第一篇：奧巴馬核峰會發言(英文)

Remarks by U.S.President at the Opening Plenary Session of the Nuclear Security Summit

Washington Convention Center

April 13, 2010

美國總統奧巴馬在核安全峰會全體會議開幕式上的講話

華盛頓哥倫比亞特區華盛頓會議中心

2010年4月13日

Good morning, everybody.I’d like to get started.Let me begin by thanking all of you for your participation last night.I thought it was a very important discussion.各位早上好?，F在會議開始。首先感謝諸位參加昨晚的活動，我認為我們進行了非常重要的討論。

Before I begin, I want to take this moment once again to acknowledge the terrible tragedy that struck the Polish people this weekend.We are joined today by a distinguished delegation from Poland, led by Ambassador Kupiecki.Mr.Ambassador, all of us were shocked and deeply saddened by the devastating loss of President Kaczynski, the First Lady, and so many distinguished civilian and military leaders from your country.This was a loss, not just for Poland, but for the world.在進入會議程序之前，我想利用這一時刻再次就上個周末發生的悲慘事件向波蘭人民表示慰問。今天，由庫比?；↘upiecki）大使率領的尊貴的波蘭代表團在此參加會議。大使先生，我們大家都為痛失卡欽斯基（Kaczynski）總統、第一夫人和貴國如此眾多的軍政領導人而深感震驚和哀傷。這不僅是波蘭的損失，也是世界的損失。

As a close friend and ally, the United States stands with Poland and Poles everywhere in these very difficult days.As an international community, I know that we will all rally around the Polish people, who have shown extraordinary strength and resilience throughout their history.So our hearts go out to your people.Our thoughts and prayers are with them.We join them in this time of mourning.And so, if everybody is agreeable, I would like to ask for a moment of silence to show that solidarity and to honor those who were lost.在這些困難的日子里，美國作為親密的盟友與波蘭和全世界的波蘭人站在一起。作為國際大家庭，我知道我們大家都會團結在波蘭人民的周圍，波蘭人民在其整個歷史中始終顯示出非凡的力量和堅毅的精神。我們對貴國人民深表同情。我們與他們一道思念和祈禱。我們在這一時刻與他們共同哀悼。為此，如果大家同意，我提議大家默哀片刻，以表示我們心心相連，并向遇難者表示敬意。

(Pause for moment of silence.)

（默哀）

Thank you.It is my privilege to welcome you to Washington and to formally convene this historic summit.We represent 47 nations from every region of the world, and I thank each of you for being here.This is an unprecedented gathering to address an unprecedented threat.謝謝。能夠在此歡迎你們來到華盛頓，正式舉行這個歷史性峰會，我深感榮幸。我們代表了來自全世界各地區的47個國家，我感謝你們每一個人的光臨。這是一次為應對前所未有的威脅而舉行的史無前例的會議。

Two decades after the end of the Cold War, we face a cruel irony of history--the risk of a nuclear confrontation between nations has gone down, but the risk of nuclear attack has gone up.在冷戰結束20年后，我們面對歷史的無情諷刺——國家之間發生核對抗的風險下降了，但核攻擊的危險卻上升了。

Nuclear materials that could be sold or stolen and fashioned into a nuclear weapon exist in dozens of nations.Just the smallest amount of plutonium--about the size of an apple--could kill and injure hundreds of thousands of innocent people.Terrorist networks such as al Qaeda have tried to acquire the material for a nuclear weapon, and if they ever succeeded, they would surely use it.Were they to do so, it would be a catastrophe for the world--causing extraordinary loss of life, and striking a major blow to global peace and stability.可能被出售、盜竊和制成核武器的核材料存在于數十個國家。哪怕是最少量的钚——蘋果般大小的钚——都有可能造成數十萬無辜者的傷亡?！盎亍苯M織之類的恐怖網絡企圖獲取制造核武器的材料，他們一旦得逞，毫無疑問會使用這種武器。如果他們這么做，將給世界帶來巨大的災難，造成生命的巨大損失，使世界和平與穩定遭受重大的打擊。

In short, it is increasingly clear that the danger of nuclear terrorism is one of the greatest threats to global security--to our collective security.簡言之，人們越來越清楚地看到，核恐怖主義危險構成對全球安全，對我們的共同安全最重大的威脅之一。

And that’s why, one year ago today in--one year ago in Prague, I called for a new international effort to secure all vulnerable nuclear materials around the world in four years.This is one part of a broader, comprehensive agenda that the United States is pursuing--including reducing our nuclear arsenal and stopping the spread of nuclear weapons--an agenda that will bring us closer to our ultimate goal of a world without nuclear weapons.正是因為這個原因，一年前的今天——一年前我在布拉格呼吁國際社會作出新的努力，用四年時間確保世界各地所有易散失的核材料得到安全保障。這是美國正在尋求的、包括削減我們的核庫存和制止核擴散在內的、更廣泛更全面的議程的一個組成部分。該議程將使我們更接近一個沒有核武器的世界這一最終目標。

Over the past year, we’ve made progress.At the United Nations Security Council last fall, we unanimously passed Resolution 1887 endorsing this comprehensive agenda, including the goal of securing all nuclear materials.Last night, in closed session, I believe we made further progress, pursuing a shared understanding of the grave threat to our people.在過去一年中，我們已經取得了進展。去年秋季，在聯合國安理會的會議上，我們一致通過了第1887號決議，支持此一綜合性議程，包括保障全部核材料安全的目標。我認為，在昨晚的非公開會議中，我們努力嘗試就各國人民面臨的這一嚴重威脅達成共識，取得了進一步的進展。

And today, we have the opportunity to take the next steps.今天，我們有機會來采取以后的步驟。

We have the opportunity, as individual nations, to take specific and concrete actions to secure the nuclear materials in our countries and to prevent illicit trafficking and smuggling.That will be our focus this morning.世界各國都有機會采取具體、切實的步驟來保障其國內核材料的安全，防止非法販運和走私，這將是我們今天上午討論的重點。

We have the opportunity to strengthen the International Atomic Energy Agency, the IAEA, with the resources and authorities it needs to meet its responsibilities.That will be our focus at our working lunch.我們有機會給予國際原子能機構（IAEA）履行其職責所需的更多資源和權力，以增強其功能，這將是我們工作午餐的主題。

