第一篇：情態動詞小結

情態動詞小結

情態動詞有：can（could），may（might），must，have to, shall（should），will（would），need, dare, ought to等。一． 情態動詞can, may, must用法 ㈠基本用法 1.can ⑴ 會，能夠--Can you swim?--Yes, I can.--No, I can?t.⑵ 口語中代替may.You can(may)park here.你可以把車停在這里。(許可)2.may允許，許可--May I come in?--Yes, you may./Sure, come on in.--No, you mustn?t./No, you can?t.No, you?d better not.3.must必須--Must we finish the exercise today?--Yes, you must.--No, you needn?t./No, you don?t have to.4.need 需要，必需--Need you go now?=--Must you go now?--Yes, I must.--Yes, I must.--No, I needn?t.--No, I needn?t.(need作為情態動詞，通常用在否定句和疑問句中。)注意一：can 與be able to 都可以表示“能力”，區別是： ⑴ can只有現在和過去兩種形式

I can play the piano.She couldn?t play the piano when she was a little girl.⑵ be able to ① 有更多的形式和時態

We shall/will be able to finish the work next week.I haven?t been able to find the book.② 指具體一次活動

I can swim but I am not able to cross the rough sea.有時兩者可以互換: I?m not able to(can?t)answer your question.Are you able to(Can you)type(打字)？

注意二：could的用法

⑴ 作為can的過去式，表示過去的能力。

When I was young I could climb any tree in the forest.這時也可用was(were)able to ⑵ 用來代替can，婉轉地提出請求，想法，建議等。回答這種情況下could引導的一般疑問句時，不用could，而要用can。A: Could you tell me how to get to the hospital? B: Of cause, I can.注意三：must的否定形式表示“不得”，“一定不要”，“禁止” ① You mustn?t take photos in here.It?s forbidden(禁止).② You mustn?t drive without a license（駕照）.③ We mustn?t be late, must we？

（與第4頁對比，此must不表猜測,兩回事。）注意四：must的過去式是must，常用 had to 代替。I had to see the dentist.注意五：must 和 have to 都可以表示必須，但must表示說話人的主觀看法，have to表示客觀需要。You must say sorry to me for that.You have to drive quickly, we have little time.注意六：May+動詞原形表“祝愿”。

May you succeed.May you be happy every day.㈡ 可能性用法

1.can表示“可能性”① 疑問句：只能用can

Who can it be ?

② 否定句：cannot(can?t)“不可能 It cannot be Jenny.2.may表示“可能性”① 否定句：may not“可能不”

It may not be Jenny.② 肯定句：“大概”，“也許”，“可能” It may be Jenny.3.must表示“可能性”，只能用于肯定句，表推測：“一定是”，“準是”，“必是”，“必定”。

It must be Jenny.小結表示“可能性”：

疑問句：只能用can 否定句：cannot(can?t)“不可能”(反義詞是must“準是”)may not“可能不”

肯定句：may “大概”

must“準是”(反義詞是can?t)注意一: 在表示“可能性”時，凡是對過去事物的猜測，不管是疑問．．句，否定句還是肯定句，都要用完成時。．．．① It must have rained last night.You see, the ground is still wet.② He can?t have been to your home.He doesn?t know your address注意二：may+原型 表示 現在或將來的可能性。若表示對過去事物 ．．．． 的猜測，則用完成時。③ He may come today.(tomorrow)He might come today.(tomorrow)(might語氣更不肯定，不是may的過去時)④ She might have called for help.她可能大聲喊“救命”了。請翻譯下里句子：

1.Where can Wei Fang be? 2．That can?t be Mary.She is in hospital.3.Surely you can?t be hungry.You?ve only just had lunch.4.The key can?t be in the room.I have just searched it carefully.5.You may/ can go and ask him.But he may not answer you.6．A：Look！Someone is coming.Who can it be? B: It may be our headmaster.A: It can?t be him.He has gone to Shanghai.B: It must be Mr.Zhang.He looks like our headmaster.7.Anna may know Tom?s address.8.They may be waiting at the station.9.I may be going to Europe next year.10．He may have gone abroad.11.I?m afraid I must be going now.12.You must be hungry.Have something to eat.13.They must be twins.14.There?s a lot noise from next door.They must be having party a party.15.I can?t find him anywhere.He must have left.16.I can?t find my book.I must have left it at home.17.You must have been thinking of something.18.A: We went to Hainan for the winter vacation.B: That must have been nice.注意三：must表示猜測時的反義疑問句

⑴ “must be +表語”的結構，must表示肯定猜測時，含有“準是”，“勢必”，“一定”等意義時，反義疑問句用“isn?t/aren?t+主語” They must be hungry after the long walk, aren?t they? ⑵ “must have done” 表示猜測時，反義疑問句用“haven?t/hasn?t +主語”或“didn?t+主語”

① They must have studied English before, haven?t they? ② She must have met a fairy(仙女), hasn?t she? ③ You must have seen the film last week, didn?t you? ．．．．．．．．解題秘笈：① 把must去掉 ② 找時間狀語 ③ 重新組成一新句子 ④ 按新句子的時態造反義疑問句

① You must have been to Beijing, ＿＿＿ ＿＿？

去掉must；無時狀；重組成You have been to Beijing； 故答案為：haven?t you ② You must have finished your homework yesterday, ．．．．．．．．．＿＿＿ ＿＿？去掉must；時狀為yesterday;重組成 You finished your homework yesterday;故答案為：didn?t you 二．情態動詞need的用法

⑴ need 表示“需要”，“必需”。作為情態動詞，通常用在否定句和疑問句中。

① He needn?t pay for it.(情態動詞)=He doesn?t need to pay for it.(行為動詞)②--Need you go now?=--Must you go now?--Yes, I must.--Yes, I must.--No, I needn?t.--No, I needn?t.⑵ need也可用作行為動詞，其變化與一般動詞相同。① We need to think it over.(肯定句)② Does he need to know it?=Need he know it? ③ She didn?t need to go.=She needn?t go.⑶ 按句型背：

need doing=need to be done ① The door needs painting.=The door needs to be painted.② The old man needed looking after.= The old man needed to be looked after.三．情態動詞dare的用法

