第一篇：2010+2011年溫家寶總理政府工作報告中英文對照(完整版)1

2010各位代表，Fellow Deputies, 現在，我代表國務院向大會作政府工作報告，請予審議，并請全國政協各位委員提出意見。

On behalf of the State Council, I now present to you my report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I also invite the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC)to provide comments and suggestions.一、2009年工作回顧 I.Review of Work in 2009 2009年是新世紀以來我國經濟發展最為困難的一年。去年這個時候，國際金融危機還在擴散蔓延，世界經濟深度衰退，我國經濟受到嚴重沖擊，出口大幅下降，不少企業經營困難，有的甚至停產倒閉，失業人員大量增加，農民工大批返鄉，經濟增速陡然下滑。在異常困難的情況下，全國各族人民在中國共產黨的堅強領導下，堅定信心，迎難而上，頑強拼搏，從容應對國際金融危機沖擊，在世界率先實現經濟回升向好，改革開放和社會主義現代化建設取得新的重大成就。國內生產總值達到33.5萬億元，比上年增長8.7%；財政收入6.85萬億元，增長11.7%；糧食產量5.31億噸，再創歷史新高，實現連續6年增產；城鎮新增就業1102萬人；城鎮居民人均可支配收入17175元，農村居民人均純收入5153元，實際增長9.8%和8.5%。我國在全面建設小康社會道路上又邁出堅實的一步。實踐再次證明，任何艱難險阻都擋不住中華民族偉大復興的歷史進程。

The year 2009 was the most difficult year for our country's economic development since the beginning of the new century.This time last year the global financial crisis was still spreading, and the world economy was in a deep recession.Our economy was severely affected;our exports decreased significantly;a large number of enterprises had operating difficulties, and some even suspended production or closed down;the number of unemployed people increased significantly;many migrant workers had to return to their home villages;and the pace of our economic growth suddenly slowed down.In these unusually difficult circumstances, the people of all our ethnic groups fortified their confidence, tackled difficulties head on, worked tenaciously, and responded calmly to the impact of the global financial crisis under the firm leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC).Our economy was the first in the world to have made a turnaround, and we made major new achievements in reform and opening up as well as socialist modernization.GDP reached 33.5 trillion yuan, an increase of 8.7% over the previous year(here and below).Fiscal revenue was 6.85 trillion yuan, up 11.7%.Grain production was 531 million tons, a new record and an increase for the sixth consecutive year.A total of 11.02 million urban jobs were created.The per capita disposable income of urban residents was 17,175 yuan, and the net per capita income of rural residents was 5,153 yuan, up 9.8% and 8.5% respectively in real terms.We took another steady step along the path of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.Events again proved that no difficulties or obstacles can impede the course of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.過去的一年，極不平凡，令人振奮。我們隆重慶祝新中國成立60周年。撫今追昔，偉大祖國的輝煌成就極大地激發了全國人民的自信心和自豪感，極大地增強了中華民族的向心力和凝聚力，極大地提升了我國的國際地位和影響力，必將激勵我們在中國特色社會主義道路上繼續奮勇前進。

The past year was truly extraordinary and inspiring.We held a grand celebration of the 60th anniversary of the founding of New China.The outstanding achievements we made in that time have greatly boosted the confidence and pride of the people, strengthened the cohesiveness of the Chinese nation, and raised China's international standing and influence.All this definitely encourages us to continue to forge ahead on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.一年來，我們主要做了以下工作：

Over the last year, we mainly undertook the following work.（一）加強和改善宏觀調控，促進經濟平穩較快發展。我們實行積極的財政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策，全面實施并不斷完善應對國際金融危機的一攬子計劃。大規模增加財政支出和實行結構性減稅，保持貨幣信貸快速增長，提高貨幣政策的可持續性，擴大直接融資規模，滿足經濟社會發展的資金需求，有效擴大了內需，很快扭轉了經濟增速下滑趨勢。

1.Strengthening and improving macro-control and promoting steady and rapid economic development.We carried out a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy.We comprehensively implemented and constantly improved the package plan for addressing the global financial crisis.We significantly increased government spending, implemented structural tax reductions, rapidly increased supplies of money and credit, made our monetary policy more sustainable, and increased the amount of direct financing.We thus ensured funding for economic and social development, effectively boosted domestic demand, and quickly reversed the slowdown in economic growth.著力擴大居民消費。我們鼓勵消費的政策領域之寬、力度之大、受惠面之廣前所未有。中央財政投入資金 450億元，補貼家電汽車摩托車下鄉、汽車家電以舊換新和農機具購置。減半征收小排量汽車購置稅，減免住房交易相關稅收，支持自住性住房消費。全年汽車銷售1364萬輛，增長46.2%；商品房銷售9.37億平方米，增長42.1%；社會消費品零售總額實際增長16.9%，消費對經濟增長的拉動作用明顯增強。

We vigorously expanded consumer spending.Our policies to encourage consumption covered more areas, were stronger and benefited more people than ever before.The central government provided 45 billion yuan in subsidies for rural residents to purchase home appliances and motor vehicles, including motorbikes.Part of the subsidies also supported trading-in old motor vehicles and home appliances for new ones and purchasing agricultural machinery and tools.We halved the purchase tax on small-displacement automobiles.We reduced or exempted taxes on buying and selling homes to support the purchase of homes to be used as their owners' residences.Throughout the year 13.64 million motor vehicles were sold, an increase of 46.2%;commodity housing sales amounted to 937 million square meters, up 42.1%;and total retail sales of consumer goods increased 16.9% in real terms: Consumption played a much bigger role in fueling economic growth.促進投資快速增長。我們發揮政府投資“四兩撥千斤”的作用，引導帶動社會投資。實施兩年新增4萬億元的投資計劃。2009年中央政府公共投資9243億元，比上年預算增加5038億元，其中，保障性住房、農村民生工程、社會事業投資占44%，自主創新、結構調整、節能減排和生態建設占16%，重大基礎設施建設占23%，災后恢復重建占14%。全社會固定資產投資增長30.1%，投資結構進一步優化。投資快速增長有效彌補了外需下降的缺口，加強了薄弱環節，為經濟社會長遠發展奠定了堅實的基礎。

We promoted rapid growth in investment.We guided and stimulated non-government investment by means of well-leveraged government investment.We implemented a plan to invest an additional 4 trillion yuan over two years.In 2009, the central government's public investment was 924.3 billion yuan, 503.8 billion yuan more than in the previous year's budget.Of this, 44% was invested in.low-income housing, projects to improve the wellbeing of rural residents, and social programs;16% in independent innovation, restructuring, energy conservation, emissions reductions, and ecological improvement;23% in major infrastructure projects;and 14% in post-Wenchuan earthquake recovery and reconstruction.Fixed asset investment increased.30.1% nationwide.We further improved the investment structure.Rapid investment growth effectively compensated for the shortfall created by shrinking external demand, strengthened weak links, and laid a solid foundation for long-term economic and social development 我們加快推進汶川地震災后恢復重建，重災區已完成投資6545億元，占規劃總投資的65.5%。國家的大力支持，全國人民的無私援助，災區群眾的艱苦奮斗，使遭受重大創傷的災區呈現出嶄新面貌。一座座新城拔地而起，一個個村莊煥發出蓬勃生機。這充分體現了中華民族的無疆大愛，有力彰顯了社會主義制度的無比優越。

We accelerated the post-Wenchuan earthquake recovery and reconstruction work.We have already invested 654.5 billion yuan, 65.5% of the total planned investment, in the worst hit areas.Thanks to the government's strong support, the selfless assistance of people throughout the country, and the hard work of residents of the earthquake area, the badly damaged areas have taken on a brand-new appearance, with new towns rising straight out of the ground, and villages brimming with vitality.All this fully reflects the boundless love of the Chinese nation and powerfully demonstrates the incomparable superiority of the socialist system.（二）大力調整經濟結構，夯實長遠發展基礎。我們把保增長與調結構緊密結合起來，加快解決制約經濟發展的結構性矛盾。

2.Vigorously carrying out economic restructuring, and shoring up the foundation for long-term development.We closely integrated sustaining economic growth with economic restructuring, and moved more quickly to resolve structural problems limiting economic development.“三農”工作進一步加強。中央財政用于“三農”的支出7253億元，增長21.8%。大幅度提高糧食最低收購價。啟動實施全國新增千億斤糧食生產能力建設規劃。繼續改善農村生產生活條件，農村飲水安全工程使6069萬農民受益，新增510萬沼氣用戶，新建和改造農村公路38萬公里、農村電網線路26.6萬公里，又有80萬戶農村危房得到改造，9.2萬戶游牧民實現了定居。我們加大扶貧力度，貧困地區的生產生活條件得到明顯改善。

We further strengthened the work related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.The central government used 725.3 billion yuan to support agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, an increase of 21.8%.We raised the minimum grain purchase prices by a large margin.We began implementation of 'the plan to increase grain production capacity by 50 million tons nationwide.We continued to improve living and working conditions in rural areas.We implemented rural drinking water safety projects that benefited 60.69 million people, increased the number of methane gas users by 5.1.million, built and upgraded 380,000 kilometers of roads and 266,000 kilometers of electric power lines and renovated 800,000 dilapidated houses in the countryside, and helped build permanent housing for 92,000 nomadic families.We also intensified our efforts to fight poverty.As a result, working and living conditions notably improved in poverty-stricken areas.產業結構調整力度加大。制定并實施十大重點產業調整振興規劃。鼓勵企業加快技術改造，安排200億元技改專項資金支持4441個技改項目。重點行業兼并重組取得新進展。下大力氣抑制部分行業產能過剩和重復建設，關停小火電機組2617萬千瓦，淘汰落后的煉鋼產能1691萬噸、煉鐵產能2113萬噸、水泥產能7416萬噸、焦炭產能1809萬噸。加快實施國家科技重大專項，中央財政用于科技的支出1512億元，增長30%。積極支持自主創新產品推廣應用，清潔能源、第三代移動通信等一批新興產業快速發展。大力加強基礎設施建設，新建鐵路投入運營5557公里，高速公路新建通車4719公里，城市軌道交通建設加快，新建、改擴建民用機場35個；新增發電裝機8970萬千瓦，西氣東輸二線西段工程實現供氣，南水北調工程建設加快推進，6183座病險水庫除險加固工程開工建設。We intensified industrial restructuring.We formulated and implemented a plan for restructuring and invigorating ten key industries.We encouraged enterprises to accelerate technological upgrading, and provided 20 billion yuan to support 4,441 technological upgrading projects.Further progress was made in mergers and reorganization in key industries.We made great efforts to restrict excess production capacity and redundant development in some industries.We closed down 26.17 million kilowatts of small thermal power stations, and eliminated backward facilities with total production tons in the steelmaking industry, 21.13 million tons in the iron-smelting 74.16 million tons in the cement industry, and 18.09 million tons in the coke industry.We accelerated the implementation of major national science and technology projects，and spent 151.2 billion yuan of central government funds on science and technology, an increase of 30%.We vigorously supported the widespread use of domestically innovated products, and the development of emerging industries such as clean energy and third-generation mobile communications.We vigorously strengthened infrastructure development;put 5,557 kilometers of newly built railway lines into operation;opened 4,719 kilometers of new expressways to traffic, accelerated urban rail development;and built, renovated or expanded 35 civil airports.We increased the installed power-generating capacity by 89.7 million kilowatts, began supplying gas through the western section of the second line of the project for shipping natural gas from west to east, accelerated construction on the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, and began reinforcing 6,183 dangerous reservoirs.節能減排和環境保護扎實推進。安排預算內資金，支持重點節能工程、循環經濟等項目2983個；實施節能產品惠民工程，推廣節能空調500多萬臺、高效照明燈具1.5億只。繼續推進林業重點生態工程建設，完成造林8827萬畝，森林覆蓋率達到20.36%。綜合治理水土流失面積4.8萬平方公里。加強“三河三湖”等重點流域水污染防治和工業廢水廢氣廢渣治理。“十一五”前四年累計單位國內生產總值能耗下降 14.38%，化學需氧量、二氧化硫排放量分別下降9.66%和13.14%。積極開展應對氣候變化工作，明確提出2020年我國控制溫室氣體排放行動目標和政策措施。氣象預報預警和地震監測工作得到加強，災害防御能力不斷提升。We made solid progress in conserving energy, reducing emissions and protecting the environment.We supported 2,983 key energy conservation and recycling projects through budgetary investment.We implemented a project to promote energy-efficient products for the benefit of the people, putting into use more than 5 million energy-saving air-conditioners and 150 million energy-efficient light bulbs.We continued to develop key ecological projects in the forestry industry, and completed the afforestation of 5.88 million hectares, thereby raising the percentage of land covered by forest to 20.36%.Through combined measures, we brought soil erosion on 48,000 square kilometers of land under control.We strengthened the prevention and treatment of water pollution in the key watersheds of the Huai, Hai, and Liao rivers and Tai, Chao, and Dianchi lakes, and improved the control of wastewater, gases and residues from industry.Over the first four years of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, energy consumption per unit of GDP fell 14.38%，and chemical oxygen demand and sulfur dioxide emissions decreased 9.66% and 13.14% respectively.We made vigorous efforts to respond to climate change, and set forth our country's targets, policies and measures for controlling greenhouse gas emissions by 2020.We improved our weather forecasting and early warning;as well as earthquake monitoring, and constantly improved our disaster prevention and protection capabilities.區域協調發展邁出新步伐。深入實施區域發展總體戰略，制定若干區域發展重大規劃和政策。中西部和東北地區加快開放開發，積極承接產業轉移，發展基礎不斷夯實；東部地區加快結構和自主創新，經濟發展活力增強。區域發展呈現布局改善、結構優化、協調性提高的良好態勢。

We took new steps in balancing development between regions.We thoroughly implemented the overall strategy for regional development;and formulated several major regional development plans and policies.The central and western regions and northeast China accelerated opening up and development, welcomed industries relocated from other parts of the country, and continuously strengthened their foundation for development.The eastern region accelerated restructuring and independent innovation, and the vitality of its economic development increased.A favorable situation emerged in which regional development was better distributed, structured and coordinated.（三）堅持深化改革開放，不斷完善有利于科學發展的體制機制。我們把深化改革開放作為應對國際金融危機的強大動力，努力消除體制障礙，不斷提高對外開放水平。

3.Steadfastly deepening reform and opening up, and constantly improving institutions and mechanisms conducive to developing scientifically.We deepened reform and opening up to respond more powerfully to the global financial crisis, worked hard to remove institutional obstacles and continued to open wider to the outside world.重點領域和關鍵環節改革加快推進。增值稅轉型全面實施。成品油價格和稅費改革順利推進，新的成品油價格形成機制規范運行。國家開發銀行商業化轉型和農業銀行股份制改革扎實推進，跨境貿易人民幣結算試點啟動實施。創業板正式推出，為自主創新及其他成長型創業企業開辟了新的融資渠道。地方政府機構改革有序開展，事業單位分類改革試點穩步進行。集體林權制度改革全面推開，15億畝林地確權到戶，占全國集體林地面積的60%，這是繼土地家庭承包之后我國農村經營制度的又一重大變革。

We accelerated reform in key areas and links.We comprehensively carried out VAT reform.The reform of the prices of refined oil products and taxes and fees on them was implemented smoothly, and a new mechanism for pricing them worked well.We made solid progress in commercializing the China Development Bank and introducing the joint stock system in the Agricultural Bank of China, and launched a pilot project to use the renminbi as the settlement currency for cross-border trade.The ChiNext stock market was officially launched, which opened a new financing channel for enterprises based on independent innovation and other growth enterprises.We proceeded with the reform of local government departments in an orderly manner, and steadily carried out a trial of reforming institutions by type.We comprehensively launched the reform of tenure in collective forests.We devolved tenure in 100 million hectares of forest land to rural households, equaling 60% of the country's total area of collective forests.This is another major reform of China's rural operation system, and follows in the footsteps of the household land contract responsibility system.開放型經濟水平不斷提高。出臺一系列穩定外需的政策措施，采取符合國際慣例的方式支持出口企業，完成短期出口信用保險承保900億美元，安排421億美元大型成套設備出口融資保險。鼓勵增加進口。去年下半年開始進出口降幅明顯收窄，國際市場份額得到鞏固，全年進出口總額2.2萬億美元。扭轉利用外資下降局面，全年實際利用外商直接投資900億美元。企業“走出去”逆勢上揚，非金融類對外直接投資和對外工程承包營業額分別達433億美元和777億美元。積極參與國際宏觀經濟政策對話協調和經貿金融合作，在共同應對國際金融危機中發揮了建設性作用。

We constantly raised the level of the open economy.We introduced policies and measures to stabilize foreign demand, adopted methods that conform to international practices to support export companies, completed the issuance of short-term export credit insurance worth US$ 90 billion, and arranged $42.1 billion of export financing insurance for complete sets of large equipment.We encouraged increases in imports: Since the second half of last year;falls in imports and exports have clearly eased, and we have consolidated our share of international markets.Last year imports and exports totaled $2.2 trillion.We reversed the decline in utilized foreign investment, and actual utilized foreign direct investment amounted to $90 billion for the entire year.More enterprises “went global” in spite of the adverse situation;non-financial outward direct investment amounted to $43.3 billion, and receipts from overseas project contracting operations reached $77.7 billion.We actively participated in international macroeconomic policy dialogue and coordination as well as economic, trade and financial cooperation, and played a constructive role in the joint response to the global financial crisis.（四）著力改善民生，加快發展社會事業。在應對國際金融危機的困難情況下，我們更加注重保障和改善民生，切實解決人民群眾最關心、最直接、最現實的利益問題。

4.Striving to improve people's wellbeing and accelerating the development of social programs.In the difficult circumstances of responding to the global financial crisis, we gave greater priority to ensuring and improving people's wellbeing and effectively solved the most practical problems of the greatest and most direct concern to the people.實施更加積極的就業政策。強化政府促進就業的責任。中央財政安排就業專項資金426億元，比上年增長 59%。實施困難企業緩繳社會保險費或降低部分費率、再就業稅收減免及提供相關補貼等政策，鼓勵企業穩定和增加就業。開展系列就業服務活動，多渠道開辟公益性就業崗位，促進高校畢業生到基層就業、應征入伍和到企事業單位就業見習。全年組織2100萬城鄉勞動者參加職業培訓。這些措施促進了就業的基本穩定。

We implemented a more active employment policy.We increased the responsibility of the government for stimulating employment.The central government allocated 42.6 billion yuan in special employment funds, an increase of 59%.For distressed enterprises, we postponed and in some cases reduced their payment of social security contributions.We also reduced or exempted reemployment tax and provided related subsidies to encourage enterprises to maintain or increase their levels of employment.We launched a series of employment service activities, created public-service jobs through multiple channels, and encouraged college graduates to take jobs at the primary level, enlist in the army, or join enterprises and institutions as interns.We provided job training for 21 million urban and rural workers.These measures helped bring about basic employment stability.加快完善社會保障體系。普遍建立養老保險省級統籌制度，出臺包括農民工在內的城鎮企業職工養老保險關系轉移接續辦法。在320個縣開展新型農村社會養老保險試點，推動我國社會保障制度建設邁出歷史性步伐。中央財政安排社會保障資金2906億元，比上年增長16.6%。企業退休人員基本養老金連續5年增加，去年又人均提高10%。農村五保戶供養水平、優撫對象撫恤補助標準、城鄉低保對象保障水平都有新的提高。中央財政安排保障性安居工程補助資金551億元，比上年增長2倍。新建、改擴建各類保障性住房200萬套，棚戶區改造解決住房130萬套。全國社會保障基金積累6927億元，比上年增長44.2%。社會保障體系得到加強。

We accelerated improvements in the social security system.We established a nationwide pension planning system at the provincial level, and introduced a method for transferring pension accounts for workers of urban enterprises, some of whom are rural migrant workers.We launched a pilot project for a new rural pension insurance system in 320 counties-a historic step forward in the development of China's social security system.The central government allocated 290.6 billion yuan in social security funds, an increase of 16.6%.Pensions for enterprise retirees increased for the fifth consecutive year and registered another 10% rise per person.We provided better care for childless and infirm rural residents receiving guarantees of food, clothing, medical care, housing and burial expenses.We increased subsidies for entitled groups and subsistence allowances for both urban and rural recipients.The central government used 55.1 billion yuan to develop low-income housing projects, a two-fold increase over the previous year.We built, renovated or expanded 2 million low-income housing units of various types, and renovated or built 1:3 million housing units in run-down areas.Nationwide, social security funds reached 692.'7 billion yuan, an increase of 44.2%.We strengthened the social security system.進一步促進教育公平。大幅度增加全國教育支出，其中中央財政支出1981億元，比上年增長23.6%。全面落實城鄉義務教育政策，中央下達農村義務教育經費666億元，提前一年實現農村中小學生人均公用經費500元和300元的目標。實行義務教育階段教師績效工資制度。中等職業學校農村家庭經濟困難學生和涉農專業學生免學費政策開始實施。國家助學制度不斷完善，資助學生2871萬人，基本保障了困難家庭的孩子不因貧困而失學。

We made education more equitable.We increased education spending nationwide significantly, including central government spending of 198.1 billion yuan, an increase of 23.6%.We comprehensively implemented the urban and rural compulsory education policy, spent 66.6 billion yuan of central government funds on rural compulsory education, and reached the target of raising public spending for rural secondary and primary school students to an average of 500 yuan and 300 yuan per student respectively a year ahead of schedule.We implemented a performance-based pay system for compulsory education teachers.We started to implement the policy of free tuition for rural students attending secondary vocational schools whose families have financial difficulties and students in such schools who are studying agriculture-related majors.We constantly improved the national student financial aid system;which benefited 28.71 million students and basically ensured that no children from poor families were denied schooling due to financial difficulties.穩步推進醫藥衛生事業改革發展。組織實施醫藥衛生體制改革。中央財政醫療衛生支出1277億元，比上年增長49.5%。城鎮職工和城鎮居民基本醫療保險參保4.01億人，新型農村合作醫療制度覆蓋8.3億人。中央財政安排429億元，解決關閉破產國有企業退休人員醫療保險問題。基本藥物制度在30％的基層醫療衛生機構實施。中央財政支持建設了一批縣級醫院、鄉鎮中心衛生院和社區衛生服務中心。啟動實施擴大乙肝疫苗接種等重大公共衛生服務專項。加強食品、藥品安全專項整治。面對突如其來的甲型HlN1流感疫情，我們依法科學有序地開展防控工作，有效保障了人民群眾生命安全，維護了社會正常秩序。

We made steady progress in the reform and development of the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields.We organized the implementation of the reform of the pharmaceutical and healthcare systems.The central government spent 127.7 billion yuan on medical and health care, an increase of 49.5%.A total of 401 million urban workers and non-working urban residents subscribed to basic medical insurance;and coverage of the new type of rural cooperative medical care system reached $30 million people.The central government allocated 42.9 billion yuan to solve the problem of medical insurance for retired workers from closed and bankrupt state-owned enterprises.The basic drug system has been implemented in 30% of primary-level medical and health care institutions.Central government funds were used to support the construction of a number of county-level hospitals, town and township central hospitals, and community health service centers.We launched major public health service projects, including one to increase vaccinations against hepatitis B.We intensified special campaigns for food and drug safety.Faced with the sudden outbreak of influenza A(H1N1), we carried out scientific and orderly prevention and control work in accordance with the law, and thereby effectively protected people's lives and maintained normal order in society.在國際金融危機嚴重沖擊、世界經濟負增長的背景下，我國取得這樣的成績極為不易。這是以胡錦濤同志為總書記的黨中央統攬全局、正確領導的結果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民和衷共濟、團結奮斗的結果。在這里，我代表國務院，向全國各族人民，各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士，表示誠摯的感謝！向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯的感謝！向關心和支持中國現代化建設的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯的感謝！It was not at all easy for our country to make all these achievements against the backdrop of the severe impact of the global financial crisis and the negative growth of the world economy: They were the result of the overall planning and correct leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary as well as the concerted and strenuous efforts of the whole Party, the entire army, and the people of all of our ethnic groups.On behalf of the Mate Council, I hereby express our sincere gratitude to the people of all of our ethnic groups and to the democratic parties, mass organizations, and people from all sectors of society.I also express our sincere thanks to our compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas, as well as to foreign governments, international organizations, and friends in other countries that take an interest in and support China's modernization.一年來，我們認真貫徹落實科學發展觀，積極應對國際金融危機，全面做好政府工作，有以下幾點體會：必須堅持運用市場機制和宏觀調控兩種手段，在堅持市場經濟改革方向、發揮市場配置資源基礎性作用、激發市場活力的同時，充分發揮我國社會主義制度決策高效、組織有力、集中力量辦大事的優勢。必須堅持處理好短期和長期兩方面關系，注重遠近結合、標本兼治，既克服短期困難、解決突出矛盾，又加強重點領域和薄弱環節、為長遠發展奠定基礎。必須堅持統籌國內國際兩個大局，把擴大內需作為長期戰略方針，堅定不移地實行互利共贏的開放戰略，加快形成內需外需協調拉動經濟增長的格局。必須堅持發展經濟與改善民生、維護社會公平正義的內在統一，圍繞改善民生謀發展，把改善民生作為經濟發展的出發點、落腳點和持久動力，著眼維護公平正義，讓全體人民共享改革發展成果，促進社會和諧穩定。必須堅持發揮中央和地方兩個積極性，既強調統一思想、顧全大局，又鼓勵因地制宜、探索創新，形成共克時艱的強大合力。這些經驗對我們堅持中國特色社會主義道路，提高駕馭社會主義市場經濟能力，推進現代化進程，具有重要而深遠的意義。

In the course of the past year, as we conscientiously applied the Scientific Outlook on Development;vigorously responded to the global financial crisis and completed all of our government work, we came to the following conclusions: We must continue to make use of both market mechanisms and macro-control, that is, at the same time as we keep our reforms oriented toward a market economy, let market forces play their basic role in allocating resources, and stimulate the market's vitality, we must make best use of the socialist system's advantages, which enable us to make decisions efficiently, organize effectively, and concentrate resources to accomplish large undertakings.We must balance long-and short-term interests, take into account long-and short-term needs, and address both the symptoms and root causes of problems.We must overcome short-term difficulties and solve major problems as well as strengthen key areas and weak links in order to lay a foundation for long-term development.We must continue to consider domestic and international situations, make it a long-term strategic policy to boost domestic demand, adhere to the win-win strategy of opening up, and quickly formulate a pattern in which domestic demand and foreign demand drive economic growth in concert.We must always remember that developing the economy is inseparable from improving people's wellbeing and safeguarding social fairness and justice;make improving people's wellbeing the focus of development, and the starting point, goal, and lasting driving force of economic development;strive to safeguard fairness and justice;ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development;and promote social harmony and stability.We must give free rein to the initiative of both the central and local authorities.While stressing unity of thinking and keeping overall interests in mind, we also need to encourage everyone to proceed in light of local conditions and make explorations and innovations, in order to form a powerful, concerted force for overcoming present difficulties.All of these experiences are of vital and profound significance for keeping to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, improving our ability to run the socialist market economy, and pushing ahead the process of modernization.二、2010年主要任務 II.Main Tasks for 2010 今年是繼續應對國際金融危機、保持經濟平穩較快發展、加快轉變經濟發展方式的關鍵一年，是全面實現“十一五”規劃目標、為“十二五”發展打好基礎的重要一年。

This is a crucial year for continuing to deal with the global financial crisis, maintaining steady and rapid economic development, and accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development.It is also an important year for achieving all the targets of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan and laying a solid foundation for development on the basis of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan.今年發展環境雖然有可能好于去年，但是面臨的形勢極為復雜。各種積極變化和不利影響此長彼消，短期問題和長期矛盾相互交織，國內因素和國際因素相互影響，經濟社會發展中“兩難”問題增多。從國際看，世界經濟有望恢復性增長，國際金融市場漸趨穩定，經濟全球化深入發展的大趨勢沒有改變，世界經濟格局大變革、大調整孕育著新的發展機遇。同時，世界經濟復蘇的基礎仍然脆弱，金融領域風險沒有完全消除，各國刺激政策退出抉擇艱難，國際大宗商品價格和主要貨幣匯率可能加劇波動，貿易保護主義明顯抬頭，加上氣候變化、糧食安全、能源資源等全球性問題錯綜復雜，外部環境不穩定、不確定因素依然很多。從國內看，我國仍處在重要戰略機遇期。經濟回升向好的基礎進一步鞏固，市場信心增強，擴大內需和改善民生的政策效應繼續顯現，企業適應市場變化的能力和競爭力不斷提高。但是，經濟社會發展中仍然存在一些突出矛盾和問題。經濟增長內生動力不足，自主創新能力不強，部分行業產能過剩矛盾突出，結構調整難度加大；就業壓力總體上持續增加和結構性用工短缺的矛盾并存；農業穩定發展和農民持續增收的基礎不穩固；財政金融領域潛在風險增加；醫療、教育、住房、收入分配、社會管理等方面的突出問題亟待解決。我們必須全面、正確判斷形勢，決不能把經濟回升向好的趨勢等同于經濟運行根本好轉。要增強憂患意識，充分利用有利條件和積極因素，努力化解矛盾，更加周密地做好應對各種風險和挑戰的準備，牢牢把握工作的主動權。

