第一篇：英語二級作文

Task 1

說明：以學生會的名義于 2002 年 6 月 10 日寫一張演講會的通知。

演講人：著名教授 John Smith 先生 時間：下周五晚上 7 點 地點：報告廳 主題：世界經濟發展與中國加入 WTO 后中國輕工業的未來 領票時間及地點：每晚 7 點至 9 點在 5 號樓 601 房間 負責人：李明

Notice Lecture

on Global

Economic Development and the Future of Chinese Light Industry after China’s Entering WTO Speaker: Professor John Smith

Time: 7 P.M.next Friday

Place: Lecture Hall

Every night between 7 o’clock and 9 o’clock, you can get the ticket in Room 601, Building No.5.Li Ming is in charge of this.Task 2 請代 ABC 公司人事部經理陳放寫一封邀請信 — 邀請 Mr.Joe 參加 ABC 主席公司主席張翼 的退休歡送會。請發揮想象，在信中簡單介紹張翼的業績。時間：10 月 20 號下午 2 點到 5 點 地點：希爾頓酒店

Oct.13th, 2002

Dear Mr.Joe,On Oct.20, we will host an evening of celebration in honor of the retirement of Mr.Zhang Yi, President of ABC Company.You are cordially invited to attend the celebration at Hilton Hotel, from 2 to 5 p.m.Mr.Zhang has been the President of ABC Company since 1995.During this period, ABC expanded its business from industry to estate.Now it’s our opportunity to thank him for his years of exemplary leadership and wish him well for a happy retirement.Please join us to say good-bye to Mr.Zhang.See you on 20th.Yours sincerely,Chen Fang Personnel Dep.Task 3 重慶八達公司的楊新在 HOPE 雜志上看到一篇 Kevin& Son’s 公司招聘銷售人員的廣告，公司地址是：No.542 Overbook Road, Bloomfield Hills, MI 48002, 他想應聘這個職位。請代 他寫一封求職信。

Chongqing Bada Co.Chongqing 400000

April 7, 2005

Kevin& Son’s

No.542 Overbook Road Bloomfield Hills, MI 48002

Dear Sir,The sales job which you describe in your advertisement in the HOPE is one for which I think I can show you some excellent qualifications.In the past five years, I’ve turned in an above average sale record since entering the sales field.While I’m quite happy in my present work, the description of your job sounds even more appealing.I would enjoy discussion my qualifications with you at your convenience.My telephone number is 023-68124137, and you can call me every day after 6 p.m.Sincerely yours,Yang Xin T

ask 4 請根據以下內容提示，代英語系辦公室秘書在系公用郵箱里發一份電子郵件。發件人：英語系辦公室 收件人：英語系全體學生 郵件主題：英語演講比賽 內容：定于 6 月 5 日，星期三下午兩點舉行第 5 屆大學生英語比賽，有意者于每晚 6：00 至 8：00 到外語

系辦公室報名。截止日期：2005 年 6 月 1 日。

To: All the students of English Department

From: English Department Office

Subject: 5th English Spoken Contest

The Fifth English Spoken Contest will be held on Wednesday afternoon, 5th, June.Anyone who would like to take part in should sign up at the Foreign Department Office between 6:00 and 8:00 any evening this week.This deadline for sign-up is June 1.Task 5 請代王品向其公伙伴司的合作發出國慶的祝賀。內容如下： 值此貴國國慶五十周年之際，請接受我們最真誠的祝賀。愿貴我公司之間的貿易聯系持續發

展。

October 15, 2003

Dear Mr.Smith,On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of your National Day, please accept our heartiest congratulations.May the trade connections between our companies continue to develop with each passing day!

