第一篇：《助動(dòng)詞與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞》教案

語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)十一：助動(dòng)詞與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

（一）助動(dòng)詞有be, have, do, will, shall。它們本身沒(méi)有詞義，只和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一定形式構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)，用來(lái)表示時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，構(gòu)成否定、疑問(wèn)及加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣等。

1、be(am, is, are, were, been)

(l)“be +-ing”構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)；（2）“be + 過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；（3）“be + 動(dòng)詞不定式”構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)：①表示按計(jì)劃安排要發(fā)生的事。The prime minister is to visit Japan next year.總理將于明年訪問(wèn)日本。② 用于命令。You're to do your homework before you watch TV.你得做完了作業(yè)才能看電視。

2、have(has, had)

(1)“have+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)。如：Have you seen the film ?(2)“have been +-ing”構(gòu)成完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如：What have you been doing these days? 這些日子你一直在干什么?

3、do(does, did)(1)“do not + 動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成行為動(dòng)詞的否定式。如：His brother doesn’t like playing basket.；(2)“Do + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成行為動(dòng)詞的一般疑問(wèn)句。Does he go to school by bike every day?(3)“do + 動(dòng)詞原形”用于祈使句或陳述句中表示加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。如：I did go to see him, but he wasn’t in我確實(shí)去看望他了，但他不在家。Do do some work.請(qǐng)一定做點(diǎn)什么；(4)代替前面剛出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞以避免重復(fù)。My mother told me to go to bed early.So I did.4.will, shall(would, should)“will(shall+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)，一般來(lái)說(shuō)shall用于第一人稱，will用于第二人稱或第三人稱，口

（二）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度，可以表示“可能”、“可以”、“需要”、“必須”或“應(yīng)當(dāng)”等之意。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化。但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用，必須和不帶to的不定式連用構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。只有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞ought要和帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式連用，在句中作謂語(yǔ)用。

將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞置于主語(yǔ)之前即構(gòu)成其疑問(wèn)式，在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后加not既構(gòu)成其否定式。現(xiàn)將各情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法分述如下：

1、can和could(could為can的過(guò)去式)的基本用法

(1)表示能力，如：He can speak English better than you.(2)在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中表示“懷疑”、“猜測(cè)”或“可能性”，如：Can this green bike be Liu Dong's?(3)表示“許可”時(shí)can可以和may換用，如：You can(may)go home now.(4)如果要表示語(yǔ)氣婉轉(zhuǎn)，可用could代替can，這時(shí)could不再是can的過(guò)去式，如：Could you come again tomorrow?(5)can和be able to都可表示能力，兩者在意思上沒(méi)有什么區(qū)別。但是can只能有現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式，而be able to則有更多的形式，如：He will be able to do the work better.2、may和might(might為may的過(guò)去式)的基本用法

(1)表示允許或征詢對(duì)方許可，有“可以”之意，如：You may use my dictionary.在回答對(duì)方說(shuō)“可以做某事”或“不可以做某事”時(shí)，一般多不用may或 may not，以避免語(yǔ)氣生硬或不容氣。而用比較婉轉(zhuǎn)的說(shuō)法進(jìn)行回答。如：----May I use this dictionary?----Yes, please.或----Certainly.在請(qǐng)求對(duì)方許可時(shí)，如果Might I?? 就比用May I?? 語(yǔ)氣更婉轉(zhuǎn)些，如：May I have a look at your new computer? 但是表示“阻止”或“禁止”對(duì)方做某事時(shí)，要用must not代替may not，如：----May we swim in this lake?----No, you mustn’t.It’s too dangerous.(2)may或 might都可以表示可能性，表示“或許”、“可能”之意，如果用might表示可能性，則語(yǔ)氣更加不肯定，如：They may(might)be in the library now.3、must的基本用法

(1)must表示“必須”、“應(yīng)該”之意，其否定式 must not，縮寫形式為 mustn't，表示“不應(yīng)該”，“不準(zhǔn)”、“不 語(yǔ)中常用will代替shll，如：We will have a meeting to discuss the problem.67 許可”或“禁止”之意，如：We must study hard and make progress every day.You mustn't touch the fire.(2)對(duì)以must提出的疑問(wèn)句，如作否定回答時(shí)，要用needn't或用don't(doesn't)have to(不 必)來(lái)回答，而不用mustn't，因?yàn)閙ustn't表示的是“禁止”或“不許可”之意，如：----Must we finish the work tomorrow?----No, you needn't(don't have to), but you must finish

it in three days.(3)在肯定句中must可以表示推測(cè)，表示“一定”或“必定”之意，如：----Whose new bike can it be?----It must be Liu Dong's.I know his father has just bought him a new one.4、can, could, may, must后接完成式的用法

(1)can, could后接完成式的用法：①在否定句或疑問(wèn)句中表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生過(guò)的事情的“懷疑”或“不肯定”的態(tài)度，Could he have said so? ②在肯定句中，可以表示過(guò)去可能做到而實(shí)際并沒(méi)做到的事情，有“勸告”或“責(zé)備”的語(yǔ)氣。如：----When did you answer her letter?----Only yesterday.----It's too late.You could have answered it earlier, I am sure.(2)may, might后接完成式的用法 ①表示對(duì)過(guò)去某事的推測(cè)，認(rèn)為某一件事情在過(guò)去可能發(fā)生了。如果使用might，語(yǔ)氣就比較婉轉(zhuǎn)或更加不肯定，如：Mary might have learned some Chinese before.②可以表示過(guò)去本來(lái)可以做到而實(shí) 際沒(méi)有做到的事情，有“勸告”或“責(zé)備”的語(yǔ)氣，如：You didn't do the work well that day.You might have done it better.(3)must后接完成式的用法：表示對(duì)過(guò)去某事的推測(cè)，認(rèn)為某事在過(guò)去一定做到 了，如：Liu Dong isn’t in the classroom.He must have gone to the library.5、have to 的基本用法：have to和must的意義相近，只是 must側(cè)重表示說(shuō)話人的主觀看法，而have to 則

6、ought to的基本用法

(l)表示根據(jù)某種義務(wù)或必要“應(yīng)當(dāng)”做某事，語(yǔ)氣比should強(qiáng)，例如：Everyone ought to obey the traffic regulations.(2)表示推測(cè)，注意與must表示推測(cè)時(shí)的區(qū)別：He must be home by now.(斷定他已到家)，He ought to be home by now.(不十分肯定)，This is where the oil must be.(比較直率)，This is where the oil ought to be.(比較含蓄)；(3)“ought + have+ 過(guò)去分詞”表示過(guò)去應(yīng)做某事而 實(shí)際未做。例如：You ought to have helped him.(but you didn’t)這時(shí)，ought與 should可以互相換用。注意，在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中ought to 用于否定和疑問(wèn)句時(shí)to可以省略。例如：Ought you smoke so much? You oughtn’t smoke so much.7、dare的基本用法

(l)dare(dared為其過(guò)去式)作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，主要用于否定句，疑問(wèn)句和條件從句中，如：Dared he bread the traffic regulations again?(2)在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中dare常用作行為動(dòng)詞，其變化與一般行為動(dòng)詞相同，如：She dares to stay at home alone at night.8、need的基本用法

(1)need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，如：He needn't worry about us now.(2)need也可作為行為動(dòng)詞用，可用于肯定句，否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，其后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或帶 to 的動(dòng)詞不定式為其賓語(yǔ)。如：You need to practise reading aloud every day.(3)needn't后接完成式可以表示過(guò)去做了一件本來(lái)不必要做的事情，如：----Did you answer the letter yesterday?----Yes, I did.----But you needn’t have answered it.9、shall的基本用法

(1)shall用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用于第二、三人稱，表示說(shuō)活人的意愿，可表示“命令”、“警告”、“強(qiáng)制”、“威脅”或“允諾”等意，如：He shall go first, whether he wants to or not.(2)在疑問(wèn)句中，shall用于第一、三人稱，表示說(shuō)話人的征詢對(duì)方意見(jiàn)或請(qǐng)求指示，如：Shall I open the door?

