第一篇：英語自我總結語法匯總

★希望做某事hope to do sth.★決定做某事decide to do sth

★同意做某事agree to do sth.★需要某人做某事need to do sth.★使用某物做某事use sth to do sth

★準備做某事get/be ready to do

★ 計劃做某事plan to do sth.★希望某人做某事wish sb.to do sth.★輪流做某事take one’s turns to do sth.★拒絕做某事refuse to do sth.★告訴某人做某事tell sb.to do sth.★請某人做某事ask sb.to do sth.★想要某人做某事want /would like sb.to do sth.★不得不have to do

★同意某人做某事agree sb.to do sth.★教某人做某事teach sb.to do sth.★喜歡/想要某人做某事 like sb.to do sth.★encourage sb to do鼓勵某人做

★幫助某人做某事help sb.to do sth/help sb.do ★It’s one’s turn to do sth.輪到某人做某事

例:It your turn to clean the blackboard.★It’s time(for sb.)to do sth.是某人做某事時候了

例:It’s time for me to go home.★It’s +adj.for/of sb.to do sth.對于某人來說做某事是……

例: It is easy for me to learn it well.It is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so.★It takes sb.sometime to do sth.某人做某事花了某時間

例句: 1.It takes me an hour to get to school by bike.2.It took me an hour to watch TV last night.3.It will tak ★too+adj./adv.to do sth.太…..而不能

例: He was to angry to say a word.★find/think/feel it +adj.to do sth.發現/認為/感到做某事是… I find/think/feel it hard to learn English well.★序數詞+to do 第…..個做某事 例句:Who is the first to get there? ★我不知/忘記了怎么辦。I didn't know/forgot what to do.★離開房間時不要忘記/記住關燈

例句:Don’t forget/Remember to turn off the lights when you left the room ★be+adj+to do sth

例句:I am very sorry to hear that.I am ready to help others.I am happy / pleased / glad to meet you.順口溜：本領最多不定式，主表定補賓和狀；樣樣成分都能干，只有謂語它不敢；大家千萬要小心，有時它把句型改；作主語時用it，自己在后把身藏；七個感官三使役，賓補要把to甩開；疑問詞后接上它，賓語從句可充當；邏輯主語不定式，不定式前加for sb.；to前not是否定，各種用法區別開。

e her two weeks to finish the work.以下是不帶to的動詞不定式(即動詞原形)的常見用法

★

am let sb.do sth讓某人做某事

★ make do sth使得某人做某事

★ hear do sth do sth聽見某人做某事

★see do sth do sth看見某人做某事

★why not/why don’t you +動原？為什么不.?Why not/Why don’t you take a walk? ★ 某人+had better(not)do 某人最好(不)做某事

★情態動詞can/may /must /should+ 動詞原（包括情態動詞的否定形式+動詞原形）

★

助動詞do/does/did/will/would在構成疑問句或者構成否定句即don’t /doesn’t /didn’t /will not /would not+ 動詞原形 ★ be going to + 動詞原形（表示“即將”“打算” 做某事）使用-ing分詞的幾種情況

1.在進行時態中。He is watching TV.They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.2.在there be結構中。如：There is a boy swimming in the river.3.在have fun/problems結構

4.在介詞后面。如：Thanks for helping me.Are you good at playing basketball？

What /How about doing sth? 做某事怎么樣?

I interested in playing football.5.在以下結構中

1.enjoy doing sth

喜歡做某事；

2.finish doing sth；

完成做某事；

3.feel like doing sth

想要做某事；

4.stop doing sth 停止做某事（原來的事）

5.forget doing sth

忘記做過某事

6.go on doing sth

繼續做某事（原來的事）；7.remember doing sth

記得做過某事

8.like doing sth

喜歡做某事；

9.find /see/hear/watch sb doing發現/看到/聽到/觀看某人做

10.try doing sth

試圖做某事；

11.need doing sth

需要做某事；

12.prefer doing sth 寧愿做某事；

13.mind doing sth 介意做某事；

14.miss doing sth 錯過做某事；

15.practice doing sth

練習做某事；

16.be busy doing sth

忙于做某事；17.can't help doing sth

禁不住做某事；

中。如：We have fun learning English this term.They had problems g 18.waste time/money doing

浪費時間/錢做;19.keep sb.doing 讓…始終/一直做…

20.stop sb.(from)doing

阻止某人做某事 21.prefer doing A to doing B=like A better than B喜歡做B更喜歡做A 22.“do some +doing”短語

如：do some shopping/do some washing/do some reading/do some practicing/do some cleaning/do some speaking 23．“go doing”短語去做某事（主要指文娛活動等）如：go shopping/go fishing/go swimming/go hiking/go skating/go camping/go skiing（滑雪/go boating / etting to the top of the mountain.

第二篇：高中語法目錄——自我總結

高中語法目錄——自我總結

1.詞類

（1）冠詞

（2）名詞

? 所有格

? 單復數

? 抽象名詞和物質名

詞

（3）形容詞

? 比較級

? 最高級

（4）副詞

（5）代詞

? 人稱代詞

? 物主代詞

? 不定代詞

? 指示代詞

（6）介詞

（7）動詞

? 助動詞

? 實義動詞

? 系動詞

? 情態動詞

? 使役動詞

? 感官動詞

（8）連詞

（9）數詞

（10）感嘆詞

2.時態

（1）一般現在時

（2）現在進行時

（3）一般將來時

（4）一般過去時

（5）現在完成時

（6）過去完成時

（7）過去將來時

（8）過去進行時

（9）將來進行時

（10）將來完成時

（11）現在完成進行時

（12）過去完成進行時

（13）將來完成進行時

3.語態

（1）被動語態

（2）主動表被動

4.句子

（1）五種簡單句。

（2）從句的概念。（3）狀語從句。（2）歸類分析。? 時間狀語從句。11.作文 ? 地點狀語從句。（1）英語作文分類。? 條件狀語從句。（2）作文結構。? 目的狀語從句。（3）常用句式。? 方式狀語從句。12.英語學習方法 ? 結果狀語從句。（1）學習內容。? 原因狀語從句。（2）時間安排。? 讓步狀語從句。（3）進度考核。（4）定語從句。（5）名詞性從句。? 賓語從句。? 主語從句。? 表語從句。? 同位語從句。（6）反義疑問句。（7）感嘆句。（8）祈使句。5.非謂語動詞（1）動名詞。（2）不定式。（3）過去分詞。（4）With復合結構。（5）獨立主格結構。6.主謂一致（1）語法一致。（2）鄰近一致。（3）意義一致。7.倒裝結構（1）部分倒裝。（2）全部倒裝。8.虛擬語氣（1）if虛擬條件句（2）名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣。（3）狀語從句中的虛擬語氣。9.高考題型分析（1）語音。（2）聽力。（3）單選。（4）完型。（5）閱讀理解。（6）單詞填空。（7）情景對話。（8）改錯。（9）作文。10.閱讀技巧（1）出題規律。

第三篇：英語知識點與語法總結

英語知識點與語法總結 必修1 核心單詞 1.add vt.& vi.增加；加；加起來；補充說； 又說 常用結構：

add to增添；增加；增進

add...to...把……增添到…… add up合計，相加

add up to總數為；總計為

He added some wood to increase the fire.他添了一些木柴，使火更旺些。

If you add 4 to 3 you get 7.四加三得七。Unit 1 Friendship Page No.11 Page No.12 ①解析：選C。考查動詞辨析。句意為：我要說的就是這些，約翰你還有什么要補充的嗎？ ②解析：選D。add to的意思是―添加到‖。2.upset adj.心煩意亂的；不安的；不適的

vt.(upset, upset)使不安；使心煩；打翻；打亂 聯想拓展

be upset by...被…… 打亂

upset oneself about sth.為某事煩惱

Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit.她一來把我們周末的安排給打亂了。

Don‘t upset yourself — no harm has been done.不要難過——并沒有造成任何傷害。He was horribly upset over her illness.他為她的病而憂心忡忡。

The students really upset her.學生們著實讓她煩惱。

高手過招

用upset的適當形式填空（原創）①The food

my stomach.②She felt rather

on hearing the news.③Is it an

message? ④Don‘t be

.It will be OK.①upset ②upset ③upsetting ④upset 3.ignore vt.不理睬；忽視

I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely.我向她打招呼，可是她根本不理我。He ignored the speed limit and drove very fast.他不顧時速限制，把車開得飛快。聯想拓展

ignorant adj.(對某事物）不了解的；無知的；無學識的 be ignorant of/about sth.不知道；沒有意識到 ignorance n.無知；愚昧；不知道

be in ignorance of/about sth.不知道某事

易混辨析

ignore/neglect/overlook ignore 通常指有意不顧，或不理會顯而易見的事物。neglect 側重指有意的忽略或忽視，也可指粗心與疏忽。overlook指因匆忙而疏忽或視而不見。高手過招

（1）用ignore/neglect/overlook的適當形式填空（原創）①We could not afford to

such a serious offence.②He utterly

my warnings and met with an accident.③Don‘t

to pay him a visit now and then.(1)①overlook ②ignored ③neglect（2）單項填空

—So you didn‘t say hello to him last night?

—Well, I stopped and smiled when I saw him, but he

me and walked on.模）

A.Ignored

B.refused

C.denied

D.missed Page No.15(2)解析：選A。答句句意為：我看到他就停下來沖他微笑，但是 他沒理我就走了。ignore不理睬，忽視；refuse拒絕；deny否認，拒絕給予；miss懷念，錯過。4.concern n.［U］關心，擔心，擔憂；［C］有利害關系的事

vt.涉及，關系到，參與；使擔心 聯想拓展

concerning

prep.關于

concerned

adj.有關的；擔心的 concern sb.與某人有關

be concerned with sth.牽涉，與……有關；參與 concern oneself with 關心

be concerned about/for/over sth.擔心；關心某事

as/so far as...be concerned關于；至于；就……而言 As far as I am concerned, you can go wherever you want.就我而言，你什么時候走都行。

We read stories concerning visitors from outer space.我們讀了關于天外來客的故事。

I was very concerned about my mother‘s illness.我很擔心母親的病情。

2010·杭州一（高手過招

（1）單項填空

The meeting was concerned

reforms and everyone present was concerned

their own interests.（2010·福建廈門雙十中學檢測）

A.with;for B.for;which C.for;about

D.about;with（2）用concern的適當形式填空（原創）①There is an article that

the rise of the prices.②The children are rather

about their mother‘s health.③Officials should

themselves

public affairs.(1)解析：選A。句意為：這次會議牽涉到改革，在場的每個人都很擔心自己的利益。be concerned with 牽涉到,和……有關；be concerned for/about

擔心；關心。(2)①concerns ②concerned ③concern；with 5.settle vi.安家；定居；停留 vt.使定居；安排；解決

Both wanted to settle their scores.雙方都愿意盡棄前嫌。常用結構：

settle down 鎮定下來 settle in 在……定居

He settled his child in a corner of the compartment.他把孩子安頓在車廂的一個角落里。The family has settled in Canada.這家人已定居加拿大。Page No.18 高手過招 單項填空 ①—Do you know anyone in Paris? —No.I‘ll make friends once.（2010·福建廈門六中檢測）A.I‘m settled

B.I have settled C.I‘ll be settled

D.I‘m settling ②The brake of your bicycle has come loose.You‘d better it.（2010·陜西西安交大附中）A.settle

B.fix C.pick

D.correct ①解析：選A。settle作―安家‖講時，既可用settle，也可用be settled。本題是由once(一旦)引起的時間狀語從句，故用一般現在時表將來。②解析：選B。由句意可知，因為自行車的車閘壞了，因此要―修理‖。Page No.19 6.suffer vt.遭受；忍受；蒙受

vi.后接from/for意為―受……之苦‖，―患……疾病‖ 常用結構：

suffer an attack/a defeat/losses/pains 遭受打擊/失敗/損失/痛苦 He suffered hard pains from the accident.他忍受著事故帶來的痛苦。

Do you suffer from headaches? 你經常頭痛嗎?

She‘s suffering from loss of memory.她患有遺忘癥。聯想拓展

sufferer n.受苦者，受難者 suffering n.痛苦，苦難

Page No.20 高手過招

（1）單項填空

In the countryside there are many dropouts(輟學者).I think the poor economic conditions.（2010·浙江嘉興一輪檢測）

A.lies in

B.result in C.leads to

D.suffers from（2）翻譯句子

我們在金融危機中損失慘重。

(1)解析：選A。考查短語辨析。lie in在這里相當于because of。(2)We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.Page No.21 重點短語 7.go through 經歷；經受；檢查；瀏覽；用完；做完 The country has gone through too many wars.這個國家經歷了太多的戰爭。

She‘s gone through a bad patch recently.她最近經歷了一段困難時期。

Have you gone through all your money already? 你把所有的錢都花完了嗎？

I went through the students‘ papers last night.昨晚我仔細閱讀了學生的試卷。聯想拓展

go after追求；追趕

go ahead 前進；請說（做）吧 go by走過；（時間）過去 go along with向前；（與......)一起去 go in for愛好；從事 Page No.22 go out 外出；（燈，火）熄滅 go over 越過；復習

go through with 做完；完成go up 爬上；（價格等）上升 高手過招 單項填空 ①We‘d better try to

with the experiment, I think.Now let‘s

the difficulty

with it.（2010·河南許昌一模）

A.go through;go on

B.go on;go over C.go over;go through

D.go on;go through ②If a person has taken too much medicine by mistake, you should make the person

.（2010·平頂山一中月考）

A.go up

B.rise up C.throw up

D.set up Page No.23 ①解析：選A。go through with sth.意思是―做完，完成‖；go on with 意思是―繼續‖。②解析：選C。throw up的意思是―嘔吐；吐出‖。8.get sth.done 讓別人做某事/使得某事被做

done是過去分詞作賓語補足語，與have sth.done句型的用法一樣。get sb./sth.doing使某人/某事物……起來 get sb.to do sth.使/讓某人做某事

get done（狀態的改變）get作系動詞，相當于be get away逃脫；離開 get back回來；取回 get by維持生活；通過

get down to sth./doing sth.開始認真做某事 get in進站；到達；收集 get off下來；下車

get on上車；進展；進步 Page No.24 get cross(對……)生氣，發脾氣 get in one‘s way擋路，妨礙 get used to doing sth.習慣做某事 get involved in涉及

get in touch with和……取得聯系 get it了解，懂得，明白 高手過招

（1）單項填空

The final examination is coming up soon.It‘s time for us to

our studies.焦作一中月考）

A.get down to

B.get out C.get back for

D.get over（2）完成句子（原創）①講解后，老師讓我們思考起問題來。

Shortly after the explanation the teacher got us

.Page No.25 ②我們將很快為你訂制一套新衣服。

We will get a new suit

for you.③她試圖使他說話。

She tried to get him

.2010·河南（(1)解析：選A。該題根據交際情景考查短語動詞的用法。根據題意，此處指開始認真學習，故選A。get down to開始認真考慮，符合題意。get out出去，離開，逃脫，泄露；get back for回來，恢復；get over爬過；克服，熬過；恢復，原諒。故B、C、D三項均不符合題意。(2)①thinking ②made ③to talk 9.set down 放下；記下；登記

Passengers may be set down and picked up only at the official stops.乘客只有在正式車站方可上下車。Page No.26 聯想拓展

set about(doing sth.)著手（做某事）set out(to do sth.)開始，著手(做某事)set aside留出；不顧

set back（把鐘等）往回撥；推遲 set free釋放；解放

set off動身，出發（去某地）；使爆炸 set out動身，出發；安排，組織 set up開辦；建立；設立 set an example to樹立榜樣

set fire to...= set...on fire縱火燒 be set in以……為背景

The bad weather set back the building programme by several weeks.由于天氣惡劣，建筑計劃延誤了好幾個星期。We need to set about finding a solution.我們得著手尋找一個解決辦法。Page No.27 溫馨提示

set about 和set out都可作―開始/著手做某事‖講，但set about 后加doing sth.，加 to do sth.。

高手過招 單項填空

As soon as he got to the office, he the students‘ papers.（2010·山東濟南一中月考）A.got down to correct B.got down to correcting C.set down to correcting D.sit down to correcting

解析：選B。get down to意思是―著手做某事‖，其中to是介詞，后跟名詞或動名詞。

Page No.28 10.on purpose 故意

The boy broke Jack‘s window on purpose.He wanted to frighten Jack.那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想嚇一下杰克。

而set out后 聯想拓展

purpose n.目的，用途；目標；重要意義 for the purpose of 為了……

to little/no purpose 作用不大/徒勞

The purpose of the book is to provide a complete guide to the university.這本書的目的是全面介紹這所大學。高手過招

用purpose的適當形式或短語填空（原創）①He didn‘t do it

.②What was your

? ①on purpose ②purpose Page No.29 11.join in 參加；加入

They didn‘t have enough time to join in the activity.他們沒有足夠的時間來參加這個活動。聯想拓展

join sb.in sth.與某人一起做某事 join up入伍；參軍

join up with sb.與某人聯合；會合

join hands with sb.與某人拉起手來；合伙；聯合

Will you join me in a walk? 你愿意和我一起散步嗎？ Let us join hands in friendship.讓我們攜手共建友誼吧。Page No.30 易混辨析

join in/join/take part in/attend join in 參加正在進行著的活動。如游戲、討論、辯論、談話等。join ①參加某組織或團體，并成為其中一員;②來和某人待在一起。

take part in 參加會議或有組織的群眾性活動，并在其中發揮一定的作用。

attend 正式用語，指參加會議、儀式、婚禮、葬禮、上課、上學、聽報告等，句子的主語是去聽去看，自己不一定起積極作用，相當于be present。高手過招

用join/join in/take part in/attend的適當形式填空（原創）①I decided to

the club to have dance training.②Would you like me

to the game? ③I

a meeting last month.④I will have to

his funeral next week.①join ②join in ③took part in/attended ④attend Page No.31 重點句型