Yours faithfully,Wang Pin

Task 6 假定你叫劉敏，上周去成都出差時在一家商店買了一雙皮鞋?；丶液鬀]幾天皮鞋就退色，因 此非常惱火。今天（五月二十三日）給該店寫信投訴，并寄回皮鞋，要求換一雙好的并盡快 寄來。

Words for reference:

出差 be on business

皮鞋 leather shoes

退色 fade

May 23, 2005 To whom it may concern: I am writing this letter to complain of a pair of leather shoes which I bought in your shop last week when I was in Chengdu on business.Several days later, after I returned home, however, I found the color of the shoes faded.I felt very upset.Now I send you the pair of shoes with this letter and strongly wish that you should change a perfect pair and send them to me as soon as possible.Yours truly,Liu Min Task 7

寫信人：王偉 寫信時間：2005 年 6 月 10 日 內容：

1.畢業以后已幾年不見，很是想念。

2.邀請你的老朋友李華在暑假期間來自己的家鄉玩。

3.活動安排：去游覽長城、故宮、頤和園、去野餐等

4.請他回信告知能否來，以及來的日期、時間等以便去接他。

Words for reference:

長城： the Great Wall

故宮： the Imperial Palace

頤和園：the Summer Palace

June 10, 2005

Dear Li Hua, How time flies!We haven’t seen each other for several years since we graduated.I miss you very much.I would like to invite you to come to my hometown during your summer

vacation.We shall

go and visit the Great Wall, the Imperial Palace and the Summer Palace.If you like, we can go camping to the small woods.I think we will have a good time.Please write to tell me whether you can come or not and the exact date before

第二篇：英語二級作文1

高等學校英語應用能力考試 B 級作文例文

（一）請假條

說明：假如你是王琳，因為騎車不小心摔倒，導致腿部受傷，需向班主任張老師 請三天假。請寫一則請假條，內容包括： 1）請假原因； 2）請假日期：4 月 8-10 日； 3）落下的功課會在返校后補上； 4）希望班主任準假?！駥忣}概述● 請假條一般由四部分組成：時間、稱呼、正文和簽名。請假條的寫作應注意開門 見山、內容簡短、用詞通俗易懂?！穹段摹?/p>

April 8, 2011

Dear Miss Zhang,I am truly sorry that I can’t go to school today.Yesterday on my way home, I fell off the bicycle and hurt my leg.Luckily, I wasn’t badly hurt, and the doctor advised me to stay in bed and have a good rest.So I ask for three-day leave from April 8 to 10.I’ll catch up with others when I am back to school.Truly yours,Wang Lin

（二）根據下列信息擬一封邀請信和一封回信

邀請信（Letter 1）：

1）發信人：Sharon 2）收信人：Tracy 3）發信日期：2011 年 3 月 15 日 4）內容：Sharon 和 Tracy 是大學同學，畢業后兩年未見?，F Sharon 得知 Tracy 要到南京出差，特邀一聚，Sharon 將同 Tracy 游覽玄武湖、中山陵等。Tracy 請 回信告知是否能有時間。回信（Letter 2）：

1）發信人：Tracy 2）收信人：Sharon 3）發信日期：2011 年 3 月 22 日

4）內容：Tracy 回信感謝并且接受 Sharon 的邀請。懷念美好的大學時光，決定 4 月初來南京。

Words for reference:

玄武湖 Xuanwu Lake

中山陵 Dr.Sun Yat-sen's Mausoleum

邀請信（Letter 1）

●審題概述

● 朋友之間的邀請屬于非正式的邀請，因此信件內容相對比較隨便、簡短。寫作時 應注意將受邀請的人、原因、地點等內容寫清楚以免出差錯。

●范文●

March 15, 2011

Dear Tracy,How have you been? Haven’t seen you for nearly two years after graduation.I heard that you would come to Nanjing for a business trip.How about coming to see me and letting me accompany you to visit Xuanwu Lake and Dr.Sun Yat-sen's Mausoleum? Hope to hear from you soon!

Yours, Sharon

回復信（Letter 2）

●審題概述

● 回復朋友的邀請應注意以下兩點：首先感謝對方的邀請；其次要明確告知對方是 否接受邀請。

●范文●

March 22, 2011

Dear Sharon,Thank you very much for your kind invitation!It will be a great pleasure for me to meet you.I still keep in mind those good days of being with you at university.So I’ll come to Nanjing at early April.I’ll call you when I arrive.Hope to see you soon!