⑴ dare 表示“敢” 作為情態動詞，通常用于否定句，疑問句或條件句中。dare 作為情態動詞只有兩種形式:dare, dared(當主語是第三人稱單數時，dare 不加s)① She dare not do so.(否定句)② Dare he do it?(一般疑問句)③ How dare you say I?m unfair.(特殊疑問句)④ Jump if you dare.有膽量你就跳。（條件句）⑵ 除了在“I dare say…” 這種習慣用語中，dare 在肯定句中作 情態動詞的情況是很少的。（特殊用法，口語中常用，按句型背）① I dare say you are wrong.② A: If you die, who will get your money？

B: I dare say my uncle will.I have no other relatives.(親戚)⑶ dare 也可用作行為動詞，其變化與一般動詞相同。① Who dare to go? ② I don?t dare(to)ask her.問：此句中的to 為什么可以省略？

答: 當dare 作為①行為動詞②在否定句中(兩個條件必須同時具備)，其后面的不定式可以省略to。又如： ③ We didn?t dare(to)try a shot.四．情態動詞shall和should的用法

⑴ shall 作為情態動詞，用于二，三人稱，表示說話人的意愿，有．．．．．．．．“命令”，“警告”，“威脅”，“強制”，“允諾”等意思。（一人稱用 shall是將來時）

① You shall do as I say.(命令)② Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow.（允諾）③ You shall have whatever you want.(諾言)(我答應)你要什么我給你什么。

④ He shall be sorry for it one day.(警告)有一天他會后悔的，我告訴你。

⑵ 在疑問句中，shall 用來征詢對方意見或請求指示，用于一，三．．．．．．．．．．．人稱。譯成“（你說）…好嗎？”

① Where shall I wait for you?(你說)…

② 區別： Shall he come at once?(你說)他要不要立刻來?

（征求你的意見，情態動詞）

Will he come at once？他將立刻來嗎？（純將來時）③ Shall we start the meeting now？

④ Let?s have a rest, shall we?(Let?s 包括對方)對比：Let us have a rest, will you?(Let us 不包括對方)對于上述這類問句的回答，沒有嚴格不變的肯定或否定模式。⑤ Shall I open the window? Yes, please.⑥ Shall I get you some more tea? Yes, please.⑦ Shall we have a meeting tomorrow? Yes ,I agree./(Well, I don?t think we need to.)⑧ Shall we go there by bike? All right.(OK./Yes, I think so.)⑨ Shall we go to the park? Good idea!⑶ should 作為情態動詞，譯成“應該”

① You should keep your promise.② We should be strict in all our work.五．情態動詞 will和would的用法 ⑴ will 表示“意志”,“意愿”,可用于各種人稱。．．．． ① I will(樂意，愿意)tell you all about it.② We will help him if he asks us(to).③ He won?t go.⑵ 在疑問句中，will用來征詢對方意見或請求指示，用于二人稱。．．．．．．．．．．．譯成“（你說）…好嗎？”

①---I?m going down to the shop after school.Will you go with me?---Yes,I will.(I?m sorry, I can?t)② Will you please open the window? =Please open the window, will you? ③ Don?t forget to give her some food and change her water, will you?(祈使句,用will you)④ Be sure to write to us, will you?(祈使句)⑤ Let us have a look at your photos, will you？ ⑥ –Alice, you feed the bird today,＿＿＿？-But I fed it yesterday.A.do you B.will you C.didn?t you D.don?t you ⑶ 表示習慣性動作，有“總是”，“慣于”的意思。還表示“自然傾向”。

① He?ll talk for hours if you give him the chance.② Fish will die out of water.would ⑴ would是will的過去式，表示過去時間的“意志”，“愿望”用于各種人稱。

①“We will help you.” said they.They said that they would help us.② No one would say that he couldn?t see the Emperor?s new clothes.③ I promised that I would do my best.(按句型記)made a promise ⑵ 表示說話人的意愿或向對方提出請求，語氣比will婉轉。指的是現在時間。

① I?d like to see your ten-speed bicycles.② Would you like some bananas?(Bananas!I love them./ Yes, please./ No, thanks.)③--Would you like to see a film?--Yes, I?d like to./I?m glad to./I want to./ I?d love to.…

/Thanks.I?m afraid I won?t be able to./Thanks.That would be nice.④--Would you like to come to supper?--Oh, thank you!I would love to.注意：I?d like to=I?d love to=I would like to=I should like to =I would like to=I should love to.①--④按句型記

⑤ Would you tell me the way to the station?(比will 婉轉)⑶ 表示過去的習慣動作,“總是，慣于，過去常?！北萿sed to 正式。且沒有“現在已無此習慣”的含義。

① In winter, snow fell and the roofs of my old house would become thick, and all the trees would become white.② She would sit like that for hours.③ Every day she would get up at six o?clock.⑷ 表猜測

① It would be ten o?clock when she left home.② I?d say she ?s about 40.六．情態動詞ought to的用法

ought to=should“應該”，“應當” 否定形式oughtn?t to= shouldn?t ① You ought to visit your parents more often.= You should visit your parents more often.② You oughtn?t to make private phone calls in work time.= You shouldn?t make private phone calls in work time.七．情態動詞had better的用法

had better表示“最好…”（had 常縮寫為?d）否定形式為had better not ① You?d better take a nap after lunch.② We?d better wait for him.③ You?d better call a doctor.④ They?d better go home.⑤ You?d better not talk like that.13

第二篇：情態動詞need用法小結

一、NEED與句子類型

（本條可參照ANY的用法。）NEED可用于：

1.否定句/含有否定意義的句子 1)否定句

含not/hardly/never/nobody等詞語。I needn’t say anything.He need hardly advise me.You never need tell me this or that.Nobody need help me.I don’t think he need come.（否定轉移）