12....but your friend can‘t go until he/she finishes cleaning his/her bicycle.……但是你的朋友不把自行車弄干凈不能走。

not...until 意為―直到……才‖，表示主句謂語的動作直到until狀語的時間才發生，主句的謂語動詞表示的是動作的開始。until引導從句時，如果主句中的謂語動詞是延續性動作，則主句用肯定式；如果主句中的謂語動詞是短暫性動詞，則用否定形式。

―It is/was not until+被強調的部分+that...‖相當于―Not until...did(does, do, is...)+主語...‖意為―直到……才‖，是強調形式。

You must stay in bed until your temperature is normal.體溫正常后，你才能起床。

He didn‘t leave until the meeting was over.直到會議結束他才離開。Page No.32 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a film star.=Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a film star.=I didn‘t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.直到她摘下墨鏡我才認出她是一位電影明星。高手過招 單項填空 ①Not until

，settle the problem.（2010·濰坊一輪驗收）A.he returns;can we

B.he returns;we can

C.does he returns;we can

D.does he return;we can ②It was

back home after the experiment.A.not until midnight did he go B.until midnight that he didn‘t go C.not until midnight that he went D.until midnight when he didn‘t go Page No.33 ①解析：選A。當not until位于句首時句子需倒裝。句意為：直到他回來我們才能解決這個問題。②解析：選C。強調句型It is/was...that對not until...進行強調時，需把not until...放到強調結構中，故選C。

13.While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.遛狗的時候，你太大意了，一松手，狗就被車撞了。

while walking the dog是連詞while加現在分詞短語結構，強調分詞的動作正在發生，相當于while you were walking the dog。

在時間、條件、讓步、方式等狀語從句中，如果從句的主語與主句的主語一致，謂語含有系動詞be，可以省略從句的主語和系動詞be。

When crossing the street, you should be careful.過馬路時，你應當小心。

If heated, water can be turned into vapour.如果受熱，水會變成蒸氣。Page No.34 溫馨提示

在狀語從句中，如果從句的主語為it時，也可以將it和助動詞be省略。

Whenever possible they would stop him and ask the three questions.可能的話，他們就讓他停下問他這三個問題。高手過招 單項填空 ①

with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.（2010·山東萊州檢測）

A.Compares

B.When comparing C.Comparing

D.When compared ②

the two systems, little man found the latter advantageous.(原創)A.Compare

B.When compared C.Compared

D.When comparing Page No.35 ①解析：選D。考查狀語從句的省略用法。在狀語從句中，如果從句的主語與主句的主語相同或者主語為it時，可以將從句中的主語或者it和助動詞be省略。本句是將狀語從句―When it is compared with the size of the whole earth‖中的it is省略，因此正確答案為D。②解析：選D。考點省略。在狀語從句中，當從句中的主語與主句的主語一致，且從句中含有be動詞時，通常采用省略形式。句中的little man與compare之間存在邏輯上的主謂關系，故選D。

14.I wonder if it‘s because I haven‘t been able to be outdoors for so long that I‘ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道這是不是因為我長久無法出門的緣故，我變得對一切與大自然有關的事物都無比狂熱。

此句中的it‘s...that是強調句型。關于強調句型，我們需要掌握以下幾點： Page No.36（1）強調句型的基本結構：

―It is/was+被強調的成分+that/who+其他成分‖用來強調主語、賓語和狀語等成分。that只起連接作用，不作成分，但不能省略。當被強調部分為sb.作賓語時，可用who,也可用that,其他情況一律用that。強調主語時，that后的謂語動詞必須與被強調的主語在人稱與數上保持一致。

（2）特殊句式中的強調句型： ①如果強調的是特殊疑問句中的疑問詞，表示―到底‖、―究竟‖等語氣時，就用如下結構： ―特殊疑問詞+is/was+it+that/who+該句的其余部分‖，that/who后只能使用陳述語序。②在―not...until‖結構中，由until所引導的短語（或從句）作時間狀語時，要用固定的強調句型：―It+is/was+not until...+that+該句的其余部分‖，that所引導的從句中的謂語動詞用肯定式。

Page No.37（3）強調句型要注意和it代表時間、距離、溫度、自然現象、具體事物或人物等時所構成的各種句型的區別。判斷是否是強調句，可采用―還原法‖。如果還原為一般句式后，句子各種成分完整，則是強調句，否則不是。It was three o‘clock when I got home.我到家的時候三點。

It was at three o‘clock that I got home.三點鐘我到的家。

It was in his town that he was brought up.他是在鎮上被養大的。（強調句）

It was this town where/in which he was brought up.這是他被撫養長大的城鎮。（定語從句）

（4）英語中常用助動詞do, does或did強調謂語。He did go to the airport yesterday, but he didn‘t find you.他昨天確實去了機場，但他沒有找到你。Page No.38 It is I that/who am going for a holiday with Mary.是我跟瑪麗一塊兒去度假。

When is it that we will have a meeting? 我們什么時候開會？ 高手過招 單項填空

It is in that poor village，Mary lived and worked 15 years ago，she will build her first school, which inspires everyone to help her.（原創）A.where;when

B.that;that C.that;when

D.where;that 解析：選D。句意為：就是在那個她生活和工作了15年的貧窮的村莊，瑪麗將要建起她的第一座學校，這一點鼓舞了人們來幫她。第一空為where引導的非限制性定語從句，第二空填that,構成強調句型，強調地點狀語。

Page No.39 15.I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do...我不愿像大多數人那樣在日記中記流水賬……

as引導的從句為比較狀語從句，意為―像大多數人那么做‖。as 用作連詞，可引導下列狀語從句： ①引導時間狀語從句，強調主句謂語與從句謂語的同時性； ②引導讓步狀語從句，表示―盡管，雖然，即使‖（從句需倒裝）； ③引導方式狀語從句，表示―以……方式‖； ④引導原因狀語從句(=since;because)，意為―由于，因為‖； ⑤引導比較狀語從句。

As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.隨著他年紀越來越大，他失去了對所有事物的興趣，除了園藝。Cold as it is, my brother wears only a shirt.盡管天氣冷，我哥哥只穿了一件襯衫。Page No.40 Why didn't you take the medicine as I told you to? 為什么你沒有按我說的來服這種藥？ As you were not there, I left a message.因為當時你不在那，所以我給你留了便條。She is as tall as you.她和你一樣高。高手過招 單項填空 ①

as he is, he speaks English well.（2010·山西太原一中月考）A.Little child

B.A little child C.The little child

D.Child little ②In some countries，are called ―public schools‖ are not owned by the public.（2010·11·江西新余一中質量檢測）

A.which

B.as

C.what

D.that Page No.41 ①解析：選B。在讓步狀語從句中，作表語的名詞如果提前，該名詞常省去冠詞，但若名詞前有修飾語時，就不省略冠詞。②解析：選C?？疾閣hat引導的主語從句。what在主語從句中作主語。句意為：在許多國家，所謂的公立學校并非公眾擁有。

16....it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face...……這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚……

如果前面是―it(will be)is/this(will be)is/that(will be)is+the first/second time that...‖句式，表示―某人第幾次做某事‖。其中,that引導的是定語從句，后面句子的時態用現在完成時；如果前面是it(would be)was..., 后面則用過去完成時。It is the first time that I have come to Zhuhai.這是我第一次來珠海。

It was the second time that she had visited London.那是她第二次游覽倫敦。Page No.42 溫馨提示

如果time前有last修飾，此時我們一般不用完成時態。

注意：the first time可起從屬連詞的作用，引導時間狀語從句；for the first time意為―第一次‖單獨用作狀語。

This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.這是我最后一次給你們上課了。

高手過招(1)單項填空 ①It's the third time

late this week.（原創）A.that you are

B.you are C.when you arrived

D.that you have been ②It was for the first time that he

to the party.A.Invited

B.had been invited C.has been invited

D.was invited(2)翻譯句子（原創）

This will be the second time that I have been to the Great Wall.Page No.43（1）①解析：選D。―It is the +序數詞+time+ that從句‖為固定句型，從句謂語動詞必須用現在完成時。②解析：選D。it was...that是強調結構，句中強調狀語―for the first time‖故選D。（2）這將會是我第二次去長城。Page No.44 Unit 2 English around the world 核心單詞 1.command n.& vt.命令；指令；掌握

The officer commanded his soldiers to fire.那名軍官命令士兵們開火。

A general is a man who commands a large number of soldiers.將軍是統率眾多士兵的人。常用結構：

at/ by sb‘s command 聽某人支配 take command of

控制 in command of

指揮著 Page No.45 under one‘s command 由某人的指揮

under the command of sb.在某人的指揮下

command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事

command(=order)that...命令……（從句用虛擬語氣，即should+ do 形式，should可省略）聯想拓展

commander n.指揮官

高手過招

用適當的介詞填空（原創）①For the first time in years, she felt she was

command of her life.②The army is

the king‘s direct command.③The police arrived and took command

the situation.①in ②under/at/by ③of Page No.46 2.request vt.&n.請求；懇求；要求 常用結構：

request sb.to do sth.請求某人做某事 request sth.from/of sb.向某人要求某物

request that sb.(should)do sth.要求某人做某事 make a request/requests 發出請求

at the request of sb.＝at sb.‘s request依照某人的請求 易混辨析

request/demand/require request表示―有禮貌的請求；正式的請求‖。

demand表示―有正當權利的要求‖，因此含有―堅決或強烈要求‖的意思。

require表示―要求所必須的東西；法律、協定、規章以及其他客觀情況的要求‖。但它們也有不同之處： Page No.47 ①require和request都可以接賓語+to do sth.結構，而demand沒有此種用法。但可以說demand of sb.to do sth.②require+動名詞時，主動形式的動名詞具有被動意義，而demand，request無此種用法。They are demanding higher wages.他們要求提高工資。

Do you require anything else? 你還要求（需要）別的嗎？

Many people have requested this next song.許多人要求聽下面這首歌。

They required me to keep silent.他們要求我保持沉默。The letter requested us to leave the house within six weeks.這封信要求我們六周內搬出這所房子。溫馨提示

以上三個詞的共同點是：從語法上看，request和demand，require都可以接that引導的賓語從句，并且在從句中要使用虛擬語氣。

Page No.48 高手過招 單項填空 ①One of the requirements for a fire is that the material

to its burning temperature.（2010·陜西師大附中月考）

A.be heated

B.is heated C.would be heated

D.do heat ②—Why were you late for such an important concert? —The plane arrived at the airport after a

of three hours.（2010·陜西商洛一輪檢測）

A.delay

B.rest

C.tour

D.request ①解析：選A。如同require, demand, order, suggest, advise, insist, request等動詞要求其后面的賓語從句使用虛擬語氣一樣，它們所對應的名詞的同位語從句和表語從句也要求使用虛擬語氣，即：should+動詞原形。故選A。②解析：選A。上句詢問―遲到的原因‖，因此下句中的名詞應是與―遲到‖意義有關的名詞，所以只能選擇―延誤‖。Page No.49 3.recognize vt.辨認出；承認；公認 常用結構：

recognize sb.認出某人

recognize one‘s voice聽出某人的聲音 recognize...as...認定；承認……為……

recognize sb./sth....to be...認為某人/某事物是…… recognize that...承認……

When he walked out of the station, I recognized him immediately.當他從車站里走出來時，我立刻認出了他。

Everyone recognized him to be the lawful heir/as the lawful heir.大家都承認他為合法繼承人。Page No.50 高手過招 單項填空

—Oh, it‘s you!I

you.—I have just had my hair cut, and I‘m wearing new glasses.（2010·山東淄博六中檢測）

A.hadn‘t recognized

B.haven‘t recognized C.didn‘t recognize

D.don‘t recognize

解析：選C。前句的句意為：哦，是你呀！我剛才沒有認出你來。所以要用一般過去時。

4.direction n.［C］ 方向；方面;［U］指導；指揮 常用結構：

in the direction of 朝……的方向(=towards)in sb‘s direction 朝某人的方向(=towards sb.)under one‘s direction 在……指導下(=under the direction of sb.)Page No.51 Tom went off in one direction and Jack in another.湯姆往一個方向走，杰克往另外一個方向走。

Reforms are needed in many directions.許多方面都需要改革。He is walking in the direction of the police station.他正朝警察局的方向走去。

He glanced in her direction and their eyes met.他朝她這個方向一看，倆人的眼睛相遇了。

The singing group is under the direction of Mr Lee.合唱團由李先生指揮。溫馨提示

direction意為―指示；指引；用法說明‖等，通常要用復數形式。注意：表示郵件上的―姓名地址‖時，也用復數形式。Follow the directions on the medicine bottle.請按藥瓶上的說明服藥。

Page No.52 高手過招

（1）單項填空

Those who learn theory must develop

the direction of practice.（2010·山東棗莊一輪驗收）

A.to

B.on

C.in

D.for（2）完成句子（原創）①I gave Mary full

(地址)to enable her to find the post office.②He did the work

(在我的指導下).（1）解析：選C。in the direction of為固定搭配，意為―朝……方向‖。注意不要用介詞to。（2）①directions

②under my direction 重點短語

5.more than one 意為―不止一個‖，雖然在意義上表示復數，但作主語或修飾主語時，謂語動詞用單數，與many a(許多)用法一樣；如果more修飾復數可數名詞再跟than one作主語時，其謂語動詞則要用復數。Page No.53 More than one member has protested against the proposal.不止一個成員反對這個建議。

More than one person has been concerned in this.這里面涉及的不僅是一個人。

More persons than one have been involved.涉及的不僅僅是一個人。聯想拓展 ―more than+ adj.‖意為―很；非常‖。

在―more...than...‖中，肯定―more‖后面的，而否定―than‖后面的，意為―是……而不是……‖或者―與其……不如……‖。

―more than...can/could‖是英語里的一個常見結構，可把more than理解為not,表示否定，該結構意為―非……所能……；是……所不能……；不是……所能……‖。more often than not 經常；往往

In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments.做科學實驗時，對待儀器必須非常小心才行。Page No.54 If you tell your father what you have done, he will be more than a little angry.如果你把所做的事情告訴你父親，他會非常生氣的。Catherine is more diligent than intelligent.與其說凱瑟琳聰明，不如說她勤奮。

高手過招

完成句子（原創）①當我的老朋友布萊恩慫恿我抽一支煙時，我可再也熬不住了。

When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was

.②可能的解釋不止一個。There is

.①more than I could bear ②more than one possible explanation Page No.55 6.because of 因為；由于是介詞短語，后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞及what從句。She got hurt because of what you‘d said.她因為你的話而受到傷害。

due to 意為―由于‖常作表語，也作后置定語和狀語。thanks to意為―多虧；由于‖只作狀語。owing to意為―由于‖常作狀語。as a result of意為―由于‖作狀語。易混辨析

because/as/since/for because表示直接原因，語氣最強?；卮饂hy提出的問題只能用because。在強調句型中，也只能用because。

as用于解釋做某事的原因，語氣較弱，通常位于主句前。

since表示的原因是指人們已知的事實，常意為―既然‖。語氣比because弱，但比as強。通常位于主句前，并常與as換用。

for并列連詞，連接并列分句，表示一種補充說明，是推測或判斷的理由，語氣較弱，不可位于主句前。有時可表示直接原因，相當于because。

Page No.56 高手過招 單項填空

①People crowded on the road and could not go forward

the traffic accident some cars had made.（2010·山西太原五中檢測）

A.with

B.since C.because of

D.because ②People may have different opinions about Karen, but I admire her.,she is a great musician.（2010·陜西西安二中檢測）

A.After all

B.As a result C.In other words

D.As usual ①解析：選C。考查表示―原因‖的幾個詞的用法。since與because都是連詞，連接句子，with表示原因時，前面多是形容詞。如His face was red with cold.他的臉凍得通紅。because of為介詞短語，后跟名詞或動名詞短語，故選C。②解析：選A。after all畢竟；as a result結果；in other words換句話說；as usual照例。根據題意選擇A。Page No.57 7.come up 走近；上來；提出

The little boy came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station.小男孩向陌生人走去，并告訴他去警察局的路。

We won‘t forget the day when we watched the sun come up on top of the Tai Mountain.我們不會忘記一同在泰山頂看日出的那天。

It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting.這個問題在會議上一定會被提出來的。The snowdrops are just beginning to come up.雪蓮花剛剛開始長出地面。

I am afraid something urgent has come up.恐怕發生了什么急事。Page No.58 聯想拓展

come true

變成現實，成為現實 come across

邂逅 come about

發生

come at

向……撲來,攻擊 come from

來自

come out

出版;開花；結果是 come up with

想出

come round

繞道而來；蘇醒 come down

落下,塌下

come over

（從遠處）來到；橫過 come into use

開始使用 how come...?(表示理解)……怎么回事？ when it comes to sth.當涉及某事時

How come her French is so bad if she spent 5 years in pairs? 她在巴黎待了5年，但她的法語怎么這么糟糕。When it comes to getting things done, he is useless.一涉及到做事，他便不中用了。Page No.59 高手過招