We have the opportunity, as an international community, to deepen our cooperation and to strengthen the institutions and partnerships that help prevent nuclear materials from ever falling into the hands of terrorists.And that will be our focus this afternoon.國際社會有機會深化我們之間的合作并強化各種機制和伙伴關系，確保核材料永遠不致落入恐怖分子之手，這將是我們今天下午討論的重點。

And we have the opportunity, as partners, to ensure that our progress is not a fleeting moment, but part of a serious and sustained effort.And that’s why I am so pleased to announce that President Lee has agreed to host the next Nuclear Security Summit in the Republic of Korea in two years.This reflects South Korea’s leadership, regionally and globally, and I thank President Lee and the South Korean people for their willingness to accept this responsibility.作為合作伙伴，我們都有機會參與，以保證我們所取得的進展不是曇花一現，而是一項認真、持久的努力的一部分。因此，我很高興地在此宣布，李總統同意兩年后在大韓民國（Republic of Korea）主持下一屆核安全峰會。這項承諾體現了韓國在地區和全球事務中所發揮的領導作用。我感謝李總統和韓國人民樂于承擔這項責任。

I’d ask President Lee just to say a few words.下面我請李總統講幾句話。

(PRESIDENT LEE: Thank you for calling us, for supporting Korea to host next summit in 2012.李總統：謝謝給予我們這個機會，也感謝您支持韓國在2012年主持下一屆峰會。

I assure you I will do best to make this summit a success.So I hope to see all of you in Korea.Thank you.我向大家承諾我將盡我所能保證該峰會的成功，因此，我也希望能在韓國與你們大家再一次會面。謝謝大家。)

Thank you very much.非常感謝。

So today is an opportunity--not simply to talk, but to act.Not simply to make pledges, but to make real progress on the security of our people.All this, in turn, requires something else, which is something more fundamental.It will require a new mindset--that we summon the will, as nations and as partners, to do what this moment in history demands.因此，今天是一個機會，不只是一個討論的機會，還是一個行動的機會。不只是作出承諾，還要在保障我們各國人民的安全方面取得切實進展。而所有這一切又對我們提出了另一項要求，一項更關鍵的要求。要求我們有一種新思維——要求世界各國作為合作伙伴下定決心，響應這一歷史時刻的召喚。

I believe strongly that the problems of the 21st century cannot be solved by any one nation acting in isolation.They must be solved by all of us coming together.我深信，21世紀的諸多問題不可能由任何一個國家單槍匹馬地解決，我們只有齊心合力才能解決這些問題。

At the dawn of the nuclear age that he helped to unleash, Albert Einstein said: “Now everything has changed…” And he warned: “We are drifting towards a catastrophe beyond comparison.We shall require a substantially new manner of thinking if mankind is to survive.”

在他幫助開創的核時代來臨之際，阿爾伯特?愛因斯坦說：“現在，一切都改變了……”。他還警告說：“我們正在向一場無法比擬的災難滑落。如果人類要生存下去，我們將需要一種近乎全新的思維方式”。

That truth endures today.For the sake of our common security, for the sake of our survival, we cannot drift.We need a new manner of thinking--and action.That is the challenge before us.And I thank all of you for being here to confront that challenge together, in partnership.今天，這一真理仍然具有現實意義。為了我們的共同安全，為了我們的繼續生存，我們不能再繼續滑落，我們需要新思維，并且需要行動。這就是我們面臨的挑戰。我感謝各位來到這里作為合作伙伴共同應對這一挑戰。

And with that, I’m going to ask that we take a few moments to allow the press to exit before our first session.我的講話就到這里，下面我們稍等一下，待記者們退場后再開始第一次會議

第二篇：奧巴馬創業峰會 英文

President Obama’s Remarks at the Presidential Summit on

Entrepreneurship Ronald Reagan Building and International Trade Center

Washington, D.C.April 26, 2010 1.Thank you very much.Everybody, please have a seat.Good evening, everyone, and welcome to Washington.2.In my life, and as President, I have had the great pleasure of visiting many of your countries, and I’ve always been grateful for the warmth and the hospitality that you and your fellow citizens have shown me.And tonight, I appreciate the opportunity to return the hospitality.3.For many of you, I know this is the first time visiting our country.So let me say, on behalf of the American people, welcome to the United States of America.(Applause.)4.It is an extraordinary privilege to welcome you to this Presidential Summit on Entrepreneurship.This has been a coordinated effort across my administration, and I want to thank all the hardworking folks and leaders at all the departments and agencies who made it possible, and who are here tonight.5.That includes our United States Trade Representative, Ambassador Ron Kirk.Where’s Ron? There he is.(Applause.)I especially want to thank the two departments and leaders who took the lead on this summit--Secretary of Commerce Gary Locke and Secretary of State Hillary Clinton.Please give them a big round of applause.(Applause.)