10、should的基本用法

(1)should作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可以表示“建議”或“勸告”，有“應(yīng)該”之意，如：You should learn from each other.(2)should后接完成式表示過(guò)去沒(méi)有做到本來(lái)應(yīng)該做的事情，或是做了本來(lái)不應(yīng)該做的事情。如：You should have give him more help.11、will的基本用法

表示客觀需要，如：I must study hard.I had to give it up because of illness.68(1)用于各人稱，可以表示“意志”或“決心”，如：I have told him again and again to stop smoking, but he will not listen.(2)在疑問(wèn)句中用于第二人稱，表示說(shuō)話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求或詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的意愿，如：Will you please tell me how to get to the Capital Gymnasium?(3)will可以表示一種習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，有“總是”或“會(huì)要”之意，如：Every morning he will have a walk along this river.12、would的基本用法

(1)would作為will的過(guò)去式，可用于各人稱，表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的“意志”或“決心”，如：He promised he would never smoke again.(2)在疑問(wèn)句中，用于第二人稱，表示說(shuō)話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求或許問(wèn)對(duì)方的意愿時(shí)，比用will的氣更加婉轉(zhuǎn)，如：Would you like some more coffee?(3)在日常生活中，學(xué)用“I would like to?”表示“我想要”或“我愿意”之意，以使語(yǔ)氣婉轉(zhuǎn)，如：I would like to do Ex.2 first.(4)would可以表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作，比used to正式，并沒(méi)有“現(xiàn)已無(wú)此習(xí)慣”的含義。如：Last year our English teacher would sometimes tell us stories in English after class./ During the vacation he would visit me every week.(5)表料想或猜想，如：It would be about ten when he left home./ What would she be doing there?/ I thought he would have told you about it.13、used to, had better, would rather的用法

(1)used to表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)在已不存在，在間接引語(yǔ)中，其形式可不變，例如：He told us he used to play foot ball when he was young.在疑問(wèn)句、否定句、否定疑問(wèn)句或強(qiáng)調(diào)句中，可有兩種形式。疑問(wèn)句：Did you use to/ Used you to go to the same school as your brother? 否定句：I usedn’t to / didn’t use to go there.(usedn’t 也可寫作usen’t)；否定疑問(wèn)句：Usen’t you to/ Didn’t you use to be interested in the theatre? 強(qiáng)調(diào)句：I certainly used to/ did use to smoke, but it was a long time ago.；其反意疑問(wèn)句或簡(jiǎn)略回答中，也有兩種形式：She used to be very fat.didn’t she?/ use(d)n’t she? Did you use to play chess? Yes, I did./ Used you to get up early in the morning? Yes, I did./ used to.(2)had better意為“最好”，后接不帶to的不定式，例如：----We had better go now.----Yes, we had(we'd better/ we had better)./ Hadn’t we better stop now?(Had we better not stop now?)/ I think I’d better be going.(用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，表“最好立即”)/ You had better have done that(用于完成時(shí)態(tài)，表未完成動(dòng)作)注：had better用于同輩或小輩，對(duì)長(zhǎng)輩不可用。(3)would rather意為“寧愿”，表選擇，后接不帶to的不定式，例如：I’d rather not say anything./ Would you rather work on a farm?/----Wouldn’t you rather stay here?----No, I would not.I’d rather go there.由于would rather表選擇，因 而后可接than，例如：I would rather work on a farm than in a factory./ I would rather watch TV than go to see the film/ I would rather lose a dozen cherry trees than that you should tell me one lie./ I’d rather you didn’t talk about this to anyone.(句中的 'd rather不是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，would 在此是表愿望的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)

練習(xí)、助動(dòng)詞與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

1.If they _________ to do this work, he might do it some other way.A.were

B.should

C.will

D.can 2.I was told yesterday that the company _________ me to Rome next week for a business conference.A.should have sent

B.were going to send 3.Let's take a walk, ________?

C.should be sending

D.should send

A.will we

B.don't we

C.do we

D.shall we 4.He was a good swimmer so he _________ swim to the river bank when the boat sank.A.could

B.might

C.should

D.was able to 5.I went to the doctor's yesterday, I had to wait for half an hour before he ________ see me.A.can

B.may

C.might

D.could 6.----_________ this book be yours?

----No, it ________ not be mine.It ________ be his.C.Can, may, must D.Must, can, may

A.Can, must, may

B.May, might, must 7.“We didn't see him at the lecture yesterday.”

“He _________ it.”

A.mustn't attend B.can't have attended C.would have not attended D.needed have attended 8.They _________ the plane, or perhaps they have been prevented from coming for some reason.A.can have missed

B.may have missed 9.Since the ground is white, it _________ last night.A.had snowed

B.must have snowed 10.You must be fifty, ________?

A.mustn't you

B.needn't you

C.aren't you

D.mnyn't you 11.You must have seen him off yesterday, _________?

A.haven't you

B.didn't you 12.----That must be a mistake.C.mustn't you

D.needn't you----No.it _________ be.C.must be snowing

D.must have been snowing

C.can have lost

D.may have lost

A.can't

B.isn't able to

C.can

D.was able to 13.He had known the matter before you told him, so you _________ have told it to him.A.mustn't

B.can't

C.needn't

14.How ________ so?

A.dare you to say

B.dare you say

C.do you dare say

D.dare to say C.ought to take

D.need to take 15.You are their teacher.You _________ care of them.A.should to take

B.might to take

A.used to be

B.would be

A.will be used to speak

C.must be used to speak

16.She is studying medical science now but she _________ a lawyer.C.were

D.had been B.will be used to speaking 17.If you were in an English-speaking country, you, too, _________ English every day.D.would be used to speaking

C.must have

D.shall have

D.should

D.shouldn't 18.I did not call to make my airline reservation(預(yù)訂)but I _________.A.should have

B, may have

A.would

B.will

19.As a girl, she _________ get up at six every day.C.might

20.Don't you remember that we _________ to the cinema tonight?

A.would go

B.go

C.are going

D.will be gone

C.mustn't

D.shouldn't

“__________”.“__________”.C.No, please

D.No.I'm sorry 21.----Shall I tell John about it?

----No, you _________.I've told him already.A.needn't

B.wouldn't 22.“Would you mind if I open the window?”

A.I don't like it

B.Yes.please

A.Yes.please

B.All right 24.M:________?