Yours,Tracy

（三）尋物啟事

說明：假如你叫 Mike，5 月 6 日星期五在食堂丟失了一只黑色皮質書包。書包 內有一本英語書、一個 MP3、一個 NOKIA5230 手機和一串鑰匙。東西非常重要，請拾到者與你聯系，電話號碼是 58909856，有 100 元酬謝。Words for reference: 食堂 dining-hall 酬金 reward

●審題概述

● 尋物啟事的寫作，應說明時間、地點、丟失物品、聯系方式和酬謝事項。

●范文●

May 6th, 2011

LOST In the dining-hall,on Friday of May 6th,I lost a black-leathered schoolbag.There is an English book, an MP3, a NOKIA5230 cell phone, and a bunch of keys.Those things are very important to me, especially the phone numbers in the mobile phone.Will the finder please call me? My telephone number is 58909856.I will be vey thankful and provide the finder a reward ￥100.Thanks a lot.Mike

（四）電子郵件

說明：假如你是李峰，和朋友 Kate 約好本周日去看電影，但你突然有事去不了。請根據以下要點寫一封電子郵件： 日期：2011 年 4 月 10 日 內容： 1）這周末不能去，表示歉意； 2）解釋原因：奶奶突然生病了，需要照顧； 3）建議另約時間在下周末，并為失約表達歉意。注意：電子郵件的基本格式。

●審題概述

● 電子郵件的寫作需注意主題不能過長，并且能代表郵件內容。為失約表達歉意，首先應開門見山，說明不能赴約；然后詳述失約的原因；最后再次表達歉意。

●范文●

To: Kate()

Subject: Accepting My Apology

Date: April 10th, 2011

Dear Kate,I’m sorry to tell you that I couldn’t go to see the film with you this Sunday.My grandmother suddenly fell ill and was taken to hospital this morning.I have to take care of her this weekend.The doctor told us it will take about one week for her to get better.So I think we can go to the

cinema together next weekend.Please allow me to say sorry again!

Yours,Li Feng

第三篇：英語二級口語

Topic one Studying Abroad1、Do you want to go abroad to study further? Why or why、not?

答案：No, I don’t want to go abroad to study.Because I don’t want to leave my parents to far, studying abroad must costs a large sum of money, and my family can’t afford it.2、If you intend to study abroad, which country do you prefer?、And why?

答案： I intend to study abroad, I prefer to go to US.Because in there have a lot of famous University.3、If you study abroad, which major or project would you、prefer? And why？答案： choose International economy and trade.Because I like this major.4、What are the advantages of studying abroad?

答 案 ： Studying abroad can make many friends are from different countries.And It can exercise the abilities of dealing with various kinds of problems and the abilities of overcoming different difficulties.5、Do you think there are any shortcoming of studying、abroad?

答案 ： Yes, I think studying abroad have some shortcoming.Studying abroad costs a large sum of money and you’ll feel lonely when you get to a new environment.6、Can you imagine the various difficulties you will encounter、when you are studying abroad?

答案：Students studying abroad may face a lot of unexpected problems and difficulties.The most problem they encounter is language problem.When you new there, you can’t communicate with other people, even if you master native languages.7、When you complete your studies abroad, would you choose、to come back or stay overseas?

答案：I’ll choose come back.Because I think I’m studying is badly needed nowadays in China and come back will be much more convenient for me to look after my parents.8、If you come back to China, what would you do?

答案：If I come back to China, I’ll find a job in China it can be more convenient for me to look after my parents.9、What are the required qualities for students to study well、abroad?

答案：Good spoken English and good communication.These can help students to adapt to the new environment.10、Do you think young students should go to study abroad?、Why or why not?

答案 No, I don’t think young students should go to study abroad.Because there are a lot of young students studying abroad and they can’t take care of themselves well.And nowadays China’s education is not bad.Topic two Campus Love1、Have you ever fallen in love with someone? Could you tell、your feelings about your love?

答案：No, I’m single.2、Do you think college students should fall in love with each、other?

答案：No, I don’t think so.College students are adults and they can control their emotions and behavior, and also they can choose whether they should fall in love or not.3、What are the pros and cons about college love?、答案 College love can enhance one’s confidence and make one more beautiful, happiness.But love also may be influence their study.4、Do you think college students can get married? Why or、why not?

答案：Yes, I think college students can get married.Because if they really love each other, get married this thing is happy.So, the happy things why we can’t do it?

5、What characteristics will you consider when you choose、your girlfriend or boyfriend?答案：I hope my boyfriend is a warmhearted man and good for me.6、How can we deal with campus love properly and keep a、balance between study and love?

