第一篇：中級(jí)口譯口試備考
老師簡(jiǎn)介: K: 上海新東方學(xué)校口譯研究中心成員。中/高級(jí)口譯明星教師。上海交通大學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)碩士。高級(jí)同聲翻譯。
1、考官不是送你下地獄的魔鬼，而是盼你終成正果的天使。
考官評(píng)判時(shí)，心里要有一個(gè)大準(zhǔn)則，是“放”而不是“卡”，就是說(shuō)，每個(gè)考官都是希望你通過(guò)第二輪考試，為了讓更多有實(shí)力的人或者marginal的人能通過(guò)，會(huì)結(jié)合手中的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案，來(lái)辨析考生們口譯時(shí)給出的千百種答案的變體，是否大體符合。這是一個(gè)非常耗腦的工作，實(shí)際上對(duì)每個(gè)考官來(lái)說(shuō)，就是要在當(dāng)天連續(xù)作10小時(shí)的聽(tīng)力，而且??其中很多是帶著祖國(guó)各地口音的英語(yǔ)。但是，我可以保證，每一個(gè)考官都會(huì)認(rèn)真聽(tīng)你說(shuō)的每一句話，每一個(gè)詞，然后，在每句的大方向無(wú)錯(cuò)誤的基礎(chǔ)上，踩點(diǎn)給分，并盡量給你多抓分。所以，要把注意力放在句子大意和每句的關(guān)鍵詞。考官很辛苦，但都是很仁慈的。總之，我們考官的宗旨永遠(yuǎn)是希望更多的人通過(guò)考試。
2、別過(guò)分擔(dān)心關(guān)于容貌、衣裝、儀態(tài)這些東西。
超女快男的火爆，給了年輕朋友們草根成名的夢(mèng)想，這里我對(duì)什么是“美”不作評(píng)價(jià)。但在這個(gè)作為考場(chǎng)的小教室里，我們對(duì)相貌沒(méi)有感覺(jué)，對(duì)時(shí)尚沒(méi)有感覺(jué)，對(duì)顏色沒(méi)有感覺(jué)，對(duì)氣味沒(méi)有感覺(jué)，對(duì)“嘻哈”還是“玻希米亞”沒(méi)有感覺(jué)，我們甚至對(duì)你的性別都沒(méi)有感覺(jué)，我們只對(duì)聲音有感覺(jué)，希望那聲音盡可能清楚，意思盡可能與磁帶原意“靠譜”。至于其他那些，“得體”即可，絕對(duì)一視同仁，畢竟口譯考試不是選秀。
3、可以提出的小要求：
a.如感覺(jué)教室外的嘈雜聲會(huì)有干擾，可提出關(guān)窗；
b.磁帶聲音的大小，可提要求；
c.記錄紙不夠用，可提要求；
d.忘帶筆，可提要求；
e.進(jìn)門如緊張到不行，可提出，考官都會(huì)安慰你幾句讓你好一點(diǎn)。
不該提出的要求和不受歡迎的動(dòng)作：
a.考試中無(wú)理由要求重放或暫停；
b.自己去調(diào)考試錄音機(jī)。
c.看自帶記錄紙或筆記。（屬作弊，雖不至于取消資格，但會(huì)被收上去，既令自己緊張，也影響考官情緒）
d.轉(zhuǎn)筆（切記，轉(zhuǎn)到桌上的噪聲或轉(zhuǎn)到地上對(duì)大家都是麻煩）
e.考完立刻追問(wèn)成績(jī)。（考官不得在成績(jī)公布日前告訴你，而且最終成績(jī)需要兩位考官綜合，有時(shí)意見(jiàn)不一需要商榷）
受歡迎的動(dòng)作：
a.進(jìn)門寒暄后放下包盡快坐好；
b.身份證、準(zhǔn)考證和筆帶好，并記住應(yīng)該報(bào)的是“準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)”而非“考試號(hào)”；不要拿出自己準(zhǔn)備時(shí)作的記錄；
c.考完拿好所有證件和包，迅速離開(kāi)。(謀事在人，成事在天）
4、口譯口試流程圖：
排隊(duì)領(lǐng)號(hào)入場(chǎng)-------〉手機(jī)封裝-----------〉進(jìn)入大教室按序號(hào)等待----------〉口語(yǔ)準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間（給一個(gè)topic,題目的要求也是幫你找到思路）----------〉按考場(chǎng)號(hào)進(jìn)入考場(chǎng)---------〉Section A口語(yǔ)考試（實(shí)際一般不超過(guò)一分鐘，屬于熱身，原則上不卡人，這時(shí)，我們除了聽(tīng)你說(shuō)，也在記錄你的姓名、考試號(hào)等個(gè)人信息）-----------〉Section B 口譯考試的Directions（提要求時(shí)間）-------------〉正式口譯考試1。英譯漢（注意每句之間的時(shí)間間隔，靠做歷年考題熟悉節(jié)奏）------------〉2。漢譯英---------------〉考試結(jié)束，收拾離開(kāi)。
相信通過(guò)實(shí)實(shí)在在地介紹了考試的具體情況，和考官的大體評(píng)判要求，你應(yīng)該對(duì)這個(gè)考試更加的熟悉，你應(yīng)該對(duì)坐在你面前的考官有了更多地了解。所以，下次就像看一位老朋友一樣來(lái)參加考試，Just show us what you've got!不要讓緊張遮住你的天空。代表上海新東方口譯研究中心祝廣大考生順利過(guò)關(guān)!
================= 為幫助各位考生熟悉真實(shí)考場(chǎng)情況，我總結(jié)了以下一些該做的和不該做的幾件事，可以歸納為“考試三要三不要”。
1）進(jìn)入考場(chǎng)要收好口語(yǔ)草稿紙；不要忘記將準(zhǔn)考證、身份證，筆拿出。
2）坐定后要在兩次Directions時(shí)及時(shí)要求音量調(diào)節(jié)、窗戶關(guān)閉及口譯筆記紙；不要在考試中提任何要求。
3）考試時(shí)要堅(jiān)持到底；不要分心，例如觀察考官臉色或舉動(dòng)。
【帖士一：候考時(shí)放輕松】
口試考試正式開(kāi)始之前，考生們往往需要在候考室等上一兩個(gè)小時(shí)甚至更久。在這段時(shí)間中，經(jīng)常能看到許多應(yīng)試者還在翻閱厚厚的口譯教程，心中默念甚至背誦短語(yǔ)或表達(dá)。其實(shí)，這樣做非但不能幫助記憶，反而會(huì)導(dǎo)致心理緊張，在等候了幾個(gè)小時(shí)之后，當(dāng)真正走進(jìn)考場(chǎng)的時(shí)候往往已經(jīng)是精神疲憊了，從而影響了考試時(shí)的發(fā)揮。
在這段時(shí)間中，可以看看輕松休閑的雜志，和一起候考的同學(xué)聊聊愉快的話題，盡量分散自己的注意力，或者還可以趴在桌子上小憩片刻，讓自己的心情放松下來(lái)。在老師叫號(hào)的時(shí)候，當(dāng)所叫的號(hào)碼離自己的號(hào)碼越來(lái)越近，就難免會(huì)緊張，此時(shí)不要再去記憶所背的內(nèi)容，盡量使自己放松，以更好的姿態(tài)應(yīng)戰(zhàn)。
【帖士二：備考時(shí)勤思考】
從候考室出來(lái)，進(jìn)入備考室，坐定后，監(jiān)考老師會(huì)依次核對(duì)相關(guān)證件，可以利用這幾分鐘時(shí)間讓自己定下心來(lái)，調(diào)整狀態(tài)。正式拿到口試話題后，開(kāi)始計(jì)時(shí)五分鐘。
此時(shí)千萬(wàn)不要慌張，首先要看清題目，把黑體字的話題連同余下的提示問(wèn)題全部通讀一遍，如果還是覺(jué)得有些緊張，無(wú)法記憶題目要求，可以利用口試準(zhǔn)考證的空白背面，將話題和提示中的關(guān)鍵字抄寫(xiě)下來(lái)，這樣不僅可以稍稍平復(fù)緊張的心情，而且還能在考場(chǎng)外等待時(shí)做提示之用。
在基本了解話題后，就要開(kāi)始積極思考，這里有個(gè)小竅門，一般而言，題目下面的幾個(gè)提示問(wèn)題往往十分有用，可以根據(jù)這些問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì)自己談話的大致框架，依次將各個(gè)部分的“topicsentences”確定好，再將每個(gè)部分展開(kāi)，加入具體的事例，增加說(shuō)服力。最后再理順一遍思路，并嘗試默念著表達(dá)一下，看看自己對(duì)整體的把握如何，哪些地方還需要補(bǔ)充。
此外，準(zhǔn)備的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該越多越好，可以多挖掘幾個(gè)角度，或者盡量多舉例子來(lái)闡述觀點(diǎn)，以備臨場(chǎng)表達(dá)時(shí)不時(shí)之需。之后，在考場(chǎng)外待考時(shí)，還應(yīng)反復(fù)回憶或是模擬對(duì)于整個(gè)話題的表達(dá)，此時(shí)往往是整場(chǎng)考試過(guò)程中最為緊張的時(shí)刻，必須盡量放松，反復(fù)模擬，使自己盡快進(jìn)入考試狀態(tài)。
【帖士三：考試時(shí)要投入】
進(jìn)入考場(chǎng)后，大部分的考生會(huì)緊張，但是千萬(wàn)不要慌張，即使對(duì)面的兩位老師神情嚴(yán)肅，也不用慌張，必須精神高度集中。
第一部分話題結(jié)束后，就要立即投入第二部分的考試，這一點(diǎn)十分重要，必須迅速全身心地投入到接下來(lái)的一個(gè)速記和語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)換的過(guò)程中。即使聽(tīng)過(guò)兩段英文后，精神上會(huì)有些許的疲憊，但也不能懈怠下來(lái)，否則很容易少聽(tīng)或漏聽(tīng)接下來(lái)中文段落中的語(yǔ)句。要保持高度緊張的狀態(tài)，需要時(shí)時(shí)刻刻提醒自己不能放松，此刻的感官以聽(tīng)為主，反應(yīng)要快，完全投入其中。
在遇到具體不會(huì)翻譯的詞句或是忽然“卡住”時(shí)，要注意隨機(jī)應(yīng)變，融會(huì)貫通，學(xué)會(huì)用意譯的方法來(lái)翻譯，做到最基本的“信”，忠實(shí)于原文。
比如，在參加上一次的口試階段考試時(shí)，口譯的過(guò)程中，需要翻譯有關(guān)紫禁城的內(nèi)容，涉及許多傳統(tǒng)文化的表達(dá)，比如：內(nèi)宮、外宮等等，我就按照意譯的理解將他們的大致含義翻譯出來(lái)。另外，在介紹桂林的山水的一段中，提到了桂花。當(dāng)時(shí)我一時(shí)想不起來(lái)“桂花”這個(gè)詞的表達(dá)，于是就把它翻譯成了aspecialflowerthatgivesoutnicesweetscent。雖然表達(dá)有些問(wèn)題，但還是順利表達(dá)了意思，不至于“卡住”。畢竟，口譯考試對(duì)翻譯“信、達(dá)、雅”的三個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的后兩者要求并不高。
另外，萬(wàn)一在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)沒(méi)有翻譯完，也不要著急，直接停下來(lái)，接著翻譯下一段就可以了，千萬(wàn)不要因?yàn)榍耙欢蔚膬?nèi)容而影響下一段的翻譯。
【帖士四：最后復(fù)習(xí)忌勞累】
通常在拿到口試準(zhǔn)考證的同時(shí)，許多考生就會(huì)定下一個(gè)計(jì)劃：從現(xiàn)在到考試那天為止，通覽口譯教程并進(jìn)行記憶和背誦，有些考生甚至背誦了整本教材。其實(shí)這樣的復(fù)習(xí)并不見(jiàn)得對(duì)每位考生都有效果，而且所記憶的內(nèi)容經(jīng)常會(huì)隨著課文的遞進(jìn)而遺忘。
我們的建議是：以教程為主，中英文對(duì)照著看，不要刻意去記憶，只要熟悉一下模式即可。此外，應(yīng)當(dāng)閱讀大量的時(shí)事新聞和英文報(bào)紙，尤其要注意相關(guān)熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題的英文表達(dá)，可以多記一些，對(duì)考試會(huì)有一定的幫助。
========================== 【口譯筆記六要】
一、筆記要少而精，清晰易讀。記錄的應(yīng)當(dāng)是能提示整個(gè)意群的字（如“不斷擴(kuò)大”四個(gè)字，只要記錄“擴(kuò)”，或者用上升符號(hào)代表），反映邏輯關(guān)系的字，和數(shù)字等要求精確的細(xì)節(jié)詞。寫(xiě)字要盡量快，但不能為了速度犧牲清晰，讀不懂的筆記還不如根本沒(méi)有記錄。
二、要學(xué)會(huì)借助劃線和符號(hào)，表示常用詞匯以及句中邏輯關(guān)系。例如，“V”可以表示success,“/”可以表示of, 所以當(dāng)我們聽(tīng)到success of the American society時(shí)，我們可以寫(xiě)下 V/A；又如，在一個(gè)動(dòng)詞下面加一條下劃線，可以表示進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，如“正在進(jìn)行改革”就可以記錄成“ 改 ”。不難看出，合理的使用符號(hào)對(duì)于對(duì)于口譯成功的重要性。
三、要少線多指，即用同一種符號(hào)代表多種相互關(guān)聯(lián)的意思。例如，（意指一條橫線穿過(guò)圓圓的地球）可以表示across the world, worldwide, global, international, universal, the earth;而globalization便可用
n 來(lái)表示。這樣避免了使用過(guò)多符號(hào)反而更復(fù)雜。
四、要少橫多豎，即按照譯群，勤換行，尤其是列舉的時(shí)候，豎著記錄更為清晰。例如，We’ll invest in schools, colleges, universities, libraries and our communities.最好記錄成：
|-schhttp://tr.hjenglish.com
|-col
{-uni
|-libr
|-comm.五、快速書(shū)寫(xiě)。毋庸置疑，在保證清晰的基礎(chǔ)上，比及應(yīng)該盡量快。
六、明確結(jié)束。在每一段結(jié)束后，畫(huà)上一道線，或者隔開(kāi)一段距離再記錄下一段的內(nèi)容。
【口譯筆記六不要】
初學(xué)者往往會(huì)陷入一些筆記的誤區(qū)，造成口譯的困難。