T:I'd love to, but I'm afraid I have no time.“

M:0h, no.You'll surely come over.T: It's very nice of you.But I'm sorry I have to go to a meeting.A.Do you have lunch out in a restaurant

C.Did you go to see the film

23.”Would you tell me something about the affair?“

C.Not at all

D.I do

B.Shall I have you with me at my birthday D.Have you enjoyed yourself at the party

25.”You ought to have come here ten minutes ago?“

A.ought to

B.ought to have 26.”Would you like to go out for a walk?“

A.I'd like to

B.I'd like 27.________ you succeed!

A.Can

A.leave

B.May

”Yes, I _________.“

C.ought

D.have ought to ”Yes, ___________.“

C.I'll like to

D.I would

D.Will D.left

C.Must

C.leaving

28.Did he need ________ then? B.to leave

29.Do you think if he dares _________ in public.A.speak

B.speaking

C.to speak

D.spoken

C.has been used to

D.was used to

C.shouldn't, could

D.can't, must

”Not at all.“

D.Would 30.He ________ eating American food since he came here.A.used to

B.has been used

31.A computer ________ think for itself;it ________ be told what to do.A.may not, must

B.mustn't, might 32.”________ you mind my opening the window?“

A.Shall

B.Should

C.Will

33.1 didn't hear the phone.I _________ asleep.A.must be

B.must have been

C.should have been

D.could have been

C.must have told

D.should tell

C.ought not to have

D.can't

D.won't

D.needn't 34.You _________ me about it earlier, but you didn't.A.should have told

B.would have told

A.ought to not

B.ought not to 36.”May I go now?“ ”No, you ________."

A.mustn't

B.needn't

C.mightn't

C.mustn't

C.will

37.You _________ do the exercise if you don't want to.A.may not

B.can't

A.would

B.should

38.You _________ pay more attention to your spelling next time.D.shall 39.The girl _________ out alone at night.A.dare not go

B.dare not to go A.used to

B.get used to

C.dares not go

D.does not dare go C.would

D.did use to 40.There ________ be a lot of small houses on both sides of the street.35.The teacher told the students that they ________ keep silent in class all the time.71

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第二篇：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞教案

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

【考綱解讀】

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與虛擬語(yǔ)氣有千絲萬(wàn)縷的聯(lián)系，它們往往放在一起考查。在近年高考題中，對(duì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的考查幾乎每年都有縱觀近幾年的高考題可以看出，高考對(duì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的考查熱點(diǎn)依次是：（1）推測(cè)和可能性；（2）“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”結(jié)構(gòu)表示猜測(cè)或表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣；（3）shall, should, can, must表示特定語(yǔ)氣。尤其是對(duì)“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”結(jié)構(gòu)的考查頻率較高。試題的情景設(shè)置往往生動(dòng)、真實(shí)，但考查的角度趨于細(xì)微化和綜合化，有效信息較為隱蔽，這就決定了情態(tài)動(dòng)詞題是難題之一。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞題每年都考，所以本專題在高考中的重要地位是顯而易見(jiàn)的。因而在復(fù)習(xí)中應(yīng)引起高度重視，且依筆者之見(jiàn)，來(lái)年高考中對(duì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞考查的可能性依然非常大。【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】

一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)法特征

1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能表示正在發(fā)生或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，只表示期待或估計(jì)某事的發(fā)生。2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不帶to 的不定式。3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱、數(shù)的變化，即情態(tài)動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)不加-s。4.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有非謂語(yǔ)形式，即沒(méi)有不定式，分詞等形式。

二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法 1.比較can 和be able to 1)can could 表示能力；可能(過(guò)去時(shí)用could)，只用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)(could)。be able to可以用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。

They will be able to tell you the news soon.他很快就能告訴你消息了。2)只用be able to中情況： 位于助動(dòng)詞后； 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后；

表示過(guò)去某時(shí)刻動(dòng)作時(shí)； 用于句首表示條件；

表示成功地做了某事時(shí)，只能用was/were able to，不能用could。He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.=He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)前，他就逃離歐洲了。

注意：could，在否定，疑問(wèn)句中表示推測(cè)或懷疑。表示提出委婉的請(qǐng)求（注意在回答中不可用could）。

—Could I have the television on? —Yes，you can./No，you can’t.He couldn’t be a bad man.他不大可能是壞人。2.比較may和might

1)表示允許或請(qǐng)求；表示沒(méi)有把握的推測(cè)；may 放在句首，表示祝愿。May God bless you!愿上帝保佑你！He might be at home.他有可能在家。

注意：might 表示推測(cè)時(shí)，不表示時(shí)態(tài)。只是可能性比may 小。

2)may/might as well，后面接不帶to 的不定式，意為“不妨，還是……好”。You may(might)as well tell me the truth.你還是對(duì)我說(shuō)實(shí)話好。3.比較have to和must

1)兩詞都是“必須”的意思，have to 表示客觀的需要，must 表示說(shuō)話人主觀上的看法，即主觀上的必要。

My brother was very ill，so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來(lái)。(客觀上需要做這件事)

He said that they must work hard.他說(shuō)他們必須努力工作。（主觀上要做這件事）

2)have to有人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化，而must只有一種形式。

He had to look after his sister yesterday.昨天他不得不照看他的妹妹。3)在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中：

don’t have to 表示“不必”（可以不可以都行）；mustn’t表示“禁止” You don’t have to tell him about it.你不必把此事告訴他。You mustn’t tell him about it.你一定不要把這件事告訴他。4.must表示推測(cè)

1)must用在肯定句中表示較有把握的推測(cè)，意為“一定”。

2)must表對(duì)現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或現(xiàn)在正發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)時(shí)，must 后面通常接系動(dòng)詞be 的原形或行為動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行式。

You have worked hard all day.You must be tired.你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。（對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的推測(cè)判斷）He must be working in his office.他一定在辦公室工作呢。比較：He must be staying there.他現(xiàn)在肯定在那里。He must stay there.他必須待在那里。

3)must 表示對(duì)已發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)時(shí)，must 要接完成式。I didn’t hear the phone.I must have been asleep.我剛才沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到電話，我想必是睡著了。

4)must表示對(duì)過(guò)去某時(shí)正發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)，must 后面要接不定式的完成進(jìn)行式。—Why didn’t you answer my phone call?

—Well，I must have been sleeping，so I didn’t hear it.5)否定推測(cè)用can’t。

If Tom didn’t leave here until five o’clock，he can’t be home yet.如果湯姆五點(diǎn)才離開(kāi)這兒，他此時(shí)一定還未到家。5.表示推測(cè)的用法

can，could，may，might，must 皆可表示推測(cè)，其用法如下： 1)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形

表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況的推測(cè)，此時(shí)動(dòng)詞通常為系動(dòng)詞。I don’t know where she is，she may be in Wuhan.我不知道她在哪兒，她可能在武漢。2)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)正在進(jìn)行的情況進(jìn)行推測(cè)。

At this moment，our teacher must be correcting our exam papers.這時(shí)，我們老師想必在批改試卷。

3)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞完成時(shí)表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)。

We would have finished this work by the end of next December.明年12月底前我們很可能已完成這項(xiàng)工作了。The road is wet.It must have rained last night.地是濕的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。

4)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示對(duì)過(guò)去正在發(fā)生事情的推測(cè)。Your mother must have been looking for you.你媽媽一定一直在找你。

5)推測(cè)的否定形式，疑問(wèn)形式用can’t，couldn’t表示。

Mike can’t have found his car，for he came to work by bus this morning.邁克一定還沒(méi)有找回他的車，因?yàn)樵缟纤亲财噥?lái)上班的。