注：NEEDN’T的意思其實有三種，即不必要/不一定/不應該，視具體語境而定。2)含有否定意義的句子

含only/but/all/before/than等詞語。He need only wait here.You need but consider the matter to understand its importance.That’s all that need be said.Do not stay longer than you need.There was another hour before I need go out into the cold.2.疑問句/表示疑問的從句 1)疑問句（包括否定疑問句）Need he say it again? 2)表示疑問的從句

I wonder whether/if I need see her.3.條件句

含if/unless等詞。

If he need come, he will.本條要點簡單概括起來就是，NEED不能用于肯定句。以下的各種用法也遵循這條規則。

二、NEED與時態 1.現在時

NEED常用于現在時。You needn’t stay.2.將來時

You needn’t have your blood pressure taken tomorrow.3.過去時

NEED的過去式仍然是NEED。1)過去時間由一過去時間狀語表示 He need not come yesterday.2)過去時間由另一過去時動詞表示。All he need do was to inquire.It was clear that he need never trouble to get up at seven again.I told him he needn’t be in a terrible fix.注：表示過去的NEED常用于間接引語中。（本條可參照must的用法）

三、NEED與虛擬語氣 1)NEED用于虛擬條件句

（本條可參照虛擬條件句的構成及用法。）If money were useless, we need not struggle for it.If you had been careful enough, you need not have suffered.注：本條用法較為少見。

2)NEED單獨使用：NEEDN’T HAVE DONE（本條可參照SHOULDN’T HAVE DONE的用法。）You need not have worried.注：NEED HAVE DONE的形式較為少見

Need you have scolded him so severely for his bad work? He had done his best.（否定意味）

He need have gone and sent that letter in person.（實際上沒有做）

四、NEED與推測

NEEDN’T表示“不一定”。（本條可參照must/can的用法。）1)NEEDN’T+BE

It needn’t be hot in Florida now.對比：

It can’t be hot in Florida now.（一定不）It must be hot in Florida now.（一定）2)NEEDN’T+HAVE DONE

He need not have seen much of the world, though he is an old man.對比：

He can’t have seen much of the world, for he is just a little boy.He must have seen much of the world, for he has been traveling so widely.五、NEED與問句 1)反意疑問句的構成 You needn’t go, need you? 2)答句的構成---Need he go?---Yes, he must/has to/needs to.---No, he needn’t.（本條可參照must的用法）

六、情態動詞NEED與實義動詞NEED 1)使用范圍

作為實義動詞的NEED有人稱、數和時態的變化，使用范圍更為廣泛，不受句子類型和時態的限制。在肯定句、過去時和將來時的句子中，一般使用作為實義動詞的NEED。

He needs to see a doctor straightaway.（此處needs to不能換做need，因為本句是肯定句）

Will he need to start earlier? 注：

NEED TO BE DONE與NEED DOING可以互換，后者更為常用（這里的NEED均為實義動詞）。2)含義差別

NEEDN’T HAVE DONE與DIDN’T NEED TO DO表示“不必要”的時候，在意義上有所差別，前者表示“本不必做??”，實際上已經做了（NEED為情態動詞）；后者單純地表示“不必做??”（NEED為實義動詞）。

第三篇：情態動詞教案

情態動詞教案

Teaching Aims 【教學目標】 1.Knowledge Aims（知識目標）

1.掌握情態動詞can, may, must, need, should…的含義和特點； 2.掌握情態動詞用法。

2.Ability Aims（能力目標）

1.Encourage the students to cooperate with others and enable them to formulate

grammatical rules.2.By learning, motivate the students 'inspiration and take an active part in the course of the class.3.Emotion Aims（情感目標）

Build up the student’s confidence.Teaching Importance and Difficulties 【教學重點和難點】

1.含有情態動詞的疑問句和否定句； 2.情態動詞表示推測的用法。

Teaching Methods(教學方法)

Self-learning，cooperation and discussion自學（獨學、對學、群學）、合作、討論

Teaching Process(教學過程)Preparation and Self-learning 【自主學習、為新課奠基】

Complete the following tasks.（A級 識記類）（C層學生展示，B、A層學生補充）

一、何謂“情態動詞”？

情態動詞主要用來表示說話人的情感、態度等，是中學英語語法的重點，也是高考的熱點，是單項填空必考的一個知識點。情態動詞在近五年高考中主要考查四點：情態動詞表示推測和可能性的用法；情態動詞與虛擬語氣；情態動詞的表達“情感、態度、語氣等”，情態動詞表示 “必要性”等方面的用法。

二、情態動詞的特點 1.沒有人稱和數的變化。2.有些情態動詞有過去式的變化: e.g.will → would , can → could , may→ might , dare → dared

三、情態動詞的否定形式

情態動詞+ not +動詞原形can not: can't , must not: mustn't , need not : needn't Cooperation and Discussion 【合作探究、討論解疑】

Reading------知識問題化、問題層次化，提高閱讀能力！（B級 理解類）（B、C層學生展示，A層學生補充）

四、情態動詞的用法及相互間的區別（注意：這是?？嫉目键c）

1.can , be able to be able to 表示經過努力后, 能夠做到;be able to 有多種形式的變化。can 1).表示體力或腦力方面的能力;2).表示允許、可能性。

could 是can的過去式, 表示過去有能力及過去存在的可能性;用于疑問句表示委婉地提出問題。

1)The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____ get out.A.had to B.would C.could D.was able to 2)-Will you stay for lunch?-Sorry, __.My brother is coming to see me.A.I mustn't B.I can't C.I needn't D.I won't 2.may 表示詢問或說明一件事可不可做;表示某事有可能發生。might是may的過去式;用在疑問中比may委婉、客氣。1)-May I take this book out of the reading-room?-No, you mustn't.(Yes, you may.)2)-Might I make a suggestion?-Yes, you may.3.must 1).表示必須要做的事: 必須

