家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生享受生活補(bǔ)助。建立起完整的家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生資助體系。初步解決農(nóng)民工隨遷子女在城市接受義務(wù)教育的問(wèn)題。

推動(dòng)實(shí)施“學(xué)前教育三年行動(dòng)計(jì)劃”，提高幼兒入園率。大力發(fā)展職業(yè)教育。加強(qiáng)中小學(xué)教師培訓(xùn)工作，擴(kuò)大中小學(xué)教師職稱制度改革試點(diǎn)，提高中小學(xué)教師隊(duì)伍整體素質(zhì)。首屆免費(fèi)師范生全部到中小學(xué)任教，90％以上在中西部。

大力加強(qiáng)文化建設(shè)。中央財(cái)政加大對(duì)文化惠民工程的支持，各地對(duì)公益性文化事業(yè)投入顯著增加。擴(kuò)大公共文化設(shè)施免費(fèi)開(kāi)

地發(fā)展?jié)摿τ行蜥尫牛唤?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的傳統(tǒng)優(yōu)勢(shì)依然存在，勞動(dòng)力資源豐富、素質(zhì)提高；財(cái)政收支狀況良好，金融體系運(yùn)行穩(wěn)健，社會(huì)資金比較充裕。

世界經(jīng)濟(jì)政治格局正在發(fā)生深刻變化，和平、發(fā)展、合作仍然是時(shí)代潮流，總體上有利于我國(guó)和平發(fā)展。我們要堅(jiān)定信心，善于運(yùn)用有利條件和積極因素，繼續(xù)抓住和用好重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期，推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，不斷增強(qiáng)我國(guó)的綜合國(guó)力和國(guó)際影響力。

我們要高舉中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟，以鄧小平理論和“三個(gè)代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)，加強(qiáng)和改善宏觀調(diào)控，繼續(xù)處理好保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)和管理通脹預(yù)期的關(guān)系，加快推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變和經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，著力擴(kuò)大國(guó)內(nèi)需求特別是消費(fèi)需求，著力加強(qiáng)自主創(chuàng)新和節(jié)能減排，著力深化改革開(kāi)放，著力保障和改善民生，全面推進(jìn)社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會(huì)建設(shè)以及生態(tài)文明建設(shè)，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展和物價(jià)總水平基本穩(wěn)定，保持社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定，以經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的優(yōu)異成績(jī)迎接黨的十八大勝利召開(kāi)。

今年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的主要預(yù)期目標(biāo)是：國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長(zhǎng)7.5％；城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)900萬(wàn)人以上，城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率控制在4.6％以內(nèi)；居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格漲幅控制在4％左右；進(jìn)出口總額增長(zhǎng)10％左右，國(guó)際收支狀況繼續(xù)改善。同時(shí)，要在產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)

施結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅。認(rèn)真落實(shí)和完善支持小型微型企業(yè)和個(gè)體工商戶發(fā)展的各項(xiàng)稅收優(yōu)惠政策，開(kāi)展?fàn)I業(yè)稅改征增值稅試點(diǎn)。繼續(xù)對(duì)行政事業(yè)性收費(fèi)和政府性基金進(jìn)行清理、整合和規(guī)范。加強(qiáng)地方政府性債務(wù)管理和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范。按照分類管理、區(qū)別對(duì)待、逐步化解的原則，繼續(xù)妥善處理存量債務(wù)。

進(jìn)一步清理規(guī)范地方政府融資平臺(tái)公司。堅(jiān)決禁止各級(jí)政府以各種形式違規(guī)擔(dān)保、承諾。同時(shí)，把短期應(yīng)對(duì)措施和長(zhǎng)期制度建設(shè)結(jié)合起來(lái)，嚴(yán)格控制地方政府新增債務(wù)，將地方政府債務(wù)收支分類納入預(yù)算管理。

繼續(xù)實(shí)施穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策。按照總量適度、審慎靈活的要求，兼顧促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、保持物價(jià)穩(wěn)定和防范金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。綜合運(yùn)用各種貨幣政策工具，調(diào)節(jié)好貨幣信貸供求，保持社會(huì)融資規(guī)模合理增長(zhǎng)。廣義貨幣預(yù)期增長(zhǎng)14％。優(yōu)化信貸結(jié)構(gòu)，支持國(guó)家重點(diǎn)在建、續(xù)建項(xiàng)目和保障性安居工程建設(shè)，加強(qiáng)對(duì)符合產(chǎn)業(yè)政策、有市場(chǎng)需求的企業(yè)特別是小型微型企業(yè)的信貸支持，切實(shí)降低實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)融資成本。