6.We’re joined by members of Congress who work every day to help their constituents realize the American Dream, and whose life stories reflect the diversity and equal opportunity that we cherish as Americans: Nydia Velazquez, who is also, by the way, the chairwoman of our Small Business Committee in the House of Representatives.(Applause.)Keith Ellison is here.(Applause.)And Andre Carson is here.(Applause.)7.Most of all, I want to thank all of you for being part of this historic event.You’ve traveled from across the United States and nearly 60 countries, from Latin America to Africa, Europe to Central Asia, from the Middle East to Southeast Asia.And you bring with you the rich tapestry of the world’s great traditions and great cultures.You carry within you the beauty of different colors and creeds, races and religions.You’re visionaries who pioneered new industries and young entrepreneurs looking to build a business or a community.8.But we’ve come together today because of what we share--a belief that we are all bound together by certain common aspirations.To live with dignity.To get an education.To live healthy lives.Maybe to start a business, without having to pay a bribe to anybody.To speak freely and have a say in how we are governed.To live in peace and security and to give our children a better future.9.But we’re also here because we know that over the years, despite all we have in common, the United States and Muslim communities around the world too often fell victim to mutual mistrust.10.And that’s why I went to Cairo nearly one year ago and called for a new beginning between the United States and Muslim communities--a new beginning based on mutual interest and mutual respect.I knew that this vision would not be fulfilled in a single year, or even several years.But I knew we had to begin and that all of us have responsibilities to fulfill.11.As President, I’ve worked to ensure that America once again meets its responsibilities, especially when it comes to the security and political issues that have often been a source of tension.The United States is responsibly ending the war in Iraq, and we will partner with Iraqi people for their long-term prosperity and security.In Afghanistan, in Pakistan and beyond, we’re forging new partnerships to isolate violent extremists, but also to combat corruption and foster the development that improves lives and communities.12.I say it again tonight: Despite the inevitable difficulties, so long as I am President, the United States will never waver in our pursuit of a two-state solution that ensures the rights and security of both Israelis and Palestinians.(Applause.)And around the world, the United States of America will continue to stand with those who seek justice and progress and the human rights and dignity of all people.13.But even as I committed the United States to addressing these security and political concerns, I also made it clear in Cairo that we needed something else--a sustained effort to listen to each other and to learn from each other, to respect one another.And I pledged to forge a new partnership, not simply between governments, but also between people on the issues that matter most in their daily lives--in your lives.14.Now, many questioned whether this was possible.Yet over the past year, the United States has been reaching out and listening.We’ve joined interfaith dialogues and held town halls, roundtables and listening sessions with thousands of people around the world, including many of you.And like so many people, you’ve extended your hand in return, each in your own way, as entrepreneurs and educators, as leaders of faith and of science.15.I have to say, perhaps the most innovative response was from Dr.Naif al-Mutawa of Kuwait, who joins us here tonight.Where is Dr.Mutawa?(Applause.)His comic books have captured the imagination of so many young people with superheroes who embody the teachings and tolerance of Islam.After my speech in Cairo, he had a similar idea.So in his comic books, Superman and Batman reached out to their Muslim counterparts.(Laughter.)And I hear they’re making progress, too.(Laughter.)Absolutely.(Applause.)16.By listening to each other we’ve been able to partner with each other.We’ve expanded educational exchanges, because knowledge is the currency of the 21st century.Our distinguished science envoys have been visiting several of your countries, exploring ways to increase collaboration on science and technology.17.We’re advancing global health, including our partnership with the Organization of the Islamic Conference, to eradicate polio.This is just one part of our broader engagement with the OIC, led by my Special Envoy, Rashad Hussain, who joins us here tonight.Where’s Rashad?(Applause.)18.And we’re partnering to expand economic prosperity.At a government level, I’d note that putting the G20 in the lead on global economic decision-making has brought more voices to the table--including Turkey, Saudi Arabia, India and Indonesia.And here today, we’re fulfilling my commitment in Cairo to deepen ties between business leaders, foundations and entrepreneurs in the United States and Muslim communities around the world.19.Now, I know some have asked--given all the security and political and social challenges we face, why a summit on entrepreneurship? The answer is simple.20.Entrepreneurship--because you told us that this was an area where we can learn from each other;where America can share our experience as a society that empowers the inventor and the innovator;where men and women can take a chance on a dream--taking an idea that starts around a kitchen table or in a garage, and turning it into a new business and even new industries that can change the world.21.Entrepreneurship--because throughout history, the market has been the most powerful force the world has ever known for creating opportunity and lifting people out of poverty.22.Entrepreneurship--because it’s in our mutual economic interest.Trade between the United States and Muslim-majority countries has grown.But all this trade, combined, is still only about the same as our trade with one country--Mexico.So there’s so much more we can do together, in partnership, to foster opportunity and prosperity in all our countries.23.And social entrepreneurship--because, as I learned as a community organizer in Chicago, real change comes from the bottom up, from the grassroots, starting with the dreams and passions of single individuals serving their communities.24.And that’s why we’re here.We have Jerry Yang, who transformed how we communicate, with Yahoo.Is Jerry here? Where is he? He’ll be here tomorrow.As well as entrepreneurs who have opened cybercafés and new forums on the Internet for discussion and development.Together, you can unleash the technologies that will help shape the 21st century.25.We have successes like Dr.Mohamed Ibrahim, who I met earlier, who built a telecommunications empire that empowered people across Africa.And we have aspiring entrepreneurs who are looking to grow their businesses and hire new workers.Together you can address the challenges of accessing capital.We have trailblazers like Sheikha Hanadi of Qatar, along with Waed al Taweel, who I met earlier--a 20-year-old student from the West Bank who wants to build recreation centers for Palestinian youth.So together, they represent the incredible talents of women entrepreneurs and remind us that countries that educate and empower women are countries that are far more likely to prosper.I believe that.(Applause.)26.We have pioneers like Chris Hughes, who created Facebook, as well as an online community that brought so many young people into my campaign for President--MyBarackObama.com.(Laughter.)We have people like Soraya Salti of Jordan who are empowering the young men and women who will be leaders of tomorrow.(Applause.)Together, they represent the great potential and expectations of young people around the world.27.And we’ve got social entrepreneurs like Tri Mumpuni, who has helped rural communities in Indonesia--(applause)--harness the electricity, and revenues, of hydro-power.And Andeisha Farid, an extraordinary woman from Afghanistan, who’s taken great risks to educate the next generation, one girl at a time.(Applause.)Together, they point the way to a future where progress is shared and prosperity is sustainable.28.And I also happened to notice Dr.Yunus--it’s wonderful to see you again.I think so many people know the history of Grameen Bank and all the great work that’s been done to help finance entrepreneurship among the poorest of the poor, first throughout South Asia, and now around the world.29.So this is the incredible potential that you represent;the future we can seize together.So tonight I'm proud to announce a series of new partnerships and initiatives that will do just that.30.The United States is launching several new exchange programs.We will bring business and social entrepreneurs from Muslim-majority countries to the United States and send their American counterparts to learn from your countries.(Applause.)So women in technology fields will have the opportunity to come to the United States for internships and professional development.And since innovation is central to entrepreneurship, we’re creating new exchanges for science teachers.31.We’re forging new partnerships in which high-tech leaders from Silicon Valley will share their expertise--in venture capital, mentorship, and technology incubators--with partners in the Middle East and in Turkey and in Southeast Asia.32.And tonight, I can report that the Global Technology and Innovation Fund that I announced in Cairo will potentially mobilize more than $2 billion in investments.This is private capital, and it will unlock new opportunities for people across our countries in sectors like telecommunications, health care, education, and infrastructure.33.And finally, I’m proud that we’re creating here at this summit not only these programs that I’ve just mentioned, but it’s not going to stop here.Together, we’ve sparked a new era of entrepreneurship--with events all over Washington this week, and upcoming regional conferences around the world.34.Tonight, I am pleased to announce that Prime Minister Erdogan has agreed to host the next Entrepreneurship Summit next year in Turkey.(Applause.)And so I thank the Prime Minister and the people and private sector leaders of Turkey for helping to sustain the momentum that we will unleash this week.35.So as I said, there are those who questioned whether we could forge these new beginnings.And given the magnitude of the challenges we face in the world--and let’s face it, a lot of the bad news that comes through the television each and every day--sometimes it can be tempting to believe that the goodwill and good works of ordinary people are simply insufficient to the task at hand.But to any who still doubt whether partnerships between people can remake our world, I say look at the men and women who are here today.36.Look at the professor who came up with an idea--micro-finance--that empowered the rural poor across his country, especially women and children.That’s the powerful example of Dr.Yunus.37.Look what happened when Muhammad shared his idea with a woman from Pakistan, who has since lifted hundreds of thousands of families and children out of poverty through a foundation whose name literally means “miracle.” That’s the example of Roshaneh Zafar.(Applause.)38.Look what happened when that idea spread across the world--including to people like my own mother, who worked with the rural poor from Pakistan to Indonesia.That simple idea, began with a single person, has now transformed the lives of millions.That’s the spirit of entrepreneurship.39.So, yes, the new beginning we seek is not only possible, it has already begun.It exists within each of you, and millions around the world who believe, like we do, that the future belongs not to those who would divide us, but to those who come together;not to those who would destroy, but those who would build;not those trapped in the past, but those who, like us, believe with confidence and conviction in a future of justice and progress and the dignity of all human beings regardless of their race, regardless of their religion.40.That’s the enormous potential that we’re hoping to unlock during this conference and hoping to continue not only this week but in the months and years ahead.So I’m grateful that all of you are participating.May God bless you all and may God’s peace be upon you.Thank you very much.Thank you.(Applause.)

