第一篇：【中英】陳德銘在2010年中國發展高層論壇發表的演講

陳德銘在2010年中國發展高層論壇發表的演講【中英】

Chen Deming in 2010 China Development Forum，delivered a speech

3月21日，商務部長陳德銘出席在釣魚臺國賓館舉行的“2010年中國發展高層論壇”并發表演講。演講主要內容如下：

一、開放的貿易是促進全球經濟復蘇的重要力量

過去一年，受國際金融危機沖擊，世界經濟經受了上世紀大蕭條以來最為嚴峻的挑戰。在各國宏觀經濟政策的激勵下，國際經濟形勢出現一些積極變化。全球貿易額在2009年經歷約22%的降幅之后，近期也逐步呈現回升勢頭。例如，2009年四季度德國出口額環比強勁上漲3%，貿易凈值為GDP貢獻了兩個百分點。2010年1月，日本出口同比增加40.9%，其中對亞洲勁增68.1%，當月實現貿易順差852億日元。韓國1月份出口同比增長47.1%，創上世紀90年代以來最大單月增幅。這一輪全球貿易復蘇的一個重要特點，是包括中國在內的新興市場內需大幅增加，拉動了相關經濟體的投資品和中間品出口率先回升。今年前兩個月，中國進口同比增長64%，其中來自美國、歐盟和日本的進口分別增長37%、35%和48%，來自俄羅斯、馬來西亞等國的進口還翻了一番，對促進相關國家的經濟增長發揮出積極效應。這些事實說明，經濟全球化的今天，各國經濟相互依存、相互影響，開放的貿易對于促進全球經濟復蘇具有重要作用。

我們注意到，隨著世界經濟逐步走出危機底部，各國對國際貿易表示出更大關注。不僅發展中國家重視，發達國家也展現很高的雄心水平。與80年前的大蕭條相比，目前全球貿易、投資和金融相互關聯的程度之深、影響之大，遠遠超過上一次，沒有一個國家能夠脫離全球經濟單靠自身實現復蘇。如果我們堅持奉行公平、自由、開放的貿易理念，既積極鼓勵國內產業發展、做大全球市場“蛋糕”，又最大限度地參與國際分工，保持國際貿易渠道的便捷和暢通，公平合理地分配“蛋糕”，將有助于促進全球經濟的復蘇進程，推動世界經濟走上全面、持續、平衡發展的軌道。反之，如果一國堅持零和博弈的觀點，忽視全球化條件下的相互依存，就會出現一損俱損的局面。如果借此大搞形形色色的貿易保護，搞不好會重蹈上世紀30年代保護主義泛濫的覆轍，使全球經濟面臨“二次觸底”的危險。

二、理性看待危機和全球經濟失衡的關系

此次金融危機的影響如此廣泛和深刻，促使我們每個人都必須認真思考：是什么原因造成了這次危機？我認為可以從三個層面去認識。首先，這是世界經濟運行周期性調整的結果。根據康德拉季耶夫、熊彼特等學者的經濟長周期理論，由產業革命和技術創新引發的經濟長周期波動，大致是40－50年時間。到本世紀初，隨著全球化制度紅利和信息技術革命效應不斷遞減，世界經濟已經到了下行階段。其次，全球治理結構不完善加劇了經濟波動的幅度。上世紀90年代以來，在信息網絡技術革命推動下，國際分工快速發展，商品交換半徑越趨擴大，逐漸形成了全球范圍的生產和交換網絡。在全球治理缺少有效機制的情況下，生產和消費不均衡的矛盾加劇了經濟周期的波動幅度。第三，金融監管缺失成為誘發金融危機的直接原因。近年來，在金融創新和投機因素的雙重推動下，虛擬經濟過度發展，這雖在一定程度上有利于加快資金流動，促進資源有效配置，但更因高杠桿化率而孕育著極大的風險。隨著市場內部風險不斷累積，爆發系統性危機也就成為必然的事件。

國際上，有輿論將此次危機歸結為以貿易收支不平衡為主的全球失衡問題。這是一個相對片面、十分狹義的理解。在經濟全球化的今天，失衡不僅表現為部分國家儲蓄消費失衡、貿易收支失衡，更表現為世界財富分配失衡、資源擁有和消耗失衡、國際貨幣體系失衡等一系列深層次、結構性的問題。導致失衡的原因是復雜的、多方面的，其根源是南北發展的嚴重不平衡。即使從單一的國際收支角度來分析，按照現代市場經濟中企業以銷定產、消費在一定意義上決定生產的理論，如果主要消費國政府不能有效保持貨幣的持續穩定，任由泡沫無節制發展，最終也會導致經濟失衡和危機的發生。

這段時間，個別國家總是把眼光盯著中國的貿易，并寄希望于人民幣匯率大幅升值來實現“全球經濟再平衡”。這個論調忽略了兩個基本事實：第一，無論是理論還是實踐都表明，一國本幣升值對調節貿易收支的作用有限。2005年至2008年，人民幣匯率升值約20%，中國貿易順差不降反升；2009年以來人民幣匯率基本穩定，中國貿易順差反而大幅下降了34.2%；今年1－2月，中國貿易順差下降了50%，我個人預計今年3月份中國的貿易甚至可能會出現逆差。在這方面，我們還可以看看歷史上德國馬克和日元升值后的情況。第二，中國的經濟發展一直是與各國分工協作、利益共享的過程。在以中國為節點的國際分工鏈條上，中國通過初級原材料進口帶動相關國家的產業發展；通過大量的中間品進口為周邊國家和地區創造了貿易順差；通過資本品、奢侈品和服務貿易進口為發達國家創造了大量的就業機會。中國還在加工貿易、跨國投資等各個層面，與各國分享著發展與合作的空間。2009年，全球貿易額下降22%、中國出口下降16%、進口下降11.2%。但是，從有關經濟體海關數據來看，澳大利亞、南非、巴西、土耳其等國對華出口仍保持了兩位數以上的正增長；歐盟、美國對華出口也僅分別下降1.53%和0.22%。當前，全球經濟不確定因素仍然較多，中國經濟回升基礎仍不牢固，強壓一國貨幣升值對彼此都沒有好處，是非理性的選擇。