Although this year's development environment may be better than last year’s, we still face a very complex situation.Some positive changes and negative influences are growing while others are diminishing.Short-term and long-term problems are interwoven, domestic and international factors mutually affect each other, and the dilemmas facing economic and social development are increasing.Internationally, the global economy will hopefully turn around.International financial markets are stabilizing, and the overall trend toward increased economic globalization has not changed.Considerable changes and adjustments in the world economic structure will bring new development opportunities.At the same time, many destabilizing factors and uncertainties remain in our external environment.The foundation for global economic recovery remains weak;financial risks have not been completely eliminated;individual countries face difficult choices in phasing out their stimulus policies;larger fluctuations may occur in the prices of major commodities and exchange rates among the major currencies;trade protectionism is clearly reasserting itself;and global problems such as climate change, food security and energy and resource supplies remain complex.Domestically, our country is still in an important period of strategic opportunities.The foundation for economic turnaround is becoming stronger, market confidence has increased, the policy we adopted to boost domestic demand and improve people's wellbeing continues to show results, and enterprises are constantly becoming more competitive and better able to adapt to market changes.Nevertheless, there are still some serious problems affecting economic and social development.There is insufficient internal impetus driving economic growth;our independent innovation capability is not strong;there is still considerable excess production capacity in some industries and it is becoming more difficult to restructure them;while the pressure on employment is constantly growing overall, there is a structural shortage of labor;the foundation for keeping agricultural production and farmers' incomes growing steadily is weak;latent risks in the banking and public finance sectors are increasing;and major problems in the areas of healthcare, education, housing, income distribution and public administration urgently require solutions.We must make a comprehensive and correct judgment of the situation, and we must not interpret the economic turnaround as a fundamental improvement in the economic situation.We need to strengthen our awareness of potential dangers, make full use of favorable conditions and positive factors, strive to resolve problems, make even more thorough preparations to deal with risks and challenges of all kinds, and firmly keep the initiative in our work.做好今年的政府工作，要認真貫徹黨的十七大和十七屆三中、四中全會精神，以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導，深入貫徹落實科學發展觀，著力搞好宏觀調控和保持經濟平穩較快發展，著力加快經濟發展方式轉變和經濟結構調整，著力推進改革開放和自主創新，著力改善民生和促進社會和諧穩定，全面推進社會主義經濟建設、政治建設、文化建設、社會建設以及生態文明建設，加快全面建設小康社會進程，努力實現經濟社會又好又快發展。

To do a good job of our government work this year, we need to conscientiously implement the guiding principles of the Seventeenth National Party Congress and the third and fourth plenary sessions of the Seventeenth Central Committee;take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide;thoroughly implement the Scientific Outlook on Development;strive to apply macro-control appropriately and maintain steady and rapid economic development;work hard to accelerate economic restructuring and the transformation of the pattern of economic development;press ahead with reform and opening up and with independent innovation;strive to improve people's wellbeing and to promote social harmony and stability;make headway with our efforts to encourage socialist economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological development;pick up the pace of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects;and work hard to achieve sound, rapid economic and social development.今年經濟社會發展的主要預期目標是：國內生產總值增長8％左右；城鎮新增就業900萬人以上，城鎮登記失業率控制在4.6％以內；居民消費價格漲幅3％左右；國際收支狀況改善。這里要著重說明，提出國內生產總值增長8％左右，主要是強調好字當頭，引導各方面把工作重點放到轉變經濟發展方式、調整經濟結構上來。提出居民消費價格漲幅3％左右，綜合考慮了去年價格變動的翹尾因素、國際大宗商品價格的傳導效應、國內貨幣信貸增長的滯后影響以及居民的承受能力，并為資源環境稅費和資源性產品價格改革留有一定空間。

This year the main targets we have set for economic and social development are: increasing GDP by approximately 8%, creating jobs for more than 9 million people entering the urban workforce, keeping the urban registered unemployment rate no higher than 4.6%, holding the rise in consumer prices to around 3%, and improving the balance of payments.Here I would like to stress that in targeting a GDP increase of around 8%, we are emphasizing sound development, and we need to guide all sectors to focus on transforming the pattern of economic development and restructuring the economy in their work.By targeting an increase in consumer prices of around 3%, we are giving full consideration to the carry-over effects of last year's price changes, the reverberations caused by price changes for major international commodities, the continued impact of increases in domestic supplies of money and credit;and consumers' ability to bear price increases, while also leaving room for reform in resource and environment taxes and fees and in the pricing of resource products.今年要重點抓好八個方面工作：

This year we will focus on the following eight areas.（一）提高宏觀調控水平，保持經濟平穩較快發展 1.Exercising better macro-control and maintaining steady and rapid economic development 要繼續實施積極的財政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策，保持政策的連續性和穩定性，根據新形勢新情況不斷提高政策的針對性和靈活性，把握好政策實施的力度、節奏和重點。處理好保持經濟平穩較快發展、調整經濟結構和管理好通脹預期的關系。既要保持足夠的政策力度、鞏固經濟回升向好的勢頭，又要加快經濟結構調整、推動經濟發展方式轉變取得實質性進展，還要管理好通脹預期、穩定物價總水平。

We need to continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy.We need to maintain continuity and stability in our policies while constantly making them better-targeted and more flexible as circumstances and conditions change, and keep a good grasp of the intensity, pace and focus of their implementation.We need to skillfully handle the relationship between maintaining steady and rapid economic development, restructuring the economy and managing inflation expectations.We not only need to maintain sufficient policy intensity and consolidate the momentum of the economic turnaround, but we also need to accelerate economic restructuring and make substantive progress in transforming the pattern of economic development.In addition, we need to manage inflation expectations well and keep the overall level of prices stable.繼續實施積極的財政政策。

We will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy.一是保持適度的財政赤字和國債規模。今年擬安排財政赤字10500億元，其中中央財政赤字8500億元，繼續代發地方債2000億元并納入地方財政預算。這樣的安排主要是考慮到今年財政收支矛盾仍然十分突出。從財政收入看，上一年一次性特殊增收措施沒有或減少了，還要繼續實施結構性減稅政策，財政收入增長不會太快；從財政支出看，繼續實施應對國際金融危機的一攬子計劃，完成在建項目、加強薄弱環節、推進改革、改善民生、維護穩定等都需要增加投入。First, we will keep the deficit and government bonds at appropriate levels.This year, we have projected a deficit of 1.05 trillion yuan, which consists of 850 billion yuan in central government deficit and 200 billion yuan in local government bonds, which will be included in local government budgets.These arrangements are based mainly on the consideration that this year revenue will fall significantly short of expenditures.Regarding revenue, last year's one-off measures to increase revenue will either not be repeated or will be decreased.We also need to continue to implement the policy of structural tax reductions;consequently, revenue will not increase very quickly.Regarding expenditures, we will continue to implement the package plan for dealing with the global financial crisis, and increase spending to complete work on projects now under construction, strengthen weak links, carry forward reform, improve people's wellbeing and maintain stability.二是繼續實施結構性減稅政策，促進擴大內需和經濟結構調整。

Second, we will continue to implement the structural tax reduction policy to expand domestic demand and promote economic restructuring.三是優化財政支出結構，有保有壓，把錢花在刀刃上。繼續向“三農”、民生、社會事業等領域傾斜，支持節能環保、自主創新和欠發達地區的建設。嚴格控制一般性支出，大力壓縮公用經費。

Third, we will improve the structure of expenditures, maintain expenditures in some areas while reducing them in others, and spend our money where it counts the most.We will continue to give preference to agriculture, farmers, and rural areas, and to improving people's wellbeing and developing social programs.We will support energy conservation, environmental protection, independent innovation, and development in underdeveloped areas.We will strictly control regular expenditures, and do all we can to reduce public spending.四是切實加強政府性債務管理，增強內外部約束力，有效防范和化解潛在財政風險。同時，要依法加強稅收征管和非稅收入管理，嚴厲打擊偷騙稅行為，做到應收盡收。

Fourth, we will effectively improve government debt management, strengthen internal and external restraints, and effectively guard against and fend off latent public finance risks.In addition, we need to strengthen tax collection and supervision as well as supervision of non-tax revenue in accordance with the law, strictly crack down on tax fraud, and collect all due taxes.繼續實施適度寬松的貨幣政策。

We will continue to implement a moderately easy monetary policy.一是保持貨幣信貸合理充裕。今年廣義貨幣M2增長目標為17％左右，新增人民幣貸款7.5萬億元左右。這兩個指標雖然都低于去年實際執行結果，但仍然是一個適度寬松的政策目標，能夠滿足經濟社會發展的合理資金需求。同時也有利于管理好通脹預期、提高金融支持經濟發展的可持續性。

First, we will ensure that there are proper and sufficient supplies of money and credit.This year's target for expanding the broad money supply(M2)is around 17%, and we will increase the total quantity of renminbi loans by approximately 7.5 trillion yuan.Although both of these increases are less than the actual increases last year, they are still moderately easy policy goals, and they can satisfy reasonable financial demands of economic and social development.In addition, these goals are beneficial for managing inflation expectations and making financial support for economic development more sustainable.二是優化信貸結構。落實有保有控的信貸政策，加強對重點領域和薄弱環節的支持，有效緩解農戶和小企業融資難問題，嚴格控制對“兩高”行業和產能過剩行業的貸款。強化貸后管理，確保信貸資金支持實體經濟。

Second, we will improve the credit structure.We will implement a credit policy that guarantees credit in some areas and limits it in others;increase support for important areas and weak links;effectively alleviate the difficulties farmers and small businesses have in obtaining financing;and strictly control loans to industries that are energy-intensive, highly polluting or saddled with overcapacity.We will strengthen post-loan supervision and ensure that loans are used to support the real economy.三是積極擴大直接融資。完善多層次資本市場體系，擴大股權和債券融資規模，更好地滿足多樣化投融資需求。

Third, we will actively expand direct financing.We will improve the system of multilevel capital markets, increase financing by selling equities and issuing bonds, and better satisfy the diverse demand for investment and financing.四是加強風險管理，提高金融監管有效性。探索建立宏觀審慎管理制度，強化對跨境資本流動的有效監控，防范各類金融風險。繼續完善人民幣匯率形成機制，保持人民幣匯率在合理、均衡水平上的基本穩定。

Fourth, we will strengthen risk management and make financial oversight and supervision more effective.We will explore ways to establish a system of prudent macro management, strengthen the monitoring of the cross-border flow of capital, and guard against all kinds of financial risks.We will continue to improve the mechanism for setting the renminbi exchange rate and keep it basically stable at an appropriate and balanced level.積極擴大居民消費需求。繼續提高農民收入、企業退休人員基本養老金、部分優撫對象待遇和城鄉居民最低生活保障水平，增強居民特別是中低收入者消費能力。鞏固擴大傳統消費，積極培育信息、旅游、文化、健身、培訓、養老、家庭服務等消費熱點，促進消費結構優化升級。擴大消費信貸。加強商貿流通體系等基礎設施建設，積極發展電子商務。整頓和規范市場秩序，努力營造便利、安全、放心的消費環境。繼續實施和完善鼓勵消費的各項政策措施。大幅提高家電下鄉產品最高限價，增加品種和型號，擴大補貼范圍，完善補貼標準和辦法，加強對中標企業的管理和考核，提高產品質量和服務水平；完善家電、汽車以舊換新和汽車、摩托車下鄉政策，小排量汽車購置稅按7.5％征收。我們一定要落實好這些政策措施，把好事辦好，真正讓廣大群眾得到實惠。

We will energetically expand consumer demand.We will continue to increase farmers' incomes, basic pensions of enterprise retirees, allowances to some entitled groups, subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents, and people's purchasing power, especially low-and middle-income earners.We will strengthen and expand traditional consumption, and promote the upgrading of the consumption structure by actively cultivating areas of high consumption, such as information, tourism, culture, fitness, training, services for the elderly and household services.We will increase consumer credit.We will strengthen infrastructure, such as the logistics system, and vigorously develop e-commerce.We will overhaul and standardize markets to create a convenient, safe and worry-free environment for consumers.We will continue to implement and improve all of our policies and measures for encouraging consumption.We will considerably raise the maximum price limits for home appliances sold, in the countryside, increase types of appliances and models eligible for subsidies, expand the scope of subsidies, improve the criteria for qualifying for subsidies and the way subsidies are granted, strengthen supervision and evaluation of enterprises that win bids for contracts, and raise the quality of products and services.We will improve the policies for getting consumers to trade-in old motor vehicles and home appliances for new ones and getting rural residents to buy motor vehicles, and set the purchase tax for small-displacement automobiles at 7.5%.We must implement these policies and measures, do meaningful work and do it well, and make sure the benefits reach the people.著力優化投資結構。各級政府投資都要集中力量保重點，嚴格控制新開工項目，資金安排主要用于項目續建和收尾，切實防止出現“半拉子”工程。扎實推進地震災區恢復重建，保質保量完成任務。鼓勵擴大民間投資，完善和落實促進民間投資的相關政策。加強和改進投資管理，嚴格執行用地、節能、環保、安全等市場準入標準和產業政策，切實防止重復建設。對有財政資金投入的建設項目，要加強全程監督，堅決避免以擴大內需為名，搞勞民傷財的形象工程和政績工程。堅持科學民主決策，確保公共投資真正用于推進經濟社會發展和改善人民生活，經得起實踐和歷史的檢驗。

We will strive to improve the investment structure.Government investment at all levels needs to be concentrated in the most important areas, and the launching of new projects must be strictly controlled.It should be used mainly for carrying on and completing projects, and we need to ensure that projects are not stopped midway.We will steadily move forward with the recovery and reconstruction of quake-hit areas, and make sure quality and quantity targets are met.We will encourage greater non-government investment, and improve and implement policies to achieve this goal.We will strengthen and improve the supervision of investment;strictly enforce market entry standards and industrial policies concerning land use, energy conservation, environmental protection, and safety;and effectively prevent redundant construction.For projects financed through the public treasury, relevant departments need to exercise oversight of the entire course of the project, and we must prevent the construction of image and vanity projects that waste manpower and money in the name of boosting domestic demand.We will adhere to scientific and democratic decision making, and ensure that public funds are spent on projects that promote economic and social development and improve people's lives and that will stand the test of practice and history.（二）加快轉變經濟發展方式，調整優化經濟結構

2.Accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development and adjusting and optimizing the economic structure 轉變經濟發展方式刻不容緩。要大力推動經濟進入創新驅動、內生增長的發展軌道。

We urgently need to transform the pattern of economic development.We will work hard to put economic development onto the track of endogenous growth driven by innovation.繼續推進重點產業調整振興。

We will continue to promote restructuring and revitalization in key industries.一是加大技術改造力度。用好技改專項資金，引導企業開發新產品和節能降耗。First, we will intensify technological upgrading.We will effectively use funds for technological upgrading to guide enterprises in developing new products, saving energy and reducing resource consumption.二是促進企業兼并重組。打破行業壟斷和地區封鎖，推動優勢企業兼并困難企業，加快淘汰落后產能。

Second, we will encourage mergers and reorganization of enterprises.We will break industry monopolies;remove regional blockades, support superior enterprises in acquiring ones in financial difficulties;and close down backward production facilities more quickly.三是全面提升產品質量。引導企業以品牌、標準、服務和效益為重點，健全質量管理體系，強化社會責任。切實加強市場監管和誠信體系建設，努力把我國產品質量提高到新水平。

Third, we will comprehensively raise product quality.We will guide enterprises to improve their quality management systems;focusing on brands, standards, service, and performance, and to enhance their sense of social responsibility: We will effectively strengthen the market oversight and credibility systems, and strive to raise the quality of China's products to a new level.大力培育戰略性新興產業。國際金融危機正在催生新的科技革命和產業革命。發展戰略性新興產業，搶占經濟科技制高點，決定國家的未來，必須抓住機遇，明確重點，有所作為。要大力發展新能源、新材料、節能環保、生物醫藥、信息網絡和高端制造產業。積極推進新能源汽車、“三網”融合取得實質性進展，加快物聯網的研發應用。加大對戰略性新興產業的投入和政策支持。

We will foster emerging industries of strategic importance.The global financial crisis is hastening the birth of a new technological and industrial revolution.It is of decisive importance for the future of our country that we develop emerging industries of strategic importance and capture the economic, scientific and technological high ground;therefore, we must seize opportunities, identify priorities, and achieve results.We need to vigorously develop new energy sources, new materials, energy conservation, environmental protection, biomedicine, information networks, and high-end manufacturing industries.We will make substantive progress in developing motor vehicles powered by new energy sources and in integrating telecommunications networks, cable television networks, and the Internet, and accelerate R&D in and application of the Internet of Things.We will also increase investment in and policy support for emerging industries of strategic importance.進一步促進中小企業發展。

We will further promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises.一是建立和完善中小企業服務體系。抓緊修訂中小企業劃分標準，加快中小企業公共服務平臺、信息服務網絡和小企業創業基地建設，進一步減少、簡化行政審批，堅決清理和取消不合理收費。

First, we will set up a sound service system for small and medium-sized enterprises.We will promptly revise the criteria for classifying such enterprises, accelerate the development of a public service platform and an information service network for them and bases for small business startups, continue to reduce and streamline administrative examination and approval procedures, and resolutely sort out fees and eliminate unreasonable ones.二是繼續落實財政對中小企業支持政策。中央財政扶持中小企業發展專項資金安排106億元。對部分小型微利企業實行所得稅優惠政策。中央財政預算內技術改造專項投資要覆蓋中小企業，地方政府也要加大投入。

Second, we will continue to implement the policy of fiscal support for small and medium-sized enterprises.The central government will allocate 10.6 billion yuan to support their development.A preferential income tax policy for small enterprises with low profits will be implemented.Small and medium-sized enterprises will be eligible to receive money from special funds for technological upgrading in the central budget, and local governments should also increase investment in technological upgrading.三是加強對中小企業的金融支持。完善小企業信貸考核體系。鼓勵建立小企業貸款風險補償基金。中小企業貸款稅前全額撥備損失準備金。發展多層次中小企業信用擔保體系，落實好對符合條件的中小企業信用擔保機構免征營業稅、準備金提取和代償損失在稅前扣除的政策。拓寬中小企業融資渠道，切實解決中小企業特別是小企業融資難問題。

Third, we will provide better financial support for small and medium-sized enterprises.We will improve the credit assessment system for small enterprises, and encourage the establishment of a loan risk compensation fund for them.We will allow full tax deductions for loan loss reserves for loans to small and medium-sized enterprises.We will develop a multilevel system of credit guarantees for these enterprises, and implement the policy of exempting business tax for qualified credit guarantee agencies serving them and allow those agencies to exempt withdrawals from reserve funds and compensation for losses from taxation.We will expand channels for small and medium-sized enterprises to obtain financing in order to effectively solve their financing problems, especially those of small enterprises.加快發展服務業。進一步提高服務業發展水平和在國民經濟中的比重。大力發展金融、物流、信息、研發、工業設計、商務、節能環保服務等面向生產的服務業，促進服務業與現代制造業有機融合。大力發展市政公用事業、房地產和物業服務、社區服務等面向民生的服務業，加快發展旅游業，積極拓展新型服務領域。農村服務業基礎薄弱、發展潛力大，要加快構建和完善以生產銷售、科技信息和金融服務為主體的農村生產生活服務體系。加快建立公開平等規范的服務業準入制度，鼓勵社會資本進入。進一步完善促進服務業發展的政策，逐步實現國家鼓勵類服務業用電、用水、用氣、用熱與工業基本同價。

We will accelerate the development of the service sector.We will further raise the development level of the service sector and its proportion of the national economy.We will vigorously develop production-oriented service industries, including finance, logistics, information, R&D, industrial design, commerce, energy conservation, and environmental protection services, and promote the intimate integration of service industries with modern manufacturing industries.We will also develop public utilities, real estate, and property management services, community services and other service industries closely related to people's wellbeing.We will accelerate the development of tourism and expand new types of services.In view of the weak foundation and great potential of the service sector in rural areas, we need to accelerate the establishment of a sound system of rural workplace and consumer services, mainly revolving around production, sales, scientific and technological information, and financial services.We will speed up the establishment of an open, fair, and standardized system for licensing service providers and encourage the participation of non-government capital.We will further improve policies for promoting development in the service sector, and gradually lower the electricity, water, gas, and heat rates for service industries encouraged by the state to the same levels charged to industrial enterprises.打好節能減排攻堅戰和持久戰。

We will strive to conserve energy and reduce emissions.一要以工業、交通、建筑為重點，大力推進節能，提高能源效率。扎實推進十大重點節能工程、千家企業節能行動和節能產品惠民工程，形成全社會節能的良好風尚。今年要新增8000萬噸標準煤的節能能力。所有新建、改建、擴建燃煤機組必須同步建成并運行煙氣脫硫設施。First, we will energetically promote energy conservation and raise the efficiency of energy consumption, especially in industry, transportation, and construction.We will make solid progress in the ten major energy conservation projects, the campaign to save energy in 1,000 enterprises, and the project to promote energy-efficient products that benefit the people, and make saving energy a good habit throughout society.We will increase our energy-saving capacity by an equivalent of 80 million tons of standard coal.Every newly built, renovated or expanded coal-fired power generating unit must be equipped with and continuously employ desulphurization equipment.二要加強環境保護。積極推進重點流域區域環境治理及城鎮污水垃圾處理、農業面源污染治理、重金屬污染綜合整治等工作。新增城鎮污水日處理能力1500萬立方米、垃圾日處理能力6萬噸。

Second, we will strengthen environmental protection.We will work to improve the environment in key watersheds and regions, treat urban sewage and garbage, deal with pollution from non-point agricultural sources, and comprehensively clean up heavy metal pollution.In urban areas, the daily sewage treatment capacity will increase by 15 million cubic meters and the daily garbage disposal capacity will grow by 60,000 tons.三要積極發展循環經濟和節能環保產業。支持循環經濟技術研發、示范推廣和能力建設。抓好節能、節水、節地、節材工作。推進礦產資源綜合利用、工業廢物回收利用、余熱余壓發電和生活垃圾資源化利用。

Third, we will energetically develop a circular economy and the energy conservation and environmental protection industries.For the circular economy, we will support R&D in technology, demonstrations and applications, and capacity building.We will save energy, water, land and materials.We will comprehensively utilize mineral resources, recycle industrial waste, use by-product heat and pressure to generate electricity, and transform household solid waste into resources.四要積極應對氣候變化。大力開發低碳技術，推廣高效節能技術，積極發展新能源和可再生能源，加強智能電網建設。加快國土綠化進程，增加森林碳匯，新增造林面積不低于8880萬畝。要努力建設以低碳排放為特征的產業體系和消費模式，積極參與應對氣候變化國際合作，推動全球應對氣候變化取得新進展。Fourth, we will actively respond to climate change.We will improve our ability to adapt to it and ameliorate its effects.We will work hard to develop low-carbon technologies;promote application of highly efficient, energy-conserving technologies;develop new and renewable energies;and intensify development of smart power grids.We will accelerate afforestation, increase forest carbon sinks and expand our forests by at least 5.92 million hectares.We need to energetically build an industrial system and consumption pattern with low carbon emissions.We will participate in international cooperation to address climate changes and work for further progress in the global fight against climate change.推進區域經濟協調發展。繼續深入推進西部大開發，全面振興東北地區等老工業基地，大力促進中部地區崛起，積極支持東部地區率先發展。認真落實促進區域經濟社會發展的各項規劃和政策。加快推進主體功能區建設。重點抓好西藏和四省藏區、新疆經濟社會發展政策的制定和實施工作。加強對革命老區、民族地區、邊疆地區和貧困地區的支持。實施區域發展總體戰略，重在發揮各地比較優勢，有針對性地解決各地發展中的突出矛盾和問題；重在扭轉區域經濟社會發展差距擴大的趨勢，增強發展的協調性；重在加快完善公共財政體系，促進基本公共服務均等化。

We will promote balanced economic development between regions.We will continue to develop the western region on a large scale, comprehensively reinvigorate the old industrial bases in northeast China and elsewhere, energize the development of the central region, and support the eastern region in taking the lead in development.We will conscientiously implement all plans and policies for promoting regional economic and social development.We will accelerate growth of development priority zones.We will focus on formulating and implementing policies for economic and social development in Xinjiang, Tibet, and Tibetan ethnic areas in Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu and Qinghai provinces.We will increase support for old revolutionary areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas.When implementing the overall strategy for regional development, we will emphasize exploiting different regions' comparative advantages and making well-targeted efforts to solve major problems arising in the course of development in each region.We will focus on reversing the growing gap in economic and social development between regions, balancing their development better, accelerating the improvement of the public finance system, and snaking access to basic public services more equal.（三）加大統籌城鄉發展力度，強化農業農村發展基礎

3.Improving the balance between urban and rural development and strengthening the foundation for the development of agriculture and rural areas 在連續6年增產增收之后，更要毫不松懈地抓好“三農”工作。要按照統籌城鄉發展的要求，堅持把解決好“三農”問題作為全部工作的重中之重，進一步強化強農惠農政策，協調推進工業化、城鎮化和農業農村現代化，鞏固和發展農業農村好形勢。

After six consecutive years of increases in grain output and rural incomes, it is vital we sustain our good work in the areas of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.In accordance with the requirements for balancing urban and rural development, we need to make solving problems faced by agriculture, rural areas, and farmers a top priority in all our work;further strengthen our policies to aid agriculture and benefit farmers;coordinate industrialization, urbanization, and agricultural and rural modernization;and consolidate and build upon the good situation in agriculture and rural areas.促進農業穩定發展和農民持續增收。穩定糧食生產，擴大油料種植面積，增加重要緊缺農產品供應，大規模開展糧棉油糖高產創建，大規模開展園藝產品生產和畜牧水產養殖標準化創建，保障“米袋子”、“菜籃子”安全。繼續實施對種糧農民直接補貼，增加農資綜合補貼、良種補貼、農機具購置補貼，中央財政擬安排補貼資金1335億元，比上年增加60.4億元。進一步提高糧食最低收購價，早秈稻、中晚秈稻、粳稻每斤分別提高3分、5分和1毛錢，小麥每斤提高3分錢，繼續實施重要農產品臨時收儲政策，讓農民得到更多實惠。加強對產糧大縣、養豬大縣、養牛大縣的財政扶持。大力發展農產品加工業，推進農業產業化經營，支持批發市場和農貿市場升級改造，推動生產與市場對接。促進農民就業創業，多渠道增加農民收入。進一步加大扶貧開發力度。我們要堅持不懈地消除貧困落后，讓農民群眾早日過上富裕安康的生活。

We will promote the steady development of agriculture and a continuous increase in rural incomes.We will keep grain production stable;expand the total area sown with oilseed;increase supplies of important agricultural products in short supply;implement a large-scale effort to increase the production of grain, cotton, oilseed, and sugar;standardize farming practices in horticulture, animal husbandry, and aquaculture;and ensure the security of the “rice bag”(grain supply)and “vegetable basket”(non-staple food supply).We will continue to provide direct subsidies for grain producers, and increase general subsidies for purchasing agricultural supplies and subsidies for purchasing superior crop varieties and agricultural machinery and tools.The central government will allocate 133.5 billion yuan for this purpose, a year-on-year increase of 6.04 billion yuan.We will further raise minimum grain purchase prices.The minimum prices of early indica rice, middle-season and late indica rice and japonica rice will be raised by 0.06 yuan, 0.1 yuan and 0.2 yuan per kilogram respectively, and the minimum price of wheat will be raised by 0.06 yuan per kilogram.We will continue to implement the policy of purchasing and temporarily stockpiling major agricultural products and give farmers more tangible benefits.We will increase fiscal support for major grain-producing, pork-producing, and cattle farming counties.We will vigorously develop the processing industry for agricultural products, promote industrialization in agriculture, support the upgrading and renovation of wholesale markets and markets for farm produce, and promote closer linkage between production and the market.We will help rural residents find jobs or start their own businesses, and increase rural incomes through a variety of channels.We will intensify poverty alleviation and development and work tirelessly to eradicate poverty and backwardness so that rural residents can soon live a prosperous and happy life.加強農業基礎設施建設。堅持財政支出優先支持農業農村發展，預算內固定資產投資優先投向農業基礎設施和農村民生工程，土地出讓收益優先用于農業土地開發和農村基礎設施建設。中央財政擬安排“三農”投入8183億元，比上年增加930億元，地方各級財政也要增加投入。以主產區為重點，全面實施全國新增千億斤糧食生產能力建設規劃。以農田水利為重點，加強農業基礎設施建設，加快大中型灌區的配套改造，擴大節水灌溉面積，建設高標準農田，完成大中型和重點小型病險水庫除險加固任務。以良種培育為重點，加快農業科技創新和推廣，實施好轉基因生物新品種培育科技重大專項。積極推進現代農業示范區建設。加快建設鄉鎮和區域性農技推廣、動植物疫病防控、農產品質量監管等公共服務機構。We will strengthen agricultural infrastructure.We will continue to give high priority in government spending to supporting agricultural and rural development.In the budget, our priority for fixed asset investment will be agricultural infrastructure and projects that improve the wellbeing of rural residents, and our priority for use of proceeds from the transfer of land-use rights will be developing agricultural land and building rural infrastructure.The central government plans to allocate 818.3 billion yuan for agriculture, farmers, and rural areas, an increase of 93 billion yuan over last year, and local governments at all levels will also increase their investment.We will comprehensively implement the plan to increase grain production by 50 billion kilograms nationwide, with the emphasis on major grain-producing regions.Focusing on water conservancy, we will improve agricultural infrastructure, accelerate related upgrades of large and mediumsized irrigated areas, expand the area in which water-conserving irrigation methods are used, create high-grade cropland, and finish reinforcing dilapidated large, medium-sized, and key small reservoirs.With the focus on breeding improved crop varieties, we will accelerate innovation in agricultural technology and the widespread adoption of scientific and technological advances, and carry out a major science and technology project to create new crop varieties using gene transfer technology.We will move forward with the construction of modem agriculture demonstration sites.We will accelerate the development of public services for extending agricultural technology, preventing and controlling animal and plant diseases, and providing quality oversight of agricultural products in townships, towns and regions.深化農村改革。毫不動搖地堅持農村基本經營制度，加快完善有關法律法規和政策，現有土地承包關系要保持穩定并長久不變。加強土地承包經營權流轉的管理和服務，在依法自愿有償流轉基礎上發展多種形式規模經營。繼續推進農村綜合改革。完善集體林權制度改革配套政策。啟動國有林場改革。繼續推進草原基本經營制度改革。發展農民專業合作社，提高農業組織化程度。加快培育小型農村金融機構，積極推廣農村小額信用貸款，切實改善農村金融服務。深入推進鄉鎮機構改革。