第三篇：美國總統奧巴馬發表核峰會閉幕詞

美國總統奧巴馬發表核峰會閉幕詞

THE PRESIDENT: Good afternoon, everybody.We have just concluded an enormously productive day.總統：大家好。我們剛剛結束了成就斐然的一天。

I said this morning that today would be an opportunity for our nations, both individually and collectively, to make concrete commitments and take tangible steps to secure nuclear materials so they never fall into the hands of terrorists who would surely use them.我在上午說過，今天我們各國面臨一個機會，可以分別和共同作出具體承諾和采取明確措施，確保核材料的安全，防止核材料落入那些無疑會利用它們的恐怖主義分子手中。

This evening, I can report that we have seized this opportunity, and because of the steps we’ve taken--as individual nations and as an international community--the American people will be safer and the world will be more secure.今晚，我可以這么說，我們成功地把握了這一機遇，作為具體的國家和國際社會，我們已經采取了措施，美國人民將因此更安全，世界將更穩定。

I want to thank all who participated in this historic summit--49 leaders from every region of the world.Today’s progress was possible because these leaders came not simply to talk, but to take action;not simply to make vague pledges of future action, but to commit to meaningful steps that they are prepared to implement right now.我謹在此感謝出席這一具有歷史意義的峰會的全體代表，來自世界各地區的49位領導人。今天之所以能取得進展，是因為這些領導人不僅與會發言，而且采取行動；不是含糊地承諾在未來采取行動，而是承諾他們準備立即實施的有意義的步驟。

I also want to thank my colleagues for the candor and cooperative spirit that they brought to the discussions.This was not a day of long speeches or lectures on what other nations must do.We listened to each other, with mutual respect.We recognized that while different countries face different challenges, we have a mutual interest in securing these dangerous materials.我還要感謝各位同仁在討論中所表現的坦率與合作精神。今天并無冗長的講話，亦無要求別國如何是從的訓誡。我們互相傾聽、互相尊重。我們認識到，雖然不同國家面臨不同的挑戰，但我們有著共同的利益，即確保這些危險核材料的安全。

So today is a testament to what is possible when nations come together in a spirit of partnership to embrace our shared responsibility and confront a shared challenge.This is how we will solve problems and advance the security of our people in the 21st century.And this is reflected in the communiqué that we have unanimously agreed to today.因此，當許多國家本著合作精神走到一起承擔我們共同的職責和應對共同的挑戰時，就能大有作為，今天這一點得到了驗證。這將是我們在21世紀解決問題和增進人民安全的途徑。這也體現在今天我們一致通過的公報之中。

First, we agreed on the urgency and seriousness of the threat.Coming into this summit, there were a range of views on this danger.But at our dinner last night, and throughout the day, we developed a shared understanding of the risk.首先，我們就這一威脅的緊迫性和嚴峻性達成了共識。在參加本屆峰會之際，人們對這一威脅眾說紛紜。然而，經過昨天晚餐席間乃至今天全天的討論，我們對這一威脅達成了共同的理解。Today, we are declaring that nuclear terrorism is one of the most challenging threats to international security.We also agreed that the most effective way to prevent terrorists and criminals from acquiring nuclear materials is through strong nuclear security--protecting nuclear materials and preventing nuclear smuggling.今天，我們宣布核恐怖主義是國際安全所面臨的最具挑戰性的威脅之一。我們還一致認為，防止恐怖主義分子和罪犯獲得核材料的最有效方法就是加強核安全——保護核材料和防止核販運。

Second, I am very pleased that all the nations represented here have endorsed the goal that I outlined in Prague one year ago--to secure all vulnerable nuclear materials around the world in four years' time.This is an ambitious goal, and we are under no illusions that it will be easy.But the urgency of the threat, and the catastrophic consequences of even a single act of nuclear terrorism, demand an effort that is at once bold and pragmatic.And this is a goal that can be achieved.第二，我非常欣慰的是，所有與會國對我一年前在布拉格所闡述的目標予以支持，即在四年時間內確保世界所有易失散核材料的安全。這是一項宏偉目標，我們非常清楚達到這項目標并非易事。然而，由于該威脅的緊迫性，還由于哪怕一次核恐怖主義攻擊即可導致巨大災難，我們需要作出既大膽又務實的努力。這是一個能夠實現的目標。