三、全球經濟協調發展需要國際社會的共同努力

回首世界經濟的發展史，歷次危機都是進行理論反思、政策調整和實施變革的良機。當前，各國紛紛著眼于解決制約經濟發展的體制性、結構性矛盾，加快推進新產業革命的步伐，努力尋求技術創新和經濟結構升級的有效突破口，更加注重擴大內需，增強發展的內生動力。

作為一個擁有13億人口的發展中大國，中國也在加快推進經濟結構調整。2009年，中國實現社會消費品零售總額12.53萬億元人民幣，扣除價格因素實際增長16.9%，創1986年以來的最高實際增速，對GDP貢獻率達到52.5%。預計今年國內市場規模將達到2萬億美元，遠遠高于中國的出口總額。今后，中國將進一步擴大開放的廣度和深度，提高利用外資的質量和水平，不斷擴大先進技術設備、關鍵零部件和國內緊缺物資的進口，積極促進國際收支平衡；通過擴大服務領域的進一步開放、推動企業“走出去”等途徑，與各國加強互利合作。隨著中國工業化、城鎮化進程的加快推進，將為經濟增長釋放出一個長期而龐大的內需市場。在華投資的跨國企業是中國的企業法人，它們的產品是“中國制造”產品，將與其他企業共同分享這一巨大的市場機遇。

實現全球經濟更加平衡、協調的發展，需要國際社會的共同努力。借此機會，我想提出三點建議：

第一，秉持自由、開放的發展理念。“開放”，既是指一個國家對國際交往和經濟合作采取積極推進的態度，也是指政府放寬管制，注重發揮市場對資源配置的基礎性作用。過去半個多世紀尤其是近二十年的全球化浪潮，使各國的受益總體大于損失。今后一個時期，各國更應堅定開放信念，積極推動貿易投資自由化、便利化進程，堅決反對任何形式的保護主義，共同鞏固全球經濟復蘇的良好勢頭。

第二，加快推動多哈回合談判。多哈談判早日取得公正、平衡的結果，既是建立合理的國際經濟秩序的客觀要求，也是促進全球經濟平衡發展的根本路徑。無論是發達經濟體還是發展中經濟體，均應著眼長遠，拿出更大的誠意和決心，推動實現商品、資本在國際間有規則的自由流動，不斷提高全球協調與治理水平，從根本上提高各國國際競爭力及全球經濟的抗風險能力。

第三，各國共享轉變發展方式的機遇。當前，各國正在加快推進新產業革命，開發清潔能源和低碳技術，實施互聯網、物聯網融合和“云計算”戰略，全球正處于新一輪技術革命的前夜。國際社會應共享合作發展機遇，同時警惕形形色色變相的保護主義。中國愿與各國產業界、企業界和專家學者開展交流、共享機遇，共同為推動世界經濟的健康發展做出努力。

演講結束后，陳德銘還就多哈回合談判、人民幣匯率等問題回答了摩根士丹利亞洲區主席史蒂芬·羅奇等與會人士的提問。

March 21, Minister of Commerce Chen Deming attended the Diaoyutai State Guesthouse at the “2010 China Development Forum,” and make a speech.Speech following major elements:

1, open trade is an important force for global economic recovery

Over the past year by the international financial crisis, the world economy has withstood the last century since the Great Depression of the most serious challenges.Macroeconomic policy incentives in various countries, the international economic situation, some positive changes.Of world trade experienced in 2009, after about 22% of the decline, the recent upward trend gradually presented.For example, the fourth quarter of 2009, German exports rose 3% in a strong chain, the net trade contribution to GDP by two percentage points.In January 2010, Japan's exports increased 40.9% year on year, which surged 68.1% to Asia, the month trade surplus of ￥ 85,200,000,000.South Korea's exports in January increased by 47.1%, the highest since the 90s last century, the biggest one-month increase.This round of global trade, an important feature of the recovery is in emerging markets including China, a substantial increase in domestic demand, boosting the economy's investment-related goods and intermediate goods, export-led recovery.The first two months of this year, China's imports grew 64%, including from the United States, the European Union and Japan, imports were up 37%, 35% and 48%, from Russia, Malaysia and other countries, the import has also doubled, to to promote economic growth in the countries concerned to play a positive effect.These facts suggest that the economic globalization today, the level of economic interdependence, mutual influence, and open trade for the promotion of global economic recovery has an important role.We note that, with the bottom of the world economy has been gradually emerging from the crisis, countries expressed greater attention to international trade.Not only attach importance to developing countries, developed countries also show a high level of ambition.With the Great Depression 80 years ago compared to the current global trade, investment and finance associated with the extent of deep mutual influence of the large, far more than the last time, no one country can rely on the global economy out of its own to achieve recovery.If we adhere to fair, free and open trade philosophy, not only to encourage the development of domestic industries, bigger global market, “cake”, but also to maximize participation in the international division of labor, to keep channels of international trade convenience and smooth, fair and equitable distribution “ cake ”, will help to promote global economic recovery process, the promotion of world economy into a comprehensive, sustained and balanced development track.Conversely, if a country adhere to a zero-sum game perspective, ignoring the interdependence of the conditions of globalization, there will be a loss for both sides of the situation.If vigorously to all kinds of trade protection, they might will repeat the last century, 30 years of the disastrous spread of protectionism, so that the global economy is facing a “second bottom,” risk.Second, rational view of the crisis and global economic imbalances in the relationship between the