一、不要把筆記作為目的，占用大量腦力，重心一定要放在聽(tīng)懂上面。腦記和筆記的協(xié)調(diào)是需要大量練習(xí)才能提高的，但是把握整體意思、結(jié)構(gòu)的重要性永遠(yuǎn)大過(guò)將部分字句記錄下來(lái)。
二、不要力圖把每一個(gè)字都記下來(lái)。除非熟練掌握速記，否則不可能做到把口譯考試的內(nèi)容都記下來(lái)進(jìn)行視譯（sight interpretation）。因此筆記要記的是反應(yīng)核心意義的關(guān)鍵信息以及細(xì)節(jié)信息，如數(shù)字、專有名詞等等。
三、不要在一段錄音結(jié)束后拼命把最后幾個(gè)字都寫(xiě)全。初學(xué)者往往喜歡這樣做，但實(shí)際上，這樣做既不必要，又不合理。按照心理學(xué)上記憶的規(guī)律，最后一句話已經(jīng)沒(méi)有倒攝抑制（retroactive inhibition），是不容易遺忘的；如果花了幾秒鐘在記錄最后幾個(gè)字，導(dǎo)致錄音結(jié)束后遲遲不開(kāi)口，浪費(fèi)寶貴時(shí)間，使非常可惜的。
四、不要書(shū)寫(xiě)的過(guò)于擁擠，以免過(guò)后難以辨認(rèn)。
五、不要刻意追求使用符號(hào)。符號(hào)有很多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但是創(chuàng)造過(guò)多的符號(hào)、以至于聽(tīng)到某個(gè)詞之后腦力用在了回憶其符號(hào)之上，就成了本末倒置。
六、不要現(xiàn)場(chǎng)發(fā)明符號(hào)。經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明，在口譯現(xiàn)場(chǎng)大腦高度緊張的狀態(tài)下，從未使用過(guò)的符號(hào)在事后口譯時(shí)往往會(huì)難以再現(xiàn)其含義。因此，包含符號(hào)的筆記系統(tǒng)，一定要平時(shí)建立、熟練應(yīng)用，而臨場(chǎng)不要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造符號(hào)。
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一、口譯口試考試流程：
1.必要的三證：準(zhǔn)考證、口試證、身份證。
2.按口試證上的時(shí)間地點(diǎn)報(bào)到、候考。
我的口試證上寫(xiě)的是上午7：30，上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)“三號(hào)樓一樓”。早上7：25我到了該樓，樓口處有許多等著進(jìn)場(chǎng)的學(xué)生，一位老師發(fā)套傘的塑料袋（當(dāng)天早晨下大雨），另有幾位老師進(jìn)行第一道檢查（檢查三證）。
通過(guò)檢查后進(jìn)入候考教室。教室門口有位老師負(fù)責(zé)將考生的手機(jī)（關(guān)機(jī)狀態(tài)）封進(jìn)信紙袋。隨后等待老師叫號(hào)、分組。因?yàn)榻刑?hào)是隨機(jī)的，所以要集中精神聽(tīng)老師叫號(hào)，錯(cuò)過(guò)了就只能輪到下一批甚至最后一批。叫到號(hào)后老師會(huì)告訴你一個(gè)組號(hào)，即為你的組號(hào)。隨后按次坐在教室第一排，進(jìn)行第二次三證檢查。
檢查完畢后就被帶入走廊盡頭的另一個(gè)教室，再次核對(duì)三證后發(fā)口語(yǔ)Topic的卷子。閱讀并準(zhǔn)備5分鐘后收卷。該卷上不能作任何記錄，因?yàn)橐h(huán)利用。如要寫(xiě)提綱可以寫(xiě)在自己的紙上或口試證的背面。但考試時(shí)不能看。
收卷后沿著走廊按組號(hào)分散坐在各個(gè)教室或辦公室門口的位子上，等待正式考試。
3.進(jìn)入考試教室后，面前有一張A4大小草稿紙和兩臺(tái)錄音機(jī)，一臺(tái)播放錄音，一臺(tái)錄音你的口譯。兩臺(tái)錄音機(jī)后坐著兩位老師。
檢查口試證和準(zhǔn)考證后開(kāi)始錄音，先要用英語(yǔ)說(shuō)“My name is...”和“My registration number is...”。然后開(kāi)始講Topic，講到等老師喊停后停（一般不會(huì)說(shuō)滿5分鐘），開(kāi)始口譯部分。
4.口譯部先后為兩段英譯中和兩段中譯英。每段又分為兩小組句子（中口句子較短，高口的句子比較長(zhǎng)），組間停頓時(shí)間為中口約25-35秒，高口45-50秒。
口譯結(jié)束后，收拾東西離開(kāi)，但是草稿紙不得帶出考場(chǎng)。二、一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)心得：
1.摸清“地形”很重要。
就我所知，口試在候考和考場(chǎng)就是上外的“逸夫會(huì)堂”和“三號(hào)樓”。如果不熟悉上外（本部）的校園建議早些出門或提早“踩點(diǎn)”，考試當(dāng)天就不用浪費(fèi)很多時(shí)間找樓了。要知道口試證上寫(xiě)明“遲到者不得參加考試”的。
2.吃飽但不要喝足
因?yàn)楹蚩紩r(shí)間很難把握，所以為了保證有充分的體力撐到考試的那刻，早飯要吃飽，還可以帶點(diǎn)巧克力這種高熱量的食品做能量補(bǔ)充。如果是下午考，則不宜吃太飽（容易犯困）或可以提早些吃午飯。進(jìn)入候考教室后就是一輪一輪的叫號(hào)，這時(shí)不宜走開(kāi)，所以不宜喝太多水。
3.戰(zhàn)勝緊張就贏了一半。
不緊張是不可能的，但是要想辦法讓自己盡可能的放松，這樣才不會(huì)影響發(fā)揮。我在候考時(shí)與身邊的一位同學(xué)交談了一會(huì)兒，就感覺(jué)輕松了很多。而且候考處的老師和判分的老師都很和藹，一點(diǎn)也不用“畏
懼”。緊張很可能導(dǎo)致舌頭打結(jié)或是漏聽(tīng)許多信息，或“聾”或“啞”還怎么做口譯呢？所以克服了緊張的情緒這場(chǎng)仗就贏了一半啦。
4.A bad beginning is just a bad beginning.雖說(shuō)“A good beginning is half done.”，但對(duì)于口譯考試來(lái)說(shuō)“A bad beginning is just a bad beginning.”。由于緊張或未進(jìn)入狀態(tài)，加之第一段是英譯中很可能發(fā)揮不好，這時(shí)應(yīng)該及時(shí)調(diào)整心態(tài)，不能因此而亂了陣腳，影響之后的口譯。所以考試中的不斷調(diào)整也是相當(dāng)考驗(yàn)心理素質(zhì)的，相信這也是作為口譯員最基本的能力吧。
5.做筆記不能走火入魔。
許多參加過(guò)口試的同學(xué)都說(shuō)考試時(shí)筆記寫(xiě)不全，而且最后潦草得自己都不明白是什么意思了。我認(rèn)為這是個(gè)誤區(qū)，個(gè)人認(rèn)為記是重要的，但是聽(tīng)比記更重要。聽(tīng)時(shí)理解句子的意思和句子間的邏輯關(guān)系就能把握準(zhǔn)意思主干，加上適當(dāng)?shù)墓P記作為提示，這樣才能譯得完整。一味地追求完整筆記，記的時(shí)候忽略了理解反而會(huì)撿了芝麻丟了西瓜。
================= 【以聽(tīng)聽(tīng)說(shuō)說(shuō)為榮，以默讀默譯為恥】
視譯，也就是以主句、從句、分詞和小詞為單位斷句，基本按英文材料的語(yǔ)順，一邊看一邊順?lè)＿@是翻譯訓(xùn)練的重要方法，也是同聲傳譯的基礎(chǔ)。方法雖好，但在準(zhǔn)備口譯考試的過(guò)程中，尤其是臨考的兩三個(gè)月，應(yīng)該堅(jiān)決放棄視譯，開(kāi)始聽(tīng)譯了。英譯漢應(yīng)該結(jié)合外國(guó)人原聲朗讀的磁帶聽(tīng)兩句，譯兩句。漢譯英也應(yīng)該結(jié)合磁帶，或兩人結(jié)成對(duì)子，互念互譯。看見(jiàn)的文字和聽(tīng)到耳朵里面的文字根本是兩種類型的東西，考試的狀態(tài)是聽(tīng)了說(shuō)，不是看著說(shuō)，但由于很多同學(xué)更習(xí)慣于沉默的學(xué)習(xí)方式，以往也不重視聽(tīng)說(shuō)訓(xùn)練，造成積重難返，復(fù)習(xí)情景和考試情景完全脫離，事倍而功半。
【以練習(xí)段落語(yǔ)篇為榮，以死背單詞句型為恥】
學(xué)口譯始終要以語(yǔ)篇段落為單位，英譯漢時(shí)對(duì)于不會(huì)的詞只有利用英文整齊的結(jié)構(gòu)猜測(cè)，猜不出就只好扔掉胡說(shuō)，無(wú)論心多虛，嘴上要振振有詞，說(shuō)到底就是拼命地利用聽(tīng)懂的東西。漢譯英不會(huì)時(shí)，要靠斷句、降格和做小詞的辦法，靠轉(zhuǎn)化解決問(wèn)題。比如，不會(huì)說(shuō)“婦產(chǎn)科”，就說(shuō)THE DEPARTMENT FOR WOMEN AND CHILD BIRTH；比如，“憑借新加坡雄厚的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力，他們?nèi)〉昧撕艽蟪删汀保粫?huì)翻“憑借”，就把這句話拆成，“新加坡有雄厚的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力”，“所以，新加坡取得了很大成就”；在比如，“北京大學(xué)市歷史悠久的大學(xué)，隸屬教育部”，不會(huì)說(shuō)動(dòng)詞“隸屬”，就做小詞，掛在主句后面，說(shuō)“北京大學(xué)市歷史悠久的大學(xué)，under教育部。”再一次提醒大家，口譯考試和4、6級(jí)、托福、雅思、GRE都不一樣，你只能利用你以往的單詞基礎(chǔ)，在口譯練習(xí)的過(guò)程中一定程度地積累一些口譯的常見(jiàn)詞和用法，但靠大規(guī)模的背單詞，完全不會(huì)幫你考試過(guò)關(guān)。
【以聰明利用答案為榮，以照搬筆譯式答案為恥】
一切口譯教材的答案都是筆譯式的。英譯漢時(shí)，是聽(tīng)大意，參考答案主要是參考英文原文，不是英文的譯法。主要看看自己哪里沒(méi)有聽(tīng)出來(lái)，譯的時(shí)候可以很自由，不要太糾纏具體的措辭。英譯漢口譯，像考政治大答題，大體的幾個(gè)點(diǎn)出來(lái)，就拿分了。漢譯英時(shí)，主要是看不會(huì)的詞怎么說(shuō)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)不可學(xué)習(xí)答案的復(fù)雜結(jié)果。漢譯英口譯，一般都會(huì)把句子拆碎，多說(shuō)碎句子，主謂清楚，主謂一致即可，一定不要大句子套小句子，小句子又套上孫子輩兒的句子，自己說(shuō)著說(shuō)著就把自己繞進(jìn)去了，聽(tīng)你說(shuō)話那位老師的心里一定也非常郁悶。
【以根據(jù)口譯題型找復(fù)習(xí)材料為榮，以漫無(wú)邊際練習(xí)為恥】
口譯的出題是有范圍的。英譯漢多是演講體，但講的是嚴(yán)肅的話和事，措詞不會(huì)太口語(yǔ)化，速度不會(huì)很快，所以聽(tīng)電影，聽(tīng)語(yǔ)速稍快的CNN、BBC、VOA新聞就不會(huì)幫助你提高口譯的聽(tīng)力水平。又因?yàn)槭侵械投丝荚嚕瑑?nèi)容不會(huì)很專業(yè)，不會(huì)很專題，多是泛泛而談的東西，所以很政治經(jīng)濟(jì)類的，如溫家寶新聞發(fā)布會(huì)，很科技類，介紹航天飛機(jī)技術(shù)的都不會(huì)考。漢譯英也是泛泛的講話，內(nèi)容淺，多是介紹中國(guó)情況、中國(guó)特色和中國(guó)政策的。但因?yàn)椴粚I(yè)，所以唐詩(shī)宋詞、四大名著、瘧疾傷寒都不會(huì)考。題材特點(diǎn)二是比較追逐最新關(guān)注話題，例如環(huán)境、艾滋病、姚明、奧運(yùn)會(huì)都會(huì)成為考點(diǎn)。題材特點(diǎn)三是多半會(huì)結(jié)合一些數(shù)字。
口譯學(xué)習(xí)沒(méi)有技巧，但有科學(xué)的方法。不管你今天是個(gè)什么能耐，只要你按照這些科學(xué)的辦法學(xué)習(xí)，就有可能爆個(gè)冷門，僥幸通過(guò)考試。因?yàn)槟惝吘怪皇窃谝粋€(gè)陌生的監(jiān)考老師面前暴露一會(huì)兒自己，他不了解你的過(guò)去，你過(guò)去多差都沒(méi)有意義，只要在這一刻你表現(xiàn)好就行了。我們中國(guó)的事情是，門口擠著太多的人，一旦沖進(jìn)去了，你就舒服多了。記住，你今后的口譯工作會(huì)比你現(xiàn)在的考試容易。請(qǐng)你堅(jiān)持住。
================= 一位順利通過(guò)了口譯考試的滬友在經(jīng)驗(yàn)中介紹了她對(duì)一篇素材的訓(xùn)練方法：
1、聽(tīng)一遍，不記任何筆記，扳指頭記要點(diǎn)（使用源語(yǔ)言）。聽(tīng)完之后復(fù)述，一般情況下能把大意復(fù)述出來(lái)。此時(shí)不強(qiáng)求細(xì)節(jié)，因?yàn)椴](méi)有做筆記。
2、再聽(tīng)一遍，訓(xùn)練筆記，然后復(fù)述（使用目的語(yǔ)）。
3、第三遍聽(tīng)，補(bǔ)充筆記，然后口譯（使用目的語(yǔ)）。
4、復(fù)查，看有沒(méi)有明顯的漏洞和不清楚的詞句。
第二篇：中級(jí)口譯口試總結(jié)
2011年真題：
1.口語(yǔ)話題：住在大城市的優(yōu)點(diǎn)
英譯漢： 中美文化差異
亞洲經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇（考前講座和二階段沖刺班押中文化差異考點(diǎn)）漢譯英：
入住和平酒店（口譯教程篇章）中非合作友好關(guān)系
2.口語(yǔ)話題：Can classroom teaching be replaced by guided learning through the Internet? 英譯漢：
艾滋哀之（教程重點(diǎn)篇章）
倫敦的介紹，倫敦的人口和占地面積，是活生生的博物館 漢譯英：
健康話題，要均衡膳食，戒掉酗酒、吸煙的壞毛病，讓身體與事業(yè)雙豐收
云南旅游，介紹云南風(fēng)土人情
3.口語(yǔ)話題：Are you Happy?