注意：could，might表示推測(cè)時(shí)不表示時(shí)態(tài)，其推測(cè)的程度不如can，may。6.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have+過(guò)去分詞

1)may(might)have+done sth.can(could)have+done sth.表示過(guò)去，推測(cè)過(guò)去時(shí)間里可能發(fā)生的事情。

Philip may(might)have been hurt seriously in the car accident.飛利浦在那場(chǎng)車禍中有可能傷的很嚴(yán)重。

2)must have+done sth.對(duì)過(guò)去時(shí)間里可能發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，具有“肯定”“諒必”的意思。

—Linda has gone to work，but her bicycle is still here.—She must have gone by bus.3)ought to have done sth.／should have done sth.本應(yīng)該做某事，而事實(shí)上并沒(méi)有做。否定句表示“不該做某事而做了”。

He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.（事實(shí)上已扔了。）ought to 在語(yǔ)氣上比should 要強(qiáng)。4)needn’t have done sth.本沒(méi)必要做某事 I dressed very warmly for the trip，but I needn’t have done so.The weather was hot.那次旅行，我穿的非常暖和，但我本沒(méi)有必要那么去做。天太熱了。5)would like to have done sth.本打算做某事

I would like to have read the article，but I was very busy then.我本想讀那本書，但我那時(shí)太忙了。7.should 和ought to

should 和ought to 都為“應(yīng)該”的意思，可用于各種人稱。—Ought he to go?

—Yes.I think he ought to.表示要求，命令時(shí)，語(yǔ)氣由 should（應(yīng)該），had better最好），must（必須）漸強(qiáng)。8.had better表示“最好”

had better 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞，它只有一種形式，它后面要跟動(dòng)詞原形。had better do sth.最好干某事

had better not do sth.最好不干某事

had better have done sth.表示與事實(shí)相反的結(jié)果，意為“本來(lái)最好”。9.would rather表示“寧愿” would rather do 寧可干某事

would rather not do 寧可不干某事 would rather...than...寧愿……而不愿

還有would sooner，had rather，had sooner都表示“寧愿”“寧可”的意思。I would rather stay here than go home.=I would stay here rather than go home.我寧可待在這兒也不回家。

10.will和would

1)would like；would like to do=want to 想要，為固定搭配。Would you like to go with me?你想和我一塊兒去嗎？

2)Will you...? Would you like...?表示肯定含義的請(qǐng)求勸說(shuō)時(shí)，疑問(wèn)句 中一般用some，而不是any。

Would you like some cake?要蛋糕嗎？

3)否定結(jié)構(gòu)中用will，一般不用would，won’t you是一種委婉語(yǔ)氣。Won’t you sit down?你不坐嗎? 11.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的回答方式

must和need相同:Yes,...must.No,...needn't/don't have to may和can could相同:Yes,...may/can/could.No,...mustn't/...'d better not/can't.shall:Yes,...can/may.No,...can't.should:Yes,...should.No,...shouldn't.will和would差不多:Yes,...do/will.No,...won't/thanks.典型例題

1）---Could I borrow your dictionary?---Yes,of course,you____.A.might B.will C.can D.should 答案C.could表示委婉的語(yǔ)氣,并不為時(shí)態(tài).答語(yǔ)中of course,表示肯定的語(yǔ)氣,允許某人做某事時(shí),用can和 may來(lái)表達(dá),不能用could或might.復(fù)習(xí)：will 與you連用,用來(lái)提出要求或下命令.should與you 連用,用來(lái)提出勸告.2）---Shall I tell John about it?---No,you ___.I've told him already.A.needn't B.wouldn't C.mustn't D.shouldn't 答案A.needn't 不必,不用.wouldn't 將不,mustn't 禁止、不能.shouldn't 不應(yīng)該.本題為不需要,不必的意思,應(yīng)用needn't.3）---Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.---______.A.I don't B.I won't C.I can't D.I haven't 答案B.will既可當(dāng)作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,表請(qǐng)求、建議、也可作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞表“意愿、意志、決心”,本題表示決心,選B.12.比較need和dare

一、need表示“需要”或“必須”，作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，僅用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中，在肯定句中一般用must,have to,ought to，或should代替。多用在否定式或疑問(wèn)句中.1.Need I attend the meeting tomorrow?

我需要明天參加會(huì)議嗎? 2.You need not hand in the paper this week.這一周你不必交論文。

need 是一個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，他的用法完全和其他情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一樣，但 need 還可當(dāng)作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞使用，這時(shí) need 就象其他動(dòng)詞一樣，有第三人稱，單復(fù)數(shù)，后面加帶 to 的動(dòng)詞等特性。1.I need a bike to go to school.我上學(xué)需要一輛自行車。2.Do you need a dictionary? 你需要詞典嗎? 3.She needs a necklace.她需要一條項(xiàng)鏈。

needn't + have + 過(guò)去分詞 表示過(guò)去做了沒(méi)必要做的事情。You needn't have taken it seriously.這件事情你不必太認(rèn)真。

二、Dare表示“敢”，Dare作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主要用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句和條件從句中，一般不用在肯定句中。多用在否定或疑問(wèn)句中。1.The little girl dare not speak in public.小女孩不敢在公眾面前說(shuō)話。2.Dare you catch the little cat? 你敢抓小貓嗎? dare 除用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞外，更多的是當(dāng)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞使用，用法同實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一樣，要考慮人稱，單復(fù)數(shù)，時(shí)態(tài)等。

1.Do you dare to walk in the dark? 你敢黑夜走路嗎？

2.He doesn't dare to tell the teacher what happened that day.他不敢告訴老師那天發(fā)生的事。

三、Dare和need常用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化，所不同的是，作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在肯定句中，dare后面通常接帶to的不定式，在否定和疑問(wèn)句中，dare后面可接帶to或不帶to的不定式。如：

I dare to swim across this river.He does not dare(to)answer.Don't you dare(to)touch it!I wondered he dare(to)say that.He needs to finish it this evening.另外need 的被動(dòng)含義：need，want，require，worth（形容詞）后面接doing，也 可以表示被動(dòng)：need doing=need to be done Shall用于第一人稱,表示征求對(duì)方的意愿.如：What shall we do this evening? 2.Shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問(wèn)句中,表示說(shuō)話人征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)或向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)示.如：Shall we begin our lesson? When shall he be able to leave the hospital? 3.Shall用于第二、第三人稱,表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方命令、警告、允諾或威脅.如：You shall fail if you don't work harder.（警告）He shall have the book when I finish reading.（允諾）He shall be punished.（威脅）

第三篇：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞教案

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞教案

Teaching Aims 【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】 1.Knowledge Aims（知識(shí)目標(biāo)）

1.掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, may, must, need, should…的含義和特點(diǎn)； 2.掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法。

2.Ability Aims（能力目標(biāo)）

1.Encourage the students to cooperate with others and enable them to formulate

grammatical rules.2.By learning, motivate the students 'inspiration and take an active part in the course of the class.3.Emotion Aims（情感目標(biāo)）

Build up the student’s confidence.Teaching Importance and Difficulties 【教學(xué)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)】

1.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的疑問(wèn)句和否定句； 2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)的用法。

Teaching Methods(教學(xué)方法)