三、2012年主要任務(wù)

（一）促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展

擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需特別是消費(fèi)需求是我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展的根本立足點(diǎn)，是今年工作的重點(diǎn)。

著力擴(kuò)大消費(fèi)需求。加快構(gòu)建擴(kuò)大消費(fèi)的長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制。大力調(diào)整收入分配格局，增加中低收入者收入，提高居民消費(fèi)能力。完

儲(chǔ)備和商業(yè)儲(chǔ)備體系，做好主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品收儲(chǔ)和投放，增強(qiáng)市場(chǎng)調(diào)控能力。

搞活流通、降低成本。嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行蔬菜等鮮活農(nóng)產(chǎn)品運(yùn)輸綠色通道政策。認(rèn)真落實(shí)對(duì)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品批發(fā)市場(chǎng)、集貿(mào)市場(chǎng)、社區(qū)平價(jià)菜店等的扶持政策，鼓勵(lì)城市連鎖超市、高校、大型企業(yè)、社區(qū)與農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通企業(yè)、專業(yè)合作社、種養(yǎng)大戶對(duì)接，減少流通環(huán)節(jié)，增加零售網(wǎng)點(diǎn)，充分發(fā)揮流通主渠道作用。

深化流通體制改革。擴(kuò)大物流企業(yè)營(yíng)業(yè)稅差額納稅試點(diǎn)范圍，完善大宗商品倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)設(shè)施用地稅收政策。調(diào)整完善部分農(nóng)產(chǎn)品批發(fā)、零售增值稅政策，推動(dòng)流通標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、信息化建設(shè)。要多管齊下，切實(shí)把流通效率提上去、中間成本降下來(lái)，真正讓生產(chǎn)者和消費(fèi)者都得到好處。

加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管、規(guī)范秩序。重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)對(duì)食品、藥品價(jià)格和醫(yī)療、通信、教育等服務(wù)收費(fèi)的監(jiān)督檢查，堅(jiān)決治理交通運(yùn)輸領(lǐng)域亂收費(fèi)亂罰款，糾正大型零售商業(yè)企業(yè)違規(guī)收費(fèi)行為，嚴(yán)厲查處發(fā)布虛假信息、囤積居奇、操縱價(jià)格、惡意炒作等違法行為。把握好輿論導(dǎo)向，正確引導(dǎo)社會(huì)預(yù)期。三）促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展和農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收

在工業(yè)化和城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展進(jìn)程中，要更加重視農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化。必須堅(jiān)持把解決好“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題作為各項(xiàng)工作的重中之重，進(jìn)一步加大強(qiáng)農(nóng)惠農(nóng)富農(nóng)政策力度，鞏固和發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村好形勢(shì)。

穩(wěn)定發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，多渠道增加農(nóng)民收入。繼續(xù)開(kāi)展糧食穩(wěn)

1村水電路氣以及文化體育等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，推進(jìn)農(nóng)村環(huán)境治理，加快農(nóng)村危房改造，繼續(xù)改善農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活條件。

深化農(nóng)村改革。堅(jiān)持農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營(yíng)制度不動(dòng)搖。要認(rèn)真搞好土地確權(quán)登記頒證。土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)、宅基地使用權(quán)、集體收益分配權(quán)是法律賦予農(nóng)民的財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)利，任何人都不能侵犯。加強(qiáng)土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)管理和服務(wù)，發(fā)展適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)。嚴(yán)格保護(hù)耕地。制定出臺(tái)農(nóng)村集體土地征收補(bǔ)償條例。扶持發(fā)展農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社、產(chǎn)業(yè)化龍頭企業(yè)，開(kāi)展多種形式的農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)化服務(wù)，發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)，提高農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化、組織化程度。深化農(nóng)村綜合改革。推進(jìn)國(guó)有農(nóng)場(chǎng)、林場(chǎng)體制改革。

（四）加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式

解決發(fā)展不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)的問(wèn)題，關(guān)鍵在于加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整，這既是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期過(guò)程，也是當(dāng)前最緊迫的任務(wù)。

促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)。推動(dòng)戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)健康發(fā)展。建立促進(jìn)新能源利用的機(jī)制，加強(qiáng)統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃、項(xiàng)目配套、政策引導(dǎo)，擴(kuò)大國(guó)內(nèi)需求，制止太陽(yáng)能、風(fēng)電等產(chǎn)業(yè)盲目擴(kuò)張。發(fā)展新一代信息技術(shù)，加強(qiáng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，推動(dòng)三網(wǎng)融合取得實(shí)質(zhì)性進(jìn)展。大力發(fā)展高端裝備制造、節(jié)能環(huán)保、生物醫(yī)藥、新能源汽車、新材料等產(chǎn)業(yè)。擴(kuò)大技改專項(xiàng)資金規(guī)模，促進(jìn)傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)改造升級(jí)。