英譯漢：
職業(yè)生涯 Advice for young singers and song writers
Mutual Relation between U.S.and China 中美關(guān)系已經(jīng)考了兩周，后面的同學(xué)注意了啊。
漢譯英： 開(kāi)學(xué)典禮講話 江西旅游
4.口語(yǔ)話題：Lifelong education
英譯漢：
儀式講話 中美關(guān)系 科技與發(fā)展 漢譯英： 旅游及其意義
待客禮儀（難度偏大）
5.口語(yǔ)話題：失物招領(lǐng)公司應(yīng)該免費(fèi)還是要價(jià)？
英譯漢： 英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)
中美關(guān)系（連續(xù)三周考到了。）漢譯英：
五一勞動(dòng)節(jié)演講（口譯教程篇章）
中國(guó)文化遺產(chǎn)概況（這幾周的考試真是把旅游話題進(jìn)行到底了。）6.口語(yǔ)話題：在國(guó)家博物館前放孔子雕塑是否合適？
英譯漢： 人格尊嚴(yán) 國(guó)際抗貧困大會(huì) 漢譯英：
外國(guó)人到中國(guó)投資 中國(guó)人通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)參政監(jiān)督
中級(jí)口譯口試總結(jié)
1.我非常感謝...Reference:Thank you very much for...2.熱情友好的歡迎辭Reference:gracious speech of welcome 3...之一Reference:be one of 4.訪問(wèn)...是...Reference:A visit to...has...5.多年夢(mèng)寐以求的愿望Reference:has long been my dream 6...給予我一次...的機(jī)會(huì)...Reference:(The visit will)give me(an excellent)opportunity to...7.我為...，再次表達(dá)(我的愉快之情和榮幸之感)。Reference:I wish to say again that I am so delighted and privileged to...8.(我對(duì)您為我到達(dá)貴國(guó)后所做的一切安排)深表感謝。note:注意這里“到達(dá)”的動(dòng)詞向名詞形式的轉(zhuǎn)變。Reference:I'm deeply grateful for everything you've done for me since my arrival in China.9.(我很高興)有此機(jī)會(huì)(來(lái)貴公司工作)，與中國(guó)汽車業(yè)的杰出人士合作共事。note：(1)這里的“合作共事”可以不譯，由前面的“工作”統(tǒng)領(lǐng)，用with連接就可以了。(2)“杰出人士”的翻譯Reference:I'm very glad to have the opportunity to work in your company with a group of brilliant people in China's automobile industries.10....多年來(lái)一直盼望...note：主要是對(duì)“盼望”一詞的快速反應(yīng)。Reference:have been looking forward to...for many years 11.我很感激...note：出現(xiàn)“感激”，首先反應(yīng)就是appreciate及其同族詞。Reference:I appreciate...12.你若不在意的話，...Reference:If you don't mind,...13.去...走走Reference:tour around...14.浦江商務(wù)旅游公司 note：注意其中的旅游的選詞Reference:Pu Jiang Business Travel Campany 15.國(guó)家旅游局 note：局不一定要用bureau Reference:the Chinese National Tourist Administration 16.經(jīng)...批準(zhǔn)的...Reference:...approved by...17.在華...Reference:...in China 18.以...為主要服務(wù)對(duì)象Reference:provide services mainly to...19.公司的宗旨是...Reference:We operate under the principal of...20.促進(jìn)，改善，發(fā)展Reference:promote,improve,promote 21...及其周邊地區(qū) Reference:...and its surrounding areas 22.提供全方位的服務(wù) note：注意這里的“全方位”的翻譯Reference:offer an all-round service to...23.竭誠(chéng)Reference:do one's best 24.坦誠(chéng)相待 Reference:...in an honest partnership 25.商務(wù)Reference:business activities 26.我們很高興...Reference:It gives us great pleasure to...27.再次接待...note:學(xué)習(xí)這種比較特殊的說(shuō)法Reference:to play host to...once again 29.學(xué)校的全體師生員工Reference:thefaculty,students and staff of the university 30.向...表示熱烈歡迎 Reference:...wish to extend one's warm welcome to...31.格林博士和夫人Reference:Dr.and Mrs.Green 32.我相信...Reference:I am convinced that.33.這次對(duì)...的訪問(wèn) note:注意“這次”的翻譯Reference:current visit to...34....必將為...Reference:...will surely...35.作出(重要)貢獻(xiàn)Reference:make an important contribution to...36.祝大家...note:注意“大家”的翻譯Reference:wish you all...37.友好合作關(guān)系 note:注意語(yǔ)序的安排Reference:the friendly relations and cooperations 38.我懷著非常愉快的心情(出席本屆年會(huì)).note:除句型外注意,在出席前添加的小詞,以及“年會(huì)”的翻譯.Reference:It is with great pleasure that I am here to attend this annual meeting.39.值此...之際,...Reference:On the occasion of....40.我為能有機(jī)會(huì)...,向....致以深深的謝意.Reference:I would like to express my deep appreciation to...for this opportunity to...
第三篇：口譯口試備考范文
口譯口試備考:金融危機(jī)模擬題
席卷全球的金融經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，正在對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來(lái)沉重打擊，預(yù)計(jì)今年全球貿(mào)易額將下降9%左右，出現(xiàn)60年來(lái)最嚴(yán)峻的局面。
The financial and economic crisis sweeping the globe is dealing a heavy blow to the world economy.It is forecast that the global trade volume will drop by about 9 percent, indicating the most severe situation for 60 years.經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)考驗(yàn)著各國(guó)政府的經(jīng)濟(jì)管理能力，考驗(yàn)著人類的智慧。
The economic crisis is testing the economic management capabilities of governments as well as the wisdom of mankind.亞洲作為這次危機(jī)被波及的地區(qū)正深受其害，面臨著出口下降、就業(yè)減少、外匯儲(chǔ)備風(fēng)險(xiǎn)加大等威脅。
Asia is being impacted profoundly as the region is affected by the sprawling crisis, challenged by decrease of export, decline in employment, and rising risks in forex reserves.但亞洲也是這次危機(jī)中比較幸運(yùn)的地區(qū)，受危機(jī)的直接沖擊比美、歐要小，內(nèi)需潛力巨大，資金和外匯儲(chǔ)備比較充裕。However, Asia is comparatively a fortunate region in the crisis in that its direct impact is less serious than the U.S.and Europe, its potential domestic demand is enormous, and its capital and forex reserves are abundant.除少數(shù)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和地區(qū)外，多數(shù)國(guó)家和地區(qū)處于工業(yè)化、城市化快速推進(jìn)的過(guò)程中。
With the exception of a few developed economies, most of the countries and regions are in the process of accelerated industrialization and urbanization.擴(kuò)大亞洲的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作，把亞洲各國(guó)工業(yè)化、城市化進(jìn)程與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的技術(shù)和區(qū)域內(nèi)外的資金結(jié)合起來(lái)，可以形成巨大的需求。
By expanding economic cooperation in Asia, combining industrialization, urbanization of Asia with the technologies of developed countries as well as capitals from within and outside the region, tremendous demands will take shape.這種需求一旦變成現(xiàn)實(shí)購(gòu)買力和進(jìn)口能力，對(duì)拉動(dòng)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)走出危機(jī)影響，將會(huì)起到舉足輕重的作用。
Once the demands are translated into real purchase power and import power, they can play a vital role in driving the global economy out of the shadow of crisis.主席先生，女士們，先生們：
Mr.President, Ladies and Gentlemen，首先，我謹(jǐn)代表中國(guó)政府向第三次世界氣候大會(huì)的成功召開(kāi)表示熱烈的祝賀！
To start with, I wish to express, on behalf of the Chinese Government, warm congratulations on the successful opening of the Third World Climate Conference!
氣候是人類賴以生存的自然環(huán)境，是經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要基礎(chǔ)資源。以氣候變暖為主要特征的全球氣候變化已是不爭(zhēng)的事實(shí)。
Climate is the natural environment which the mankind depends on for living and the important basic resources for sustainable economic and social development.The global climate change, mainly characterized by climate warming, is an unequivocal reality.氣候變化導(dǎo)致災(zāi)害性氣候事件頻發(fā)，冰川和積雪融化加速，水資源分布失衡，生物多樣性受到威脅，對(duì)人類經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)生活和可持續(xù)發(fā)展帶來(lái)深刻和長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的影響。Climate change leads to frequent occurrence of disastrous climate events, accelerated melting of glaciers and snow covers, unbalanced distribution of water resources and endangered biodiversity, and has profound and long-lasting impact on economic and social livelihood and sustainable development of human beings.可以說(shuō)，氣候和氣候變化問(wèn)題，從來(lái)沒(méi)有像今天這樣受到各國(guó)政府的高度關(guān)切和重視，從來(lái)沒(méi)有像今天這樣受到全球民眾的高度關(guān)心和憂慮，從來(lái)沒(méi)有像今天這樣受到各類國(guó)際組織的高度關(guān)注和思考。
Never before have the issues of climate and climate change received so much concern and attention from all governments, been so much cared and worried about by people around the world, and been so much focused on and thought about by various international organizations.氣候變化問(wèn)題事關(guān)人類的福祉和全球的可持續(xù)發(fā)展，需要國(guó)際社會(huì)共同積極應(yīng)對(duì)。
The issue of climate change calls for common and active responses from the international community, as it concerns the well-being of all peoples and the global sustainable development.中國(guó)是一個(gè)氣候條件復(fù)雜、生態(tài)環(huán)境脆弱、自然災(zāi)害頻發(fā)、易受氣候變化影響的國(guó)家。China, with complex climatic conditions, fragile ecological environment and frequent natural disasters, is vulnerable to climate change.中國(guó)政府十分重視氣象工作和氣候服務(wù)，建立了國(guó)家、省、市、縣多層次的氣候服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，服務(wù)范圍遍及全國(guó)。
The Chinese Government attaches great importance to meteorological work and climate services, and has established a multi-level climate service network at national, provincial, city and county levels, providing services throughout the country.氣候變化是人類面臨的共同挑戰(zhàn)。中國(guó)是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國(guó)家，盡管面臨著發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)、消除貧困、改善民生的艱巨任務(wù)，仍高度重視氣候變化問(wèn)題。Climate change is the common challenge faced by the mankind.As the largest developing country in the world, China faces enormous tasks in developing its economy, eradicating poverty and improving people's livelihood, but it still attaches great importance to climate change.中國(guó)作為一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)任的國(guó)家，主張通過(guò)切實(shí)有效的國(guó)際合作，攜手努力，共同應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化。As a responsible country, China maintains that the international community should work together to jointly address climate change through effective international cooperation.盡管國(guó)際金融危機(jī)嚴(yán)重沖擊世界經(jīng)濟(jì)，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)也受到很大影響，但我們應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的決心沒(méi)有改變，行動(dòng)沒(méi)有松懈。
The international financial crisis has seriously affected the global economy, and China's economy has also been greatly impacted.Nevertheless, our determination to address climate change remains unchanged, and we will not slacken our efforts.中國(guó)將堅(jiān)定不移地走可持續(xù)發(fā)展道路，實(shí)施強(qiáng)有力的國(guó)內(nèi)政策、措施和行動(dòng)，承擔(dān)與發(fā)展階段、應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任和實(shí)際能力相稱的國(guó)際義務(wù)，與國(guó)際社會(huì)一道共同呵護(hù)人類共有的地球家園。
China will be firmly committed to the road of sustainable development, implement vigorous domestic policy-measures and actions, assume international obligations that are commensurate with our development stage, due responsibilities and actual capacities, and work with the international community to look after the planet Earth-the common home of the mankind.祝第三次世界氣候大會(huì)取得圓滿成功！謝謝！I wish the WCC-3 a complete success!Thank you all
世界媒體峰會(huì)共同宣言
World Media Summit Joint Statement
我們以“合作、應(yīng)對(duì)、共贏、發(fā)展”為主題，圍繞八項(xiàng)議題進(jìn)行了廣泛而深入的交流，分析了世界傳媒業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，著重探討了國(guó)際金融危機(jī)、迅速變化的受眾需求和不斷涌現(xiàn)的高新科技背景下，傳媒機(jī)構(gòu)面臨的一系列重大問(wèn)題。Themed “Cooperation, Action, Win-Win and Development”, we held extensive and in-depth discussions on eight topics, which analyzed the current situation, assessed the development trends of the global media industry on a series of crucial issues confronting media organizations against the backdrop of the international financial crisis, fast changing audience demands and the rapid advancement of emerging technologies.我們相信本次峰會(huì)深化了認(rèn)識(shí)，擴(kuò)大了共識(shí)，加強(qiáng)了合作，取得了積極成果。Through the summit we believe to have achieved positive results by producing great insights, enhancing consensus and strengthening cooperation.我們關(guān)注，當(dāng)今世界正經(jīng)歷著復(fù)雜而深刻的變革，經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化、全球信息化、傳播技術(shù)新型化以及世界文化多樣性與共通共融，為世界傳媒業(yè)的發(fā)展提供了廣闊前景，也為媒體報(bào)道世界事件和全球問(wèn)題構(gòu)建了重要舞臺(tái)。We note that the world is undergoing complicated and profound changes.Economic globalization, the information explosion, and the prevalence of new communication technologies, plus the diversity and integration of world cultures, have provided great opportunities for global media development and set up an important platform.for media organizations to cover world events and global issues.我們希望，世界各地媒體向全世界傳播真實(shí)、客觀、公正、公平的新聞信息，促進(jìn)政府和公共機(jī)構(gòu)的透明度和公信力，促進(jìn)世界不同國(guó)家和地區(qū)人民間的相互理解和交流。
We hope that media organizations around the world will provide accurate, objective, impartial and fair coverage of the world's news events, and promote transparency and accountability of governments and public institutions, and thus facilitate the mutual understanding as well as exchange of views and ideas among peoples from different countries and regions.我們密切關(guān)注國(guó)際金融危機(jī)給全球經(jīng)濟(jì)，特別是給世界傳媒業(yè)造成的嚴(yán)重沖擊。我們還就媒體應(yīng)對(duì)危機(jī)、創(chuàng)新發(fā)展的策略和經(jīng)驗(yàn)交換了意見(jiàn)。
We pay close attention to the impact of the international financial crisis on the global economy--the media industry in particular.We also exchanged ideas about the media sector's strategies and experiences in coping with the crisis and seeking renewal and development.我們認(rèn)為，數(shù)字化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化時(shí)代，世界傳媒業(yè)的環(huán)境與格局正在發(fā)生著深刻變化。挑戰(zhàn)與機(jī)遇并存，機(jī)遇大于挑戰(zhàn)。
We believe that in the current digital and network age, the global media industry is experiencing profound changes in their operating environments and structures.Though challenges and opportunities co-exist, there are more opportunities than challenges.積極適應(yīng)時(shí)代發(fā)展潮流，充分應(yīng)用高新技術(shù)成果，加強(qiáng)與用戶的互動(dòng)，鼓勵(lì)受眾的參與，將有助于推動(dòng)世界傳媒業(yè)變革和進(jìn)步。
Adapting to the developing trends and engaging consumers and encouraging participation by taking full advantage of advanced technologies will help push forward reforms and progress in the global media industry.我們希望，在世界傳媒業(yè)發(fā)展進(jìn)程中扮演著重要角色的各種形態(tài)媒體，相互學(xué)習(xí)，相互借鑒，功能互補(bǔ)，不斷創(chuàng)新，共同發(fā)展。
We hope all forms of media which are playing an important role in global media development, to seek common development by deepening cooperation between each other, learning from each other, drawing on each other's experiences and complementing each other with new ideas.我們相信，通過(guò)世界媒體峰會(huì)搭建的有效平臺(tái)，各媒體之間加強(qiáng)溝通與交流，開(kāi)展信息交流、人員交流、技術(shù)交流和經(jīng)驗(yàn)交流，增進(jìn)相互了解，分享機(jī)遇與成果。We think that through the platform.built by the World Media Summit, media institutions around the world would enhance communication, share information, carry out personnel and technology exchanges, and share their opportunities and experience.我們確信，本次峰會(huì)的舉行將對(duì)世界傳媒業(yè)產(chǎn)生廣泛、積極和深遠(yuǎn)的影響，推動(dòng)世界各地媒體共同應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)、增進(jìn)彼此合作、實(shí)現(xiàn)共贏發(fā)展。
We believe that the World Media Summit will have a widespread, positive and far-reaching effect on the global media industry and prompt media organizations in the world to work together against challenges, enhance collaboration and achieve common development.本次峰會(huì)由新華通訊社、新聞集團(tuán)、美聯(lián)社、路透社、俄塔社、共同社、英國(guó)廣播公司、時(shí)代華納特納廣播集團(tuán)和谷歌共同倡議發(fā)起，新華通訊社承辦。The summit was launched at the joint proposal of Xinhua News Agency, News Corporation, the Associated Press, Reuters, ITAR-TASS, Kyodo, BBC, Turner Broadcasting System and Google, and was hosted by Xinhua News Agency.世博口譯：
日內(nèi)瓦國(guó)際組織早餐會(huì)上的講話 尊敬的各位代表，女士們、先生們： 早上好！
Distinguished Representatives, Ladies and Gentlemen, Good morning!