Third, we reaffirmed that it is the fundamental responsibility of nations, consistent with their international obligations, to maintain effective security of the nuclear materials and facilities under our control.This includes strengthening national laws and policies, and fully implementing the commitments we have agreed to.第三，我們重申，根據各國的國際義務，各國承擔著基本的責任，必須以有效的方式保障我們控制之下的核材料及核設施的安全。這包括加強國家法律和政策，全面履行我們一致同意的承諾。

And fourth, we recognized that even as we fulfill our national responsibilities, this threat cannot be addressed by countries working in isolation.So we've committed ourselves to a sustained, effective program of international cooperation on national [sic] security, and we call on other nations to join us.第四，我們認識到，即使在我們履行各自的國家職責時，也需要各國通力合作才能消除這一威脅。因此，我們已承諾致力于持久而有效的計劃，就國家安全進行國際合作，我們呼吁其他國家與我們攜手努力。

It became clear in our discussions that we do not need lots of new institutions and layers of bureaucracy.We need to strengthen the institutions and partnerships that we already have-— and make them even more effective.This includes the United Nations, the International Atomic Energy Agency, the multilateral partnership that strengthens nuclear security, prevent nuclear trafficking and assist nations in building their capacity to secure their nuclear materials.我們的討論得出的一項明確結論是，我們并不需要太多的新機制和重疊的機構。我們需要加強現有機制與合作關系，使它們更有效。這包括聯合國、國際原子能機構、以及加強核安全、防止核販運、協助各國建設核材料安全保障能力的多邊伙伴關系。

But as I said, today was about taking tangible steps to protect our people.So we've also agreed to a detailed work plan to guide our efforts going forward--the specific actions we will take.I want to commend my partners for the very important commitments that they made in conjunction with this summit.Let me give some examples.然而如上所述，今天的任務是采取明確步驟保護我們的人民。所以我們還就一項具體的工作計劃達成一致意見，為我們未來的努力——即我們將采取的具體行動——指引方向。我謹在此對我的合作伙伴們在這次峰會期間作出十分重要的承諾表示贊揚。讓我試舉數例。

Canada agreed to give up a significant quantity of highly enriched uranium.Chile has given up its entire stockpile.Ukraine and Mexico announced that they will do the same.Other nations--such as Argentina and Pakistan--announced new steps to strengthen port security and prevent nuclear smuggling.加拿大同意放棄相當數量的高純度濃縮鈾。智利已放棄其全部庫存。烏克蘭和墨西哥宣布也將這樣做。阿根廷、巴基斯坦及其他一些國家公布了新的措施，以加強港口安全和防止核販運。

More nations--including Argentina, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam--agreed to join, and thus strengthen, the treaties and international partnerships that are at the core of our global efforts.A number of countries-— including Italy, Japan, India and China — will create new centers to promote nuclear security technologies and training.Nations pledged new resources to help the IAEA meet its responsibilities.包括阿根廷、菲律賓、泰國和越南在內的更多國家同意加入，從而加強了作為全球努力核心內容的國際條約和伙伴關系。意大利、日本、印度和中國等許多國家將建立新的中心促進核安全技術和培訓。各國承諾提供新資源幫助國際原子能機構（IAEA)履行其職責。

In a major and welcomed development, Russia announced that it will close its last weapons-grade plutonium production reactor.After many years of effort, I'm pleased that the United States and Russia agreed today to eliminate 68 tons of plutonium for our weapons programs-— plutonium that would have been enough for about 17,000 nuclear weapons.Instead, we will use this material to help generate electricity for our people.一項重大、頗受歡迎的進展是俄羅斯宣布將關閉最后一座武器級钚生產反應堆。經過多年的努力，我很欣慰地看到美國和俄羅斯今天同意銷毀原定用于制造武器的68噸钚——這些材料足以制造17000件核武器。相反，我們將用這些材料來幫助我們的人民發電。

These are exactly the kind of commitments called for in the work plan that we adopted today, so we’ve made real progress in building a safer world.這些正是我們今天通過的工作計劃所要求的承諾，所以我們在建設一個更安全的世界方面取得了切實的進展。

I would also note that the United States has made its own commitments.We are strengthening security at our own nuclear facilities, and will invite the IAEA to review the security at our neutron research center.This reflects our commitment to sharing the best practices that are needed in our global efforts.We’re seeking significant funding increases for programs to prevent nuclear proliferation and trafficking.我還要指出，美國已做出了自己的承諾。我們正在加強我們自己的核設施的安全，并邀請國際原子能機構審查我們的中子研究中心的安全。這表明我們致力于分享全球努力所需要的最佳做法。我們正在尋求為防止核擴散及核販運的項目大量增加資金。

And today, the United States is joining with our Canadian partners and calling on nations to commit $10 billion to extending our highly successful Global Partnership to strengthen nuclear security around the world.今天，美國與其加拿大合作伙伴共同呼吁各國承諾100億美元，為世界范圍內的核安全擴大我們已經非常成功的全球伙伴關系。

So this has been a day of great progress.But as I said this morning, this can’t be a fleeting moment.Securing nuclear materials must be a serious and sustained global effort.We agreed to have our experts meet on a regular basis —-to measure progress, to ensure that we’re meeting our commitments and to plan our next steps.所以今天是一個取得重大進展的日子。但正如我今天上午所說，這不應當是曇花一現的瞬間。確保核材料的安全必須是一個認真和持續的全球性努力。我們同意讓我們的專家定期舉行會議——評估進展情況，確保我們履行我們的承諾，并規劃后續步驟。

And I again want to thank President Lee and the Republic of Korea for agreeing to host the next Nuclear Security Summit in two years.我還要再次感謝李總統和韓國同意兩年后主辦下一屆核安全峰會。

Finally, let me say while this summit is focused on securing nuclear materials, this is part of a larger effort-— the comprehensive agenda that I outlined in Prague last year to pursue the peace and security of a world without nuclear weapons.Indeed, in recent days we’ve made progress on every element of this agenda.最后我希望指出，雖然這次峰會的重點是確保核材料的安全，但這只是在更大范圍內努力的一部分——我去年在布拉格概述的全面議程是在一個沒有核武器的世界里實現和平與安全。事實上，近日來我們已經在這一議程的各個部分取得了進展。