（1）單項填空

They aren‘t afraid when they

the difficulties in their study.（2010·河南鎮平質量檢測）

A.come up

B.come to C.come about

D.come out（2）用come構成的短語填空（原創）①The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear

him.②The magazine

once a month.③I wish you can

to England on your holiday.④The engineers have

new ways of saving energy.⑤They

an old school friend in the street this morning.Page No.60（1）解析：選B。考查短語辨析。come to此處意為―涉及，提到‖；come about意為―產生‖，如:How did the difference between American English and British English come about? come up意為―到來，來到‖；come out意為―出來，長出，發芽‖。（2）①came at ②comes out ③come over ④come up with ⑤came across 8.such as

例如……；像這樣的 易混辨析

such as/for example/that is/and so on such as用來列舉事物。通常插在被舉例的帶有解釋性質的事物與前面的需要進行解釋的名詞之間，意為―比如；諸如……之類的‖，可與 like 互換，as 后不能有逗號。

for example同for instance一樣起到補充說明的作用，表明在眾多的內容中僅取一兩個例子，可放在舉例之前或之后，意為―例如，舉個例子‖。Page No.61 that is 是后面列舉的事物的總量等于它前面所提到的總和，相當于namely。也用that is to say。

and so on 對幾個事物進行列舉時，在說了其中的幾個以后，用and so on進行概括，說明還有例子，但不一一列出。

Boys like to play balls, such as football and basketball.男孩子喜歡打球，比如足球和籃球。

Some students, Li Jun, for example, live in the country.有些學生，如李軍，住在農村。

I have three good friends, that is, John, Jack and Tom.我有三個好朋友，即約翰、杰克和湯姆。

There are some books, pens, erasers and so on in my bag.我的書包里有書、筆、橡皮等。Page No.62 高手過招 單項填空

A lot of countries have gained excellent achievements in space technology, China，.（2010·安徽合肥八中檢測）

A.such as

B.for example

C.namely

D.and so on 解析：選B。四個詞中只有for example 位置靈活，可放在句首、句中或句末。

9.play a part(in)扮演一個角色；參與

She plays an active part in local politics.她積極參與地方政治活動。

She played a major part in the success of the scheme.她對該計劃的成功起了重要作用。Page No.63 聯想拓展

take part(in sth.)參加, 參與（某事）

the best part of sth.（某事物的）絕大部分（尤指一段時間）for the most part整體上;通常;多半 for my part就我來說 高手過招

翻譯句子（原創）①有多少國家要參加（世界杯賽）？ ②對我來說, 到哪兒吃飯都無所謂。①How many countries will be taking part(in the World Cup)? ②For my part, I don‘t mind where we eat.Page No.64 重點句型

10.Which country do you think has the most English learners? 你覺得學英語最多的是哪個國家？

do you think/believe/expect/find/know/suppose 作為插入語，放在特殊疑問詞后，其他內容緊跟其后并用陳述語序。

What time do you expect we will come and pick you up？ 你希望我們幾點來接你？

What do you suppose he will do after he hears about the good news？ 你認為他聽到那個好消息后會做什么呢？

Why do you think their team could win the football match? 你認為他們隊為什么能贏得那場足球賽呢？ Page No.65 高手過招 單項填空

─

is the best football player in your city? ─Jerry.（2010·江蘇鹽城質量檢測）A.Do you think who B.Do you think whom C.Who do you think D.Whom do you think 解析：選C。句中主要部分為who is the best football player in your city。插入語為do you think。11.Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你，（世界上）沒有什么標準英語。

(1)believe it or not在句中用作插入語，意為―信不信由你；我說的是真的‖。Page No.66 聯想拓展

常用作插入語的還有： generally speaking一般來說 frankly speaking坦白地說 judging from...從……來判斷

to tell you the truth說真的；老實說 to be honest說實在的

to make matters worse更糟糕的是 高手過招

單項填空 ①

, boys are stronger than girls.（2010·江蘇徐州質量檢測）

A.To speak generally

B.Generally to speak C.Generally speaking

D.Generally spoken ②

the hat he , the man is a soldier.（2010·浙江溫州一模）

A.Judging from;is wearing C.To judge by;putting B.Judging by;is having on

D.Judged by;is putting Page No.67（1）①解析：選C。插入語generally speaking意為―一般來說‖是固定搭配，指常規。②解析：選A。judging from為固定搭配，在這里judging不與the man形成邏輯上的主動或被動關系。wear, have on, dress都有―穿，戴‖的意思，但搭配和意義不同。wear和have on都可以表示―穿著‖的狀態，然而have on沒有進行時態；dress可以作及物和不及物動詞，作不及物動詞的意思是―穿衣‖，作及物動詞時賓語是人。(2）such上述一類的；諸如此類的 聯想拓展

no such...as沒有這樣的…… such as例如

such...as...像……這樣的…… such...that...這樣……以至于…… 易混辨析

such...that.../such...as...在such...that...結構中，that是從屬連詞，引導結果狀語從句，在從句中不作成分。Page No.68 在such...as...結構中，as是關系代詞，引導定語從句，在從句中常作賓語。

He is reading such a book as you borrowed from the library last week.他在讀的書和你上周從圖書館借來的一樣。（as是關系代詞，引導定語從句）

He is reading such an interesting book that I want to borrow it.他在讀的書這么有趣，我想借來讀讀。（that引導結果狀語從句）

高手過招

單項填空 ①Exercise is

as any other to lose unwanted weight.（2010·四川成都六中檢測）A.so useful a way

B.as a useful way C.as useful a way

D.such a useful way ②I suggest that we should take part in more such activities in future we did yesterday.（2010·江西南昌一中二模）

A.which

B.as

C.that

D.than Page No.69（2）①解析：選C。as...as結構中出現單數可數名詞時，不定冠詞和名詞應放在形容詞之后。so...as只用于否定句，故不能選A。②解析：選B。當先行詞被such修飾時，關系代詞用as。Page No.70 Unit 3 Travel journal 核心單詞 1.persuade vt.說服；勸服；使相信(同convince)常用結構：

persuade sb.of sth.使某人相信某事 persuade sb.to do sth.說服某人做某事

persuade sb.into doing sth.說服某人做某事

persuade sb.out of doing sth.說服某人不要做某事 persuade sb.that-clause 使某人相信…… Page No.71 聯想拓展

talk sb.into/out of doing sth.=reason sb.into/out of doing sth.說服某人做/不做某事

trick sb.into/out of doing sth.誘使某人做/不做某事 urge sb.into/out of doing sth.慫恿某人做/不做某事

易混辨析

advise/persuade advise 強調―勸告，建議‖的動作，不注重結果；而persuade強調―已經說服‖，重在結果。用法上：advise可跟v.-ing形式作賓語，也可以接that-clause（that sb.should do）,而persuade則不能。

I persuaded him of its truth.我使他相信這是真的。

We will persuade him to take the medicine.我們將說服他把藥吃下去。

We persuaded her into taking the job.我們說服她接受了這份工作。

Page No.72 I persuaded my father out of smoking.我勸服父親戒了煙。

She persuaded me that death does not end all.她說服我相信了死并不能結束一切。

He persuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to.即使她不想去上學，他還是說服她去了。

He advised that we(should)leave early.他建議我們早點出發。

高手過招 單項填空 ①Alice trusts you;only you can

her to give up the foolish idea.（2010·安徽合肥八中檢測）

A.suggest

B.attract

C.tempt

D.persuade ②Mr Li no longer smokes now because his wife

him to give up smoking last year.（2010·江蘇常州檢測題）

A.suggested

B.advised C.persuaded

D.told Page No.73 ①解析：選D。句意為：愛麗絲信任你，唯有你能說服她放棄這種愚蠢的想法。persuade sb.to do sth.說服某人做某事;suggest勸說、建議，后不接動詞不定式;attract 吸引;tempt 誘惑，引誘，均不符題意。故選D項。②解析：選C?？疾閍dvise sb.to do sth.和persuade sb.to do sth.的區別。advise sb.to do sth.意思是―勸某人做某事‖，強調動作，尤其是表達―勸而不服‖時多用此結構；persuade sb.to do sth.意思是―勸服某人做某事‖，強調結果。2.determine

vt.(使)決定,決心要;確定 常用結構：

determine + n./ pron.決(確)定

determine to do sth.決定做某事(表示動作，是非延續性動詞短語)determine on／upon...決定…… determine that／what...決定…… Page No.74 determine sb．to do sth.使某人決定做某事 determine sb.against sth.使某人決定不做某事

be determined to do sth.決心做某事(表示狀態，可與表示時間段的狀語連用)We determine to go to the railway station at once.我們決定立刻去火車站。

The court determined that the man was guilty of assault.法庭裁定那個人犯了侵犯人身罪。

That determined her against leaving home.那件事使她決定不離開家了。聯想拓展 determined adj.堅決的，有決心的 determination n.決心

I was determined to make it as a jazz musician.我決定要成為一名爵士樂音樂家。

Page No.75 溫馨提示

be determined to do與determine to do 意思基本一致，但前者表示狀態，可與某段時間狀語連用；后者表示動作，是非延續性的動詞短語。類似的短語還有：prepare for／be prepared for，worry about／be worried about。這類結構常考查分詞作狀語的用法。高手過招 單項填空

He left school early and as an adolescent，to make his fortune in America.（2010·江蘇城頭中學一輪檢測）

A.is determined

B.had be determined C.determined

D.determining 解析：選C?？疾閐etermine的用法。根據句意應使用be determined to結構，此處determined為形容詞作伴隨狀語。Page No.76 3.insist

v.堅持；堅決要求

You can come back later, if you insist.如果你一定要堅持，就稍后再來吧。常用結構：

insist on/upon sth./(sb‘s)doing sth.堅持某事/要求（某人）做某事 insist that....(should)堅持……

I still insist on my viewpoint.我仍然堅持我的觀點。He insisted on paying for the meal.他堅持要付飯錢。Mother insisted on our washing the clothes by ourselves.媽媽堅決要求我們自己洗衣服。溫馨提示

insist當―堅決要求‖解時，后面的從句應用虛擬語氣，即謂語部分用―should+動詞原形‖或直接用動詞原形；如果insist當―堅持（認為；說）‖解時，后面的從句不用虛擬語氣。

Page No.77 高手過招 單項填空 ①The man insisted

a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.（原創）A.find

B.to find

C.on finding

D.in finding ②I advised that he

to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he

quite well then.（2010·山東壽光一中一輪檢測）A.be sent;was feeling B.was sent;felt C.be sent;feel D.should be sent;should feel ①解析：選C。insist on doing sth.是習慣搭配，意為―堅持做某事‖。②解析：選A。advise引導賓語從句，從句中的謂語動詞不管什么人稱都應用should do;should也可以省去，只用動詞原形表述事實。insist在此處意為―堅持認為‖。故選A。Page No.78 4.once 用法較多，意思也比較豐富，既可以用作連詞，也可以用作副詞。

once用作連詞時，意為―一旦……就……‖，連接時間狀語從句，相當于as soon as。

once用作副詞時，意為―曾經；一度；從前‖。它是一個不確定的時間副詞，其位置一般是在行為動詞之前，系動詞之后。

once用作副詞，也可意為―一次‖。Once you start, you will never give up.一旦開始了，你就不要放棄。

Physics is easy to learn once you understand the rules.一旦你理解了規則，物理就不難學了。

Once he lived in America, but now he lives in England.他曾經居住在美國，但現在他生活在英國。

His song was once very popular among the young people.他的歌曾經在年輕人中很流行。Page No.79 The old professor comes to see us once a week.那個老教授一周來看我們一次。

Tell us the story once more.把那個故事再給我們講一遍。聯想拓展

at once 立刻；馬上

once again再一次；又一次（相當于once more）all at once突然（相當于suddenly)once upon a time很早以前；從前

once in a while偶爾；間或once/as soon as once偏重于條件，而as soon as偏重于時間。

Once you see the film, you‘d never forget it(不宜用as soon as).你一旦看了這部電影，你就永遠不會忘記它。

As soon as he got off the plane, we wanted to say hello to him(不宜用once).他一下飛機，我們就想向他打招呼。

Page No.80 高手過招 單項填空 ①

environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem(生態系統)to recover.（原創）

A.Even if

B.If only

C.While

D.Once ②

you understand this rule, you‘ll have no further difficulty.（2010·山東煙臺質量檢測）

A.Once

B.Unless

C.As

D.Until ①解析：選D。句子為once引導的時間狀語從句，意為―一旦；一……就……‖。句意為：一旦環境遭到損害，就需要許多年才能使生態系統恢復。even if引導讓步狀語從句，意為―盡管‖。if only意為―要是……就好了‖，引導從句的謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣。while意為―當……的時候‖，引導從句的謂語動詞必須是延續性動詞。故選D。②解析：選A?？疾橛蒾nce引導的時間狀語從句，意為―一旦‖。句意為：一旦明白了這條規則，就再也沒有困難了。Page No.81 5.view

n.風景；視野；觀點；見解

vt.觀看；注視；考慮

The house has a view over the sea.這座房子面向大海，視野開闊。

What is your view on school punishments? 你對學校的處罰有什么看法？

The plan was viewed favorably.這項計劃是受到稱贊的。聯想拓展

in one‘s view

在某人看來

come into view

進入視野，看得見 in full view(of sb./sth.)完全看得見 in view of sth.鑒于，考慮到，由于

with a view to sth.／to doing sth.為了，指望

Several possible buyers have come to view the house.幾個可能是買主的人來看過房子。

Page No.82 高手過招 單項填空

On the top of this mountain, you can get a wonderful

of the nearby hills.原五中檢測）

sight

B.view

C.distance

D.look 解析：選B。get a view of為固定搭配，意為―看到……的景象‖。

重點短語 6.care about 關心；擔心；在乎；喜歡

I really care about my work.我真的關心我的工作。聯想拓展

care for 喜愛；照顧；重視

take care 當心

take care of 照料;關懷;處理 under the care of 由……管理, 在……的照料下, 在……的保護下 Page No.83 with care 小心, 慎重

She doesn‘t care for that colour．她不喜歡那種顏色。

He spent years caring for his sick mother． 他數年里一直在照顧生病的母親。

2010·山西太（I do care for what my teacher says.我的確尊重老師說的話。高手過招

（1）單項填空

That old man is so greedy(貪婪的)that he

nothing but money, not even his relatives.（原創）

A.look about

B.search for C.cares about

D.takes care of（2）完成句子（原創）①他一點也不關心別人，只想著自己。

He doesn‘t care

other people at all;he is always thinking of himself.②愛因斯坦對金錢不感興趣，對薪水也不計較。

Einstein who cared little

money never cared

his salary.Page No.84(1)解析：選C?？疾槎陶Z辨析。look about到處看；search for尋找，相當于look for；care about關心；在乎；take care of照料。(2)①about②for;about 7.change one‘s mind 改變主意

Maybe you‘ll change your mind after thinking it over.也許你仔細考慮之后會改變主意。聯想拓展

make up one‘s mind(to do)下定決心（做某事）have a/no mind to do

有/無意做…… lose one‘s mind 失去理智

read one‘s mind 看出某人的心思 speak one‘s mind 直言不諱

be of the same mind 意見一致

be in/of two minds 拿不定主意 give one‘s mind to 注意…… keep one‘s mind on 專心于…… Page No.85 take one‘s mind off sth.轉移某人的注意

bear/keep sth.in mind 記住某事 bring/call sth.to mind 回憶某事

put one‘s mind to sth.全神貫注于某事

I have made up my mind to leave, and nothing you say will change it.我已經下定決心要離開，不管你說什么我都不會改變主意了。①I‘ve made up my mind to be a doctor.②Nothing will make me change my mind.Page No.86 8.give in

屈服，讓步，投降；上交 聯想拓展 give in(to sb./sth.)向……讓步

give up sth./doing

放棄（做）某事

give away 贈送；泄露

give back 歸還；恢復

give off

放出，散發(光、熱、煙、氣味等)give out分配；分發；發布；（食物，燃料，電力等）被用光；筋疲力盡

Seeing that he could not persuade me, he had to give in(to my view).由于無法說服我，他不得不讓步。

Our food supply at last gives out.我們的食物終于用完了。His strength gave out.他已筋疲力盡。

Page No.87 高手過招 單項填空

It is always the husband who

first when a quarrel breaks out between the young couple.（2010·山東聊城檢測）

A.give away

B.gives out

C.gives in

D.gives off 解析：選C?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意為：當年輕夫妻之間發生爭吵時，最先讓步的總是丈夫。give away 贈送，泄露，出賣；give out 分發，用完，消耗盡；give in 投降，屈服，讓步；give off 放出，散發出。重點句型

9.Which kind of transport do you prefer to use: bus or train? 汽車和火車，你更喜歡使用哪種交通方式？

prefer to do(rather than do)意為―寧可；寧愿（表選擇）‖或者―更喜歡做某事‖。其本身帶有like better的含義，所以不能再與表示程度的better或more連用。Page No.88 聯想拓展

prefer sth.喜歡某事/物

prefer doing sth.更喜歡做某事

prefer+to do sth.（表示特定場合下）更喜歡做某事 prefer sb.to do sth.寧愿某人做某事 prefer A to B/prefer doing A to doing B 寧愿……而不愿……

prefer to do A rather than do B 寧愿做A而不愿做B prefer + that-clause(虛擬語氣)+(should)+do 喜歡做某事

Do you prefer cooking for yourself or eating in a restaurant? 你是喜歡自己做飯還是下館子？

Their father prefers them to be home early.他們的父親寧愿他們早點回家。

I prefer writing a term paper to taking an examination.我寧愿寫一篇學術論文也不愿參加考試。Page No.89 He preferred to die rather than become a traitor.他寧死也不做叛徒。Would you prefer that I（should）come on Monday instead of on Tuesday? 你寧愿讓我星期一來而不是星期二來嗎？

高手過招 單項填空

My sister

singing

dancing while I dance sing.（原創）A.prefers;to;would rather;than B.would rather;than;prefer;to

