第一篇：模聯詞匯~（范文模版）

會議指導Director

主席助理Rappotuer

代表Delegate

國家集團Bloc

點名Role Call

確定議題Setting the Agenda

產生發言名單Open the Speakers? List

讓渡 時 間Yield Time

讓渡給他國代表Yield Time to Another Delegate 讓渡給問題Yield Time to Questions

讓渡給主席Yield Time to Chair

動 議Motion

動議更改發言時間Motion to Change the Speaking Time 動議有主持核心磋商Motion for a Moderated Caucus 動議自由磋商Motion for an Un-moderated Caucus 問題Point

咨詢性問題Point of Inquiry

程序性問題Point of Order

個人特權問題Point of Personal Privilege

文件MUN Documents

立場文件Position Paper

工作文件Working Paper

決議草案Draft Resolution

修正案Amendment

起草國Sponsor

附議國Signatory

結束辯論Close the Debate

投票表決Vote

意向條Page

國家牌Placard

第二篇：模聯詞匯

Abstain 棄權

During a vote on a substantive matter, a delegate may abstain rather than vote yes or no.This means that the delegate neither supports nor opposes the resolution on the go.在一個關于實體性問題的投票中，代表除了可以選擇“是”或者“否”，還可以選擇“棄權”。這意味著此代表既不支持也不反對正在進行投票表決的決議。Agenda 議程

Agenda is the order of topics to be discussed in a conference, usually being set after the roll call.點名完畢后，委員會所設定的議題討論順序。Amendment 修正案

Amendment is a form of document to amend a draft resolution.The two types of amendments are friendly amendment and unfriendly amendment.修正案是用來對正在討論的決議草案提出修改意見的文件。修正案分為兩種：友好修正案與非友好修正案。Background Guide 背景指導

A background guide is a research report of topics on the conference written by the dais and distributed to the delegates before the conference.背景指導是一份關于會議即將討論議題的調研報告，一般由會議主席團撰寫，并在會前分發給各國代表。Binding 約束力

Binding is the legal force to impose UN resolutions on the Member States.Resolutions of Security Council and the Internaitonal Court of Justice are binding.Decisions made by the General Assembly and Economic and Social Council are non-binding.約束力是指聯合國決議對成員國具有法律效力。安理會決議和聯合國國際法庭的判決是具有約束力的；而聯合國大會和經社委員會的決議不具有約束力。Bloc 國家集團

A bloc is a group of countries within a same geographical region or holding similar country positions on a particular topic.The determining factor in forming a bloc is sharing the common national interests.一組處于同一地理區域或者就某一議題有類似觀點的國家。組成國家集團的決定性因素是具有共同的國家利益。Bloc Leader 集團領導者

A bloc leader is the delegate who plays the leading role in a bloc.在一個國家集團中充當著領導者的代表。Caucus 磋商

Caucus is a form of discussion in formal debate, in which delegates may discuss a subtopic more specifically.There are two types of caucus: moderated caucus and un-moderated caucus.磋商是正式辯論過程中一種深入討論議題的方式。磋商分為兩種類型：有主持核心磋商和自由磋商。Chair 主席

Chair is a member of the dais who is responsible for moderating debate, timing, ruling on points and motions, and imposing the rules of procedure.主席是負責主持辯論、計時、裁決問題及動議，并執行會議流程的主席團成員。

Committee 委員會

A committee is a deliberative assembly, an organization comprising members who use parliamentary procedure for making decisions.In Model UN conference, committees are usually the simulations of principal organs, subsidiary bodies, programs, funds, research and training institutes, special organizations, entities or regional commissions of UN system.Delegates discuss relevant topics and resolutions according to the given functions, powers, and rules of procedure of the committees.“委員會”是一個協商會議，一個由代表組成,按議事程序討論議題并做出決策的有序組織。模擬聯合國會議中的委員會大多模仿聯合國主要機構、附屬機構、規劃署、基金會、調研及培訓機構、特殊組織、實體和區域委員會建立。代表需依據所在委員會的職權范圍和議事規則討論相關議題。Crisis 危機

“Crisis”, to which delegates must respond immediately, is an emergent matter or unexpected event that happens during a conference.Usually designed by the dais before the conference, a crisis may be related to the topic being discussed on the floor.The forms of crisis include

news report, official document from international organizations, video profile, or directive from embassies or governments.危機是會議進行當中，各國代表需要立即處理的突發性事件。模聯會議中的危機一般由主席團在會前設置好，事件可能與代表們討論的議題相關。事件的形式有若干種，可能是突發事件的新聞報道，可能是國際組織的文件，可能是相關人員的視頻資料，也可能是外交官派出國政府發來的外交指令等。Dais 主席團

Usually consisted of a Chair, a Director and a Rapporteur, a dais is a group of people in charge of a Model UN conference.主席團由主席、會議總監和主席助理組成，負責組織模擬聯合國的會議。Delegate 代表

Representing an UN Member State, an observer or an international organization, delegate is a person chosen or elected to express views in a Model UN conference.代表是模擬聯合國會議中受委托或指派表達意見的人，可以代表一個聯合國成員國，一個觀察國，或一個國際組織。Delegation 代表團

Delegation is a group of delegates representing the same UN Member State, an observer or an international organization in a Model UN conference.Delegation is also used to describe the delegates from the same participating group, e.g.the same high school or college.代表團是指模聯會議中，在不同委員會代表同一個成員國或觀察國的全體代表。代表團也指來自同一參與團體的所有代表，例如來自同一高中或大學的全體代表。Director 會議總監

Director is a member of the dais who is in charge of overseeing delegates' role-playing, document writing and topic researching.會議總監是負責監督代表角色扮演、文件寫作及議題調研的主席團成員。Draft Resolution 決議草案

Written by the delegates, draft resolution is a form of document that seeks to solve the issues addressed by a Model UN committee.If passed by the committee, the draft resolution will become a resolution.Only one draft resolution will be passed for each topic in a committee.決議草案是由代表草擬、為委員會所討論的議題尋求解決方案的一種文件格

式。如果被投票通過，那么決議草案就成為正式決議。在一個委員會中，有關同一個議題的決議草案只能通過一份。Draft Directive 指令草案

Draft directive is a form of document that aims at successfully solving the crisis.A draft directive is only composed by operative clauses.The actions taken under the directive need to be instant and effective instead of long-term.Amandments are welcome to a draft directive, of which the unfriendly ones shall be passed after votes.指令草案是針對危機處理的文件。指令草案的表決通過標志著危機的成功解決。指令草案由行動性條款構成。指令草案的行動措施要立即、有效，避免長遠規劃。代表可以對指令草案提出修正案，其中，非友好修正案也需要表決。