以汽車、鋼鐵、造船、水泥等行業(yè)為重點(diǎn)，控制增量，優(yōu)化存量，推動(dòng)企業(yè)兼并重組，提高產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度和規(guī)模效益。落實(shí)并

3保護(hù)、退耕還林還草、退牧還草成果，加強(qiáng)草原生態(tài)建設(shè)，大力開(kāi)展植樹(shù)造林，推進(jìn)荒漠化、石漠化、坡耕地治理，嚴(yán)格保護(hù)江河源、濕地、湖泊等重要生態(tài)功能區(qū)。加強(qiáng)適應(yīng)氣候變化特別是應(yīng)對(duì)極端氣候事件能力建設(shè)，提高防災(zāi)減災(zāi)能力。堅(jiān)持共同但有區(qū)別的責(zé)任原則和公平原則，建設(shè)性推動(dòng)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化國(guó)際談判進(jìn)程。我們要用行動(dòng)昭告世界，中國(guó)絕不靠犧牲生態(tài)環(huán)境和人民健康來(lái)?yè)Q取經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，我們一定能走出一條生產(chǎn)發(fā)展、生活富裕、生態(tài)良好的文明發(fā)展道路。

促進(jìn)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。實(shí)施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略和主體功能區(qū)規(guī)劃，充分發(fā)揮各地特色和優(yōu)勢(shì)，進(jìn)一步提高區(qū)域發(fā)展的協(xié)調(diào)性和基本公共服務(wù)均等化水平。認(rèn)真落實(shí)西部大開(kāi)發(fā)新10年的政策措施，加大實(shí)施中部地區(qū)崛起戰(zhàn)略的力度，加快推進(jìn)東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地振興，積極支持東部地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展、在更高層次上參與國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)與合作。要加大對(duì)革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)和貧困地區(qū)的扶持力度。

更好地發(fā)揮經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)、上海浦東新區(qū)、天津?yàn)I海新區(qū)在改革開(kāi)放中先行先試的重要作用。制定和實(shí)施海洋發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，促進(jìn)海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。加強(qiáng)和完善跨區(qū)域合作機(jī)制，消除市場(chǎng)壁壘，促進(jìn)要素流動(dòng)，引導(dǎo)產(chǎn)業(yè)有序轉(zhuǎn)移，推動(dòng)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)良性互動(dòng)、協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。

積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化。要遵循城市發(fā)展規(guī)律，從各地實(shí)際出發(fā)，促進(jìn)大中小城市和小城鎮(zhèn)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。根據(jù)資源環(huán)境和人口承

5園等人民群眾關(guān)心的熱點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。農(nóng)村中小學(xué)布局要因地制宜，處理好提高教育質(zhì)量和方便孩子們就近上學(xué)的關(guān)系。辦好農(nóng)村寄宿學(xué)校，實(shí)施好農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育學(xué)生營(yíng)養(yǎng)改善計(jì)劃。加強(qiáng)校車安全管理，確保孩子們的人身安全。加強(qiáng)學(xué)前教育、繼續(xù)教育和特殊教育，建設(shè)現(xiàn)代職業(yè)教育體系。

辦好民族教育。高等教育要與經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展和國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略需要緊密結(jié)合，提高教育質(zhì)量和創(chuàng)新能力。完善國(guó)家助學(xué)制度，逐步將中等職業(yè)教育免學(xué)費(fèi)政策覆蓋到所有農(nóng)村學(xué)生，擴(kuò)大普通高中家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生資助范圍。大力發(fā)展民辦教育，鼓勵(lì)和引導(dǎo)社會(huì)資本進(jìn)入各級(jí)各類教育領(lǐng)域。教育寄托著人民的希望，關(guān)系國(guó)家的未來(lái)，我們一定要把這項(xiàng)事業(yè)辦得更好！