Self-learning，cooperation and discussion自學(xué)（獨(dú)學(xué)、對(duì)學(xué)、群學(xué)）、合作、討論

Teaching Process(教學(xué)過(guò)程)Preparation and Self-learning 【自主學(xué)習(xí)、為新課奠基】

Complete the following tasks.（A級(jí) 識(shí)記類）（C層學(xué)生展示，B、A層學(xué)生補(bǔ)充）

一、何謂“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”？

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的情感、態(tài)度等，是中學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的重點(diǎn)，也是高考的熱點(diǎn)，是單項(xiàng)填空必考的一個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在近五年高考中主要考查四點(diǎn)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)和可能性的用法；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與虛擬語(yǔ)氣；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的表達(dá)“情感、態(tài)度、語(yǔ)氣等”，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示 “必要性”等方面的用法。

二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn) 1.沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化。2.有些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有過(guò)去式的變化: e.g.will → would , can → could , may→ might , dare → dared

三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定形式

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ not +動(dòng)詞原形can not: can't , must not: mustn't , need not : needn't Cooperation and Discussion 【合作探究、討論解疑】

Reading------知識(shí)問(wèn)題化、問(wèn)題層次化，提高閱讀能力！（B級(jí) 理解類）（B、C層學(xué)生展示，A層學(xué)生補(bǔ)充）

四、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法及相互間的區(qū)別（注意：這是常考的考點(diǎn)）

1.can , be able to be able to 表示經(jīng)過(guò)努力后, 能夠做到;be able to 有多種形式的變化。can 1).表示體力或腦力方面的能力;2).表示允許、可能性。

could 是can的過(guò)去式, 表示過(guò)去有能力及過(guò)去存在的可能性;用于疑問(wèn)句表示委婉地提出問(wèn)題。

1)The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____ get out.A.had to B.would C.could D.was able to 2)-Will you stay for lunch?-Sorry, __.My brother is coming to see me.A.I mustn't B.I can't C.I needn't D.I won't 2.may 表示詢問(wèn)或說(shuō)明一件事可不可做;表示某事有可能發(fā)生。might是may的過(guò)去式;用在疑問(wèn)中比may委婉、客氣。1)-May I take this book out of the reading-room?-No, you mustn't.(Yes, you may.)2)-Might I make a suggestion?-Yes, you may.3.must 1).表示必須要做的事: 必須

2)表示很有把握的推斷: 一定, 準(zhǔn)是。have(has)to : have(has)got to 必須, 不得不。過(guò)去式: had to 3)-Must I get to the station before three o'clock?-Yes, you must.(No, you needn't.)4)I'm afraid you will have to wait a while.5)She must be in the classroom now.6)Mary ____ be in Paris, I saw her in town only a few minutes ago.A.mustn't B.shouldn't C.can't D.may not 4.shall 1)在疑問(wèn)句中, 用于第一、三人稱表示說(shuō)話人征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)或向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)求。2)用于二、三人稱,表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方的 命令、警告、允諾等概念。1)Yes, please.(No, please don't.)2)You shall have the English book as soon as I finish it.3)Everything that he owns shall be taken away from him.4)Your brother seldom comes to see you, ____? A.does he B.doesn't he C.will he D.isn't he 5)It's a fine day.Let's go fishing, ____? A.won't we B.will we C.don't we D.shall we 5.should 應(yīng)該;應(yīng)當(dāng)

1)You should listen to the doctor's advice.2)You should study the article carefully.6.will, would 1)在疑問(wèn)句中用于第二人稱,表示說(shuō)話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求或詢問(wèn)。用would語(yǔ)氣更加婉轉(zhuǎn)。

2)will 表示現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài);would 表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。3)will 用于各種人稱, 表示 意志、意愿、決心、允諾;would 表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的 意志、意愿、......。

(1)Don't smoke in the meeting room, ___ you? A.do youB.will you C.can you D.could you-Will you come with me?-Yes, I will.(I am sorry , I can't.)(2)-Would you tell us something about yourself?-Yes, I will.(3)_____.A.I don't B.I won't C.I can't D.I haven't 7.ought to 應(yīng)該;應(yīng)當(dāng)

1)You oughtn't to smoke too much.2)She ____ for what she has done.A.ought to praise B.ought be praised C.ought to have praised D.ought to be praised 8.dare 1.dare to come 2.dare come 1)He dare not tell the truth.2)He doesn't dare to come out at night.3)I don't know whether he ____ try.A.dare B.needs C.wants D.is allowed 9.need 1).作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:必須 2).作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞: 需要

A.主語(yǔ)是人 need(to do something;to be done by somebody)B.主語(yǔ)是事物 need(doing;to be done)1)-Do they need to take any books with them?-No, they don't need to.2)-Need we buy any new equipment?-No, we needn't.3)This farm tool needs repairing.This farm tool needs to be repaired.4)-Shall I tell John about it ?-No, you ___.I've told him already.A.needn't B.wouldn't C.mustn't D.shouldn't 5)It's a fine day.You ____ take a raincoat with you.A.can't B.mustn't C.needn't D.may not [★★★]

五、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的解題例析

(1)認(rèn)真審題，結(jié)合所給出的語(yǔ)境，正確把握說(shuō)話者的語(yǔ)氣、情感、態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等。

(2)認(rèn)真思考所給選項(xiàng)中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本特征和用法，并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境推敲答案。(3)要注意把握時(shí)間概念。

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無(wú)論是表達(dá)“推測(cè)和可能性”，還是表達(dá)“虛擬”這一概念，只要是對(duì)過(guò)去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情進(jìn)行描述，一律用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”這一結(jié)構(gòu)；對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的事情進(jìn)行描述，用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞原形”。例如：

（NMET2008山東，24）Thank you for all your hard work last week.I don’t think we ______ it without you.A.can manage

B.could have managed C.could manage D.can have managed 根據(jù)題干中所給出的時(shí)間last week可知我們已經(jīng)做完了工作，已經(jīng)完成，故排除A、C兩項(xiàng)，再結(jié)合could have done表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣以及與前面的I don’t think…，故說(shuō)話者想表達(dá)的意思是：離開(kāi)了你，我們本不可能完成這項(xiàng)工作。故答案為B項(xiàng)。

Expansion and Improvement【知識(shí)拓展、能力提升】（D級(jí) 拓展類）（C、B層學(xué)生展示，A層學(xué)生補(bǔ)充）

★下面我們來(lái)看看常考的一些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞★

以下試題均來(lái)源于往年的高考試題，具有很強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性

(1)must表示推測(cè)，意為“一定??”，只能用于肯定句中。must have done意為：一定做過(guò)某事或某事肯定發(fā)生了。例如：

—She looks very happy.She ______ have passed the exam.—I guess so.It’s not difficult after all.A.should

B.could

C.must

D.might 【解析】句意為：她看上去很高興，一定是通過(guò)了考試。【答案】C(2)should(not)/ ought(not)to在中表示根據(jù)常規(guī)或常識(shí)推測(cè)，表示“某事應(yīng)該或不應(yīng)該發(fā)生”，語(yǔ)氣比must或can’t / couldn’t稍弱。例如：—How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? —It ________ be, but it is now heavily polluted.A.will

B.would

C.should

D.must 【解析】should此處表示推測(cè)，意為“應(yīng)該”。【答案】C ②There _________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.A.mustn’t

B.shan’t

C.shouldn’t

D.needn’t 【解析】句意：既然你在駕校進(jìn)行了大量訓(xùn)練，那么通過(guò)道路測(cè)試按理不應(yīng)該有困難。【答案】C(3)can, could表達(dá)推測(cè)時(shí)，一般用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中；can用于肯定句中表示一種理論上的可能性，并不牽涉是否真的會(huì)發(fā)生，在這種用法中can只能與動(dòng)詞原形連用；could用于肯定句中，語(yǔ)氣比may/ might更弱。例如： ①You ______ be hungry already — you had lunch only two hours ago!