C.prefers;rather than;would rather;to D.would rather;to;prefer;to 解析：選A?？疾楣潭ù钆?。prefer的搭配是prefer to do rather than do或prefer doing to doing；would rather的搭配是would rather do than do或would do rather than do，因此A項正確。

Page No.90 10.When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.當我告訴她那里空氣稀薄，呼吸困難，而且天氣很冷時，她卻說這將是一次有趣的經歷。―...the air would be hard to breathe...‖是―主語+系動詞+形容詞+不定式‖結構，其中不定式的謂語與主語在意義上是動賓關系，但要用主動形式表示被動意義，不定式后面如果是不及物動詞要在其后加適當的介詞與主語構成動賓關系。這一類的形容詞通常可以描繪主語的情緒、態度、品質屬性或者難易程度，如hard, difficult, easy, nice, interesting, important, pleasant和comfortable等。

Your writing is impossible to read.你寫的字太難辨認了。Do you think the water is safe to drink? 你認為這水喝起來安全嗎？

The chair looks rather hard, but it is very comfortable to sit on.這把椅子看上去很硬，但坐起來很舒服。Page No.91 高手過招

完成句子（原創）①有時候她很不容易理解。

She was difficult

at times.②他是唯一一個被授予這種榮譽的外國人。

He was the only foreigner

such an honour.①to understand

②to be given 11.A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.有決心的人總是努力完成工作，不管它有多么難。

no matter how...引導讓步狀語從句，意為―無論多么……‖，how后跟形容詞或副詞，相當于―however + adj./adv.‖句式。聯想拓展

no matter意為―無論；不管‖時，引導讓步狀語從句，常用于下列句型中：no matter what(who/when etc.)...分別表示―無論何事‖、―無論何人‖、―無論何時‖等，這個從句可以置于主句之前，也可以置于主句之后。no matter后接關系代詞或關系副詞引導的狀語從句在句中作讓步狀語。

Page No.92 注意：whatever, however, whoever etc.可引導狀語從句，也可引導名詞性從句。No matter what happened, he would not mind.=Whatever happened, he would not mind.不管發生什么，他都不在意。

（錯）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they‘re given.（對）Prisoners have to eat whatever they‘re given.囚犯們只能給什么吃什么。

No matter how hard he works, he can not get a promotion.不管他工作多努力, 他就是得不到提升。

No matter what you do, you must be very careful.不管做什么事，你都必須非常細心。

No matter who you are(=Whoever you are), I‘ll never let you in.無論你是誰，我絕不讓你進去。

No matter which you choose(=Whichever you choose), you will be satisfied.不論你選擇哪一個，你都會滿意的。

No matter where I go(=Wherever I go), I will be thinking of you.無論我去哪里，我都會想著你。

Page No.93 高手過招 單項填空 ①

the problem may be, we must solve it ourselves.（2010·山東威海一輪驗收）A.Whatever difficult

B.How difficult

C.However difficult

D.No matter what difficult ②It is generally considered unwise to give a child

he or she wants.（2010·山東棗莊檢測）

A.however

B.whatever C.whichever

D.whenever ①解析：選C。句意為：不管問題有多難，我們都要獨立解決。difficult為形容詞，因此用how修飾，表示程度。however在這里沒有轉折的意思，相當于no matter how，因此答案為C。②解析：選B。考查從屬關聯詞的用法。whatever等于anything that或everything that，引導賓語從句。whatever一方面起引導詞的作用，同時作從句中wants的賓語。Page No.94 Unit 4 Earthquakes 核心單詞 1.burst

vt.& vi.(burst, bursting)爆炸；脹裂；突然而起；闖入； 充滿；滿盈；n.突然破裂；爆發 聯想拓展

burst out 迸發；突然發作；突然……起來 burst open推開；忽然打開； 裂開 burst through沖開；沖破；撥開

burst in upon打斷(談話等)；突然出現； 突然到達 burst in/ into闖入； 突然出現； 突然……起來； 突然發作 Page No.95 另外，burst into后接名詞時可表示不同的意義： burst into laughter突然大笑起來 burst into tears突然大哭起來 burst into cheers突然歡呼起來

burst out后接動名詞也表示同樣的意思 burst out laughing/crying 突然大笑/哭起來 高手過招 單項填空

Every time

he thought of his past, he couldn‘t help bursting(2010·濟南一模)A.when;out tears

B.that;into crying C.which;into tears

D./;out crying 解析：選D。burst out后接v.-ing形式，every time 相當于連詞，引導狀語從句。故選D。Page No.96 2.event

n.事件；大事；比賽項目

The new book was the cultural event of the year.這本新書的出版是今年文化界的大事。Coming events cast their shadows before.未來之事先有征兆。

The next event will be the 100-metre race.下一個比賽項目是100米賽跑。常用結構：

at all events 無論怎樣 in any event 無論如何 in the event of 萬一；倘若

In the event of rain, the game will be postponed.要是下雨，球賽就延期。Page No.97 易混辨析

occurrence/event/incident/accident occurrence系常用詞, 指―任何發生的事件‖。event 指―有重要意義的歷史事件、重大事件‖。incident指―事件‖, 尤指―比較不重要的小事件‖。accident指―意外事故‖。高手過招 單項填空 ①The National Day and the International Labour Day are great

in our country.(2010·河南鎮平二輪)A.things

B.incidents C.accidents

D.events

.②How many

are going to be held in this Summer Olympic Games?(2010·江蘇啟東一輪)A.accidents

B.incidents C.events

D.sports Page No.98 ①解析：選D?？疾樵~義辨析。things是普通用詞，指―情況；狀況‖；incident意為―事情；發生的事（常指小事）‖；accident意為―事故‖，強調未預料到的事情；event的意為―事件‖，多指大事件。②解析：選C?？疾樵~義辨析。accident意為―事故‖，指沒有料到的惡性事件。incident指―事件‖，多指不是很重要的事情。event多指―政治性的事件‖，尤指大事。event也可以指（體育運動中的）比賽項目。3.rescue n.&vt.援救，營救 常用結構：

rescue sb./ sth.from sb./ sp.把……從……營救出來 come to/ go to sb‘s rescue = rescue sb.援救某人

a rescue team 救援隊

a rescue mission 救援任務

rescue workers 救援人員 Page No.99 The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river.警察來救他，把他從河里拉了出來。

The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake.營救隊在這次地震期間進行了無數次救援。Michael rescued a boy from drowning.邁克爾把溺水的男孩救了起來。高手過招

用rescue的適當形式填空（原創）①The mother, along with her two children，from the sinking boat by a passing ship.②The firemen

five children from the burning house yesterday.①has been rescued ②rescued Page No.100 4.judge

n.法官；鑒賞家；裁判 vt.判斷；估計

His father used to be a judge.他的父親過去是一名法官。She‘s a good judge of wine.她是鑒別酒的專家。The blind can‘t judge colours.盲人無法判斷顏色。Don‘t judge a man by his looks.不要以貌取人。聯想拓展

judgment n.判斷，辨別力

judge sb./ sth.by/from 通過……判斷…… as far as I judge 我認為 judging from...從……來看，根據……判斷

Judging from what he said, he must be an honest man.從他所說的話來看，他是個誠實的人。

Page No.101 高手過招(1)單項填空

the hat he , the old man is a farmer.(2010·山東日照檢測)A.Judging from;is wearing B.Judging by;is having on C.To judge by;putting D.Judged by;is putting

（2）用judge的適當形式填空（原創）①

from his appearance, he must be a rich man.②In her

, he must be from the south.(1)解析：選A。judging from為固定搭配，此處judging不與the old man形成邏輯主動或被動關系。wear, have on, dress都有―穿，戴‖的意思，但搭配和意義不同。wear和have on都可以表示―穿著‖的狀態，然而have on沒有進行時態；dress可以作及物和不及物動詞，作不及物動詞時意為―穿衣‖，作及物動詞時賓語是人。(2)①Judging ②judgment Page No.102 5.ruin

vt.毀壞；毀滅。既可指實際的東西，也可指抽象的東西。n.［U］毀壞；毀滅 ［C］（常用作復數）廢墟 聯想拓展

in ruins嚴重損壞；破敗不堪；落空

bring come to ruin使某人失敗；使傾家蕩產 bring ruin upon oneself自取滅亡

fall/go to ruin毀滅, 滅亡;崩潰;破壞掉

ruin oneself毀掉自己 易混辨析

destroy/ruin/damage/harm destroy 表示在肉體上、精神上或道義上的徹底摧毀，使之無法恢復，也可以表示對某物體進行完全的毀壞。

ruin一般指對物體或生命徹底的破壞，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次性打擊的結果，常指對美好的或希望中的事物的破壞。Page No.103 damage 一般指對物體或生命的局部損傷，使整體的價值或作用降低或變得無價值、無作用。這種損傷可以是暴力的或一次性破壞的結果，也可以指非暴力的長期損害的結果。harm 一般指傷害有生命的東西，常指傷及人的健康、權利、事業等。What he faced ruined his hope.他所面對的使他的希望破滅了。

The whole city was destroyed in the earthquake.整個城市在地震中被毀掉了。

Laziness will ruin one‘s prospects.懶惰會使人自毀前程。We wanted to have a look at the ruins of Pompeii.我們想看一下龐貝城的廢墟。

They managed to repair the houses that had been damaged.他們設法修復了受到破壞的房子。Page No.104 高手過招 單項填空 ①I was

by that law case.I‘m a man.(2010·11·西安月考)A.ruined;ruined

B.ruined;destroying C.damaged;destroyed

D.destroyed;damaging ②Many old temples

ruins are now being rebuilt.（原創）A.on

B.by

C.with

D.in ①解析：選A。句意為：我被那場官司搞得傾家蕩產，不名一文。ruin常用于借喻中，指損壞到了不能再使用的程度；damage不能指人，只指物；destroy指完全徹底地破壞，含有無法修復之意，也可用于借喻。第二個空應用過去分詞作定語，表被動和完成之意。②解析：選D。in ruins為固定搭配，意為―處于頹廢狀態‖。Page No.105 6.bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；使沉浸于 聯想拓展

be buried alive 被活埋

be buried under 為……所壓倒；沉浸于,忙于

bury(oneself)in 埋頭于；專心于；退居于(鄉間等)=be buried in bury one‘s head in the sand

自欺欺人，逃避現實（來自鴕鳥的習性）The house was half buried under snow.房子一半被埋在雪中。

If you continue to bury your head in the sand and refuse to recognize the fact that some of your classmates are catching up with you, it won‘t be long before you find yourself left behind.如果你再拒絕承認你的一些同班同學已經趕上來了這一事實，那么不用多久，你就會發現自己落后了。

Page No.106 高手過招

選詞填空（burying/buried）（原創）

I have a sigh, my head

in my hands.buried 重點短語 7.right away 立刻，馬上

I‘ll return the book to you right away.我會馬上還書給你。If war breaks out, we shall be called up right away.如果戰爭爆發，我們將立即被征召服役。聯想拓展 right now=at once=immediately=in no time立刻，馬上

Page No.107(1)解析：選D。考查短語辨析。in no time意為―片刻之后‖，而 in a flash意為―片刻之間‖。

(2)I want it typed right away, please.Page No.108 8.think of 認為；考慮 聯想拓展

think poorly of不放在眼里；輕視

think twice 再三考慮

think little/nothing of輕視；忽略

think much/highly of重視；看重，評價高 What do you think of...?認為……怎么樣？ think about考慮；回想；想起 think of考慮；記憶，記起

think sth.over仔細想；謹慎思考；作進一步考慮 think sth.out認真考慮；仔細盤算 think sth.up想出，發明 Page No.109 The government thinks highly of his invention because it will benefit the whole country.政府非常重視他的發明，因為它將有益于全國人民。

The foolish boss thought little of my suggestions on that project.那個愚蠢的老板根本就不重視我對那項工程的建議。He is thinking about travelling in the summer holidays.他正在考慮暑假旅游的事。

I can‘t think of his name at the moment.我一時想不起他的名字。

Please think over what I said.請仔細考慮我說的話。

He thought out a new idea.他盤算出了一個新主意。高手過招 單項填空 ①How did you think

such a clever way out of difficulty?（原創）A.over

B.about

C.up

D.on ②Can you

a way of solving the problem?（原創）A.discover

B.invent up

C.think up

D.invent Page No.110 ①解析：選C。句意為：你怎樣想出如此明智的辦法擺脫困境？其他選項與think搭配無―想出‖之意。②解析：選C。think up在這里相當于think of，意為―考慮，思考‖。9.at an end

結束，終結（= finish）聯想拓展

end n.&v.結事，終結 與end搭配的常用短語

at the end of在……末尾 by the end of到……末為止 in the end最后，終于

at a loose end無所事事；處于雜亂狀態 make ends meet收支相抵

The war was finally at an end.戰爭終于結束了。Page No.111 ①by the end of ②in the end

③at the end of 10.instead of

代替，而不是

The Chinese use chopsticks instead of knives and forks.中國人不用刀叉,用筷子。

Instead of working, Jack was idling away his time.杰克不去工作,虛度著光陰。

She decided to leave here on Sunday instead of Monday.她決定星期日而不是星期一離開這里。Page No.112 易混辨析

instead/instead of/in place of/take the place of instead 是副詞，單獨使用，用于句首或句末作狀語，意為―而是，相反‖。

instead of 是復合介詞，后接名詞、代詞、或動名詞，意為―代替、而不……‖。

in place of 為介詞短語，也是―代替、而不‖的意思，表示―以甲代乙‖，而instead of則是―用甲不用乙‖，除―代替‖外，還有對乙否定的意思，有時意為―不‖。take the place of(replace)作謂語，用在名詞、代詞前。高手過招 單項填空 ①—I think we should buy a new curtain

this one.—Yes.It looks a bit ugly

.(2010·江西贛州一輪)A.to replace;as it is B.to in place of;now

C.to take the place of;as it was D.instead of;than that one Page No.113 ②We will go there on foot

by bus.What about you?(2010·11·福建福州月考)A.instead

B.instead of

C.without

D.but ①解析：選A。to replace為不定式作目的狀語。as it is意為―現在的樣子‖。②解析：選B。instead of意為―用一種形式代替另一種形式‖。C項有一定干擾性，without意為―在沒有……的情況下‖，因此不合題意。11.the number of 意為―……的數量、數目‖，作主語時謂語動詞用單數；a number of意為―一些，很多‖，相當于 many, 后接可數名詞復數，當它作主語時，謂語動詞用復數。The number of competitors is limit.參賽者的數量是有限的。A number of problems have arisen.已經出現了一些問題。Page No.114 a large /great/good number of；a great/good many;a good few/quite a few+可數名詞復數，意為―大量的‖；

a great/good deal;a great/ large amount of;quite a little+ 不可數名詞，意為―大量的‖；

a lot of/lots of;a great /large quantity of;large quantities of/ plenty of +可數名詞復數/不可數名詞均可，意為―大量的‖。但是a great/large quantity of..., large quantities of...作主語時謂語動詞與quantity形式一致。高手過招 單項填空

During the past two years, the number of automobile accidents in New York City

decreased.(2010·11·山東煙臺月考)A.have

B.has

C.was

D.were

解析：選B。the number of+復數名詞，其主語是number，故謂語動詞用單數，意為―……的數量‖。Page No.115 重點句型

12.In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.農家大院里的雞，甚至豬都緊張得不吃食。

―too + adj./adv.+動詞不定式‖結構簡稱為―too...to‖結構，在大多數情況下表示否定意義，通常可意為―太……而不能……;太……無法……‖。―too...to‖結構表示否定的常見句型有：

too +adj./adv.+ to do，有時too后也可跟一個起形容詞作用的過去分詞。too...to/to be done形式。這是―too...to‖結構中不定式為被動式時的變體，如果主語是不定式動作的承受者，不定式既可以用主動式，也可以用被動式，此時用主動式雖然在形式上是主動的，但在意義上卻是被動的。

too + adj.+ a(an)+ n.+ to + v./to be done形式。這個句型在too+ adj.后再接一個帶不定冠詞的名詞，不定冠詞一定要放置于形容詞后。與此同時，只有當too后形容詞修飾一個可數名詞時，才可以在形容詞與名詞間加不定冠詞―a/an‖。當句子主語能發出該不定式的動作時，可以用to + v.的主動式，當主語是該不定式動作的承受者時，則用to be + v.-ed的被動式。Page No.116 溫馨提示

并不是所有―too...to‖結構的句子都表示否定意義，在下列情況下，―too...to‖結構可以表示肯定意義：

―too...to‖結構之前帶有but, only, all, never, not時，是強調肯定的表示法，意為―非?！?，十分……，實在……，真是太……‖等。

―too...to‖結構中帶有表示某種心情或描繪性的形容詞或副詞，如ready，eager, satisfied, kind, willing, easy, anxious等加動詞不定式結合成一個不可分割的狀態、態度、傾向或心情等，并且其后的不定式不是說明too的具體內容，而是修飾形容詞，故不定式不再表示結果。在―too...to‖結構中，不定式為否定式時，是構成的雙重否定，其意為―非常/很/太/那么……不會不/必定能/所以能……‖，也不表示否定意義。

Page No.117 I，m too tired to think of anything now.我太累了，什么也不能想了。

The tea is too hot to drink/to be drunk.茶太熱，不能喝。The shoes are too badly broken to be mended.這些鞋子破爛得不能修補。

He，s too experienced an artist to mind what the critics say.(＝As an artist he，s too experienced to mind what the critics say.)他是個經驗非常豐富的藝術家，不會介意批評家說些什么。