We will deepen rural reform.We will uphold the basic rural operation system;quickly improve relevant laws, regulations and policies;and maintain existing land contract relationships over the long term.We will strengthen supervision of and services for the transfer of contracted land use rights, and develop diverse large-scale farming operations on the basis of legal, voluntary, and compensated transfers of land-use rights.We will continue to carry out comprehensive rural reform, improve supporting policies for the reform of tenure in collective forests, and launch the reform of state tree farms.We will continue to reform the basic system for the use of grasslands, develop specialized farmer cooperatives, improve the organization of agriculture, more quickly develop small rural financial institutions, actively promote micro-credit loans in rural areas, and improve rural financial services.We will also deepen reforms in township and town government departments.統籌推進城鎮化和新農村建設。堅持走中國特色城鎮化道路，促進大中小城市和小城鎮協調發展，著力提高城鎮綜合承載能力，發揮城市對農村的輻射帶動作用，促進城鎮化和新農村建設良性互動。壯大縣域經濟，大力加強縣城和中心鎮基礎設施和環境建設，引導非農產業和農村人口有序向小城鎮集聚，鼓勵返鄉農民工就地創業。城鄉建設都要堅持最嚴格的耕地保護制度和最嚴格的節約用地制度，切實保護農民合法權益。推進戶籍制度改革，放寬中小城市和小城鎮落戶條件。有計劃有步驟地解決好農民工在城鎮的就業和生活問題，逐步實現農民工在勞動報酬、子女就學、公共衛生、住房租購以及社會保障方面與城鎮居民享有同等待遇。進一步增加農村生產生活設施建設投入，啟動新一輪農村電網改造，擴大農村沼氣建設規模，今年再解決6000萬農村人口的安全飲水問題，實施農村清潔工程，改善農村生產生活條件。我們要讓符合條件的農業轉移人口逐步變為城鎮居民，也要讓農民有一個幸福生活的美好家園。We will balance promoting urbanization and building a new countryside.We will keep to the path of urbanization with Chinese characteristics.We will promote balanced development between towns and large, small and medium-sized cities;increase the overall carrying capacity of cities and towns;ensure that cities stimulate the development of surrounding rural areas;and promote positive interaction between urbanization and the building of a new countryside.We will strengthen county economies, improve infrastructure and environmental protection in county towns and hub towns, guide an orderly fiow of nonagricultural industries and rural people to small towns, and encourage returned rural migrant workers to start businesses in their hometowns.When developing urban and rural areas, we must adhere to the strictest possible systems for protecting arable land and economizing land use to genuinely safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of farmers.We will carry out reform of the household registration system and relax requirements for household registration in towns and small and medium-sized cities.We will solve employment and living problems rural migrant workers face in cities and towns in a planned and step-by-step manner, and gradually ensure that they receive the same treatment as urban residents in areas such as pay, children's education, healthcare, housing, and social security.We will further increase spending on the development of rural work and living facilities, begin a new round of upgrades of rural power grids, expand the construction of rural methane facilities, provide safe drinking water to another 60 million rural people, carry out the project to build a clean countryside, and improve working and living conditions there.We will allow eligible workers who have left agricultural work to gradually become urban residents, and develop a beautiful rural environment where farmers can live a happy life.（四）全面實施科教興國戰略和人才強國戰略

4.Fully implementing the strategies of reinvigorating China through science and education and strengthening the nation through human resource development 教育、科技和人才，是國家強盛、民族振興的基石，也是綜合國力的核心。Education, science, and human resources are the cornerstones of national prosperity and rejuvenation, and are also at the core of overall national strength.優先發展教育事業。強國必先強教。只有一流的教育，才能培養一流人才，建設一流國家。要抓緊啟動實施國家中長期教育改革和發展規劃綱要。著重抓好五個方面： We will give high priority to the development of education For a country to become strong, it must first strengthen education.First-class educatian is a prerequisite for cultivating high-caliber personnel and buildirtg a great country.We will promptly begin to implement the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Program for Education Reform and Development.We will focus on the following five areas.一是推進教育改革。要解放思想，大膽突破，勇于創新，鼓勵試驗，對辦學體制、教學內容、教育方法、評價制度等進行系統改革。堅持育人為本，大力推進素質教育。探索適應不同類型教育和人才成長的學校管理體制和辦學模式，提高辦學和人才培養水平。鼓勵社會力量興辦教育，滿足群眾多樣化的教育需求。First, we will advance education reform.We need to emancipate our minds, boldly make breakthroughs and innovations, encourage experimentation, and carry out a systematic reform of the system for operating schools, curricula, teaching methods, and evaluation systems.We will continue to give top priority to cultivating the integrity of students and vigorously promote well-rounded education.We will explore systems of school management and ways of providing education that are suitable for different types of education and the development of people with different skills, so that we run schools better and turn out better graduates.We will encourage nongovernmental sectors to run schools in order to meet people's diverse demands for education.二是促進義務教育均衡發展。在合理布局的基礎上，加快推進中西部地區初中校舍改造和全國中小學校舍安全工程，盡快使所有學校的校舍、設備和師資達到規定標準。為農村中小學班級配備多媒體遠程教學設備，讓廣大農村和偏遠地區的孩子共享優質教育資源。加強學前教育和特殊教育學校建設。加大對少數民族和民族地區教育的支持。

Second, we will promote the balanced development of compulsory education.On the basis of a rational allocation of resources, we will accelerate the renovation of itmior secondary school buildings in the central and western regions.We will also accelerate implementation of the nationwide program for safe primary and secondary school buildings, and engtire that buildings, equipment and teaching staff in all schools reach established standards as soon as possible.We will provide multimedia distance learning facilities for rural primary and secondary schools so that children living in the vast rural and remote areas have access to quality education resources.We will improve preschool education and develop special education schools.We will increase educational support for ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas.三是繼續加強職業教育。以就業為目標，整合教育資源，改進教學方式，著力培養學生的就業創業能力。

Third, we will continue to strengthen vocational education.With the goal of helping students find jobs, we will integrate education resources, improve teaching methods;and focus on nurturing students' employability and entrepreneurial abilities.四是推進高等學校管理體制和招生制度改革。進一步落實高等學校辦學自主權，鼓勵高等學校適應就業和經濟社會發展需要，調整專業和課程設置，推動高等學校人才培養、科技創新和學術發展緊密結合，激勵教師專注于教育，努力建設有特色、高水平大學。創建若干一流大學，培養杰出人才。中央財政要加大對中西部高等教育發展的支持。

Fourth, we will reform the management and adMissions systems of institutions of higher learning.We will give them more decision-making power, encourage them to adjust their majors and curricula to Meet employment needs and the needs of economic and social development;more intimately integrate personnel training;scientific and technological innovatioit, and academic development;inspire their teachers to concentrate on education;and become high-level universities with their own distinctive features.We will develop a number of first-class universities that produce outstanding personnel.The central government will increase support for the development of higher education in the central and western regions.五是加強教師隊伍建設。從多方面采取措施，吸引優秀人才投身教育事業，鼓勵他們終身從教。重點加強農村義務教育學校教師和校長培訓，鼓勵優秀教師到農村貧困地區從教。加強師德教育，增強教師的責任感和使命感。教育寄托著億萬家庭對美好生活的期盼，關系著民族素質和國家未來。不普及和提高教育，國家不可能強盛。這個道理我們要永遠銘記。

Fifth, we will improve the ranks of our teachers.We will take a variety of measures to attract outstanding personnel to pursue careers in education and devote their lives to it.We will focus on strengthening training for teachers and principals of rural compulsory education schools, and encourage excellent teachers to teach in impoverished rural areas.We will intensify education to improve the professional ethics of our teachers, and enhance their sense of responsibility and mission.Hundreds of millions of families place their hopes for a better life on education, and education has a direct bearing on the quality of the nation and the future of the country.A country cannot become strong and prosperous if it does not make education universal and improve its quality.We must always keep this in mind.大力發展科學技術。要認真貫徹自主創新的方針，全面推進創新型國家建設，加快實施科技重大專項。著力突破帶動技術革命、促進產業振興的關鍵科技問題，突破提高健康水平、保障改善民生的重大公益性科技問題，突破增強國際競爭力、維護國家安全的戰略高技術問題。前瞻部署生物、納米、量子調控、信息網絡、氣候變化、空天海洋等領域基礎研究和前沿技術研究。深化科技體制改革，著力解決科技與經濟脫節的問題，推動以企業為主體、市場為導向、產學研相結合的技術創新體系建設，促進科技資源優化配置、開放共享和高效利用。要大力實施知識產權戰略，加強知識產權創造、應用和保護。進一步激發廣大科技工作者和全社會的創新活力。

We will vigorously develop science and technology.We need to earnestly implement the policy of independent innovation, comprehensively build an innovative country, and accelerate the implementation of our major science and technology programs.We need to concentrate on making breakthroughs in key scientific and technological problems that can drive the technological revolution forward and promote industrial invigoration, in major scientific and technological problems related to public welfare that can improve people's health and the quality of their lives, and in problems in strategic, high-tech fields that can enhance our country's international competitiveness and safeguard our national security.We will make farsighted arrangements for basic research and research in cutting-edge technologies in the fields of biology, nano science, quantum control, information networks, climate change, aerospace and oceanography.We will deepen the reform of the system for managing science and technology;strive to bridge the gap between science and technology and the economy;promote the development of a system of technological innovation in which enterprises play the leading role, the market provides orientation, and the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes are integrated;and promote optimal allocation, open sharing, and highly efficient use of scientific and technological resources.We will vigorously implement the strategy for intellectual property rights and strengthen the creation, application and protection of them.We will further arouse the creativity of scientists, engineers and all of society.加快人才資源開發。人才是第一資源。要統籌推進各類人才隊伍建設，突出培養創新型科技人才、經濟社會發展重點領域專門人才和高技能人才，積極引進海外高層次人才。建立健全政府、社會、用人單位和個人等多元化的人才培養投入機制，充分發揮市場配置人才資源的基礎性作用，努力營造人才輩出、人盡其才的制度環境，建設人力資源強國。

We will accelerate the development of human resources.Talented personnel are the primary resources.We need to develop all types of human resources in a coordinated and all-round way, with the focus on producing innovative scientists and engineers, and experts and professionals in key areas of economic and social development, and energetically attract high caliber personnel from overseas.We will set up a mechanism for diversifying fimding for personnel training, so that the government, nongovernmental bodies, employers and employees all do their part.We will make full use of the basic role of market forces in allocating human resources, strive,Aa.etreate an institutional environment conducive to bringing forth talented people in large numbas atttL tapping their full potential, and make our country rich in human resources.（五）大力加強文化建設

5.Energetically promoting cultural progress 國家發展、民族振興，不僅需要強大的經濟力量，更需要強大的文化力量。文化是一個民族的精神和靈魂，是一個民族真正有力量的決定性因素，可以深刻影響一個國家發展的進程，改變一個民族的命運。沒有先進文化的發展，沒有全民族文明素質的提高，就不可能真正實現現代化。解放思想、改革開放的時代精神，已經成為推動社會前進的先進文化力量，使中華民族充滿生機與活力。To develop the country and rejuvenate the nation, we must not only be economically strong, but more importantly, be culturally strong.Culture is the spirit and soul of a nation, and the determining factor of whether it is truly strong or not.It can profoundly affect the progress of a country's development and change the destiny of a nation.If we do not develop an advanced culture and improve the whole nation's cultural and ethical levels, we cannot truly modernize.Emancipating our minds, and reform and opening up embody the spirit of our times, and they have become an advanced cultural force driving social progress and have filled the Chinese nation with vigor and vitality.一年來，我們大力發展公益性文化事業，加快推進文化體制改革，加強公共文化服務體系建設，促進文化產業快速成長，繁榮文化市場，有效擴大了內需。新的一年，我們要更加重視和大力加強文化建設。繼承和弘揚中華民族優秀傳統文化，吸收和借鑒世界各國文明成果，建設中華民族共有精神家園。政府要更好地履行發展公益性文化事業的責任，保障人民群眾的基本需求和權益。文化基礎設施建設和公共文化資源配置要向基層、特別是農村和中西部地區傾斜，推進美術館、圖書館、文化館、博物館免費開放，豐富人民群眾的精神文化生活。要繼續推進文化體制改革，扶持公益性文化事業，發展文化產業，鼓勵文化創新，培育骨干文化企業，生產更多健康向上的文化產品，滿足人民群眾多樣化的文化需求。促進哲學社會科學、廣播影視、新聞出版、檔案事業發展，繁榮文學藝術創作，加強文物保護。積極開展對外文化交流，增強中華文化國際影響力。大力發展公共體育事業，廣泛開展全民健身運動，提高人民的身體素質。中華民族不僅能夠創造經濟奇跡，也一定能夠創造新的文化輝煌。

Over the past year, we vigorously developed non-profit cultural programs, sped up the reform of the cultural management system, improved the system of public cultural services, stimulated the rapid growth of our culture industry, brought prosperity to the culture market, and effectively expanded domestic demand.In the new year, we need to pay greater attention to and vigorously promote cultural progress.We will draw upon and carry forward the fine traditional culture of the Chinese nation, draw on and make use of the achievements of the cultures of other countries, and build a home of spirit shared by the whole Chinese nation.Our government needs to better carry out its responsibility for developing non-profit cultural programs and ensure that the people's basic demands are met and that their rights and interests are protected.We will give high priority to the primary, level, especially rural areas and the central and western regions in developing cultural infrastructure and allocating public cultural resources;make admission to more art galleries, libraries, cultural centers and museums free of charge;and enrich the people's intellectual and cultural lives.We will continue to reform the cultural management system, support non-profit cultural programs, develop the culture industry, encourage cultural innovation, foster leading cultural enterprises, and produce more healthy and inspirational cultural works to meet the diverse cultural needs of our people.We will promote the development of philosophy, the social sciences, radio, television, film, the press, publishing, and archives;make literary and artistic creation fiourish;and strengthen the protection of our cultural heritage.We will vigorously develop cultural exchanges with foreign countries, and make Chinese culture more infiuential internationally.We will energetically develop recreational sports, launch an extensive exercise campaign for the general public, and improve the people's health.The Chinese nation can not only create economic miracles but also make brilliant new cultural achievements.（六）著力保障和改善民生，促進社會和諧進步

6.Vigorously ensuring and improving people's wellbeing, and promoting social harmony and progress 改善民生是經濟發展的根本目的。只有著力保障和改善民生，經濟發展才有持久的動力，社會進步才有牢固的基礎，國家才能長治久安。Improving people's wellbeing is the fundamental goal of economic development.We can ensure that there is sustained impetus for economic development, a solid foundation for social progress, and lasting stability for the country only by working hard to ensure and improve people's wellbeing.千方百計擴大就業。這是保障和改善民生的頭等大事。今年就業形勢依然嚴峻，工作上不能有絲毫松懈。要繼續實施積極的就業政策。中央財政擬投入433億元用于促進就業。重點做好高校畢業生、農民工、就業困難人員就業和退伍轉業軍人就業安置工作。2009年到期的“五緩四減三補貼”就業扶持政策延長一年。加強政策支持和就業指導，鼓勵高校畢業生到城鄉基層、中西部地區和中小企業就業；拓寬就業、擇業、創業渠道，鼓勵自主創業、自謀職業等多種形式的靈活就業，以創業帶動就業。建立健全公共投資帶動就業的機制。繼續加強職業技能培訓，重點提高農民工和城鄉新增勞動力的就業能力。完善就業服務體系，健全勞動力輸出輸入地區協調協作機制，引導勞動力特別是農民工有序流動。加快建立統一規范的人力資源市場。維護勞動者合法權益，構建和諧的勞動關系。我們要通過持之以恒的努力，創造更多的就業機會，讓廣大勞動者各盡所能、各得其所。We will do everything in our power to increase employment.This is the top priority in our work of ensuring and improving people's wellbeing.This year the employment situation will still be serious, and we cannot slacken our efforts in the slightest.We need to continue to implement a proactive employment policy.The central government will allocate 43.3 billion yuan to stimulate employment.Emphasis will be given to helping college graduates, rural migrant workers, people experiencing employment difficulty, and demobilized military personnel find jobs.The “five-four-three” employment support policies, originally scheduled to expire in 2009, will be extended for another year.[These policies allow qualified enterprises to postpone their payments of five types of social security contributions;reduce urban workers' contributions to four types of insurance funds, namely medical insurance, unemployment insurance, workers' compensation, and maternity insurance;and continue three types of subsidized, enterprise-based job training programs.Tr.] We will increase policy support and employment guidance to encourage college graduates to take community-level jobs in urban and rural areas, and jobs in the central and western regions and in small and medium-sized enterprises.We will expand channels for seeking employment and starting businesses.We will encourage different forms of fiexible employment, including starting businesses and finding jobs independently.We will also encourage job growth through the creation of new businesses.We will establish a sound mechanism for stimulating employment through public investment.We will continue to strengthen vocational training, with the focus on increasing the employability of rural migrant workers and new members of the workforce in urban and rural areas.We will improve the employment services system, strengthen coordination and cooperation between labor-exporting and labor-importing regions, and guide workers in an orderly fiow, especially rural migrant workers.We will accelerate the development of a unified and standardized human resources market.We will safeguard the lawful rights and interests of workers and establish harmonious labor relations.We will work tirelessly to create more job opportunities and to enable workers to tap their full potential and find suitable jobs.加快完善覆蓋城鄉居民的社會保障體系。扎實推進新型農村社會養老保險試點，試點范圍擴大到23%的縣。加快解決未參保集體企業退休人員基本養老保障等遺留問題。將全國130萬“老工傷”人員全部納入工傷保險范圍。積極推進農民工參加社會保險。加強城鄉低保工作，切實做到動態管理、應保盡保。加強殘疾人社會保障和服務體系建設，進一步落實好扶殘助殘的各項政策，為他們平等參與社會生活創造更好的環境。企業退休人員基本養老金今年再提高10%。各級政府要進一步增加社會保障投入，中央財政擬安排3185億元。要多渠道增加全國社會保障基金，加強監管，實現保值增值。我們要加快構建更加完善的社會保障安全網，使人民生活有基本保障、無后顧之憂。

We will move faster to improve the social security system for both urban and rural residents.We will move steadily forward with the pilot program for a new old-age insurance system for rural residents by expanding it to 23% of the country's counties.We will act more quickly to solve longstanding problems, including the lack of basic old-age pensions for retirees of collectively owned enterprises that do not participate in group pension programs.Workers: compensation will be extended to all of the 1.3 million workers injured previous jobs who are not receiving benefits We will work to extend coverage of social security to rural migrant workers., We will strengthen our work concerning subsistence allowances in both urban and rural areas, and ensure that it is managed in a manner that refiects changing conditions and that everyone who is entitled to such allowances receives them.We will work harder to build the social security and social services system for people with a disability, further implement policies for assisting and supporting them, and create a better environment for them to participate in social activities on an equal footing.We will increase basic old-age pensions for enterprise retirees by 10%.Governments at all levels need to spend more on social security, and the central government will appropriate 318.5 billion yuan for this purpose.We will increase the country's social security funds through multiple channels and strengthen oversight and supervision to maintain and increase their value.We will move faster to build a better social safety net to provide basic security to people and free them from worries.改革收入分配制度。合理的收入分配制度是社會公平正義的重要體現。我們不僅要通過發展經濟，把社會財富這個“蛋糕”做大，也要通過合理的收入分配制度把“蛋糕”分好。要堅持和完善按勞分配為主體、多種分配方式并存的分配制度，兼顧效率與公平，走共同富裕的道路。

We will reform the income distribution system.A rational income distribution system is an important manifestation of social fairness and justice.We will not only make the “pie” of social wealth bigger by developing the economy, but also distribute it well on the basis of a rational income distribution system.We need to uphold and improve the system in which distribution according to work is dominant and multiple forms of distribution coexist, give due consideration to efficiency and fairness, and take the path to common prosperity.一要抓緊制定調整國民收入分配格局的政策措施，逐步提高居民收入在國民收入分配中的比重，提高勞動報酬在初次分配中的比重。加大財政、稅收在收入初次分配和再分配中的調節作用。創造條件讓更多群眾擁有財產性收入。

First, we will promptly formulate policies and measures to adjust the distribution of national income, and gradually increase the proportion, of income individuals receive from the distribution of national income and the proportion of the primary distribution of income that goes to wages and salaries.We will strengthen the role of fiscal and taxation policies in adjusting the primary and secondary distribution of income.We will create conditions for more people to earn income from property.二要深化壟斷行業收入分配制度改革。完善對壟斷行業工資總額和工資水平的雙重調控政策。嚴格規范國有企業、金融機構經營管理人員特別是高管的收入，完善監管辦法。

Second, we will deepen the reform of the income distribution system of monopoly industries.We will improve the policy of dual control over total payroll and wage scales in these industries.We will set strict standards for the income of executives, especially senior ones, of state-owned enterprises and financial institutions, and improve related oversight and supervision rules.三要進一步規范收入分配秩序。堅決打擊取締非法收入，規范灰色收入，逐步形成公開透明、公正合理的收入分配秩序，堅決扭轉收入差距擴大的趨勢。Third, we will further standardize the pattern of income distribution.We will firmly crack down on and ban illegal income;regulate off-the-books income;gradually form a transparent, fair and rational pattern of income distribution;and resolutely reverse the widening income gap.促進房地產市場平穩健康發展。要堅決遏制部分城市房價過快上漲勢頭，滿足人民群眾的基本住房需求。

We will promote the steady and sound development of the real estate market.We will resolutely curb the precipitous rise of housing prices in some cities and satisfy people's basic need for housing.一是繼續大規模實施保障性安居工程。中央財政擬安排保障性住房專項補助資金632億元，比上年增加81億元。建設保障性住房300萬套，各類棚戶區改造住房280萬套。擴大農村危房改造試點范圍。各級政府要切實負起責任，嚴格執行年度建設計劃，確保土地、資金和優惠政策落實到位。

First, we will continue to carry out low-income housing projects on a large scale.The central government will allocate 63.2 billion yuan for low-income housing, an increase of 8.1 billion yuan over last year.We will build 3 million housing units for low-income families and renovate 2 8 million housing units in run-down areas.We will expand the pilot program for renovating dilapidated houses in rural areas.Governments at all levels must genuinely take responsibility to ensure that the annual construction plan is strictly carried out and that policies concerning land, funding, and preferential treatment are implemented well.二是繼續支持居民自住性住房消費。增加中低價位、中小套型普通商品房用地供應，加快普通商品房項目審批和建設進度。規范發展二手房市場，倡導住房租賃消費。盤活住房租賃市場。

Second, we will continue to support the purchase of homes to be used as their owners' residences.We will increase the land supply for building small and medium-sized condominiums to be sold at low and medium price levels, and expedite the approval procedure for and construction of such housing projects.We will standardize and develop the market for used homes, encourage home renting, and stimulate rental housing market.三是抑制投機性購房。加大差別化信貸、稅收政策執行力度。完善商品房預售制度。Third, we will lrein in speculative housing purchases.We will intensify the implimentation of differentiated credit and tax policies.We will improve the advance purchase system for commodity housing.四是大力整頓和規范房地產市場秩序。完善土地收入管理使用辦法，抑制土地價格過快上漲。加大對圈地不建、捂盤惜售、哄抬房價等違法違規行為的查處力度。Fourth, we will work to rectify and standardize the real estate market.We will improve the methods for managing and using income from land, and keep land prices from rising too fast.We will make greater efforts to deal with violations of laws and regulations such as keeping land unused, property hoarding, and price rigging.加快推進醫藥衛生事業改革發展。積極穩妥推進醫藥衛生體制改革，全面落實五項重點工作。繼續擴大基本醫療保障覆蓋面。今年要把城鎮居民基本醫保和新農合的財政補助標準提高到120元，比上年增長50%，并適當提高個人繳費標準。開展農村兒童白血病、先天性心臟病醫療保障試點，盡力為這些不幸的兒童和家庭提供更多幫助。在60％政府舉辦的基層醫療衛生機構實施基本藥物制度，其他醫療機構也要優先選用基本藥物。推進基本藥物集中采購和統一配送。基本完成城鄉基層醫療衛生機構建設規劃，大規模開展適宜人才培養和培訓。進一步完善支持村衛生室建設和鄉村醫生發展的政策措施。完善基層醫療衛生機構補償機制，落實崗位績效工資。開展社區首診試點，推動形成基層醫療衛生機構和醫院功能區分合理、協作配合、互相轉診的服務體系。切實加強甲型H1N1流感等重大傳染病防控和慢性病、職業病、地方病防治，提高突發公共衛生事件應急處置能力。開展公立醫院改革試點，堅持基本醫療的公益性方向，創新體制機制，充分調動醫務人員積極性，提高服務質量，控制醫療費用，改善醫患關系。大力支持社會資本興辦醫療衛生機構，在服務準入、醫保定點等方面一視同仁。扶持和促進中醫藥、民族醫藥事業發展。醫藥衛生事業改革發展關系人民身體健康和家庭幸福，我們要克服一切困難，把這個世界性難題解決好。

We will accelerate the reform and development of the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields.We will actively yet prudently carry forward the reform of the pharmaceutical and healthcare systems, and comprehensively accomplish five key tasks.We will continue to expand the coverage of guaranteed basic medical care.This year we will raise government subsidies on basic medical insurance for non-working urban residents and on the new type of rural cooperative medical care system to 120 yuan per person per year, up 50% over last year, and appropriately increase rates for individual contributions.We will carry out a pilot program for ensuring that rural children with leukemia or congenital heart disease receive medical treatment and provide more assistance to these less fortunate children and their families.We will install the basic drug system in 60% of community medical institutions and urge other medical institutions to give high priority to the use of basic drugs.We will promote the centralized purchase and unified distribution of basic drugs.We will basically complete the plan for building community medical institutions in urban and rural areas, undertake personnel education and training on a large scale, and further improve the policies and measures for supporting the development of village clinics and rural doctors.We will improve the mechanism for subsidizing community medical institutions and link salaries to performance.We will carry out a pilot program for making community medical institutions the first option in medical treatment and work to create a service system in which hospitals and community medical institutions(each with its own well-defined functions)coordinate and collaborate with each other and refer cases to each other.We will strengthen prevention and control of infiuenza A(H1N1)and other major communicable diseases as well as chronic, occupational, and endemic diseases, and enhance our ability to handle public health emergencies.We will carry out a pilot reform of public hospitals;maintain the non profit nature of bask medical services;make institutional and procedural innovations;boost the morale of medical workers;raise the quality of service;control medical costs;and improve relations between medical service providers and consumers.We will energetically support the use of non-government capital to run medical and healthcare institutions, and such institutions will be treated the same as public hospitals in obtaining operating licenses and providing medical services covered by the public medical insurance system.We will support and promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine and folk medicines of ethnic minorities.The reform and development of the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields affects the health of the people and the happiness of their families;therefore, we must overcome all difficulties and solve this universal problem.做好人口和計劃生育工作。繼續穩定低生育水平。做好流動人口計劃生育服務工作。落實好農村婦女婦科疾病定期檢查和住院分娩補助政策。加強出生缺陷干預，開展免費孕前優生健康檢查試點，做好孕產婦和嬰幼兒保健工作。繼續實施農村部分計劃生育家庭獎勵扶助制度和西部地區少生快富工程。切實保護好婦女和未成年人權益。加強應對人口老齡化戰略研究，加快建立健全養老社會服務體系，讓老年人安享晚年生活。