Faculty Advisor 指導教師

Faculty Advisor is a teacher or faculty responsible for advising students to run a Model UN club and training a delegation.指導教師是負責指導學生運營模擬聯合國社團并訓練模聯代表團的教學人員。

Flow of the Debate 會議流程

Flow of debate is the order in which events proceed during a Model UN conference.會議流程是模聯會議中事件進行的順序。Formal Debate 正式辯論

The standard type of debate at a Model UN conference, in which delegates speak for a certain period of time in the order based on the speakers' list.在一個模聯會議中標準形式的討論。代表按照發言名單確定的順序在規定時間內進行演講。

Friendly Amendment 友好修正案

A friendly amendment is a change to the draft resolution that all sponsors agree with.After the amendment signed by all of the draft resolution's sponsors and approved by the committee director or president, it will be automatically incorporated into the resolution.友好修正案是原決議草案全部起草國均贊成的對決議草案內容的改動。在全部起草國簽字同意后，一份修正案便成為友好修正案，并自動被加入到原決議草案中。

Gavel 槌

The tool, shaped like a small wooden hammer, is used by the Chair to keep order within a Model UN committee.Many conferences give the gavel to the delegate recognized by the dais as the best in that committee;therefore, the term is frequently used to refer to the award given to the best delegate, even in cases where no actual gavel is given.主席用來維持模聯委員會秩序的一個小木錘形狀的工具。很多會議都把委員會中使用過的槌贈與主席團選出的該委員會的最佳代表。所以，這個詞也常常用來指贈與最佳代表的獎勵，哪怕事實上并沒有。Global Village 地球村

Global Village is an activity in which delegates can display different cultures of the countries via exhibitions.在模聯會議進行過程中舉行的展示各國文化的活動。Head Delegate 首席代表

Head delegate is the chief representative of a Model UN delegation.首席代表是一個模聯代表團中的領隊。In favor of 支持

In favor is to agree to pass a motion.There must be over half of the delegates in favor of a motion in order to pass it.即支持該動議通過。當超過半數的與會代表支持該動議通過，主席團才能予以執行。Lobbying 游說

Lobbying is a form of advocacy with the intention of influencing decisions made by other delegates during a conference.游說是一種通過陳述觀點來影響會場內他國代表意見的行為。Member State 成員國

A country that has ratified the Charter of the United Nations and whose application to join has been accepted by the General Assembly and Security Council.Currently, there are 192 member states.The only internationally recognized state that is not a member state is the Holy See.一個批準了聯合國憲章、并且加入申請已經被聯合國大會和安理會接受的國

家。目前聯合國一共有192個成員國。唯一一個國際承認的非成員國家是教廷梵蒂岡。

Moderated Caucus 有主持核心磋商

A type of caucus with a specific topic and restricted total time, moderated Caucus enables delegates to focus on detailed problems in a short period of time.一種有特定主題、限總發言時間的磋商形式。有主持核心磋商可以讓代表在短時間內關注更為具體的問題。Motion 動議

A suggestion made by a delegate to change the current process.A motion might refer to a caucus, an adjournment, an introduction to a draft resolution, or closing the debate.由代表提出的改變現有會議進程的建議，需要全體代表投票表決。這些動議的內容可以是進行磋商、休會、介紹決議草案或者進入投票階段。Motion to Close Debate 動議停止辯論

A motion to close debate is not the same as the motion to suspend meeting.Rather, it is used to move the committee to a vote, usually when the delegate has made his or her country's position clear and there are enough and fully discussed draft resolutions on the floor.動議結束辯論與動議暫停會議有所不同。當結束辯論的動議生效后，會議將進入投票階段。此動議一般在代表認為立場已經得到充分闡述，且決議草案已較為完善的情況下提出。

Motion for a Moderated Caucus 動議有主持核心磋商動議

Delegates make a motion for a moderated caucus in order to set a discussion on a specific topic.To motion for a moderated caucus, delegates are required to propose topic, total time and the speaking time for each delegate.代表通過動議有主持核心磋商來進行議題的深入討論。有主持核心磋商討論的主題、總時間、各代表發言時間由提出此動議的代表提出。Motion to Set Speaking Time 動議更改發言時間

Delegates propose a motion to set the speaking time for the purpose of setting or changing the amount of time each delegate has to speak in the speakers' list.代表可以通過動議更改發言時間，來重置每位代表在發言名單中的發言時間。

Motion to Suspend the Meeting 動議暫停會議

Delegates propose a motion to suspend the meeting for the purpose of ending a session and having a break.代表動議暫停會議可以結束會議的一個階段，并使會議進入休息時間。Motion for an Unmoderated Caucus 動議自由磋商

A motion for an unmoderated caucus is usually proposed under the purpose to set a free discussion so that the delegates can exchange ideas with other delegates in your bloc.Delegates need to set the total time for an unmoderated caucus in the motion.提出自由磋商動議的代表需要規定時間。一旦動議獲得通過，在規定時間內代表可以離開座位，更為密切地和盟友們交換意見。MUNer 模聯人

People who have participated or are participating in Model UN activity.曾經參與過或正在參與模擬聯合國活動的人。Observer 觀察員

An observer is a state, national organization, regional organization, or non-governmental organization that is not a member of the UN nor a member of a specific committee, but participates in the debates.Observers can vote on procedural matters but not substantive matters, e.g.the Holy See or the State of Israel participating in the Security Council meeting regarding Israel-Palestine conflict.一個不是聯合國成員或某特定委員會成員的國家、政府組織、區域組織或者非政府組織。國家觀察員可以對程序性問題投票，但是不能對實體性問題進行投票。例如教廷梵蒂岡和參與安全理事會巴以問題討論的以色列。On the floor 被討論狀態

At a Model UN conference, when a working paper or draft resolution is first written, it may not be discussed in debate.After it is approved by the Director and introduced by the committee, it is put “on the floor” and may be further discussed.在模聯會議中，一份工作文件或者決議草案剛剛完成的時候不能夠被討論。只有在得到會議指導的認可并且被委員會介紹后，它才進入“被討論狀態”進而可以被廣泛討論。Operative Clause 行動性條款

Operative clause is a part of a resolution which describes how the UN will address a problem.The clauses are written with verbs in third person singular form as beginning(e.g.decides, establishes, recommends, etc.).決議中描述聯合國將如何解決問題的部分，以動詞第三人稱單數（比如決定，成立，建議等等）開頭。Page 意向條