The impact of financial crisis is so broad and deep, prompting each of us must seriously consider: What is causing this crisis? I think we can get to know from the three levels.First, it is the world's economic operations cyclical adjustment results.According to Kondratieff, Schumpeter and other scholars of the economic long-cycle theory, by the industrial revolution and technological innovation induced by the long-period fluctuations, is roughly 40-50 years.To the beginning of this century, with the dividends of globalization and information technology revolution in the system effects of diminishing, the world economy has reached a stage downstream.Secondly, the imperfect structure of global governance exacerbated the economic volatility.Since the 90s of last century, in the information network technology revolution driven by the rapid development of international division of labor, commodity exchange radius increasingly expanded the scope of the gradual formation of a global network of production and exchange.In the absence of effective mechanisms for global governance situation, production and consumption is not balanced contradiction has intensified the volatility of the economic cycle.Third, the financial supervision and lack of a direct cause-induced financial crisis.In recent years, financial innovation and speculative factors, the double promotion, virtual economy over-development, which although a certain extent, help accelerate financial flows and promoting effective allocation of resources, but more because of the high rate of leveraged risk pregnant with great.Internal risk as the market continue to accumulate, the outbreak of a systemic crisis has become an inevitable event.Internationally, there are public opinion is attributed to the crisis in order to trade imbalances-based global imbalances.This is a relatively one-sided, very narrow understanding.In the economic globalization today, the imbalance between national savings not only as a part of the imbalance between consumption, trade imbalances, but also the performance of the world's imbalance in the distribution of wealth, resources, ownership and consumption imbalances, the international monetary system and imbalance in a series of deep-seated, structural problems.Leading causes of imbalance are complex, multifaceted, and its root cause is a serious imbalance in the North-South development.Even if the international balance of payments from a single perspective, according to the modern market economy enterprises to sell production quotas, consumption decisions in a certain sense, the theory of production, if the major consumer of government can not effectively maintain the currency steady and let the bubble excesses development, and will eventually lead to economic imbalances and crises.During this time, individual countries always looks at China's trade, and to rely on a substantial appreciation of the RMB exchange rate to achieve the “global economic rebalancing.” This argument ignores two basic facts: first, whether it is theory and practice have shown that a country's currency appreciation of the role of regulating the trade balance is limited.From 2005 to 2008, the RMB exchange rate appreciated by about 20%, China's trade surplus rise, not fall;in 2009 has been the basic stability of RMB exchange rate, China's trade surplus fell by 34.2% but significantly;from January to February of this year, China's trade surplus fell by 50%, I expect China's trade in March this year, and may even run deficits.In this context, we can also take a look at the history of the German mark and the yen after the situation.Second, China's economic development has been the division of labor in collaboration with countries, benefit-sharing process.With China as the node in the international division of labor chain, China's imports of raw materials driven by the primary industries related to national development;through a large number of intermediate goods imports for the neighboring countries and regions to create a trade surplus;through capital goods, luxury goods and trade in services imports developed countries, created a large number of job opportunities.China is still processing trade, cross-border investment, at all levels, with countries to share the development and cooperation in space.In 2009, world trade declined 22%, China's exports fell 16%, imports fell 11.2%.However, from the economies of customs data, Australia, South Africa, Brazil, Turkey and other countries exports to China are still maintained two-digit positive growth;the European Union, the United States exports to China have also decreased by only 1.53% and 0.22%.At present, the global economic uncertainties are still large, the basis of China's economic rebound is still strong, extreme pressure a currency appreciation of each other no good, non-rational choice.Third, the global economy the coordinated development of the joint efforts of the international community

Looking back at the history of the world economy, the successive crises are theoretical reflection, policy adjustment and implementation of change in opportunities.At present, countries have to address the constraints to focus on economic development, institutional, structural contradictions, and accelerating the pace of the new industrial revolution, and strive for technical innovation and upgrading the economic structure and effective breakthrough, more emphasis on expanding domestic demand, boost the development of endogenous motivation.As a big developing country with 1.3 billion people, China is also speeding up economic restructuring.In 2009, China's total retail sales of social consumer goods, 12.53 trillion yuan, a real growth after deducting price factors, 16.9%, the highest since 1986, the highest real growth rate, the contribution rate of GDP reached 52.5%.The size of the domestic market this year is expected to reach 2 trillion U.S.dollars, far higher than China's total exports.In the future, China will further expand the breadth and depth of opening up, improve the quality and level of utilizing foreign investment and expanded advanced technology and equipment, key parts and components imported and domestic goods in short supply, and actively promote international balance of payments;by expanding the service sector to further open to promote enterprises to “go” and other ways to strengthen mutually beneficial cooperation with other countries.As China's industrialization and urbanization process, speeding up, will release a long-term economic growth and huge domestic market.Multinationals investing in China is China's enterprise legal person, their products are “Made in China” products, will work with other companies to share in this huge market opportunity.To achieve a more balanced global economy, and coordinated development requires the joint efforts of the international community.Like to take this opportunity, I would like to make three suggestions:

First, uphold the free and open development concept.“Openness” not only refers to a state of international exchanges and economic cooperation, adopt a positive attitude to promote, but also refers to the Government to relax controls, to pay attention to the market's basic role in resource allocation.Over the past half-century especially in the last two decades of globalization, so that all countries benefit from the whole greater than the losses.The future, all countries should open a firm conviction, and actively promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, firmly opposed to any form of protectionism, to fortify the good momentum of global economic recovery.Second, speed up the Doha Round negotiations.The Doha negotiations as soon as possible to achieve a fair and balanced results, both to establish a rational international economic order and the objective requirements, but also to promote the balanced development of global economy, the fundamental path.Whether developed or developing economies, economies, should be long-term perspective, demonstrate greater sincerity and determination to promote the realization of goods, capital, and there are rules in the international free flow of, and continuously improve the level of global coordination and governance, from the fundamental enhance the international competitiveness of countries and the global economy, ability to resist risks.Third, the countries to share changes in mode of development opportunities.At present, countries are speeding up a new industrial revolution, the development of clean energy and low-carbon technologies, the implementation of the Internet, material integration and networking “cloud computing” strategy, the world is at the eve of a new round of technological revolution.The international community should share the co-development opportunities, while cautioning against all kinds of disguised protectionism.China ready to work with countries in industry, business and experts and scholars to conduct exchanges, share opportunities and work together to promote the healthy development of the world economy to make efforts.After his speech, Chen Deming also on the Doha Round negotiations, the RMB exchange rate and other issues of Morgan Stanley Asia Chairman Stephen Roach and other participants questions.

第二篇：國家商務部部長陳德銘2012年3月18日在“中國發展高層論壇2012”年會上的演講

共同目標，一致行動——追求內外均衡的增長

——在“中國發展高層論壇2012”年會上的演講

國家商務部部長陳德銘

（2012年3月18日）

我感謝多年來主辦方邀請我參加中國發展高層論壇，感謝邀請我圍繞“追求內外均衡增長”的主題發言，這是一個十分具有理論價值和現實意義的題目。

長期以來，經濟理論界就均衡、非均衡增長進行著廣泛而深入的討論，形成多種派別，并隨著實踐的深入對這一理論不斷進行修正和完善。從現實來看，近百年來，正是人類社會的發展失衡導致了經濟危機頻發。所以我們在討論均衡、非均衡發展問題時，不能不想到目前我們正在經受著金融危機的考驗，歐洲主權債務問題還在發酵，世界經濟正處在艱難的復蘇之中，非洲還有很多飽受饑荒的人們，全球能源資源爭奪激烈，不排除觸發戰爭的可能。因此說，內外均衡增長這個主題也很有現實意義。

均衡增長是相對的，不均衡是絕對的首先我談談對這個主題的認識。論壇的主題是：追求內外均衡的增長。在中國的語言文字中，所謂“追求”的，往往是一種比較完美、可望而又難以企及的目標，比如崇高的理想等。從哲學的觀點看，追求均衡就是實現矛盾的對立和統一。辯證法告訴我們：矛盾的統一是相對的、暫時的，而對立是絕對的、永恒的。矛盾是事物發展的動力，矛盾雙方不統一，相互排斥和斗爭，從而推動事物向前發展。經濟發展的規律亦如此。經濟均衡增長是相對的、短暫的，非均衡增長是絕對的、長期的。非均衡始終圍繞均衡的中心線上下波動，推動經濟不斷向前發展，無限接近均衡增長的目標。

內外均衡應具有更廣泛的涵義

關于內外的均衡增長。我認為，當前國際社會的行為主體主要是以國家的形式出現的。因此，所謂“內外”的概念應該是以國界劃分，“內”指國內，“外”指國外，另外也有一些國家聯合體、區域經濟共同體等“內”的形式。從這個角度講，從狹義的定義上，內外均衡或非均衡增長是指各國或國家聯合體的國際貿易、跨國投資、自然人移動等要素是否均衡，以及在這些要素流動基礎上的國際貨幣收支均衡與否等。從廣義的角度看，我們應當看到，考量一國的經濟均衡與非均衡不僅應當包括傳統意義上的國際貿易、跨國投資、自然人移動等，還應包括資源所有、財富分配、消費能力以及教育、養老、醫保等方面是否均衡。這些要素均衡與否決定著一個國家老百姓的人權，不僅是言論自由權，首先而且更重要的是生存和發展權。因此，衡量經濟增長均衡與否，還要綜合、全面地分析多種要素。

全球化下經濟均衡增長在發展中實現

經濟全球化無疑是當前世界的一個主要特征。世界經濟原有的均衡不斷被全球化、被經濟發展打破，但全球化又不斷創造出新的、更大范圍的、發展中的均衡。經濟全球化的發展源于世界生產力的發展近而推動全球生產關系的調整，如科技的進步，特別是信息技術發展和海運成本的大幅降低。全球化已不僅僅是貨物貿易的全球化，跨國公司大規模地到境外投資，其生產要素稟賦在全球實現最佳組合布局，資本全球化發展迅速。一些新興國家其經濟的起飛得益于跨國公司全球化投資，同時也催生了這些國家本國工業的發展，及隨后的大規模工業化、城鎮化的進程。