大力推進(jìn)科技創(chuàng)新。加強(qiáng)國(guó)家創(chuàng)新體系建設(shè)。深化科技體制改革，推動(dòng)企業(yè)成為技術(shù)創(chuàng)新主體，促進(jìn)科技與經(jīng)濟(jì)緊密結(jié)合。支持企業(yè)加強(qiáng)研發(fā)中心建設(shè)，承擔(dān)國(guó)家和地區(qū)重大科技項(xiàng)目。引導(dǎo)科研機(jī)構(gòu)、高等院校的科研力量為企業(yè)研發(fā)中心服務(wù)，更好地實(shí)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)學(xué)研有機(jī)結(jié)合，提高科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化和產(chǎn)業(yè)化水平。推動(dòng)基礎(chǔ)研究和前沿技術(shù)研究，提高原始創(chuàng)新能力。完善科技評(píng)價(jià)和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)制度。倡導(dǎo)學(xué)術(shù)誠(chéng)信，鼓勵(lì)獨(dú)立思考，保障學(xué)術(shù)自由，弘揚(yáng)科學(xué)精神。堅(jiān)定不移地實(shí)施國(guó)家知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)戰(zhàn)略。

全面加強(qiáng)人才工作。深化人才體制改革，大力培養(yǎng)造就高水平創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)人才、青年人才和急需緊缺人才，引進(jìn)高層次人才。完善人才培養(yǎng)、任用、評(píng)價(jià)、激勵(lì)機(jī)制。努力營(yíng)造人才輩出、人

7件的地方可對(duì)各類社保經(jīng)辦機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行整合歸并，有些服務(wù)可委托銀行、商業(yè)保險(xiǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)代辦。加快全國(guó)統(tǒng)一的社會(huì)保障卡發(fā)放。

大力推進(jìn)醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革發(fā)展。加快健全全民醫(yī)保體系，鞏固擴(kuò)大基本醫(yī)保覆蓋面，提高基本醫(yī)療保障水平和管理服務(wù)水平。城鎮(zhèn)居民醫(yī)保和新農(nóng)合補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高到每人每年240元。全面推開(kāi)尿毒癥等8類大病保障，將肺癌等12類大病納入保障和救助試點(diǎn)范圍。鞏固完善基本藥物制度，加強(qiáng)基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系建設(shè)。

推進(jìn)公立醫(yī)院改革，實(shí)行醫(yī)藥分開(kāi)、管辦分開(kāi)，破除以藥補(bǔ)醫(yī)機(jī)制。鼓勵(lì)引導(dǎo)社會(huì)資本辦醫(yī)，加快形成對(duì)外開(kāi)放的多元辦醫(yī)格局。充分調(diào)動(dòng)醫(yī)務(wù)工作者積極性，建立和諧的醫(yī)患關(guān)系。加強(qiáng)公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)，預(yù)防控制嚴(yán)重威脅群眾健康的重大傳染病、慢性病、職業(yè)病。加強(qiáng)藥品安全工作。扶持和促進(jìn)中醫(yī)藥和民族醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展。

全面做好人口和計(jì)劃生育工作。繼續(xù)穩(wěn)定低生育水平，綜合治理出生人口性別比偏高問(wèn)題，提高出生人口質(zhì)量。加快實(shí)現(xiàn)計(jì)劃生育優(yōu)質(zhì)服務(wù)全覆蓋，將免費(fèi)孕前優(yōu)生健康檢查試點(diǎn)范圍擴(kuò)大到60%的縣（市、區(qū)）。提高農(nóng)村部分計(jì)劃生育家庭獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)扶助、特殊扶助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。加強(qiáng)流動(dòng)人口計(jì)劃生育服務(wù)管理。

做好婦女兒童工作，擴(kuò)大農(nóng)村婦女宮頸癌、乳腺癌免費(fèi)檢查覆蓋面，提高婦女兒童發(fā)展和權(quán)益保障水平。進(jìn)一步完善殘疾人社會(huì)保障體系和服務(wù)體系。積極發(fā)展老齡事業(yè)，加快建設(shè)社會(huì)養(yǎng)

文化是人類的精神家園，優(yōu)秀文化傳承是一個(gè)民族生生不息的血脈。要提供優(yōu)質(zhì)豐富的文化產(chǎn)品，不斷滿足人民群眾的精神文化需求。深入推進(jìn)社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值體系建設(shè)。加強(qiáng)社會(huì)公德、職業(yè)道德、家庭美德和個(gè)人品德教育，做好青少年思想道德教育工作，努力形成知榮辱、講正氣、守誠(chéng)信、作奉獻(xiàn)、促和諧的良好風(fēng)尚。大力發(fā)展公益性文化事業(yè)。以農(nóng)村和中西部地區(qū)為重點(diǎn)，加強(qiáng)基層文化設(shè)施建設(shè)。