In order to maintain the order of the conference, a delegate should write notes on pages to ask questions, lobby or negotiate with other delegates or a dais member during a session.Pages should be written in the official working language of the committee.為了維持會場秩序，開會期間代表如有任何問題或者需要進行游說、溝通，都要通過書寫并傳遞意向條的方式向其他代表或主席團成員表達。意向條的書寫需要符合該委員會的工作語言要求。Pager 意向條傳遞者

A delegate in a Model UN committee that has volunteered to pass pages from one delegate to another, or from a delegate to the dais, for a short period of time.委員會中志愿在代表間或者代表與主席團之間暫時傳遞意向條的代表。Parliamentary Procedure 議會議事程序

Parliamentary procedure is based on the consideration of the rights: of the majority, of the minority, of individual members, of absentee members, of all of these groups taken together.基于平衡原則，為保護各種人和人群的權利（包括意見占多數的人，意見占少數的人，甚至是每一個人，以及沒有出席會議的人）而制定出的議事規則，即為議會議事程序。Placard 國家牌

A piece of cardstock with a country's name on it that a delegate raises in the air to answer the roll call or signal to the Chair that he or she wishes to speak.一塊寫著國家名稱的硬紙板，代表舉起它回應點名或向主席示意希望發言。Point 問題

A request raised by a delegate for information or for an action relating to that delegate.Examples include a point of order, a point of inquiry, and a point of personal privilege.代表提出的關于信息或者相關行動的要求。包括程序性問題、詢問性問題和個人權利問題。Point of Order 組織性問題

A point of order is used when a delegate believes the chair has made an error in the running of the committee.The delegate should only specify the errors they believe were made in the formal committee procedure, but may not address when the topic being discussed.當代表認為主席在主持會議中產生錯誤時，可提出組織性問題，以糾正主席錯誤。代表需要明晰該錯誤為何不符合該委員會的規則流程。組織性問題可以打斷進程提出，但不能在討論議題時提出。Point of Inquiry 咨詢性問題

A point of inquiry(also known as a point of parliamentary procedure)can be made when the floor is open(i.e.when no other delegate is speaking)in order to ask the chairperson a question regarding the rules of procedure.當代表對于會議程序有不明白的地方時，可以在臺上沒有代表發言時舉牌向主席咨詢。

Point of Personal Privilege 個人特權問題

A delegate may raise a point of personal privilege in order to inform the chairperson of a physical discomfort he or she is experiencing, such as not being able to hear another delegate's speech.當代表在會場上感覺有任何身體上的不適時，可以提出個人特權問題，例如：無法聽到臺上代表講話。Position Paper 立場文件

An essay details a country's policies on the topics being discussed in the committee, usually written and delivered to the dais by delegates before a Model UN conference.一份針對委員會即將討論議題的國家立場闡述文件，需要代表在會前書寫完成并提交至主席團。

Preambulatory Clauses 序言性條款

The part of a resolution that describes previous actions taken on the topic and reasons why the resolution is necessary.It begins with a participle or adjective(e.g.noting, concerned, regretting, aware of, recalling, etc.).決議中描述之前與議題有關的行動以及決議的必要性的部分。一般以分詞或者形容詞開頭。Present 到/出席

“Present” refers to “in attendance”.Delegates who are in presence are required to raise up their placards and answer “Present” when their countries' names are called during the roll call.Delegates need to send pages to the dais to inform their attendance if they didn't arrive at the conference on time.In special committees consisting of delegates with rights to vote and those without, delegates need to announce “Present and Voting” or “Present” according to the procedure.“到”即為“出席”。當國家名在點名中被點到時，代表需高舉國家牌并回答“到”。如果代表未及時出席，需到場后用意向條告知主席團。在一些特殊的委員會中，只有部分代表有權投票。在此情況下，有權投票的代表在點名中需回答“出席并投票”，其他代表只需回答“到”即可。Procedural Questions 程序性問題

關于一個委員會運行方式的問題，與和議題相關的問題相反。所有出席會議的代表都必須就程序性問題投票而不能棄權。Having to do with the way a committee runs, as opposed to the topic being discussed.All delegates present must vote on procedural matters and may not abstain.Quorum 法定人數

The minimum number of delegates needed to be present for a committee to meet.In the General Assembly, a quorum consists of one third of the members to begin debate, and a majority of members to pass a resolution.In the Security Council, no quorum exists for the body to debate, but more than nine members must be present to pass a resolution.一個委員會或者會議需要出席的最小代表人數。在聯合國大會，開始討論的法定人數為成員的三分之一，通過決議則需要半數以上。在安理會沒有開始討論的法定人數，但是必須有9個以上成員出席才能通過一個決議。Rapporteur 主席助理

A member of the dais whose duties include keeping the speakers' list and taking the roll call.主席團中負責發言名單和點名程序的成員。Resolution 決議

A document that has been passed by an organ of the UN that aims to address a particular problem or issue.To the UN, a resolution is the equivalent of a law.聯合國機構通過的用于解決一個特別的問題或爭議的文件。在聯合國相當于法律。

Right of Reply 答辯權

A right to speak in reply to a previous speaker's comment, invoked when a delegate feels personally insulted by another's speech.It generally requires a written note to the Chair to be invoked.回應前面發言人的評論的發言權利，當代表覺得個人受到其他代表發言的羞辱時采用。一般需要給主席一個書面的短簽。Robert's Rules of Order 羅伯特議事規則

After General Henry M.Robert brought the publication of Pocket Manual of Rules of Order to the ordinary societies in 1876, Robert Rules of Order has been recognized as a time-tested method of conducting business at meetings and public gatherings in world wide.It can be adapted to fit the needs of any organization.Today, Robert's Rules of Order newly revised is the basic handbook of operation for most clubs, organizations and other groups including Model United Nations.自1876年首次出版，由羅伯特將軍編撰的《羅伯特議事規則》已成為世界上最廣受承認的議事規則標準，也是模擬聯合國規則流程制定的藍本。無論對于議事專家、還是新上任的協會主席來說，它都是高效、有序、公平的會議的有力保障。Roll Call 點名

Roll call is the first order of business in a Model UN committee, during which the Rapporteur reads aloud the names of each member state in the committee.When a delegate's country's name is called, he or she may respond “present” or “present and voting.” A delegate responding “present and voting” may not abstain on a substantive vote.點名是模聯委員會的第一個程序，其間會務報告人會大聲讀出委員會中每一個成員國的名稱。當國家名被叫到的時候，代表需要回答“出席”或者“出席并投票”，回答“出席并投票”的代表在后面的實體性投票中不能棄權。Roll Call Vote 唱名表決