以占世界人口19%以上的中國為例。30多年前中國對外貿易占世界貿易的比重不及1%，而2010年這一數字已超過10%。中國這30多年的發展打破了30多年前世界貿易的均衡，然而中國同時也在創造著新的增長，新的均衡。30年間，中國的進出口基本是平衡的，前

期逆差較大，后又出現順差，近幾年的趨勢是越來越平衡。2011年，中國的對外貿易順差占GDP的比重約2%左右，即使加上資本收益項目，中國經常賬戶盈余只占GDP的2.8%左右。

西方一些人經常批評中國不顧全球經濟平衡，成為世界第一大出口國，但是他們從來不提中國同時是世界第二大進口國，而且在可以預見的未來幾年內，中國進口將成為世界第一，中國將是世界上最大的消費市場。中國不僅給全球生產了物美價廉的生活必需品，而且也吸納了世界各地的消費品。在北京及一些大城市的商場里，全世界的各種品牌、高檔消費品都可以找到。最近幾年，中國國內社會消費品零售總額以年均15%-18%的速度增長，這一速度高于中國GDP的增幅。這就是中國在發展中創造出的新的均衡，如果沒有這個新的均衡，世界應對國際金融危機的難度可能會大得多。

共同努力才能實現內外均衡增長目標

追求均衡增長是各國的共同目標，盡管增長總是表現出非均衡的特性。各國應該共同圍繞均衡增長的目標采取一致行動。為此，我提三點建議：

一是確保非均衡增長的有限度和可控性。在全球化的大背景下，一國的非均衡增長一旦不能控制，超出限度，不僅會影響本國經濟，也會給其他國家甚至世界經濟帶來負面甚至災難性影響，反過來又加重本國經濟的受損程度。我們從至今仍然在蔓延的金融危機中可以清晰地看到這一點。因此，我十分贊成G20對全球經濟治理的參考性指南的研究和監測。我們需要加深對這個問題的探討，求得共識。

二是要以開放包容的心態對待新興國家的崛起。新興國家的發展是全球化的結果，是不可阻擋的歷史必然。對發達國家而言，新興國家的崛起既是一種挑戰，更是一種機遇，而且機遇將遠大于挑戰。但是，一些發達國家應對新興國家崛起，采取的是限制出口、阻止投資

入境，甚至大搞貿易保護主義。這是非常不可取的，既對他國不公，也對本國公民和企業不公，效果也將是負面的。

三要共同努力開放市場，擴大本國消費。無論是發達國家還是發展中國家中的新興國家，都要從本國國情出發，擴大市場開放，促進貿易便利化，把擴大內需、尤其是最終消費作為實現內部均衡增長的基本立足點。中國正在這樣做，愿意和各國交流合作，為實現均衡增長共同努力。

今天雖不能就均衡增長中的貨幣與貿易關系，尤其是匯率與貿易平衡的關系詳作論述，但需要強調的是，要從宏觀總量上來分析和考量貨幣與貿易的關系，要實現二者在市場運行基礎上的平衡，不能混淆貨幣政策和貿易政策。

第三篇：2009中國商務部長陳德銘在中英經貿合作研討會致辭

2009中國商務部長陳德銘在中英經貿合作研討會致辭

尊敬的曼德爾森大臣，尊敬的傅瑩大使，各位企業家，女士們，先生們：

Right Honorable Lord Mandelson, Honorable Ambassador Fu Ying，Dear Friends from the Business Community, Ladies and gentlemen，下午好！

Good afternoon.今天，由中國機電產品進出口商會和英中貿易協會組織的中英經貿合作研討會在這里隆重開幕。在此，我謹代表中華人民共和國商務部表示衷心的祝賀！今天，中英兩國政府和工商界的人士聚集在這里，圍繞“新挑戰、新機遇”這一主題，深入探討應對危機、共謀發展的重大舉措，具有十分重要的現實意義。在此，我預祝研討會取得成功！

Today, we hold the Seminar on China-Britain Economic and Trade Cooperation jointly organized by the China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Mechanic and Electronic Products and the China-Britain Business Council.On behalf of the Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China, I’d like to extend heartfelt congratulations on its opening.It brings together government officials and business people from China and Britain to explore ways to tackle the crisis and promote development.The theme---“New Challenges, New Opportunities”, is highly relevant.I look forward to a successful meeting.毋庸置疑，這場國際金融危機，使世界經濟陷入上世紀大蕭條以來最困難的境地。作為一個外向度較高的發展中國家，中國的經濟發展，特別是對外貿易投資也受到了較大的沖擊。從2008年11月份開始，中國進出口貿易連續三個月出現負增長，吸收外商直接投資出現了明顯下滑趨勢。我們也注意到，英國經濟增長和就業也遭受了嚴重打擊。雙邊貿易也受到負面影響，今年1月，中英雙邊貿易額同比下降21.6%，下降幅度之大、速度之快是罕見的。