答案：I think as long as we treat each other with sincerity.And trust each other, I think any problem can be solved.7、How can we get out of the gloom(憂郁 or depression(沮喪、憂郁)沮喪)憂郁 沮喪 of losing a boyfriend/girlfriend? If you lose a boyfriend/girlfriend, what would you do?

答案：I think I’ll cry, eat many foods and sleep for a long time.When I wake up next day, I’ll start again.Any problem we can be solved.Topic three Smoking1、Do you smoke? Are you heavy smoker or light smoker?

答案：No, I don’t and I hate smoker.2、Do you think smoking has some advantages?

答案：No, I don’t think so.But some smoker may think smoking can make they relaxed.3、What are the disadvantages of smoking in your opinion?

答案：Smoking is not only harmful to the smokers themselves, but also results in deaths of non-smokers.Smoking may even leads to lung cancer.4、If your family members smoke, what will you do?

答案：I’ll tell he smoking is bad for our health.And I’ll tell he smoking not only wastes a large sum of money, but only may lead some disease.5、Could you give some suggestions to those who can’t quit、smoking?

答案：If you think your body, I hope you will quit smoking.When you want to smoking, you can chewing gun or eat some snacks instead of smoking.6、If there were no cigarettes, what would the world become?

答案：I think the world will be health.It can reduce the number of deaths and the air will be more clean.Also, more people won’t have cancer.7、Do you think it necessary to prohibit smoking completely?

答案 Yes, I think it’s necessary to prohibit smoking completely.Because smoking not only pollutes the air but also lead many people have some diseases.8、Could you provide some advice about prohibiting smoking、in public?

答案：Paste some “No Smoking” posters in some public place and advertise some ads tell about damage.Topic four Family life1、Do you think children should learn to do some housework?

答案：Yes, I think children should learn to do some housework.Because I think it can help children more independent and let their children to know their mothers to housework is hard.2、Who does most of the housework in your family? What do、you think of it?

答案：My mother.I think it’s too tired to her.She not only have to go to work, but also she

will do hard housework after work.3、Nowadays many young people hate housework.What do、you think of it?

答案：i think these young people is too lazy.Because they are not hate to do, just not want to do.4、If you were to find a life partner, would you choose、someone who doesn’t do housework? Why?

答案 No, I hope find someone can do some homework.Because we can share the housework, it can’t make our too tired.5、What do you think of those young people who always rely、on their parents?

答案 I think those young people are lack of independent ability.They can’t understand how to take care of themselves well.6、Do you think young people should take care of their、parents?

答案： Yes, of course.Take care of our parents is our duty, anyoneshould do it.7、Do you prefer to live with your parents or by yourself after、graduation？ Why？ ？答案：Yes, I prefer to live with my parents when I graduation.Because I can much more convenient for me to look after my parents.8、Some parents love their children in such a way that they do、everything for them.What is your opinion?

答案：I think spoil their children is a wrong way.Parents should be not too strict nor to spoil.This is a right way to teach children.9、What do you think of the parents who often beat their、children?

答案：It’s a bad way to teach children.Because many children may think their parents don’t love them, so they may hate go home and even do bad things.So, parents teach children should gently.Topic five Part-time job1、Have you done any part-time jobs? What are they?

答案：Yes, I had a part-time job.It’s a waiter.2、What part-time jobs would you suggest for college students、to do?

答案：Waiter, handing out leaflets, cashier and shopping guide and so on.3、What do you learn from your part-time jobs?

答案：I learned the labor means and the value of a dollar.students obtain a great deal of knowledge from jobs that can’t be learned from their books.4、Are there any disadvantages of part-time jobs? If so, what、are they?

答案：Part-time jobs usually occupy a large quantity of students’ time, and part-time jobs may distract their attention from their studies.5、Do you think college students should do part-time jobs?

答案：No, I don’t think so.Because it will wastes study time and we also can do part-time jobs on summer vocation.6、What are the purpose for which college students so、part-time jobs?

答案：Many students want to earn some money and gain some social experience.7、Are you there any difficulty and trouble for par-time jobs?

答案： Yes, too many people want to do this and work-time not fit for our class-time.8、Do you know how to keep a balance between jobs and、study?

答案：Yes.In fact, I’m only work on free time.Topic six Advertisements1、Where can you find ads.?