A.wouldn’t

B.can’t

C.mustn’t

D.needn’t ②She ______ have left school, for her bike is still here.A.can’t

B.wouldn’t

C.shouldn’t

D.needn’t ③It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _____ be rather cold sometime.A.must

B.can

C.should

D.would ④Peter ____ be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.A.shall

B.should

C.can

D.must 【解析】①② 兩個(gè)考題中can用于中表示否定的推測(cè)，意為：不可能，一定不會(huì)； ③④兩個(gè)考題中can表示理論上的可能性，翻譯為：有時(shí)候會(huì)??。【答案】① B ② A

③ B ④ C(4)may(not)/ might(not)表達(dá)一種不太把握的推測(cè)，意為“或許，可能”；might的語(yǔ)氣比may較婉轉(zhuǎn)。例如：

① Liza ___ well not want to go on the trip---she hates traveling.A.will

B.can

C.must

D.may 【解析】may well為固定搭配，意為：很可能，極有可能。【答案】Ｄ

②

Although this ____ sound like a simple task, great care is needed.A.must

B.may

C.shall

D.should 【解析】這聽(tīng)起來(lái)或許是一項(xiàng)簡(jiǎn)單的任務(wù)，但卻需要極大的細(xì)心。【答案】B ③—I can’t find my purse anywhere.—You __ have lost it while shopping.A.may

B.can

C.should

D.would 【解析】結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，回答者是在提醒對(duì)方：或許購(gòu)物時(shí)把錢包丟了。【答案】A

（二）表達(dá)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

對(duì)過(guò)去的一種結(jié)果的假設(shè)或虛擬，用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done這一結(jié)構(gòu)，常用的有以下幾個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：

(1)should(not)/ ought(not)to have done本（不）應(yīng)該做某事，但卻沒(méi)有做或做了，含有責(zé)備或后悔之意。例如：

—I’m sorry.I _________at you the other day.—Forget it.I was a bit out of control myself.A.shouldn’t shout

B.shouldn’t have shouted C.mustn’t shout

C.mustn’t have shouted 【解析】對(duì)不起，我那天本不應(yīng)該對(duì)你大喊大叫的。【答案】B(2)could have done本來(lái)能夠做某事但未做。例如：

Thank you for all your hard work last week.I don’t think we ______ it without you.A.can manage

B.could have managed C.could manage

D.can have managed 【解析】根據(jù)題干中所給出的時(shí)間last week可知我們已經(jīng)做完了工作，已經(jīng)完成，故排除A、C兩項(xiàng)，再結(jié)合could have done表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣以及與前面的I don’t think?，故說(shuō)話者想表達(dá)的意思是：離開(kāi)了你，我們本不可能完成這項(xiàng)工作。【答案】B(3)needn’t have done本沒(méi)有必要做某事但卻做了。要注意needn’t do則表達(dá)“沒(méi)有必要去做某事”，時(shí)間上應(yīng)該是現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)。例如： ①—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.—Thanks.You ________ it.I could manage it myself.A.needn’t do

B.needn’t have done

C.mustn’t do

D.shouldn’t have done 【解析】根據(jù)句意可知Catherine對(duì)對(duì)方為她打掃了房間表示感謝并提到對(duì)方不必為她打掃房間。【答案】B ② The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we

go to work tomorrow.A.can’t

B.mustn’t

C.needn’t

D.shouldn’t 【解析】老板給所有的員工放了假，所以我們明天不必再去上班。【答案】C(4)would(not)have done本來(lái)(不)會(huì)發(fā)生某事，但卻（發(fā)生了）或沒(méi)有發(fā)生。常用于虛擬條件句或含蓄虛擬條件引導(dǎo)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示對(duì)過(guò)去所發(fā)生事情結(jié)果的假設(shè)。例如：

He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise, he ________ a goal.A.had scored

B.scored

C.would score

D.would have scored 【解析】句中otherwise為含蓄條件，相當(dāng)于if he had not hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball，這是對(duì)過(guò)去的一種虛擬假設(shè)。【答案】D(5)might have done表示“本來(lái)可能??”，但實(shí)際上沒(méi)有發(fā)生的事。例如： What a pity!Considering his ability and experience, he ________ better.A.need have done

B.must have done C.can have done

D.might have done 【解析】真是可惜！考慮到他的能力和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，他本來(lái)可以做得更好的。【答案】D

（三）表達(dá)“情感、態(tài)度、語(yǔ)氣” 等方面的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 1.must表達(dá)“情感、態(tài)度、語(yǔ)氣”主要有以下用法：

(1)表示主觀的義務(wù)和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句，意思為“必須??，得??，要??”；由must引起的疑問(wèn)句，肯定回答要用must或have to，否定回答要用needn’t或don’t have to,意思是“不必”。另外，must與have to都可以表示“必須”這一含義。must表示一種主觀的需要，而have to表示一種客觀的需要，意思是“不得不”，其否定形式是don’ have to。例如：-What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?--Well, it ______ be big--that's not important.A.mustn't

B.needn't

C.can't

D.won't

【解析】Something big?此處意為：Must it be big? 回答者的意思是：房子不必太大—那并不重要。

【答案】B

(2)must的否定形式mustn’t表示禁止，意思是“不能，不許”。例如： When I was young, I was told that I ______ play with matches

A.wouldn't

B.needn't

C.mustn't

D.daren't 【解析】當(dāng)我年輕的時(shí)候，（家人）就一直告誡我千萬(wàn)不要玩火柴。【答案】C(3)must用于條件句或疑問(wèn)句中，可以用來(lái)表示責(zé)備、抱怨的感情色彩，意思為“偏要，硬要、干嘛”。例如： ①—May I smoke here ? —If you ____, choose a seat in the smoking section.A.should

B.could

C.may

D.must ②John, look at the time.___________ you play the piano at such a late hour? A．Must

B．Can

C．May

D．Need 【解析】must在這兩道試題中均表示“非得，偏要”。【答案】① D

② A 2.should(1)should應(yīng)該，表示“責(zé)任和義務(wù)”。例如：

According to the air traffic rules, you ___ switch off your mobile phone before boarding.A.may

B.can

C.would

D.should 【解析】should此處表示根據(jù)交通法規(guī)應(yīng)盡的責(zé)任和義務(wù)。【答案】D(2)在虛擬條件句中用以加強(qiáng)假設(shè)語(yǔ)氣，表示“與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)”，用 If+主語(yǔ)+ should +動(dòng)詞原形，當(dāng)“萬(wàn)一(會(huì))”講。這時(shí)可省略if，將should提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式。請(qǐng)看下面的例子：

If it should rain(=Should it rain)tomorrow, I would stay at home.萬(wàn)一明天下雨的話，我就待在家里。再如：

________ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.A.Would you be

B.Should you be

C.Could you be

D.Might you be 【解析】句意：萬(wàn)一你被解雇，給你的醫(yī)療救助和其它方面的福利也不會(huì)被取消。【答案】B(3)should還可以用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某事不能理解、趕到意外、驚異等意思，譯為“竟然，竟會(huì)”。例如：

You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a lady.A.might

B.need

C.should

D.would 【解析】句意：你想象不到這么一個(gè)表現(xiàn)良好的紳士竟然會(huì)對(duì)一個(gè)女士這么粗魯。【答案】C 3.shall(1)shall用于第一和第三人稱，常用于疑問(wèn)句中，用來(lái)征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)。例如： ①—What’s the name? —Khulaifi._________ I spell it for you?