非常高興能在這春暖花開(kāi)的美麗季節(jié)與在座各位國(guó)際組織的代表見(jiàn)面，并向大家介紹2010年上海世博會(huì)的籌辦情況。//
At this pleasant time of spring, I am greatly delighted to have this opportunity to meet here with you, representatives from international organizations, and brief you on the preparation progress of the Shanghai 2010 World Expo。
被譽(yù)為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化和科學(xué)技術(shù)盛會(huì)的世界博覽會(huì)，走過(guò)了150多個(gè)春秋。//
Known as a grand gathering of the world in economy, culture, science and technology, the World Expo boasts a track record of more than 150 years.她一直關(guān)注人類的交流與發(fā)展，寄托人們的思想與愿望，展示創(chuàng)造的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與成就，促進(jìn)國(guó)際的合作與友誼。世博會(huì)的宗旨與眾多國(guó)際機(jī)構(gòu)的目標(biāo)不謀而合。With its long-time focus on human communication and development, it has embodied people’s ideas and ideals, presented innovative experience and accomplishments, and enhanced cooperation and friendship among different countries.The World Expo shares common goals with many international organizations。
21世紀(jì)是城市發(fā)展的重要時(shí)期，對(duì)未來(lái)城市生活的憧憬與展望是一項(xiàng)全球性課題，它與不同發(fā)展水平的國(guó)家和人民都休戚相關(guān)。//
The 21st century will be an inportant period for urban evolution.The vision and perspectives concerning the future urban living are a common issue of global concern in which every nation has a stake, regardless of their level of development.2010年上海世博會(huì)是第一次在發(fā)展中國(guó)家舉辦注冊(cè)類世界博覽會(huì)。// The Shanghai 2010 World Expo will be the first registered international exhibition to be held in a developing country.上海世博會(huì)的主題是“城市，讓生活更美好”。我們希望在這一主題下，各參展者能夠展示城市文明成果、交流城市發(fā)展經(jīng)驗(yàn)、傳播先進(jìn)城市理念，Given its theme “Better City, Better Life”，Expo Shanghai is expected to be a forum for every exhibitor to showcase achievements in urban civilization, exchange experience for urban developments, and share advanced views on urban living, 從而為新世紀(jì)人類的居住、生活和工作探索嶄新的模式，為生態(tài)和諧社會(huì)的締造和人類的可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供生動(dòng)的例證。// …so as to explore brand-new models of human habitation, life and work in the new century and to provide vivid examples of building an ecologically harmonious society for the sustainable development of humankind。
朋友們，舉辦一屆成功、精彩、難忘的世博會(huì)，是中國(guó)政府對(duì)國(guó)際社會(huì)的一項(xiàng)莊嚴(yán)承諾，也是承辦者——上海市今后五年的主要工作目標(biāo)。//
Dear friends, The Chinese government has solemnly pledged to the international community to make Expo Shanghai a successful, splendid and unforgettable one.It is also a major priority for Shanghai municipality, the Expo organizer, in the next five years.我們將努力邀請(qǐng)200個(gè)左右的國(guó)家和國(guó)際組織參展，吸引海內(nèi)外7000萬(wàn)人次游客前來(lái)參觀，使2010年上海世博會(huì)真正成為一次偉大的聚會(huì)。
We will make every effort to attract around 200 countries and international organizations as exhibitions and 70 million visitors from home and abroad to make the Shanghai 2010 World Expo a truly magnificent gathering。
我們共同努力，使上海世博會(huì)真正成為各國(guó)人民總結(jié)歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)、交流聰明才智、展望未來(lái)發(fā)展的舞臺(tái)，成為各國(guó)平等對(duì)話、加強(qiáng)溝通、推進(jìn)合作的平臺(tái)。//
We sincerely hope that more countries and international organizations will confirm with us soon and join our efforts to make Expo Shanghai a real forum for people from all over the world to share historical experience, insights and lessons, and visions of the future, and a platform.for dialogue of equals, greater understanding and closer partnership among different countries。謝謝！
Thank you!
和諧社會(huì)”口譯口試模擬題：
“和”是中國(guó)文化傳統(tǒng)的基本精神，也是中華民族不懈追求的理想境界。// Harmony is a defining/core value of China's cultural tradition.It is an ideal that the Chinese nation has never ceased to pursue.“以和為貴”就是說(shuō)國(guó)家之間、民族之間、人與人之間要以團(tuán)結(jié)互助、友好相處為最高境界。//
“Harmony is most precious”.This means that mutual help and friendly co-existence between states, nations and people should be our ultimate pursuit.“和實(shí)生物”就是說(shuō)只有不同文明之間相互吸收借鑒，才能文物化新，推進(jìn)文明的進(jìn)步。//
“Harmony generates vitality”.This means that only with mutual interaction and enrichment can different civilizations rejuvenate and continue to grow.要建設(shè)一個(gè)和諧世界，應(yīng)堅(jiān)持民主平等，實(shí)現(xiàn)協(xié)調(diào)合作；堅(jiān)持和睦互信，實(shí)現(xiàn)共同安全；堅(jiān)持公正互利，實(shí)現(xiàn)共同發(fā)展；堅(jiān)持包容開(kāi)放，實(shí)現(xiàn)文明對(duì)話。// To build a harmonious world, we should uphold democracy and equality to enhance cooperation and coordination;ensure amity/fertility and mutual trust to achieve common security;uphold justice and mutual benefit to advance common development;and stay open to facilitate dialogue among civilizations.一個(gè)和諧的國(guó)家是法治的國(guó)家，穩(wěn)定的國(guó)家，和平的國(guó)家，繁榮的國(guó)家。一個(gè)和諧的世界是民主的世界，和睦的世界，公正的世界，包容的世界。//
A harmonious country should be one of laws and stability, peace and prosperity.A harmonious world should be one of democracy, peace, justice and tolerance.中國(guó)人提倡“海納百川，有容乃大”，主張吸納百家優(yōu)長(zhǎng)、兼集八方精義。// We Chinese hold that one should be as tolerant/encompassing as the vast ocean which admits hundreds of rivers and should draw upon other's strengths.中國(guó)真誠(chéng)愿意兼收并蓄、博采各種文明之長(zhǎng)//
China is eager to draw on/upon the strengths of other civilizations.其它有關(guān)“和諧”的詞組速記：
和諧凝聚力量，和諧成就偉業(yè)。Harmony rallys strength and leads to great successes.和而不同 harmony in diversity/harmony without uniformity 和諧共贏 all-win harmony；harmony and all winners 實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)公平與正義 ensure equity and justice
廉政文化建設(shè) foster a culture of clean government 減少社會(huì)不平等現(xiàn)象 reduce social inequalities 和諧相處 live in harmony
和諧社會(huì)的內(nèi)涵 the characteristics of a harmonious society 和實(shí)生物，同則不繼（西周周太史史伯）Harmony generates and sameness stops/stifles vitality 和為貴 Harmony is most precious;Peace is to be cherished.和也者，天下之達(dá)道也（《中庸》）Harmony is the Way to be.(The Doctrine of the Mean)
君子和而不同 Gentlemen seek harmony but not uniformity.和則兩利 Reconciliation benefits both;Peace benefits both.和則生諧 Reconciliation leads to harmony.天人合一 the unity of man/human and nature;Heaven-Man Oneness(書(shū)面);Heaven and man are one.(
第四篇：中級(jí)口譯口試講義(新東方)
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
主講：朱巧蓮
第一章
口譯綜述
一、口試部分簡(jiǎn)介
1、常見(jiàn)選題
①選擇性、辯論性話題
②熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題：西部大開(kāi)發(fā)、北京申奧等 ③校園文化話題
④社會(huì)現(xiàn)象、成功、快樂(lè)、國(guó)家政策等
2、口語(yǔ)應(yīng)試技巧
①多與英美國(guó)家人士交流、溝通 ②通過(guò)原版外片提高語(yǔ)感 ③背誦好的演講稿
④閱讀報(bào)紙，提高詞匯量，充實(shí)知識(shí)量 ⑤平日進(jìn)行作文練習(xí)
3、口語(yǔ)考試常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題： ①因?yàn)榫o張忘記事先準(zhǔn)備的例子 ②表達(dá)不流利
4、口譯考試介紹
二、口譯實(shí)考體驗(yàn) 口譯基本功
1、考生具備較高語(yǔ)言水平
2、豐富詞匯量、流利的表達(dá)
3、準(zhǔn)確的發(fā)音
4、較高的文化修養(yǎng)
5、很好的心理素質(zhì)
6、很強(qiáng)的記憶力
7、較強(qiáng)的理解力、分析力、應(yīng)變能力
中外合資是一種互補(bǔ)互惠的合作關(guān)系。外國(guó)在華投資可以最大限度地發(fā)揮各自的優(yōu)勢(shì)。
A Sino-foreign joint venture is a mutually complementary and beneficial partnership.Foreign investment in China can maximize the strengths of both parties concerned.我國(guó)幅員遼闊、資源豐富、勞動(dòng)力低廉、消費(fèi)市場(chǎng)潛力大。此外我們還有穩(wěn)定的政治社會(huì)環(huán)境和優(yōu)惠的投資政策。
Our country has massive land, abundant resources, cheap labor and a potential consumer market, in addition to the stable political and social environment and favorable investment policies.發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家有雄厚的資金、先進(jìn)的技術(shù)和管理知識(shí)。投資興辦合資企業(yè)時(shí)，外方可以提供資金、機(jī)械、技術(shù)和管理方法。
Developed countries have sufficient funds, advanced technology and managerial expertise.When establishing a joint venture, a foreign partner may bring into the cooperative business capital funds, machinery, advanced technology and management.中方可以提供土地、勞工和部分資金。應(yīng)該說(shuō)，這種投資方法對(duì)合作雙方來(lái)說(shuō)，具有豐厚的經(jīng)濟(jì)回報(bào)率。
The Chinese partner, on the other hand, may supply land, labor and a portion of the funds.Therefore, this type of investment is supposed to yield fat economic returns for both parties in the partnership.三、近年中口考試特點(diǎn)
1、課本內(nèi)容僅占1/4，其余內(nèi)容來(lái)自口譯實(shí)例。
2、英譯漢部分較難。
3、漢譯英通常都可以聽(tīng)懂，但考生翻譯時(shí)往往出現(xiàn)詞匯量匱乏的問(wèn)題。
4、注重平日口譯技能的綜合培養(yǎng)。
口譯技能：聽(tīng)力理解 詞匯量 記筆記 表達(dá)能力 《中級(jí)口譯考試備考精要》上海新東方
考場(chǎng)描述：
My name is … My Registration number is 0509000123.My topic today is…
四、口譯的概述和定義
What is interpretation? Interpretation is an extempore oral reproduction, in one language, of what is said in another language.The most widely-used forms of interpretation Interpretation may assume either of the following two forms: consecutive interpretation(CI)and simultaneous interpretation(SI).In SI, well-equipped booths are necessary.Interpretation Process
理解---------記憶----------再現(xiàn)（表達(dá)）理解是關(guān)鍵
Interpretation criterion
Faithful to the original message and smooth in the target language.準(zhǔn)、順、快
口譯課的目標(biāo)
1、To better students’ English;發(fā)音要改善，口語(yǔ)要流利，聽(tīng)力要提高，詞匯要擴(kuò)大
2、To introduce and practice interpretation skills(not tips);STM Note-taking Paraphrasing
3、To enlarge students’ scope of knowledge, including LK, ELK 課本的使用
《英語(yǔ)中級(jí)口譯資格證書(shū)考試 中級(jí)口譯教程 第二版》 梅德明 《英語(yǔ)高級(jí)口譯全真試題集》 新東方 《中級(jí)口譯備考精要》
新東方
（注：教師講解過(guò)程中涉及到的文章已經(jīng)全部收錄在網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂的電子講義中）
An Intermediate Course of Interpretation by Prof.Mei Deming as mainline textbook;We won’t deal with each text, though.We will be looking at the important stuff in the book: sentence structures and vocabulary.第二章 禮儀性口譯
《英語(yǔ)中級(jí)口譯資格證書(shū)考試 中級(jí)口譯教程 第二版》 梅德明
注：教師講課過(guò)程中涉及到的全部課本內(nèi)容，已經(jīng)完整收錄在我們的電子講義中。
一、vocabulary work詞匯預(yù)熱一 world-renowned 世界聞名 diversity 多樣化 dynamism 充滿活力 a special regard 特殊的敬意 nostalgic 懷舊的、思鄉(xiāng)的 memorable 值得回憶的 utmost courtesy 非常的禮貌 extensive 廣泛的
overshadow 使??黯然失色 non-governmental sector 民間組織 foundations 基金會(huì) mutual benefit 互惠互利 good faith 良好的誠(chéng)意
strategic relationship
戰(zhàn)略關(guān)系 flourish
興旺繁榮
mutual 的搭配
mutual 可以和這些詞搭配
mutual respect/benefit/understanding mutual trust/confidence/courtesy(禮尚往來(lái))
mutual equality/complementarity our mutual friend 我們共同的朋友 mutual aid 互助
mutual promise 相互的約定 by mutual consent 雙方同意 mutual affection 相愛(ài)
二、Expressing Thanks
Permit me first to thank you, our Chinese hosts, for your extraordinary arrangements and hospitality.My wife and I, as well as our entire party, are deeply grateful.首先，請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我感謝中國(guó)東道主的精心安排與好客，我夫人與我，以及代表團(tuán)的全體人員，都深為感激。
Thank you very much for your kind words of welcome.This is a happy and memorable occasion for me personally as well as for the members of my delegation.我非常感謝閣下的友好歡迎辭，對(duì)我本人以及代表團(tuán)所有成員來(lái)說(shuō)，這是愉快而難忘的一天。
In closing, may I say again how delighted and privileged we are to be in your country.We are deeply grateful for what you have done for us since our arrival in your country.在我結(jié)束講話之前，我想再說(shuō)一遍，我們來(lái)貴國(guó)作客是多么的愉快和榮幸。對(duì)于我們抵達(dá)貴國(guó)后你們?yōu)槲覀兯龅囊磺校覀兩畋砀兄x。
On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.I particularly want to pay tribute, not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner, but also to those who have provided the splendid music.我謹(jǐn)代表在座的所有的同事，對(duì)你們那獨(dú)有的、著稱于世的款待表示感謝。我不僅要感謝特別感謝為我們準(zhǔn)備晚宴的人們，而且還要特別感謝演奏優(yōu)美音樂(lè)的人們。
表示感謝的常用形式 On behalf of…
For myself and for our entire delegation, On behalf of all the members of my delegation and in my own name, For our Group and myself, 主體結(jié)構(gòu)：I' d like to express / extend my heartfelt thanks to you /warm gratitude hearty gratefulness /sincere thanks to you and through you to Mr.Smith
for your kind invitation(to visit China / to this fair.)/kind hospitality /warm welcome /for giving this grand banquet./for inviting us to such a marvelous dinner tonight.1.I' d like to take advantage of this opportunity to express my earnest gratitude for your help.我愿借此機(jī)會(huì)向你們的幫助表示衷心的感謝。
2.I should like to express my heartfelt gratitude for your gracious reception and hospitality.我愿向你們盛情的接待與款待表示衷心的感謝。
3.Please accept our sincere thanks for your kind invitation.請(qǐng)接受我們對(duì)你友好邀請(qǐng)的真誠(chéng)感謝。
4.Thank you very much for giving me such an excellent opportunity to visit this beautiful city and work with you.非常感謝你們給我這個(gè)極好的機(jī)會(huì)讓我來(lái)訪問(wèn)這個(gè)美麗的城市并和你們共事。
5.I am very happy to have this second chance of joyful gathering with you.我非常高興和你們?cè)俅蜗嗑邸?/p>
6.I would like to thank Sir Broers, Vice-Chancellor, for the invitation, which brings me to the famous Cambridge University.非常感謝布魯爾斯校長(zhǎng)的邀請(qǐng)，使我來(lái)到久負(fù)盛名的劍橋大學(xué)。
三、which從句
This is basically a correct observation, which says something about the American way of life.這種看法基本上是正確的，它反映了美國(guó)人的生活方式。