2)表示很有把握的推斷: 一定, 準是。have(has)to : have(has)got to 必須, 不得不。過去式: had to 3)-Must I get to the station before three o'clock?-Yes, you must.(No, you needn't.)4)I'm afraid you will have to wait a while.5)She must be in the classroom now.6)Mary ____ be in Paris, I saw her in town only a few minutes ago.A.mustn't B.shouldn't C.can't D.may not 4.shall 1)在疑問句中, 用于第一、三人稱表示說話人征求對方的意見或向對方請求。2)用于二、三人稱,表示說話人給對方的 命令、警告、允諾等概念。1)Yes, please.(No, please don't.)2)You shall have the English book as soon as I finish it.3)Everything that he owns shall be taken away from him.4)Your brother seldom comes to see you, ____? A.does he B.doesn't he C.will he D.isn't he 5)It's a fine day.Let's go fishing, ____? A.won't we B.will we C.don't we D.shall we 5.should 應該;應當

1)You should listen to the doctor's advice.2)You should study the article carefully.6.will, would 1)在疑問句中用于第二人稱,表示說話人向對方提出請求或詢問。用would語氣更加婉轉。

2)will 表示現在的習慣性動作或狀態;would 表示過去的習慣性動作或狀態。3)will 用于各種人稱, 表示 意志、意愿、決心、允諾;would 表示過去時間的 意志、意愿、......。

(1)Don't smoke in the meeting room, ___ you? A.do youB.will you C.can you D.could you-Will you come with me?-Yes, I will.(I am sorry , I can't.)(2)-Would you tell us something about yourself?-Yes, I will.(3)_____.A.I don't B.I won't C.I can't D.I haven't 7.ought to 應該;應當

1)You oughtn't to smoke too much.2)She ____ for what she has done.A.ought to praise B.ought be praised C.ought to have praised D.ought to be praised 8.dare 1.dare to come 2.dare come 1)He dare not tell the truth.2)He doesn't dare to come out at night.3)I don't know whether he ____ try.A.dare B.needs C.wants D.is allowed 9.need 1).作為情態動詞:必須 2).作為實義動詞: 需要

A.主語是人 need(to do something;to be done by somebody)B.主語是事物 need(doing;to be done)1)-Do they need to take any books with them?-No, they don't need to.2)-Need we buy any new equipment?-No, we needn't.3)This farm tool needs repairing.This farm tool needs to be repaired.4)-Shall I tell John about it ?-No, you ___.I've told him already.A.needn't B.wouldn't C.mustn't D.shouldn't 5)It's a fine day.You ____ take a raincoat with you.A.can't B.mustn't C.needn't D.may not [★★★]

五、情態動詞的解題例析

(1)認真審題，結合所給出的語境，正確把握說話者的語氣、情感、態度、觀點等。

(2)認真思考所給選項中情態動詞的基本特征和用法，并結合語境推敲答案。(3)要注意把握時間概念。

情態動詞無論是表達“推測和可能性”，還是表達“虛擬”這一概念，只要是對過去已經發生的事情進行描述，一律用“情態動詞+have done”這一結構；對現在或將來的事情進行描述，用“情態動詞+動詞或系動詞原形”。例如：

（NMET2008山東，24）Thank you for all your hard work last week.I don’t think we ______ it without you.A.can manage

B.could have managed C.could manage D.can have managed 根據題干中所給出的時間last week可知我們已經做完了工作，已經完成，故排除A、C兩項，再結合could have done表示虛擬語氣以及與前面的I don’t think…，故說話者想表達的意思是：離開了你，我們本不可能完成這項工作。故答案為B項。

Expansion and Improvement【知識拓展、能力提升】（D級 拓展類）（C、B層學生展示，A層學生補充）

★下面我們來看看?？嫉囊恍┣閼B動詞★

以下試題均來源于往年的高考試題，具有很強的針對性

(1)must表示推測，意為“一定??”，只能用于肯定句中。must have done意為：一定做過某事或某事肯定發生了。例如：

—She looks very happy.She ______ have passed the exam.—I guess so.It’s not difficult after all.A.should

B.could

C.must

D.might 【解析】句意為：她看上去很高興，一定是通過了考試?！敬鸢浮緾(2)should(not)/ ought(not)to在中表示根據常規或常識推測，表示“某事應該或不應該發生”，語氣比must或can’t / couldn’t稍弱。例如：—How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? —It ________ be, but it is now heavily polluted.A.will

B.would

C.should

D.must 【解析】should此處表示推測，意為“應該”?！敬鸢浮緾 ②There _________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.A.mustn’t

B.shan’t

C.shouldn’t

D.needn’t 【解析】句意：既然你在駕校進行了大量訓練，那么通過道路測試按理不應該有困難?！敬鸢浮緾(3)can, could表達推測時，一般用于疑問句和否定句中；can用于肯定句中表示一種理論上的可能性，并不牽涉是否真的會發生，在這種用法中can只能與動詞原形連用；could用于肯定句中，語氣比may/ might更弱。例如： ①You ______ be hungry already — you had lunch only two hours ago!

A.wouldn’t

B.can’t

C.mustn’t

D.needn’t ②She ______ have left school, for her bike is still here.A.can’t

B.wouldn’t

C.shouldn’t

D.needn’t ③It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _____ be rather cold sometime.A.must

B.can

C.should

D.would ④Peter ____ be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.A.shall

B.should

C.can

D.must 【解析】①② 兩個考題中can用于中表示否定的推測，意為：不可能，一定不會； ③④兩個考題中can表示理論上的可能性，翻譯為：有時候會???！敬鸢浮竣?B ② A

③ B ④ C(4)may(not)/ might(not)表達一種不太把握的推測，意為“或許，可能”；might的語氣比may較婉轉。例如：

① Liza ___ well not want to go on the trip---she hates traveling.A.will

B.can

C.must

D.may 【解析】may well為固定搭配，意為：很可能，極有可能?！敬鸢浮浚?/p>

②

Although this ____ sound like a simple task, great care is needed.A.must

B.may

C.shall

D.should 【解析】這聽起來或許是一項簡單的任務，但卻需要極大的細心。【答案】B ③—I can’t find my purse anywhere.—You __ have lost it while shopping.A.may