To reduce nuclear arsenals, President Medvedev and I signed the historic new START treaty —-not only committing our two nations to significant reductions in deployed nuclear weapons, but also setting the stage for further cuts and cooperation between our countries.為了減少核庫存，梅德韋杰夫總統和我簽署了歷史性的《削減戰略武器新條約》——不僅要求我們兩國承諾對已部署的核武器進行實質性削減，而且為兩國進一步削減與合作打下基礎。

To move beyond outdated Cold War thinking and to focus on the nuclear dangers of the 21st century, our new Nuclear Posture Review reduces the role and number of nuclear weapons in our national security strategy.And for the first time, preventing nuclear proliferation and nuclear terrorism is at the top of America’s nuclear agenda, which reaffirms the central importance of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.為了擺脫過時的冷戰思維，著眼于21世紀的核危險，我們新的《核態勢評估報告》降低了國家安全戰略中核武器的作用和數量。我們在歷史上第一次把防止核擴散及核恐怖主義置于美國核議程的首位，再度肯定了《不擴散核武器條約》的核心重要性。

And next month in New York, we will join with nations from around the world to strengthen the NPT as the cornerstone of our global efforts to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons even as we pursue greater civil nuclear cooperation.Because for nations that uphold their responsibilities, peaceful nuclear energy can unlock new advances in medicine, in agriculture, and economic development.下月在紐約，我們將聯合世界各國，加強《不擴散核武器條約》，使之成為我們在進一步開展民用核能合作的同時在全球防止核武器擴散的基石。這是因為，對恪守己任的國家來說，和平利用核能可以促進醫學和農業的進步以及經濟的發展。

All of these efforts are connected.Leadership and progress in one area reinforces progress in another.When the United States improves our own nuclear security and transparency, it encourages others to do the same, as we’ve seen today.When the United States fulfills our responsibilities as a nuclear power committed to the NPT, we strengthen our global efforts to ensure that other nations fulfill their responsibilities.所有這些努力都是相互關聯的。一個領域的領導作用和進步會強化另一個領域的進步。正如今天我們看到的情況，當美國提高自己的核安全和透明度，就會鼓勵其他人也這樣做。當美國作為致力于遵守《不擴散核武器條約》的核國家履行自己的義務，就會加強我們確保其他國家盡職盡責的全球努力。

So again, I want to thank my colleagues for making this unprecedented gathering a day of unprecedented progress in confronting one of the greatest threats to our global security.Our work today not only advances the security of the United States, it advances the security of all mankind, and preventing nuclear proliferation and nuclear terrorism will remain one of my highest priorities as President of United States.因此，我要再次感謝我的同事們把這次史無前例的聚會變成我們在應對全球安全最大威脅方面取得前所未有的進展的一天。我們今天的工作不僅增進了美國的安全，還增進了全人類的安全。在我的總統任期內，防止核擴散和核恐怖主義將始終是我的首要任務之一。

第四篇：奧巴馬英文演講

ello, everybody!Thank you.Thank you.Thank you, everybody.All right, everybody go ahead and have a seat.How is everybody doing today?(Applause.)How about Tim Spicer?(Applause.)I am here with students at Wakefield High School in Arlington, Virginia.And we’ve got students tuning in from all across America, from kindergarten through 12th grade.And I am just so glad that all could join us today.And I want to thank Wakefield for being such an outstanding host.Give yourselves a big round of applause.(Applause.)

大家好!謝謝你們。謝謝你們。謝謝你們大家。好，大家請就坐。你們今天都好嗎?(掌聲)蒂姆·斯派塞(Tim Spicer)好嗎?(掌聲)我現在與弗吉尼亞州阿靈頓郡韋克菲爾德高中的學生們在一起。美國各地從小學預備班到中學12年級的學生正在收聽收看。我很高興大家今天都能參與。我還要感謝韋克菲爾德高中出色的組織安排。請為你們自己熱烈鼓掌。(掌聲)

I know that for many of you, today is the first day of school.And for those of you in kindergarten, or starting middle or high school, it’s your first day in a new school, so it’s understandable if you’re a little nervous.I imagine there are some seniors out there who are feeling pretty good right now--(applause)--with just one more year to go.And no matter what grade you’re in, some of you are probably wishing it were still summer and you could’ve stayed in bed just a little bit longer this morning.我知道，今天是你們很多人開學的日子。對于進入小學預備班、初中或高中的學生，今天是你們來到新學校的第一天，心里可能有點緊張，這是可以理解的。我能想象有些畢業班學生現在感覺很不錯——(掌聲)——還有一年就畢業了。不論在哪個年級，你們有些人可能希望暑假更長一點，今天早上還能多睡一小會兒。

I know that feeling.When I was young, my family lived overseas.I lived in Indonesia for a few years.And my mother, she didn’t have the money to send me where all the American kids went to school, but she thought it was important for me to keep up with an American education.So she decided to teach me extra lessons herself, Monday through Friday.But because she had to go to work, the only time she could do it was at 4:30 in the morning.我了解這種感覺。我小時候，我們家生活在海外。我在印度尼西亞住了幾年。我媽媽沒有錢送我上其他美國孩子上的學校，但她認為必須讓我接受美式教育。因此，她決定從周一到周五自己給我補課。不過她還要上班，所以只能在清晨四點半給我上課。

Now, as you might imagine, I wasn’t too happy about getting up that early.And a lot of times, I’d fall asleep right there at the kitchen table.But whenever I’d complain, my mother would just give me one of those looks and she’d say, “This is no picnic for me either, buster.”(Laughter.)