答案：Computer, television, telephone, magazine and so on.2、Can you give several ways of advertising?

答案 Make a short film, make picture on the magazine and newspapers.3、Do you like ads.or TV commercials? Why or why not?

答案：No, I don’t like it.Because advertising time is too long.4、Do you believe what is said ads.Or commercials? Why or、why not?

答案：I think advertising is introduce some goods advantages to people.5、Have you found any misleading ads.?

答案：Yes, I found some misleading ads..For example, let people grow tall drug.6、Are you satisfied with all kinds of ads.? if not, do you have、any suggestions for their improvement?

答案：Shorten time, enhance the quality of ads.7、What are the functions of ads.in our daily life?

答案：Advertisements provide some goods information to the consumers.8、Can you think of an interesting ad.And perform it?

答案：Yes, I can.A beautiful lady walked into elevator, and when the elevator door close.She’s clothes was bursting.Topic seven Following the Fashion1、Do you follow fashion? Why(not)? What do you think of、“slaves to fashion”? describe someone who is a “fashion victim”.答案：Yes, a little.Because fashions make people look more beautiful in appearance and make people more confidence.For example, Lynne.Everyday she must get up early one hour to make up and she always eat less to save money to buy beautiful clothes.2、What particular fashion do you feel corresponds(符合 best、符合)符合 to what you wear at the moment? Grunge? Punk? New romantic? Sixties? Hippy? Ethnic? Feminine? Macho? Classic? Preppy? Anti-fashion? How do you prefer to dress?

答案：I like light color and simple dress.3、、Fashion shows cost a lot of money, both for the organizers and for the designers who show their clothes.What is the point of a fashion show and in what way do the designers benefit? Do you think fashion show deserves its costs?答案：

4、The Italians spend twice as much on clothes as the Danes.、Does this fact surprise you? How much do you think people spend on clothes in your country?

答案：I’m not surprise for this.I think5、What is the link between music and fashion? Give some、examples.答案：Supplement each other.6、What are the advantages and disadvantages of following the、fashion?答案：Topic eight Watching TV1、Do you like watching TV? Why do you like or why don’t、like watching TV?答案：Yes, I like watching TV.Because some TV programs can make me cheerful.2、How many hours a day do you spend watching TV?

答案 One hours.3、What kinds of TV programs do you like watching TV?

答案：I like entertainment programs.4、Could you describe one kind of TV program you like?

答案：Yes, I like to see a program is called“we’re married”.“ There are many stars pretend to get to married.I think it’s very funny.5、What can you learn from watching TV?

答案：I learn many things from different countries and many news from watching TV.6、What are the advantages and disadvantages of watching TV?

答案：When we feel tired and bored, we can watching TV.Also when we want to learn English, we can language programs to learn.But watching TV will waste lots of time and bad for children eyesight.7、Could you give some advice for those who are addicted to、watching TV? 答案：

8、Do you like watching films on TV or video or going to、cinema? What are the differences between them?

答案：No, I don’t like watching films on TV.I prefer to going to cinema, because good feelings in the cinema.Cinema’s screen bigger than TV.9、What are your comments about Chinese TV programs/、Could you give some suggestions for their improvement?

答案：Advertising-time is too long.10、Do you know the differences between Chinese TV、programs and Western TV programs?

答案：No, I’m not clear.

第四篇：英語口譯實務二級

Thank you, Lord Hurd , for those kind words.It is an honor and pleasure to be here.When l left Brussels yesterday, it was 12 degrees Celsius and hailing.赫德勛爵，感謝您的美言。

Here, it was 25 degrees and sunny.我很榮幸也很高興來到這里。昨天我離開布魯塞爾時，那里還下著冰雹，氣溫只有12撮氏度，而這里則陽光明媚，氣溫高迭25撮氏度。

Speaking of climate change, I don't understand why you British are always complaining about the weather.說到這樣的氣候差異，我不明白為什么你們英國人還總是抱怨天氣不好。

I confess I am a little intimidated, Lord Hurd, at being moderated by a veteran statesman of your distinction.赫德勛爵，說實話，您這樣一位聲名顯赫的資深政治家為我做引見令我有些誠惶誠恐。