推動(dòng)哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)繁榮發(fā)展，積極發(fā)展新聞出版、廣播影視、文學(xué)藝術(shù)和檔案事業(yè)。加強(qiáng)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)，繁榮發(fā)展少數(shù)民族文化事業(yè)。深化文化體制改革，繼續(xù)推動(dòng)經(jīng)營(yíng)性文化單位轉(zhuǎn)企改制。提高文化產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模化、集約化、專業(yè)化水平，推動(dòng)文化產(chǎn)業(yè)成為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)支柱性產(chǎn)業(yè)。深入開(kāi)展對(duì)外人文交流，促進(jìn)中外文化相互借鑒。廣泛開(kāi)展全民健身活動(dòng)，增強(qiáng)人民體質(zhì)，促進(jìn)體育事業(yè)和體育產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。中華文化具有強(qiáng)大的向心力和震撼力，當(dāng)代中華兒女一定要肩負(fù)起弘揚(yáng)中華文化的歷史重任。

（八）深入推進(jìn)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域改革

改革開(kāi)放是決定中國(guó)前途命運(yùn)的正確抉擇。必須按照科學(xué)發(fā)展觀要求，尊重群眾首創(chuàng)精神，大膽探索，以更大決心和勇氣繼續(xù)全面推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制、政治體制等各項(xiàng)改革，破解發(fā)展難題。當(dāng)前和今后一段時(shí)期，改革的重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)是：

進(jìn)一步轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能，完善宏觀調(diào)控體系，理順政府與市場(chǎng)的關(guān)系，更好地發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)配置資源的基礎(chǔ)性作用；推進(jìn)財(cái)稅體制

深化價(jià)格改革。穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)電價(jià)改革，實(shí)施居民階梯電價(jià)改革方案，完善水電、核電及可再生能源定價(jià)機(jī)制。逐步理順煤電價(jià)格關(guān)系。完善成品油價(jià)格改革，推進(jìn)天然氣價(jià)格改革。實(shí)行最嚴(yán)格的水資源管理制度，合理制定和調(diào)整各地水資源費(fèi)征收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)水價(jià)綜合改革。開(kāi)展碳排放和排污權(quán)交易試點(diǎn)。加快建立完善生態(tài)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制。

深化收入分配制度改革。抓緊制定收入分配體制改革總體方案。努力提高居民收入在國(guó)民收入分配中的比重，提高勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬在初次分配中的比重。完善工資制度，建立工資正常增長(zhǎng)機(jī)制，穩(wěn)步提高最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。創(chuàng)造條件增加居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入。建立公共資源出讓收益的全民共享機(jī)制。加大對(duì)高收入者的稅收調(diào)節(jié)力度，嚴(yán)格規(guī)范國(guó)有企業(yè)、金融機(jī)構(gòu)高管人員薪酬管理，擴(kuò)大中等收入者比重，提高低收入者的收入，促進(jìn)機(jī)會(huì)公平。規(guī)范收入分配秩序，有效保護(hù)合法收入，堅(jiān)決取締非法收入，盡快扭轉(zhuǎn)收入差距擴(kuò)大的趨勢(shì)。

積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)事業(yè)單位分類改革。科學(xué)劃分事業(yè)單位類別，分類指導(dǎo)、分業(yè)推進(jìn)、分級(jí)組織、分步實(shí)施，深化事業(yè)單位管理體制和人事、收入分配、社會(huì)保障制度改革。

加快推進(jìn)政府改革。擴(kuò)大社會(huì)主義民主，依法實(shí)行民主選舉、民主決策、民主管理、民主監(jiān)督，保障人民的知情權(quán)、參與權(quán)、表達(dá)權(quán)和監(jiān)督權(quán)。全面貫徹依法治國(guó)基本方略，尊重和維護(hù)憲法和法律的權(quán)威，嚴(yán)格依法行政，堅(jiān)決糾正有法不依、執(zhí)法不嚴(yán)、3控制高耗能、高污染產(chǎn)品出口。大力發(fā)展服務(wù)貿(mào)易，承接服務(wù)外包。制定加強(qiáng)進(jìn)口、促進(jìn)貿(mào)易平衡的指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)，完善進(jìn)口政策，搭建更多的進(jìn)口促進(jìn)平臺(tái)，推動(dòng)進(jìn)出口平衡發(fā)展。