你們可以想見，我不太情愿那么早起床。有很多次，我趴在餐桌上就睡著了。但每當我抱怨的時候，我媽媽都會那樣地看我一眼，然后說：“小子，這對我也并不輕松?！?笑聲)

So I know that some of you are still adjusting to being back at school.But I’m here today because I have something important to discuss with you.I’m here because I want to talk with you about your education and what’s expected of all of you in this new school year.我知道你們有些人還在適應開學后的生活。但我今天來到這里是因為有重要的事情要和你們說。我來這里是要和你們談談你們的教育問題，以及在這個新學年對你們所有人的期望。

Now, I’ve given a lot of speeches about education.And I’ve talked about responsibility a lot.我做過很多次有關教育問題的演講。我多次談到過責任問題。

I’ve talked about teachers’ responsibility for inspiring students and pushing you to learn.我談到過教師激勵學生并督促他們學習的責任。

I’ve talked about your parents’ responsibility for making sure you stay on track, and you get your homework done, and don’t spend every waking hour in front of the TV or with the Xbox.我談到過家長的責任，要確保你們走正路，完成家庭作業，不要整天坐在電視前或玩Xbox游戲。

I’ve talked a lot about your government’s responsibility for setting high standards, and supporting teachers and principals, and turning around schools that aren’t working, where students aren’t getting the opportunities that they deserve.我多次談到過政府的責任，要制定高標準，支持教師和校長的工作，徹底改善不能為學生提供應有機會的、教育質量差的學校。

第五篇：奧巴馬英文演講稿

奧巴馬英文演講稿：簽署金融改革法案

THE PRESIDENT: Well, good morning, everyone.AUDIENCE: Good morning.THE PRESIDENT: We are gathered in the heart of our nation’s capital, surrounded by memorials to leaders and citizens who served our nation in its earliest days and in its days of greatest trial.Today is such a time for America.Over the past two years, we have faced the worst recession since the Great Depression.Eight million people lost their jobs.Tens of millions saw the value of their homes and retirement savings plummet.Countless businesses have been unable to get the loans they need and many have been forced to shut their doors.And although the economy is growing again, too many people are still feeling the pain of the downturn.Now, while a number of factors led to such a severe recession, the primary cause was a breakdown in our financial system.It was a crisis born of a failure of responsibility from certain corners of Wall Street to the halls of power in Washington.For years, our financial sector was governed by antiquated and poorly enforced rules that allowed some to game the system and take risks that endangered the entire economy.Unscrupulous lenders locked consumers into complex loans with hidden costs.Firms like AIG placed massive, risky bets with borrowed money.And while the rules left abuse and excess unchecked, they also left taxpayers on the hook if a big bank or financial institution ever failed.Now, even before the crisis hit, I went to Wall Street and I called for common-sense reforms to protect consumers and our economy as a whole.And soon after taking office, I proposed a set of reforms to empower consumers and investors, to bring the shadowy deals that caused this crisis into the light of day, and to put a stop to taxpayer bailouts once and for all.(Applause.)Today, thanks to a lot of people in this room, those reforms will become the law of the land.For the last year, Chairmen Barney Frank and Chris Dodd have worked day and night--(applause)--Barney and Chris have worked day and night to bring about this reform.And I am profoundly grateful to them.I would be remiss if I didn't also express my appreciation to Senator Harry Reid and Speaker Nancy Pelosi for their leadership.It wouldn’t have happened without them.(Applause.)Passing this bill was no easy task.To get there, we had to overcome the furious lobbying of an array of powerful interest groups and a partisan minority determined to block change.So the members who are here today, both on the stage and in the audience, they have done a great service in devoting so much time and expertise to this effort, to looking out for the public interests and not the special interests.(Applause.)And I also want to thank the three Republican senators who put partisanship aside--(applause)--judged this bill on the merits, and voted for reform.We’re grateful to them.(Applause.)And the Republican House members.(Applause.)Good to see you, Joe.(Applause.)Now, let’s put this in perspective.The fact is, the financial industry is central to our nation’s ability to grow, to prosper, to compete and to innovate.There are a lot of banks that understand and fulfill this vital role, and there are a whole lot of bankers who want to do right--and do right--by their customers.This reform will help foster innovation, not hamper it.It is designed to make sure that everybody follows the same set of rules, so that firms compete on price and quality, not on tricks and not on traps.It demands accountability and responsibility from everyone.It provides certainty to everybody, from bankers to farmers to business owners to consumers.And unless your business model depends on cutting corners or bilking your customers, you’ve got nothing to fear from reform.(Applause.)Now, for all those Americans who are wondering what Wall Street reform means for you, here’s what you can expect.If you’ve ever applied for a credit card, a student loan, or a mortgage, you know the feeling of signing your name to pages of barely understandable fine print.What often happens as a result is that many Americans are caught by hidden fees and penalties, or saddled with loans they can’t afford.That’s what happened to Robin Fox, hit with a massive rate increase on her credit card balance even though she paid her bills on time.That’s what happened to Andrew Giordano, who discovered hundreds of dollars in overdraft fees on his bank statement –-fees he had no idea he might face.Both are here today.Well, with this law, unfair rate hikes, like the one that hit Robin, will end for good.(Applause.)And we’ll ensure that people like Andrew aren’t unwittingly caught by overdraft fees when they sign up for a checking account.(Applause.)With this law, we’ll crack down on abusive practices in the mortgage industry.We’ll make sure that contracts are simpler-– putting an end to many hidden penalties and fees in complex mortgages-– so folks know what they’re signing.With this law, students who take out college loans will be provided clear and concise information about their obligations.And with this law, ordinary investors-– like seniors and folks saving for retirement –-will be able to receive more information about the costs and risks of mutual funds and other investment products, so that they can make better financial decisions as to what will work for them.So, all told, these reforms represent the strongest consumer financial protections in history.(Applause.)In history.And these protections will be enforced by a new consumer watchdog with just one job: looking out for people-– not big banks, not lenders, not investment houses-– looking out for people as they interact with the financial system.And that’s not just good for consumers;that’s good for the economy.Because reform will put a stop to a lot of the bad loans that fueled a debt-based bubble.And it will mean all companies will have to seek customers by offering better products, instead of more deceptive ones.Now, beyond the consumer protections I’ve outlined, reform will also rein in the abuse and excess that nearly brought down our financial system.It will finally bring transparency to the kinds of complex and risky transactions that helped trigger the financial crisis.Shareholders will also have a greater say on the pay of CEOs and other executives, so they can reward success instead of failure.And finally, because of this law, the American people will never again be asked to foot the bill for Wall Street’s mistakes.(Applause.)There will be no more tax-funded bailouts--period.(Applause.)If a large financial institution should ever fail, this reform gives us the ability to wind it down without endangering the broader economy.And there will be new rules to make clear that no firm is somehow protected because it is “too big to fail,” so we don’t have another AIG.That's what this reform will mean.Now, it doesn’t mean our work is over.For these new rules to be effective, regulators will have to be vigilant.We may need to make adjustments along the way as our financial system adapts to these new changes and changes around the globe.No law can force anybody to be responsible;it’s still incumbent on those on Wall Street to heed the lessons of this crisis in terms of how they conduct their businesses.The fact is every American-– from Main Street to Wall Street –-has a stake in our financial system.Wall Street banks and firms invest the capital that makes it possible for start-ups to sell new products.They provide loans to businesses to expand and to hire.They back mortgages for families purchasing a new home.That’s why we’ll all stand to gain from these reforms.We all win when investors around the world have confidence in our markets.We all win when shareholders have more power and more information.We all win when consumers are protected against abuse.And we all win when folks are rewarded based on how well they perform, not how well they evade accountability.In the end, our financial system only works –-our market is only free –-when there are clear rules and basic safeguards that prevent abuse, that check excess, that ensure that it is more profitable to play by the rules than to game the system.And that’s what these reforms are designed to achieve--no more, no less.Because that’s how we will ensure that our economy works for consumers, that it works for investors, that it works for financial institutions-– that it works for all of us.This is the central lesson not only of this crisis but of our history.Ultimately, there’s no dividing line between Main Street and Wall Street.We rise or fall together as one nation.So these reforms will help lift our economy and lead all of us to a stronger, more prosperous future.And that’s why I’m so honored to sign these reforms into law, and I’m so grateful to everybody who worked so hard to make this day possible.Thank you very much, everybody.(Applause.)(The bill is signed.)(Applause.)【相關中文報道】