When I first accepted the gracious invitation to address this Institute, I was especially excited about the prospect of speaking under the Chatham House Rule.最初接受來貴所演講的盛情邀請時，一想到將有機會按照英國皇家國際事務研究院規則 演講，我就特剮興奮。

I understand the rule means the audience is free to use the information received at the meeting, but may not reveal the identity of the speaker, nor his affiliation.我知道，按照這一規則，聽眾可以自由引用會上所獲信息，但不得披露演講者身份及其所屬組織。I thought to myself, now there's a rule we should apply from time to time at the United Nations.我心想，我們在聯合國也應當不時采用這一規則。

I could get my message across, but keep a low profile at the same time.這樣我既可以表達想法，還能同時保持低調。

And conversely* those interested in grand-standing would have one less opportunity to do so.而反過來，那些喜歡拋頭露面的人則少了一個炫耀的機會。But it was not to be.可這次演講將不啟用這一規則。

Having understood that this event is on the record, I will have to wait for another occasion to experience the Chatham House Rule at first hand.我知道這次活動會記錄在案，我只好另找機會親身感受這一規則了。

Mr.Niblett, Director of Chatham House, 英國皇家國際事務研究所所長寧布萊特先生，Excellencies, 閣下們

Ladies and gentlemen , 女士們，先生們：

It is truly a privilege to join such a distinguished group of experts and scholars, diplomats and opinion-makers, politicians and not least, representatives of civil societywho by then had become the UK Ambassador to the UNand the world as a whole-has come to appear much complicated.自那時起，聯合國乃至整個世界似乎變得更加復雜。So have the challenges confronting our Organization.聯合國所面臨的挑戰也是如此。

The perception of us is no longer so black and white, and tends now to be drawn in various shades of gray.如今，人們對我們的看法不再是非黑即白，而是傾向于不同程度的灰色。But if you are an optimist, as I am, you will paint the UN in brighter colors.但是，如果你們和我一樣，是樂觀主義者，那么你們會用更明快的色彩來勾畫聯合國。

You will know that our world of complex and global challenges is exactly the environment in which our United Nations should thrive-because these are challenges that no country can resolve on its own.你們會知道，我們的世界充滿了復雜的全球性挑戰，而這正是聯合國應該蓬勃發展的大好環境，因為任何一個國家都無法單獨應對這些挑戰。

It is a world in which the UN can, and must, grow and take on new roles, develop and deliver on new fronts.正是在這樣的世界中，聯合國能夠并且必須成長壯大，承擔新的任務，開辟新的戰線并在那里有所作為。

Thank you very much.多謝各位.

第五篇：英語口譯(二級)講義

英語口譯（二級）精講班第1講講義

001 二級口譯實務考試介紹

Lecture 1

1、二級口譯實務考試介紹

英語口譯二級考試分《口譯綜合能力》 和《口譯實務》測試兩部分，旨在檢測應試者的口譯實踐能力是否達到專業譯員水平。合格的應試者應能熟練運用口譯技巧，完整準確地譯出原話內容，無錯譯漏譯。

英語口譯實務（二級）考試含“英漢交替傳譯”和“漢英交替傳譯”。題量各占50%，含總量約1000單詞的英語講話兩篇和總量約1000漢字的漢語講話兩篇，時間約60分鐘?？荚噧热萆婕罢巍⒔洕?、文化、外交、旅游、信息科技、經融貿易、環境保護、衛生健康等，跟翻譯專業所要求掌握的知識和技能相一致，要求應試者知識結構分布合理，專業技能達到一定的水平。

英語口譯實務考試一律采取現場錄音的方式，考試結果記錄在磁帶上?？荚嚨脑u分標準非常細化，一個考生的磁帶要有兩個以上的人去聽，并且聽出來的結果基本一致，最后再由專家組根據考生錄音核定成績。

應該說英語口譯實務（二級）考試具有一定的挑戰性，要求應試者過語言關、知識關和技術關，同時還要有穩定的心理因素。按照翻譯專業人員的四個等級來劃分，即：助理翻譯、翻譯、副譯審和譯審，二級就是翻譯級，也就是我們所說的中級職稱。因此，二級口譯試題的定位基本上是針對大學外語專業比較優秀的畢業生，經過幾年的翻譯實踐應能達到的水平。二級口譯考試模塊的設計也是基于這一理念，即要求應試者具備比較全面的知識結構和良好的雙語互譯能力。具體說來，應試者應具備良好的語言知識（Linguistic Knowledge）、語言外的知識（Extra-Linguistic Knowledge）以及分析能力（Analysis）。同時應試者還應具備敏銳的聽力、良好的短時記憶、行之有效的筆記、以及準確靈活的雙語表達等口譯所必須的基本能力。