We will do a good job in population and family planning work We will continue to maintain a low birthrate.We will provide good family planning services for the fioating population.We will provide regular gynecological examinations and subsidize hospital childbirths for rural women.We will strengthen intervention in birth defects;carry out a pilot program of free pre-pregnancy checkups;and provide quality health services for infants, pre-school children, and prenatal and nursing women.We will continue to reward and support eligible rural families that comply with family planning regulations, and carry out the “lower birthrate equals faster prosperity” project in the western region.We will take effective measures to protect the rights and interests of women and minors.We will intensify strategic research on coping with an aging population and move more quickly to create a sound system of old-age services so that people can live a happy life in their old age.（七）堅定不移推進改革，進一步擴大開放

7.Firmly advancing reform and further expanding opening up 今年要繼續深化重點領域和關鍵環節改革，努力實現新的突破。

This year we will continue to deepen reform in key areas and crucial links and work hard to achieve new breakthroughs.我們要繼續推進國有經濟布局和結構戰略性調整。加快大型國有企業特別是中央企業母公司的公司制改革，實現產權多元化，完善法人治理結構。加快推進壟斷性行業改革，推進公用事業改革，切實放寬市場準入，積極引入競爭機制。著力營造多種所有制經濟公平競爭的市場環境，更好地促進非公有制經濟發展。We will continue to make strategic adjustments in the distribution and structure of the state-owned sector.We will speed up the reform to introduce the corporate system in large state-owned enterprises, especially parent companies of enterprises under the central government, and we will diversify their ownership and improve their corporate governance.We will accelerate the reform of monopoly industries;promote reforms in public utilities;effectively expand market access;and actively introduce competitive mechanisms.We will create a market environment for fair competition among economic entities under diverse forms of ownership and facilitate stronger growth of the non-public sector.深化資源性產品價格和環保收費改革，作為節約能源資源、保護環境、實現可持續發展的重要舉措。要擴大用電大戶與發電企業直接交易試點，推行居民用電用水階梯價格制度，健全可再生能源發電定價和費用分攤機制。完善農業用水價格政策。改革污水處理、垃圾處理收費制度。擴大排污權交易試點。在推進這些改革中要注意協調好各方面利益關系，決不能讓低收入群眾的基本生活受到影響。We will deepen the reform of prices for resource products and environmental protection charges.This is an important measure for conserving energy and resources, protecting the environment, and achieving sustainable development.We will expand the trial of direct transactions between major electricity consumers and producers;introduce tiered prices for household consumption of electricity and water;and improve the mechanism of price setting and cost sharing for electricity generated from renewable energy.We will improve the pricing policy for water used in apiculture.We will reform the system of sewage and garbage treatment charges.We will expand the trial of pollution rights trading.While pushing forward these reforms, we will balance the interests of different parties and ensure that the basic living conditions of people with low incomes are not adversely affected.要繼續推進財稅體制改革。健全公共財政體系。完善財政轉移支付制度，加大一般性轉移支付，增強地方政府提供基本公共服務的能力。健全省以下財政管理體制，完善縣級基本財力保障機制，推進省直管縣財政管理方式改革。全面編制中央和地方政府性基金預算，試編社會保險基金預算，完善國有資本經營預算制度。繼續做好增值稅轉型工作。推進資源稅改革。統一內外資企業和個人城建稅、教育費附加制度。

We will continue to reform the fiscal and taxation systems.We will strengthen the public finance system.We will improve the system of transfer payments, increase general transfer payments, and enhance the ability of local governments to provide basic public services.We will strengthen the fiscal management system at and below the provincial level, set up a mechanism to ensure basic funding for county governments, and carry forward reforms that place county finances directly under the management of provincial governments.We will draw up budgets for all funds controlled by central and local governments, prepare budgets for social security funds on a trial basis, and improve the budget system for the use of state capital.We will continue to make progress in VAT reform.We will carry forward the reform of resource taxes.We will extend the urban construction and maintenance tax and education surcharges to foreign enterprises and nationals.健全金融體系是應對國際金融危機沖擊的重要舉措。要繼續完善國有控股金融機構公司治理，改善經營管理機制，提高風險管控能力。繼續推動政策性金融機構改革。穩步推進資產管理公司轉型。深化農村信用社改革。推動中小金融機構規范發展。大力發展金融市場，鼓勵金融創新。推進跨境貿易人民幣結算試點，逐步發展境外人民幣金融業務。推進存款保險制度建設。加快發展農業保險。Improving the financial system is an important measure for countering the impact of the global financial crisis.We will continue to improve corporate governance in financial institutions in which the state holds a controlling stake, improve their business management, and raise their ability to manage and control risks.We will continue the reform of policy-based financial institutions.We will steadily promote the transformation of asset management companies.We will deepen the reform of rural credit cooperatives.We will promote orderly development of small and medium-sized financial institutions.We will vigorously develop the financial market and encourage financial innovation.We will promote pilot projects for the use of the renminbi in cross-border trade, and gradually develop overseas financial activities using the renminbi.We will continue building the deposit insurance system.We will speed up the development of agricultural insurance.要按照政事分開、事企分開和管辦分離的要求，在科學分類的基礎上，積極穩妥推進事業單位改革。

We will actively yet prudently push forward the reform of institutions on the basis of scientific classifications and in accordance with the requirements that government and business functions be spun off from institutions, and that supervision be separated from day-to-day operations.我們的改革是全面的改革，包括經濟體制改革、政治體制改革以及其他各領域的改革。沒有政治體制改革，經濟體制改革和現代化建設就不可能成功。要發展社會主義民主，切實保障人民當家作主的民主權利，特別是選舉權、知情權、參與權、表達權和監督權。進一步擴大基層民主，健全基層自治組織和民主管理制度，讓廣大群眾更好地參與管理基層公共事務。要堅持依法治國、依法行政。進一步健全法制，特別要重視那些規范和監督權力運行的法律制度建設。創新政府立法工作的方法和機制，擴大立法工作的公眾參與。

The reforms we are undertaking, including economic and political restructuring and reforms in other areas, are comprehensive.Without political restructuring, it would not be possible for economic restructuring and the modernization drive to succeed.We will develop socialist democracy, and effectively safeguard the democratic rights of the people as masters of the country, particularly their rights to vote and to stay informed about, participate and in, express views on, and oversee government affairs.We will further expand primary-level democracy, strengthen primary-level self-governing bodies, and improve the system of democratic administration at the primary level so that the people can better participate in the management of local public affairs.We will uphold the rule of law and continue to run the government in accordance with the law.We will further improve the legal system, particularly laws concerning the standardization and oversight of the exercise of power.We will innovatively revise the methods and mechanisms of the government's legislative Work and expand public participation in it.我們要全面適應國際形勢變化和國內發展要求，拓展對外開放的廣度和深度。We will fully adapt to changes in the international situation, meet the needs of domestic development, and expandfithe breadth and depth of opening up.穩定發展對外貿易。今年的主要著力點是拓市場、調結構、促平衡。堅持實施市場多元化戰略和以質取勝戰略，落實和完善出口退稅、出口信貸、出口信用保險等各項政策措施，繼續改善海關、質檢、外匯等方面的服務。鞏固傳統市場，大力開拓新興市場。優化出口產品結構，穩定勞動密集型產品出口，擴大機電產品和高新技術產品出口，大力發展服務貿易和服務外包，努力培育出口品牌和營銷網絡，繼續嚴格控制“兩高一資”產品出口。積極推進加工貿易轉型升級。促進進出口平衡發展，重點擴大先進技術裝備、關鍵零部件和國內緊缺物資進口，穩定各項進口促進政策和便利化措施，敦促發達國家放寬高新技術產品出口限制。We will steadily develop foreign trade.This year the main focus is on opening new markets and adjusting the foreign trade.We will adhere to the strategy of diversifying markets and the strategy of competing on quality;implement and improve policies and measures on export tax rebates, export credit, and export credit insurance;and continue to improve services related to customs, quality inspection, and foreign exchange.We will strengthen traditional markets and vigorously develop new markets.We will improve the export mix;stabilize exports of labor-intensive products;increase exports of electromechanical products as well as new-and high-technology products;energetically develop trade in services and service outsourcing;strive to cultivate exports of brand-name products and develop marketing networks and continue to strictly limit exports of resource products and products whose production consumes large quantities of energy and resources or is highly polluting.We will vigorously promote the transformation and upgrading of the processing trade.We will promote the balanced development of imports and exports;focus on increasing imports of advanced technology and equipment, key spare parts, and goods in short supply domestically;keep all policies and measures for promoting and facilitating imports stable;and urge developed countries to ease export restrictions on new-and high-technology products to China.推動利用外資和對外投資協調發展。優化利用外資結構，鼓勵外資投向高端制造業、高新技術產業、現代服務業、新能源和節能環保產業，鼓勵跨國公司在華設立地區總部等各類功能性機構，鼓勵中外企業加強研發合作。鼓勵外資參與國內企業改組改造和兼并重組，加快建立外資并購安全審查制度。促進“引資”與“引智”相結合。引導外資向中西部地區轉移和增加投資。加快實施“走出去”戰略，鼓勵符合國外市場需求的行業有序向境外轉移產能，支持有條件的企業開展海外并購，深化境外資源互利合作，提高對外承包工程和勞務合作的質量。進一步簡化各類審批手續，落實企業境外投資自主權。“走出去”的企業要依法經營，規避風險，防止惡性競爭，維護國家整體利益和良好形象。

We will promote coordination between using other countries' investment in China and making Chinese investment overseas.We will optimize the utilization of foreign investment;encourage more foreign investment in high-end manufacturing, new-and high-technology industries, modern service industries, and the new energy, energy-conservation and environmental protection industries;encourage multinational corporations to set up regional headquarters and other functional agencies in China;and encourage Chinese and foreign enterprises to strengthen cooperation in MD.We will encourage the use of foreign investment for restructuring, upgrading, merging, and reorganizing Chinese companies, and quickly establish a security review system for mergers and acquisitions involving foreign investment.We will work to attract both investment and talent from overseas.We will guide foreign investors to transfer and increase their investments to the central and western regions.We will accelerate the implementation of the “go global” strategy;encourage Chinese industries whose products are in demand in foreign markets to transfer their production capacity overseas in an orderly manner;support qualified enterprises to carry out overseas mergers and acquisitions;deepen mutually beneficial cooperation concerning foreign resources;and improve the quality of overseas contracted projects and labor service cooperation.We will further simplify examination and approval procedures, and give enterprises decision-making power over their overseas investments.Enterprises that have “gone global” should operate in accordance with the law, avoid risks, prevent vicious competition, and safeguard the country's overall interests and good image.深化多邊雙邊經貿合作。加強和改善與發達國家的經貿關系，深化與發展中國家的互利合作，認真落實中非務實合作八項新舉措。發揮經濟高層對話和雙邊經貿聯委會作用。加快自由貿易區建設步伐。積極參與多哈回合談判，推動早日達成更加合理、平衡的談判結果。反對各種形式的保護主義，妥善處理貿易摩擦。We will deepen multilateral and bilateral business cooperation.We will strengthen and improve business ties with developed countries, deepen mutually beneficial cooperation with other developing countries, and conscientiously implement the eight new policy measures for China's pragmatic cooperation with African countries.We will make full use of the role of high-level economic dialogue and bilateral economic and trade joint commissions.We will quicken the pace of establishing free trade zones.We will actively 'participate in the Doha round of trade talks to reach a more reasonable and balanced outcome as early as possible.We will oppose protectionism in all forms and properly handle trade frictions.上海世博會即將拉開帷幕。要加強與各參展國家、地區和國際組織的合作，把上海世博會辦成一屆成功、精彩、難忘的盛會，辦成一屆促進人類文明進步，促進科技創新，促進我國與世界各國交流合作、共同發展的盛會。

The Shanghai World Expo will open soon.We will strengthen cooperation with all participating countries, regions, and international organizations to make the Expo a successful, spectacular, and unforgettable event, and one that promotes the progress of human civilization, scientific and technological innovation, and exchanges and cooperation between, and common development of China and other countries of the world.（八）努力建設人民滿意的服務型政府

8.Working hard to build a service-oriented government that the people are satisfied with 一年來，政府自身改革和建設取得新進展。為應對各種困難，我們特別注意發揚民主、傾聽基層群眾意見，重視維護群眾利益。廣大公務員兢兢業業、勤勉盡責，為保增長、保民生、保穩定作出了積極貢獻。但是政府工作與人民的期望還有較大差距。職能轉變不到位，對微觀經濟干預過多，社會管理和公共服務比較薄弱；一些工作人員依法行政意識不強；一些領導干部脫離群眾、脫離實際，形式主義、官僚主義嚴重；一些領域腐敗現象易發多發。我們要以轉變職能為核心，深化行政管理體制改革，大力推進服務型政府建設，努力為各類市場主體創造公平的發展環境，為人民群眾提供良好的公共服務，維護社會公平正義。

Over the past year, new progress was made in government self-reform and self-development.To deal with difficulties of all kinds, we paid particular attention to promoting democracy, listening to the opinions of the masses, and protecting their interests.Our civil servants are devoted, diligent and responsible, and they made positive contributions to sustaining economic growth and ensuring people's well-being and maintaining stability.Nevertheless, the government's work still fell considerably short of public expectations.The transformation of government functions is incomplete;there is too much government interference in the micro-economy, and public administration and services are relatively weak.Some government employees give too little consideration to carrying out their official duties in accordance with the law;some leading cadres are divorced from reality and the masses, and are excessively formalistic and bureaucratic;and some areas are prone to corruption.With the focus on transforming government functions, we will deepen reform of the administrative system, work hard to make the government devoted to SerViell, strive to create a fair development environment for all types of market entities, deliver quality public services to the masses, and uphold social fairness and justice.我們要全面正確履行政府職能，更加重視公共服務和社會管理。加快健全覆蓋全民的公共服務體系，全面增強基本公共服務能力。健全重大自然災害、突發公共安全事件應急處理機制。加強防災減災能力建設。加強食品藥品質量監管，做好安全生產工作，遏制重特大事故發生。

We will fully and properly perform government functions and attach greater importance to public services and administration.We will quickly improve the public service system with full coverage for all, and comprehensively improve our ability to provide basic public services.We will improve the mechanisms for responding to major natural disasters and emergencies that threaten public safety.We will improve our ability to prevent and mitigate natural disasters.We will strengthen the oversight and supervision of food and drug quality.We will ensure workplace safety and reduce the occurrence of major accidents.要適應新形勢，推進社會管理體制改革和創新，合理調節社會利益關系。認真解決企業改制、征地拆遷、環境保護、勞動爭議、涉法涉訴等領域損害群眾利益的突出問題，保障人民群眾的合法權益。加強和改進信訪工作。改善流動人口管理和服務。加強社會治安綜合治理，著力解決突出治安問題，防范和依法嚴厲打擊各類違法犯罪活動，維護國家安全和社會穩定。

We need to adapt to new circumstances, promote reform and innovation in the public administration system, and properly adjust the relationships between different interests.We will earnestly deal with serious infringements on the interests of the people related to conversion of enterprises to a stockholding system, land expropriation, housing demolition and resident relocation, environmental protection, labor disputes, and legal and litigation issues in order to safeguard the people's lawful rights and interests.We will improve the handling of public complaints lodged via letters or visits.We will improve supervision of and services for the fioating population.We will strengthen all facets of public security, focus on resolving serious public security issues, and guard against and severely crack down on crimes of all sorts in accordance with the law in order to safeguard national security and social stability.要努力提高執行力和公信力。堅持決策的科學化、民主化，使各項政策更加符合實際、經得起檢驗。加強對政策執行情況的檢查監督，做到令行禁止。強化行政問責，對失職瀆職、不作為和亂作為的，要嚴肅追究責任。各地區、各部門對中央的決策部署要執行有力，絕不允許各自為政。各級行政機關及其公務員要自覺遵守憲法和法律，嚴格依法行政。切實改進行政執法工作，努力做到規范執法、公正執法、文明執法。加快建立健全決策、執行、監督相互制約又相互協調的行政運行機制。

We will work hard to improve our executive ability and earn greater public trust.We will continue to make decision making more scientific and democratic, and ensure that all of our policies are more suitable to conditions and can stand the test of time.We will strengthen inspection and oversight of policy implementation and ensure that all orders are carried out and all prohibitions are observed.We will strengthen administrative accountability.All persons who are derelict in their duty, fail to do their jobs or do them irresponsibly will be held fully accountable.All localities and departments must implement the decisions and arrangements of the central leadership effectively, and they may never go their own way.Government agencies at all levels and their civil servants must conscientiously abide by the Constitution and laws and carry out their administrative duties in strict accordance with the law.We will effectively improve law enforcement in government administration and work to ensure that laws are enforced in a standard, fair and civil manner.We will accelerate the establishment of a sound operating mechanism for government administration, one that allows decision making, enforcement, and oversight departments to restrain and coordinate with each other.要把反腐倡廉建設擺在重要位置，這直接關系政權的鞏固。各級領導干部特別是高級干部要堅決執行中央關于報告個人經濟和財產，包括收入、住房、投資，以及配偶子女從業等重大事項的規定，并自覺接受紀檢部門的監督。要把查處違法違紀大案要案，作為反腐敗的重要任務。充分發揮監察、審計部門的作用，加強對行政權力運行的監督。要建立健全懲治和預防腐敗體系的各項制度，特別要健全公共資源配置、公共資產交易、公共產品生產等領域的管理制度，增強制度約束力。要堅持勤儉行政，反對鋪張浪費，不斷降低行政成本。嚴格控制樓堂館所建設，禁止高檔裝修辦公樓，加快公務接待、公車使用等制度改革，從嚴控制公費出國出境。切實精簡會議和文件，特別要減少那些形式重于內容的會議、慶典和論壇。要深入推進政務公開，完善各類公開辦事制度和行政復議制度，創造條件讓人民批評政府、監督政府，同時充分發揮新聞輿論的監督作用，讓權力在陽光下運行。

We will give high priority to fighting corruption and encouraging integrity.This has a direct bearing on the firmness of our grip on political power.Leading cadres at all levels, especially high-ranking ones, must resolutely implement the central leadership's regulations on reporting the main facts concerning their personal financial situations and property, including their incomes, housing and investments, as well as the jobs of their spouses and children, and willingly accept the oversight of departments for discipline inspection.We will make investigating and prosecuting major violations of the law and discipline an important task in the fight against corruption.We will get supervision and auditing departments to fully play their role in strengthening oversight of the exercise of administrative power.We will create a sound body of regulations to prevent and punish corruption, particularly administrative regulations concerning the allocation of public resources, trade in public assets, and the production of public goods, and we will also enhance their binding force.We will run the government diligently and frugally, oppose extravagance and waste, and constantly reduce administrative costs.We will strictly control the construction of office buildings for Party and government bodies, prohibit extravagant remodeling of their office buildings, accelerate the reform of regulations concerning official receptions and the use of official cars, and firmly restrict the use of public funds for traveling abroad.We will effectively reduce the number of meetings and documents, particularly meetings, celebrations, and forums that are long on form and short on content.We will promote transparency of administrative affairs, improve regulations for transparent governance and administrative review, create conditions for the people to criticize and oversee the government, let the news media fully play their oversight role, and exercise power openly.我們所做的一切都是要讓人民生活得更加幸福、更有尊嚴，讓社會更加公正、更加和諧。

Everything we do we do to ensure that the people live a happier life with more dignity and to make our society fairer and more harmonious.各位代表！Fellow Deputies, 促進民族團結，實現共同進步，是中華民族的生命、力量和希望所在。要鞏固和發展平等、團結、互助、和諧的社會主義民族關系。認真落實中央支持少數民族和民族地區發展的政策措施，優先支持邊疆民族地區加快發展。加快完成邊境一線地區危舊房改造，實施游牧民定居工程。新型農村社會養老保險要優先在邊境縣、民族地區貧困縣試點。加大扶持人口較少民族發展力度。繼續推進興邊富民行動。重視保護少數民族文化遺產和民族地區生態環境。切實做好少數民族流動人口公共服務、就業和管理工作，保障他們的合法權益。同時，加強國家意識、公民意識教育。我們要旗幟鮮明地反對民族分裂，維護祖國統一，讓少數民族和民族地區各族群眾充分感受到祖國大家庭的溫暖。

The Chinese nation's life, strength and hope lie in promoting solidarity achieving common progress of our ethnic groups.We must consolidate and develop socialist ethnic relations based on equality, unity, mutual assistance, and harmony.We will conscientiously implement the policies and measures of the central leadership to support development of ethic minorities and ethnic minority areas, and give high priority to supporting acceleration of the development of ethnic minority border areas.We will accelerate renovation of dilapidated buildings along our borders, and build permanent housing for nomads.Pilot programs for the new system of old-age insurance for rural residents need to be launched first in border counties and poverty-stricken counties in ethnic minority areas, will increase our support for the development of ethnic groups with itnall populations.We will continue to bring prosperity to border areas and the people who live there.We will give high priority to protecting the cultural heritage of ethnic minorities and the ecosystems in ethnic minority areas.We will do a good job in our work concerning public services and employment for and supervision of fioating populations from ethnic minorities, and protect their lawful rights and interests.In addition, we will cultivate national consciousness and the sense of citizenship.We need to take a clear-cut stand against attempts to split the nation, safeguard national unity, and get ethnic minorities and the people of all ethnic groups who live in ethnic minority areas to feel the warmth of the motherland as one large family.我們要全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針，依法管理宗教事務。發揮宗教界人士和信教群眾在促進經濟發展和社會和諧中的積極作用。

We will fully implement the Party's basic policies on religious work, and manage religious affairs in accordance with the law.We will get religious figures and religious believers to fully play their role in promoting economic development and social harmony.我們要認真貫徹黨的僑務政策。維護海外僑胞、歸僑僑眷的合法權益，支持他們傳承中華文化，參與祖國現代化建設和促進和平統一大業。

第二篇：溫家寶總理2013年政府工作報告-中英文對照

溫總理2013年兩會政府工作報告（雙語文本）Source: 互聯網 2013-03-05

一、過去五年工作回顧

I.Review of Work in the Past Five Years

第十一屆全國人民代表大會第一次會議以來的五年，是我國發展進程中極不平凡的五年。

The past five years since the First Session of the Eleventh National People's Congress were a truly extraordinary period of time in the course of China's development.我們有效應對國際金融危機的嚴重沖擊，保持經濟平穩較快發展。

We effectively countered the severe impact of the global financial crisis and maintained steady and fast economic development.國內生產總值從26.6萬億元增加到51.9萬億元，躍升到世界第二位；

China's GDP increased from 26.6 trillion yuan to 51.9 trillion yuan, and now ranks second in the world.公共財政收入從5.1萬億元增加到11.7萬億元；

Government revenue went up from 5.1 trillion yuan to 11.7 trillion yuan.累計新增城鎮就業5870萬人，A total of 58.7 million urban jobs were created.城鎮居民人均可支配收入和農村居民人均純收入年均分別增長8.8%、9.9%； The per capita disposable income of urban residents rose by an annual average of 8.8%, and the per capita net income of rural residents rose by 9.9%.糧食產量實現“九連增”；

Grain output increased for the ninth consecutive year in 2012.重要領域改革取得新進展，開放型經濟達到新水平；

Progress was made in key areas of reform;and the open economy reached a new stage of development.創新型國家建設取得新成就，載人航天、探月工程、載人深潛、北斗衛星導航系統、超級計算機、高速鐵路等實現重大突破，第一艘航母“遼寧艦”入列；

We made China more innovative.Breakthroughs were made in developing manned spaceflight and the lunar exploration program, building a manned deep-sea submersible, launching the Beidou Navigation Satellite System, developing supercomputers and building high-speed railways.China's first aircraft carrier, the Liaoning, was commissioned.成功舉辦北京奧運會、殘奧會和上海世博會；

We successfully hosted the Games of the XXIX Olympiad and the XIII Paralympic Games in Beijing and the World Expo in Shanghai.奪取抗擊汶川特大地震、玉樹強烈地震、舟曲特大山洪泥石流等嚴重自然災害和災后恢復重建重大勝利。

We successfully mitigated the impact of the massive Wenchuan earthquake, the strong Yushu earthquake, the huge Zhugqu mudslide and other natural disasters and carried out post-disaster recovery and reconstruction.我國社會生產力和綜合國力顯著提高，人民生活水平和社會保障水平顯著提高，國際地位和國際影響力顯著提高。

China's productive forces and overall national strength, its living standards and social security, and its international status and influence all improved significantly.我們圓滿完成“十一五”規劃，順利實施“十二五”規劃。

We successfully completed the Eleventh Five-Year Plan and got off to a good start in implementing the Twelfth Five-Year Plan.社會主義經濟建設、政治建設、文化建設、社會建設、生態文明建設取得重大進展，譜寫了中國特色社會主義事業新篇章。

We made significant socialist economic, political, cnltural, social, and ecological progress, and wrote a new chapter in building socialism with Chinese characteristics.五年來的主要工作及特點： The following are the main work we accomplished over the past five years and its main features:

一是有效應對國際金融危機，促進經濟平穩較快發展。

I.Effectively responding to the globalfinancial crisis and promoting steady and rapid economic development

過去五年，我們是在持續應對國際金融危機嚴重沖擊中走過來的。這場危機來勢之猛、擴散之快、影響之深，百年罕見。

In the past five years, we averted the grievous consequences of the global financial crisis, whose abruptness, rapid spread and profound impact were rarely seen in the past century.我們沉著應對，及時果斷調整宏觀調控著力點，出臺進一步擴大內需、促進經濟平穩較快增長的十項措施，全面實施一攬子計劃。

We responded to the crisis calmly, made timely and decisive adjustments to the focus of macro-control, adopted ten measures to increase domestic demand and promote steady and rapid economic growth, and implemented a comprehensive package plan.兩年新增4萬億元投資，其中中央財政投資1.26萬億元，主要用于保障性安居工程、農村民生工程、基礎設施、社會事業、生態環保、自主創新等方面建設和災后恢復重建。

In a two-year period, an additional four trillion yuan of government investment was made, with 1.26 trillion yuan from the central government, mainly for building government-subsidized housing, improving rural people's well-being, building infrastructure, developing social programs, improving the environment, promoting innovation, and carrying out post-disaster recovery and reconstruction.五年來：

Over the past five years:

新建各類保障性住房1800多萬套，棚戶區改造住房1200多萬套；

More than 18 million government-subsidized housing units of various types were built, and over 12 million housing units in run-down areas were upgraded.完成大中型和重點小型水庫除險加固1.8萬座，治理重點中小河流2.45萬公里，新增節水灌溉面積770萬公頃；

A total of 18,000 large and medium-sized and key small reservoirs were reinforced, 24,500 kilometers of key small and medium-length rivers were harnessed, and water-saving irrigated farmland was increased by 7.7 million hectares.新增鐵路里程1.97萬公里，其中高速鐵路8951公里，A total of 19,700 kilometers of new rail lines were built, 8,951 kilometers of which are high-speed railways.京滬、京廣、哈大等高鐵和一批城際鐵路相繼投入運營；

The high-speed Beijing-Shanghai, Beijing-Guangzhou and Harbin-Dalian railways and a number of intercity railways were opened to traffic.新增公路60.9萬公里，其中高速公路4.2萬公里，高速公路總里程達9.56萬公里；

A total of 609,000 kilometers of new roads were built, 42,000 kilometers of which are expressways, increasing the total length of expressways in service to 95,600 kilometers.新建機場31個；新增萬噸級港口泊位602個；

Thirty-one airports and 602 shipping berths for 10,000-ton ships were built.一批跨江跨海大橋、連島工程相繼建成；

A number of bridges over rivers and bays and linking islands with other islands and the mainland were completed.西氣東輸、西電東送、南水北調等重大工程順利推進或建成；

Smooth progress was made in major projects such as those for transporting natural gas and electricity from the west to the east and diverting water from the south to the north, and some of the projects have been completed.非化石能源快速發展，水電、風電裝機位居世界第一；

Non-fossil energy production developed rapidly, and China now ranks first in the world in the installed capacity of both hydropower and wind power.重建后的汶川、玉樹、舟曲等災區發生了翻天覆地的變化。

Reconstruction of the Wenchuan, Yushu and Zhugqu disaster areas transformed them completely.這些舉世矚目的成就，對我們有效應對國際金融危機嚴重沖擊發揮了至關重要的作用，為經濟社會長遠發展打下了堅實基礎，已經并將繼續造福億萬人民。These impressive achievements played a vital role in our effective response to the severe impact of the global financial crisis, and laid a solid foundation for sustaining China's economic and social development.They have benefited and will continue to benefit hundreds of millions ofpeople.我們始終注重處理好保持經濟平穩較快發展、調整經濟結構和管理通脹預期的關系，增強宏觀政策的前瞻性、科學性、有效性，注意把握好政策的取向、力度和重點。

We always strove to maintain a balance between ensuring steady and rapid economic development, adjusting the economic structure, and managing inflation expectations.We made government macro policies more forward-looking, scientific and effective and implemented them with proper orientation, force and focus.在國際金融危機沖擊最嚴重時，果斷實施積極的財政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策，綜合運用多種財政政策工具，增加政府支出，實行結構性減稅；有效運用存款準備金率、利率等貨幣政策工具，保持貨幣信貸合理增長。