Without doubt, this international financial crisis has landed the world economy in the most difficult situation since the Great Depression.China, as a developing country with heavy reliance on foreign trade, is experiencing a hard time in economic growth, particularly in foreign trade and investment.Since November 2008, China’s imports and exports have seen negative growth for 3 consecutive months, while inward investment has been sliding.We’ve also noted that economic growth and employment here in Britain has also been dealt a heavy blow.Two-way trade between China and Britain has suffered as well.In January 2009, bilateral trade value dropped 21.6% year on year.The gravity and speed of the decline are unprecedented indeed.當前，為應對危機和挑戰，世界各國紛紛出臺了應對措施，這對提振信心、緩解危機起到了重要作用。但在危機面前，僅僅依靠單個國家的努力遠遠不夠，因為在經濟全球化趨勢下，當今的世界經濟舞臺已經形成了“你中有我，我中有你”的局面。世界經濟發展的歷史早已證明，在危機面前，封閉與保護沒有出路，開放與合作才是正途。此次我率領中國貿易投資促進團訪英，就是落實溫家寶總理本月初“信心之旅”的一次重要后續活動，充分表明了中國政府在困難形勢下，以實際行動反對貿易保護主義的態度與決心。

To tackle the crisis and challenges, countries have taken various countermeasures, contributing greatly to restoring confidence and mitigating the consequences of the crisis.However, in the face of a crisis, efforts of a single country are far from enough.In a world featuring globalization, economies are inextricably interwoven with each other.The history of world economy has proven that insulation and protectionism offers no way out;openness and cooperation is the right recipe to heal a crisis.The visit of the China Trade and Investment Promotion Delegation, which I lead, to Britain is an important follow-up to Premier Wen Jiabao’s “Trip of Confidence” earlier this month.It shows the stance and resolution of the Chinese government to oppose protectionism under difficult circumstances.新挑戰中往往蘊含著新的機遇。對于中英兩國來說，危機將促使我們延伸和拓寬互利合作的內涵。目前，中國各級政府和部門，正在積極落實保持經濟穩定增長的各項舉措。伴隨大規模民生工程、基礎設施和生態環境等領域的建設，包括英資企業在內的數十萬家在華外資企業將分享這些新的商機。我在中國各地調研過程中，感受到許多中國企業特別是民營企業，對歐優勢技術和裝備的采購具有濃厚的興趣。作為中國在歐盟中的第三大貿易伙伴和累計第一大對華投資國，中英兩國在生物、信息、環保、低碳經濟、能源科技、新材料、醫藥衛生等領域，擁有巨大的合作潛力。中國還是世界服務貿易和高檔消費品增長最快的市場。這意味著英國大量知名品牌產品以及金融、分銷、設計、咨詢等服務業企業，會有更多機會參與中國市場的競爭。當然，也會有越來越多的中國企業具備與英國企業合作的實力。我們鼓勵中英雙方企業在各個領域擴大交流和深化合作，共同分享寶貴的發展機遇。

New challenges often present new opportunities.To China and Britain, this crisis will serve as a catalyst to enrich our reciprocal cooperation.At present, governments at all levels in China are in full gear to implement measures targeted at maintaining the steady growth of economy.With the execution of large-scale projects in public welfare, infrastructure, and ecological environment, hundreds of thousands of companies with foreign including British investment will be able to share these new business opportunities.During my investigation and study tours around China, I found that many Chinese enterprises, especially private ones, are very interested in buying more advanced technology and equipment from Europe.Among all EU countries, Britain is the third largest trade partner for China and has made the most investment in cumulative terms.Our two countries enjoy huge potential in such fields as biology, information and environmental technology, low-carbon economy, energy technology, new materials, pharmaceuticals and healthcare.China is the fastest-growing market for international services trade and high-end goods, which could be translated into more opportunities for many famous British brands and companies in such service sectors as finance, distribution, design and consultancy to compete in the Chinese market.Of course, more and more Chinese companies will possess the caliber to cooperate with British companies.We encourage companies from the two countries to further deepen exchanges and cooperation in every field and share those valuable opportunities.女士們，先生們：

Ladies and Gentlemen，盡管當前我們遇到了嚴峻的挑戰，但以科技進步和生產要素全球配置為基礎的經濟全球化趨勢不會逆轉，各國經濟相互聯系和依賴的程度仍將繼續加強。英國是自由貿易思想的發源地，亞當?斯密的理論影響了200多年來的國際貿易實踐。選擇在這里作為我們此次貿易投資促進團的最后一站，賦予了此次活動更加特殊的意義。我們一路走過來，無論是老朋友還是新伙伴，無論是簽訂合同或者僅僅是洽談意向，大家都進行了坦誠而深入的溝通，取得了許多有形和無形的豐碩成果。更為重要的是，我們向外界傳遞了秉持開放心態、攜手合作、共渡難關的誠意和信心。我們堅信，未來商機無限，春天終將來臨。

Despite the severe challenges in front of us, globalization based on scientific advance and global allocation of resources will remain irreversible.Economies will be even more linked to and dependent on each other.Britain is the birthplace of the idea of free trade.Adam Smith’s theories have influenced international trade over the past 200 odd years.Selecting Britain as the last lag of our trip has added special significance to this event.Along the way, we have had candid and in-depth dialogues with friends old and new.We have reaped tangible and intangible fruits by signing contracts or negotiating intentions.Most importantly, we have demonstrated to the rest of the world our sincerity and confidence to tide over the difficulties by opening mind and joining hands.We believe that there are boundless opportunities in the future, and spring is right around the corner.謝謝大家。

Thank you.

第四篇：在中國發展高層論壇上的開幕致辭

Opening Remarks at the 2015 China Development Forum 在中國發展高層論壇上的開幕致辭

Christine Lagarde, Managing Director of International Monetary Fund 國際基金組織總裁克里斯蒂娜·拉加德

Beijing, March 22, 2015 中國北京，2015 年3 月22 日

Your Excellence, Vice Premier ZHANG Gaoli, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen;good morning!Zao Shang Hao!