The special voting procedure to draft resolution is roll call vote.After the roll call, delegates may vote for yes, no or abstain on each draft resolution.Each committee will only pass one draft resolution

on each topic.Other draft resolutions will not be voted as long as one has been passed.對決議草案的表決為唱名表決。主席團首先點名確認到場的國家代表，隨后被點到國家名的代表需表決贊成、反對或棄權。對于一個議題，一個委員會只能通過一個決議草案，一旦有一份決議草案獲得通過，將不會再對未表決的決議草案進行投票。Rules of procedure 議事規則

The rules by which a Model UN committee is run.模擬聯合國會議召開所遵循的程序與規則。Second 附議

Second is to agree with a motion being proposed.Many motions must be seconded before they are brought to a vote.贊同一個被提出的動議。很多動議必須有附議才能投票表決。Secretariat 秘書處

Secretariat is the organ in charge of conference affairs;normally it consists of Director of Academics, Liaison(Delegate Coordinator), Director of Logistics, Director of Technology etc.秘書處又稱組委會，主要負責模擬聯合國會議的學術及會務組織工作，通常由學術總監、代表聯系人、會務總監、技術總監等人員組成。Secretary General 秘書長

The supreme leader of the Model UN conference, in charge of the secretariat and dais.模擬聯合國會議的最高負責人，掌控組委會及主席團的各項工作。Signatory 附議國

A country that wishes a draft resolution to be put on the floor and signs the draft resolution to accomplish this.A signatory need not support a resolution;it only wants it to be discussed.Usually, Model UN conferences require some minimum number of sponsors and signatories for a draft resolution to be approved.希望一份決議草案能夠被討論并且簽字支持此行為的國家。附議國并不一定支持此決議，而只是希望能夠得到討論。通常，模聯會議對通過一個決議草案有最低起草國和附議國數量的要求。Simple Majority 簡單多數

50% plus one to the number of delegates in a committee.It is the amount needed to pass most votes.委員會中50%加1的代表人數。大多數投票所需要的人數。Speakers' List 發言名單

A list that determines the order in which delegates will speak.Whenever a new topic is opened for discussion, the Chair will create a speakers' list by asking all delegates wishing to speak to raise their placards and calling on them one at a time.During debate, a delegate may indicate that he or she wishes to be added to the speakers' list by sending a note to the dais.決定代表發言順序的名單。任何時候只要一個新的議題開始討論，主席都會要求所有愿意發言的代表舉起國家牌,然后以逐一念出國家名的方式建立一個發言名單。在討論中，代表可以隨時向主席團傳遞意向條要求把自己加入發言名單。

Speaking Time 發言時間

The time of public speaking in formal debate usually refers to the time for each delegate in the speakers' list.正式辯論中的發言時間多指發言名單中每位代表擁有的發言時間。Two Thirds Majority 三分之二多數

A two thirds majority in parliamentary procedure requires at least two thirds of the entire membership(as two thirds of those present and voting)vote in favor.This is usually used when the committee is voting on draft resolutions or draft directives.議會議事規則中的三分之二多數是指全體出席及有投票權的代表中的三分之二均投贊成票。三分之二多數一般用于決議草案與指令草案的表決。Unmoderated Caucus 自由磋商

A type of caucus in which delegates leave their seats to mingle and speak freely.Enables the free sharing of ideas to an extent which is not possible in formal debate or even a moderated caucus.Frequently used to sort countries into blocs and to write working papers and draft resolutions.一種代表可以離開座位自由組合與交談的磋商形式。使在正式辯論和有主持核心磋商過程中程度上達不到的自由交換意見成為可能。經常在組成國家集團及寫作工作文件和決議草案的時候采用。非友好修正案Unfriendly Amendment

An unfriendly amendment is a change that some or all of the draft resolution's sponsors do not support and must be voted upon by the committee.The author(s)of the amendment will need to obtain a required number of signatories in order to introduce it(usually 20 percent of the committee).Prior to voting on the draft resolution, the committee votes on all unfriendly amendments.The sponsor of the draft resolution can not become the sponsor nor signatories to an unfriendly amendment, while the signatories of the draft resolution may sign it.如果原決議草案的起草國未就此修正案達成一致性同意意見，該修正案即成為非友好修正案。非友好修正案需要征集到與會代表的20%作為附議國簽名，才可以向大會主席提交。原決議草案的起草國不能成為非友好修正案的起草國或附議國，原決議草案的附議國則可以簽署非友好修正案。Veto 否決權

The ability, held by China, France, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, and the United States to prevent any draft resolution in the Security Council from passing by voting no.中國、法國、俄羅斯、英國和美國具有的在安理會中投“否”而阻止決議草案通過的能力。Vote 投票

A time at which delegates indicate whether they do or do not support a proposed action for the committee.There are two types: procedural and substantive.代表們表示是否支持或者不支持一個針對委員會提出的行動的時刻。有兩種類型：程序性和實體性。Voting Procedure 投票階段

The period at the end of a committee session during which delegates vote on proposed amendments and draft resolutions.Nobody may enter or leave the room during voting procedure.在委員會會期將要結束時，代表們對提出的修正案和決議草案進行投票的一段時間。在此期間沒有人可以進入或者離開。Working Paper 工作文件

A document in which the ideas of some delegates on how to resolve an issue are proposed.Frequently the precursor to a draft resolution.一份由部分國家代表或某一利益集團提出的關于如何解決問題的想法的文件。通常是一份決議草案的雛形。

Yield 讓渡

Speakers shall yield the floor at the end of their speech when the remaining speaking time is over 15 seconds.正式辯論階段發言結束所用時間仍有剩余且超過15秒時，代表把剩余時間用作其它事情的行為。

Yield Time to Another Delegate 讓渡給他國代表

After the completion of a speakers' list speech, a delegate may yield time to another delegate.This means that with the remaining time in the speech, another delegate will be able to elaborate on the ideas that the first delegate presented.Please note that only one yield may be made per speaker on the speakers' list.讓渡國代表和被讓渡國代表協商一致后，被讓渡國代表可在讓渡國代表剩余發言時間內發言。如時間還有剩余，不得再讓渡給另一位代表。Yield Time to the Chair 讓渡給主席

After the completion of a speakers' list speech, a delegate may yield to the chair.This means that the chair will absorb the remaining time in the speech(meaning nothing will happen with any time remaining).代表將剩余時間讓給主席，意味著代表將放棄時間。主席將繼續主持會議。Yield Time to Questions 讓渡給問題