B.can

C.should

D.would 【解析】結合語境可知，回答者是在提醒對方：或許購物時把錢包丟了?！敬鸢浮緼

（二）表達虛擬語氣的情態動詞

對過去的一種結果的假設或虛擬，用情態動詞+have done這一結構，常用的有以下幾個情態動詞：

(1)should(not)/ ought(not)to have done本（不）應該做某事，但卻沒有做或做了，含有責備或后悔之意。例如：

—I’m sorry.I _________at you the other day.—Forget it.I was a bit out of control myself.A.shouldn’t shout

B.shouldn’t have shouted C.mustn’t shout

C.mustn’t have shouted 【解析】對不起，我那天本不應該對你大喊大叫的。【答案】B(2)could have done本來能夠做某事但未做。例如：

Thank you for all your hard work last week.I don’t think we ______ it without you.A.can manage

B.could have managed C.could manage

D.can have managed 【解析】根據題干中所給出的時間last week可知我們已經做完了工作，已經完成，故排除A、C兩項，再結合could have done表示虛擬語氣以及與前面的I don’t think?，故說話者想表達的意思是：離開了你，我們本不可能完成這項工作。【答案】B(3)needn’t have done本沒有必要做某事但卻做了。要注意needn’t do則表達“沒有必要去做某事”，時間上應該是現在或將來。例如： ①—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.—Thanks.You ________ it.I could manage it myself.A.needn’t do

B.needn’t have done

C.mustn’t do

D.shouldn’t have done 【解析】根據句意可知Catherine對對方為她打掃了房間表示感謝并提到對方不必為她打掃房間?！敬鸢浮緽 ② The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we

go to work tomorrow.A.can’t

B.mustn’t

C.needn’t

D.shouldn’t 【解析】老板給所有的員工放了假，所以我們明天不必再去上班?！敬鸢浮緾(4)would(not)have done本來(不)會發生某事，但卻（發生了）或沒有發生。常用于虛擬條件句或含蓄虛擬條件引導的虛擬語氣，表示對過去所發生事情結果的假設。例如：

He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise, he ________ a goal.A.had scored

B.scored

C.would score

D.would have scored 【解析】句中otherwise為含蓄條件，相當于if he had not hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball，這是對過去的一種虛擬假設?！敬鸢浮緿(5)might have done表示“本來可能??”，但實際上沒有發生的事。例如： What a pity!Considering his ability and experience, he ________ better.A.need have done

B.must have done C.can have done

D.might have done 【解析】真是可惜！考慮到他的能力和經驗，他本來可以做得更好的?！敬鸢浮緿

（三）表達“情感、態度、語氣” 等方面的情態動詞 1.must表達“情感、態度、語氣”主要有以下用法：

(1)表示主觀的義務和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑問句，意思為“必須??，得??，要??”；由must引起的疑問句，肯定回答要用must或have to，否定回答要用needn’t或don’t have to,意思是“不必”。另外，must與have to都可以表示“必須”這一含義。must表示一種主觀的需要，而have to表示一種客觀的需要，意思是“不得不”，其否定形式是don’ have to。例如：-What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?--Well, it ______ be big--that's not important.A.mustn't

B.needn't

C.can't

D.won't

【解析】Something big?此處意為：Must it be big? 回答者的意思是：房子不必太大—那并不重要。

【答案】B

(2)must的否定形式mustn’t表示禁止，意思是“不能，不許”。例如： When I was young, I was told that I ______ play with matches

A.wouldn't

B.needn't

C.mustn't

D.daren't 【解析】當我年輕的時候，（家人）就一直告誡我千萬不要玩火柴?！敬鸢浮緾(3)must用于條件句或疑問句中，可以用來表示責備、抱怨的感情色彩，意思為“偏要，硬要、干嘛”。例如： ①—May I smoke here ? —If you ____, choose a seat in the smoking section.A.should

B.could

C.may

D.must ②John, look at the time.___________ you play the piano at such a late hour? A．Must

B．Can

C．May

D．Need 【解析】must在這兩道試題中均表示“非得，偏要”?！敬鸢浮竣?D

② A 2.should(1)should應該，表示“責任和義務”。例如：

According to the air traffic rules, you ___ switch off your mobile phone before boarding.A.may

B.can

C.would

D.should 【解析】should此處表示根據交通法規應盡的責任和義務?！敬鸢浮緿(2)在虛擬條件句中用以加強假設語氣，表示“與將來事實相反的假設”，用 If+主語+ should +動詞原形，當“萬一(會)”講。這時可省略if，將should提到句首，變為倒裝句式。請看下面的例子：

If it should rain(=Should it rain)tomorrow, I would stay at home.萬一明天下雨的話，我就待在家里。再如：

________ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.A.Would you be

B.Should you be

C.Could you be

D.Might you be 【解析】句意：萬一你被解雇，給你的醫療救助和其它方面的福利也不會被取消。【答案】B(3)should還可以用來表示說話人對某事不能理解、趕到意外、驚異等意思，譯為“竟然，竟會”。例如：

You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a lady.A.might

B.need

C.should

D.would 【解析】句意：你想象不到這么一個表現良好的紳士竟然會對一個女士這么粗魯?！敬鸢浮緾 3.shall(1)shall用于第一和第三人稱，常用于疑問句中，用來征求對方意見。例如： ①—What’s the name? —Khulaifi._________ I spell it for you?

A.Shall

B.Would

C.Can

D.Might 【答案】A

(2)用于第二和第三人稱，表示“命令、威脅、警告、允諾、”等。例如： —Excuse me.But I want to use your computer to type a report.—You _____have my computer if you don’t take care of it.A.shan’t

B.might not

C.needn’t

D.shouldn’t 【解析】shall此處表示“警告”?！敬鸢浮緼(3)shall也用于宣布法律、規定的要求。例如： ①—What does the sign over there read? —“No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area.”