When the impact of the global financial crisis was at its worst, we resolutely implemented a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy, employed a full range of financial policy tools, increased government spending and made structural tax reductions.We effectively employed monetary policy instruments such as adjusting required reserve ratios and interest rates to maintain proper growth in the money and credit supply.根據宏觀經濟走勢的變化，我們及時調整政策力度，適時退出刺激政策，實施積極的財政政策和穩健的貨幣政策。

In response to changing macroeconomic trends, we promptly adjusted the intensity of policy implementation, reduced the force of stimulus policies at an appropriate time, and implemented a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy.在財政政策運用上，堅持統籌兼顧，注重綜合平衡。We took a holistic and balanced approach in employing fiscal policy.財政赤字占國內生產總值的比重從2009年的2.8%降到去年的1.5%左右，赤字率和債務負擔率保持在安全水平。加強地方政府性債務全面審計和地方政府融資平臺管理，有效控制經濟運行中的風險隱患。

As a result, the government deficit dropped from 2.8% of GDP in 2009 to about 1.5% last year, and both deficit-to-GDP and debt-to-GDP ratios remained at a safe level.We strengthened comprehensive auditing of local governments' debt and management of their financing platforms, thus effectively controlling latent economic risks.在貨幣政策運用上，始終注意把握穩增長、控物價和防風險之間的平衡。

In employing monetary policy, we maintained a balance between ensuring steady growth, maintaining price stability and warding off risks.金融體系運行穩健，銀行業風險抵御能力持續增強，資本充足率從2007年底的8.4%提升到去年底的13.3%，不良貸款率由6.1%下降到0.95%，一直保持在較低水平。

The financial system functioned soundly.The banking sector became better able to avert risks.Its capital adequacy rate increased from 8.4% at the end of 2007 to 13.3% by the end of last year, and its non-performing loans were kept at a low level, dropping from 6.1% to 0.95%.堅持搞好房地產市場調控不動搖，遏制了房價過快上漲勢頭。

We kept a firm grip on the real estate market and kept housing prices from rising too quickly.2012年，在世界各大經濟體增長全面減速、各種風險不斷暴露的情況下，我們合理把握政策力度，保持財政預算支出規模不變，優化支出結構，扭轉經濟下滑趨勢，全面實現年初確定的主要目標，In 2012, when other major economies in the world were experiencing a slowdown in growth and constantly encountered new risks, we maintained a proper intensity in policy implementation, kept budgetary spending unchanged, improved the spending mix, and reversed the decline in economic growth.國內生產總值增長7.8%，城鎮新增就業1266萬人，居民消費價格漲幅回落到2.6%，為今年經濟發展打下好的基礎。

As a result, we attained all the main targets set at the beginning of the year: GDP grew by 7.8%, 12.66 million urban jobs were created, and the rise in the CPI fell to 2.6%.All this laid a good foundation for China's economic development this year.這五年：

Over the past five years:

我國宏觀經濟總體上保持增速平穩較快、China's economy as a whole maintained steady and rapid growth.物價相對穩定、Prices remained fairly stable.就業持續增加、Employment steadily increased.國際收支趨于平衡的良好態勢，The balance ofpayments moved toward equilibrium.國內生產總值年均增長9.3%，顯著高于同期全球和新興經濟體的增速，GDP grew at an average annual rate of 9.3%, considerably higher than the average global rate and the average rate of other emerging economies for the same period.通貨膨脹率遠低于其他新興經濟體。

China's inflation rate was also much lower than that of other emerging economies.我國經濟穩定，充滿活力。

The Chinese economy is stable and full of vitality.回首這五年，面對國際經濟形勢復雜多變、持續低迷的嚴峻挑戰，中央科學判斷、果斷決策，有效避免了我國現代化進程因巨大的外部沖擊而出現大的波折，實踐證明這些決策部署是完全正確的。

In the last five years, faced with severe challenges posed by a complex and volatile international economic environment and a sluggish global economy, the central leadership, on the basis of a scientific judgment of the situation, made resolute decisions that steered China's modernization drive clear of major pitfalls created by huge external shocks.Experience fully proves these decisions and implementing steps were entirely correct.二是加快經濟結構調整，提高經濟發展的質量和效益。

2.Accelerating adjustment ofthe economic structure and improving the quality and performance ofeconomic development

堅持實施擴大內需戰略，內需對經濟增長的貢獻率明顯提高，經常項目順差占國內生產總值的比重從10.1%下降到2.6%。

We adhered to the strategy of expanding domestic demand.As a result, the contribution of domestic demand to economic growth increased significantly, and the share of current account surplus in the GDP dropped from 10.1% to 2.6%.居民消費結構加快升級。

The upgrading in the mix of private consumption accelerated.2012年底，城鎮和農村人均住房面積32.9平方米、37.1平方米，分別比2007年增加2.8平方米和5.5平方米；

At the end of 2012, the per capita living area of urban and rural residents was 32.9 square meters and 37,1 square meters respectively, an increase of 2.8 and 5.5 over 2007.城鎮居民每百戶擁有家用汽車21.5輛，比2007年增加15.5輛；

Car ownership stood at 21.5 cars per 100 urban households, an increase of 15.5 over 2007.旅游、文化消費大幅增加。

Travel-and entertainment-related spending has risen substantially.堅持走中國特色新型工業化道路，大力推進產業轉型升級。

We adhered to the new path of industrialization with distinctive Chinese features and promoted transformation and upgrading of industrial sectors.我國制造業規模躍居全球首位，高技術制造業增加值年均增長13.4%，成為國民經濟重要先導性、支柱性產業； China's manufacturing industry became the largest in the world.With added-value growing at an average annual rate of 13.4% during the past five years, high-tech manufacturing has become a leading pillar of the economy.清潔能源、節能環保、新一代信息技術、生物醫藥、高端裝備制造等一批戰略性新興產業快速發展。

Strategic emerging industries grew rapidly, including clean energy, energy conservation, environmental protection, next-generation information and communication technology, biomedicines, and high-end equipment manufacturing.產品質量整體水平不斷提高。

The overall quality of manufactured goods steadily improved.服務業增加值占國內生產總值比重提高2.7個百分點，成為吸納就業最多的產業。

The share of value-added of the service sector in the GDP increased by 2.7 percentage points, and it now creates more jobs than any other sector.扎實推進節能減排和生態環境保護。五年累計，共淘汰落后煉鐵產能1.17億噸、煉鋼產能7800萬噸、水泥產能7.75億噸；

We made steady progress in conserving energy, reducing emissions, and protecting the environment.Over the past five years, the following backward production facilities were closed: Iron works with a total output capacity of 117 million tons.Steel mills with a capacity of 78 million tons.Cement plants with a capacity of 775 million tons.新增城市污水日處理能力4600萬噸；單位國內生產總值能耗下降17.2%，化學需氧量、二氧化硫排放總量分別下降15.7%和17.5%。修訂環境空氣質量標準，增加細顆粒物PM2.5等監測指標。

Moreover, in the past five years: Daily urban sewage treatment capacity increased by 46 million tons.Energy consumption per unit ofGDP fell by 17.2%.Total chemical oxygen demand fell by 15.7%.Total sulfur dioxide emissions fell by 17.5%.Environmental air quality standards were revised.The air quality index for monitoring fine particulate matter(PM2 s)was added.推進天然林保護、退耕還林、防沙治沙等重點生態工程建設，五年累計完成造林2953萬公頃，治理沙漠化、石漠化土地1196萬公頃，綜合治理水土流失面積24.6萬平方公里，整治國土面積18萬平方公里。

Progress was made in major ecological projects to protect virgin forests, afforest marginal farmland, and prevent and control desertification.Over the past five years: Anadditional 29.53 million hectares of land were planted with trees.Desertification was halted on 11.96 million hectares of land.Soil erosion on 246,000 square kilometers of land was brought under control.A total of 180,000 square kilometers of land were improved.深入實施區域發展總體戰略，頒布實施全國主體功能區規劃，制定西部大開發新十年指導意見和一系列區域發展規劃，加快推進西藏、新疆等地區跨越式發展，We implemented the master strategy for regional development, promulgated and implemented the national plan for developing functional zones, formulated new 10-year guidelines for the large-scale development of the western region and a number of regional development plans, and accelerated leapfrog development of Tibet and Xinjiang.制定實施新十年農村扶貧開發綱要，將扶貧標準提高到2300元（2010年不變價），加強集中連片特殊困難地區扶貧攻堅。

We formulated and implemented a new ten-year program for rural poverty alleviation and development, raised the poverty line to 2,300 yuan at 2010 prices, and intensified efforts to alleviate poverty in contiguous areas with acute difficulties.中西部和東北地區主要發展指標增速高于全國平均水平，東部地區產業轉型升級步伐加快，各具特色、良性互動的區域發展格局正在形成。

Major economic indicators rose faster in the central and western regions and northeast China than the national average.Transformation and upgrading of the industrial sector in the eastern region accelerated, and a pattern of regional development is taking shape in which each region both has its distinctive strengths and draws on the strengths of other regions.積極穩妥推進城鎮化，五年轉移農村人口8463萬人，城鎮化率由45.9%提高到52.6%，城鄉結構發生了歷史性變化。

We advanced urbanization actively yet prudently.Over the past five years: A total of 84.63 million rural residents migrated to urban areas.The urbanization level rose from 45.9“10 to 52.6%, marking a historic turning point in China's urban-rural population structure.城鄉、區域發展的協調性明顯增強。Development between urban and rural areas and between regions became more balanced.三是毫不放松地抓好“三農”工作，鞏固和加強農業基礎地位。

3.Unremittingly doing our work related to agriculture, rural areas, andfarmers well, and consolidating and strengthening the position ofagriculture as the foundation of the economy

我們堅持在工業化、信息化、城鎮化深入發展中同步推進農業現代化，集中力量辦成了一些關系農業農村長遠發展、關系農民切身利益的大事。

We carried out agricultural modernization while deepening industrialization, application of information and communication technologies(leT), and urbanization, and we pooled resources to accomplish a number of major tasks that are important to the long-term development of agriculture and rural areas and to the vital interests of farmers.加大財政投入，中央財政“三農”累計支出4.47萬億元，年均增長23.5%。We increased central government spending on agriculture, rural areas and farmers, which totaled 4.47 trillion yuan for the past five years and rose by an average annual rate of 23.5%.建立健全種糧農民補貼制度和主產區利益補償機制，補貼標準逐年提高，覆蓋范圍不斷擴大，補貼資金從2007年的639億元增加到2012年的1923億元。We established a sound system for subsidizing grain farmers and a sound mechanism for subsidizing major grain-producing areas, broadened the coverage of the subsidies, and raised them every year, from 63.9 billion yuan in 2007 to 192.3 billion yuan in 2012.加強農村金融服務，涉農貸款余額從2007年末的6.12萬億元增加到2012年末的17.63萬億元。

We provided more rural financial services, and the outstanding balance of bank loans to agriculture, rural areas and farmers increased from 6.12 trillion yuan at the end of 2007 to 17.63 trillion yuan at the end of 2012.實行糧食最低收購價政策，小麥、稻谷最低收購價累計提高41.7%到86.7%。We carried out the policy of minimum grain purchase prices and raised the floor prices for wheat and rice between 41.7% and 86.7%.加強耕地保護，維護農民權益，為完善農村集體土地征收補償制度做了大量準備工作。

We intensified protection of farmland and farmers' rights and interests, and made a lot of preparations to improve the system of compensating for expropriation of rural collective land.加快推進農業科技進步和現代農業建設，加大對良種繁育、動植物疫病防控、基層農技推廣的支持力度。

We made greater progress in agricultural science and technology and the development of modem agriculture, and we increased support for cultivating superior varieties and breeds, preventing and controlling animal and plant epidemics, and spreading agricultural technology in villages.大力興修水利，開展農村土地整治，建設高標準農田，耕地面積保持在18.2億畝以上。

We built more water conservancy projects, improved rural land, developed high-grade farmland, and kept the country's total area of farmland over 121.3 million hectares.糧食綜合生產能力躍上新臺階，糧食總產量連續6年穩定在萬億斤以上并逐年增加。

Thanks to these efforts, China's overall grain production capacity reached a new level, and its grain output in each of the past six years increased and exceeded 500 million tons，加強農村水電路氣等基礎設施建設，新建改建農村公路146.5萬公里，改造農村危房1033萬戶，解決了3億多農村人口的飲水安全和無電區445萬人的用電問題，農村生產生活條件不斷改善。

We strengthened rural infrastructure such as roads and water, power and methane supply capacity.We built or upgraded 1.465 million kilometers of rural roads, renovated run-down houses for 10.33 million rural households, provided safe drinking water for an additional 300 million plus rural residents, and delivered electricity to 4.45 million people in areas without power supply.This led to steady improvement in rural productivity and quality of life.積極引導農村富余勞動力轉向非農產業，農民人均純收入持續較快增長，2010年以來城鄉居民相對收入差距逐步縮小。

We encouraged surplus rural workers to find non-agricultural employment.The per capita net income of rural residents grew rapidly, and the relative income gap between urban and rural residents has progressively narrowed since 2010.深化農村綜合改革。

We deepened overall rural reform.集體林權制度主體改革基本完成，全面推進農村集體土地確權頒證工作，開展農村土地承包經營權登記試點。

We basically completed the main tasks for reforming the collective forest tenure system, made comprehensive progress in determining, registering and certifying collective land ownership, and carried out trials for registering contracted rural land-use rights.農業農村發展的好形勢，為應對國際金融危機和各種自然災害嚴重沖擊、穩定經濟社會發展大局提供了重要支撐。

Sound agricultural and rural development provided important support for China to counter the severe impact of the global financial crisis and natural disasters and maintain overall stability in economic and social development.四是堅持實施科教興國戰略，增強經濟社會發展的核心支撐能力。

4.Steadfastly implementing the strategy for making China strong through the development of science and education, and boosting the country’s core ability to sustain economic and social development

我們加快實施國家中長期科學和技術發展規劃綱要，制定實施國家中長期教育改革和發展規劃綱要、國家中長期人才發展規劃綱要和國家知識產權戰略，We accelerated implementation of the National Plan for Long-and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development;formulated and implemented the National Plan for Long-and Medium-Term Education Reform and Development, the National Plan for Long-and Medium-Term Development of Competent Personnel and the national strategy on intellectual property rights.推動科技、教育、文化事業全面發展，為國家長遠發展奠定了堅實基礎。

This gave impetus to all-around progress in science and technology, education, and culture and laid a solid foundation for ensuring China's long-term development.優先發展教育事業。國家財政性教育經費支出五年累計7.79萬億元，年均增長21.58%，2012年占國內生產總值比例達到4%。

We gave high priority to developing education.Government spending on education totaled 7.79 trillion yuan over the past five years, increasing at an average annual rate of 21.58% to reach 4% of GDP in 2012.教育資源重點向農村、邊遠、民族、貧困地區傾斜，教育公平取得明顯進步。We allocated educational resources, giving priority to rural, remote, poor and ethnic minority areas and made notable progress in improving fairness in education.全面實現城鄉九年免費義務教育，惠及1.6億學生。實施學前教育三年行動計劃，“入園難”問題有所緩解。

We made free nine-year compulsory education universal across the country, benefiting 160 million students.A three-year action plan for preschool education was carried out, and the shortage of preschools was eased.國家助學制度不斷完善，建立了家庭經濟困難學生資助體系，實現從學前教育到研究生教育各個階段全覆蓋，每年資助金額近1000億元，資助學生近8000萬人次。

We improved the system of state financial aid to students, and established a system for giving students from poor families financial aid from preschool through graduate school.We spent approximately 100 billion yuan annually for this purpose and assisted nearly 80 million students.實施中等職業教育免學費政策，覆蓋范圍包括所有農村學生、城市涉農專業學生和家庭經濟困難學生。

We implemented the policy of tuition-free secondary vocational education for all rural students and all urban students who study agriculture-related majors or are from poor families.初步解決進城務工人員隨遷子女在城市接受義務教育問題，現有1260萬農村戶籍孩子在城市接受義務教育。

The problem of providing compulsory education to children of rural migrants working in cities was basically solved, and 12.6 million children with rural residence status are now receiving compulsory education in cities.實施惠及3000多萬農村義務教育階段學生營養改善計劃。

We implemented the plan for improving nutrition of rural students receiving compulsory education to the benefit of over 30 million students.完成中小學校舍安全工程。

We completed the project to improve the safety of primary and secondary school buildings.加快職業教育基礎能力和特殊教育基礎設施建設。

We sped up development of infrastructure for vocational and special education.義務教育學校實施績效工資，在教育部直屬師范大學實行師范生免費教育，加強了農村教師隊伍建設。

The pay of teachers in compulsory education is now linked to their performance.Students majoring in education at teachers universities directly under the Ministry of Education were exempted from paying tuition, and the ranks of rural teachers were strengthened.全面提高教育質量和水平，高等教育毛入學率提高到30%。

The quality and level of education in China was comprehensively raised, and the gross college enrollment rate rose to 30%.國民受教育程度大幅提升，15歲以上人口平均受教育年限達到9年以上。

The education level of the people was raised significantly, and the average length of schooling of people over the age of 15 now exceeds nine years.大力推動自主創新。中央財政用于科技的投入五年累計8729億元，年均增長超過18%。

We vigorously promoted innovation.The central government spent 872.9 billion yuan to develop science and technology in the past five years, with an average annual increase of over 18%.全社會研究與試驗發展經費支出占國內生產總值的比例由2007年的1.4%提高到2012年的1.97%，企業研發活動支出占比超過74%。

China's R&D spending accounted for 1.97% of GDP in 2012, up from 1.4% in 2007, and over 74% of this spending was made by companies.出臺深化科技體制改革加快國家創新體系建設的意見。The Guidelines on Deepening Reform of the Management System for Science and Technology and Accelerating Development of a National Innovation System were adopted.深入實施國家技術創新工程和知識創新工程，扎實推進國家科技重大專項，新建一批國家工程中心、重點實驗室和企業技術中心。

We carried out a national technology innovation project and a knowledge innovation project, made solid progress in implementing major national R&D projects, and set up a number of national engineering centers, key laboratories and enterprise technology centers.加強基礎研究和前沿探索，突破一批關鍵核心技術，填補了多項重大產品和裝備的空白。

We boosted basic research and research in frontier areas, made breakthroughs in a number of core and key technologies, and filled in gaps in many important products and equipment.深入實施人才強國戰略。以高層次、高技能人才為重點，加強各類人才隊伍建設，專業技術人才、高技能人才分別增加860萬人和880萬人，留學回國人員達到54萬人。

We implemented the strategy for making China strong through training competent personnel.We trained more personnel of all types, with the focus on high-level and highly skilled personnel.As a result, the number of personnel with special expertise and highly skilled personnel increased by 8.6 million and 8.8 million respectively.A total of 540,000 overseas students returned.大力加強文化建設。覆蓋城鄉的公共文化設施網絡體系初步建成，博物館、圖書館、文化館（站）全面實現免費開放。

We put greater effort into developing the cultural sector.A network of public cultural facilities covering both urban and rural areas is taking shape, and all museums, libraries and cultural centers in China are open to the public free of charge.國有經營性文化單位轉企改制任務基本完成，公益性文化事業單位內部機制改革不斷深化。

We basically transformed state-owned for-profit cultural institutions into business enterprises, and deepened reform of internal operating mechanisms of non-profit cultural institutions.哲學社會科學、新聞出版、廣播影視、文學藝術等更加繁榮，文化產業快速發展。Philosophy and the social sciences, the press and publishing, radio, television and film, and literature and art are flourishing, and cultural industries developed rapidly.文物保護、非物質文化遺產保護和傳承取得重要進展。對外文化交流更加活躍。全民健身和競技體育取得新成績。

We made major progress in protecting cultural relics and preserving and passing on intangible cultural heritage.Cultural exchanges with other countries increased.New progress was made in nationwide fitness activities and competitive sports.五是堅持把人民利益放在第一位，著力保障和改善民生。

Fifth, putting the people's interests first and striving to ensure and improve their well-being

我們把就業作為保障和改善民生的頭等大事，實施積極的就業政策。加強重點人群就業工作，提高職業培訓和就業服務水平，五年累計投入就業專項資金1973億元，We made expanding employment the top priority in ensuring and improving people's well-being and pursued a proactive employment policy.Over the past five years, we allocated 197.3 billion yuan of employment funds to help targeted groups obtain employment and to improve vocational training and employment services.實現高校畢業生就業2800萬人，城鎮就業困難人員就業830萬人，保持了就業形勢總體穩定。

As a result, 28 million university graduates and 8.3 million urban residents having difficulty finding jobs found employment.All this kept the overall employment situation stable.全面推進社會保障體系建設，建立新型農村社會養老保險和城鎮居民社會養老保險制度，城鄉居民基本養老保險實現了制度全覆蓋，各項養老保險參保達到7.9億人。

We made comprehensive progress in developing the social security system: A new old-age insurance system for rural residents and an old-age insurance system for non-working urban residents were established, and the basic old-age insurance system now covers both urban and rural residents.A total of 790 million people are now covered by different old-age insurance schemes.企業退休人員基本養老金從2004年人均每月700元提高到現在的1721元。A total of 790 million people are now covered by different old-age insurance schemes.Basic pensions for enterprise retirees rose from an average of 700 yuan per month in 2004 to 1,721 yuan at present.妥善解決關閉破產企業退休人員、困難企業職工、國有企業老工傷人員、未參保集體企業退休人員社會保險等問題。

We extended social security coverage to retirees of closed or bankrupt enterprises, employees of enterprises with operating difficulties, employees of state-owned enterprises who suffered work-related injuries in the past, and uninsured retirees of collectively owned enterprises.深化醫藥衛生體制改革，建立新型農村合作醫療制度和城鎮居民基本醫療保險制度，We deepened reform of the medical and health care systems, established a new type of rural cooperative medical care system and a basic medical insurance scheme for non-working urban residents.全民基本醫保體系初步形成，各項醫療保險參保超過13億人，We deepened reform of the medical and health care systems, established a new type of rural cooperative medical care system and a basic medical insurance scheme for non-working urban residents.加強城鄉基層醫療衛生服務體系建設，建立基本藥物制度并在基層醫療機構實施，公立醫院改革試點穩步推進。

We improved community-level medical and health care services, and established a system for using basic drugs and implemented it in community-level medical institutions.Steady progress was made in the trial reform of public hospitals.國民健康水平進一步提高，人均預期壽命達到75歲。

People's health further improved, and the average life expectancy reached 75 years.健全城鄉居民低保、醫療、教育、法律等救助制度，The systems for aiding needy rural and urban residents with subsistence allowances, medical care, education and legal assistance were improved.改革完善孤兒保障、流浪兒童救助保護、農村五保供養制度。

We reformed and improved systems for providing social security to orphans, helping and protecting homeless children, and giving childless and infirm rural residents assistance in the form of food, clothing, medical care, housing, and burial expenses.頒布實施新的中國婦女、兒童發展綱要，依法保障婦女兒童合法權益。

We promulgated and implemented new programs for the development of Chinese women and children, and protected their legitimate rights and interests in accordance with the law.建立健全城鎮保障性住房制度，覆蓋面逐步擴大，2012年底已達到12.5%。We established a sound government-subsidized urban housing system and extended it to cover 12.5% of the country's urban households by the end of 2012.社會保障制度建設取得歷史性的巨大成就。不斷加強和創新社會管理，建立健全應急管理體系，發揮城鄉社區自治和服務功能，社會保持和諧穩定。

Historic achievements were made in developing the social security system.We strengthened and made innovations in social management, put in place a sound emergency response system, encouraged urban and rural communities to fully play their self-governance and service roles, and maintained social harmony and stability.六是深化重要領域改革，增強經濟社會發展的內在活力。[/cn][en]Sixth, deepening reform in key areas and enhancing the vitality of economic and social development[/en]

[cn]我們不失時機地推進改革，在一些重要領域取得重大進展。

We lost no opportunity to carry out reform and achieved great progress in a number of key areas.大力推進財稅體制改革，完善轉移支付制度，全面建立縣級基本財力保障機制，基層政府提供基本公共服務的能力有所提高；

We vigorously reformed the fiscal and taxation systems, improved the system of transfer payments and established a mechanism for ensuring basic funding for county-level governments across the country.County-and township-level governments became more capable of providing basic public services.由公共財政預算、政府性基金預算、國有資本經營預算、社會保險基金預算組成的預算體系框架基本形成，預算外資金全部納入預算管理；

We put in place the basic framework of a system of budgets for public finances, government-managed funds, state capital operations and social security funds, and all extra budgetary funds were placed under budgetary management.統一內外資企業稅制，實現增值稅轉型，實施成品油價格和稅費改革，開展營業稅改征增值稅試點，改革資源稅制度，財稅體制對加快轉變經濟發展方式的促進作用增強。

We unified the corporate tax systems for domestic and overseas-funded enterprises, implemented VAT reform, reformed pricing of refined oil products and related taxes and fees, carried out pilot projects to replace business tax with VAT, and reformed the resource tax system.This strengthened the role of the fiscal and taxation systems in accelerating the change of the growth model.全面深化金融體制改革，國有大型商業銀行股份制改革順利完成，政策性金融機構改革有序推進，We comprehensively deepened reform of the financial system.Specifically, we smoothly completed the transformation of large state-owned commercial banks into joint-stock companies and carried out reform of policy-based financial institutions in an orderly way.農村信用社改革成效明顯，銀行業新監管標準實施，創業板、股指期貨和融資融券業務相繼推出，We made notable achievements in reforming rural credit cooperatives, implemented new oversight and supervision standards in the banking industry, launched the ChiNext stock market, and introduced stock index futures and securities margin trading.保險業改革開放深入推進，人民幣匯率形成機制不斷完善，利率市場化和資本項目可兌換改革穩步推進，建立宏觀審慎政策框架，擴大人民幣在跨境貿易和投資中的使用。

We deepened reform of the insurance industry and opened it wider.We improved the mechanism for setting the RMB exchange rate, made steady progress in making interest rates more market-based and promoting the RMB's convertibility under capital accounts, established a macro prudential policy framework, and expanded the use of the RMB in cross-border trade and investment.我國銀行、證券、保險業的抗風險能力和國際競爭力顯著提升，為成功應對國際金融危機沖擊奠定了堅實基礎。

China's banking, securities and insurance industries became significantly more resilient to risks and internationally competitive, and they underpinned our successful response to the global financial crisis.國有企業改革不斷深化，素質提高，競爭力明顯增強。

Reform of state-owned enterprises deepened, their performance improved and their competitiveness was significantly enhanced.制定鼓勵和引導民間投資健康發展的指導意見和實施細則，非公有制經濟發展環境不斷改善。

We formulated the Guidelines on Encouraging and Guiding the Sound Development of Non-governmental Investiment and rules for their implementation, and the environment for the development of the non-public sector of the economy improved.建立生態補償制度，開展排污權和碳排放權交易試點。

We adopted a system for compensating for ecological damage and carried out trials for trading pollution discharge and carbon emission rights.事業單位分類改革積極推進。

We carried out function-based reform of public institutions.七是堅定不移擴大對外開放，全面提升開放型經濟水平。

7.Unswervingly opening wider to the outside world and comprehensively improving the performance ofthe open economy

我們積極應對外部環境的急劇變化，及時出臺穩定外需的政策措施，實施市場多元化戰略，We actively responded to drastic changes in the external environment, promptly introduced policies and measures to stabilize external demand, and implemented the strategy of diversifying markets.進出口總額年均增長12.2%，從世界第三位提升到第二位，During the past five years, China's import and export volume grew by an annual average of 12.2% and rose from third to second place in the world.其中出口額躍居世界第一位，占國際市場份額比2007年提高2個多百分點，進出口結構優化，貿易大國地位進一步鞏固。

China has become the largest exporter in the world, and its international market share increased by over two percentage points over 2007.China's import and export mix improved;and its status as a trading power was further strengthened.五年累計實際利用外資5528億美元，利用外資的結構和布局明顯優化，質量和水平顯著提升。

Over the past five years, we utilized US$ 552.8 billion of foreign investment, considerably improved the structure and distribution of this investment, and made much better use of it.加快實施“走出去”戰略，鼓勵各類企業開展對外投資和跨國經營，We quickened the implementation of the ”go global" strategy and encouraged enterprises of various types to invest and operate overseas.非金融類對外直接投資從2007年的248億美元上升到2012年的772億美元，年均增長25.5%，躋身對外投資大國行列。

Non-financial outward direct investment increased from $24.8 billion in 2007 to $77.2 billion in 2012, growing at an average annual rate of 25.5%.This turned China into a major overseas investor country.對外開放有力促進了我國經濟發展和結構優化，吸收了先進技術和管理經驗，增加了就業和職工收入，也為推動世界經濟復蘇作出了重要貢獻。

Opening up vigorously stimulated China's economic development and structural improvement, brought in advanced foreign technologies and managerial expertise, and increased employment and workers' income, and also made an important contribution to global economic recovery.八是切實加強政府自身建設，進一步深化行政體制改革。

8.Effectively strengthening governance and deepening reform of the administrative system 推進政府機構改革，初步建立職能統一的大部門體制框架。

We proceeded with the reform of government agencies and put in place the basic institutional framework for establishing larger government departments that integrate the functions smaller ones had performed.我們始終把實行科學民主決策、堅持依法行政、推進政務公開、健全監督制度、加強廉政建設作為政府工作的基本準則。