提高利用外資質(zhì)量。堅(jiān)持積極有效利用外資的方針，更加注重優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)和提高質(zhì)量。實(shí)施新修訂的外商投資產(chǎn)業(yè)指導(dǎo)目錄，引導(dǎo)外資更多投向先進(jìn)制造業(yè)、高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)、節(jié)能環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)、現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)和中西部地區(qū)。

實(shí)施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略。我國(guó)正處于對(duì)外投資加快發(fā)展的重要階段，要加強(qiáng)宏觀指導(dǎo)，強(qiáng)化政策支持，簡(jiǎn)化審批手續(xù)，健全服務(wù)保障。引導(dǎo)各類所有制企業(yè)有序開(kāi)展境外能源、原材料、農(nóng)業(yè)、制造業(yè)、服務(wù)業(yè)、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施等領(lǐng)域投資合作和跨國(guó)并購(gòu)。創(chuàng)新境外經(jīng)貿(mào)合作區(qū)發(fā)展模式，支持“走出去”的企業(yè)相互協(xié)同、集群發(fā)展。放寬居民境外投資限制。加強(qiáng)對(duì)外投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理，維護(hù)我境外企業(yè)人員和資產(chǎn)安全。

參與全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理和區(qū)域合作。努力保持與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系穩(wěn)定發(fā)展，全面深化與發(fā)展中國(guó)家的互利合作。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)自貿(mào)區(qū)建設(shè)和區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化進(jìn)程。積極參與二十國(guó)集團(tuán)等全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理機(jī)制建設(shè)，加強(qiáng)與主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策協(xié)調(diào)，反對(duì)各種形式的保護(hù)主義，繼續(xù)在多哈回合談判、國(guó)際金融體系改革中發(fā)揮建設(shè)性作用。

各位代表！我國(guó)是統(tǒng)一的多民族國(guó)家，各民族共同團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗、共同繁榮發(fā)展，國(guó)家才能興旺發(fā)達(dá)。要堅(jiān)持和完善民族區(qū)域自治

5堅(jiān)定不移地貫徹“一國(guó)兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，全力支持香港、澳門(mén)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)，改善民生，推進(jìn)民主。支持特區(qū)政府積極應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)，維護(hù)經(jīng)濟(jì)金融穩(wěn)定和長(zhǎng)期繁榮發(fā)展。銜接和落實(shí)好支持港澳經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的系列政策措施，大幅提升內(nèi)地對(duì)港澳服務(wù)貿(mào)易開(kāi)放水平，加快推進(jìn)港珠澳大橋等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)和對(duì)接，深化合作，支持港澳參與國(guó)際和區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合作。

支持香港鞏固和提升國(guó)際金融、貿(mào)易、航運(yùn)中心地位，建設(shè)離岸人民幣業(yè)務(wù)中心。支持澳門(mén)建設(shè)世界旅游休閑中心，推進(jìn)橫琴新區(qū)建設(shè)，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)適度多元發(fā)展。我們相信，有偉大祖國(guó)作為堅(jiān)強(qiáng)后盾，香港、澳門(mén)同胞一定能夠把自己的家園建設(shè)得更加美好！

過(guò)去的一年，兩岸關(guān)系經(jīng)受了嚴(yán)峻考驗(yàn)，取得了積極進(jìn)展。反對(duì)“臺(tái)獨(dú)”、認(rèn)同“九二共識(shí)”，鞏固交流合作成果，促進(jìn)兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展，日益成為兩岸同胞的共同意愿。新的一年，我們要繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持中央對(duì)臺(tái)工作的大政方針，增強(qiáng)兩岸關(guān)系發(fā)展的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化和民意基礎(chǔ)，拓展兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展新局面。

要全面深化經(jīng)濟(jì)金融合作，推動(dòng)兩岸經(jīng)濟(jì)合作框架協(xié)議后續(xù)商談取得新進(jìn)展。加快海峽西岸經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)建設(shè)。積極擴(kuò)大各界往來(lái)，開(kāi)展文化、教育等交流，使兩岸同胞聯(lián)系更緊密，感情更貼近，利益更融合。全體中華兒女要更加緊密地團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)，為完成祖國(guó)統(tǒng)一大業(yè)、實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興而努力奮斗！

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第五篇：學(xué)習(xí)溫總理政府工作報(bào)告心得體會(huì)

學(xué)習(xí)溫總理政府工作報(bào)告心得體會(huì)