2、口譯學習講解

技巧和語言基本功相結合。課程講解同時關注這兩點。

3、口譯技巧介紹

口譯技巧(Interpretation Techniques)根據口譯步驟（信息接收—信息儲存—信息處理—信息輸出）為基礎，總結出以下技巧：(1)聽辨；

(2)思維理解1—邏輯分析；

(3)思維理解2—信息視覺；

(4)思維理解3 —將認知信息納入理解軌道

(5)記憶機制1—瞬時記憶、短時記憶、長時記憶；

(6)記憶機制2－記憶訓練方法；

(7)筆記方法1—記什么?(8)筆記方法2—怎么記?

(9)數字口譯1—單純數字口譯

(10)數字口譯2—數字與信息相結合(11)習語的口譯；

(12)模糊信息處理技巧；

(13)口譯中的文化差異；

(14)口譯中的句法轉換；

(15)語境因素處理技巧；

(16)臨場應變技巧。

我們將把這些技巧穿插在我們的講解之中，輔以必要練習。

4、口譯課程結構介紹

每次課內容安排：50分鐘

技巧講解和練習20' 語言練習10' 篇章練習20' 002 聽辨技巧

一、聽辨技巧

“聽辨”，顧名思義，不僅要“聽”還要“辨”，即思考、分析。“聽辨”是口譯過程中的第一個階段。在這個過程中我們接收到源語信息，并通過種種分析手段把接收到的信息納入到我們的理解范疇，以便儲存和輸出。毫無疑問，口譯的成敗在很大程度上取決于聽辨的過程。所以大家首先要對口譯的聽辨過程有一個透徹的認識，以便有針對性地進行練習，以提高自己的聽辨能力。

口譯中的聽辨過程和大家平時在英語學習中所接受的聽力訓練是不同的，但二者又有一定的聯系。

首先，具備良好的聽力水平是培養好的聽辨能力的基礎。換句話說，如果一個人的外語聽力有問題，那么無論他的語言表達能力有多強，他都很難勝任口譯工作。然而光有好的聽力還不夠，因為聽辨過程還涉及到其他方面的能力。這一點可以從聽力訓練與聽辨過程的區別中看出來。

1．英語的聽力訓練中比較注重語言層面，也就是說他們會十分注意語音、語調和語言的表達及用法等。而譯員在聽辨過程中所注重的是意思，或是講話者的意圖而不是具體的詞句表達。所以譯員在聽到一段話之后在頭腦中形成的是一個有邏輯關系的語意整體，而不僅僅是詞句的簡單集合。

2．聽力練習中主要啟動聽覺系統，理解只是一個被動而附帶的過程。而譯員在聽辨過程中不僅要啟動聽覺系統，還要啟動大腦中的分析理解機制和記憶機制。也就是說譯員要邊聽、邊分析、邊理解、邊記憶。所以，與一般的外語學習相比較而言，專業譯員要具有更強的分析能力，要會“一心多用”。

3．在聽的過程中，信息接收是被動和跟隨性的，對信息的反映略顯滯后。而譯員的聽辨過程是積極而主動的。在聽的過程中伴有很大程度的預測和判斷行為。常常需要調動非語言因素對所聽內容進行分析、整理、補充和聯想等。

4．用作聽力訓練的材料，信息比較清晰，雜音干擾較少。而譯員在口譯工作中所處的信息環境是現場性的，因此不確定性因素較多；信息干擾、信息缺失時有發生。而且，講話者以交流為唯一目的，在信息發布過程中并不照顧或考慮譯員的狀態。

綜上所述，口譯的聽辨過程較一般外語聽力訓練過程要復雜得多，對能力的要求也要高得多。大家需要建立這樣一個意識，即口譯的過程不是一個信息背誦加字詞翻譯的過程。而是一個通過聽辨將信息接收、理解，再用譯入語將理解了的信息加以表達的過程。以下提供一些訓練方法供大家參考，以英語聽辨能力的訓練為主。