美國當地時間21日，美國金融監管進入新的時代。美國總統奧巴馬正式簽署了金融監管改革法案。在過去的一年多的時間里，奧巴馬沖破重重阻力，終于使得這項蓋著奧巴馬烙印的金改法案在國會通過，成為法律。

這份金融改革法案全稱《2010年華爾街改革和消費者保護法》，簡稱《多德—弗蘭克法案》，被認為是20世紀30年代以來美國改革力度最大、影響最深遠的金融監管改革。

改革后，將對美國最大型銀行征收新的費用，并對其業務活動加以限制；對總額450萬億美元的衍生品市場實施新的限制；并將針對抵押貸款和信用卡產品建立一家新的個人消費者保護機構。

奧巴馬在這項立法的簽署儀式上表示：“金融改革不光對個人消費者來說是件好事，對美國經濟來說也同樣是件好事。通過這項法案不是一項容易的任務；為了實現這一目標，我們不得不克服了一系列強有力的利益團體猛烈的游說活動，以及決心阻礙改革的少數黨派人士的反對意見。”

這項法案的獲批使得奧巴馬在控制華爾街金融公司的問題上取得了重大的勝利。（本段文字來源：經濟觀察網）奧巴馬英文演講稿：簽署金融改革法案

With this law, we’ll crack down on abusive（辱罵的，濫用的）practices in the mortgage industry.We’ll make sure that contracts are simpler-– putting an end to many hidden penalties and fees in complex mortgages-– so folks know what they’re signing.With this law, students who take out college loans will be provided clear and concise information about their obligations.And with this law, ordinary investors-– like seniors and folks saving for retirement –-will be able to receive more information about the costs and risks of mutual funds and other investment products, so that they can make better financial decisions as to what will work for them.So, all told, these reforms represent the strongest consumer financial protections in history.(Applause.)In history.And these protections will be enforced by a new consumer watchdog with just one job: looking out for people-– not big banks, not lenders, not investment houses-– looking out for people as they interact with the financial system.And that’s not just good for consumers;that’s good for the economy.Because reform will put a stop to a lot of the bad loans that fueled a debt-based bubble.And it will mean all companies will have to seek customers by offering better products, instead of more deceptive（欺詐的，迷惑的）ones.Now, beyond the consumer protections I’ve outlined, reform will also rein in the abuse and excess that nearly brought down our financial system.It will finally bring transparency to the kinds of complex and risky transactions that helped trigger the financial crisis.Shareholders will also have a greater say on the pay of CEOs and other executives, so they can reward success instead of failure.And finally, because of this law, the American people will never again be asked to foot the bill（負擔費用）for Wall Street’s mistakes.(Applause.)There will be no more tax-funded bailouts--period.(Applause.)If a large financial institution should ever fail, this reform gives us the ability to wind it down without endangering the broader economy.And there will be new rules to make clear that no firm is somehow protected because it is “too big to fail,” so we don’t have another AIG.That's what this reform will mean.Now, it doesn’t mean our work is over.For these new rules to be effective, regulators will have to be vigilant（警惕的，注意的）.We may need to make adjustments along the way as our financial system adapts to these new changes and changes around the globe.No law can force anybody to be responsible;it’s still incumbent on those on Wall Street to heed the lessons of this crisis in terms of how they conduct their businesses.The fact is every American-– from Main Street to Wall Street –-has a stake in our financial system.Wall Street banks and firms invest the capital that makes it possible for start-ups to sell new products.They provide loans to businesses to expand and to hire.They back mortgages for families purchasing a new home.That’s why we’ll all stand to gain from these reforms.We all win when investors around the world have confidence in our markets.We all win when shareholders have more power and more information.We all win when consumers are protected against abuse.And we all win when folks are rewarded based on how well they perform, not how well they evade（逃避）accountability.In the end, our financial system only works –-our market is only free –-when there are clear rules and basic safeguards that prevent abuse, that check excess, that ensure that it is more profitable to play by the rules than to game the system.And that’s what these reforms are designed to achieve--no more, no less.Because that’s how we will ensure that our economy works for consumers, that it works for investors, that it works for financial institutions-– that it works for all of us.This is the central lesson not only of this crisis but of our history.Ultimately, there’s no dividing line between Main Street and Wall Street.We rise or fall together as one nation.So these reforms will help lift our economy and lead all of us to a stronger, more prosperous future.And that’s why I’m so honored to sign these reforms into law, and I’m so grateful to everybody who worked so hard to make this day possible.Thank you very much, everybody.(Applause.)(The bill is signed.)(Applause.)END 11:48 A.M.EDT

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