A.Shall

B.Would

C.Can

D.Might 【答案】A

(2)用于第二和第三人稱，表示“命令、威脅、警告、允諾、”等。例如： —Excuse me.But I want to use your computer to type a report.—You _____have my computer if you don’t take care of it.A.shan’t

B.might not

C.needn’t

D.shouldn’t 【解析】shall此處表示“警告”。【答案】A(3)shall也用于宣布法律、規(guī)定的要求。例如： ①—What does the sign over there read? —“No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area.”

A.will

B.may

C.shall

D.must 【解析】禁止吸煙是此處的規(guī)定。【答案】C 4.can(1)can可以用來(lái)表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度，主要用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句或感嘆句中。例如：

How ______ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have only covered only part of the article? A.can

B.must

C.need

D.may 【答案】A(2)can也可以用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求或許可。例如： —Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock.______I go out and play with Tom for a while? —No, I’m afraid not.Besides, it’s raining outside now.A.Can’t

B.Wouldn’t

C.May

D.Won’t 【答案】A(3)can可以表達(dá)一般的或永久的能力。be able to也可表達(dá)能力，但常用來(lái)表達(dá)在某件事情中所表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的能力，尤指克服困難能夠完成某事。例如： ①

If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing, I would invite her to the party.A.couldn’t

B.shouldn’t

C.can’t

D.might not ②

The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out.A.had to

B.would

C.could

D.was able to 【答案】C 5.would(1)will與would可表示“意愿；意志 ”。

例如： John promised his doctor he _____ not smoke and he has never smoked ever since.A.might

B.should

C.could

D.would 【解析】根據(jù)promise可知此處是John向醫(yī)生表明自己的意志。【答案】D(2)would表示過(guò)去傾向性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。used to 也有這一用法，但used to即可用來(lái)表達(dá)過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，也可用來(lái)表示過(guò)去的狀態(tài)。例如：

① When he was there, he ___ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.A.would

B.should

C.had better

D.might ② In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than ________.A.that used to be

B.it is used to

C.it was used to

D.it used to be 【解析】第一題would指過(guò)去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作；第二題it 替代life, used to be 指過(guò)去的樣子。【答案】A D

第四篇：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞教案

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

1.概念: 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞: 表示說(shuō)話者的某些觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度的詞語(yǔ).如 “能” , “或許” , “必須” , “需要” , “應(yīng)該” 等.2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要有: can, may, must, need, should, … 這些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面 + 動(dòng)詞原形.3.用法

① can ⑴ 表示能力,意為”能, 會(huì)”.如:

eg: I can play basketball.我會(huì)打籃球.---Can you play basketball ? 你會(huì)打籃球嗎?---Yes, I can./ No, I can’t.是的, 我會(huì)./ 不, 我不會(huì).⑵ 表示懷疑、猜測(cè)，常用 be 連用, 放在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。如：

eg: He can’t be in the room.他一定不在房間里.⑶ 表示請(qǐng)求或允許, 多用于口語(yǔ)中, 意為”可以”, 相當(dāng)于 may.如:

eg: You can go now.你現(xiàn)在可以走了.② could ⑴ 是can 的過(guò)去式, 表示過(guò)去的能力.如:

eg: I could swim when I was a child.當(dāng)我還是一個(gè)小孩子的時(shí)候我就會(huì)游泳了.⑵ couldn’t: “不能” 用could 提問(wèn)肯定和否定回答分別用 could, 和 couldn’t.如:

eg:---Could you skate last year? 你去年會(huì)滑冰嗎?

---Yes, I could./ No, I couldn’t.是的, 我會(huì)./ 不, 我不會(huì).③ may ⑴ 表示推測(cè), 意為“可能;或許” 用于肯定句中.eg: He may be a teacher.他或許是一個(gè)老師.⑵ 表示請(qǐng)求、許可，意為”可以” 如: eg:---May I borrow your book? 我可以借你的書嗎?

---Yes, you can./ No, you mustn’t.是的, 可以./ 不, 你你禁止借書.注意: 當(dāng)由may 來(lái)提問(wèn)的時(shí)候, 肯定回答我們用Yes, you can.否定回答用 No, you mustn’t.④ must ⑴ 表示“必須、應(yīng)該“；

eg: You must do your homework.你必須做作業(yè).⑵ 表示推測(cè), “一定” 常與be 動(dòng)詞連用.eg: He must be in the classroom.他一定在教室.⑶ must + not = mustn’t 禁止

eg: You mustn’t smoke.禁止吸煙.⑷ must 放于句首提問(wèn), 肯定回答Yes, you must.否定回答 No, you needn’t.⑸ must 與 have to 的區(qū)別：

must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀的看法．

have to 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是客觀因素． eg: I must do my homework.我必須做作業(yè)．（個(gè)人看法）

I have to go home now, because my mother is ill.我不得不回家，因?yàn)槲覌寢尣×耍陀^原因所導(dǎo)致）

⑤ need ⑴ 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞使用后跟動(dòng)詞原形.You needn’t come here so early.⑵ 作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞使用后接to do, He needs to drink some water.他需要喝些水.變否定句: He doesn’t need to drink any water.變疑問(wèn)句: Does he need to drink any water? Yes, he does./ No, he doesn’t.⑥ should “應(yīng)該” 一般指應(yīng)盡的某種義務(wù)．

eg: As a student, we should finish our homework.作為一個(gè)學(xué)生，我們應(yīng)該完成作業(yè)．

練習(xí)：

（）1.Mr Wang ______ be in Nanjing now, he went to Beijing only this morning.A.mustn’t

B.may not

C.can’t

D.needn’t（）2.–Must I saty at home, Mum?

--No, you ______.A.needn’t

B.mustn’t

C.don’t

D.may not（）3.–Can you go swimming with us this afternoon?

--Sorry, I can’t.I _____ take care of my little sister at home because my mother is ill.A.can

B.may

C.would

D.have to（）4.–May I go to the cinema, Mum?--Certainly.But you ______ be back by 11 o’clock.A.can

B.may

C.must

D.need（）5.To make our city more beautiful, rubbish ______ into the river.A.needn’t be thrown

B.mustn’t be thrown

C.can’t throw

D.may not throw（）6.–May I go out to play basketball, Dad?--No, you ______.You must finish your homework first.A.mustn’t

B.may not

C.couldn’t

D.needn’t（）7.–Where is Jack, please ?

--He _____ be in the reading room.A.can

B.need

C.would

D.must（）8.–Who is the man over there? Is it Mr Li?