張高麗副總理閣下，尊貴的來賓，女士們，先生們，早上好！

I am absolutely delighted to be back in Beijing.I would like to thank Mr.LI Wei and his colleagues at the Development Research Center for inviting me here today.我非常高興重返北京。感謝國務院發展研究中心的李偉主任及其同事邀請我參加今年的發展高層論壇。

Of course, it is no coincidence that the prestigious China Development Forum is held at this particular time of the year.As it is often said here in China, “a good year is determined by its spring”.當然，負有盛名的中國發展高層論壇在一年中的這個特定時間舉辦，并非巧合。中國有句俗話：“一年之計在于春”。

Over the next two days, policymakers, business executives, and thought leaders will discuss the defining issues that will determine China’s economic development this year and beyond.Our discussion about China’s Economy in the “New Normal” comes at a pivotal moment for both China and the world.在接下來的兩天里，政策制定者、企業高管和思想領袖將探討一些具有決定意義的問題，這些問題將決定中國今年及以后的經濟發展走向。我們對中國經濟“新常態”的討論對中國和整個世界而言都處于一個關鍵時刻。

If I had to choose only two words that unite China and the world at this moment, it would be “structural reforms”.Of course, these comprise many challenges, but I want to highlight three key areas where impressive efforts by the Chinese government are underway:

如果此刻讓我只用兩個詞將中國與世界聯系在一起，那就是“結構改革”。當然，在這一過程中我們將面臨諸多挑戰。但在三個關鍵的領域，中國政府正在采取令人印象深刻的措施：

? One, cleaning up the house – by promoting good governance through the anti-corruption campaign,? 一是打掃房間——通過反腐敗來推動建立好的治理方式

? Two, cleaning up the air – by curbing pollution and preserving the environment,? 二是凈化空氣——這主要是通過抑制污染和保護環境

? And three, clearing the path to further engagement with the world – through further participation in the multilateral dialogue and through more international investment and trade.? 三是整理路徑——通過深入參與多邊對話和投資與貿易加強與整個世界的接觸和聯系

These reforms will lead to slower, safer, more sustainable growth.This is good for China and good for the world.Their fates are intertwined.這些改革將會導致中國的經濟增速有所放緩，但更安全和更可持續。這既有利于中國，也有利于世界。中國與世界的命運相互交織。

Indeed, as China navigates the “new normal” of its own economy, it also contributes more to the global common good – to economic and financial stability, to environmental sustainability, and to a multilateral approach that is equal to the pressing global challenges facing us today.中國在駕馭本國經濟適應“新常態”的過程中，也會在更大程度上增進全球共同福祉——無論是對于全球經濟和金融穩定、環境可持續性，還是對于應對我們當前面臨的緊迫全球挑戰所需采取的多邊方法都如此。

China knows that no-one can succeed alone.This is why the IMF is proud to be a partner in China’s economic endeavors here at home and on the global stage.I look forward to fruitful discussions here at the CDF.中國知道，單槍匹馬不能取勝。這就是為什么國際貨幣基金組織對作為中國在本國和全球舞臺上的經濟發展伙伴而感到自豪。我期待著中國發展高層論壇上的討論富有成效。

Thank you.Xièxiè.謝謝。

第五篇：2007年商務部部長陳德銘在中英經貿合作研討會致辭

2009年2月27日下午，中國機電進出口商會和英中貿易協會在倫敦共同舉辦中英經貿合作研討會，中英兩國企業界人士600多人與會，中國商務部長陳德銘在研討會上致辭。以下為講話全文：

尊敬的曼德爾森大臣，尊敬的傅瑩大使，各位企業家，女士們，先生們：

Right Honorable Lord Mandelson, Honorable Ambassador Fu Ying, Dear Friends from the Business Community, Ladies and gentlemen, 下午好！

Good afternoon.今天，由中國機電產品進出口商會和英中貿易協會組織的中英經貿合作研討會在這里隆重開幕。在此，我謹代表中華人民共和國商務部表示衷心的祝賀！今天，中英兩國政府和工商界的人士聚集在這里，圍繞“新挑戰、新機遇”這一主題，深入探討應對危機、共謀發展的重大舉措，具有十分重要的現實意義。在此，我預祝研討會取得成功！

Today, we hold the Seminar on China-Britain Economic and Trade Cooperation jointly organized by the China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Mechanic and Electronic Products and the China-Britain Business Council.On behalf of the Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China, I’d like to extend heartfelt congratulations on its opening.It brings together government officials and business people from China and Britain to explore ways to tackle the crisis and promote development.The theme---“New Challenges, New Opportunities”, is highly relevant.I look forward to a successful meeting.毋庸置疑，這場國際金融危機，使世界經濟陷入上世紀大蕭條以來最困難的境地。作為一個外向度較高的發展中國家，中國的經濟發展，特別是對外貿易投資也受到了較大的沖擊。從2008年11月份開始，中國進出口貿易連續三個月出現負增長，吸收外商直接投資出現了明顯下滑趨勢。我們也注意到，英國經濟增長和就業也遭受了嚴重打擊。雙邊貿易也受到負面影響，今年1月，中英雙邊貿易額同比下降21.6%，下降幅度之大、速度之快是罕見的。