2013年3月5日的北京，舉國(guó)關(guān)注，全球矚目。這一天，是溫家寶在任期行將結(jié)束前最后一次以共和國(guó)總理的身份，向十二屆全國(guó)人大一次會(huì)議作政府工作報(bào)告。過(guò)去5年，我國(guó)經(jīng)歷了太多的大事，好事，壞事，是一個(gè)極不平凡的五年。這五年中，我們成功舉辦了北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)，上海世博會(huì)等一系列的重大活動(dòng)和成功召開(kāi)了黨的十八大，經(jīng)歷了汶川、玉樹(shù)地震，雪災(zāi)等重大自然災(zāi)難，抗起了國(guó)際金融危機(jī)的沖擊，實(shí)現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)總量躍升到世界第二位，居民收入連年保持較快速增長(zhǎng)的好成績(jī)。

報(bào)告內(nèi)容指出，過(guò)去五年，國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值從26.6萬(wàn)億元增加到51.9萬(wàn)億元，躍升到世界第二位，國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值年均增長(zhǎng)9.3%，顯著高于同期全球和新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體的增速，GDP翻了一翻；新建各類保障性住房1800多萬(wàn)套，棚戶區(qū)改造住房1200多萬(wàn)套。堅(jiān)持搞好房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)調(diào)控不動(dòng)搖，遏制了房?jī)r(jià)過(guò)快上漲勢(shì)頭；成功遏制了房?jī)r(jià)過(guò)快增長(zhǎng)；國(guó)家財(cái)政性教育經(jīng)費(fèi)支出五年累計(jì)7.79萬(wàn)億元，年均增長(zhǎng)21.58%，2012年占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比例達(dá)到4%，優(yōu)先發(fā)展了教育事業(yè)；企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金提高10％，新農(nóng)合和城鎮(zhèn)居民基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)財(cái)政補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高到每人每年280元等，民生得到巨大改善。從報(bào)告中我們不難看出，政府對(duì)民生的投入，無(wú)論是絕對(duì)數(shù)字、還是占財(cái)政支出的比例，無(wú)論是總量、還是人均，都保持持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)，這都讓老百姓看到了希望。溫總理2013年政府工作報(bào)告 民生話題貫穿始終。

十二屆全國(guó)人大一次會(huì)議開(kāi)幕，國(guó)務(wù)院總理溫家寶發(fā)表任職以來(lái)的第十份政府工作報(bào)告，這也是本屆政府的最后一次工作報(bào)告。溫總理的報(bào)告的精髓就在于：詳釋民生關(guān)切，直面熱點(diǎn)話題，溫家寶在回顧總結(jié)中，結(jié)合過(guò)去十年特別是近五年的政府工作，對(duì)今后的工作提出建議。

在就業(yè)方面要堅(jiān)持實(shí)施就業(yè)優(yōu)先戰(zhàn)略和更加積極的就業(yè)政策，促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)居民收入持續(xù)穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)。在社會(huì)保障制度方面，堅(jiān)持全覆蓋、保基本、多層次、可持續(xù)方針，不斷擴(kuò)大社會(huì)保障覆蓋面，提高統(tǒng)籌層次和保障水平，加強(qiáng)各項(xiàng)制度的完善和銜接，增強(qiáng)公平性，適應(yīng)流動(dòng)性，保證可持續(xù)性。在深化醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革發(fā)展方面，提出要鞏固完善基本藥物制度和基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)行新機(jī)制，加快公立醫(yī)院改革，鼓勵(lì)社會(huì)辦醫(yī)。扶持中醫(yī)藥和民族醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展。健全全民醫(yī)保體系，建立重特大疾病保障和救助機(jī)制。在完善人口政策方面，將繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持計(jì)劃生育基本國(guó)策。在加強(qiáng)和創(chuàng)新社會(huì)管理方面，要改進(jìn)政府提供公共服務(wù)方式，加強(qiáng)基層社會(huì)管理和服務(wù)體系建設(shè)，完善村民自治、城市居民自治制度，保證人民群眾依法直接行使民主權(quán)利，管理基層公共事務(wù)和公益事業(yè)。改革社會(huì)組織管理體制，引導(dǎo)社會(huì)組織健康有序發(fā)展。，維護(hù)社會(huì)公共安全，促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定。在食品藥品安全方面，要改革和健全食品藥品安全監(jiān)管體制，加強(qiáng)綜合協(xié)調(diào)聯(lián)動(dòng)，落實(shí)企業(yè)主體責(zé)任，嚴(yán)格從生產(chǎn)源頭到消費(fèi)的全程監(jiān)管，加快形成符合國(guó)情、科學(xué)合理的食品藥品安全體系，提升食品藥品安全保障水平。在加強(qiáng)房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)調(diào)控和保障性安居工程建設(shè)。堅(jiān)決抑制投機(jī)、投資性需求，抓緊完善穩(wěn)定房?jī)r(jià)工作責(zé)任制和房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)調(diào)控政策體系，健全房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)穩(wěn)定健康發(fā)展長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制。在深化科技體制改革方面，著力構(gòu)建以企業(yè)為主體、市場(chǎng)為導(dǎo)向、產(chǎn)學(xué)研相結(jié)合的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新體系。健全科技資源開(kāi)放共享機(jī)制。在文化建設(shè)，要把文化改革發(fā)展納入經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展總體規(guī)劃，列入各級(jí)政府效能和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部政績(jī)考核體系，推動(dòng)文化事業(yè)全面繁榮、文化產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展。大力加強(qiáng)社會(huì)公德、職業(yè)道德、家庭美德、個(gè)人品德教育。推動(dòng)誠(chéng)信體系建設(shè)，以政務(wù)誠(chéng)信帶動(dòng)商務(wù)誠(chéng)信和社會(huì)誠(chéng)信，形成良好的社會(huì)風(fēng)尚。