We always observed the following basic norms in exercising governance: making policy decisions scientifically and democratically, conducting administration in accordance with the law, promoting transparency in government operations, improving the oversight system and upholding integrity.在規范行政權力運行，建設服務政府、責任政府、法治政府和廉潔政府方面，采取了一系列新舉措，邁出了新步伐。

We adopted new measures and made new progress in exercising government power according to due procedures and in building a service-oriented, accountable, law-based and clean government.堅持科學決策、民主決策、依法決策，健全公眾參與、專家論證、風險評估、合法性審查和集體討論決定等政府決策程序。

We took the following steps to improve government decision-making procedures: making policy decisions scientifically and democratically in accordance with the law;soliciting opinions from the public;and conducting expert evaluation, risk assessment, legality review, and collective discussion.深化行政審批制度改革，五年中分兩輪取消和調整行政審批事項498項，We deepened reform of the system of review and approval by government bodies and eliminated or streamlined 498 items requiring such review and approval in two stages over the past five years.國務院各部門取消和調整的審批項目總數達到2497項，占原有審批項目的69.3%。

Departments of the State Council eliminated or streamlined 2,497 items requiring their review and approval, 69.3% ofthe original total.大力推動政務公開，重點推進財政預算決算公開和公務接待、公務車購置使用、因公出國出境經費公開，We took major steps to increase transparency in government operations, with the focus on government budgets and final accounts, as well as on expenditures for official hospitality, purchase and use of official cars, and overseas trips for official purposes.讓人民群眾更加全面地了解政府工作，更加有效地監督政府行為。

This made it possible for the people to learn more about how the government functions, and thus more effectively oversee its operations.審計監督的力度越來越大，成效越來越明顯。全面加強反腐倡廉建設，加強領導干部廉潔自律的監督管理。

Auditing oversight was intensified and became more effective.We comprehensively intensified efforts to fight corruption and build a clean government, and strengthened oversight and supervision of leading officials to ensure that they maintain personal integrity and are self-disciplined.探索建立政府績效管理制度，建立并切實執行以行政首長為重點的行政問責制度，努力提高行政效能。

We took steps to put in place a system of performance-based management of government officials, established and earnestly enforced the system of governance accountability focusing on leading government officials, and improved efficiency in governance.各位代表！

Fellow Deputies，五年來，我們貫徹民族區域自治法，支持少數民族和民族地區發展的政策體系更加完善，民族團結進步事業煥發出新的蓬勃生機。

Over the past five years, we implemented the Law on Regional Ethnic Autonomy, improved the policy system for supporting the development of ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas, and infused new vitality into the cause of promoting unity and progress of ethnic groups in China.全面落實宗教信仰自由政策，宗教事務管理的法制化、規范化水平進一步提升。We comprehensively carried out the policy on freedom of religious belief and managed religious affairs on a more law-and procedure-based basis.認真貫徹僑務政策，依法保護海外僑胞和歸僑僑眷的合法權益，僑務資源的獨特優勢得到進一步發揮。

We implemented the policy on overseas Chinese affairs in both letter and spirit, protected the legitimate rights and interests of overseas Chinese and those who have returned to China and their families;and we put their unique strengths to better use.國防和軍隊建設開創新局面。

New progress was made in strengthening national defense and the armed forces.中國特色軍事變革取得重大成就，軍隊革命化現代化正規化建設協調推進、全面加強，Major achievements were made in the revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics.The armed forces made coordinated and all-around progress in becoming more revolutionary, modernized and procedure-based.軍事斗爭準備不斷深化，履行新世紀新階段歷史使命能力顯著增強，出色完成一系列急難險重任務。

They deepened their military preparedness, greatly enhanced their ability to carry out their historic mission in the new stage in the new century, and accomplished a number of urgent, difficult, and hazardous tasks.港澳臺工作進一步加強。香港、澳門保持繁榮穩定，同內地交流合作提高到新水平。

We strengthened our work related to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.Hong Kong and Macao are thriving and stable, and their exchanges and cooperation with the mainland reached a new height.推動兩岸關系實現重大轉折，兩岸直接雙向“三通”全面實現，簽署實施兩岸經濟合作框架協議，We achieved a major transition in relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits.Complete, direct and two-way links of mail service, transport and trade were established, and the Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement was signed and is being implemented.形成兩岸全方位交往格局，開創兩岸關系和平發展新局面。

This extended cross-Straits exchanges to all areas and ushered in a new stage of peaceful growth of cross-Straits relations.全方位外交取得新的重大進展。

Major new progress' was made in China's all-around diplomacy.我們積極推進同各大國關系，加強與周邊鄰國的互利合作關系，順利建成中國—東盟自貿區，We vigorously developed our relations with other major countries, enhanced mutually beneficial cooperation with our neighbors, and successfully established the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area.推動上海合作組織等區域合作機制發展，深化同廣大發展中國家的傳統友誼與合作，We spurred the development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and other mechanisms for promoting regional cooperation, and deepened our traditional friendship and cooperation with other developing countries.積極參與應對國際金融危機、氣候變化等全球性問題的國際合作，推動解決國際和地區熱點問題，We actively participated in international cooperation on global issues like the global financial crisis and climate change and helped resolve international and regional hot-spot issues.為我國改革發展穩定營造了有利的國際環境，為世界和平穩定發展繁榮作出重要貢獻。

We thus fostered an international environment favorable for China's reform, development and stability and made a significant contribution to world peace, stability, development and prosperity.各位代表！

Fellow Deputies，過去五年取得的成就來之不易。這是黨中央總攬全局、正確領導的結果，是全黨全國各族人民齊心協力、艱苦奮斗的結果。

Our achievements over the past five years did not come easily.We owe them to the broad vision and correct leadership of the party Central Committee and the concerted efforts and arduous work of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in China.我代表國務院，向全國工人、農民、知識分子、干部、解放軍指戰員、武警部隊官兵和公安民警，表示誠摯的感謝！

On behalf of the State Council, I extend my sincere gratitude to all workers, farmers, intellectuals, officials, and members of the People's Liberation Army, armed police and public security police.向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和其他各界人士，表示誠摯的感謝！I extend my heartfelt thanks to the people of all our ethnic groups, the democratic parties, people's organizations and leading figures in all sectors of society.向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞和臺灣同胞以及廣大僑胞，表示誠摯的感謝！

I express my sincere thanks to our compatriots in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan, as well as overseas Chinese.向關心和支持中國現代化建設的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯的感謝！

I also extend my sincere appreciation to foreign governments, international organizations and foreign friends that have shown understanding for and supported China's modernization drive.我們清醒地認識到，經濟社會發展中還存在不少矛盾和問題。主要是：

We are keenly aware that we still face many difficulties and problems in our economic and social development.In particular:

發展中不平衡、不協調、不可持續問題依然突出；

Unbalanced, uncoordinated and unsustainable development remains a prominent problem.經濟增長下行壓力和產能相對過剩的矛盾有所加劇；

There is a growing conflict between downward pressure on economic growth and excess production capacity.企業生產經營成本上升和創新能力不足問題并存；

There is a growing conflict between downward pressure on economic growth and excess production capacity.財政收入增速放緩和政府剛性支出增加的矛盾凸顯；

The growth of government revenue is slowing down while fixed government expenditures are increasing.金融領域存在潛在風險；

There are potential risks in the financial sector.產業結構不合理，農業基礎依然薄弱；

There are potential risks in the financial sector.The agricultural foundation is still weak.經濟發展與資源環境的矛盾日趨尖銳；

Economic development is increasingly in conflict with resource conservation and environmental protection.城鄉、區域發展差距和居民收入分配差距較大；

The development gap between urban and rural areas and between regions is large, and so are income disparities between individuals.社會矛盾明顯增多，教育、就業、社會保障、醫療、住房、生態環境、食品藥品安全、安全生產、社會治安等關系群眾切身利益的問題不少，Social problems have increased markedly, and many problems in the areas of education, employment, social security, medical care, housing, the environment, food and drug safety, workplace safety, and public order affect people's vital interests.部分群眾生活困難；

Some people still lead hard lives.制約科學發展的體制機制障礙較多；

There are many systemic and institutional obstacles to developing in a scientific way.政府職能轉變不到位，一些領域腐敗現象易發多發。

The transformation of government functions has not been fully carried out, and some areas are prone to corruption.這些問題，有些是長期積累的，有些是經濟社會發展過程中出現的，有些是政府工作中的缺點和不足造成的。

Some of these problems have built up over time, while others have emerged in the course of economic and social development, and still others have been caused by inadequacies and weaknesses in our government work.我們要以對國家和人民高度負責的精神，更加努力做好工作，加快解決這些問題，決不辜負人民的期望！

We should have a strong sense of responsibility toward our country and people, work harder and solve these problems more quickly in order to meet people's expectations and never let them down.二、今年經濟社會發展的總體要求、主要預期目標和宏觀經濟政策

II.General Requirements, Major Targets and Macroeconomic Policies for This Year's Economic and Social Development

黨的十八大科學總結了過去五年的工作和黨的十六大以來的奮斗歷程和歷史性成就，確定了全面建成小康社會和全面深化改革開放的目標，對進一步推進中國特色社會主義事業作出了全面部署。

At its Eighteenth National Congress, the Party scientifically reviewed its work over the previous five years and the historic achievements since its Sixteenth Congress, set forth the objectives of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and deepening reform and opening up in an all-around way, and laid out an overall plan for advancing the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.2013年是全面貫徹落實黨的十八大精神的開局之年，是實施“十二五”規劃承前啟后的關鍵一年，是為全面建成小康社會奠定堅實基礎的重要一年。

The year 2013 is the first year for fully carrying out the guiding principles of the Party's Eighteenth National Congress, a crucial year for continuing to implement the Twelfth Five-Year Plan and an important year for laying a solid foundation for finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.我國發展仍處于可以大有作為的重要戰略機遇期，經濟社會發展具備很多有利條件和積極因素，也面臨不少風險和挑戰。

China remains in an important period of strategic opportunities during which much can be accomplished.There are many favorable conditions and positive factors as well as a number of risks and challenges for China's economic and social development.國際金融危機深層次影響持續顯現，世界經濟復蘇充滿不確定性、不穩定性。The profound impact of the global financial crisis persists, and the recovery of the world economy is full of uncertainty and not yet on a stable footing.我們既要看到形勢的積極方面，堅定信心，也要看到形勢的復雜性，增強憂患意識和緊迫感，兢兢業業、扎扎實實做好工作。

We should realize that the situation is encouraging and so remain confident;but also that it is complex and so be mindful of adversity, have a keen sense of urgency, and industriously and earnestly do our work well.今年工作的總體要求是：

The general requirements for this year's work are:

深入學習和全面貫徹落實黨的十八大精神，Thoroughly study and fully implement the guiding principles of the Eighteenth Party Congress.Hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics.高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，以鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想、科學發展觀為指導，緊緊圍繞主題主線，以提高經濟增長質量和效益為中心，Follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents and the Scientific Outlook on Development.Take developing in a scientific way as the underlying guideline and accelerating the change of the growth model as the major task.Focus on improving the quality and performance of economic growth.深化改革開放，實施創新驅動戰略，穩中求進，開拓創新，扎實開局，Deepen reform and opening up.Implement the strategy of making development more innovation-driven.Make progress while ensuring stability.Blaze new trails in a pioneering spirit.Get off to a good start.全面推進社會主義經濟建設、政治建設、文化建設、社會建設、生態文明建設，實現經濟持續健康發展和社會和諧穩定。

Comprehensively promote socialist economic, political, Cultural, social and ecological progress.Achieve sustained, healthy economic growth and social harmony and stability.今年經濟社會發展的主要預期目標是：

The major targets for this year's economic and social development are:

國內生產總值增長7.5%左右，發展的協調性進一步增強； Increase GDP by about 7.5%.Better coordinate development.居民消費價格漲幅3.5%左右；

Hold increases in the CPI to around 3.5%.城鎮新增就業900萬人以上，城鎮登記失業率低于4.6%；

Add more than 9 million urban jobs.Keep the registered urban unemployment rate at or below 4.6%.城鄉居民人均收入實際增長與經濟增長同步，勞動報酬增長和勞動生產率提高同步；

Ensure that real per capita income for urban and rural residents increases in step with economic growth and that work remuneration rises in step with increases in labor productivity.國際收支狀況進一步改善。

Further improve the balance of payments.這里，著重對經濟增長和物價總水平兩個指標作些說明。

Here, I wish to explain our targets for economic growth and overall prices.關于經濟增長目標。這是一個綜合性指標，各方面高度關注。今年經濟增長預期目標定為7.5%左右，主要基于兩方面考慮：

The target for economic growth: This is a general target that is followed closely by all.In setting this year's target for economic growth at about 7.5%, we have taken two factors into account.一方面，要繼續抓住機遇、促進發展。這些年，我國制造業積累了較大產能，基礎設施狀況大為改善，支撐能力明顯增強，儲蓄率較高，勞動力總量仍然很大。On the one hand, we need to continue to seize opportunities and promote development.Over the years, the capacity ofChina's manufacturing industry has increased considerably and our infrastructure has improved significantly, which means they are better able to sustain development.The rate of savings has been high, and the size of the workforce has remained large.必須優化配置和利用生產要素，保持合理的增長速度，為增加就業、改善民生提供必要條件，為轉方式、調結構創造穩定環境；

We must better allocate and employ factors of production and maintain a proper level of economic growth in order to provide necessary conditions for creating jobs and improving people's well-being and to create a stable environment for changing the growth model and adjusting the economic structure.必須使經濟增長與潛在增長率相協調，與生產要素的供給能力和資源環境的承受能力相適應。

We must ensure that economic growth is in accord with the potential economic growth rate, the ability to supply factors of production, and the bearing capacity of resources and the environment.另一方面，要切實按照科學發展觀的要求，引導各方面把工作重心放到加快轉變經濟發展方式和調整經濟結構上，放到提高經濟增長的質量和效益上，推動經濟持續健康發展。

On the other hand, we should, in accordance with the Scientific Outlook on Development, guide all the people to shift the focus of their work to accelerating the change of the growth model, adjusting the economic structure and improving the quality and performance of economic growth, so as to promote sustained and healthy economic development.綜合權衡，今年的經濟增長目標定為7.5%左右是必要的、適宜的，實現這個目標需要付出艱苦努力。

In light of these considerations, we deem it necessary and appropriate to set this year's target for economic growth at about 7.5%, a goal that we will have to work hard to attain.關于物價總水平。保持物價總水平基本穩定始終是宏觀調控的重要目標。

The target for overall prices: Maintaining basic stability of overall prices has always been an important macro-control target.去年居民消費價格漲幅回落到2.6%，這是我們控制通貨膨脹取得的一個重要成果，也與經濟運行整體態勢有關。

Last year, the rise in the CPI dropped to 2.6%.This was an important result of our efforts to curb inflation, and it was also due to the overall economic performance.今年通貨膨脹壓力仍然較大，主要是：

This year, China is still under considerable inflationary pressure.The main reasons are:

我國土地、勞動力等要素價格，農產品和服務類價格都存在上漲壓力；

There is upward pressure on the prices of land, labor and other factors of production and the prices of farm products and services.主要發達國家實行寬松貨幣政策并不斷加碼，輸入性通貨膨脹壓力不容忽視； Major developed countries are increasingly carrying out easy monetary policies, and imported inflationary pressure cannot be overlooked.理順能源資源價格需要留出一定空間；

We need to leave some room for adjusting the prices of energy and resources.去年價格上漲的翹尾影響約有1個百分點。

The carry-over effect of the CPI increase in 2012 will contribute roughly one percentage point to this year's CPI growth rate.消費價格漲幅控制在3.5%左右，是充分考慮各方面因素后作出的選擇。

Taking all these factors fully into account, we have set the target for increases in the CPI at around 3.5% for this year.要切實保障重要商品供給，搞活流通，降低物流成本，加強市場價格監管，保持物價總水平基本穩定。

We should effectively ensure the supply of major commodities, boost distribution of goods, reduce logistics costs, tighten oversight over market prices, and keep overall prices basically stable.實現上述目標，必須繼續實施積極的財政政策和穩健的貨幣政策，保持政策連續性和穩定性，增強前瞻性、針對性和靈活性。

To reach the above targets, we must continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, maintain continuity and stability of our policies, and make them more forward-looking, targeted and flexible.繼續實施積極的財政政策。更好地發揮積極財政政策在穩增長、調結構、促改革、惠民生中的作用。

We will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy.We should make our proactive fiscal policy play a bigger role in ensuring steady growth, adjusting the structure, advancing reform, and benefiting the people.一是適當增加財政赤字和國債規模。今年擬安排財政赤字1.2萬億元，比去年預算增加4000億元，First, we will increase the deficit and government debt by appropriate amounts.This year we are projecting a deficit of 1.2 trillion yuan, 400 billion more than the budgeted figure last year.其中中央財政赤字8500億元，代地方發債3500億元。

This consists of a central government deficit of 850 billion yuan and 350 billion yuan in bonds to be issued on behalf of local.governments.這主要是考慮到結構性減稅的滯后效應，今年財政收入增長不會太快，但財政剛性支出增加，The time-lag of past structural tax cuts will make it hard for government revenue to grow fast this year, while fixed government expenditures will increase.特別是要增加保障改善民生支出，保持對經濟增長和結構調整的支持力度，適當擴大財政赤字和國債規模是必要的。

In particular, it is necessary to increase spending to ensure and improve people's well-being and maintain support for economic growth and structural adjustment.Consequently, we deem it necessary to appropriately increase the deficit and government debt.同時，目前我國債務負擔率相對較低，今年增加赤字后，赤字率在2%左右，總體上處于安全水平。

It should be noted that China has a relatively low debt-to-GDP ratio, and the increase in the deficit this year will bring the deficit-to-GDP ratio to about 2%, which is overall at a safe level.二是結合稅制改革完善結構性減稅政策。

Second, we will improve the structural tax cut policy as we continue to reform the tax system.重點是加快推進營業稅改征增值稅試點工作，完善試點辦法，適時擴大試點地區和行業范圍。

The focus will be on accelerating the pilot project to replace business tax with VAT, improving the way these trials are conducted and extending them to more areas and sectors in a timely manner.三是著力優化財政支出結構。繼續向教育、醫藥衛生、社會保障等民生領域和薄弱環節傾斜，Third, we will work hard to optimize the structure of government expenditures.We will continue to give priority to spending on education, medical and health care, social security and other weak areas that are important to people's well-being.嚴格控制行政經費等一般性支出，勤儉辦一切事業。

We will strictly limit regular expenditures like administrative expenses, and practice thrift in everything we do.中央預算內投資主要投向保障性安居工程，農業、水利、城市管網等基礎設施，社會事業等民生工程，節能減排和生態環境等領域。

Investment from the central government budget will be mainly made in government-subsidized housing projects;infrastructure projects related to agriculture, water conservancy and urban utilities networks;social programs and other projects to improve people's well-being;and energy conservation, emissions reduction and environmental protection.四是繼續加強地方政府性債務管理。妥善處理債務償還和在建項目后續融資問題，積極推進地方政府性債務管理制度建設，合理控制地方政府性債務水平。Fourth, we will continue to strengthen management of local government debt.We will properly handle debt repayment and follow-up financing for ongoing projects, put in place a system for managing local government debt and keep such debt at an appropriate level.繼續實施穩健的貨幣政策。把握好促進經濟增長、穩定物價和防范金融風險之間的平衡。

We will continue to implement a prudent monetary policy.We will maintain a balance between boosting economic growth, keeping prices stable and guarding against financial risks.一是健全宏觀審慎政策框架，發揮貨幣政策逆周期調節作用。

First, we will improve the policy framework for exercising macro-control prudently and have monetary policy play the role of making counter-cyclic adjustments.廣義貨幣Ｍ2預期增長目標擬定為13%左右。綜合運用多種貨幣政策工具，調節市場流動性，保持貨幣信貸合理增長，適當擴大社會融資規模。

The target for growth of the broad money supply(M2)is about 13%.We will employ a full range of monetary policy tools to control market liquidity, increase the money and credit supply at an appropriate pace, and expand the aggregate financing for the economy by an appropriate amount.完善貨幣政策傳導機制，加強金融監管與貨幣政策的協調，不斷優化監管標準和監管方式。

We will improve the transmission mechanism for monetary policy, better coordinate financial oversight and monetary policy, and improve oversight standards and their implementation.二是促進金融資源優化配置。引導金融機構加大對經濟結構調整特別是“三農”、小微企業、戰略性新興產業等的金融支持，滿足國家重點在建續建項目資金需求。Second, we will better allocate financial resources.We will guide financial institutions to increase financial support for structural adjustments to the economy, especially for agriculture, rural areas and farmers, small and micro businesses, and strategic emerging industries, and satisfy funding needs for key national projects under construction or expansion.拓寬實體經濟融資渠道，降低實體經濟融資成本。促進資本市場穩定健康發展。We will broaden financing channels for the real economy and reduce its financing costs.We will promote steady and healthy development of the capital market.三是守住不發生系統性和區域性金融風險底線。引導金融機構穩健經營，加強對局部和區域性風險以及金融機構表外業務風險的監管，提高金融支持經濟發展的可持續性。

Third, we will resolutely guard against systemic and regional financial risks.We will guide financial institutions to operate prudently, and we will tighten oversight over financial risks in certain sectors and regions and risks related to the off-balance sheet activities of financial institutions, and thus make the financial sector's support for economic development more sustainable.三、對今年政府工作的建議

III.Suggestions for the Work of the Government This Year

結合過去十年特別是近五年工作的體會，對今年政府主要工作提出以下建議。Based on an understanding of the work of the past ten years, especially of the past five years, I wish to make the following suggestions for the government's main work this year.（一）加快轉變經濟發展方式，促進經濟持續健康發展。

1.Accelerating the change ofthe growth model and promoting sustained and sound economic development

我國社會主義現代化建設取得的一切成就都建立在經濟持續健康發展的基礎之上，經濟不發展，什么事情都辦不成。

All the achievements we havemade in China's socialist modernization are attributable to sustained and sound economic development, without which we would have accomplished nothing.我國仍處于并將長期處于社會主義初級階段的基本國情沒有變，人民日益增長的物質文化需要同落后的社會生產之間的矛盾這一社會主要矛盾沒有變，我國是世界上最大發展中國家的國際地位沒有變，發展仍是解決我國所有問題的關鍵。China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time.This basic national condition has not changed;nor has the principal problem in our society, that is, production falls short of the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people, or China's international position as the largest developing country in the world.Development is still the key to solving all our problems.必須堅持以經濟建設為中心，聚精會神搞建設，一心一意謀發展。

We must keep economic development as the central task and give it our undivided attention.只要我們牢牢把握發展的重要戰略機遇期，尊重發展規律，創新發展理念，破解發展難題，加快轉變經濟發展方式，在發展中促轉變，在轉變中謀發展，就一定能實現經濟持續健康發展。

As long as we make full use of this important period of strategic opportunities, respect the law of development, formulate new thinking on development, solve problems hindering development, accelerate the change of the growth model, spur change in the course of pursuing development, and promote development while working for change, we can certainly achieve sustained and sound economic development.要堅定不移地把擴大內需作為經濟發展的長期戰略方針，充分發揮消費的基礎作用和投資的關鍵作用。

We should unswervingly take expanding domestic demand as our long-term strategy for economic development, and make full use of the basic function of consumption and the key role of investment.擴大內需的難點和重點在消費，潛力也在消費。

The difficulty in and key to expanding domestic demand lie in consumption, and that is also where the potential lies.擴大居民消費要在提高消費能力、穩定消費預期、增強消費意愿、改善消費環境上下功夫，不斷提高消費對經濟增長的拉動力。

To expand individual consumption, we should enhance people's ability to consume, keep their consumption expectations stable, boost their desire to consume, improve the consumption environment and make economic growth more consumption-driven.現階段，投資在促進經濟增長中的作用不可低估。

In the current stage, the role investment plays in promoting economic growth cannot be underestimated.我國既有投資能力，又有投資需求，關鍵在于選準方向、優化結構、提高投資的質量和效益。

China has both investment capability and investment demand, but the key is to make investment in the needed sectors, optimize the structure of investment, and improve its performance and returns.政府投資對社會投資具有十分重要的導向作用，但占全社會投資的比重越來越小，必須進一步放寬民間投資市場準入，激發民間投資活力。

Governmental investment is important in guiding non-governmental investment, but its share of the country's total investment is decreasing, so we must further relax controls over market access for nongovernmental investment and stimulate it.要大力推進轉變經濟發展方式，加快產業結構調整。

We should energetically change the growth model and speed up structural adjustment of industry.我國生產力發展水平具有多層次性，回旋余地很大，無論傳統產業還是新興產業、勞動密集型產業還是資金密集型產業，都有發展的空間，China's productive forces develop on multiple levels, which gives us plenty of room to maneuver.Industries, whether traditional or emerging, labor-intensive or capital-intensive, all have room for development.重要的是優化資源配置和產業布局，解決產能過剩、核心技術缺乏、產品附加值低的問題，解決低水平重復建設和地區產業結構趨同的問題。

The important task is to optimize resources allocation and industrial distribution, and solve the following problems: excess production capacity, the lack of core technology, products with low value-added, low-level and redundant industrial projects, and different regions having similar industrial structures.必須加快改造提升傳統產業，大力發展高新技術產業，提高產品質量和市場競爭力。

We must accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, energetically develop new-and high-tech industries, and raise product quality and competitiveness.要加強政策引導，鼓勵企業跨行業跨區域跨所有制兼并重組，利用市場倒逼機制促進優勝劣汰。

We should strengthen policy guidance;encourage enterprise acquisitions and reorganizations across industries, regions and forms of ownership;and allow market forces to determine enterprises' success or failure.以擴大國內市場應用、重要關鍵技術攻關為重點，推動戰略性新興產業健康發展。We should promote sound development of strategic emerging industries, with the focus on expanding their share in the domestic market and making breakthroughs in major and key technologies.積極推動信息化和工業化融合，加快建設新一代信息基礎設施，促進信息網絡技術廣泛應用。

We should promote the integration of IT application and industrialization, more quickly build next-generation information and communication infrastructure, and spread the use of information network technology.堅持生產性服務業和生活性服務業并重，現代服務業和傳統服務業并舉，進一步發展壯大服務業。

We should develop and expand the service sector, and attach equal importance to producer and consumer service industries and to modern and traditional service industries.要順應人民群眾對美好生活環境的期待，大力加強生態文明建設和環境保護。生態環境關系人民福祉，關乎子孫后代和民族未來。

In response to people's expectations of having a good living environment, we should greatly strengthen ecological improvement and environmental protection.The state of the ecological environment affects the level of people's well-being and also posterity and the future of our nation.要堅持節約資源和保護環境的基本國策，著力推進綠色發展、循環發展、低碳發展。

We should adhere to the basic state policy of conserving resources and protecting the environment and endeavor to promote green, circular, and low-carbon development.大力推進能源資源節約和循環利用，重點抓好工業、交通、建筑、公共機構等領域節能，控制能源消費總量，降低能耗、物耗和二氧化碳排放強度。

We should greatly boost the conservation and reuse of energy and resources, give priority to saving energy in industry, transportation and construction and in public institutions, restrict total energy consumption, and reduce energy and materials consumption and carbon dioxide emissions.要加快調整經濟結構和布局，抓緊完善標準、制度和法規體系，We should speed up adjusting the economic structure and distribution and upgrading related standards, practices, and laws and regulations.采取切實的防治污染措施，促進生產方式和生活方式的轉變，We should adopt effective measures to prevent and control pollution and change the way we work and live.下決心解決好關系群眾切身利益的大氣、水、土壤等突出環境污染問題，改善環境質量，維護人民健康，用實際行動讓人民看到希望。

We should resolve to solve the problems of serious air, water, and soil pollution that affect the people's vital interests;improve environmental quality, and safeguard people's health, and give the people hope through our concrete action.要做好氣象、地質、地震等方面工作，提高防災減災能力。

We should do our meteorological, geological and seismic work well and become better able to prevent and mitigate natural disasters.優化國土空間開發格局，合理控制開發強度，調整空間結構。

We should optimize development of the country's territory, carry out development at a proper pace and adjust its spatial layout.加強海洋綜合管理，發展海洋經濟，提高海洋資源開發能力，保護海洋生態環境，維護國家海洋權益。

We should strengthen comprehensive marine management, develop the marine economy, become better able to exploit marine resources, protect the marine ecological environment, and safeguard China's maritime rights and interests.要繼續深入實施區域發展總體戰略，促進區域經濟協調發展。

We should continue to fully implement the master strategy for regional development and promote balanced development between regions.充分發揮各地比較優勢，統籌規劃、分類指導，We should make full use of the comparative strengths of each region, make plans comprehensively and give guidance tailored to different circumstances.優先推進西部大開發，全面振興東北地區等老工業基地，大力促進中部地區崛起，積極支持東部地區率先發展，We should give high priority to large-scale development of the western region, fully revitalize the old industrial bases in northeast China, spur the rise of the central region, and support the eastern region in taking the lead in development.加大對革命老區、民族地區、邊疆地區、貧困地區扶持力度，深入推進集中連片特殊困難地區扶貧攻堅。