1．可以選擇一些英文有聲資料（最好是現場講話）或是請練習搭檔模擬現場發言。聽過一段話后，在不記筆記的情況下用源語（英文）進行復述。注意在聽的過程中要把注意力從詞句表達上移開，而專注于整段話的邏輯意思。在復述時不要拘泥于原文的詞句，更不要試圖背原話。意思和邏輯關系要盡量復述的準確完整。

2．在聽辨訓練的初級階段，如果還不能完全掌握邊聽、邊分析、邊記憶的技能，可采取就所聽內容進行提問的方式建立邏輯關系。比如可以將注意力放在WHAT、WHO、WHEN AND WHERE、HOW AND WHY 等幾個要素上。通過這種方式增強邏輯分析意識，努力跟上講話人的思路，從而對所聽語篇有一個正確的理解。

3．每段講話的長度可隨熟練程度的加強而逐步增加：比如從聽幾句話到聽一小段，從一小段到一大段到數段等。并且可以嘗試聽各種不同風格的講話。選題也可以從比較熟悉的領域逐步擴展到比較陌生的領域，以培養臨場適應能力和分析綜合的能力。

練習1：

要求，認真聽原文，不要記筆記，根據WHAT、WHO、WHEN AND WHERE、HOW AND WHY 幾大要素總結段落大意。

Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea.People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive.It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosity.Some of them were not sure how to use it.They thought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves.Then they served them mixed with butter and salt.They soon discovered their mistake but many people used to spread the used tea leaves on bread and give them to their children as sandwiches.What's the general idea of this short passage? Compared with the Chinese, People in Europe, particularly in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, and how to use it.They cooked tea leaves as vegetable and served them with butter and salt and even made them part of Children's sandwiches.練習2 Tea remained scarce and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it direct from China early in the seventeenth century.During the next few years so much tea came into the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it.At the same time people on the Continent were becoming more and more fond of tea.Until then tea had been drunk without milk in it, but one day a famous French lady named Madame de Sevigne decided to see what tea tasted like when milk was added.She found it so pleasant that she would never again drink it without milk.Because she was such a great lady her friends thought they must copy everything she did, so they also drank their tea with milk in it.Slowly this habit spread until it reached England and today only very few Britons drink tea without milk.General idea：

Tea remained scarce and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it direct from China early in the seventeenth century.?? On the continent, people used to drink tea without milk until a French lady invented the habit of drinking tea with milk.003 詞匯積累

二、主題練習——會議致辭詞匯

詞匯積累

（致）歡迎/開幕/閉幕詞(deliver/make)a welcome/opening/closing speech/address/lecture 開/閉/揭幕式 opening/closing/unveiling ceremony

舉行烈士紀念碑的揭幕典禮 unveil a monument to the martyrs 為展覽會揭幕 inaugurate an exhibition 奠基典禮 foundation laying ceremony 開學典禮 school’s opening ceremony

畢業典禮 graduation ceremony /commencement 開國大典 founding ceremony of a state 婚禮 wedding ceremony 慶典 celebration 答謝宴會 return banquet 晚宴 evening reception/dinner 招待會/宴會 reception 冷餐招待會 buffet reception 聯歡/新年/篝火晚會 get-together/spring festival/campfire party 酒會 cocktail party 宣布…開幕 declare…open;declare the commencement of … 宣布…閉幕 declare the closing/conclusion of … 陛下 Your/His/Her Majesty 殿下 Your/His/Her(Royal/Imperial/Serene)Highness 閣下 Your/His/Her Honor/Excellency 貴賓們 distinguished guests 尊敬的主席先生respectable/honorable/respected Mr.President 至此… 之際 on the occasion of 代表… on behalf of …

我愿借此機會… I would like to take this opportunity to …/ I would like to avail myself of this great opportunity to …

我代表中國政府向各位來賓表示熱烈歡迎，對會議的召開表示衷心祝賀!On behalf of the Chinese government, I would like to extend our sincere welcome to all the guests here and to express our warm congratulations on the convening of this session.最后，祝各位在北京生活愉快，并祝會議圓滿成功!

Finally, I wish a full success of the conference and wish you all a pleasant stay here in Beijing.