He is too experienced an artist to be worried by what the critics say.他是一個經驗非常豐富的藝術家，不至于為批評家們的議論而擔憂。I am but too glad to do so.我非常喜歡這樣做。

He was too anxious to do this job.他非常想做這件工作。

The girl is too careful not to do it well.這姑娘很細心，完全能做好那件事。Page No.118 高手過招 單項填空

—He seems

tired to do it.—But I am only

glad to do it.(2010·江蘇常州一輪)A.very;too

B.extremely;too too;too

D.very;very 解析：選C。第一空為too...to 太……而不能……，第二空前有only所以too...to強調肯定，意為―非常、十分‖。

13.It seemed as if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日！聯想拓展

as if=as though意為―仿佛，像，似乎‖。通常用在be，look，seem，sound，taste，smell及feel等連系動詞的后面。如果表示真實情況應該用陳述語氣；如果表示非真實情況則應該用虛擬語氣, 其謂語動詞的虛擬式與wish后面賓語從句中謂語動詞的虛擬式相同。引導方式狀語從句時也要用虛擬語氣。Page No.119 注意：as if(though)后面除了跟句子外，還可以跟名詞、動詞不定式、形容詞(短語)、介詞短語和分詞。

另外，as if(though)還可以表達感嘆語氣，來對某項建議、假設和推測表示不贊成、驚訝、不滿和厭惡等。

How wild his white hair looked as if it had been electrified!他的白發十分凌亂，好像觸了電似的。(虛擬語氣)She seems as if she is going to cry.她似乎要哭了。(陳述事實)As if anyone would believe that story！好像有人竟會相信那樣的事！

As if we were all stupid and he alone clever！

哼，就仿佛我們都是傻瓜，只有他一個人聰明似的。He raised his hand as if to take off his hat.他舉起他的手，好像要取下帽子。He behaved as if nothing had happened.他表現的好像什么也沒發生。

Page No.120 高手過招

（1）單項填空

—Will you go to the exhibition tomorrow? —Yes, I will go

it，s windy.(2010·11·山東濱州月考)A.as if

B.even though C.as soon as D.as though（2）翻譯句子（原創）①你像是見了鬼似的。②這個男孩向四周察看，像在尋找什么東西。

(1)解析：選B。even though相當于even if，引導讓步狀語從句，意為―即使‖；as if（though）引導方式狀語從句；as soon as引導時間狀語從句。(2)①You looked as if you had seen a ghost． ②The boy looked about as if in search of something． Page No.121 14.All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破滅了。

all, both, each, every, everyone, everything, always, whole, wholly, entirely, altogether等具有總括意義的詞后跟否定詞not連用時，一般都表示部分否定，其中all, both, each, every無論在not之前還是之后，都表示部分否定。

但如果句子中出現下列單詞或短語則該句為全部否定：none of+n./pron.;neither+n./pron.;no+n.;nothing；nobody；neither；never；nowhere；neither...nor等。All that glitters is not gold.發光的不一定都是金子。

Not all body languages mean the same thing in different countries.并非所有的肢體語言在不同的國家里都有相同的意思。Each machine here is not produced in our plant.這里的機器不全是我們廠生產的。Page No.122 高手過招 單項填空

We couldn‘t eat in a restaurant because

of us had

money on us.（原創）

A.all;no

B.any;no C.none;any

D.no one;any 解析：選C?？疾槿糠穸ā＞湟鉃椋阂驗槲覀兇蠹疑砩隙紱]帶錢，所以不能在飯店里吃飯。故選C項。Page No.123 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero 核心單詞 1.quality n.［U,C］質，質量，品質；特性（既可用于描述物品，也用于描述人物）［C］性質；特性；特點 Modesty is one of his good qualities.謙虛是他的美德之一。

One quality of wood is that it can burn.木料的一個特點是能燃燒。Page No.124 常用結構：

high quality 優質 poor quality 劣質

average quality 一般的品質

Wine of high quality costs more than that of poor quality.優質的葡萄酒比劣質的葡萄酒價格要高。易混辨析

quality/quantity quality 質，質量 quantity 數量；大量

For study, quality often matters more than quantity.就學習而言，質量往往比數量更重要。

Quantities of food were on the table.桌上擺了大量食物。There is a small quantity of water left in the bottle.瓶子里還剩下少量的水。Page No.125 高手過招

完成句子(原創)①他仔細檢查家具的品質。

He examined

carefully.②他具備了一個成功商人應具有的所有品質。

He has

of a successful businessman.①the quality of the furniture ②all the qualities Page No.126 2.devote vt.獻身；專心于 常用結構：

devote oneself/one‘s energy/one‘s time to(doing)sth.奉獻/精力/時間于某事

sb.be devoted to(doing)sth.某人獻身做某事 He devoted all his life to China‘s aviation.他的一生都奉獻給了中國的航空事業。

He‘s devoted his whole life to the protection of the rare animals.他終生獻身于保護珍稀動物。He is devoted to helping the poor.他致力于幫助窮困的Page No.127 聯想拓展

類似于devote...to...的結構中to為介詞的詞組還有： object to 反對

attend to 辦理；照顧；注意聽 look forward to 期待；盼望be opposed to 反對

devote...to 貢獻給……stick to 堅持

lead to 導致pay attention to 注意到

be related to 與……有關see to 務必做到； 負責…… refer to 提到；指的是turn to 翻到； 求助于 高手過招 單項填空

The idea for the new machine came to Mr Baker

to his invention.(2010·陜西師大附中月考)A.while he was devoted

B.while devoting C.while devoting himself

D.while devoted 解析：選A?？疾閎e devoted to這一結構。注意不要誤選D項，因為主句的主語the idea與從句的主語Mr Baker/he不一致，因此從句中的主語和謂語動詞he was不能省略。

Page No.128 3.equal

adj.相同的；平等的 vt.等于，比得上 n.同等/相等的人或物

He asked us to cut the apple into three equal pieces.他讓我們把蘋果切成三等份。

None of us can equal her in intelligence.我們中沒人能在智力方面比得上她。常用結構：

be equal to sth./doing sth.勝任某事/ 做某事 A equals BA等于B without equal/have no equal 無與倫比/無比

Are you equal to(doing)the task?你能勝任這項工作嗎？ Yao Ming is a basketball player without equal in China.在中國，姚明是個無與倫比的籃球運動員。Page No.129 高手過招 單項填空

He doubted whether she would be

to the task.（原創）equal

B.similar

C.familiar

D.content 解析：選A。be equal to sth.勝任，符合句意。content意為―滿意的，滿足的‖不符句意，其他選項也均與句意不符。

4.reward n.報答；酬金（為某些特殊服務提供或給予的金錢）vt.酬謝，獎賞；報應；懲罰（壞人或壞事）常用結構：

as a reward(for)作為（對某事的）報酬（或獎賞）give/ offer a reward to sb.for sth.為某事而給某人報酬 in reward for 為酬答……；作為獎勵……

reward sb.(with...)for sth.為某事（而以……）報答…… Page No.130 易混辨析

reward/award/prize reward表示―獎賞，酬謝‖，動詞只能以人或人的行為作賓語，名詞表示某人因做了某事而應得到某東西。

award 作名詞指正式或官方 ―給予，頒發，授予‖（獎章，獎金等），也可以指法庭裁決；作動詞時可以跟兩個賓語，award sb.sth.把某物授予/判給某人。

prize只能作名詞，表示―獎賞、獎金、獎品‖，尤指在比賽中獲得的榮譽。It‘s a reward for virtue.那是對美德的回報。

It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work.他工作很辛苦，報酬卻很少，這不公平。

How can I reward your kindness? 我如何酬謝你的好意呢？

Jim rewarded the boy a pound for bringing back the lost dog.男孩把吉姆丟失的狗帶了回來，為此吉姆獎賞給他一英鎊。

Page No.131 高手過招 單項填空 ①Martin Luther King, a great Black leader in the movement against racial discrimination, was

the Nobel Prize for peace for his outstanding contribution to world peace.(2010·11·河南洛陽月考)A.rewarded

B.given

C.awarded

D.offered ②They

the winners with gifts of fruit and flowers.（原創）A.rewarded

B.awarded

C.charged

D.paid ③The girl got nothing in

for her kindness, which made her very sad.A.prize

B.award

C.medals

D.reward Page No.132 ①解析：選C。句意為：反對種族歧視運動的杰出黑人領袖馬丁·路德·金，因其對世界和平的突出貢獻而被授予諾貝爾和平獎。award指正式或官方的―授予，頒發‖。②解析：選A?？疾楣潭ù钆?。句意為：他們送給獲勝者水果和鮮花作為獎賞。reward sb.with...用……酬勞某人。③解析：選D。由句意可知，應該是對做好事的報答。in reward for 為……而報答。重點短語

5.out of work 失業

Jim has been out of work for several months.吉姆已經失業幾個月了。

Mary‘s cell phone has been out of work for several days, which brought her a lot of inconvenience.瑪麗的手機壞了好幾天了，這給她帶來了很多不便。Page No.133 聯想拓展

in work有工作

out of breath上氣不接下氣 out of patience 不耐煩 out of use 沒用了 out of date過時

out of order次序顛倒；出故障 out of control失控

out of danger脫離危險

out of shape變形

Out of sight, out of mind.眼不見, 心不煩。

高手過招

用適當的介詞（短語）填空（原創）①Although my computer is

date now, it's still

use.②After the fourth operation, the patient has been

danger.①out of;in ②out of Page No.134 6.as a matter of fact

事實上

It was cold.As a matter of fact, it was freezing.天很冷。事實上，冷得要命。聯想拓展

as a matter of fact=in fact/in actual fact/actually/in reality/to tell the truth 實際上；事實

to make matters worse 讓事情更糟糕的是 it doesn‘t matter 沒有關系 高手過招 單項填空

It rained that day., our car broke down on the way.(2010·江蘇泰州一輪檢測)A.In fact

B.Actually C.To make matters worse

D.To tell the truth 解析：選C。to make matters worse讓事情更糟糕的是。根據句 意可知，C項符合。

Page No.135 7.blow up

vi.爆炸；突然嚴峻；大發雷霆

vt.炸毀；給……充氣；放大（照片）

My father blew up when I didn't come home last night.我昨晚沒回家，父親大發雷霆。

Stop at the gas station and we'll blow up the tyres.在加油站停一下，我們要給輪胎打氣。聯想拓展

blow away刮走，吹走 blow down(風)刮倒

blow off 吹掉；將（熱水、蒸汽等）放出 blow out 吹熄；（電線）燒斷

blow over(暴風雨等)吹散，刮倒；（壞天氣）大風平息 Page No.136 高手過招 單項填空

A short circuit will

the fuse(保險絲).（原創）A.blow up

B.blow off C.blow out

D.blow over 解析：選C。句意為：短路會燒斷保險絲。根據句意可知，答案選C。8.in trouble 在危險、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中 Please telephone us when you are in trouble.遇到困難時就給我們打電話。聯想拓展

have trouble(in)doing sth.做某事有困難。其中的介詞 in 在口語中通常可省略。

take(the)trouble to do sth.在這一結構中，其中的冠詞用不用均可，但含義稍有不同：用冠詞，表示不怕費事或不怕麻煩而去做某事；不用冠詞，表示盡心盡力或費盡心血而去做某事。Page No.137 go to(the)trouble to do（of doing）sth.不辭辛勞做某事/費心做某事

give sb.trouble/put sb.to trouble麻煩某人；打擾某人 have trouble with...有……病痛；同……鬧糾紛 We had no trouble(in)finding his office.我們沒費吹灰之力就找到了他的辦公室。

He took the trouble to show me the way to the station.他不嫌麻煩地為我去火車站而指路。

He went to the trouble of finding out when our train was leaving.他費心為我們打聽到了我們乘坐的火車的開車時間。I don‘t like giving trouble to people I don‘t know.我不愿意給我不認識的人添麻煩。The man often has trouble with his wife.這個男人經常與他的妻子鬧矛盾。

Page No.138 高手過招 單項填空

Even an experienced climber can

to reach the summit.(2010·河南鄭州一輪檢測)A.get into trouble

B.make trouble ask for trouble

D.take trouble over 解析：選A。句意為：即使是一個很有經驗的登山者，想要到達頂峰也有可能遇到困難。句中的can表示―有可能‖。get into trouble 陷入困境，因做某事而招致懲罰，危險等；ask for trouble 自找麻煩，自討苦吃；make trouble 引起麻煩；take trouble over sth.在某事上費心思。根據句意選A。

9.turn to

求助于；依賴；翻到；詢問

We have to turn to some bigger companies for technical help.我們不得不向一些更大的公司尋求技術援助。Page No.139 聯想拓展

turn against背叛

turn down（音量）關??；拒絕 turn in上交

turn...into...(使……)成為……

turn off關掉(水源、煤氣、電燈等)；避開(問題等)turn on打開(水、煤氣、電燈、無線電等)turn over(使)打翻/翻身/翻動/翻耕(土地)/轉危為安 turn up開大；出現；找到 by turns輪流；交替 in turn依次；輪流

turn out證明是；結果是

Nobody will turn against his country.沒有人會背叛自己的國家。Page No.140 Please turn down the television.請把電視機的音量調小點兒。

He turned down my suggestion without hesitation.他毫不猶豫地拒絕了我的建議。

The child picked up a purse and turned it in to the policeman.那個孩子撿到了一個錢包，然后把它交給了警察。The farmers are turning waste land into rice fields.農民們正把荒地變成肥沃的田地。

Don't forget to turn all the lights off before you go to bed.在你上床之前，不要忘記把所有的燈都關上。

The man turned over and went to sleep again when the telephone rang.當電話鈴響的時候，那個人翻了個身，又睡著了。Page No.141 高手過招(1)單項填空 ①In the new city there wasn‘t a single person

the poor boy could turn for help.(2010·遼寧本溪月考)A.that

B.who C.from whom

D.to whom ②We had a good many anxious moments, but everything

all right in the end.(2010·江蘇南京一輪)A.turned down

B.turned on C.turned out

D.turned to(1)①解析：選D。turn to sb.for help為固定搭配，意思是―求助于‖某人。②解析：選C。turn out 在句中的意思是―變得；證明是；結果是‖，為連系動詞；turn down調低；拒絕；turn on打開；turn to參考；轉向；求助于。Page No.142(2)用與turn搭配的適當介詞填空（原創）①The key you lost has turned

.②Nothing could make the brave man turn

his motherland.③Don't rush.Please wait in line and get on the bus

turn.④He asked his teacher to give him the chance one more time but his teacher turned him

.⑤Be sure to turn the lights

when you leave the classroom.(2)①up ②against ③in ④down ⑤off 10.lose heart 喪失勇氣或信心

He failed many times, but he didn‘t lose heart.他失敗了許多次，但他并沒有失去信心。No matter what you do, never lose heart.不管你做什么，千萬不要失去信心。Page No.143 lose one‘s job失業

lose one‘s balance失去平衡 lose one‘s breath上氣不接下氣 lose one‘s heart(to sb./sth.)愛上 lose one‘s life喪生;遇害 lose face丟臉;受屈辱 lose hope失去希望 高手過招 翻譯句子 ①不要失去信心，一切都會好起來的。

②她喜歡上了一位年輕士兵。①Don‘t lose heart, all will turn out well.②She lost her heart to a young soldier.Page No.144 重點句型

11....only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.……只有到這個時候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。

only 修飾的時間、條件、方式狀語等放在句首時，主句要用部分倒裝。Only then did she realize she had made mistakes.直到那時她才意識到她所犯的錯誤。Only when he came back did I go to bed.當他回來的時候，我才上床睡覺。溫馨提示

only 放在句首修飾狀語時，主句部分要倒裝，修飾主語、賓語時，則不倒裝。Only you understand me.只有你了解我。

Page No.145 高手過招 單項填空 I failed in the final examination last term and only then

the importance of studies.(2010·山東青島二中月考)A.I realized

B.I had realized C.had I realized

D.did I realize 解析：選D。only then位于句首時句子用倒裝結構，realize的動作在fail之后發生，故選過去時。

12.He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.他在午餐后的休息時間以及晚上本來該睡覺的時間教我們學習。should have done 本應該做某事（但實際上并沒有做）/對過去已發生的事情的推測。ought to= should 但在語氣上比should要強。Page No.146 溫馨提示

情態動詞+have done的用法小結：

must+have done 表示對過去情況的推測，只用于肯定句中，意為―一定……‖，其否定的意義用can‘t+have done表示。

can/could have done 對過去已發生的情況的推測，用于疑問句或否定句中。could+have done本來有能力做而實際上沒有做 needn‘t+have done本來不必做的事，實際上卻做了 might have done本來可以做而實際上未做。may(might)+have done表示對過去的推測，多用在陳述句，意為―也許；可能……‖。用might 比用 may 語氣更加委婉。

would+have done 用于虛擬條件句中，表示與過去事實相反。He ought not to have taken the old clothes away.他不該把舊衣服帶走。（事實上已帶走。）The street is wet.It must have rained last night.路面是濕的，昨天晚上肯定下雨了。Page No.147 If I could have stopped, there wouldn‘t have been an accident.如果我能夠停下來，事故就不會發生了。I needn‘t have gone to the office yesterday.昨天我沒必要去辦公室。

Please don‘t do that.You might both have been caught and killed!請不要那樣做。你們倆很有可能被抓住然后被殺掉！

易混辨析

should/ought to ①兩者均有―應該‖之意，should多表示說話人主觀建議，ought to多表示道義和責任。Doctors and nurses should take good care of patients.醫生和護士應該仔細照顧病人。You shouldn‘t drink and drive.你不該喝了酒還開車。Page No.148 You ought to be blushed at your conduct.你應該為你自己的行為感到羞愧。②兩者均可表示預測，意為―應該會，可能‖。We should/ought to arrive there before dark.我們應該會在天黑前到達那里。

It‘s twelve o‘clock now.She should/ought to have already got there.現在已經12點了。她應該已經到那里了。聯想拓展

should的其他用法： ①虛擬從句中，表示―假如；萬一‖；

If you should change your mind, do let we know.如果你想要改變主意，讓我們知道。

In case you should need any help, here is my number.假如你需要任何幫助，給我打電話，這是我的電話號碼。Page No.149 ②應該，必須

She recommended that/she(should)take some time off.她建設應該休假。③表示驚訝，遺憾。

It‘s strange that she should have done such a thing.她能做好這樣的事情，真讓人覺得奇怪。

高手過招 單項填空 ①—I missed the first part of the film.It was really a pity.—You

home half an hour earlier.(2010·福建廈門一輪檢測)A.should have left

B.must have left C.should leave

D.must leave ②—Do you think he is lazy? —I

so once, but I don‘t now.(2010·浙江杭州一輪檢測)A.may have thought

B.can have thought C.may think

D.might think Page No.150 ①解析：選A。第一句句意為：我錯過了這部電影的第一部分，真遺憾。根據第一句，答句的句意應為：你本應該提前半小時出家門。故選A。②解析：選A。從答語可知，空格處的意思是―曾經這樣想過‖，即對過去情況作推測，故應用―情態動詞＋動詞完成時‖；又因為 can 表推測時不用于肯定句中，故選A。Page No.151 必修Page No.152 Unit 1 Cultural relics Page No.153 核心單詞 1.survive

vi.生還，幸存；流傳下來;幸免

vt.經歷……而幸存；比……活的時間長 常用結構：

survive on sth.靠……生存（意思等同于live on sth.）survive sb.(by...)