A.will

B.may

C.shall

D.must 【解析】禁止吸煙是此處的規定?！敬鸢浮緾 4.can(1)can可以用來表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態度，主要用于否定句、疑問句或感嘆句中。例如：

How ______ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have only covered only part of the article? A.can

B.must

C.need

D.may 【答案】A(2)can也可以用來表示請求或許可。例如： —Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock.______I go out and play with Tom for a while? —No, I’m afraid not.Besides, it’s raining outside now.A.Can’t

B.Wouldn’t

C.May

D.Won’t 【答案】A(3)can可以表達一般的或永久的能力。be able to也可表達能力，但常用來表達在某件事情中所表現出來的能力，尤指克服困難能夠完成某事。例如： ①

If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing, I would invite her to the party.A.couldn’t

B.shouldn’t

C.can’t

D.might not ②

The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out.A.had to

B.would

C.could

D.was able to 【答案】C 5.would(1)will與would可表示“意愿；意志 ”。

例如： John promised his doctor he _____ not smoke and he has never smoked ever since.A.might

B.should

C.could

D.would 【解析】根據promise可知此處是John向醫生表明自己的意志?！敬鸢浮緿(2)would表示過去傾向性或習慣性的動作。used to 也有這一用法，但used to即可用來表達過去的習慣性的動作，也可用來表示過去的狀態。例如：

① When he was there, he ___ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.A.would

B.should

C.had better

D.might ② In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than ________.A.that used to be

B.it is used to

C.it was used to

D.it used to be 【解析】第一題would指過去習慣性的動作；第二題it 替代life, used to be 指過去的樣子?！敬鸢浮緼 D

第四篇：情態動詞教案

情態動詞

【考綱解讀】

情態動詞與虛擬語氣有千絲萬縷的聯系，它們往往放在一起考查。在近年高考題中，對情態動詞的考查幾乎每年都有縱觀近幾年的高考題可以看出，高考對情態動詞的考查熱點依次是：（1）推測和可能性；（2）“情態動詞+have done”結構表示猜測或表示虛擬語氣；（3）shall, should, can, must表示特定語氣。尤其是對“情態動詞+have done”結構的考查頻率較高。試題的情景設置往往生動、真實，但考查的角度趨于細微化和綜合化，有效信息較為隱蔽，這就決定了情態動詞題是難題之一。情態動詞題每年都考，所以本專題在高考中的重要地位是顯而易見的。因而在復習中應引起高度重視，且依筆者之見，來年高考中對情態動詞考查的可能性依然非常大?！局R要點】

一、情態動詞的語法特征

1.情態動詞不能表示正在發生或已經發生的事情，只表示期待或估計某事的發生。2.情態動詞 除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不帶to 的不定式。3.情態動詞沒有人稱、數的變化，即情態動詞第三人稱單數不加-s。4.情態動詞沒有非謂語形式，即沒有不定式，分詞等形式。

二、情態動詞的基本用法 1.比較can 和be able to 1)can could 表示能力；可能(過去時用could)，只用于現在時和過去時(could)。be able to可以用于各種時態。

They will be able to tell you the news soon.他很快就能告訴你消息了。2)只用be able to中情況： 位于助動詞后； 情態動詞后；

表示過去某時刻動作時； 用于句首表示條件；

表示成功地做了某事時，只能用was/were able to，不能用could。He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.=He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.戰爭爆發前，他就逃離歐洲了。

注意：could，在否定，疑問句中表示推測或懷疑。表示提出委婉的請求（注意在回答中不可用could）。

—Could I have the television on? —Yes，you can./No，you can’t.He couldn’t be a bad man.他不大可能是壞人。2.比較may和might

1)表示允許或請求；表示沒有把握的推測；may 放在句首，表示祝愿。May God bless you!愿上帝保佑你！He might be at home.他有可能在家。

注意：might 表示推測時，不表示時態。只是可能性比may 小。

2)may/might as well，后面接不帶to 的不定式，意為“不妨，還是……好”。You may(might)as well tell me the truth.你還是對我說實話好。3.比較have to和must

1)兩詞都是“必須”的意思，have to 表示客觀的需要，must 表示說話人主觀上的看法，即主觀上的必要。

My brother was very ill，so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫生請來。(客觀上需要做這件事)

He said that they must work hard.他說他們必須努力工作。（主觀上要做這件事）

2)have to有人稱、數、時態的變化，而must只有一種形式。

He had to look after his sister yesterday.昨天他不得不照看他的妹妹。3)在否定結構中：

don’t have to 表示“不必”（可以不可以都行）；mustn’t表示“禁止” You don’t have to tell him about it.你不必把此事告訴他。You mustn’t tell him about it.你一定不要把這件事告訴他。4.must表示推測

1)must用在肯定句中表示較有把握的推測，意為“一定”。

2)must表對現在的狀態或現在正發生的事情的推測時，must 后面通常接系動詞be 的原形或行為動詞的進行式。

You have worked hard all day.You must be tired.你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。（對現在情況的推測判斷）He must be working in his office.他一定在辦公室工作呢。比較：He must be staying there.他現在肯定在那里。He must stay there.他必須待在那里。

3)must 表示對已發生的事情的推測時，must 要接完成式。I didn’t hear the phone.I must have been asleep.我剛才沒有聽到電話，我想必是睡著了。

4)must表示對過去某時正發生的事情的推測，must 后面要接不定式的完成進行式?！猈hy didn’t you answer my phone call?