Without doubt, this international financial crisis has landed the world economy in the most difficult situation since the Great Depression.China, as a developing country with heavy reliance on foreign trade, is experiencing a hard time in economic growth, particularly in foreign trade and investment.Since November 2008, China’s imports and exports have seen negative growth for 3 consecutive months, while inward investment has been sliding.We’ve also noted that economic growth and employment here in Britain has also been dealt a heavy blow.Two-way trade between China and Britain has suffered as well.In January 2009, bilateral trade value dropped 21.6% year on year.The gravity and speed of the decline are unprecedented indeed.當前，為應對危機和挑戰，世界各國紛紛出臺了應對措施，這對提振信心、緩解危機起到了重要作用。但在危機面前，僅僅依靠單個國家的努力遠遠不夠，因為在經濟全球化趨勢下，當今的世界經濟舞臺已經形成了“你中有我，我中有你”的局面。世界經濟發展的歷史早已證明，在危機面前，封閉與保護沒有出路，開放與合作才是正途。此次我率領中國貿易投資促進團訪英，就是落實溫家寶總理本月初“信心之旅”的一次重要后續活動，充分表明了中國政府在困難形勢下，以實際行動反對貿易保護主義的態度與決心。

To tackle the crisis and challenges, countries have taken various countermeasures, contributing greatly to restoring confidence and mitigating the consequences of the crisis.However, in the face of a crisis, efforts of a single country are far from enough.In a world featuring globalization, economies are inextricably interwoven with each other.The history of world economy has proven that insulation and protectionism offers no way out;openness and cooperation is the right recipe to heal a crisis.The visit of the China Trade and Investment Promotion Delegation, which I lead, to Britain is an important follow-up to Premier Wen Jiabao’s “Trip of Confidence” earlier this month.It shows the stance and resolution of the Chinese government to oppose protectionism under difficult circumstances.新挑戰中往往蘊含著新的機遇。對于中英兩國來說，危機將促使我們延伸和拓寬互利合作的內涵。目前，中國各級政府和部門，正在積極落實保持經濟穩定增長的各項舉措。伴隨大規模民生工程、基礎設施和生態環境等領域的建設，包括英資企業在內的數十萬家在華外資企業將分享這些新的商機。我在中國各地調研過程中，感受到許多中國企業特別是民營企業，對歐優勢技術和裝備的采購具有濃厚的興趣。作為中國在歐盟中的第三大貿易伙伴和累計第一大對華投資國，中英兩國在生物、信息、環保、低碳經濟、能源科技、新材料、醫藥衛生等領域，擁有巨大的合作潛力。中國還是世界服務貿易和高檔消費品增長最快的市場。這意味著英國大量知名品牌產品以及金融、分銷、設計、咨詢等服務業企業，會有更多機會參與中國市場的競爭。當然，也會有越來越多的中國企業具備與英國企業合作的實力。我們鼓勵中英雙方企業在各個領域擴大交流和深化合作，共同分享寶貴的發展機遇。

New challenges often present new opportunities.To China and Britain, this crisis will serve as a catalyst to enrich our reciprocal cooperation.At present, governments at all levels in China are in full gear to implement measures targeted at maintaining the steady growth of economy.With the execution of large-scale projects in public welfare, infrastructure, and ecological environment, hundreds of thousands of companies with foreign including British investment will be able to share these new business opportunities.During my investigation and study tours around China, I found that many Chinese enterprises, especially private ones, are very interested in buying more advanced technology and equipment from Europe.Among all EU countries, Britain is the third largest trade partner for China and has made the most investment in cumulative terms.Our two countries enjoy huge potential in such fields as biology, information and environmental technology, low-carbon economy, energy technology, new materials, pharmaceuticals and healthcare.China is the fastest-growing market for international services trade and high-end goods, which could be translated into more opportunities for many famous British brands and companies in such service sectors as finance, distribution, design and consultancy to compete in the Chinese market.Of course, more and more Chinese companies will possess the caliber to cooperate with British companies.We encourage companies from the two countries to further deepen exchanges and cooperation in every field and share those valuable opportunities.女士們，先生們：

Ladies and Gentlemen，盡管當前我們遇到了嚴峻的挑戰，但以科技進步和生產要素全球配置為基礎的經濟全球化趨勢不會逆轉，各國經濟相互聯系和依賴的程度仍將繼續加強。英國是自由貿易思想的發源地，亞當?斯密的理論影響了200多年來的國際貿易實踐。選擇在這里作為我們此次貿易投資促進團的最后一站，賦予了此次活動更加特殊的意義。我們一路走過來，無論是老朋友還是新伙伴，無論是簽訂合同或者僅僅是洽談意向，大家都進行了坦誠而深入的溝通，取得了許多有形和無形的豐碩成果。更為重要的是，我們向外界傳遞了秉持開放心態、攜手合作、共渡難關的誠意和信心。我們堅信，未來商機無限，春天終將來臨。

Despite the severe challenges in front of us, globalization based on scientific advance and global allocation of resources will remain irreversible.Economies will be even more linked to and dependent on each other.Britain is the birthplace of the idea of free trade.Adam Smith’s theories have influenced international trade over the past 200 odd years.Selecting Britain as the last lag of our trip has added special significance to this event.Along the way, we have had candid and in-depth dialogues with friends old and new.We have reaped tangible and intangible fruits by signing contracts or negotiating intentions.Most importantly, we have demonstrated to the rest of the world our sincerity and confidence to tide over the difficulties by opening mind and joining hands.We believe that there are boundless opportunities in the future, and spring is right around the corner.謝謝大家。

Thank you.