比某人多活…… Page No.154 Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived.在這次撞車事故受傷的6個人中，只有2個人活了下來。I can‘t survive on $20 a week.每周20美元無法維持我的生活。

Few buildings in Beichuan County survived the big earthquake on May 12, 2008.在2008年5月12日的大地震中，北川縣殘留的建筑物寥寥無幾。She survived her husband by ten years.她丈夫去世后她又活了10年。聯想拓展

survival n.存活，幸存；殘存；遺留；舊風俗 survivor n.生還者，幸存者 Page No.155 高手過招

完成句子

（原創）①The old couple

從戰爭中幸存下來）.②His only chance of

（生存）was a heart transplant.③In the terrible accident, there were no

（幸存者）.答案：①survived the war ②survival ③survivors Page No.156 2.select vt.挑選；選擇 易混辨析

select/choose/elect/pick out 四個詞均含有―選譯‖之意。

select強調在廣泛的范圍內進行―精選或淘汰‖，側重以客觀為標準進行選擇。choose為普通用詞，側重根據個人意愿和判斷從眾多的對象中進行選擇，著重指被選者的優點。

elect指按照一定的規章和法律，用投票方式進行的慎重的選擇。

pick out為口語用詞，強調―從個人角度在眾多事物之中進行挑選‖，有時含有―任意選擇‖的意思。

Page No.157 高手過招

選詞填空（select/choose/elect/pick)①Please

a good book for me.②She

a diamond ring from the collection.③We

our monitor by a show of hands.④She

the red sweater rather than the pink one.答案：①pick ②selected ③elected ④chose Page No.158 3.design n.設計；圖案；構思 vt.設計；計劃；構思 常用結構：

by design=on purpose

有意地，故意地

be designed to do...目的是做……；被打算做…… be designed for...為……而打算／設計 I like the design of that rug.我喜歡那塊地毯的圖案。

A new highway between the two cities is being designed.這兩個城市之間的一條新高速公路正在設計中。The experiment is designed to test the new drug.實驗的目的是測試新的藥品。

The house are specially designed for the old people.這些房子是專門為老年人設計的。Page No.159 高手過招 單項填空

I like the television programme

educate not merely entertain.（2009·12·山東青州模塊檢測）

A.designed to

B.designed for C.is designed to

D.is designed for 解析：選A。be designed to do...為固定搭配，意為―目的是‖，為過去分詞短語在句中作后置定語，修飾名詞programme。B、D兩項be designed for中for為介詞,后面需接v.-ing形式或名詞,故排除。Page No.160 4.fancy adj.奇特的；異樣的 vt.想象；設想；愛好 n.想象力；幻想；愛好 常用結構：

fancy that...以為是…… fancy oneself

自負，自命不凡 fancy(doing)sth.喜歡，想要（做）某事 fancy 用于感嘆句中時表示―沒想到，竟然‖。My sister likes to collect fancy clothes.我姐姐喜歡搜集奇裝異服。

I used to fancy what I would like wearing a long snow-like dress.過去我常常想象自己穿著雪白長裙的模樣。

Children usually have a lively fancy.Page No.161 孩子們往往擁有豐富的想象力。Many students fancy playing football.很多學生喜歡踢足球。

Fancy meeting you here！真沒想到會在這兒遇到你！I fancy(that)it‘s going to rain today.我看今天要下雨。答案： ①to say→saying ②to go→going Page No.162 5.consider vt.考慮；認為 常用結構：

consider doing sth./sth.考慮做某事

consider sb./sth.as/to be...認為；以為；覺得 consider it+adj.+to do sth...認為做某事是…… We are considering going to Canada.我們正考慮到加拿大去。

We consider this(to be)very important.我們認為這非常重要。聯想拓展

consideration n.考慮；關心

considering prep.考慮到；就……而言 take sth.into consideration

考慮(某事)Considering her age, she has done very well.考慮到她的年紀，她已經做得非常好了。

Page No.163 高手過招(1)單項填空

Charlie Chaplin is

to be one of the greatest actors in the world.（2009·02·湖北武漢一中質量檢測）A.Regarded

B.believed C.thought

D.considered

(2)翻譯句子

（原創）①你是否考慮過如何到達那里? ②他會被認為是個軟弱無能的領導人。

解析：(1)選D?？疾樵~義辨析。think, regard, consider都有―看作‖的意思，然而搭配不同。think一般與of搭配，形成think of...；regard與as搭配，形成regard...as;consider可以與as搭配，形成consider...as，也可以跟不定式,形成consider sb.to do sth.的搭配。(2)①Have you considered how to get there? ②He will be considered a weak leader.Page No.164 6.worth adj.值得（做某事）;有（做某事）的價值 n.價值;用處

be worth doing sth.值得（做某事）；有（做某事）的價值

be worth sth.用于―數量、持續時間等‖的名詞之后，表示某物價值多少金額。The new car cost a lot of money, but it‘s certainly worth it.買這輛新汽車花了很多錢, 但確實物有所值。

The thieves stole one million pounds worth of jewellery.竊賊偷走了價值100萬英鎊的珠寶。Page No.165 易混辨析

worth/worthy/worthwhile ―be worth+n.‖結構中，當名詞為金錢時，表示―……值……錢‖。be worth doing sth.……某事值得被做

―be worthy of+n./doing‖當名詞為抽象名詞時，表示 ―……值得……‖。be worthy to be done/be worthy of being done 某事值得被做

It is worthwhile to do sth.值得做某事 It is worthwhile doing sth.值得去做某事 It is worthwhile for sb.to do/doing sth.值得某人去做某事

The article is worthy of careful study.=The article is worth studying carefully.=The article is worthy of being studied carefully.=The article is worthy to be studied carefully.這篇文章值得仔細學習。Page No.166 高手過招 單項填空 ①This book is worthy of

twice.（2009·12·江蘇南京月考）A.Reading

B.read C.having read

D.being read ②He is well skilled

playing the piano, so his music is worth

.（2009·12·山東煙臺模塊檢測）A.with;listening

B.with;listening to C.in;listening

D.in;listening to Page No.167 解析： ①選D。be worthy 后可以用不定式的被動語態或of being done結構，而worth后用動名詞的主動語態表達被動概念。②選D。be skilled in也可以用be skilled at后跟名詞或動名詞表示，意思是―在……方面熟練的；在……方面有能力的‖。worth意思是―值得‖,后跟動名詞的主動語態表達被動概念。在句中，music作listen to的邏輯賓語，而listen為不及物動詞，因此to不可以去掉。Page No.168 7.wonder n.[C] 奇跡；奇觀；[U]驚奇,驚嘆 vt.想知道；對……感到好奇 常用結構：

in wonder

驚奇地 do/work wonders

創造奇跡

be wonder at

對……感到驚訝 be wonder about

想弄明白；琢磨 It is a wonder(that)...奇怪的是……

第四篇：英語家教語法

語法（5）

定語從句

一、概念:He is the boywhooften goes to school late.先行詞關系詞定語從句

二、關系詞：關系代詞that, which, who(whom, whose)

關系副詞where, when, why

三、關系代詞引導的定語從句：

○一般情況下，當先行詞指人時，用that, who或whom引導

當先行詞指物時，只能用which

○只用that 不用which：

1.先行詞為形容詞最高級所修飾： This is the longest bridge that I have ever seen.2.先行詞為序數詞所修飾：This is the first composition that he has ever written in English.3.先行詞有人有物：They talked of things and persons that happened in the school.4.主句是who或which開頭的特殊疑問句中的定語從句

Who is the man that came this morning?

Which is the bag that you lost?

5.先行詞為the only, the very, the last, the same所修飾的定語從句

He is the very person that the police are looking for.This is the only thing that I can remember.6.先行詞是everything, nothing, something, all, little, much, everybody等不定代詞

Tell us everything that you know, please.Is there anything that you don’t understand?

7.先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much修飾時

All that glitters is not gold.I’ve read all the books that you gave me.○只用which 不用that：

1.關系代詞前有介詞時：

This is the house in which Tom once lived.這是湯姆曾經住過的房子。

2.在非限定性定語從句(常用，與主句隔開，如果去掉逗號，整個句子仍能表達完整的意義)They are talking about the TV play, which they saw last night.注意：①關系代詞在從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞用單數還是復數應由先行詞決定。

The man who lives downstairs speaks English well.The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.② 當關系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時，往往可以省略。

Mrs.Smith(whom)you met yesterday is a friend of mine.This is the book(which)you are looking for.There are some films(that)I’d like to see.③ 口語中作為賓語的關系代詞whom也可用who，且也可以省略。

The man(whom / who)you were talking about has come to our school.④關系代詞在從句中作介詞賓語時，介詞可以放在whom, which之前（不可放在that之前）

The man(whom)I borrowed the book from is Li Lei.→ The man from whom I borrowed the book is Li Lei.The house(which)he lives in is quite large?！?The house in which he lives is quite large.應注意，如果介詞位于關系代詞之前，關系代詞不可省略。

若定語從句中謂語動詞是固定搭配的詞組，則其后的介詞或副詞不可前移至關系代詞之前。

The dictionary which you are looking for is on the desk.你在尋找的那本詞典在桌子上。

The sick man whom she is taking care of is her farther.她在照顧的病人是她父親。

○whose: 誰的表示所屬關系 后面緊跟名詞 可指人指物

Do you know the girl whose name is Lily?

指物時，whose= of which

The novel whose title is red and black is intersting= the title of which

四、關系副詞引導的定語從句：

當引導詞在句中作狀語時，應用適當的關系副詞。

表示時間用when，表示地點用where，表示原因用why。=“介詞 + 關系代詞”形式。

○定語從句中的謂語動詞（該動詞是不及物動詞）習慣上常與什么介詞搭配使用

In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ________ she could turn for help.A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom

構成固定短語“turn to sb.for help(向某人求助）”D

The hotel where/at which the visitors are staying is very expensive.○ why: 引導限定性定語從句修飾先行詞reason，在定語從句中充當原因狀語。

I don’t know the reason why he came so late.我不知道他來得那么晚的原因。

That is the reason why I don’t want to go.那就是我不想去的理由。

【練習】

1.Mr.Li is an English teacher ______ loved playing soccer.A.whoB.whomC.heD.which

2.We called the man ________ had promised to help us.A.heB.thatC.whomD.which

3.The coat _______ he is wearing today was bought by his aunt.A.whatB.whereC.whoD.that

4.The place _______ he works is in the factory.A.thatB.whichC.in whichD.in where

5.That's the most beautiful place ______ I have ever __________.A.where;visitedB.that;visitC.where;visitD.that;visited

6.I don't know the boy ________________.A.whom you often talkB.you often talk with

C.with who you often talkD.that you often talk

7.Look!The boy ______ name is Simon is playing soccer with his friends.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.whom

8.All ______ they have done is good for us.A.whatB.whichC.whyD.that

9.I want to go to some places ________ it's cool in summer.A.thoseB.whichC.whereD.this

10.Saturday is the day _______ people can have a rest.A.thatB.at whichC.on whichD.on that

11.She is new here, there are no friends ______ she can ______ turn for help in the city.A.whomB.to whomC.whichD.to which

12.He is one of the boys ________ basketball well.A.whom playB.whom playsC.who playD.who plays

13.The fence in our garden, _______ my father built many years ago, has lasted for a long time.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where

14.I'll remember the time ______ we spent together in the country.A.thatB.whenC.during whichD.at which

15.I don’t believe the reason _______ he has given for his being late.A.whyB.thatC.howD.what

16.There are two caps on the table, _______ belongs to Tom.A.the smaller of which B.the small of which C.the smaller of them D.the small one

17.My brother had become a doctor, ______ was what he wanted to be.A.whoB.whatC.thatD.which

18.There is a mountain _______ the top is always covered with snow.A.whoseB.of whichC.it'sD.that

19.Is there a post office around ______ I can get some stamps?

A.whichB.whatC.whereD.that

20.He talked happily about the man and books _______ interested him greatly in the school.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.when

21.There isn't a dictionary _______ you can find everything.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.in that

22.He wanted to know the time ________ he needed to know.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.what

23.Lucy's pet cat died, _______ made her very sad.A.asB.whichC.thatD.whose

24.This is one of the best films ________ this year.A.have been showB.that have shown

C.that have been shownD.which has been shown

25.Is _______ some foreigners visited last week?

A.this factoryB.this the factoryC.this factory one D.the factory where

26.I'll give you ______ he gave me last week.A.all whichB.all whatC.that allD.all

27.I'll never forget the day ________ I joined the army.A.whereB.whenC.whyD.that

28.That is the reason ________ he didn't come to your birthday.A.whyB.thatC.whichD.when

29.The doctor ________ we met at the gate works in the nearby hospital.A./B.whoC.whichD.he

30.His book is not the only thing _______ has been stolen.A.thatB./C.whichD.who

參考答案

1.A先行詞teacher 指人，關系代詞who在定語從句中作主語。B中whom只能作賓語；C中he不可以作定語從句引導詞；D中which引導定語從句時，先行詞應為物；故選A是正確的。

2.B先行詞the man指人，關系代詞that在定語從句中作主語。C中whom只能作賓語；A中he不可以作定語從句引導詞；D中which引導定語從句時，先行詞應為物；故選A是正確的。故選B。

3.D先行詞the coat指物，關系代詞that在定語從句中作wearing的賓語。What, it, this均不做引導詞引導定語從句。因此選D是正確的。

4.C先行詞the place，關系代詞in which在定語從句中作地點狀語，相當于where。He是定語從句的主語，work是不及物動詞，不帶賓語，因此A，B不正確。副詞不可作介詞的賓語，D選項不正確。故選C是正確的。

5.D先行詞是place, 關系代詞that在定語從句中作visited 的賓語。句子的后半部分為現在完成時。定語從句中visit需要一個賓語，因此A，C可排除。Visit前有have ever，可以判斷出是現在完成時，B選項中visit沒有用現在完成時。選D是正確的。

6.B先行詞為the boy指人，關系代詞who/ that作talk with的賓語, 可以省略。Talk為不及物動詞，A，D選項不正確；who 不作介詞賓語，C選項可排除；故選B。

7.B先行詞the boy 指人，關系代詞whose在定語從句中作定語。What, which, whom不能作定語。故選B。

8.D 先行詞all是不定代詞，關系代詞that在定語從句中作done的賓語。當先行詞為不定代詞且指物時，引導定語從句的關系代詞只能是that.故選D。

9.C 先行詞是some places, 表示地點。關系副詞where在定語從句中作地點狀語。Those, this 不引導定語從句。Which是關系代詞。因此，只能選C。

10.C 先行詞是the day，表示時間。On which等于where在定語從句中作時間狀語。因此，A，D不符合要求。在具體到某一天時，我們一般用介詞on而不用at，所以B也不合適。只可以選C。

11.B先行詞是friends, 指人。關系代詞whom在定語從句中作turn to 的賓語。選項C，D不可以代指人，turn to sb.for help 向某人求助, A不符合要求。故選B。

12.C先行詞是the boys, 關系代詞who在定語從句中作主語。關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致。選項A，B中whom不可以在定語從句中作主語，D中數與先行詞不一致。故選C。

13.B這是一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞是the fence, 關系代詞在定語從句中作賓語。That不引導非限制性定語從句，不可以選A。where 不能在定語從句中作賓語。What不引導定語從句。故選B。

14.A先行詞是the time, 關系代詞在定語從句中用spent的賓語。Spent是及物動詞，可以直接帶賓語，不需用介詞。因此，B，C，D不符合要求。選A。

15.B先行詞是the reason, 關系代詞that在定語從句中作given的賓語。Why不能作賓語，how, what不引導定語從句。故選B。

16.A這是一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞是two caps, 關系代詞which在定語從句中作主語。C，D不是定語從句，指兩個中較小的那個，應用形容詞的比較級。故選A。