Greyhound is the largest long distance coach company, which offers the monthly pass.“灰狗”汽車公司是美國(guó)最大的長(zhǎng)途汽車公司，有月票出售。
Those were happy days.They were good days, important days.We were part of the dramatic process which brought us back together and set us on the road to a genuine friendly and cooperative relationship.我們參與了那富有戲劇性的轉(zhuǎn)變過(guò)程，它使我們重新走到一起，使我們踏上了通往建立一種真誠(chéng)友好與合作關(guān)系的道路。
My visit is a symbol of the good faith with which we seek to build up the strength of our friendship, our cultural and commercial ties and our important strategic relationship.我的訪問(wèn)是良好誠(chéng)意的象征，我們懷著這種良好誠(chéng)意，希望能在友誼的基礎(chǔ)上建立文化和商業(yè)關(guān)系，建立重要的戰(zhàn)略關(guān)系。
On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.我謹(jǐn)代表我在座的所有同事，對(duì)你們那獨(dú)有的、著稱于世的款待表示感謝。
So, let us start a long march together on different roads leading to the same goal, the goal of building a world structure of peace and justice in which all may stand together with equal dignity and in which each nation, large or small, has a right to determine its own form of government, its own course of development, free of outside interference or domination.所以，讓我們沿著通往共同目標(biāo)的不同的道路，一起開(kāi)始新的長(zhǎng)征。這個(gè)目標(biāo)就是建立一個(gè)和平與正義的世界，在這個(gè)世界里所有人都可以站在一起享有同等的尊嚴(yán)，所有國(guó)家無(wú)論其大小，都有權(quán)決定自己的政府形式，選擇自己的發(fā)展道路，而不受外來(lái)干涉或統(tǒng)治。
In that spirit, I ask all of you present to join me in raising your glasses to the friendship and cooperation of our two peoples which can lead to friendship and peace for all peoples in the world.本著這種精神，我敬請(qǐng)各位與我一起舉杯，為我們兩國(guó)人民之間的友誼與合作干杯，這種友誼與合作能夠帶給全世界人民友誼與和平。
四、口譯實(shí)考題分析
I wish to take this opportunity to thank you on behalf of all my colleagues for your warm reception and hospitality.// 我愿借此機(jī)會(huì)，謹(jǐn)代表我所有的同事們，對(duì)你們熱情的迎接和款待表示感謝。
The past five days in China have been truly pleasant and enjoyable and most memorable.在中國(guó)度過(guò)的這五天，令人愉快，難以忘懷。I particularly want to pay tribute to our Chinese partners for their sincere cooperation and support in concluding these agreements.我特別要稱頌我們的中國(guó)合作者，他們的真誠(chéng)合作與支持使這項(xiàng)協(xié)議得以簽署。
May I ask all of you present here to join me in raising your glasses, to the lasting friendship and cooperation between our two companies.我敬請(qǐng)各位與我一起舉杯，為我們兩家公司的永久友誼和合作而干杯。
五、vocabulary work詞匯預(yù)熱二
Your Excellency 閣下
cradle of civilization 文明的搖籃 renew old friendship 重溫舊情 establish new contacts 結(jié)交新友
a constant source of encouragement 不斷的鼓舞 in the pursuit of 追求
a common aspiration 共同的愿望 endeavor＝try in the service of 造福于
in closing 最后 privileged 榮幸的
propose a toast 提議??干杯 cheers 干杯 稱呼
Ladies and gentlemen
Your Excellency, My Chinese friends Respected Mr.chairman, ladies and gentlemen Mr.president
“ Your Excellency, Mr.Minister,” Less formally, one may address government officials as: “Mr.8 Director,” “Mr.Minister, ” “Mr.President, ” related other expressions: Your/His/Her majesty
Your/His/Her Highness/ Excellency/Royal Highness Your/His/Her Honor/ Excellency /Madam Mr.Smith, Ladies and Gentlemen, Mr.and Mrs.Smith(“Dr.and Mrs.Green” if applicable)
六、招待口譯常用句型、搭配
1、稱呼常用搭配 gracious invitation on the basis of mutual respect and equality, and mutual benefit;warm welcome generous/incomparable hospitality extraordinary arrangement(精心安排)peace, stability and prosperity
2、英語(yǔ)的名詞轉(zhuǎn)換成漢語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞
We, therefore, welcome the interest and understanding that China has shown regarding the problems of and positions taken by small and developing countries.China’s support is a constant source of encouragement to us in the pursuit of the goals of developing and maintaining the independence of our country.我們因而歡迎中國(guó)關(guān)注和理解小國(guó)和發(fā)展中國(guó)家所遇到的問(wèn)題以及所持的立場(chǎng)。中國(guó)的支持始終鼓勵(lì)著我們追求發(fā)展與保持我國(guó)獨(dú)立的立場(chǎng)。
I look forward, in the next few days, to the opportunity of learning something from your endeavour and experience in promoting economic and social development in the service of your people.我期待著在今后的幾天里有機(jī)會(huì)向你們學(xué)習(xí)，從你們?yōu)樵旄Ｈ藗兌龠M(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的奮斗和經(jīng)驗(yàn)中學(xué)到一些東西。
I’d like to take this opportunity to extend to Your Excellency an invitation to visit my country, so that we will have an opportunity to return the warm welcome and generous hospitality you extended to us.我愿意借此機(jī)會(huì)邀請(qǐng)閣下訪問(wèn)我國(guó)，以便我們能有機(jī)會(huì)回報(bào)你們給予我們的熱情歡迎和盛情款待。
3、祝酒
May I propose a toast To the health of Your Excellency, To the health of all the Chinese friends, Cheers!現(xiàn)在由我祝酒 為閣下的身體健康，為所有中國(guó)朋友的身體健康，干杯！
May I ask you to join me in a toast to the friendship and cooperation between our two cities.Now I would like to invite you to join me in a toast to the friendship and cooperation between our two cities.Ladies and Gentlemen, allow me to propose a toast.With the wine of the host, I request you all to raise your glasses and drink to the health of Smith!
4、實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)
Thank you very much for your gracious speech of welcome.China is one of the earliest cradles of civilization and a visit to this ancient civilization has long been my dream.我非常感謝您熱情友好的歡迎詞。中國(guó)是最古老的文明搖籃之一，訪問(wèn)這個(gè)文明古國(guó)是我多年夢(mèng)寐以求的愿望。
This visit will give me an excellent opportunity to meet old friends and establish new contacts.這次訪問(wèn)給與我一次極好的機(jī)會(huì)拜訪老朋友，結(jié)交新朋友。I wish to say again that I am so delighted and privileged to visit your great country and this lovely town.我為自己能訪問(wèn)偉大的貴國(guó)和這座美麗的城市，再次表達(dá)我的愉快之情和榮幸之感。
I am deeply grateful for everything you have done for me since my arrival in China.我對(duì)您為我到達(dá)貴國(guó)后所作的一切安排深表謝意。
第三章 中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化
一、“傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日”單詞預(yù)熱 vocabulary work 烹調(diào) cooking cuisine 魚(yú)肉滿架 well stocked with fish and meat 象征意義 symbolic significance 農(nóng)歷 lunar calendar 陽(yáng)歷 solar calendar 端午節(jié) Dragon Boat Festival 元宵節(jié) Lantern Festival 清明節(jié) Pure Brightness Day 重陽(yáng)節(jié) Double Ninth Day 放逐 be exiled 忠臣 loyal minister 糯米粽子 glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves 祭祀亡靈 in memory of sb.龍舟比賽 dragon boat races 中秋節(jié) Mid Autumn Festival 滿月 full moon 月餅 moon cake 蜜餞 preserved fruits 豆沙 bean paste 11 蛋黃 egg yolk 海鮮 seafood 家禽 poultry 餃子 dumplings 八寶飯 eight treasure rice 米羹 rice balls 油條 fried sticks 麻花 fried twisted stick 炒面 Chaomian 叉燒包 steamed bun with roast pork 粥 porridge 芋頭 taro 蔥油餅 pan-fried cake with sesame seeds and green onion 有關(guān)春節(jié)的常用詞 放鞭炮 let off firecrackers 耍龍燈 play the dragon lantern 耍獅子 play the lion dance 拜年 pay a new-year call
二、有關(guān)“介紹”的翻譯 ?
? 我很高興向各位介紹中國(guó)的主要傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。
I am very happy to have the opportunity to talk to you about major traditional Chinese holidays.?
? 表示“介紹情況”時(shí)，我們可以這樣翻譯： 1.to share with you brief information 在此，我愿意向朋友們介紹這些方面的情況。
I'd like to share with you brief information in this respect.2.to brief you on 借此機(jī)會(huì)，我愿意向各位朋友介紹中國(guó)加入世貿(mào)組織和參與經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的有關(guān)情況。?
? I would like to avail myself of this opportunity to brief you on China's accession to WTO and participation in economic globalization.3.to give a brief account of 我簡(jiǎn)單介紹我廠的情況。
Let me, first of all, give you a brief account of this factory.在來(lái)賓們參觀我校之前，請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我簡(jiǎn)要介紹一下我校的概況。
Before you start to look around, I would like to give you a brief account of our school.4.to tell us how/what 請(qǐng)主席先生介紹一下中國(guó)農(nóng)村扶貧運(yùn)動(dòng)的情況。
Will Mr.Chairman tell us how the anti-poverty drive is going on in China? 5.to show you 我想向您介紹一下我們初步擬定的活動(dòng)日程。I would like to show you our tentative itinerary.6.to provide sb.with some information 借此機(jī)會(huì)，向各位介紹上海經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和開(kāi)展國(guó)際經(jīng)貿(mào)交往的一些情況。I’d like to take this opportunity to provide you with some information about Shanghai’s economic development and its foreign trade.7.share a piece of my mind ?
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三、實(shí)考題分析
中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)慶膳食除了在數(shù)量和質(zhì)量上與平時(shí)有所不同之外，一些歷史悠久、具有象征意義的食物也是節(jié)日必不可缺的伴侶。
Traditional holiday meals are different from everyday meals in terms of quantity and quality.In addition, some foods with a long history and symbolic significance are indispensable on these occasions.例如，我國(guó)的端午節(jié)是紀(jì)念古代詩(shī)人屈原的日子。那一天，人們通常要賽龍舟、吃粽子。
For example, on the Dragon Boat Festival, a day set aside in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan, people will hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi, a kind of glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves.13 中秋節(jié)是觀賞滿月的日子。圓圓的月亮象征著圓滿，象征著家庭團(tuán)聚。因此，中秋節(jié)的特制食品是一種圓形的月餅。
The Mid-autumn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon.The round moon is a symbol for completeness, and family reunion.The special food of the day is the yuebing, a round moon cake.春節(jié)是中國(guó)的農(nóng)歷新年，除了常見(jiàn)的海鮮、家禽和肉類之外，人們還要按各自的地方習(xí)俗烹制傳統(tǒng)菜肴，如餃子和年糕。
The Spring Festival is the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday.In addition to the popular seafood, poultry and meat, people will prepare traditional food, for example, jiaozi, or boiled dumplings, and niangao, or the year cake according to their regional custom.四、“武術(shù)”單詞預(yù)熱 vocabulary work 武術(shù)
martial art 武術(shù)宮 martial art palace 健身 bodybuilding 減肥 lose weight 填寫(xiě)登記表 fill in a form 會(huì)員卡 membership card 古代格斗術(shù) form of combat習(xí)武 practice martial art 中國(guó)武術(shù)協(xié)會(huì) Chinese Martial Arts Association 扣人心弦的表演 thrilling performance 雜技 acrobatics 頂尖/身懷絕技/無(wú)懈可擊的 top/first-rate/ 武林高手 professional martial artist warrior, sumono, knight, errant, martial artist, swordsman
單句翻譯練習(xí)：
武術(shù)又稱功夫，在中國(guó)已經(jīng)有1000年歷史了。
Wushu, known as Kongfu or martial arts, has a history of a thousand years in China.中國(guó)的勞動(dòng)人民練習(xí)武術(shù)以強(qiáng)身健體和自我保護(hù)，武術(shù)至今仍大受歡迎。
The working people in China practice Wushu for physical training and self-defense and Wushu is still immensely popular today.中國(guó)武術(shù)還引起了外國(guó)人的興趣，在全世界不少國(guó)家，都有人學(xué)習(xí)武術(shù)。
Chinese Wushu has also aroused interest among foreigners and is taught in many countries throughout the world.練習(xí)武術(shù)有各種各樣的固定套路，有的要赤手空拳，有的要拿武器。
Wushu is practiced in various types of set exercises, either bare-handed or with weapons.武術(shù)是中國(guó)特有的民族運(yùn)動(dòng)，它可以鍛煉身體，培養(yǎng)意志力，訓(xùn)練打斗技巧。
A unique Chinese national sport, Wushu builds strong bodies, steels the willpower and gives training in fighting skills.五、實(shí)考題分析
歡迎光臨上海武術(shù)中心。在這里您可以健身、減肥、結(jié)交朋友，以及了解中國(guó)文化。
Welcome to Shanghai Martial Arts Center.Here you can do exercise to build up your body, reduce your weight, make new friends, as well as learn about Chinese culture.我們的武術(shù)協(xié)會(huì)還為各位來(lái)賓準(zhǔn)備了精彩的節(jié)目。除了武術(shù)表演，您還可以觀賞京劇節(jié)目和雜技表演。
In addition, our Martial Art Association has prepared some fabulous programes for our visitors.You can watch martial art performances, Peking Opera and acrobatic shows.倘若您想親身體驗(yàn)一下中國(guó)武術(shù)，我們可以派一流的教師進(jìn)行團(tuán)體或個(gè)別指導(dǎo)。If you want to get some personal experience with Chinese martial arts, we have first class teachers for individual or group training.我們的武術(shù)專賣店出售有關(guān)中華武術(shù)的圖書(shū)資料、錄像帶和激光視盤(pán)。滿足您的需要是本中心的服務(wù)宗旨。
Our martial art store sells books, video tapes and VCDs on Chinese martial arts.To meet your need is the purpose of our service.六、傳統(tǒng)文化詞匯補(bǔ)充
氣功
controlled breathing exercise 春聯(lián)
spring couplet 剪紙
paper-cut 戲劇臉譜
theatrical mask 國(guó)畫(huà)
traditional Chinese painting 中藥
TCM 單口相聲
monologue comic talk 對(duì)口相聲
witty dialogue;comic cross talk 馬戲
circus performance 傳說(shuō)
legend 神話
mythology 寓言
fable 二十四節(jié)氣
the twenty-four solar terms 四大發(fā)明：
火藥
gunpowder 印刷術(shù)
movable type printing 造紙術(shù)
paper making 指南針
compass
四書(shū)：
大學(xué)
The Great Learning 中庸
The Doctrine of the Mean 論語(yǔ)
The Analects of Confucius 孟子
the Mencius 孫子兵法
The art of War 三國(guó)演義
Three Kingdoms 西游記
Journey to the West
Monkey King 紅樓夢(mèng)
Dream of the Red Mansions
Story of the Stone 水滸傳 Outlaws of the Marsh
All men are brothers 詩(shī)經(jīng)
The Book of Songs 書(shū)經(jīng)
The Books of History 易經(jīng)
I Ching The Book of Changes 禮記
The Book of Rites 孝經(jīng)
Book of Filial Piety 三字經(jīng)
three word chant 八股文
stereotyped writing 重要文化遺產(chǎn)
major cultural heritage
第四章
實(shí)考題分析
一、口語(yǔ)題目范文分析