We should increase support for old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poor areas and alleviate poverty in contiguous areas with acute difficulties.（二）強化農業農村發展基礎，推動城鄉發展一體化。

2.Strengthening the foundation for agriculture and rural development and promoting integrated urban and rural development

近些年是我國農業發展最快、農村面貌變化最大、農民得到實惠最多的時期。In recent years, China's agriculture has developed faster, its rural areas have undergone more significant changes, and its rural residents have received more tangible benefits than in another period.當前，農業農村發展進入一個新階段，呈現出農業生產綜合成本上升、農產品供求結構性矛盾突出、農村社會結構深刻變動、城鄉發展加快融合的態勢，Agriculture and rural development in China have now entered a new stage in which overall agricultural production costs are rising, structural problems in the supply and demand of agricultural products are worsening, the rural social structure is undergoing profound changes, and integration of urban and rural development is speeding up.全面建成小康社會的重點難點仍然在農村。

All the major and difficult problems that we face in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects are in rural areas.必須堅持把解決好“三農”問題作為全部工作的重中之重，這是歷史經驗的科學總結，既管當前，也管長遠，是長期指導思想。

We must make solving issues relating to agriculture, rural areas and farmers the number one priority in all our work.This is a scientific conclusion drawn from our historical experience and a long-term guiding principle applicable to both the present and the future.農村土地制度關乎農村的根本穩定，也關乎中國的長遠發展，其核心是要保障農民的財產權益，底線是嚴守18億畝耕地紅線。

The rural land system is central to maintaining rural' stability and ensuring China's long-term development.Its main purpose is to guarantee farmers' property rights and interests, and its main objective is to ensure that China's farmland remains at or above the red line of 120 million hectares.要堅持以家庭承包經營為基礎，支持發展多種形式新型農民合作組織和多層次的農業社會化服務組織，逐步構建集約化、專業化、組織化、社會化相結合的新型農業經營體系，We should continue to make household contracts the basis of rural operations, support the development of new farmers' cooperatives of various forms and multilevel commercial organizations that provide agricultural services, and gradually establish a new type of system of intensive agricultural operations that are specialized, well organized and commercialized.始終注重保護法律賦予農民的財產權利，調動農民積極性。

We should always protect farmers' legitimate property rights and keep them motivated.毫不放松糧食生產，建設高標準基本農田，推廣先進技術，增強農業綜合生產能力，保障糧食和重要農產品的有效供給。

We should always give high priority to grain production, develop high-yield basic farmland, spread advanced technologies, increase overall agricultural production capacity, and effectively ensure the supply of grain and other important agricultural products.要繼續加大“三農”投入，加強農村基礎設施建設和基本公共服務體系建設，推動城鄉發展一體化，We should continue to increase spending on agriculture, rural areas and farmers;improve infrastructure and basic public services in rural areas;and promote integration of urban and rural development.形成以工促農、以城帶鄉、工農互惠、城鄉一體的新型工農、城鄉關系。

We should build a new type of relations between industry and agriculture and between urban and rural areas in which industry promotes agriculture, urban areas support rural development, industry and agriculture reinforce each other, and urban development and rural development are integrated.要采取有效措施，穩定農業生產經營隊伍，積極培育新型農民。

We should take effective measures to keep the agricultural workforce stable and train a new type of farmers.城鎮化是我國現代化建設的歷史任務，與農業現代化相輔相成。

Urbanization is a historical task in China's modernization drive, and urbanization and agricultural modernization complement each other.要遵循城鎮化的客觀規律，積極穩妥推動城鎮化健康發展。

We should conform to the objective law of urbanization and carry it out actively yet prudently.堅持科學規劃、合理布局、城鄉統籌、節約用地、因地制宜、提高質量。

We should promote sound development of urbanization by making plans scientifically, balancing geographical distribution, coordinating urban and rural development, using land economically, and tailoring measures to local conditions.特大城市和大城市要合理控制規模，充分發揮輻射帶動作用；

Megacities and large cities should be kept at an appropriate scale and fully play their role in driving the development of their surrounding areas.中小城市和小城鎮要增強產業發展、公共服務、吸納就業、人口集聚功能。Small and medium-sized cities and small towns should become better able to develop industries, provide public services, create jobs, and attract residents.加快推進戶籍制度、社會管理體制和相關制度改革，有序推進農業轉移人口市民化，逐步實現城鎮基本公共服務覆蓋常住人口，為人們自由遷徙、安居樂業創造公平的制度環境。

We should accelerate reform of the household registration system, the social management system and related institutions;register eligible rural workers as permanent urban residents in an orderly manner;progressively expand the coverage of basic public services in urban areas to all their permanent residents;and create an equitable institutional environment for freedom of movement and for people to live and work in contentment.村莊建設要注意保持鄉村風貌，營造宜居環境，使城鎮化和新農村建設良性互動。In improving village conditions, we should preserve their distinctive rural flavor, make their environment more livable, and ensure that urbanization and the building of a new countryside reinforce each other.三）以保障和改善民生為重點，全面提高人民物質文化生活水平。

3.Giving high priority to ensuring and improving people s wellbeing and comprehensively improving their material and cultural lives

2003年抗擊突如其來的非典疫情給我們的重要啟示之一，就是要統籌經濟社會發展。這些年我們在發展經濟的同時，更加重視保障改善民生和發展社會事業，政府工作力度之大、財政投入資金之多前所未有。

An important lesson we learned in our response to the sudden outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS)in 2003 is that economic development and social development need to be coordinated.In developing the economy in the years since then, we have placed greater importance on ensuring and improving people's well-being and developing social programs, and the government has made greater efforts and provided more funding in this area than ever before.經過不懈努力，我國經濟社會發展的協調性明顯增強。

These unremitting efforts have resulted in much better coordination of China's economic and social development.當前社會結構、社會組織形式、社會利益格局發生深刻變化，社會矛盾明顯增多。These unremitting efforts have resulted in much better coordination of China's economic and social development.我們必須把保障和改善民生作為政府一切工作的出發點和落腳點，放在更加突出的位置，著力加強社會建設。

We must make ensuring and improving people's well-being the starting point and goal of all the government's work, give higher priority to it, and strive to strengthen social development.千方百計擴大就業。堅持實施就業優先戰略和更加積極的就業政策，We should do all we can to increase employment.We should persevere in implementing the strategy of giving top priority to employment and adopt a more proactive employment policy.通過穩定經濟增長和調整經濟結構增加就業崗位，加強職業技能培訓，提高勞動者就業創業能力，We should create more jobs by maintaining stable economic growth and adjusting the economic structure and provide better vocational skills training to help people to find jobs of start their own businesses.加大投入和政策支持，完善就業服務體系，鼓勵創業帶動就業，做好重點人群就業工作，促進城鄉居民收入持續穩定增長。

We should increase government spending and policy support, improve the employment services system, stimulate employment by encouraging business start-ups, assist target groups in finding jobs, and stimulate sustained, steady increases in urban and rural incomes.完善社會保障制度。堅持全覆蓋、保基本、多層次、可持續方針，We should improve the social security system.We should continue to follow the policy of making coverage universal, ensuring basic care, and providing multilevel and sustainable social security.不斷擴大社會保障覆蓋面，提高統籌層次和保障水平，加強各項制度的完善和銜接，增強公平性，適應流動性，保證可持續性。

We should expand the coverage of social security, turn over the overall management of social security accounts to higher-level authorities, raise social security benefits, improve and coordinate all social security programs, make social security more equitable and sustainable, and facilitate the smooth transfer of social security accounts between localities.今年企業退休人員基本養老金繼續提高10%，城鄉低保和優撫對象補助標準也進一步提高。

This year, basic old-age pensions for enterprise retirees should be raised by another 10%, and subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents and subsidies for entitled groups should also be further raised.要加大對社會養老服務體系和兒童福利機構建設的支持力度。

Greater support should be given to developing child welfare agencies and the system of social services for the elderly.深化醫藥衛生事業改革發展。鞏固完善基本藥物制度和基層醫療衛生機構運行新機制，加快公立醫院改革，鼓勵社會辦醫。

We should advance reform and development of medical and health care services, consolidate and improve the system for using basic drugs and the new operating mechanisms of community-level medical and health care institutions, speed up the reform of public hospitals, and encourage non-governmental bodies to operate hospitals.扶持中醫藥和民族醫藥事業發展。

We should support development of traditional Chinese medicine and ethnic minority medicine.健全全民醫保體系，建立重特大疾病保障和救助機制，全面開展兒童白血病等20種重大疾病保障試點工作。

We should improve the universal medical insurance system, establish a mechanism to provide insurance and aid for treating major and very serious diseases, and conduct a pilot project to insure against childhood leukemia and 20 other serious diseases.今年新農合和城鎮居民基本醫療保險財政補助標準由每人每年240元提高到280元，人均基本公共衛生服務經費標準由25元提高到30元。

This year, annual government subsidies for the new rural cooperative medical care system and basic medical insurance for non-working urban residents should be raised from 240 yuan to 280 yuan per person respectively, and the per person payment standard for basic public health services should be increased from 25 yuan to 30 yuan.逐步完善人口政策。堅持計劃生育基本國策，適應我國人口總量和結構變動趨勢，統籌解決好人口數量、素質、結構和分布問題，促進人口長期均衡發展。

We should progressively improve the government population policy.We should adhere to the basic state policy on family planning.In response to changes in the size and structure of China's total population, we should comprehensively solve problems relating to the size, health, structure and geographical distribution of the population and promote long-term, balanced population development.重視發展老齡事業，切實保障婦女和未成年人權益，關心和支持殘疾人事業。We should boost the development of elderly services, protect the rights and interests of women and minors, and take an interest in and support programs that benefit people with disabilities.加強和創新社會管理。改進政府提供公共服務方式，加強基層社會管理和服務體系建設，完善村民自治、城市居民自治制度，保證人民群眾依法直接行使民主權利，管理基層公共事務和公益事業。

We should strengthen and make innovations in social management.We should improve the way the government provides public services, strengthen the system of social management and services at the community level, and improve self-governance by villagers and urban residents, to ensure that the people directly exercise their democratic rights in accordance with the law by managing community-level public affairs and running public service programs.改革社會組織管理體制，引導社會組織健康有序發展。

We should reform the management system for social organizations, and guide their sound and orderly development.建立健全維護群眾權益機制，完善人民調解、行政調解、司法調解聯動的工作體系，健全法律援助制度，推動涉法涉訴信訪工作改革，We should establish a sound mechanism for safeguarding people's rights and interests;improve the integrated system of mediation by the people, administrative mediation and judicial mediation;strengthen the system of legal assistance;and carry out reform of the handling of people's complaints about legal and litigation-related issues.暢通和規范群眾訴求表達、利益協調、權益保障渠道，We should maintain open and regular channels for people to voice their demands, and we should coordinate the people's interests and protect their rights and interests.健全重大決策社會穩定風險評估和突發事件應急管理機制，維護社會公共安全，促進社會和諧穩定。

We should improve the mechanism for assessing potential risks major policy decisions may pose to social stability and the emergency response mechanism.The purpose of all this work is to preserve law and order and promote social harmony and stability.食品藥品安全是人們關注的突出問題，要改革和健全食品藥品安全監管體制，加強綜合協調聯動，Food and drug safety is a prominent issue of widespread concern.We should reform and improve mechanisms for overseeing and supervising food and drug safety and strengthen overall coordination.落實企業主體責任，嚴格從生產源頭到消費的全程監管，加快形成符合國情、科學合理的食品藥品安全體系，提升食品藥品安全保障水平。

We should require enterprises to assume primary responsibility for safety, exercise strict oversight and supervision throughout the whole process from production to consumption, and move faster to establish a scientific and effective food and drug safety system that suits China's national conditions so as to better ensure food and drug safety.強化公共安全體系和企業安全生產基礎建設，遏制重特大安全事故。

We should strengthen the public safety system and improve workplace safety conditions to prevent accidents, especially major and very serious ones.加強房地產市場調控和保障性安居工程建設。堅決抑制投機、投資性需求，抓緊完善穩定房價工作責任制和房地產市場調控政策體系，健全房地產市場穩定健康發展長效機制。

We should tighten regulation of the real estate market and strengthen construction of government-subsidized housing.We need to firmly rein in speculative and investment-driven housing demand, promptly improve the accountability system for stabilizing housing prices and the policies for regulating the real estate market, and strengthen mechanisms for sustaining its steady and sound development.繼續抓好保障性安居工程建設和管理，讓老百姓住上放心房、滿意房。

We should continue to build and manage government-subsidized housing for the people so they have housing they are satisfied with.今年城鎮保障性住房基本建成470萬套、新開工630萬套，繼續推進農村危房改造。This year, 4.7 million government-subsidized urban housing units should be basically completed, construction of another 6.3 million units should begin, and renovation of dilapidated rural houses should continue.教育和科技在現代化建設中具有基礎性、先導性、全局性作用，文化是民族的血脈和人民的精神家園，必須放在更加重要的戰略位置。

Education, science and technology playa fundamental, guiding and global role in the country's modernization drive, and culture is essential for the long-term vitality of a nation and gives the people a sense of belonging.They must therefore occupy a position of greater strategic importance.繼續推進教育優先發展。目前我國財政性教育經費支出總額已經超過2萬億元，今后還要繼續增加，必須把這些錢用好，讓人民滿意。

We should continue to give top priority to developing education.China's annual government expenditures on education already exceed two trillion yuan and should continue to increase.We must make good use of such funding to the satisfaction of the people.要進一步深化教育綜合改革，切實解決社會普遍關注的重大問題。

We need to deepen comprehensive education reform and effectively solve major issues of public concern.著力推動義務教育均衡發展，加快發展現代職業教育，提高各級各類教育質量，進一步促進教育公平，為國家發展提供強大的人力資源支撐。

We should boost balanced development of compulsory education, accelerate development of modem vocational education and raise the quality of education of all types and at all levels.This should help make education more equitable and provide strong human resources support for China's development.深化科技體制改革。推動科技與經濟緊密結合，著力構建以企業為主體、市場為導向、產學研相結合的技術創新體系。

We should deepen reform of the management system for science and technology.We should integrate science and technology more closely with the economy, and establish a technological innovation system that is based on enterprises, guided by the market, and integrates enterprises, universities and research institutes.

第三篇：溫家寶總理2012政府工作報告全文(雙語對照)

溫家寶總理2012政府工作報告全文（雙語對照）

政 府 工 作 報 告

——2012年3月5日在第十一屆全國人民代表大會第五次會議上 國務院總理 溫家寶

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT Delivered at the Fifth Session of the Eleventh National People's Congress on March 5, 2012

Wen Jiabao

Premier of the State Council 各位代表： 現在，我代表國務院，向大會報告政府工作，請各位代表審議，并請全國政協委員提出意見。Fellow Deputies, On behalf of the State Council, I now present to you my report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval and for comments and suggestions from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC).一、2011年工作回顧 I.Review of Work in 2011 過去的一年，面對復雜多變的國際政治經濟環境和艱巨繁重的國內改革發展任務，全國各族人民在中國共產黨領導下，同心同德，團結奮進，改革開放和社會主義現代化建設取得新的重大成就。國內生產總值47．2萬億元，比上年增長9．2%；公共財政收入10．37萬億元，增長24．8%；糧食產量57121萬噸，再創歷史新高；城鎮新增就業1221萬人，城鎮居民人均可支配收入和農村居民人均純收入實際增長8．4%和11．4%。我們鞏固和擴大了應對國際金融危機沖擊成果，實現了“十二五”時期良好開局。

Last year, China faced a complex and volatile political and economic environment abroad and arduous and challenging reform and development tasks at home.Working hard with one heart and one mind under the leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC), the Chinese people of all ethnic groups made significant achievements in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.China's GDP reached 47.2 trillion yuan, an increase of 9.2% over the previous year;government revenue was 10.37 trillion yuan, an increase of 24.8%;and the country's grain output reached a record high of 571.21 million tons.A total of 12.21 million new urban jobs were created.The per capita disposable income of urban residents and the per capita net income of rural residents rose in real terms by 8.4% and 11.4%, respectively.We consolidated and built upon our achievements in responding to the global financial crisis, and got the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period off to a good start.一年來，我們主要做了以下工作：

We accomplished the following in our work last year.（一）加強和改善宏觀調控，遏制物價過快上漲，實現經濟平穩較快發展。

1.Strengthening and improving macro-control, preventing fast price rises, and achieving steady and robust economic development

我們實施積極的財政政策和穩健的貨幣政策，堅持正確處理保持經濟平穩較快發展、調整經濟結構和管理通脹預期的關系，更加注重把握好政策實施的重點、力度和節奏，努力做到調控審慎靈活、適時適度，不斷提高政策的針對性、靈活性和前瞻性。在全球通脹預期不斷增強，國際市場大宗商品價格高位波動，國內要素成本明顯上升，部分農產品供給偏緊的嚴峻形勢下，我們把穩定物價總水平作為宏觀調控的首要任務，堅持綜合施策，合理運用貨幣政策工具，調節貨幣信貸增速，大力發展生產，保障供給，搞活流通，加強監管，居民消費價格指數、工業生產者出廠價格指數漲幅從8月份起逐月回落，扭轉了一度過快上漲勢頭。下半年，世界經濟不穩定性不確定性上升，國內經濟運行出現一些新情況新問題，我們一方面堅持宏觀調控的基本取向不變，保持宏觀經濟政策基本穩定，繼續控制通貨膨脹；一方面適時適度預調微調，加強信貸政策與產業政策的協調配合，加大結構性減稅力度，重點支持實體經濟特別是小型微型企業，重點支持民生工程特別是保障性安居工程，重點保證國家重大在建、續建項目的資金需要，有針對性地解決經濟運行中的突出矛盾。我們堅定不移地加強房地產市場調控，確保調控政策落到實處、見到實效。投機、投資性需求得到明顯抑制，多數城市房價環比下降，調控效果正在顯現。我們高度重視防范和化解財政金融領域的潛在風險隱患，及時對地方政府性債務進行全面審計，摸清了多年形成的地方政府性債務的總規模、形成原因、償還時限和區域分布。這些債務在經濟社會發展中發揮了積極作用，形成了大量優質資產；也存在一些風險隱患，特別是部分償債能力較弱地區存在局部性風險。我們認真開展債務清理整頓和規范工作，嚴格控制增量，積極穩妥解決債務償還和在建項目后續融資問題。目前，我國政府性債務水平是可控的、安全的。總的看，我國國民經濟繼續朝著宏觀調控預期方向發展，抗風險能力不斷增強，呈現增長較快、價格趨穩、效益較好、民生改善的良好態勢。

We followed a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, and maintained a balance between ensuring steady and robust economic development, adjusting the economic structure, and managing inflation expectations.We paid greater attention to implementing policies with the proper focus, force, and pace;conducted prudent and flexible macro-control on a moderate scale and in a timely fashion;and constantly made our policies more targeted, flexible, and forward-looking.Amid worsening inflation expectations worldwide, fluctuating and high prices of major commodities on the world market, significantly higher costs of factors of production at home, and a shortage of some agricultural products, we made ensuring general price stability our top priority in macro-control, pursued policies in an integrated way, rationally used monetary policy tools to regulate the supplies of money and credit, vigorously developed production to ensure supply, boosted distribution, and strengthened supervision.As a result, increases in the consumer price index(CPI)and the producer price index(PPI)began falling in August, thus reversing the trend of rapid inflation.In the second half of the year, when the global economy faced greater instability and uncertainty and when new developments and problems occurred in China's economy, we kept the basic orientation of macro-control unchanged, maintained the basic continuity of our macroeconomic policies, and continued to curb inflation.In addition, we carried out timely and appropriate anticipatory adjustments and fine-tuning, strengthened coordination between credit and industrial policies, and increased structural tax reductions.We focused on supporting the real economy, especially small and micro businesses;improving the people's wellbeing, especially by building low-income housing projects;and ensuring funding for key projects that are under construction or expansion.These well-targeted measures were taken to solve major economic problems.We steadfastly tightened regulation of the real estate market and ensured that control policies were fully carried out and achieved real progress.Consequently, speculative or investment-driven housing demand has been significantly curbed, housing prices in most Chinese cities have fallen month on month, and the results of our control measures are beginning to show.We attached great importance to guarding against and eliminating latent risks which exist in the banking and public finance sectors.We fully audited local government debt in a timely manner, and obtained a clear picture of the total amount, due dates, geographic distribution, and causes of the debts local governments incurred over the years.These debts have played a positive role in promoting economic and social development and produced a large amount of quality assets.However, they also contained risks and hidden dangers, and some localities with poor ability to pay their debts were at risk of default.We sorted out and standardized these debts, imposed a cap on their increase, and actively yet prudently solved problems related to the repayment of such debts and additional funding for ongoing projects.Government debt in China now is at a controllable and secure level.China's economy as a whole continues to grow as we anticipated in our exercise of macro-controls and has become more resilient.Economic growth is robust, prices are stabilizing, economic returns are good, and the people's wellbeing is improving.（二）加快轉變經濟發展方式，提高發展的協調性和產業的競爭力。

2.Accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development and making development more coordinated and industries more competitive.我們堅持有扶有控，促進結構調整和優化升級，增強發展后勁。

We supported development in some areas while limiting growth in others, and carried out economic structural adjustments and upgrading to increase the sustainability of development.鞏固和加強農業基礎。全面落實強農惠農富農政策，加大農業生產補貼力度，穩步提高糧食最低收購價，加強以農田水利為重點的農業農村基礎設施建設，開展農村土地整治，加強農業科技服務和抗災減災，中央財政“三農”支出超過1萬億元，比上年增加1839億元。農業全面豐收，糧食總產量實現了歷史罕見的“八連增”，連續5年超萬億斤，標志著我國糧食綜合生產能力穩定躍上新臺階。繼續推進農村危房改造，解決了6398萬農村人口的飲水安全和60萬無電地區人口的用電問題，農村生產生活條件進一步改善。

We consolidated and strengthened the agricultural foundation.We fully implemented the policy of strengthening agriculture, benefitting farmers, and enriching rural areas.We increased subsidies for agricultural production, and the minimum purchase price for grain rose steadily.We strengthened agricultural and rural infrastructure, with priority given to irrigation and water conservancy projects, improved rural land, increased scientific and technological services for agriculture, and improved our ability to respond to and mitigate natural disasters.Central government spending on agriculture, rural areas and farmers exceeded one trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 183.9 billion yuan.We had a bumper harvest in all sectors of agriculture.China's grain output increased for the eighth consecutive year, which has rarely been seen in history.Grain output in each of the past five years has exceeded 500 million tons, which shows that China's overall grain production capacity has reached a new level.We continued to renovate dilapidated houses in rural areas, ensured the safety of potable water for 63.98 million additional rural residents, delivered electricity to 600,000 people in areas that had no power supply, and further improved rural working and living conditions.加快產業結構優化升級。大力培育戰略性新興產業，新能源、新材料、生物醫藥、高端裝備制造、新能源汽車快速發展，三網融合、云計算、物聯網試點示范工作步伐加快。企業兼并重組取得新進展。支持重點產業振興和技術改造，中央預算投資安排150億元，支持4000多個項目，帶動總投資3000億元。加快發展信息咨詢、電子商務等現代服務業，新興服務領域不斷拓寬。交通運輸產業快速發展，經濟社會發展的基礎進一步夯實。

We accelerated the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure.We energetically fostered strategic emerging industries and accelerated development of new energy, new materials, biomedicines, high-end equipment manufacturing and new-energy vehicles, and we sped up pilot projects and demonstrations for integrating the telecommunications network, the radio and television broadcasting network, and the Internet, along with the development of cloud computing and the Internet of Things.We made progress in enterprise mergers and reorganizations.We allocated 15 billion yuan from the central government budget to support more than 4,000 projects to boost key industries and upgrade their technologies.This seed capital attracted a total investment of 300 billion yuan.We accelerated the development of information consulting, e-commerce and other modern service industries, and expanded new service areas.The transportation industry developed quickly, thereby further strengthening the foundation for China's economic and social development.推進節能減排和生態環境保護。發布實施“十二五”節能減排綜合性工作方案、控制溫室氣體排放工作方案和加強環境保護重點工作的意見。清潔能源發電裝機達到2．9億千瓦，比上年增加3356萬千瓦。加強重點節能環保工程建設，新增城鎮污水日處理能力1100萬噸，5000多萬千瓦新增燃煤發電機組全部安裝脫硫設施。加大對高耗能、高排放和產能過剩行業的調控力度，淘汰落后的水泥產能1．5億噸、煉鐵產能3122萬噸、焦炭產能1925萬噸。實施天然林保護二期工程并提高補助標準，實行草原生態保護獎補政策，開展湖泊生態環境保護試點。植樹造林9200多萬畝。

We made progress in conserving energy, reducing emissions, and protecting the ecological environment.We adopted and implemented the Comprehensive Work Plan for Conserving Energy and Reducing Emissions and the Work Plan for Controlling Greenhouse Gas Emissions for the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, and the Guidelines on Strengthening Key Environmental Protection Tasks.The installed power capacity using clean energy reached 290 million kW, an increase of 33.56 million kW over the previous year.We strengthened the development of major energy conservation and environmental protection projects.We increased daily sewage treatment capacity by 11 million tons in urban areas, and installed desulphurization systems on all new coal-fired power-generating units with a total capacity of over 50 million kW.We tightened controls over industries that are energy intensive, have high emissions or possess excess production capacity, and closed down outdated production facilities whose production capacity amounted to 150 million tons of cement, 31.22 million tons of iron, and 19.25 million tons of coke.We implemented the second phase of the project to protect virgin forests and raised related subsidies, carried out the policy of giving rewards and subsidies for grassland ecological conservation, and launched pilot projects to protect the ecological environment of lakes.And we planted 6.13 million hectares of trees.促進區域經濟協調發展。深入實施區域發展總體戰略和全國主體功能區規劃。出臺實施促進西藏、新疆等地區跨越式發展的一系列優惠政策。制定實施新10年農村扶貧開發綱要和興邊富民行動規劃。區域發展協調性進一步增強，中西部和東北地區主要經濟指標增速高于全國平均水平，東部地區產業轉型升級步伐加快。城鎮化率超過50%，這是中國社會結構的一個歷史性變化。勝利完成四川汶川特大地震災后恢復重建任務，積極推進青海玉樹、甘肅舟曲、云南盈江抗災救災和恢復重建工作。

We promoted the balanced development of regional economies.We thoroughly implemented the master strategy for regional development and the national plan for developing functional zones.We introduced preferential policies to promote the leapfrog development of Tibet and Xinjiang;and formulated and implemented a rural poverty alleviation and development program for the next ten years and an action plan to bring prosperity to border areas and the people there.As a result, regional development became better balanced, major economic indicators rose faster in the central and western regions and northeast China than the national average, and the eastern region accelerated industrial transformation and upgrading.China's urbanization level exceeded 50%, marking a historic change in the country's social structure.We completed reconstruction in Wenchuan, Sichuan, which was hit by a massive earthquake in 2008, and made major progress in disaster relief and reconstruction in Yushu, Qinghai;Zhugqu, Gansu;and Yingjiang, Yunnan.（三）大力發展社會事業，促進經濟社會協調發展。各級政府加大對科技、教育、文化、衛生、體育事業的投入，全國財政支出2．82萬億元。

Developing social services and promoting balanced economic and social development.Governments at all levels increased spending on science and technology, education, culture, health, and sports programs, with the total amount reaching 2.82 trillion yuan.持續提升科技創新能力。加強基礎研究和前沿技術研究。實施國家科技重大專項，突破一些關鍵核心技術，填補了多項重大產品和裝備的空白。天宮一號目標飛行器與神舟八號飛船先后成功發射并順利交會對接，成為我國載人航天發展史上新的里程碑。

We continued to enhance China's scientific and technological innovation capabilities.We strengthened basic research and research in cutting-edge technologies.We carried out major national research and development projects, made breakthroughs in a number of core and key technologies, and filled in many gaps in important products and technologies.The Tiangong-1 space module and the Shenzhou-8 spacecraft were launched, and Shenzhou-8 successfully docked with Tiangong-1, marking a new milestone in China's development of manned spaceflights.扎實推進教育公平。深入貫徹落實教育改革和發展規劃綱要。經過25年堅持不懈的努力，全面實現九年制義務教育。免除3000多萬名農村寄宿制學生住宿費，其中1228萬名中西部家庭經濟困難學生享受生活補助。建立起完整的家庭經濟困難學生資助體系。初步解決農民工隨遷子女在城市接受義務教育的問題。推動實施“學前教育三年行動計劃”，提高幼兒入園率。大力發展職業教育。加強中小學教師培訓工作，擴大中小學教師職稱制度改革試點，提高中小學教師隊伍整體素質。首屆免費師范生全部到中小學任教，90%以上在中西部。We made solid progress in making education more equitable.We thoroughly implemented the Plan for Education Reform and Development.Thanks to tireless efforts over the past 25 years, we have fully attained the goals of making nine-year compulsory education universally available and basically eliminating illiteracy among young and middle-aged adults.Over 30 million rural boarding school students were exempted from accommodation expenses, and 12.28 million of them who are from poor families in the central and western regions received living allowances.A comprehensive system for providing aid to students from poor families was put in place.The children of rural migrant workers were generally granted access to compulsory education in cities where they live.A three-year action plan for preschool education was carried out, and the number of children enrolled in preschool increased.We vigorously developed vocational education.We strengthened training of primary and secondary school teachers, expanded trials of reforming the system of conferring professional titles on them, and raised their overall quality.All the graduates of 2011 who received tuition-free education in teachers' colleges and universities went to teach in primary and secondary schools, with over 90% of them working in central and western China.大力加強文化建設。中央財政加大對文化惠民工程的支持，各地對公益性文化事業投入顯著增加。擴大公共文化設施免費開放范圍，服務面逐步拓展。文化體制改革繼續推進，文化產業快速發展。文物保護、非物質文化遺產保護和傳承取得重要進展。大力加強群眾體育設施建設，全民健身活動蓬勃開展，體育事業取得新成績。