After the completion of a speakers' list speech, a delegate may yield time to questions.This means that with the remaining time, the chair will call upon other delegates to ask questions to the delegate that is giving the speech.The time taken for a delegate to ask the question will not be counted towards the time remaining in the speech.Please note that the questions asked must pertain to the speech that was just given.代表將剩余時間讓渡給問題，主席會請需要提問的代表舉牌，并隨機點出代表進行提問，發言代表可在剩余時間內回答任何被提出的問題，提問時間不占用剩余時間，提問內容必須與發言者的發言內容有關。Yield Time to Comments 讓渡給評論

If the speaker intends on yielding time to another delegate, he/she should be sure that the delegate yielded to will support his/her ideas.After the completion of a speakers' list speech, a delegate may yield to comments.This means that within remaining time, the comments can be made by any delegate.Note that the comment must pertain to the original speech.當代表將剩余時間讓渡給評論，主席會請需要評論的代表舉牌，并隨機點出代表進行評論，讓發言代表沒有權利再一次進行觀點的陳述或對評論進行反駁。這種讓渡方式有一定風險，因為即使已經與盟國進行溝通，也不能保證主席所點出的進行評論的代表觀點與發言代表完全一致。

第三篇：模聯詞匯

1、表明自己國家立場的詞匯（在陳述時使用）

China thinks/believes/realizes/affirms/claims/states/addresses/declares/notices/considers/reminds/recalls/observes that….China is aware of…China bears in mind /keeps in mind

2、表明自己國家意愿

China hopes/wishes /desires that

China appeals to /expects to/devotes attention to/would like to China accepts sth..China encourages…

3、強調自己國家立場

China reiterates/emphasizes/reaffirms/

China takes sth into account/ notes with deep concern/ takes sth into consideration

4、呼吁建議別國做某事

China calls upon/suggests/purposes/commends/recommends/demands/requires/appeals that China urges to/calls for

5、表達反對觀點

China disapproves/

6、贊同他國代表的話

China expresses its appreciation/ express its satisfaction /notes with approval/views with appreciation China supports/endorses that China highly appreciates sth/ is delighted to/ is eager to，7、表達憤怒同情等感情

China strongly condemns/deplores/ deeply regret /feels deeply disturbed/ solemnly affirms that China expresses its deepest sympathy and condolences to

8、常用副詞（表示程度）Fully, further, deeply ,highly

9、補充詞匯

forntier region, border region 邊界地區 boundary negotiation 邊界談判 status quo of the boundary 邊界現狀

never to attach any conditions 不附帶任何條件 non-aligned countries 不結盟國家 consultations/negotiations 磋商 the third world 第三世界 imperialism 帝國主義

developing countries 發展中國家 dependency 附庸國

generally-accepted principles of international relations 公認的國際關系原則 joint action 共同行動 normalization of relations 關系正常化

an established principle of international law 國際法準則

rudimentary code of international relations 國際關系中最起碼的準則 international waters 國際水域 international situation 國際形勢 merger of states 國家合并 national boundary 國界 maritime resources 海洋資源

mutual understanding and mutual accommodation 互諒互讓 exchange of needed goods 互通有無 mitigate 緩和

fundamental rights 基本權利

reduction or cancellation of debts 減輕債務負擔 Near East近東

right of residence 居留權

arms dealer, merchant of death 軍火商 territorial sea 領海

limits of territorial sea 領海范圍 breadth of territorial sea 領海寬度 territorial air 領空 territorial waters 領水

inalienability of territory 領土的不可割讓性 territorial jurisdiction 領土管轄權 territorial contiguity 領土毗連 territorial integrity 領土完整 refugee camp 難民營

country of one's residence 僑居國

complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons 全面禁止和徹底銷毀核武器 people-to-people contacts and exchanges 人民之間的聯系和交流 sacred and inviolable 神圣不可侵犯 ecocide 生態滅絕

practical, efficient, economical and convenient for use 實用，有效，廉價，方便 bilateral and multilateral economic cooperation 雙邊和多邊經濟合作 bilateral trade 雙邊貿易 dual nationality 雙重國籍 trusteeship 托管制度 outer space 外層空間

sole legal government 唯一合法政府

loans with no or low interest 無息和低息貸款

colonialism and neo-colonialism 新老殖民主義

delayed repayment of capital and interest 延期還本付息 extradition 引渡 Zionism 猶太復國主義 friendly exchanges 友好往來 disputed areas 有爭議的地區 fishery resources 漁業資源 political offender 政治犯 political fugitive 政治逃犯 Middle East, Mideast 中東

neutral state, neutral country 中立國 neutralized state 永久中立國

apartheid, racial segregation 種族隔離 genocide 種族滅絕 sovereign state 主權國家

exclusive economic zone 專屬經濟區 suzerain state, metropolitan state 宗主國 suzerainty 宗主權

to maintain neutrality 保持中立

to safeguard national sovereignty and national resources 保衛國家主權和民族資源 to take concerted steps 采取協調行動

to undertake obligations in respect of the nuclear-free zone 對無核區承擔義務

to develop relations of peace and friendship, equality and mutual benefit, and prolonged stability 發展和平友好、平等互利、長期穩定的關系

to develop the national economy 發展民族經濟 to peddle munitions 販賣軍火

All countries, big or small, should be equal.國家不分大小，應該一律平等 to establish normal state relations 建立正常的國家關系 to seek a fair and reasonable solution 求得公平合理的解決 to make up for each other's deficiencies 取長補短

to negotiate through diplomatic channels 通過外交途徑進行談判

to safeguard national independence and the integrity of sovereignty 維護國家獨立和主權完整 to safeguard world peace 維護世界和平

to solve disputes by peaceful means 用和平手段解決爭端

in consideration of the actual conditions 照顧現實情況

回顧性條款用語

? Affirming, Reaffirming, Alarmed by;? Aware of, Bearing in mind, Fully aware;? Realizing, Recognizing, Taking into account;表達希望或遺憾的用語

? Desiring, Expecting, Seeking, Welcoming ? Noting with deep concern, Noting with regret

? Fully believing, Believing, Viewing with appreciation

? 表肯定與支持

? Accepts, Affirms, Approves, Endorses, Reaffirms;? Confirms, Emphasizes, Supports, Trusts, Believes;? 表否定與遺憾 ? Deplores, Regrets, Condemns, Expresses its concern;? 表建議

? Expresses its hope, Further invites, Encourages;