--No, it ______ be him.Mr Li is much taller.A.musn’t

B.may not

C.can’t

D.needn’t

（）9.These books ______ out of the reading room.You have to read them here.A.can’t take

B.must be taken

C.can take

D.mustn’t be taken（）10.–Mum, may I watch TV now?

--Sure, but you ______ help me with my housework first.A.can

B.may

C.must

D.could（）11.The boy said he had to speak English in class, but he ______ speak it after calss.A.could

B.didn’t have to

C.might

D.shouldn’t（）12.–Must we hand in the papers now?

--No, you ______.A.can’t

B.may not

C.mustn’t

D.needn’t（）13.John ______ go there with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure about it.A.must

B.can

C.will

D.may（）14.Even the top students in our class can’t work out this problem.So it ______ be very difficult.A.can

B.may

C.must

D.need（）15.Put on more clothes.You ______ be feeling cold with only a shirt on.A.can

B.could

C.would

D.must（）16.It’s still early.You ______.A.mustn’t hurry

B.wouldn’t hurry

C.may not hurry

D.don’t have to hurry（）17.–May I stop here?

--No, you ______.A.mustn’t

B.might not

C.needn’t

D.won’t（）18.A computer ______ think for itself, it must be told what to do.A.can’t

B.couldn’t

C.may not

D.might not（）19.–Could I borrow your dictionary?

--Yes, of course you _______.A.might

B.will

C.can

D.should（）20.Peter ______ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.A.must

B.may

C.can

D.will（）21.Michael ______ be a policeman, for he’s much too short.A.needn’t

B.can’t

C.should

D.may（）22.______ I know your name?

A.May

B.Will

C.Shall

D.Must（）23.You ______ be more careful next time.A.have to

B.may

C.must

D.might（）24.You ______ miss the lesson, though we ______ have it on Thursday.A.mustn’t;needn’t

B.needn’t;mustn’t

C.mustn’t;mustn’t

D.needn’t;needn’t（）25.This pen looks like mine, yet it isn’t.whose ______ it be?

A.must

B.may

C.would

D.can（）26.What kinds of homes will we live in the future? Nobody ______ be sure, but scientists are working out new ideas now.A.will

B.may

C.can

D.must（）27.I ______ like to know where you were born.A.shall

B.should

C.do

D.may（）28.______ you be happy!

A.Might

B.Must

C.Wish

D.May（）29.A teacher ______ do every exercise, but a student must.A.may not

B.needn’t

C.can’t

D.mustn’t（）30.The matter ______ be changed into a gas, but it _______ be heated to its boiling point.A.may;needn’t

B.may;can

C.mustn’t;needn’t

D.can;must（）31.Teachers and students ______ look coldly at you for a day or two, but there are friendly feelings in their hearts.A.must

B.can

C.may

D.should（）32.Cars and buses ______ stop when the traffic lights turn red.A.can

B.need

C.may

D.must（）33.–Do you think his story ______ true?--I don’ think so.But it sounds good.A.must be

B.may be

C.can be

D.has to be（）34.Look out!The knife is very sharp.You ______ cut your finger.A.need

B.must

C.should

D.may（）35.–How long ______ the book be kept?

--For two weeks, but you ______ return it on time.A.can;may

B.may;need

C.can;must

D.must;need（）36.– May I have an apple, Mum?

--Certainly.But you ______ wash your hands first?

A.may

B.must

C.can

D.need（）37.–There is a lot of smoke coming out of the teaching building there.--Really? It ______ be a fire, most probably.A.can

B.ought to

C.may

D.must（）38.–Shall I tell John about the bad news?

--No, you ______.I think that will make him sad.A.needn’t

B.wouldn’t

C.shouldn’t

D.mustn’t（）39.–Could I call you by your first name?

--Yes, you ______.A.will

B.could

C.may

D.might（）40.–Let’s go to the cinema, shall we?

--_______.A.No, I can’t

B.Yes, I will

C.Yes, thank you

D.No, we’d better not（）41.--______ the man over there be our new teacher?

--He ______ be, but I’m not sure.A.May;mustn’t

B.Can;may

C.Must;can’t

D.Can;can’t（）42.–Someone is knocking at the door.Who ______ it be?

--It ______ be Tom.He is still in the school.A.can;can’t

B.can;mustn’t

C.might;could

D.might;may（）43.Lily finished _______ the book yesterday.A.read

B.reading

C.to read

D.reads（）44.Susan’s parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool.It _______ be very expensive.A.must

B.can

C.mustn’t

D.can’t（）45.–The room is so dirty._______ we clean it?

--Of course.A.Will

B.Would

C.Do

D.Shall

第五篇：Be動(dòng)詞&助動(dòng)詞練習(xí)題

Be動(dòng)詞練習(xí)題

1.There ________(be)many monkeys in the mountain.2.There_________(be)a beautiful garden in our school.3.There _________(be)some water in the glass.4.There __________(be)some bread on the table.5._______(be)Tom ___________(read)a book now?

6.Where ________(be)your friends yesterday?

7.When _________(do)your father usually _________(go)to work?

8.How old __________(be)you last year?

9.Which dog ________(be)yours?

10.Ten and two ________(be)twelve

選擇填空：

1.My brother ____ a teacher.He ____ his pupils very much.A.is, like B.is, likes C.are, likes D.are, like 2.A: How many days ____ there in a week? B: There ____ seven.A.is, is B.are, are C.is, are D.are, is 3.The boy ____ ill today.A.are B.is C.be D.am 4.What _____ your father _____?

A.do, like

B.is, like

C.are, likes

D.does, like 5._____ you go to school by bus?

A.Are

B.Is

C.Do

D.Does 6.When _____ your birthday?

A.are

B.is

C.do

D.does 7.Which ____ bigger, the sun or the moon? A.are B.is C.be D.× 8.My teacher often _____ shopping on Sundays.A.goes

B.gos

C.go

D.goed 9.Listen!The children_____________.A.sings

B.are singing

C.is singing

D.is sing 10.Her voice ____ like my mother's.A.sounds B.sound C.looks D.look 11.It often rains and the crops ____ fast.A.get B.turn C.grow D.become 12.A: How are you ____ now? B: Much better, thank you.A.getting B.feeling C.making D.turning 13.He _____ swimming.A.don’t likes

B.doesn’t likes

C.not like

D.doesn’t like 14.What ______ they _____ on Saturdays?

A.does, does

B.do, do

C.do, does

D.does, do 15.Yang Ling______do exercise with____.A.doesn’t, us

B.don’t, we

C./, us D.don’t, us

初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法練習(xí)題：主謂一致

1.Each of you ______ responsible for the accident.a.am b.be c.is d.are 2.Each man and woman ______ the same rights.a.has b.have c.had d.is having 3.Every means ______ tried but without much result.a.has been b.have been c.are d.is 4.There ______ in this room.a.are too much furniture b.is too many furnitures c.are too much furnitures d.is too much furniture 5.The manager or his assistant ______ planning to go.a.were b.are c.was d.be 6.Not only I but also David and Iris ______ fond of playing basketball.a.am b.is c.are d.was 7.Neither Tom nor his parents ______ at home.a.is b.are c.has d.was 8.Either the dean or the principal ______ the meeting.a.attends b.attend c.are attending d.have attended 9.______ was wrong.a.Not the teacher but the students b.Both the students and the teacher c.Neither the teacher not the students d.Not the students but the teacher