Good Health As a popular saying goes: “Health is better than wealth.” Good health enables one to enjoy his life and achieve what he hopes for in his career.On the other hand, poor health tends to deprive one of his interest in everything around him.Therefore, health is indispensable to one’s happy life.There are many ways, I think, which can help to build up one’s health.In the first place, those who always work from morning till night should find time to relax because too much stress can lead to poor performance and ill health.Secondly, if one wants to keep healthy, he must give up the habits that damage his health.Finally, regular exercises are essential for a healthy mind and body.To the best of my knowledge, there is nothing more healthful than a brisk walk in the morning.Personally, I like running in the morning.And I have benefited a lot of from it.My health condition is getting better and better.So I will persist in doing so in the future.這篇口語(yǔ)表述中運(yùn)用到的技巧：
1、引用諺語(yǔ)
2、使用常用短語(yǔ)和句型
3、作比較
4、使用關(guān)聯(lián)詞
5、用明確的詞表明自己的觀點(diǎn)
6、用自己舉例子
7、常用的序數(shù)詞
小貼士：口語(yǔ)闡述時(shí)最好能加上自己的親身經(jīng)歷
二、口譯實(shí)考練習(xí)
三、口譯實(shí)考分析 英譯漢 Passage 1: In terms of its impact on our society, I think AIDS will certainly be the number one serious public-health hazard going into the next century.//
從對(duì)我們社會(huì)所造成的影響這個(gè)角度來(lái)看，我認(rèn)為艾滋病必定是我們進(jìn)入下一世紀(jì)的頭號(hào)健康大敵。
AIDS ：Acquired Immure Deficiency Syndrome
Among all the ways and means, a massive educational campaign is the only thing conceivable at the moment that can really help.// 在所有措施中，開(kāi)展大規(guī)模的教育活動(dòng)是目前唯一行之有效的辦法。
Some people argue that a nationwide, or worldwide, educational campaign on AIDS awareness is difficult, expensive and therefore impossible.I think their argument is groundless.// 有些人認(rèn)為，在全國(guó)范圍或全世界范圍開(kāi)展提防艾滋病的教育活動(dòng)難度大，代價(jià)高，因而無(wú)法實(shí)施。我認(rèn)為這種觀點(diǎn)是毫無(wú)根據(jù)的。
We'll have to convince people that they're better of knowing than not knowing the fact, because they can take actions, treat the problem and control AIDS infection with appropriate drugs.我們應(yīng)該使人們相信，了解實(shí)際情況總比蒙在鼓里好，因?yàn)榱私鈱?shí)情后我們便可以行動(dòng)起來(lái)，共同研討這一問(wèn)題，并可以用適當(dāng)?shù)乃幬飦?lái)控制疾病的傳染。參考書(shū)錄《中高級(jí)口譯口試備考精要》
Passage 2: People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable, without meaning to or sometimes without even realizing it.// 不同文化背景的人在一起有時(shí)會(huì)做出一些令對(duì)方感到不舒服的事，他們并非故意要這樣做，有時(shí)甚至連自己也未察覺(jué)。
Most Americans are usually spontaneous, friendly and open, and enjoy meeting new people, having guests and ringing people together formally or informally.// 大多數(shù)美國(guó)人通常天真、率直，友好坦率，喜歡結(jié)識(shí)人，歡迎客人來(lái)訪，愿意召集正式的或非正式的聚會(huì)。
They tend to be informal and speak freely.So if your American hosts do something that makes you uncomfortable, try to let them know how you feel.They will appreciate your honesty and try not to make you uncomfortable again.//
美國(guó)人往往不拘禮節(jié)，說(shuō)話毫無(wú)拘束。所以要是你的美國(guó)主人做出了使你感到不舒服的事，你應(yīng)該設(shè)法讓他們知道你的感受。他們會(huì)喜歡你的誠(chéng)實(shí)態(tài)度，盡量不再做你不喜歡的事。
Sometimes Americans are said to be superficially friendly.Perhaps it seems so.Just like anywhere else, it takes time to become real friends with people in the United States.有時(shí)美國(guó)人的友善會(huì)被視為一種表面現(xiàn)象。或許看上去確實(shí)是這么一回事。同其他地方一樣，與美國(guó)人結(jié)成真正的朋友是需要一段時(shí)間的。
補(bǔ)充：文化差異方面的口譯練習(xí)
Much business in the United States is conducted on the telephone.The average businessman spends much of his time on the telephone making business contacts.在美國(guó)許多生意都是通過(guò)電話談的。一般的生意人都花很多時(shí)間打電話，接洽生意。
However, it usually will not be convenient to make initial contracts between Chinese and U.S.businesses by telephone.但是，中國(guó)公司和美國(guó)公司通過(guò)電話商討初步協(xié)議通常很不方便。
There is no particular style to American negotiations.The way the negotiations are conducted will vary from one business to another and will depend upon the individuals involved.與美國(guó)人談判并無(wú)特別的樣式。談判的方式視業(yè)務(wù)不同而不同，取決于參與談判的人員。
Although Americans have a reputation for making quick decisions, this is not always true when a corporation is involved in a major venture or a large project.Therefore, you should also be prepared for lengthy negotiations.雖然美國(guó)人享有決策果斷的聲譽(yù)，但是，在公司著手進(jìn)行主要或重大項(xiàng)目時(shí)，決策并非總是果斷的。因此，你也要做好準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)行冗長(zhǎng)的談判。
四、口譯實(shí)考分析 漢譯英
Passage 1: 中餐桌上最神奇、最有特色的用餐工具莫過(guò)于筷子。幾千年來(lái)我們中國(guó)人一直視筷子為一種最簡(jiǎn)單同時(shí)也是最有效的用餐工具。
No eating tools on the Chinese dinner table are more magical and distinctive than the chopsticks.For thousands of years we Chinese have always regarded chopsticks the simplest possible and the most efficient tool for meals.關(guān)于筷子的用料，其種類各有不同，選材包括竹子、木材、玉石、象牙、塑料、金銀等。Chopsticks can be made of a variety of materials, including bamboo, wood, jade, ivory, plastic, gold and silver and so on.對(duì)于西方人來(lái)說(shuō)，掌握用筷的方法和技巧在開(kāi)始時(shí)也許難度很大，但是只要有耐心，用心去練，不久便可以熟練地使用筷子享用中餐。
For Westerners, the mastery of the method and skills for using chopsticks may be quite challenging at the beginning.But as long as you have patience and concentrate on practice, you will soon be able to use chopsticks skillfully enough to enjoy a Chinese meal.如果想享用一頓真正意義上的中餐，那么花時(shí)間耐心學(xué)習(xí)用筷技藝不僅很有必要，而且也很有趣。
If you want to enjoy a Chinese meal in the real sense, it is not only necessary, but also very interesting, to spend some patient time learning to acquire the skills of using chopsticks.Passage 2：
中國(guó)是一個(gè)多民族國(guó)家，具有經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不平衡的特點(diǎn)。在這塊遼闊的土地上，人們使用多種語(yǔ)言和方言。
China is a multi-national country featuring unbalanced economic development, In the vast territory, different languages ad various dialects are used.//
幾十年來(lái)，政府一直號(hào)召推廣普通話，作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)漢語(yǔ)，但在相當(dāng)多的人口中，普通話還未能成為日常使用的交流工具。
Even though the government has called for popularization of Mandarin as the standard Chinese language for decades, it has not become the daily-use communication tool among a considerable number of the people.//
這顯然阻礙了經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與社會(huì)進(jìn)步。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，推廣和提倡使用普通話對(duì)加快中國(guó)改革開(kāi)放的步伐是舉足輕重的。
This obviously hinders economic development and social progress.Undoubtedly the popularization and promotion of Mandarin is vital to speeding up China's reform and opening up drive.//
這樣做，將有助于提高漢語(yǔ)信息管理技術(shù)，因此，符合全體中國(guó)人民的根本利益。It will help improve the technology of information management in Chinese.Therefore, it is the basic interests of all Chinese.20
補(bǔ)充有關(guān)餐桌禮儀的句子翻譯
中國(guó)人吃飯用筷子，西方人則用餐刀、餐叉。有些人會(huì)用筷子，但大多數(shù)人則不行，所以在西方客人擺餐具時(shí)，筷子旁邊再擺上刀叉是很明智的做法。
Chinese eat with chopsticks while most of the westerners eat with knives and forks.Some westerners may be quite good at using chopsticks, but most of them are not, therefore when setting a table at which westerners are entertained, it is always advisable to place knives and forks along side the chopsticks.中國(guó)的宴席，把菜肴擺在餐桌中央。西方人則不習(xí)慣把手伸得老長(zhǎng)，滿桌子揮舞。然而，中國(guó)人的習(xí)慣就是各人從餐桌中央菜盤(pán)子里夾菜。所以，宴請(qǐng)外國(guó)客人時(shí)，這一點(diǎn)應(yīng)該向他們講明白。
At Chinese dinner parties, the dishes are usually placed in the middle of the table.Westerners are not used to reaching for something over the table.But in China, it is usual to help oneself to the food placed at the center of the table.So when we entertain foreign guests, we should explain such table manners to them.中國(guó)人請(qǐng)客，主人總是不斷往客人的盤(pán)子里夾菜。這使外國(guó)客人覺(jué)得非常尷尬。即便是不喜歡的菜品，他也得吃下去，因?yàn)樵谖鞣剑咽澄锸Ｔ诒P(pán)子里是極不禮貌的行為。At a Chinese dinner, the host always puts more food on to the guest's plate.That often makes a foreign guest feel very awkward.He has to eat the food even if he doesn't feel like it, because it is considered bad manners in the west to leave one's food on the plate.與此相反，一個(gè)中國(guó)人出席，比方說(shuō)，一個(gè)美國(guó)人舉行的宴會(huì)，他常常辭謝遞給他的食物或飲料。雖然他其實(shí)還餓著或渴著。這在中國(guó)可能是禮貌之舉。
On the contrary, a Chinese sits at, say, an American’s dinner party, he very often refuses the offer of food or drinks though in fact he is still hungry or thirsty.This might be good manners in China, but it is definitely not in the West.五、中國(guó)國(guó)情的翻譯內(nèi)容補(bǔ)充
經(jīng)過(guò)半個(gè)多世紀(jì)的艱苦努力，特別是二十多年的改革開(kāi)放，中國(guó)已邁入全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的發(fā)展新階段。
After over half a century of strenuous efforts, more than two decades of reform and opening-up in particular, China has now entered a new stage of development aimed at building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way.但中國(guó)仍然是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家，人口多、底子薄是中國(guó)的基本國(guó)情。中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)自身發(fā)展的道路依然艱苦而漫長(zhǎng)。
However, China is still a developing country, large population and inadequate economic development remain its basic national conditions.It has a long way to go before achieving its development goals.21 中華人民共和國(guó)是全國(guó)人民共同締造的統(tǒng)一的多民族國(guó)家。迄今為止，中國(guó)有56個(gè)民族。
The People’s Republic of China is a united multi-national state founded jointly by the people of all nationalities.So far, there are 56 nationalities.與漢族相比，其他55個(gè)民族人口相對(duì)較少，因此他們?cè)诹?xí)慣上被稱為“少數(shù)民族”。
Compared with the Han nationality, China’s other 55 ethnic groups have a relatively small population, thus they are customarily referred to as ethnic minorities.1990年中國(guó)進(jìn)行了第四次人口普查，據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，在全國(guó)總?cè)丝谥校瑵h族人口約占92%，少數(shù)民族人口占8%。
According to the fourth national census conducted in 1990, the Han nationality accounts for 92 percent of the country’s total population, and minority ethnic groups account for 8 percent.在長(zhǎng)期的歷史發(fā)展過(guò)程中，中華民族這個(gè)大家庭中的各族人民經(jīng)過(guò)融合和遷移，形成了今天的分布格局。
During China’s long history of development, the people of various nationalities in China migrated and mingled, which eventually brought about today’s distribution.六、口譯考試備考方式
1、充分利用口譯教程
2、復(fù)習(xí)過(guò)程中注意句式的把握，特別注意課本中術(shù)語(yǔ)、套詞、句式的記憶
3、眼睛、嘴巴、手三者兼顧
4、多看口譯的案例
第五篇：中級(jí)口譯口試講義（最終版）
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
第一章
口譯綜述
一、口試部分簡(jiǎn)介
1、常見(jiàn)選題
①選擇性、辯論性話題
②熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題：西部大開(kāi)發(fā)、北京申奧、上海世博、經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條等 ③校園文化話題
④社會(huì)現(xiàn)象、成功、快樂(lè)、國(guó)家政策等
2、口語(yǔ)應(yīng)試技巧
①多與英美國(guó)家人士交流、溝通 ②通過(guò)原版外片提高語(yǔ)感 ③背誦好的演講稿
④閱讀報(bào)紙，提高詞匯量，充實(shí)知識(shí)量 ⑤平日進(jìn)行作文練習(xí)
3、口語(yǔ)考試常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題： ①因?yàn)榫o張忘記事先準(zhǔn)備的例子 ②表達(dá)不流利
4、口譯考試介紹
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
二、口譯實(shí)考體驗(yàn) 口譯基本功
1、考生具備較高語(yǔ)言水平
2、豐富詞匯量、流利的表達(dá)
3、準(zhǔn)確的發(fā)音
4、較高的文化修養(yǎng)
5、很好的心理素質(zhì)
6、很強(qiáng)的記憶力
7、較強(qiáng)的理解力、分析力、應(yīng)變能力
中外合資是一種互補(bǔ)互惠的合作關(guān)系。外國(guó)在華投資可以最大限度地發(fā)揮各自的優(yōu)勢(shì)。
A Sino-foreign joint venture is a mutually complementary and beneficial partnership.Foreign investment in China can maximize the strengths of both parties concerned.我國(guó)幅員遼闊、資源豐富、勞動(dòng)力低廉、消費(fèi)市場(chǎng)潛力大。此外我們還有穩(wěn)定的政治社會(huì)環(huán)境和優(yōu)惠的投資政策。
Our country has massive land, abundant resources, cheap labor and a potential consumer market, in addition to the stable political and social environment and favorable investment policies.發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家有雄厚的資金、先進(jìn)的技術(shù)和管理知識(shí)。投資興辦合資企業(yè)時(shí)，外方可以提供資金、機(jī)械、技術(shù)和管理方法。
Developed countries have sufficient funds, advanced technology and managerial expertise.When establishing a joint venture, a foreign partner may bring into the cooperative business capital funds, machinery, advanced technology and management.中方可以提供土地、勞工和部分資金。應(yīng)該說(shuō)，這種投資方法對(duì)合作雙方來(lái)說(shuō)，具有豐厚的經(jīng)濟(jì)回報(bào)率。
The Chinese partner, on the other hand, may supply land, labor and a portion of the funds.Therefore, this type of investment is supposed to yield fat economic returns for both parties in the partnership.中級(jí)口譯口試講義
三、近年中口考試特點(diǎn)
1、課本內(nèi)容僅占1/4，其余內(nèi)容來(lái)自口譯實(shí)例。
2、英譯漢部分較難。
3、漢譯英通常都可以聽(tīng)懂，但考生翻譯時(shí)往往出現(xiàn)詞匯量匱乏的問(wèn)題。
4、注重平日口譯技能的綜合培養(yǎng)。
口譯技能：聽(tīng)力理解 詞匯量 記筆記 表達(dá)能力 《中級(jí)口譯考試備考精要》上海新東方 《中級(jí)口譯歷年考試真題解析》 考場(chǎng)描述：
My name is … My Registration number is 0509000123.My topic today is…
四、口譯的概述和定義
What is interpretation? Interpretation is an extempore oral reproduction, in one language, of what is said in another language.The most widely-used forms of interpretation Interpretation may assume either of the following two forms: consecutive interpretation(CI)and simultaneous interpretation(SI).In SI, well-equipped booths are necessary.Interpretation Process