—Well，I must have been sleeping，so I didn’t hear it.5)否定推測用can’t。

If Tom didn’t leave here until five o’clock，he can’t be home yet.如果湯姆五點才離開這兒，他此時一定還未到家。5.表示推測的用法

can，could，may，might，must 皆可表示推測，其用法如下： 1)情態動詞+動詞原形

表示對現在或將來的情況的推測，此時動詞通常為系動詞。I don’t know where she is，she may be in Wuhan.我不知道她在哪兒，她可能在武漢。2)情態動詞+動詞現在進行時

表示對現在或將來正在進行的情況進行推測。

At this moment，our teacher must be correcting our exam papers.這時，我們老師想必在批改試卷。

3)情態動詞+動詞完成時表示對過去情況的推測。

We would have finished this work by the end of next December.明年12月底前我們很可能已完成這項工作了。The road is wet.It must have rained last night.地是濕的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。

4)情態動詞+動詞的現在完成進行時表示對過去正在發生事情的推測。Your mother must have been looking for you.你媽媽一定一直在找你。

5)推測的否定形式，疑問形式用can’t，couldn’t表示。

Mike can’t have found his car，for he came to work by bus this morning.邁克一定還沒有找回他的車，因為早上他是坐公共汽車來上班的。

注意：could，might表示推測時不表示時態，其推測的程度不如can，may。6.情態動詞+have+過去分詞

1)may(might)have+done sth.can(could)have+done sth.表示過去，推測過去時間里可能發生的事情。

Philip may(might)have been hurt seriously in the car accident.飛利浦在那場車禍中有可能傷的很嚴重。

2)must have+done sth.對過去時間里可能發生的事情的推測，語氣較強，具有“肯定”“諒必”的意思。

—Linda has gone to work，but her bicycle is still here.—She must have gone by bus.3)ought to have done sth.／should have done sth.本應該做某事，而事實上并沒有做。否定句表示“不該做某事而做了”。

He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.（事實上已扔了。）ought to 在語氣上比should 要強。4)needn’t have done sth.本沒必要做某事 I dressed very warmly for the trip，but I needn’t have done so.The weather was hot.那次旅行，我穿的非常暖和，但我本沒有必要那么去做。天太熱了。5)would like to have done sth.本打算做某事

I would like to have read the article，but I was very busy then.我本想讀那本書，但我那時太忙了。7.should 和ought to

should 和ought to 都為“應該”的意思，可用于各種人稱?！狾ught he to go?

—Yes.I think he ought to.表示要求，命令時，語氣由 should（應該），had better最好），must（必須）漸強。8.had better表示“最好”

had better 相當于一個助動詞，它只有一種形式，它后面要跟動詞原形。had better do sth.最好干某事

had better not do sth.最好不干某事

had better have done sth.表示與事實相反的結果，意為“本來最好”。9.would rather表示“寧愿” would rather do 寧可干某事

would rather not do 寧可不干某事 would rather...than...寧愿……而不愿

還有would sooner，had rather，had sooner都表示“寧愿”“寧可”的意思。I would rather stay here than go home.=I would stay here rather than go home.我寧可待在這兒也不回家。

10.will和would

1)would like；would like to do=want to 想要，為固定搭配。Would you like to go with me?你想和我一塊兒去嗎？

2)Will you...? Would you like...?表示肯定含義的請求勸說時，疑問句 中一般用some，而不是any。

Would you like some cake?要蛋糕嗎？

3)否定結構中用will，一般不用would，won’t you是一種委婉語氣。Won’t you sit down?你不坐嗎? 11.情態動詞的回答方式

must和need相同:Yes,...must.No,...needn't/don't have to may和can could相同:Yes,...may/can/could.No,...mustn't/...'d better not/can't.shall:Yes,...can/may.No,...can't.should:Yes,...should.No,...shouldn't.will和would差不多:Yes,...do/will.No,...won't/thanks.典型例題

1）---Could I borrow your dictionary?---Yes,of course,you____.A.might B.will C.can D.should 答案C.could表示委婉的語氣,并不為時態.答語中of course,表示肯定的語氣,允許某人做某事時,用can和 may來表達,不能用could或might.復習：will 與you連用,用來提出要求或下命令.should與you 連用,用來提出勸告.2）---Shall I tell John about it?---No,you ___.I've told him already.A.needn't B.wouldn't C.mustn't D.shouldn't 答案A.needn't 不必,不用.wouldn't 將不,mustn't 禁止、不能.shouldn't 不應該.本題為不需要,不必的意思,應用needn't.3）---Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.---______.A.I don't B.I won't C.I can't D.I haven't 答案B.will既可當作情態動詞,表請求、建議、也可作為實義動詞表“意愿、意志、決心”,本題表示決心,選B.12.比較need和dare

一、need表示“需要”或“必須”，作情態動詞時，僅用于否定句或疑問句中，在肯定句中一般用must,have to,ought to，或should代替。多用在否定式或疑問句中.1.Need I attend the meeting tomorrow?

我需要明天參加會議嗎? 2.You need not hand in the paper this week.這一周你不必交論文。

need 是一個情態動詞，他的用法完全和其他情態動詞一樣，但 need 還可當作實義動詞使用，這時 need 就象其他動詞一樣，有第三人稱，單復數，后面加帶 to 的動詞等特性。1.I need a bike to go to school.我上學需要一輛自行車。2.Do you need a dictionary? 你需要詞典嗎? 3.She needs a necklace.她需要一條項鏈。

needn't + have + 過去分詞 表示過去做了沒必要做的事情。You needn't have taken it seriously.這件事情你不必太認真。

二、Dare表示“敢”，Dare作情態動詞時，主要用于疑問句、否定句和條件從句中，一般不用在肯定句中。多用在否定或疑問句中。1.The little girl dare not speak in public.小女孩不敢在公眾面前說話。2.Dare you catch the little cat? 你敢抓小貓嗎? dare 除用作情態動詞外，更多的是當實義動詞使用，用法同實義動詞一樣，要考慮人稱，單復數，時態等。

1.Do you dare to walk in the dark? 你敢黑夜走路嗎？

2.He doesn't dare to tell the teacher what happened that day.他不敢告訴老師那天發生的事。

三、Dare和need常用作實義動詞，有時態、人稱和數的變化，所不同的是，作實義動詞時，在肯定句中，dare后面通常接帶to的不定式，在否定和疑問句中，dare后面可接帶to或不帶to的不定式。如：