“現(xiàn)在，我代表國(guó)務(wù)院，向大會(huì)報(bào)告過(guò)去五年的政府工作，并對(duì)今年工作提出建議??”盡管這句開(kāi)場(chǎng)白溫總理已重復(fù)說(shuō)過(guò)多次，但這一次，他的通篇講話卻給人別樣的味道，不同的感受。

──論篇幅，溫總理報(bào)告只有區(qū)區(qū)28頁(yè)15000多字，但這可是近些年篇幅最短的政府工作報(bào)告，而且其態(tài)度之誠(chéng)、文風(fēng)之實(shí)、語(yǔ)言之簡(jiǎn)，大大超出了人們的想象，使人真切的感受到中央有關(guān)改進(jìn)工作作風(fēng)的要求，猶如春風(fēng)透過(guò)總理報(bào)告的字里行間撲面而來(lái)。

──講成績(jī)，溫總理報(bào)告雖筆墨不算多，但句句厚重。從北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)到汶川大地震，從有效應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)到經(jīng)濟(jì)總量躍居世界第二??中國(guó)政府和人民這五年來(lái)可謂是悲喜交加，取得的成就“來(lái)之不易”。這其中自然少不了溫總理嘔心瀝血和卓越貢獻(xiàn)，搜索互聯(lián)網(wǎng)總理的十年足跡，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)溫總理從未與家人度過(guò)一個(gè)完整的春節(jié)，他的心始終的與中國(guó)的最底層老百姓連在一起。

──說(shuō)問(wèn)題，溫總理坦言“經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中還存在不少矛盾和問(wèn)題。??有些是經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)的，有些是政府工作中的缺點(diǎn)和不足造成的”，雖然溫總理此前也曾謙卑的說(shuō)“我雖然盡力了，但總覺(jué)得有些工作做得還不夠好，心里感到愧疚，時(shí)時(shí)自責(zé)，希望得到大家的諒解和寬恕”，但我們應(yīng)當(dāng)承認(rèn)當(dāng)總理難，當(dāng)一個(gè)發(fā)展中大國(guó)的總理難上加難，而不應(yīng)求全責(zé)備。

──談未來(lái)，溫總理一句“要順應(yīng)人民群眾對(duì)美好生活環(huán)境的期待，??用實(shí)際行動(dòng)讓人民看到希望”讓人感動(dòng)，令人振奮，我想這既是他發(fā)自內(nèi)心的強(qiáng)烈呼喚，也是對(duì)下屆政府的殷切希望。只要我們緊密團(tuán)結(jié)在以*近平為總書(shū)記黨中央周圍，萬(wàn)眾一心，堅(jiān)持有中國(guó)特色的社會(huì)主義道路不動(dòng)搖，堅(jiān)持改革開(kāi)放不動(dòng)搖，中華民族偉大復(fù)興的夢(mèng)想就一定能實(shí)現(xiàn)。

人民心中有桿秤，歷史自會(huì)有公論。總理，最后我想對(duì)您說(shuō)：您作政府工作時(shí)主席臺(tái)雖然沒(méi)有像以往那樣擺滿鮮花，但人民大會(huì)堂響起的一遍又一遍熱烈而雷嗚般的掌聲，就是對(duì)您的最高獎(jiǎng)賞！您雖然行將告別政壇仍不忘謙卑地檢討自己工作的不足，但這絕不會(huì)影響您在億萬(wàn)人民心中“平民總理”、“親民總理”的高大形象！