17.D這是一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞是doctor, 在本句中指職業。關系代詞在定語從句中作主語。Who引導的定語從句先行詞指人，that不用于非限制定語從句。What 不用于引導定語從句。故選D。

18.B先行詞是mountain, of which等于where, 在定語從句中作地點狀語。Whose, that在定語從句中不作狀語，it's不引導定語從句。故選B。

19.C先行詞是post office, 關系副詞where在定語從句中作地點狀語。Which, that不能在定語從句中作地點狀語，what不引導定語從句。故選C。

20.B先行詞是the man and books，既有人又有物。關系代詞that在定語從句中作主語。當先行詞既有人又有物時，只能用that引導定語從句。故選B。

21.C先行詞是a dictionary, 關系副詞where在定語從句中作狀語。That, which在定語從句中不作狀語。That在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，介詞不可以放在它的前面。故選C。

22.A先行詞是the time, 關系代詞that在定語從句中作know的賓語。When, where在定語從句中不作賓語，what不引導定語從句。故選A。

第五篇：外研社八年級英語上冊語法總結

外研版八年級上冊英語復習資料 Module1 復習資料.give you some advice給你一些建議(advice 不可數名詞)2.講…語(speak +語言)

3.tell sb.about sth.告訴某人關于某事 4.talk to sb.對某人談話

5.read+文字類物;look與at 連用, have a look 3.how(what)about doing sth 做什么怎么樣

4.ask(sb.)for sth.請求某人獲得……

6.have a message(短信,信息)for sb.有某人的信息

/ give sb.a message給某人一條信息 / take a message for sb.捎某人一個口信 leave a message for sb.給某人留個口信

7.help sb with sth=help sb.to do sth.在某方面幫某人 8.translate sth.into sth.把……翻譯成……

9.send sth to sb=send sb.sth.把某物寄(送)給某人

10.match sth.with sth.把某物與某物搭配

11.不定代詞,疑問副詞(something, nothing, anything, everything,what)接else表其他某物

12.enjoy(doing)sth 享受(做)某事

13.take a long time 花很長一段時間

11.the meaning ofsth.某物的意思 enjoy oneself =have a good time 過得開心lots of sth.=a lot of sth.許多start a conversation 開始談話take a deep breath 深呼吸一下a piece of paper一張紙 best wishes給予最好的祝愿 the number of sth.某物的數量(后接動詞單數)20.a number of sth.許多某物(后接動詞復數)21.show / take sb around 帶某人參觀 22.write down sth.寫下 23.make mistakes 犯錯

24.do some concerts開音樂會 25.on the Internet 在網上 26.a good idea 一個好主意 27.a pen friend 一個筆友

28.school orchestra 學校管弦樂隊

29.in groups 分組

30.each other 各自

31.first of all= at first 首先

32.what else 還有其他什么 33.a piece of advice 一條建議

34.borrow sth.from sb.從某人借入某物 lend sth.to sb.借某物給某人

35.basic questions 基本的問題

36.welcome back 歡迎回來

37.in class 在課堂上 38.next to 緊鄰著……

39.listen to sth./ sb.hear sth./ sb.40.everyday adj.平常的,日常的 every day 每天 51.count the English words 數英語單詞

help sb.with sth.幫助某人做某事=help sb.(to)do sth.幫助某人做某事 41make you shy 使你害羞 make sb.+ adj.make sb.do sth.43 make a list 列個清單

44.the best way to do sth.做……的最好方法

45.make friends 結交朋友

46think about sth./ doing sth.考慮, think of sth./ doing sth.想出

a new term 一個新學期

49.in your notebook 在筆記本里

read a newspaper看報紙

64.say hello to sb.向某人問好/問候 52.start a club創建一個俱樂部

53.what else還有什么嗎

54.thank you for doing sth./sth.=thanks for doing sth./ sth.為......向你表感謝 55.It takes +時間 / 金錢+to do sth.做某事花費多少時間或金錢

56.practise(doing)sth.練習(做)某事

57.be good at(doing)sth.擅長于(做)某事

58.a piece of paper一張紙,紙不可數

59.always放系動詞后,實意動詞之前=all the time放句末(一直 ,總是)60.be good for(doing)sth.對(做)某事有好處的61.It is + adj.(形容詞)+ to do sth.做某事是怎么樣的 62.look for sth..尋找 某物

63.show / take sb.around 帶領某人參觀 65.for example 例如

smile at sb.向某人笑

hear from sb.= get a letter from sb.收到某人的來信, hear of sb./ sth.聽說某人或某物hear about sb./ sth.聽說關于某人或某物 建議句型: You should(not)do(原形)sth.你應 該(不)做…… Why don't you do(原形)sth.=Why not(原形)do sth.你為什么不做… / 為什么不做… How about doing sth.= What about doing sth.做……怎么樣It's a good idea to do(原形)sth.做某事是一個好主意 半功try to do(原形)sth.試圖做某事try not to do(原形)sht.試圖不做某事 7.remember to do(原形)sth.記得做某事

8.Don't forget to do(原形)sth.不要忘記做某事

9.It is a good way to do(原形)sth.做某事是一個好方法/方式.Module2復習資料

by plane= take a plane fly to + 地方=take the plane to + 地方=go to + 地方by plane.1.travel around the world環游世界on TV 在電視上 invite sb to do sth 邀請某人去做某事the price of sth.某物的價格all over 遍及

6take off 起飛 land著陸Spring Festival 春節

8write about sth.寫關于…… 9 western food 西餐

10a fantastic experience 一次奇妙的經歷

11more than =over 超過give concerts 開音樂會 enter(=take part in)a competition 參加競賽sell out 賣光 sound brilliant sound+ adj.形容詞 聽起來好極了taste delicious taste + adj.形容詞 嘗起來美味的 18what kind of… 什么的種類…… 19what's the price of …什么的價格……

20have / has been to+地方 去過某地(已回來)21a wonderful experience 一次極好的經歷 22have a wonderful time 過得開心

23come true 實現 in newspaper 在報紙里 25 roast duck 烤鴨take photos 拍照the Great Wall 長城 29 Beijing Opera 京劇

30cook dinner煮飯

play the piano 彈鋼琴

32.cabin steward 客艙乘務員

have / has gone to +地方 去了某地(還沒回來)35.again and again 一次又一次

36.stay with sb.與某人呆在一起

37.dream(v.)of / about+名詞/ 代詞或動名詞: 夢想關于

also,too 也 also放于句中,too放于句末

38.anywhere 用于否定或疑問句 哪些地方

39.be / go abroad 在/ 去外國 40.try to do sth.盡力去做某事

41.Chinese musician 中國音樂家

42.How many times…多少次…… 43.the first prize 第一份獎品

44.look at sth.看某物

45.Italian food意大利食品

46.one of the boys 其中的男孩之一(后用動詞單數)one of sth.某屋之一 47.the first prize 一等獎

48.have / has been in+地方 在某地住了(多久)49.It is + a / an + adj.+ n.+ to do sth.做某事是怎么樣的.at the end = finally= at last

another+名詞單數(三者中)另一個…One …the other… 一個…另一個… do sth.better更好地做某事

現在完成時里副詞用法:ever為副詞=at any time 在任何時候,曾經,常用于疑問句,否定句,比較狀語從句以及條件狀語從句;never為副詞,絕不,從來沒有, 用于情態動詞,助動詞,be動詞之后或實義動詞之前;以前before用于陳述句和疑問句中,放在句末;yet用于否定句,有時可用于一般疑問句,放于句末;already已經一般用于肯定句中 句型: Have / Has sb.ever done sth.Have / Has sb.done sth.yet Sb.have / has done sth.yet.Sb.have / has already done sth.Sb.have / has been to +地方

Sb.have / has gone to +地方 Sb.have / has done sth.before.Sb.have / has never done sth.規則動詞的過去分詞變化與過去式一樣,要求掌握的不規則動詞現在完成時變化,參見課本199和200頁.Module3復習資料

What are you up to = What are you doing 你正在做什么

What do you reckon 你認為怎么樣

Don't panic!別緊張!Make a model 做一個模型 In space 在太空

On the space station 在太空站上 The latest news最新的新聞 solar system 太陽系

space shuttle = spacecraft太空飛船 10.a small part of… ……的一小部分 11.so far 到目前為止

12.speak to 對…說

13.hear about 聽說關于…… 14.millions of 數以百萬 15.go around 圍繞……轉

16.at night 在晚上

17.finish doing… 完成做…… 18.as good as…與……一樣好

19.write back 寫回 / 回信

20.send … to… 發送…… 21.in the universe 在宇宙

22.in my life 在我的生命里

23.none of sb./sth.(沒有)接謂語動詞單數形式

24.on earth 在地球上

25.no one(沒有人)接謂語動詞單數形式

26.so… that 太……而…….28.several months幾個月 29.on business 出差

30.discover life 發現生命

31.bring … back 帶……回來

34.an environment with air 有空氣的環境

35.200 billion 兩千億

36.beyond the solar system 遠離太陽系 discover sth.find sth.38.give us a break 別再煩我們了

show sth.to sb.= show sb.sth.bring sb.sth.=bring sth.to sb.give sb.sth.=give sth.to sb.lend sb.sth.= lend sth.to sb.pass sb.sth.= pass sth.to sb.write sb.sth.=write sth.to sb.tell sb.sth.=tell sth.to sb.teach sb.sth.= teach sth.sb.buy sb.sth.= buy sth.for sb.show sb.around

bring sb.sth.= bring sth.to sb.take sth.to sb.have / has gone to +地方

arrive at / in = get to= reach

(yet用于現在完成時否定和疑問,放句末.already用于現在完成時的肯定,放于句中.just ,by this time, ever ,never ,before, several times ,since ,up to now ,so far ,recently ,lately ,for a long time)however然而,放于句子開頭

there have / has been;there will be=there is / are going to be;find / find out / look for sth.+ cost+sb.+ money sb.pay money for sth.sb.spend meney on sth./ in doing sth.It takes sb.some time to do sth.prefer +n./ doing sth.to n./ doing sth.比起…,更喜歡… prefer to do … rather than do… 寧愿做…而不愿做… in the past 在過去 How long

alone副詞修飾行為動詞, lonely形容詞修飾名詞

each of + 名詞復數接謂語動詞單數,each+名詞單數接謂語動詞單數 Module4復習資料 1.take part in參加

2.get on well with 與……相處融洽 3.hear about 聽說關于

4hear of聽說……

5drop out of school 綴學look after =take care of 照顧 7raise sth.籌集某物pay for支付 9how long 多久

10Project Hope希望工程 11head teacher校長;班主任

12with the help of =with one's help 在……的幫助下 13 because of由于…… 14 thousands of數以千計

15an eight—year —old boy==an eight years old boy一個八歲的男孩 16in the last(past)+數字+年份在過去的某年里

18stop doing sth停止做某事

19.get an education接受教育 20in the countryside 在鄉下

21train teachers訓練/培訓教師

22with no electricity= without electricity 沒有電 23.But(但是,后接表轉折的句子)24.I like English but I don't like Chinese.25.so(因此,后接結果的句子)

on earth究竟,到底 on the earth在地球上 for + 表示一段時間的短語;since + 表示過去時間點的短語;since +表示過去的時間狀語從句;since+一段時間+ago It + 形容詞+to do sth.get on / along with sb./ sth.和某人相處…… / 某事進展 In fact

all over China teach sb.sth.a little , little;a few, few in the last / past +時間 Sb.pay money for sth.because of +名詞,名詞短語 因為… because+接一個從句 So far 具體數字+hundred, thousand, million, billion;hundreds of , thousands of , millions of, billions of

and 用于肯定的陳述句中;

or或者用于否定的列舉;but但是表示轉折

句型:How long have / has sb.done(持續性動詞過去分詞)sth.三副詞近義:perhaps“大概,或許”放于句子開頭probably“大概”放于be,行為動詞前,情態動詞后;, maybe“也許”放于句子開頭 be in good health=healthy

be in bad health It is important to do sth.Sb.stop doing sth.Module5復習資料 1.on earth到底

2.of course 當然

3.school orchestra 學校管弦樂隊

4.pop music 流行音樂

5.classical music 古典音樂

6.rap music 說唱音樂 7.Beijing Opera 京劇

8.at the age of 在……歲時

9.make records 制作唱片

10.in addition to 除……以外

11.not only …but also … 不但……而且…… 12.be famous for 因……而著名

13.Play the drums / guitar / organ / piano / trumpet / violin 14.be born …….出生

15.now and then 從現在起 16.the capital city 省會

lively , living elder, older

17.the centre of 中心……

18.Who is it by 這是誰創作的Of course= sure= certainly 19.a fan 一個愛好者

20.hundreds of 數以百計

part-time full-time

21.show / take sb.around 帶某人四處參觀

22.the rest of the world 世界的剩余部分

23.translate … into…把……翻譯成…..24.tell sb sth.告訴某人某事;tell sb.(not)to do sth.告訴某人(不)去做某事;tell sb.about sth.告訴某人關于某事 25.wait for a moment 等一會

26.be interested in sth./ doing sth.對……感興趣 27.Hope Schools 希望學校

28.sb.was / were doing sth.+ when + sb.did sth.當某人做……的時候,某人正在做什么.29.a bookshop 一個書店

30.sit beside 坐在旁邊

31.cheer for為……喝彩

32.Sth.costs(sb).some money…物花了某人……錢.句型:反意義疑問句 前面陳述肯定,后用否定簡單問句;前面陳述否定,后用肯定簡單問句.回答肯定的就肯定,回答否定的就否定.特殊反意義疑問句快速記憶: 1.陳述部分主謂語是I am …時,反意疑問句用aren't I,而不是am not I.2.當主語是指示代詞this或that時,反意疑問句的主語用it,當陳述部分的主語是指示代詞these或those時,其反意疑問句的主語用they.3.當主語是不定代詞one時,反意疑問句的主語可用one,也可用you(美式英語用he).4.當have/has不是表示“有”的意思,并在句中做謂語時,其反意疑問句的助動詞要用do,does,did.5.陳述部分有have to時,其反意疑問句要用助動詞的否定形式.6.陳述部分是there be句型時,反意疑問句中要用there.7.陳述部分含I think(believe,suppose…)that…結構時,其反意疑問句須與從句的主謂語保持一致,注意主句的主語必須是第一人稱.8.陳述部分主語是動名詞,從句,不定式短語形式時,反意疑問句的主語應該用it.9.陳述部分含有few,little,hardly,never,not,no,no one,nobody,nothing,none等這些表示否定意義的詞時,其反意疑問句需用肯定結構.10.陳述部分的主語是everything,nothing,anything或something時,反意疑問句的主語應用代詞it.11.當主語是everybody,everyone,anybody,anyone,somebody,someone,nobody,no one,none,neither時,反意疑問句的主語要用復數代詞they.12.祈使句一般加上will you或won't you構成反意疑問句;用will you多表示“請求”,用won't you多表示提醒對方注意.如:Let引導的祈使句有兩種情況:(1)Let's后的反意疑問句用shall we.(2)Let us/me…后的反意疑問句用will you或won't you.13.感嘆句后加反意疑問句時,其反意疑問句需用be的一般現在時的否定形式.14.含否定意義的詞在陳述部分做動詞的賓語時,反意疑問句可用肯定結構,也可用否定結構.Module6復習資料

1.How is it going =How are you 你好嗎

2.run past / across 跑過

3.fall down 跌落

4.go off 熄滅

5.have a party 開晚會

6.by a river 在河邊

7.a big storm 一場大暴風雨

8.smile at 向……微笑 9.all kinds of 所有種類

10.out of breath 上氣不接下氣 11.get tired 感到疲倦

12.have nothing to do 沒有事情去做……/ 與……無關

get off

what … for = Why…

Fall in love with sb./sth.at noon once or twice have a party=hold a party jump out of sth.during +時間

13.think of認為, 想想

14.take …out of… 拿出…… at noon wear put on

stop doing sth.stop to do sth.15.get up 起床

16.get out 出去,滾開 17.look into 往里看

18.tea party 茶會 19.go into 進入

20.nothing strange 沒有什么奇怪的 21.…be outside …….在外面

Once 一次,從前,一旦 at once once upon a time once again take care of sb.= look after sb.be sure of / about sth.be sure to do sth.be sure 接句子

Sb./Sth.is / are doing sth.when Sb./ Sth.+do / does sth.Sb./Sth.was / were doing sth.when Sb./ Sth.+did sth.表示一個動作正在發生,另一個動作又發生了.句型:was / were doing sth.過去進行時

過去進行時常用的時間狀語:at this time, at this time, at that moment, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, 過去進行時句子+when sb.did sth., Sb.did sth.+while+過去進行時句子,at that time,(點鐘+過去時間短語,at nine o'clock last night)Module7 Unit1復習資料

1.smell delicious聞起來美味的 smell +adj.2.feel tight摸起來緊的 feel + adj.3.look strong看起來強壯的 look + adj.4.smell sour聞起來酸的 smell + adj.5.taste salty嘗起來咸的 taste + adj.6.sound quiet聽起來安靜的 sound + adj.7.make a pizza做比薩

8.have some!吃一些吧!9.What's the matter with sb.什么事 =What's wrong with sb.10.too strong氣味太濃,太強壯 too+ adj.表示太… 11.I am afraid.我害怕.be afraid of(doing)sth.12.chocolate cookies巧克力甜餅 13.have a try!試一下吧!