理解---------記憶----------再現(xiàn)（表達(dá)）理解是關(guān)鍵
Interpretation criterion
Faithful to the original message and smooth in the target language.準(zhǔn)、順、快
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
口譯課的目標(biāo)
1、To better students’ English;發(fā)音要改善，口語(yǔ)要流利，聽(tīng)力要提高，詞匯要擴(kuò)大
2、To introduce and practice interpretation skills(not tips);STM Note-taking Paraphrasing
3、To enlarge students’ scope of knowledge, including LK, ELK 課本的使用
《英語(yǔ)中級(jí)口譯資格證書(shū)考試 中級(jí)口譯教程 第二版》 梅德明 《中級(jí)口譯備考精要》
新東方
（注：教師講解過(guò)程中涉及到的文章已經(jīng)全部收錄在網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂的電子講義中）
An Intermediate Course of Interpretation by Prof.Mei Deming as mainline textbook;We won’t deal with each text, though.We will be looking at the important stuff in the book: sentence structures and vocabulary.第二章 禮儀性口譯
《英語(yǔ)中級(jí)口譯資格證書(shū)考試 中級(jí)口譯教程 第三版》 梅德明
注：教師講課過(guò)程中涉及到的全部課本內(nèi)容，已經(jīng)完整收錄在我們的電子講義中。
一、vocabulary work詞匯預(yù)熱一 world-renowned 世界聞名 diversity 多樣化 dynamism 充滿活力 a special regard 特殊的敬意 nostalgic 懷舊的、思鄉(xiāng)的 memorable 值得回憶的 utmost courtesy 非常的禮貌 extensive 廣泛的
overshadow 使??黯然失色 non-governmental sector 民間組織 foundations 基金會(huì)
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
mutual benefit 互惠互利 good faith 良好的誠(chéng)意
strategic relationship
戰(zhàn)略關(guān)系 flourish
興旺繁榮
mutual 的搭配
mutual 可以和這些詞搭配
mutual respect/benefit/understanding mutual trust/confidence/courtesy(禮尚往來(lái))mutual equality/complementarity our mutual friend 我們共同的朋友 mutual aid 互助
mutual promise 相互的約定 by mutual consent 雙方同意 mutual affection 相愛(ài)
二、Expressing Thanks
Permit me first to thank you, our Chinese hosts, for your extraordinary arrangements and hospitality.My wife and I, as well as our entire party, are deeply grateful.首先，請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我感謝中國(guó)東道主的精心安排與好客，我夫人與我，以及代表團(tuán)的全體人員，都深為感激。
Thank you very much for your kind words of welcome.This is a happy and memorable occasion for me personally as well as for the members of my delegation.我非常感謝閣下的友好歡迎辭，對(duì)我本人以及代表團(tuán)所有成員來(lái)說(shuō)，這是愉快而難忘的一天。
In closing, may I say again how delighted and privileged we are to be in your country.We are deeply grateful for what you have done for us since our arrival in your country.在我結(jié)束講話之前，我想再說(shuō)一遍，我們來(lái)貴國(guó)作客是多么的愉快和榮幸。對(duì)于我們抵達(dá)貴國(guó)后你們?yōu)槲覀兯龅囊磺校覀兩畋砀兄x。
On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.I particularly want to pay tribute, not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner, but also to those who have provided the splendid music.我謹(jǐn)代表在座的所有的同事，對(duì)你們那獨(dú)有的、著稱于世的款待表示感謝。我不僅要感謝特別感謝為我們準(zhǔn)備晚宴的人們，而且還要特別感謝演奏優(yōu)美音樂(lè)的人們。
表示感謝的常用形式 On behalf of…
For myself and for our entire delegation, On behalf of all the members of my delegation and in my own name, For our Group and myself, 主體結(jié)構(gòu)：I' d like to express / extend my heartfelt thanks to you /warm gratitude hearty gratefulness /sincere thanks to you and through you to Mr.Smith
for your kind invitation(to visit China / to this fair.)/kind hospitality /warm welcome /for giving this grand banquet./for inviting us to such a marvelous dinner tonight.1.I' d like to take advantage of this opportunity to express my earnest gratitude for your help.我愿借此機(jī)會(huì)向你們的幫助表示衷心的感謝。
2.I should like to express my heartfelt gratitude for your gracious reception and hospitality.我愿向你們盛情的接待與款待表示衷心的感謝。
3.Please accept our sincere thanks for your kind invitation.請(qǐng)接受我們對(duì)你友好邀請(qǐng)的真誠(chéng)感謝。
4.Thank you very much for giving me such an excellent opportunity to visit this beautiful city and work with you.非常感謝你們給我這個(gè)極好的機(jī)會(huì)讓我來(lái)訪問(wèn)這個(gè)美麗的城市并和你們共事。
5.I am very happy to have this second chance of joyful gathering with you.我非常高興和你們?cè)俅蜗嗑邸?/p>
6.I would like to thank Sir Broers, Vice-Chancellor, for the invitation, which brings me to the famous Cambridge University.非常感謝布魯爾斯校長(zhǎng)的邀請(qǐng)，使我來(lái)到久負(fù)盛名的劍橋
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
大學(xué)。
三、which從句
This is basically a correct observation, which says something about the American way of life.這種看法基本上是正確的，它反映了美國(guó)人的生活方式。
Greyhound is the largest long distance coach company, which offers the monthly pass.“灰狗”汽車公司是美國(guó)最大的長(zhǎng)途汽車公司，有月票出售。
Those were happy days.They were good days, important days.We were part of the dramatic process which brought us back together and set us on the road to a genuine friendly and cooperative relationship.我們參與了那富有戲劇性的轉(zhuǎn)變過(guò)程，它使我們重新走到一起，使我們踏上了通往建立一種真誠(chéng)友好與合作關(guān)系的道路。
My visit is a symbol of the good faith with which we seek to build up the strength of our friendship, our cultural and commercial ties and our important strategic relationship.我的訪問(wèn)是良好誠(chéng)意的象征，我們懷著這種良好誠(chéng)意，希望能在友誼的基礎(chǔ)上建立文化和商業(yè)關(guān)系，建立重要的戰(zhàn)略關(guān)系。
On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.我謹(jǐn)代表我在座的所有同事，對(duì)你們那獨(dú)有的、著稱于世的款待表示感謝。
So, let us start a long march together on different roads leading to the same goal, the goal of building a world structure of peace and justice in which all may stand together with equal dignity and in which each nation, large or small, has a right to determine its own form of government, its own course of development, free of outside interference or domination.所以，讓我們沿著通往共同目標(biāo)的不同的道路，一起開(kāi)始新的長(zhǎng)征。這個(gè)目標(biāo)就是建立一個(gè)和平與正義的世界，在這個(gè)世界里所有人都可以站在一起享有同等的尊嚴(yán)，所有國(guó)家無(wú)論其大小，都有權(quán)決定自己的政府形式，選擇自己的發(fā)展道路，而不受外來(lái)干涉或統(tǒng)治。
In that spirit, I ask all of you present to join me in raising your glasses to the friendship and cooperation of our two peoples which can lead to friendship and peace for all peoples in the world.本著這種精神，我敬請(qǐng)各位與我一起舉杯，為我們兩國(guó)人民之間的友誼與合作干杯，這種友誼與合作能夠帶給全世界人民友誼與和平。
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
四、口譯實(shí)考題分析
I wish to take this opportunity to thank you on behalf of all my colleagues for your warm reception and hospitality.// 我愿借此機(jī)會(huì)，謹(jǐn)代表我所有的同事們，對(duì)你們熱情的迎接和款待表示感謝。
The past five days in China have been truly pleasant and enjoyable and most memorable.在中國(guó)度過(guò)的這五天，令人愉快，難以忘懷。
I particularly want to pay tribute to our Chinese partners for their sincere cooperation and support in concluding these agreements.我特別要稱頌我們的中國(guó)合作者，他們的真誠(chéng)合作與支持使這項(xiàng)協(xié)議得以簽署。
May I ask all of you present here to join me in raising your glasses, to the lasting friendship and cooperation between our two companies.我敬請(qǐng)各位與我一起舉杯，為我們兩家公司的永久友誼和合作而干杯。
五、vocabulary work詞匯預(yù)熱二
Your Excellency 閣下
cradle of civilization 文明的搖籃 renew old friendship 重溫舊情 establish new contacts 結(jié)交新友
a constant source of encouragement 不斷的鼓舞 in the pursuit of 追求
a common aspiration 共同的愿望 endeavor＝try in the service of 造福于
in closing 最后 privileged 榮幸的
propose a toast 提議??干杯
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
cheers 干杯 稱呼
Ladies and gentlemen
Your Excellency, My Chinese friends Respected Mr.chairman, ladies and gentlemen Mr.president
“ Your Excellency, Mr.Minister,” Less formally, one may address government officials as: “Mr.Director,” “Mr.Minister, ” “Mr.President, ” related other expressions: Your/His/Her majesty
Your/His/Her Highness/ Excellency/Royal Highness Your/His/Her Honor/ Excellency /Madam Mr.Smith, Ladies and Gentlemen, Mr.and Mrs.Smith(“Dr.and Mrs.Green” if applicable)
六、招待口譯常用句型、搭配
1、稱呼常用搭配 gracious invitation on the basis of mutual respect and equality, and mutual benefit;warm welcome generous/incomparable hospitality extraordinary arrangement(精心安排)peace, stability and prosperity
2、英語(yǔ)的名詞轉(zhuǎn)換成漢語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞
We, therefore, welcome the interest and understanding that China has shown regarding the problems of and positions taken by small and developing countries.China’s support is a constant source of encouragement to us in the pursuit of the goals of developing and maintaining the independence of our country.我們因而歡迎中國(guó)關(guān)注和理解小國(guó)和發(fā)展中國(guó)家所遇到的問(wèn)題以及所持的立場(chǎng)。中國(guó)的支持始終鼓勵(lì)著我們追求發(fā)展與保持我國(guó)獨(dú)立的立場(chǎng)。
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
I look forward, in the next few days, to the opportunity of learning something from your endeavour and experience in promoting economic and social development in the service of your people.我期待著在今后的幾天里有機(jī)會(huì)向你們學(xué)習(xí)，從你們?yōu)樵旄Ｈ藗兌龠M(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的奮斗和經(jīng)驗(yàn)中學(xué)到一些東西。
I’d like to take this opportunity to extend to Your Excellency an invitation to visit my country, so that we will have an opportunity to return the warm welcome and generous hospitality you extended to us.我愿意借此機(jī)會(huì)邀請(qǐng)閣下訪問(wèn)我國(guó)，以便我們能有機(jī)會(huì)回報(bào)你們給予我們的熱情歡迎和盛情款待。
3、祝酒
May I propose a toast To the health of Your Excellency, To the health of all the Chinese friends, Cheers!現(xiàn)在由我祝酒 為閣下的身體健康，為所有中國(guó)朋友的身體健康，干杯！
May I ask you to join me in a toast to the friendship and cooperation between our two cities.Now I would like to invite you to join me in a toast to the friendship and cooperation between our two cities.Ladies and Gentlemen, allow me to propose a toast.With the wine of the host, I request you all to raise your glasses and drink to the health of Smith!
4、實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)
Thank you very much for your gracious speech of welcome.China is one of the earliest cradles of civilization and a visit to this ancient civilization has long been my
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
dream.我非常感謝您熱情友好的歡迎詞。中國(guó)是最古老的文明搖籃之一，訪問(wèn)這個(gè)文明古國(guó)是我多年夢(mèng)寐以求的愿望。
This visit will give me an excellent opportunity to meet old friends and establish new contacts.這次訪問(wèn)給與我一次極好的機(jī)會(huì)拜訪老朋友，結(jié)交新朋友。
I wish to say again that I am so delighted and privileged to visit your great country and this lovely town.我為自己能訪問(wèn)偉大的貴國(guó)和這座美麗的城市，再次表達(dá)我的愉快之情和榮幸之感。
I am deeply grateful for everything you have done for me since my arrival in China.我對(duì)您為我到達(dá)貴國(guó)后所作的一切安排深表謝意。
第三章 中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化
一、“傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日”單詞預(yù)熱 vocabulary work 烹調(diào) cooking cuisine 魚(yú)肉滿架 well stocked with fish and meat 象征意義 symbolic significance 農(nóng)歷 lunar calendar 陽(yáng)歷 solar calendar 端午節(jié) Dragon Boat Festival 元宵節(jié) Lantern Festival 清明節(jié) Pure Brightness Day 重陽(yáng)節(jié) Double Ninth Day 放逐 be exiled 忠臣 loyal minister 糯米粽子 glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
祭祀亡靈 in memory of sb.龍舟比賽 dragon boat races 中秋節(jié) Mid Autumn Festival 滿月 full moon 月餅 moon cake 蜜餞 preserved fruits 豆沙 bean paste 蛋黃 egg yolk 海鮮 seafood 家禽 poultry 餃子 dumplings 八寶飯 eight treasure rice 米羹 rice balls 油條 fried sticks 麻花 fried twisted stick 炒面 Chaomian 叉燒包 steamed bun with roast pork 粥 porridge 芋頭 taro 蔥油餅 pan-fried cake with sesame seeds and green onion 有關(guān)春節(jié)的常用詞 放鞭炮 let off firecrackers 耍龍燈 play the dragon lantern 耍獅子 play the lion dance 拜年 pay a new-year call
二、有關(guān)“介紹”的翻譯 ?
? 我很高興向各位介紹中國(guó)的主要傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。
I am very happy to have the opportunity to talk to you about major traditional
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
Chinese holidays.?
? 表示“介紹情況”時(shí)，我們可以這樣翻譯： 1.to share with you brief information 在此，我愿意向朋友們介紹這些方面的情況。
I'd like to share with you brief information in this respect.2.to brief you on 借此機(jī)會(huì)，我愿意向各位朋友介紹中國(guó)加入世貿(mào)組織和參與經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的有關(guān)情況。
I would like to avail myself of this opportunity to brief you on China's accession to WTO and participation in economic globalization.3.to give a brief account of 我簡(jiǎn)單介紹我廠的情況。
Let me, first of all, give you a brief account of this factory.在來(lái)賓們參觀我校之前，請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我簡(jiǎn)要介紹一下我校的概況。
Before you start to look around, I would like to give you a brief account of our school.4.to tell us how/what 請(qǐng)主席先生介紹一下中國(guó)農(nóng)村扶貧運(yùn)動(dòng)的情況。
Will Mr.Chairman tell us how the anti-poverty drive is going on in China? 5.to show you 我想向您介紹一下我們初步擬定的活動(dòng)日程。I would like to show you our tentative itinerary.6.to provide sb.with some information 借此機(jī)會(huì)，向各位介紹上海經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和開(kāi)展國(guó)際經(jīng)貿(mào)交往的一些情況。I’d like to take this opportunity to provide you with some information about Shanghai’s economic development and its foreign trade.7.share a piece of my mind ?