? Suggests, Requests, Recommends, Calls, Urges.? 肯定：Affirms, Reaffirms, Confirms;? 強調：Emphasizes, Underlines;? 譴責：Condemns, Deplores, Regrets;? 贊賞：Endorses, Expresses its appr ? 贊賞：Endorses, Expresses its appreciation;? 建議：Suggests, Calls upon/for, Recommends;? 決定：Decides, Demands, Requests, Urges;? 程度詞：Further, Fully, Strongly, Deeply

.Introductory Note General Assembly(GA)聯合國大會 procedural adj.程序的

affirmative adj.肯定的 affirmative vote 贊成票

five permanent members of the Security Council Economic and Social Council 經社會 consideration n.考慮 retain v.保留Preamble preamble n.前言 scourge n.災難 fundamental adj.基本的

tolerance n.容忍 institution n.制定

institution of method 制定方案 machinery n.機制 promotion n.提升 Chapter 1 principle n.原則 collective adj.集體的 suppression n.鎮壓 breach n./v.破壞

conformity n.一致 adjustment n.調整 humanitarian adj.人道主義的

harmonize v.協調 attainment n.達到

pursuit n.追求

安理會的五個常任理事國 sovereign n.(國家)主權 dispute refrain n.爭端 v.抑制

領土完整

政權獨立 territorial integrity Chapter 2 ratify v.批準, 認可 admission n.承認 expel Chapter 3 v.逐出 political independence Trusteeship Council 托管委員會 International Court of Justice 國際法院 Secretariat n.秘書處

subsidiary n.附屬的 eligibility n.合格 capacity n.職位 Chapter 4 disarmament n.裁軍 armament n.軍備 notify impair v.通告

n.法典 v.損害 codification designate v.指明

strategic adj.重要的, 戰略的 apportion v.分攤

expulsion n.逐出(expel的名詞)arrear Chapter 5 equitable adj.公平的

geographical distribution 地理分布 prompt confer abstain Chapter 6 pacific enquiry adj.和平的

n.交涉 n.詢問

n.安撫

司法解決 negotiation adj.迅速的 v.商討

一致通過

v.棄權 n.到期未付款

convoke v.召集

concurring votes periodic adj.定期的

mediation n.調停 conciliation arbitration n.仲裁 judicial settlement friction n.摩擦

Chapter 7 trust territory n.托管領土 mandate v.把(某一地區)置于委任管理下 detach v.分離

construe v.解釋 Chapter 13 petition annex statute n.請求 v.附屬 n.法令 Chapter 14 ipso facto adv.根據實施 incumbent adj.負有義務的 recourse v.求助 Chapter 15 Secretary-General 秘書長 Chapter 16 miscellaneous adj.多方面的 invoke v.援引

immunity n.豁免權 Chapter 18 amendment agenda Chapter 19 authentic adj.可靠的 archives n.檔案

aggravation comply provisional telegraphic n.加劇 adj.暫時的 adj.電報的 v.順從 n.修正案 n.議程

desirable adj.理應的 severance n.斷絕 demonstration n.示威 blockade n.封堵

signatory state 簽約國, 附議國 contingent n.代表團, 分隊 authorization consultation mutual n.授權 n.咨詢

regional n.地方性的

adj.雙方的

confront v.面臨 inherent adj.固有的 Chapter 8 preclude v.阻止 consistent adj.一致的 constitute v.建立 utilize Chapter 9 vest v.授予 Chapter 10 observance convention competence furnish assign n.遵守 n.公約 n.職能范圍 v.利用

contemplation n.計劃

prescribe v.規定

v.提供 v.分配

n.委員會 n.審議 commission deliberation Chapter 11 paramount sacred convene v.集合

adj.極為重要的

adj.神圣的

adj.建設性的 adj.大都市的 n.監督 n.托管領土 aspiration n.志向 constructive metropolitan Chapter 12 supervision trust territory detach mandate v.把(某一地區)置于委任管理下

v.分離

construe v.解釋 Chapter 13 petition annex statute n.請求 v.附屬 n.法令 Chapter 14 ipso facto adv.根據實施 incumbent adj.負有義務的 recourse v.求助 Chapter 15 Secretary-General 秘書長 Chapter 16 miscellaneous adj.多方面的 invoke v.援引

immunity n.豁免權 Chapter 18 amendment n.修正案 agenda n.議程

Chapter 19 authentic adj.可靠的 archives n.檔案

第四篇：模聯詞匯

Introductory Note General Assembly(GA)聯合國大會 procedural adj.程序的 affirmative adj.肯定的 affirmative vote 贊成票

five permanent members of the Security Council 安理會的五個常任理事國 Economic and Social Council 經社會 consideration n.考慮 retain v.保留

Preamble preamble n.前言 scourge n.災難

fundamental adj.基本的 tolerance n.容忍 institution n.制定

institution of method 制定方案 machinery n.機制 promotion n.提升

Chapter 1 principle n.原則 collective adj.集體的 suppression n.鎮壓 breach n./v.破壞 conformity n.一致 adjustment n.調整

humanitarian adj.人道主義的 harmonize v.協調 attainment n.達到 pursuit n.追求

sovereign n.(國家)主權 dispute n.爭端 refrain v.抑制

territorial integrity 領土完整 political independence 政權獨立

Chapter 2 ratify v.批準, 認可 admission n.承認 expel v.逐出

Chapter 3 Trusteeship Council 托管委員會 International Court of Justice 國際法院 Secretariat n.秘書處 subsidiary n.附屬的 eligibility n.合格 capacity n.職位

Chapter 4 disarmament n.裁軍 armamentn.軍備 notify v.通告

codification n.法典 impair v.損害 designate v.指明

strategic adj.重要的, 戰略的 apportion v.分攤

expulsion n.逐出(expel的名詞)arrear n.到期未付款 convoke v.召集

Chapter 5 equitable adj.公平的 geographical distribution 地理分布 prompt adj.迅速的 confer v.商討

concurring votes 一致通過 abstain v.棄權 periodic adj.定期的Chapter 6 pacific adj.和平的 negotiation n.交涉 enquiry n.詢問 mediationn.調停 conciliation n.安撫 arbitration n.仲裁

judicial settlement 司法解決 friction n.摩擦

Chapter 7 aggravation n.加劇 comply v.順從

provisional adj.暫時的 desirable adj.理應的 telegraphic adj.電報的 severance n.斷絕 demonstration n.示威 blockade n.封堵

signatory state 簽約國, 附議國 contingent n.代表團, 分隊 authorization n.授權 consultation n.咨詢 regional n.地方性的 mutual adj.雙方的 confront v.面臨 inherent adj.固有的Chapter 8 preclude v.阻止 consistentadj.一致的 constitute v.建立 utilize v.利用