14.really sweet真的甜really + adj.15.much better好得多much+ 比較級

16.a lovely sweater穿一件可愛的毛衣

17.soft and comfortable軟和舒服的

18.you both你們倆,both放于行為動詞前,be動詞后.19.much food.許多食品much+ 不可數名詞;many+可數名詞復數 20.have a party開會

21.What's she like 她是怎么樣的人 或她長得如何 What does / do sb.look like 23.have a look看一看25.come back回來 26.something to eat/drink一些吃/ 喝的東西

27.introduce sb.to sb.把……介紹給…… 30.See you later.一會兒見.Module7 Unit2復習資料

thanks for sth.;thanks for doing sth.謝謝…… last message上一封信

hear from收到……的來信=get a letter from can't wait to meet you迫不及待地想見到你--can't wait to do sth.I hope to do sth./ hope + 從句…我希望…… recognize me認出我

arrive at the airport到達機場 arrive at / in +地方=get to+地方= reach+地方 quite tall挺高的 quite+形容詞:很,十分…… short fair hair金色短發 10.wear glasses戴眼鏡11.wear put on 12.Journey旅行

13.carry, take 帶一件厚外衣 14.I am sure.我肯定.15.each other對方,互相

18.spend a lot of time with school orchestra很多時間都在學校交響樂隊(訓練)spend 花費,sb.spend(s)sth.in doing sth./sb.spend(s)sth.on sth.19.dance music舞曲20.love dancing愛跳舞 love sth./ love doing sth.21.enjoy sports 喜歡運動 enjoy sth./ doing sth.22.as well還,也 = too 23.especially tennis特別是網球

24.captain of… ……的隊長

25.be proud of sb.為……而自豪/驕傲 26.work hard努力工作

27.feel stupid覺得很傻,笨

28.get bad marks取得不好的成績

29.get angry with myself生自己的氣get angry with sb.=be mad at sb.生某人的氣 31.at first首先 =first of all

32.feel a bit sad感到有點兒悲傷 a bit + 形容詞 33.a few days幾天

34.quite shy十分,相當靦腆,害羞的quite+形容詞 36.feel nervous感到緊張

37.speak Chinese說中文speak + 語言 38.do something wrong做錯事

39.help me do the right things幫助我不做錯事help sb.do sth.41.be excited about(doing)sth.42.must 必須;后接動詞原形 43.shake hands with sb.握手

44.stare at sb.盯著某人看

句型:What does / do sb.look like What is/ are / am sb.like Module8 Unit 1 復習資料

1.問路:How do I get to+地方 = Can you tell me the way to +地方 =Where is the way to +地方

到達: get to ,reach, arrive at / in

2.show me a map of Beijing給我出示一張北京地圖Show sb.sth.=show sth.to sb.4.on the left在左邊 在左邊或右邊用on on the right在右邊 8.go straight ahead一直向前走 9.be opposite+地方 在……的對面 10.I see.=know我懂了./ 我知道.12.between … and … 在……之間(表兩者之間);among用于三者或以上 13.the way to + 地方 去某地的路

15.kind of quiet.有點兒安靜kind of 有點兒+形容詞 16.go across(從表面)穿過 go through(從內部)穿過 17.turn left into轉左進入 18.turn right into轉右進入

19.I think+句子…我認為…… / I don't think +句子 20.an entrance一個入口

21.on the corner of+地方在某地的拐彎處 22.do some shopping=go shopping購物 23.ask about sth.問關于…..24.The best place最好的地方 25.go along沿著

Module8 Unit2 復習資料 1.on your right 在你的右邊

3.in the middle of+地方 在某地的中間

5.a museum with lots of famous paintings一個藏有許多畫的博物館 with , without 12.most of sth.某物的大多數

13.The best way to do sth.is +形容詞.做某事的最好方式是怎么樣.14.as you go along the river當你沿著河走時 as 在此=when;as 還有“作為”, “像”的意思

15.get on上(船,車)get off下(船,車)18.next to緊挨著, 靠近

20.take the boat back along the river.乘船沿河回去 21.go past +地方走過…

22.walk along+地方 沿著某地走 24.賣sell sb.sth.= sell sth.to sb.25.lots of許多 lots of = a lot of 28.at the square在廣場

29.結束,完成:finish sth.finish doing sth.Module8 unit3 復習資料

6.get something to eat拿一些吃的東西 7.on the wall在墻上 8.science lab科學實驗室

9.Get a guidebook拿到一本指南 Module9 Unit1復習資料

1.需要 need to do sth./need +n./ pron.2.protect sb./ sth.保護,防護某人/某物 protect sth.from sth./ doing sth.保護sth.免受sth.的傷害

5.live in +地方 住在……里

9.有with(doing)sth.;沒有without(doing)sth.10.Which animals … 哪種動物…… 11.talk about sth.談論關于…… 12.in danger處于危險中

13.Sb.be excited to do sth.做某事是激動的.14.at last最后=finally=at the end 15.know about 了解

16.think about 考慮

17.make sb.mad使某人感到極度激動的 make sb.do sth.使某人做某事 make sb.adj.使某人變得怎么樣

18.It's hard to do sth.做某事是難的.21.grow bigger發展得更大

停止某事stop sth.停止做某事stop doing sth.停下來去做某事stop to do sth.19.have no place to live in.沒有地方生活.20.The surprising thing 令人驚訝的事情.surprising 修飾物;,surprised 修飾人 22.take away帶走,拿走

24.Sth.isn't good to do sth.某物是不適宜做某事的

25.really awful.真的令人討厭.really 放于行為動詞,形容詞,定冠詞前 26.live in peace住在安寧中

27.決定(不)做某事decide(not)to do sth.28.on earth到底

29.find out 找出, 發現 33.become rare變得稀少

30.What is the matter with sb.=What is wrong with sb.某人出什么事了

31.too … to… 太……而不能……

32.too many animals太多動物too many+可數名詞復數 太多 too much + 不可數名詞

34.examples of sth.…例子 for example 例如= such as 36.I am sad / happy / sorry /to do sth.做某事令我感到悲傷/高興/抱歉/驚奇的.Module9 Unit 2復習資料 1.努力工作work hard

2.one of the animals most in danger.最危險的動物之一.One of +可數名詞復數:某物之一, 表單數后接動詞單數

3.about 1,000大約一千

4.nature reserve自然保護區.5.zoos and research centres動物園研究中心 6.look after照顧=take care of 7.Southwest China中國西南地區 8.live on 以……為食/ 生

9.each +名詞后接動詞第三人稱單數形式 每個…… 11.become smaller變得更少 12.different reasons不同原因

13.less and less 接不可數名詞fewer and fewer接可數名詞more and more 越來越多

形容詞的比較級+and+比較級:越來越…… 15.more than超過,多于=over 22.in the world在世界上

16.enough food足夠的食物enough放于名詞前,放于形容詞后 big enough 17.make a new plan 制定一個新計劃 18.grow better生長得更好 19.go back回去

20.most people大多數人

21.one of + 最高級+名詞 one of ……之一其中最…的某物之一

24.still a long way to do sth.做某事仍需走很長的路.a long way to go 路還很長,還需要努力

25.think of 想想,認為;后接動詞ing形式,或名詞 26.such as例如=for example, for instance

27.try to do sth.努力做某事28.make sure+句子 保證…… Module9 Unit 3復習資料

動詞不定式由“to+動詞原形”構成,否定形式是“not + to+ 動詞原形”, 1.It is / was + adj.形容詞 + to do sth.做某事是怎么樣的.2.We / They /are,were +adj.形容詞+ to do sth.做某事令我們感到怎么樣.3.He / She +is adj.形容詞+ to do sth.4.want to do sth.想做某事.5.It is nice of you to do sth.做某事對你來說是好的.6.invite sb.to do sth.邀請某人去做某事 7.What time … 什么時候,幾點…….8.half past four4點半

9.let sb.do sth.讓某人做某事.10.make sb.do sth.使某人做某事.11.make sb.+ adj.使某人變得…… 12.show sb.sth.=show sth.to sb.展示, 出示…… 13.stop doing sth.停止做某事 14.stop to do sth.停下來去做某事 15.tell sb.sth.=tell sth.to sb.告訴…… 16.tell sb.(not)to do sth.告訴某人做某事 17.design a poster 設計一份海報 18.endangered animals瀕危動物

19.make jewellery 制造珠寶

20.provide sth.for sb.向某人提供……

21.保持:keep sth.+ adj.保持某物怎么樣 keep doing sth.保持做某事 22.pollute rivers污染河流 23.cut down 砍下

24.surprised, interested, excited用于修飾人;I am excited about the panda reserves.surprising, interesting, exciting用于修飾物 The book is interesting.25.the cause of sth.某物的原因 Module10 Unit1復習資料 1.want to do sth.想要做某事.2.would(sb.)like to do sth.愿意/想要做某事 3.as:就如,正如,當……的時候 4.main interest:主要的興趣 5.offer to do sth.提議做某事 6.not especially不是很特別 7.agree to do sth.同意做某事 8.try to do sth.:努力/試圖做某事 almost impossible:大概不可能 9.How long : 問時間,距離多長 How often:問頻率多久(一次 10.plan to do sth.計劃做某事 11.decide to do sth.決定做某事 12.have a good time=enjoy oneself 13.main thing: 主要的事情 /東西

14.hope to do sth.希望做某事hope +that +句子希望某人或某物做某事next time:下次

15.No idea.=I don't know.我不知道.16.a famous writer一個著名的作家

17.be famous for …因……而著名 be famous as 作為…..而出名 18.hear of doing sth.聽說做某事hear of sth.聽說某事 19.anything special 一些特殊的事情 / anything,something,everything,nothing+形容詞 Module10 Unit2復習資料 1.audience life觀眾生活.2.Show sb.sth.=show sth.to sb.展示某人某物=展示某物給某人 between sth.and sth.表兩者之間among sth.表(三者或以上)之間 3.take place(有目的發生);happen(沒目的):發生

Tell sb.sth.=tell sth.to sb.告訴某人某事=把某事告訴給某人 tell sb.(not)to do sth.告訴某人(不)去做某事

4.as the centre of the neighbourhood.作為街道中心.ask sb.to do sth.請求某人做某事

see … as …把某物或某事看作某物/某事

東西

5.finally, at last, at the end, in the end:最后 say goodbye to sb./ sth.對某人說再見 6.during+時間 在…….間

7.繼續:continue sth.continue to do sth.=go on doing sth.8.bring 帶來sb.sth.=bring sth.to sb.帶給某人某物=帶某物給某人

10.send sb.to + 地方:把某人送到……地方;send sb.sth.= send sth.to sb.遞給…….11.learn to do sth.學習做某事learn from sb.向某人學習

learn …by heart 熟記…..,背誦learn one … lesson 吸取……教訓 12.from… to…從……到…… 13.be named…被稱為……

14.one of the greatest Chinese writers of the 20th century.20世紀最偉大的中國作家之一.15.give a wonderful welcome:給予熱情的歡迎

ll over the world:全世界

16.start doing sth./ start to do sth.開始做某事 17.part of 部分

18.the name of…….的名字 19.in the end在……的最后

20.fall in love with sb.愛上……

21.marry sb.嫁給某人get married to sb.與某人結了婚 Module10 Unit3復習資料 1.hope to do sth.希望做某事

2.teach sth.to sb.教某物給某人=teach sb.sth.教某人某物 3.be full of sth.填滿/充滿…… 4.at the end在最后

Module11 Unit1復習資料

1.may接 be動詞原形或行為動詞原形may 用于問意見或請求許可,否定回答為must not或can't.maybe是副詞,也許,可能的意思,相當于perhaps,常放于句子開頭.2.forget to do sth.忘記做某事forget doing sth.忘記做了某事 3.go shopping =do some shopping購物 5.Hey, you lot!嗨,你們這些人!6.You must be joking!你一定是在開玩笑吧!must be 表示肯定的猜測;它的否定或疑問用can代替.Can you be joking 你會開玩笑嗎 You can't be joking.你不是開玩笑吧!might 是may 的過去式,用于可能性很小的事情的描述.天氣類的名詞變形容詞: Wind風-windy多風的, cloud云-cloudy多云的,rain雨-rainy多雨的, snow雪-snowy多雪的，sun,fog雙寫詞尾的輔音字母加y變為:Sun太陽-sunny陽光充足的, fog霧-foggy多霧的

9.What will the weather be like =How will the weather be 天氣會變得怎么樣

10.not bad不錯

11.at the moment此刻,現在=now 12.be off to +地方=leave for +地方:出發…

13.probably是副詞,放于句子開頭,也可以放在助動詞,系動詞,情態動詞的后面或謂語動詞的前面.14.the best time to do sth.做某事的最好時間 15.What about you 你呢 =How about you 16.Come on, better get going!來吧,最好走了.better get going = had better go 最好去…had better do sth.最好做某事 17.be going to do sth.=will do sth.打算做某事b uy sth.for sb.=buy sb.sth.買

18.something warm to wear something, everything, nothing, anything+形容詞 Module11 Unit 2 復習資料

1.the places to see and the time to go.去看的地方和去的時間.2.a lot of snow許多雪

3.The best plan is to do sth..最好的計劃是做某事 4.It is a good idea to do sth.做某事是個好主意.5.autumn leaves.秋葉.take photos of sth.給……拍照 6.4000 kilometres away 4000公里遠.7.It is nice to do sth.做某事是漂亮的.8.In the northwest在西北 9.It is pleasant to do sth.做某事是令人愉悅的.10.remember to do sth.記得做某事remember doing sth.記得做了某事 11.all day整天freezing cold.冰冷的.12.in the southeast 在東南部

13.in summer and fall.在夏天和秋天from time to time :偶爾,有時=sometimes 14.compare …with…=compared…to…把…….與……相比;compare…to…把……比做……

15.Any time you like!你喜歡任何時候都行

16.a good person一個好人 復數:persons9.change…into … 把…變成… Module11 Unit 3復習資料 1.the same 相同的.2.had better do sth.最好做某事

3.It's a good idea to do sth.意思做某事是一個好主意.4.It's very important to do sth.做某事是非常重要的.It's great fun to do sth.做某事是太愉快的.It's nice to do sth.做某事是漂亮的.5.The best time is to do sth.做某事是最好的時間.6.possible, probably, may可能

It will probably rain tomorrow.It may be cold.It is possible to visit Alaska.7.this evening今晚

8.at the weekend在周末 9.in the holidays在假期里

10.a lot=much adv.許多;in spring.在春天

11.What's the temperature 溫度是多少 It's 20 degrees.20攝氏度.12.depend on取決于,依……而定;依賴,依靠,信賴12.at Christmas在圣誕節 Module12 Unit1復習資料

1.stop chatting,everyone.大家停止聊天了.stop sth.停止某事stop doing sth.停止做某事stop to do sth.停下來去做另一件事.chat with sb.與某人聊2.Here she comes.她來啦!(倒裝)

3.remember to do sth.記得做某事remember doing sth.記得做了某事

5.Get a move on!=Hurry up!快點6.Oh, no!哦,不行!7.不能mustn't =must not 8.Hang on!等等=Wait a moment!9.in the USA在美國USA=United Stated of America 10.give sb.sth.=give sth.to sb.給某人某物=把某物給某人 11.immediately = quickly, fast快速地,迅速地

13.accept sth.(主觀)接受某物;receive sth.(客觀)接收某物 14.利用use sth./ use sth.to do sth.15.wrap hongbao包紅包

17.do some cleaning搞清潔,掃地on the first day of …在…的第一天 18.cut the hair.理發.19.You can't be serious!你不會吧

20.You musn't break anything.你不能打碎任何東西.21.bad luck不吉利,倒霉

28.Anyway, relax!算了/ 不管如何,沒什么好緊張的.30.lots of =a lot of許多

31.Just wait and see!到時候你就知道了!32.What present什么禮物

buy sb.sth.=buy sth.for sb.買某人予某物=為某人買某物.34.both hands 雙手at Spring Festival在春節 Module12 Unit2復習資料

1.too loudly.太大聲地talk to sb.對某人談話talk about sth.談論關于某事 talk with sb.about sth.與某人談論關于某事 2.greet people 問候人們 3.have a party 開派對 4.make noise制造噪音

5.advice for visitors給參觀者/旅游者的建

6.enjoyed my stay.過得很愉快enjoy sth.享受某事enjoy doing sth.享受做某事 7.different traditions.不同的傳統

8.for example例如shake hands握手 9.say hello.打個招呼.10.speak to sb.對某人說話 11.not…but…不是…而是… 12.at a tea party 喝茶點時 13.tea with milk.伴有奶的茶 14.put …in… 放…進…去.15.other passengers其他的乘客 16.be different from…與…不同 17.mobile phones 移動電話

18.hear sb.doing sth.聽見某人正在做某事hear sb.do sth.聽見某人做了某事 19.each other 相互,各自

20.arrive at / in到達reach到達get to到達on time按時,準時 21.At the party after the weddding 在婚禮之后的聚會 22.throw …over…把…扔向… throw… away… 把…扔掉 23.get married to sb.與某人結婚

24.What kind of …什么種類… 25.need to do sth.需要做某事

26.What part of …什么部分…use(sth.)to do sth.用(某物)做某事 Module12 Unit3復習資料 1.clean up bedroom 清潔臥室 2.wash up the dishes洗餐具

3.stay out after 9:00 九點之后在外逗留 4.do homework 做作業 5.wash hands 洗手

6.Use the telephone without asking不問就用電話

7.play music loudly after 10:00pm 晚上十點后大聲地放音樂 8.at the age of+數字在幾歲

9.leave somewhere.離開某地;leave for somewhere.出發去某地 10.be late for 為…而遲到 11.look up查找 12.take out 拿出

13.unwrap her birthday present打開她的生日禮物 14.can't wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事 15.Back-to-front由背面到前面 16.On the pavement在人行橫道 17.on your birthday在你的生日 18.on the road在路上