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三、實(shí)考題分析
中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)慶膳食除了在數(shù)量和質(zhì)量上與平時(shí)有所不同之外，一些歷史悠久、具有象征意義的食物也是節(jié)日必不可缺的伴侶。
Traditional holiday meals are different from everyday meals in terms of quantity and quality.In addition, some foods with a long history and symbolic significance are
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
indispensable on these occasions.例如，我國(guó)的端午節(jié)是紀(jì)念古代詩(shī)人屈原的日子。那一天，人們通常要賽龍舟、吃粽子。
For example, on the Dragon Boat Festival, a day set aside in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan, people will hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi, a kind of glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves.中秋節(jié)是觀賞滿月的日子。圓圓的月亮象征著圓滿，象征著家庭團(tuán)聚。因此，中秋節(jié)的特制食品是一種圓形的月餅。
The Mid-autumn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon.The round moon is a symbol for completeness, and family reunion.The special food of the day is the yuebing, a round moon cake.春節(jié)是中國(guó)的農(nóng)歷新年，除了常見(jiàn)的海鮮、家禽和肉類之外，人們還要按各自的地方習(xí)俗烹制傳統(tǒng)菜肴，如餃子和年糕。
The Spring Festival is the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday.In addition to the popular seafood, poultry and meat, people will prepare traditional food, for example, jiaozi, or boiled dumplings, and niangao, or the year cake according to their regional custom.四、“武術(shù)”單詞預(yù)熱 vocabulary work 武術(shù)
martial art 武術(shù)宮 martial art palace 健身 bodybuilding 減肥 lose weight 填寫(xiě)登記表 fill in a form 會(huì)員卡 membership card 古代格斗術(shù) form of combat習(xí)武 practice martial art 中國(guó)武術(shù)協(xié)會(huì) Chinese Martial Arts Association 扣人心弦的表演 thrilling performance 雜技 acrobatics 頂尖/身懷絕技/無(wú)懈可擊的 top/first-rate/ 武林高手 professional martial artist warrior, sumono, knight, errant, martial artist, swordsman
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
單句翻譯練習(xí)：
武術(shù)又稱功夫，在中國(guó)已經(jīng)有1000年歷史了。
Wushu, known as Kongfu or martial arts, has a history of a thousand years in China.中國(guó)的勞動(dòng)人民練習(xí)武術(shù)以強(qiáng)身健體和自我保護(hù)，武術(shù)至今仍大受歡迎。
The working people in China practice Wushu for physical training and self-defense and Wushu is still immensely popular today.中國(guó)武術(shù)還引起了外國(guó)人的興趣，在全世界不少國(guó)家，都有人學(xué)習(xí)武術(shù)。
Chinese Wushu has also aroused interest among foreigners and is taught in many countries throughout the world.練習(xí)武術(shù)有各種各樣的固定套路，有的要赤手空拳，有的要拿武器。
Wushu is practiced in various types of set exercises, either bare-handed or with weapons.武術(shù)是中國(guó)特有的民族運(yùn)動(dòng)，它可以鍛煉身體，培養(yǎng)意志力，訓(xùn)練打斗技巧。
A unique Chinese national sport, Wushu builds strong bodies, steels the willpower and gives training in fighting skills.五、實(shí)考題分析
歡迎光臨上海武術(shù)中心。在這里您可以健身、減肥、結(jié)交朋友，以及了解中國(guó)文化。
Welcome to Shanghai Martial Arts Center.Here you can do exercise to build up your body, reduce your weight, make new friends, as well as learn about Chinese culture.我們的武術(shù)協(xié)會(huì)還為各位來(lái)賓準(zhǔn)備了精彩的節(jié)目。除了武術(shù)表演，您還可以觀賞京劇節(jié)目和雜技表演。
In addition, our Martial Art Association has prepared some fabulous programes for our visitors.You can watch martial art performances, Peking Opera and acrobatic shows.倘若您想親身體驗(yàn)一下中國(guó)武術(shù)，我們可以派一流的教師進(jìn)行團(tuán)體或個(gè)別指導(dǎo)。If you want to get some personal experience with Chinese martial arts, we have first class teachers for individual or group training.我們的武術(shù)專賣店出售有關(guān)中華武術(shù)的圖書(shū)資料、錄像帶和激光視盤(pán)。滿足您的需要是本中心的服務(wù)宗旨。
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
Our martial art store sells books, video tapes and VCDs on Chinese martial arts.To meet your need is the purpose of our service.六、傳統(tǒng)文化詞匯補(bǔ)充
氣功
controlled breathing exercise 春聯(lián)
spring couplet 剪紙
paper-cut 戲劇臉譜
theatrical mask 國(guó)畫(huà)
traditional Chinese painting 中藥
TCM 單口相聲
monologue comic talk 對(duì)口相聲
witty dialogue;comic cross talk 馬戲
circus performance 傳說(shuō)
legend 神話
mythology 寓言
fable 二十四節(jié)氣
the twenty-four solar terms 四大發(fā)明：
火藥
gunpowder 印刷術(shù)
movable type printing 造紙術(shù)
paper making 指南針
compass
四書(shū)：
大學(xué)
The Great Learning 中庸
The Doctrine of the Mean 論語(yǔ)
The Analects of Confucius 孟子
the Mencius 孫子兵法
The art of War 三國(guó)演義
Three Kingdoms 西游記
Journey to the West
紅樓夢(mèng)
Dream of the Red Mansions
水滸傳 Outlaws of the Marsh
詩(shī)經(jīng)
The Book of Songs 書(shū)經(jīng)
The Books of History 易經(jīng)
I Ching The Book of Changes 禮記
The Book of Rites 孝經(jīng)
Book of Filial Piety 三字經(jīng)
three word chant 八股文
stereotyped writing 重要文化遺產(chǎn)
major cultural heritage
Monkey King Story of the Stone All men are brothers 16
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
第四章
實(shí)考題分析
一、口語(yǔ)題目范文分析
Good Health As a popular saying goes: “Health is better than wealth.” Good health enables one to enjoy his life and achieve what he hopes for in his career.On the other hand, poor health tends to deprive one of his interest in everything around him.Therefore, health is indispensable to one’s happy life.There are many ways, I think, which can help to build up one’s health.In the first place, those who always work from morning till night should find time to relax because too much stress can lead to poor performance and ill health.Secondly, if one wants to keep healthy, he must give up the habits that damage his health.Finally, regular exercises are essential for a healthy mind and body.To the best of my knowledge, there is nothing more healthful than a brisk walk in the morning.Personally, I like running in the morning.And I have benefited a lot of from it.My health condition is getting better and better.So I will persist in doing so in the future.這篇口語(yǔ)表述中運(yùn)用到的技巧：
1、引用諺語(yǔ)
2、使用常用短語(yǔ)和句型
3、作比較
4、使用關(guān)聯(lián)詞
5、用明確的詞表明自己的觀點(diǎn)
6、用自己舉例子
7、常用的序數(shù)詞
小貼士：口語(yǔ)闡述時(shí)最好能加上自己的親身經(jīng)歷
二、口譯實(shí)考練習(xí)
三、口譯實(shí)考分析 英譯漢 Passage 1:
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
In terms of its impact on our society, I think AIDS will certainly be the number one serious public-health hazard going into the next century.//
從對(duì)我們社會(huì)所造成的影響這個(gè)角度來(lái)看，我認(rèn)為艾滋病必定是我們進(jìn)入下一世紀(jì)的頭號(hào)健康大敵。
AIDS ：Acquired Immure Deficiency Syndrome
Among all the ways and means, a massive educational campaign is the only thing conceivable at the moment that can really help.//
在所有措施中，開(kāi)展大規(guī)模的教育活動(dòng)是目前唯一行之有效的辦法。
Some people argue that a nationwide, or worldwide, educational campaign on AIDS awareness is difficult, expensive and therefore impossible.I think their argument is groundless.// 有些人認(rèn)為，在全國(guó)范圍或全世界范圍開(kāi)展提防艾滋病的教育活動(dòng)難度大，代價(jià)高，因而無(wú)法實(shí)施。我認(rèn)為這種觀點(diǎn)是毫無(wú)根據(jù)的。
We'll have to convince people that they're better of knowing than not knowing the fact, because they can take actions, treat the problem and control AIDS infection with appropriate drugs.我們應(yīng)該使人們相信，了解實(shí)際情況總比蒙在鼓里好，因?yàn)榱私鈱?shí)情后我們便可以行動(dòng)起來(lái)，共同研討這一問(wèn)題，并可以用適當(dāng)?shù)乃幬飦?lái)控制疾病的傳染。參考書(shū)錄《中高級(jí)口譯口試備考精要》
Passage 2: People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable, without meaning to or sometimes without even realizing it.// 不同文化背景的人在一起有時(shí)會(huì)做出一些令對(duì)方感到不舒服的事，他們并非故意要這樣做，有時(shí)甚至連自己也未察覺(jué)。
Most Americans are usually spontaneous, friendly and open, and enjoy meeting new people, having guests and ringing people together formally or informally.// 大多數(shù)美國(guó)人通常天真、率直，友好坦率，喜歡結(jié)識(shí)人，歡迎客人來(lái)訪，愿意召集正式的或非正式的聚會(huì)。
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
They tend to be informal and speak freely.So if your American hosts do something that makes you uncomfortable, try to let them know how you feel.They will appreciate your honesty and try not to make you uncomfortable again.//
美國(guó)人往往不拘禮節(jié)，說(shuō)話毫無(wú)拘束。所以要是你的美國(guó)主人做出了使你感到不舒服的事，你應(yīng)該設(shè)法讓他們知道你的感受。他們會(huì)喜歡你的誠(chéng)實(shí)態(tài)度，盡量不再做你不喜歡的事。
Sometimes Americans are said to be superficially friendly.Perhaps it seems so.Just like anywhere else, it takes time to become real friends with people in the United States.有時(shí)美國(guó)人的友善會(huì)被視為一種表面現(xiàn)象。或許看上去確實(shí)是這么一回事。同其他地方一樣，與美國(guó)人結(jié)成真正的朋友是需要一段時(shí)間的。
補(bǔ)充：文化差異方面的口譯練習(xí)
Much business in the United States is conducted on the telephone.The average businessman spends much of his time on the telephone making business contacts.在美國(guó)許多生意都是通過(guò)電話談的。一般的生意人都花很多時(shí)間打電話，接洽生意。
However, it usually will not be convenient to make initial contracts between Chinese and U.S.businesses by telephone.但是，中國(guó)公司和美國(guó)公司通過(guò)電話商討初步協(xié)議通常很不方便。
There is no particular style to American negotiations.The way the negotiations are conducted will vary from one business to another and will depend upon the individuals involved.與美國(guó)人談判并無(wú)特別的樣式。談判的方式視業(yè)務(wù)不同而不同，取決于參與談判的人員。
Although Americans have a reputation for making quick decisions, this is not always true when a corporation is involved in a major venture or a large project.Therefore, you should also be prepared for lengthy negotiations.雖然美國(guó)人享有決策果斷的聲譽(yù)，但是，在公司著手進(jìn)行主要或重大項(xiàng)目時(shí)，決策并非總是果斷的。因此，你也要做好準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)行冗長(zhǎng)的談判。
四、口譯實(shí)考分析 漢譯英
Passage 1:
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
中餐桌上最神奇、最有特色的用餐工具莫過(guò)于筷子。幾千年來(lái)我們中國(guó)人一直視筷子為一種最簡(jiǎn)單同時(shí)也是最有效的用餐工具。
No eating tools on the Chinese dinner table are more magical and distinctive than the chopsticks.For thousands of years we Chinese have always regarded chopsticks the simplest possible and the most efficient tool for meals.關(guān)于筷子的用料，其種類各有不同，選材包括竹子、木材、玉石、象牙、塑料、金銀等。Chopsticks can be made of a variety of materials, including bamboo, wood, jade, ivory, plastic, gold and silver and so on.對(duì)于西方人來(lái)說(shuō)，掌握用筷的方法和技巧在開(kāi)始時(shí)也許難度很大，但是只要有耐心，用心去練，不久便可以熟練地使用筷子享用中餐。
For Westerners, the mastery of the method and skills for using chopsticks may be quite challenging at the beginning.But as long as you have patience and concentrate on practice, you will soon be able to use chopsticks skillfully enough to enjoy a Chinese meal.如果想享用一頓真正意義上的中餐，那么花時(shí)間耐心學(xué)習(xí)用筷技藝不僅很有必要，而且也很有趣。
If you want to enjoy a Chinese meal in the real sense, it is not only necessary, but also very interesting, to spend some patient time learning to acquire the skills of using chopsticks.Passage 2：
中國(guó)是一個(gè)多民族國(guó)家，具有經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不平衡的特點(diǎn)。在這塊遼闊的土地上，人們使用多種語(yǔ)言和方言。
China is a multi-national country featuring unbalanced economic development, In the vast territory, different languages ad various dialects are used.//
幾十年來(lái)，政府一直號(hào)召推廣普通話，作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)漢語(yǔ)，但在相當(dāng)多的人口中，普通話還未能成為日常使用的交流工具。
Even though the government has called for popularization of Mandarin as the standard Chinese language for decades, it has not become the daily-use communication tool among a considerable number of the people.//
這顯然阻礙了經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與社會(huì)進(jìn)步。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，推廣和提倡使用普通話對(duì)加快中國(guó)改革開(kāi)放的步伐是舉足輕重的。
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
This obviously hinders economic development and social progress.Undoubtedly the popularization and promotion of Mandarin is vital to speeding up China's reform and opening up drive.//
這樣做，將有助于提高漢語(yǔ)信息管理技術(shù)，因此，符合全體中國(guó)人民的根本利益。It will help improve the technology of information management in Chinese.Therefore, it is the basic interests of all Chinese.補(bǔ)充有關(guān)餐桌禮儀的句子翻譯
中國(guó)人吃飯用筷子，西方人則用餐刀、餐叉。有些人會(huì)用筷子，但大多數(shù)人則不行，所以在西方客人擺餐具時(shí)，筷子旁邊再擺上刀叉是很明智的做法。
Chinese eat with chopsticks while most of the westerners eat with knives and forks.Some westerners may be quite good at using chopsticks, but most of them are not, therefore when setting a table at which westerners are entertained, it is always advisable to place knives and forks along side the chopsticks.中國(guó)的宴席，把菜肴擺在餐桌中央。西方人則不習(xí)慣把手伸得老長(zhǎng)，滿桌子揮舞。然而，中國(guó)人的習(xí)慣就是各人從餐桌中央菜盤(pán)子里夾菜。所以，宴請(qǐng)外國(guó)客人時(shí)，這一點(diǎn)應(yīng)該向他們講明白。
At Chinese dinner parties, the dishes are usually placed in the middle of the table.Westerners are not used to reaching for something over the table.But in China, it is usual to help oneself to the food placed at the center of the table.So when we entertain foreign guests, we should explain such table manners to them.中國(guó)人請(qǐng)客，主人總是不斷往客人的盤(pán)子里夾菜。這使外國(guó)客人覺(jué)得非常尷尬。即便是不喜歡的菜品，他也得吃下去，因?yàn)樵谖鞣剑咽澄锸Ｔ诒P(pán)子里是極不禮貌的行為。At a Chinese dinner, the host always puts more food on to the guest's plate.That often makes a foreign guest feel very awkward.He has to eat the food even if he doesn't feel like it, because it is considered bad manners in the west to leave one's food on the plate.與此相反，一個(gè)中國(guó)人出席，比方說(shuō)，一個(gè)美國(guó)人舉行的宴會(huì)，他常常辭謝遞給他的食物或飲料。雖然他其實(shí)還餓著或渴著。這在中國(guó)可能是禮貌之舉。
On the contrary, a Chinese sits at, say, an American’s dinner party, he very often refuses the offer of food or drinks though in fact he is still hungry or thirsty.This might be good manners in China, but it is definitely not in the West.五、中國(guó)國(guó)情的翻譯內(nèi)容補(bǔ)充
經(jīng)過(guò)半個(gè)多世紀(jì)的艱苦努力，特別是二十多年的改革開(kāi)放，中國(guó)已邁入全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的發(fā)展新階段。
中級(jí)口譯口試講義
After over half a century of strenuous efforts, more than two decades of reform and opening-up in particular, China has now entered a new stage of development aimed at building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way.但中國(guó)仍然是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家，人口多、底子薄是中國(guó)的基本國(guó)情。中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)自身發(fā)展的道路依然艱苦而漫長(zhǎng)。
However, China is still a developing country, large population and inadequate economic development remain its basic national conditions.It has a long way to go before achieving its development goals.中華人民共和國(guó)是全國(guó)人民共同締造的統(tǒng)一的多民族國(guó)家。迄今為止，中國(guó)有56個(gè)民族。
The People’s Republic of China is a united multi-national state founded jointly by the people of all nationalities.So far, there are 56 nationalities.與漢族相比，其他55個(gè)民族人口相對(duì)較少，因此他們?cè)诹?xí)慣上被稱為“少數(shù)民族”。
Compared with the Han nationality, China’s other 55 ethnic groups have a relatively small population, thus they are customarily referred to as ethnic minorities.1990年中國(guó)進(jìn)行了第四次人口普查，據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，在全國(guó)總?cè)丝谥校瑵h族人口約占92%，少數(shù)民族人口占8%。
According to the fourth national census conducted in 1990, the Han nationality accounts for 92 percent of the country’s total population, and minority ethnic groups account for 8 percent.在長(zhǎng)期的歷史發(fā)展過(guò)程中，中華民族這個(gè)大家庭中的各族人民經(jīng)過(guò)融合和遷移，形成了今天的分布格局。
During China’s long history of development, the people of various nationalities in China migrated and mingled, which eventually brought about today’s distribution.六、口譯考試備考方式
1、充分利用口譯教程
2、復(fù)習(xí)過(guò)程中注意句式的把握，特別注意課本中術(shù)語(yǔ)、套詞、句式的記憶
3、眼睛、嘴巴、手三者兼顧
4、多看口譯的案例
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