I dare to swim across this river.He does not dare(to)answer.Don't you dare(to)touch it!I wondered he dare(to)say that.He needs to finish it this evening.另外need 的被動含義：need，want，require，worth（形容詞）后面接doing，也 可以表示被動：need doing=need to be done Shall用于第一人稱,表示征求對方的意愿.如：What shall we do this evening? 2.Shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問句中,表示說話人征求對方的意見或向對方請示.如：Shall we begin our lesson? When shall he be able to leave the hospital? 3.Shall用于第二、第三人稱,表示說話人給對方命令、警告、允諾或威脅.如：You shall fail if you don't work harder.（警告）He shall have the book when I finish reading.（允諾）He shall be punished.（威脅）

第五篇：高考情態動詞

2000 ~ 2005 年高考題匯編

情 態 動 詞

1.Sorry I'm late.I ________ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.（2000北京春季）（A）

A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will

2.I was really anxious about you.You_________ home without a word.（01全國）（B）

A.mustn’t leaveB.shouldn’t have leftC.couldn’t have leftD.needn’t leave

3.— Write to me when you get home.— _________（01北京春季）（C）

A．I mustB．I shouldC．I willD．I can

4.— Is John coming by train?

— He should, but he _________ not.He likes driving his car.（02全國）【Ｄ】Ａ．mustＢ．canＣ．needＤ．may

5.― I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.― It ______ true because there was little snow there.（02北京）（C）

A.may not beB.won’t beC.couldn’t be

D.mustn’t be 6.— I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins — Yes, certainly.（02北京春季）（B）I have a look?

A.DoB.MayC.ShallD.Should

7.A left luggage office is a place where bagsbe left for a short time, especially at a railway station.（03全國卷）（B）

A．should B．can C．must D．will

8.— The room is so dirty.we clean it?

— Of course.（03北京春季）（B）

A．Will B．Shall C．Would D．Do

9.---Who is the girl standing over there?

---Well, if you______ know, her name is Mabel.（04天津）(C)

A may B can C must D shall

10.“The interestbe divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge.（04重慶）(D)

A.may B.should C.must D.shall

11.---I don't mind telling you what I know.---Y.I'm not asking you for it.（04江蘇）(D)

A.mustn'tB.may notC.can'tD.needn’t

12.I ____ pay Tracy a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.（04浙江）(A)

A.shouldB.mightC.wouldD.could

13.---I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.---You________ her last week.（04福建）(D)

A．ought to tell B．would have told C．must tell D．should have told

14.I often see lights in that empty house.Do you think I _____ report it to the police?（04廣西）（A）

A.shouldB.mayC.willD.can

15.Mr.White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t’ show up.（04廣西）（A）

A.should have arrivedB.should arrive

C.should have had arrived D.should be arriving

16.---Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.---You ______ have my computer if you don't take care of it.（04湖南）（A）

A.shan't B.might notC.needn'tD.shouldn't

17.— Excuse me.Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?

— Sorry, I am not sure.But it be.（04湖北）(A)

A．mightB．will C．mustD．can

18.---Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock..I go out and play with Tom

for a while?

---No, I’m afraid not.Besides, it’s raining outside now.（04遼寧）(A)

A．Can’tB．Wouldn’tC．May notD．Won’t

19.Children under 12 years of age in that country ________ be under adult supervision when is a

public library.（04上海）(A)

A.mustB.mayC.canD.need

20.---Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?

---No, it______ be him---I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.（04全國I）(A)

A can’t B must not C won’t D may not

21.You ______ be tired---you’ve only been working for an hour.（04全國II）(C)

A must not B won’t be C can’t D may not

22.---Tom graduated from college at a very young age.---Oh, he______ have been a very smart boy then.（04全國IV）（D）

A could B should C might D must

23.You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _______ not like the design of the furniture.（04上海春季）（C）

A.mustB.shallC.mayD.need

24.He __________ have completed his work;otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the

seaside.(05北京卷)(B)

A.shouldB.mustC.wouldn’tD.can’t

25.He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free.（05山東卷）(A)

A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need

26.---I've taken someone else's green sweater by mistake.---It ______ Harry's.He always wears green.(05廣東卷)(D)

A.has to beB.will beC.mustn't beD.could be

27.— Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.— Well.Hehave gone far—his coat’s still here.（05湖北卷）(C)

A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．wouldn’t

28.If Iplan to do anything I wanted to, I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much

of it as possible.（05湖北卷）(B)

A．would B．could C．had to D．ought to

29.---Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.---She ______.I've already borrowed one.（05湖南卷）(C)

A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.shouldn't

30.The more I think about him, the more reasons I find for loving him ___ I did.（05湖南卷）(A)

A.as much asB.as long asC.as soon asD.as far as

31.— Tom is never late for work.Why is he absent today?

— Something ________ to him.(05江西卷)(D)

A．must happenC．could have happened B．should have happened D．must have happened

32.John, look at the time._______ you play the piano at such a late hour?（05全國卷3）(B)

A．Must B．Can C．May D．Need

33.Tom, youleave all your clothes on the floor like this!（05全國卷1）(B)

A．wouldn’tB．mustn’tC．needn’tD．may not

34.There _________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.（05上海卷）(C)

A.mustn’tB.shan’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t

35.The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it

_________be very slow.（05浙江卷）(D)

A．should B．mustC．willD．can

36.I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car.They ____ at least 150

kilometers an hour.（05重慶卷）(B)

A.should have been doingB.must have been doing

C.could have doneD.would have done

37.I _______have been more than six years old when the accident happened.（05天津卷）(B)

A.shouldn'tB.couldn'tC.mustn'tD.needn't

38.Helen ______ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.（05安徽卷）(C)

A.shallB.mustC.mayD.can

39.This cake is very sweet.You __________ a lot of sugar in it.（05遼寧卷）(D)

A．should put B．could have put C．might put D．must have put

40.---The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she

returned.---Oh, dear!She _______ a lot of difficulties!(05江蘇卷)(D)

A.may go throughB.might go through

C.ought to have gone throughD.must have gone through

41.I have lost one of my gloves.I ________ it somewhere.（05北京春季）（B）

A.must drop B.must have dropped

C.must be dropping D.must have been dropped