contemplation n.計劃

Chapter 9 vest v.授予

Chapter 10 observance n.遵守 convention n.公約 competence n.職能范圍 prescribe v.規定 furnish v.提供 assign v.分配

commission n.委員會 deliberation n.審議 convene v.集合Chapter 11 paramount adj.極為重要的 sacred adj.神圣的 aspiration n.志向

constructive adj.建設性的 metropolitan adj.大都市的Chapter 12 supervision n.監督 trust territory n.托管領土

mandate v.把(某一地區)置于委任管理下 detach v.分離 construe v.解釋

Chapter 13 petition n.請求

Chapter 14 annex v.附屬 statute n.法令

ipso facto adv.根據實施 incumbent adj.負有義務的 recourse v.求助

Chapter 15 Secretary-General 秘書長

Chapter 16 miscellaneous adj.多方面的 invoke v.援引 immunity n.豁免權

Chapter 17

Chapter 18 amendment n.修正案 agenda n.議程

Chapter 19 authentic adj.可靠的 archives n.檔案

第五篇：模聯常用詞匯

1.Amendment 修正 2.Badge胸卡.3.Deprive the right to rote 取消表決權 4.Chair主席

5.Close the debate 結束辯論 6.Director會議指導 7.Delegate 代表 8.Deputy 副代表

9.Head Delegate 代表團團長，領隊 10.Faculty Advisor代表團指導 11.Delegation Bloc代表團.12.Distribution 分發.13.Document officer 文件分發.人員 14.Drafting committee 起草委員會 15.Draft Resolution 決議草案 16.Draw lots 抽簽

17.Elect by an absolute(a simple)majority 以絕對（簡單）多數選出 18.Emergency meeting 緊急會議 19.Enjoy privileges 享受特權 20.Entry into force 開始生效

21.Executive secretary 執行秘書

22.Exercise the right of vote.行使表決權 23.Expert 專家

24.Explain one’s rote 對所.投的票加以說明 25.Extend the term of office 延長任期 26.Extraordinary session 特別會議 27.Fill a vacancy 補缺 28.Final report 最后報告

29.First ballot 第一次投票表決 30.First priority 最優先項目

31.Fix the timetable of the settings 安排各次會議的時間表 32.Foot-note 腳注 33.Gallery 旁聽席

34.General committee 總務.委員會 35.General debate 一般性辯論

36.Geographical distribution 按地域分配 37.Give a ruling 作出裁定 38.Give a warning 警告.39.Give up one’s turn to speak in favour of 把自己的發言機會讓給 40.Give up the office t.o chairman 放棄主席的職務 41.Go back upon a vote 重新表決.42.Governing body 執行機構

43.Hand over the Chair to the Vice-chairman 讓副主席擔任主席.44.Have priority 有優先權 45.Have the initiative 有倡議權 46.Head of delegation 代表團團長 47.Heading 標題

48.Honorary president 名譽主席（會長）49.Host country 東道國

50.I am authorized by my government 我受本國政府授權 51.I ask for the floor 我請求發言 52.I give the floor to 我請…（發言）

53.I speak in my capacity of 我以…身份發言 54.Immunities 豁免

55.Implement the provisions of a Convention 實施公約的規定 56.Impose a vote 行使否決權

57.In a private capacity 以私人身份 58.In an official capacity 以官方身份

59.In an unofficial capacity 以非官方身份 60.In the hands of chairman 聽從主席決定 61.Include in the agenda 列入議程 62.Information desk 問訊處（臺）63.Infringement 違反行為

64.Initiate a discussion 進行討論 65.Instructions 指示、命令

66.International instrument 國際文件（特指國際公約等）67.Interrupt a vote 中斷表決

68.Intervene in a debate 參加辯論

69.Invite speakers to be brief 請發言人簡明扼要些 70.Invoke the chairman’s authority 請使用主席的權利 71.Leave it to the decision of the majority 由多數決定 72.Item on the agenda 議程項目

73.Leave the matter to the chairman’s decision 把事情交由主席決定 74.Legal adviser 法律顧問 75.List of delegates 代表名單 76.List of speakers 發言人名單 77.Lobby 大廳、休息廳

78.Maintain one’s candidature 保持候選資.格.79.Maintain order 維持秩序

80.Make a personal statement 以個人名義發表聲明.81.Memorandum 備忘錄

82.Merge together several amendments 把幾個修正案合并起來 83.Microphone 麥克風 84.Minutes 會議記錄

85.Motion to Change the Speaking Time 動議更.改發言時間 86.Motion for a Moderated Caucus 動議有主持核心商榷 87.Motion for an Un-moderated Caucus 動議自由商榷 88.Motion to Close Debate 動議結束辯論 89.Move that a separate vote be taken 提議分開表決 90.Move the closure of debate 動議結束辯論 91.Negative vote 反對票 92.Note 照會

93.Note a statement 將一個聲明載入記錄

94.Note a violation of the rules 指出對規則的破壞 95.Object in principle 在原則上反對 96.Observer 觀察員

97.Occupy the chair 擔任主席 98.Office 職務

99.Official languages 正式語言 100.Official meeting 正式會議

101.Open a debate on procedure 開始程序問題的辯論 102.Open the Speakers’ List 產生發言名單 103.Oppose a proposal 反對一個建議 104.Original text 原文 105.Overrule 駁回 106.Page 意向條

107.Participants 參加者

108.Party to a convention 公約締約國 109.Pass a vote of censure 通過指責決議 110.Permanent delegate 常人代表，常駐代表 111.Placard 國家牌

112.Place a statement on record 將一個聲明載入紀錄 113.Place at the end of the agenda 列在議程末尾 114.Platform 主席臺

115.Plenary assembly 116.Plenipotentiary 全權代表 117.Point of Inquiry 咨詢性問題 118.Point of Order 程序性問題

119.Point of Personal Privilege 個人特權問題 120.Position Paper.立場文件 121.Postpone a vote.延期表決

122.Postpone the discussion.推遲討論

123.Postpone to the next session(sitting).延到.下一屆（次）會 124.Preamble 序言

125.Preparatory committee 籌備委員會 126.Preparatory meeting 預備會議

127.President(submit)an amendment in writing 提出書面修正案 128.Press gallery 新聞記者席 129.Press releases 新聞稿 130.Press-officer 新聞官

131.Private meeting 秘密會議

132.Proceed to the discussion of the articles 開始討論條款 133.Proceed to a second reading 進行二讀 134.Proceed to a vote.進行表決

135.Programme of meetings 會議日程表 136.Programme of work 工作日程

137.Progress report 工作進展情況報告.138.Protocol 議定書

139.Provisional agenda 臨時議程 140.Public gallery 公眾旁聽席 141.Public meeting 公開會議

142.Put a question to the vote 把問題付諸表決 143.Put a written question 提出書面問題

144.Put one’s name on the list of speakers 登記發言 145.Questionnaire 調查表，問題單

146.Raise a point of order 提出程序問題

147.Raise an objection of principle 提出原則性的反對意見 148.Rappotuer 主席助理，報告員 149.Ratify a Convention 批準公約

150.Recall the terms of the rules 憶及規則的條款 151.Recommendation 建議

152.Record in the minutes 列入會議記錄

153.Refer to existing traditions 參照現存慣例 154.Refer to the text 參照原文

155.Refuse an appointment 不接受責任、職務 156.Refuse an office 不接受職務

157.Refuse to take the initiative 拒絕帶頭 158.Regional conference 規則（條例，規章）

159.Remit to the appropriate committee 送交主管的委員會 160.Renewal of term of office 連任

161.Renounce the office of chairman 辭去主席的職務 162.Report 報告

163.Representation 代表權 164.Representative 代表.165.Request a legal opinion 征詢法律意見

166.Request the speaker to keep the point under discussion 請發言人不要離開主題

167.Reservations 保留

168.Reserve one’s right to answer at a later stage 保留以后再答復的權利 169.Resolution 決議

170.Resolution committee 決議委員會.171.Restrict the time accorded to speakers 限制發言時間 172.Resume a debate 繼續辯論 173.Resume a sitting 繼續開會

174.Resume the chairmanship 繼續擔任主席 175.Right of vote 表決權 176.Role Call 點名 177.Rostrum 講臺

178.Round table meeting 圓桌會議 179.Rules 規則，法規

180.Rules of procedure 議事規則 181.Seat 座位

182.Secret ballot 無記名投票 183.Secretariat 秘書處

184.Secretary General 秘書長

185.Serve in(a Board)在（理事會）中擔任理事 186.Set up a committee 設立一個委員會 187.Signatory to a convention 公約簽字國 188.Signatory 附議國

189.Sit on a committee 參加委員會為委員 190.Setting the Agenda 確定議題

191.Speak from one’s place 在坐席上發言 192.Sponsor 起草國

193.Stand adjourned 休會

194.Stand for election 擔任候選人 195.Standing body 常設機構 196.Statement 聲明，發言 197.Status 地位 198.Statutes 章程

199.Steering committee 指導委員會 200.Sub-committee 小組委員會 201.Sub-heading 小標題，副標題

202.Submit a draft resolution 提出決議草案

203.Submit to the rules governing… 服從有關……的規則 204.Subsidiary body 附屬機構

205.Substantive motion 實質行動議 206.Substitute resolution 替代的決議 207.Summary record 簡要記錄（紀要）

208.Support a candidature 支持（某人）的候選資格 209.Support a nomination 支持某個提名 210.Suspend the rules 放棄對規則的適用 211.Suspend the sitting 停止會議

212.Take a decision upon a motion 對動議作出決定

213.Take a stand for(against)a proposal 贊成（反對）214.Take into consideration 考慮到 215.Take part in a poll 參加選舉 216.Take the floor 發言

217.Take up the discussion 開始討論 218.Technical adviser 技術顧問 219.Term of office 任期.220.The list of speakers in closed 發言登記已截止 221.The majority is obtained 獲得多數

222.The majority of members present and voting 出席并投票的成員多數 223.The meeting is called to order 宣布會議開始 224.The motion is adopted 動議獲得通過 225.The motion is rejected 動議被否決 226.The requisite majority 必要的多數.227.The result is final 結果是最后的 228.To address the meeting 發言 229.To be in office 在職 230.To be in session 開會 231.Treasurer 司庫 232.Treaty 條約

233.Tri-partite 三方面

234.Typewriting service pool 打字組 235.Unanimous vote 一致同意 236.Unofficial meeting 非正式會議 237.Valid ballot papers 有效票 238.Verbatim record 逐字記錄 239.Verbatim reporters 速記人員 240.Veto 否決

241.Vice-Chairman 副主席

242.Vice-Chairmanship 副主席 243.Vice-Presidency 副會長 244.Vice-President 副會長 245.Vote 投票表決

246.Vote by roll call 唱名表決

247.Vote by show of hands 舉手表決 248.Vote indicator 表決指示牌 249.Vote of thanks 大會申謝

250.Vote on the motion as a whole 表決整個動議 251.Vote without debate 不經辯論的表決 252.Votes cast 已投的票數.253.Waive the rules 放棄對規則的適用 254.We have a quorum 我們已足法定人數 255.Withdraw a proposal 撤回提案

256.Withdraw one’s candidature 撤銷候選人資格 257.Working languages 工作人員 258.Working paper 工作文件.259.Yield Time to Another Delegate讓渡給他國代表 261.Yield Time to Chair讓渡給主席

abstain棄權 agenda日程 amendment修正案

background guide背景資料 bloc國家集團 caucus磋商

moderated caucus有主持核心磋商 unmoderated caucus非正式磋商 crisis危機 directive指令

draft resolution決議草案 draft directive指示草案 formal debate正式辯論 motion動議 observer觀察員

operative clause行動性條款 page 意向條 placard 國家牌 point 問題

position paper立場文件

preambulatory clause序言性條款 rapportrur記錄員 roll call點名 second 贊成

signatory 附議國 sponsor 起草國

simple majority簡單多數（1/2...+1）speakers' list 發言名單 working paper工作文件 vote表決

Eg:Yield time 讓渡時間...to another delegate/ questions/comments/chair Motion動議

motion to change the speaking time motion for a un-moderated caucus motion to close debate/suspend the meeting Point問題

point of inquiry咨詢性問題 poingt of order程序性

personal privilege個人特權 發言---My fellow delegates,we are gathered here today to discuss Let me reiterate重申 the reasons why we...Taking into account/Whith respect to/In observation of 考慮到our current finantial situation In the interest of For the purpose of In hopes that We demand that...apologize immediately we respectfully disagree with your opinion,and would like to propose our own we concur(agreee)with Allow us to remind the committee we recommmend Might is right（建議使用武力）we highly/strongly/vigorously 反擊---Think of Your logic is flawed（有缺陷的）

I want you to remember Have not...and will never(We have not surrendered,and will never surrender停止抵抗)That argument is quite cliche（boring），we have heard it a thousand times,and each time it makes no sense