We vigorously strengthened development of the cultural sector.The central government increased financial support for cultural programs that benefit the people, and local governments significantly increased spending on nonprofit cultural programs.We increased the number of public cultural facilities open to the public free of charge, and steadily expanded their services.We continued to reform the cultural system, and cultural industries developed rapidly.Major progress was made in protecting cultural relics and in protecting and passing on China's intangible cultural heritage.We put great effort into building public sports facilities, vigorously developed fitness activities across the country, and made new achievements in sports activities.積極穩妥推進醫藥衛生事業改革發展。基本醫療保險覆蓋范圍繼續擴大，13億城鄉居民參保，全民醫保體系初步形成。政策范圍內住院費用報銷比例提高，重大疾病醫療保障病種范圍進一步擴大。各級財政對城鎮居民醫保和新農合的補助標準由每人每年120元提高到200元。國家基本藥物制度在政府辦基層醫療衛生機構實現全覆蓋，基本藥物安全性提高、價格下降。公立醫院改革試點有序進行。基層醫療衛生服務體系基本建成。基本公共衛生服務均等化取得新進展。

We actively yet prudently carried out reform and development of medical and healthcare services.We further expanded coverage of basic medical insurance, so that now 1.3 billion urban and rural residents are covered.A medical insurance system that covers the whole population is emerging.We raised the reimbursement rate for hospitalization expenses covered by relevant policies, and expanded the range of major diseases for which medical treatment is insured.Governments at all levels increased per-person subsidies for the medical insurance for non-working urban residents and the new type of rural cooperative medical care system from 120 yuan per year to 200 yuan per year.We implemented the national system for basic drugs in all community-level medical and health care institutions run by the government, and basic drugs became safer and more affordable.We progressed in an orderly fashion with trials of reforming public hospitals, basically established a community medical and health care service system, and made progress in providing equal access to basic public health services.（四）切實保障和改善民生，解決關系群眾切身利益的問題。我們堅持民生優先，努力使發展成果惠及全體人民，促進社會公平正義。

4.Ensuring and improving the people's wellbeing and solving problems that affect their interests.We continued to put the people's wellbeing first, worked hard to bring the benefit of development to all, and promoted social fairness and justice.實施更加積極的就業政策。多渠道開發就業崗位，全力推動以創業帶動就業，加強職業技能培訓和公共就業服務體系建設。加大財政、稅收、金融等方面支持力度，著力促進高校畢業生、農民工等重點人群就業。高校畢業生初次就業率77．8%，同比提高1．2個百分點。農民工總量2．53億人，比上年增長4．4%，其中，外出農民工1．59億人，增長3．4%。We implemented a more active employment policy.We created jobs through a variety of channels, expanded job opportunities through the creation of new businesses, strengthened vocational skills training, and improved the public employment service system.We increased fiscal, taxation, and financial support to promote employment of university graduates, rural migrant workers, and other key groups.The employment rate for college graduates reached 77.8%, an increase of 1.2 percentage points over the previous year.The number of rural workers totaled 253 million, an increase of 4.4% over the previous year, of whom 159 million worked in towns and cities, up 3.4%.積極調整收入分配關系。著力提高低收入群眾收入。農村居民人均純收入實際增速為1985年以來最高，連續兩年快于城鎮居民；各地普遍較大幅度調高最低工資標準；連續第7年提高企業退休人員基本養老金，全年人均增加1680元，5700多萬人受益；進一步提高城鄉低保補助水平以及部分優撫對象撫恤和生活補助標準，對全國城鄉低保對象、農村五保供養對象等8600多萬名困難群眾發放一次性生活補貼；建立社會救助和保障標準與物價上漲掛鉤的聯動機制。擴大中等收入者所占比重。個人所得稅起征點從2000元提高到3500元。降低900多萬個體工商戶稅負。中央決定將農民人均純收入2300元（2010年不變價）作為新的國家扶貧標準，比2009年提高92%，把更多農村低收入人口納入扶貧范圍，這是社會的巨大進步。

We adjusted income distribution.We worked hard to increase the income of low-income people.Per capita net income of rural residents in real terms registered the fastest growth since 1985, outpacing urban residents for the second straight year.We significantly increased the minimum wage across the country.Basic pensions for enterprise retirees increased for the seventh consecutive year, with an average increase of 1,680 yuan per person for the year, which benefited over 57 million people.We further increased subsistence allowances for rural and urban residents and subsidies and living allowances for some entitled groups, and granted lump-sum living allowances to more than 86 million people in need, including subsistence allowance recipients in urban and rural areas and childless and infirm rural residents who are entitled to five forms of support(food, clothing, medical care, housing, and burial expenses).We instituted a mechanism to increase social aid and social security benefits when consumer prices rise.The proportion of middle-income earners in the whole population increased.We raised the salary threshold for personal income tax from 2,000 yuan to 3,500 yuan.We reduced the tax burden on over nine million self-employed people.The central government set the new poverty line at 2,300 yuan, which was the per capita net income in rural areas at 2010 prices, an increase of 92% over 2009.This resulted in more low-income people being covered by the government's poverty reduction program, which constitutes tremendous social progress.加強社會保障體系建設。社會保障覆蓋范圍繼續擴大，全國參加城鎮基本養老保險、失業保險、工傷保險和生育保險人數大幅增加。2147個縣（市、區）實施城鎮居民社會養老保險試點，1334萬人參保，641萬人領取養老金。2343個縣（市、區）開展新型農村社會養老保險試點，3．58億人參保，9880萬人領取養老金，覆蓋面擴大到60%以上。解決了500多萬名集體企業退休人員養老保障的歷史遺留問題。將312萬名企業“老工傷”人員和工亡職工供養親屬納入工傷保險統籌管理。養老保險跨地區轉移接續工作有序推進。社會保障體系不斷健全，向制度全覆蓋邁出重大步伐，這是推進基本公共服務均等化取得的重要成就。We bolstered the development of the social security system.We continued to expand coverage of social security, and the number of people covered by basic old-age insurance for urban residents, unemployment insurance, workers' compensation and maternity insurance rose substantially nationwide.We carried out trials of old-age insurance for non-working urban residents in 2,147 counties and county-level cities and districts, covering 13.34 million residents, and 6.41 million residents received pensions.We launched trials of a new type of old-age insurance for rural residents in 2,343 counties and county-level cities and districts, covering 358 million people, and 98.8 million people received pensions.We extended coverage of this insurance to more than 60% of China's counties.We solved longstanding problems concerning pensions for more than five million retirees of collectively owned enterprises.We included 3.12 million persons who suffer from past work-related injuries and dependents of employees who lost their lives in work-related accidents in workers' compensation insurance.We worked in an orderly way to make it possible to transfer pension accounts between localities.We continued to improve the social security system and made significant progress in extending coverage to all residents.This was an important achievement for ensuring equal access to basic public services for all.大力推進保障性安居工程建設。出臺關于保障性安居工程建設和管理的指導意見，完善財政投入、土地供應、信貸支持、稅費減免等政策，著力提高規劃建設和工程質量水平，制定保障性住房分配、管理、退出等制度和辦法。中央財政安排資金1713億元，是2010年的2．2倍，全年城鎮保障性住房基本建成432萬套，新開工建設1043萬套。

We accelerated the construction of low-income housing.We adopted guidelines on construction and management of low-income housing;improved policies on government input, land supply, credit support, and tax and fee reductions;strove to improve project planning and construction quality;and introduced a system and measures for distributing, managing, and recalling low-income housing.The central government allocated 171.3 billion yuan for these purposes, an increase of 120% over 2010.We basically completed 4.32 million units of low-income urban housing and began construction on a further 10.43 million units.努力維護社會公共安全。加強安全生產監管，做好重特大安全事故的處置、調查、問責工作。完善食品安全監管體制機制，集中打擊、整治非法添加和違法生產加工行為。堅持以人為本、服務為先，加強和創新社會管理，著力排查化解各類社會矛盾，依法打擊違法犯罪活動，保持社會和諧穩定。

We worked hard to safeguard public safety.We intensified oversight and supervision of workplace safety and ensured that major accidents were fully investigated and dealt with and those responsible were held accountable.We improved the system and mechanisms for oversight and supervision of food safety, and gave high priority to cracking down on the use of illegal additives and the illegal production and processing of food.We put people and services first, strengthened and made innovations in social administration, strove to investigate and resolve social conflicts, cracked down on crime in accordance with the law, and maintained social harmony and stability.（五）深入推進改革開放，為經濟社會發展注入新的活力和動力。我們按照“十二五”規劃提出的改革任務，加大攻堅力度，推動重點領域和關鍵環節的改革。

5.Deepening reform and opening up and injecting new vitality and impetus into economic and social development.We intensified efforts to overcome difficulties and carried forward reform in major areas and key links to meet reform targets set forth in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan.完善公共財政體系特別是預算管理制度，把預算外資金全部納入預算管理，擴大國有資本經營預算實施范圍，深化部門預算改革，推進政府預算、決算公開，98個中央部門和北京、上海、廣東、陜西等省市公開“三公經費”。在全國范圍實施原油、天然氣資源稅從價計征改革，出臺營業稅改征增值稅試點方案。把跨境貿易人民幣結算范圍擴大到全國，啟動境外直接投資人民幣結算試點，開展外商直接投資人民幣結算業務。深化集體林權制度改革，啟動國有林場改革試點，依法開展草原承包經營登記。推進水利建設管理體制改革，創新水資源管理體制。深化國有企業改革。啟動實施電網主輔分離改革重組以及上網電價和非居民用電價格調整方案。基本完成鄉鎮機構改革。事業單位分類改革有序開展。

We improved the public finance system, particularly the budget management system.We put all extrabudgetary funds under budgetary management;expanded the scope of budgets for the use of state capital;deepened the reform requiring government departments to prepare their own budgets;and moved ahead with publicly releasing government budgets and final accounts.Ninety-eight central government departments as well as provincial and municipal governments, including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong and Shaanxi, publicly released information regarding their spending on official overseas trips, official vehicles and official hospitality.We carried out a price-based reform of resource taxes on crude oil and natural gas nationwide, and introduced a plan to replace business tax with value-added tax(VAT)on a trial basis.We extended the use of RMB in cross-border trade settlement to the whole country, launched trials for settling overseas direct investment accounts in RMB, and began settling foreign direct investment accounts in RMB.We deepened reform of tenure in collective forests, launched a trial reform of state forestry farms, and started registration for contracting pastureland in accordance with the law.We pressed ahead with reform of the system for managing the construction of water conservancy facilities and made innovations in the system for managing water resources;and deepened reform of state-owned enterprises.We carried out reform to restructure power grids by separating their main business from auxiliary services and implemented the plan to adjust the prices of on-grid electricity and non-household electricity.We basically completed the reform of county and town government bodies, and proceeded with the reform of public institutions through classification in an orderly manner.我們堅持出口和進口并重，利用外資和對外投資并舉，全面提升開放型經濟水平。積極推進市場多元化戰略，努力優化貿易結構。全年貨物進出口總額3．64萬億美元，增長22．5%，其中，出口增長20．3%，進口增長24．9%，貿易順差進一步下降。實際使用外商直接投資1160億美元，服務業和中西部地區比重提高。企業“走出去”步伐加快，非金融類對外直接投資601億美元。積極參與國際和區域經濟合作，多邊雙邊經貿關系繼續深化。

We continued to put equal emphasis on exports and imports, encouraged foreign investment in China and Chinese investment overseas, and made comprehensive improvements to China's open economy.We actively pursued the strategy of diversifying markets and improved the trade mix.China's total volume of trade in goods totaled US$ 3.64 trillion for the year, up 22.5%.Exports and imports grew by 20.3% and 24.9%, respectively, and our trade surplus decreased further.Total utilized foreign direct investment was $116 billion, and a larger proportion of it went to service industries and the central and western regions.Chinese companies expanded their overseas presence, and non-financial outward direct investment reached $60.1 billion.We actively participated in international and regional economic cooperation and continued to deepen multilateral and bilateral economic and trade relations.我們在民主法制建設、國防和軍隊建設、港澳臺工作和外交工作等方面，都取得了卓有成效的進展。

We made outstanding progress in improving democracy and the legal system;strengthening national defense and building up the armed forces;and in our work related to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and our diplomatic work.過去一年的成績來之不易，顯示了中國特色社會主義的優越性和生命力，增強了中華民族的自豪感和凝聚力。這是以胡錦濤同志為總書記的黨中央科學決策、正確領導的結果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民齊心協力、頑強拼搏的結果。我代表國務院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士，表示誠摯的感謝！向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯的感謝！向關心和支持中國現代化建設的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯的感謝！

Our hard-won achievements over the past year are a testament to the strength and vitality of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and have enhanced the pride and cohesiveness of the Chinese nation.We owe these achievements to the sound decisions made by the Party Central Committee, with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, and its correct leadership, as well as the concerted efforts and hard work of the Party, the armed forces, and the people of all ethnic groups in China.On behalf of the State Council, I wish to sincerely thank the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, the democratic parties, people's organizations, and people from all sectors of society.I wish to express my sincere gratitude to our compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, as well as overseas Chinese.I also wish to express my sincere appreciation to governments of other countries, international organizations, and foreign friends around the world who show understanding for and support China in its pursuit of modernization.我們也清醒地看到，我國經濟社會發展仍然面臨不少困難和挑戰。從國際看，世界經濟復蘇進程艱難曲折，國際金融危機還在發展，一些國家主權債務危機短期內難以緩解。主要發達經濟體失業率居高難下，增長動力不足，新興經濟體面臨通貨膨脹和經濟增速回落的雙重壓力。主要貨幣匯率劇烈波動，大宗商品價格大幅震蕩。國際貿易投資保護主義強化。從國內看，解決體制性結構性矛盾，緩解發展不平衡、不協調、不可持續的問題更為迫切、難度更大，經濟運行中又出現不少新情況新問題。主要是：經濟增長存在下行壓力，物價水平仍處高位，房地產市場調控處于關鍵階段，農業穩定發展、農民持續增收難度加大，就業總量壓力與結構性矛盾并存，一些企業特別是小型微型企業經營困難增多，部分行業產能過剩凸顯，能源消費總量增長過快。一些長期矛盾與短期問題相互交織，結構性因素和周期性因素相互作用，國內問題和國際問題相互關聯，宏觀調控面臨更加復雜的局面。政府工作仍存在一些缺點和不足，節能減排、物價調控目標沒有完成；征地拆遷、安全生產、食品藥品安全、收入分配等方面問題還很突出，群眾反映強烈；政府管理和服務水平有待提高，廉政建設亟需加強。

We are keenly aware that China still faces many difficulties and challenges in economic and social development.Internationally, the road to global economic recovery will be tortuous, the global financial crisis is still evolving, and some countries will find it hard to ease the sovereign debt crisis any time soon.The unemployment rate remains high in the major developed economies, and they lack impetus for growth.Emerging economies face the dual pressures of inflation and slowing economic growth.The exchange rates of major currencies and the prices of important commodities are experiencing sharp fluctuations.Protectionism in international trade and investment is mounting.Domestically, it has become more urgent but also more difficult to solve institutional and structural problems and alleviate the problem of unbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development.In addition, China's economy is encountering new problems.There is downward pressure on economic growth.Prices remain high.Regulation of the real estate market is in a crucial stage.It is getting harder to maintain steady development of agriculture and sustain increases in rural incomes.Pressure to increase total employment coexists with structural shortages of qualified personnel in some industries.Some enterprises, especially small and micro businesses, face increasing difficulties in their operations.Some industries are plagued by excess production capacity.Total energy consumption is growing excessively fast.Moreover, some long-term and short-term problems are interwoven;structural and cyclical factors affect each other;domestic and international problems have become interrelated;and our macro-control work faces a more complex situation.There are still some deficiencies and shortcomings in the government's work.Targets for conserving energy, reducing emissions, and controlling prices are not being met.Problems concerning land expropriation, housing demolition, workplace safety, food and drug safety, and income distribution are still very serious and the people are still very concerned about them.Government administration and services need to be improved, and efforts to build clean government need to be intensified.我們一定要以對國家和人民高度負責的精神，采取更加有力的措施，切實解決存在的問題，努力把各項工作做得更好，決不辜負人民的重托。

We must act with a strong sense of responsibility toward the country and the people, take more effective steps to resolve these problems, strive to do all our work better, and truly live up to the people's expectations.二、2012年工作總體部署

II.Major Steps to Be Taken in Government Work in 2012 今年是“十二五”時期承前啟后的重要一年，也是本屆政府任期的最后一年。我們要恪盡職守、銳意進取、攻堅克難，決不懈怠，交出一份人民滿意的答卷。

This year is an important year of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, and the last year of the term of my government.We must dedicate ourselves to our duties, forge ahead with determination, tackle difficult problems directly, and work diligently to achieve results that satisfy the people.我國發展仍處于重要戰略機遇期，在較長時期內繼續保持經濟平穩較快發展具備不少有利條件。工業化、城鎮化和農業現代化快速推進，消費結構和產業結構升級蘊藏著巨大的需求潛力；經過30多年改革開放，我國發展建立了良好的物質基礎和體制條件，宏觀調控經驗不斷豐富，企業競爭力和抗風險能力明顯提高；東部地區創新發展能力增強，中西部地區和東北等老工業基地發展潛力不斷釋放；經濟發展的傳統優勢依然存在，勞動力資源豐富、素質提高；財政收支狀況良好，金融體系運行穩健，社會資金比較充裕。世界經濟政治格局正在發生深刻變化，和平、發展、合作仍然是時代潮流，總體上有利于我國和平發展。我們要堅定信心，善于運用有利條件和積極因素，繼續抓住和用好重要戰略機遇期，推動經濟平穩較快發展，不斷增強我國的綜合國力和國際影響力。

We are still in an important period of strategic opportunities for China's development, and there are a number of favorable conditions for us to maintain steady and robust economic development for a long time.Industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization are proceeding rapidly, and improvements in the consumption pattern and the industrial structure will create huge potential demand.In the course of over 30 years of reform and opening up, we have built a solid material foundation and institutional conditions for development and gained rich experience in macro-control.Our enterprises have become significantly more competitive and resilient.The eastern region has greater capacity for innovation and development, and the development potential of the central and western regions and the old industrial bases in northeast China is being constantly unleashed.We still have our traditional strengths in economic development, as well as rich human resources and a more skilled workforce.We have a good balance between government revenue and expenditures and a sound financial system, and there is ample nongovernmental capital.The global economic and political patterns are undergoing profound changes;peace, development, and cooperation remain the underlying trends of the times, and overall the situation is favorable for China's peaceful development.We need to have firm confidence, capitalize on favorable conditions and factors, and continue to grasp and make the most of this important period of strategic opportunities to promote steady and robust economic development, and continue to enhance China's overall strength and its international influence.我們要高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導，深入貫徹落實科學發展觀，堅持穩中求進，加強和改善宏觀調控，繼續處理好保持經濟平穩較快發展、調整經濟結構和管理通脹預期的關系，加快推進經濟發展方式轉變和經濟結構調整，著力擴大國內需求特別是消費需求，著力加強自主創新和節能減排，著力深化改革開放，著力保障和改善民生，全面推進社會主義經濟建設、政治建設、文化建設、社會建設以及生態文明建設，努力實現經濟平穩較快發展和物價總水平基本穩定，保持社會和諧穩定，以經濟社會發展的優異成績迎接黨的十八大勝利召開。

We must hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide, thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, make progress while maintaining stability, and strengthen and improve macro-control.We will continue to balance maintaining steady and robust economic development, adjusting the economic structure, and managing inflation expectations;accelerate the transformation of the pattern of economic development and adjustment of the economic structure;vigorously expand domestic demand, particularly consumer demand;make every effort to strengthen innovation, energy conservation, and emissions reduction;and strive to deepen reform and opening up and ensure and improve the people's wellbeing.We will comprehensively advance socialist economic development, political, cultural and social progress, and ecological awareness.We will strive to achieve steady and robust economic development and overall price stability, maintain social harmony and stability, and greet the coming Eighteenth National Congress of the CPC with outstanding achievements in economic and social development.今年經濟社會發展的主要預期目標是：國內生產總值增長7．5%；城鎮新增就業900萬人以上，城鎮登記失業率控制在4．6%以內；居民消費價格漲幅控制在4%左右；進出口總額增長10%左右，國際收支狀況繼續改善。同時，要在產業結構調整、自主創新、節能減排等方面取得新進展，城鄉居民收入實際增長和經濟增長保持同步。這里要著重說明，國內生產總值增長目標略微調低，主要是要與“十二五”規劃目標逐步銜接，引導各方面把工作著力點放到加快轉變經濟發展方式、切實提高經濟發展質量和效益上來，以利于實現更長時期、更高水平、更好質量發展。提出居民消費價格漲幅控制在4%左右，綜合考慮了輸入性通脹因素、要素成本上升影響以及居民承受能力，也為價格改革預留一定空間。

The main targets for this year's economic and social development are as follows: to increase GDP by 7.5%, create more than 9 million new jobs in towns and cities, keep the registered urban unemployment rate at or below 4.6%, hold increases in the CPI to around 4%, increase the volume of total exports and imports by around 10%, and continue to improve our balance of payments.At the same time, we will make further progress in industrial restructuring, innovation, energy conservation, and emissions reduction, and ensure that both urban and rural residents' real incomes increase in line with economic growth.Here I wish to stress that in setting a slightly lower GDP growth rate, we hope to make it fit with targets in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, and to guide people in all sectors to focus their work on accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development and making economic development more sustainable and efficient, so as to achieve higher-level, higher-quality development over a longer period of time.In projecting a CPI increase of around 4%, we have taken into account imported inflation, rising costs of factors of production, and people's ability to absorb the impact of price increases, while leaving room for the effect of price reforms.綜合考慮各方面情況，要繼續實施積極的財政政策和穩健的貨幣政策，根據形勢變化適時適度預調微調，進一步提高政策的針對性、靈活性和前瞻性。

Taking into consideration all relevant factors, we will continue to follow a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, carry out timely and appropriate anticipatory adjustments and fine-tuning, and make our policies more targeted, flexible, and anticipatory.繼續實施積極的財政政策。保持適度的財政赤字和國債規模。今年擬安排財政赤字8000億元，赤字率下降到1．5%左右，其中中央財政赤字5500億元，代發地方債2500億元。優化財政支出結構、突出重點，更加注重向民生領域傾斜，加大對教育、文化、醫療衛生、就業、社會保障、保障性安居工程等方面的投入。更加注重加強薄弱環節，加大對“三農”、欠發達地區、科技創新和節能環保、水利、地質找礦等的支持。更加注重勤儉節約，嚴格控制“三公經費”，大力精簡會議和文件，深化公務用車制度改革，進一步降低行政成本。繼續控制樓堂館所建設規模和標準，壓縮大型運動會場館建設投入。全面加強對重點領域、重點部門和重點資金的審計。實施結構性減稅。認真落實和完善支持小型微型企業和個體工商戶發展的各項稅收優惠政策，開展營業稅改征增值稅試點。繼續對行政事業性收費和政府性基金進行清理、整合和規范。加強地方政府性債務管理和風險防范。按照分類管理、區別對待、逐步化解的原則，繼續妥善處理存量債務。進一步清理規范地方政府融資平臺公司。堅決禁止各級政府以各種形式違規擔保、承諾。同時，把短期應對措施和長期制度建設結合起來，嚴格控制地方政府新增債務，將地方政府債務收支分類納入預算管理。

We will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy.We will keep the deficit and government debt at appropriate levels.This year, we are projecting a deficit of 800 billion yuan, a decrease to around 1.5% of GDP, which consists of a 550 billion yuan central government deficit and 250 billion yuan of bonds issued on behalf of local governments.We will improve the structure of expenditures and give priority to spending in key areas.We will increase spending on areas which are important to the people's wellbeing, such as education, culture, medical and health care, employment, social security, and low-income housing projects.We will pay greater attention to strengthening weak links, and increase funding for agriculture, rural areas, farmers, underdeveloped areas, scientific and technological innovation, energy conservation, environmental protection, water conservancy, and geological prospecting.We will be more economical;strictly restrict spending on official overseas trips, vehicles for official use, and official hospitality;greatly reduce meetings and documents;deepen reform of the system for the use of official cars;and further reduce administrative costs.We will continue to restrict the construction of office buildings in terms of both size and grades, and reduce spending on building large gymnasiums and stadiums.We will also comprehensively strengthen auditing of key areas, sectors, and funds.We will introduce structural tax reductions.We will fully implement and improve all preferential tax policies to support the development of small, micro and individually owned businesses, and carry out pilot projects to replace business tax with VAT.We will continue to investigate the collection and use of administrative fees and operations of government-managed funds, merge them where necessary, and ensure fees are collected and government-managed funds are operated in a standardized way.We will strengthen supervision of local government debt and guard against risks.We will continue to deal with outstanding debts properly by classifying them into different categories and managing them accordingly, dealing with different situations differently, and resolving problems gradually.We will further investigate and standardize financing companies run by local governments.Governments at all levels are prohibited from making guarantees and promises in this respect in violation of laws and regulations.At the same time, we will both take short-term measures and build permanent systems, strictly limit new local government debt, and place revenue and expenditures of local government debt under budgetary management on the basis of their type.繼續實施穩健的貨幣政策。按照總量適度、審慎靈活的要求，兼顧促進經濟平穩較快發展、保持物價穩定和防范金融風險。綜合運用各種貨幣政策工具，調節好貨幣信貸供求，保持社會融資規模合理增長。廣義貨幣預期增長14%。優化信貸結構，支持國家重點在建、續建項目和保障性安居工程建設，加強對符合產業政策、有市場需求的企業特別是小型微型企業的信貸支持，切實降低實體經濟融資成本。繼續嚴格控制對高耗能、高污染和產能過剩行業的貸款。完善人民幣匯率形成機制，增強人民幣匯率雙向浮動彈性，保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上的基本穩定。大力發展外匯市場，豐富外匯產品，為市場主體提供更多的匯率避險工具，管好用好外匯儲備。建立健全系統性金融風險防范和監管協調機制，增強抵御風險能力。加強跨境資本流動監控。規范各類借貸行為，引導民間融資健康發展。

We will continue to implement a prudent monetary policy.We aim to promote steady and robust economic development, keep prices stable, and guard against financial risks by keeping the total money and credit supply at an appropriate level, and taking a cautious yet flexible approach.We will employ a full range of monetary policy tools, appropriately adjust the supply and demand of money and credit, and maintain proper growth of financing from nongovernment sources.The broad money supply is projected to increase by 14%.We will improve the credit structure, support key state projects that are under construction or expansion and low-income housing projects, and increase credit support to enterprises, especially small and micro businesses, whose operations are in accordance with industrial policies and whose products have market demand.We will effectively reduce the financing costs of the real economy, and continue to strictly restrict loans to industries that are energy intensive, have high emissions or possess excess production capacity.We will improve the mechanism for setting the RMB exchange rate, make the floating exchange rate regime more flexible, and keep the RMB exchange rate basically stable at an appropriate and balanced level.We will vigorously develop the foreign exchange market, diversify foreign exchange products, and provide more tools for market participants to hedge foreign exchange risks.We will manage and utilize our foreign exchange reserves well.We will set up a sound mechanism for preventing systemic financial risks and for coordinating financial oversight and supervision to strengthen our ability to withstand risks.We will tighten oversight on cross-border flows of capital, standardize all types of lending activities, and guide the sound development of private financing.全面做好今年的工作，必須堅持突出主題、貫穿主線、統籌兼顧、協調推進，把穩增長、控物價、調結構、惠民生、抓改革、促和諧更好地結合起來。穩增長，就是要堅持擴大內需、穩定外需，大力發展實體經濟，努力克服國內外各種不穩定不確定因素的影響，及時解決苗頭性、傾向性問題，保持經濟平穩運行。控物價，就是要繼續采取綜合措施，保持物價總水平基本穩定，防止價格走勢反彈。調結構，就是要有扶有控，提高經濟增長質量和效益，增強發展的協調性和可持續性。惠民生，就是要堅持把保障改善民生作為工作的根本出發點和落腳點，把促進社會公平正義放在更加突出的位置，切實辦成一些讓人民群眾得實惠的好事實事。抓改革，就是要以更大的決心和氣力推進改革開放，著力解決影響經濟社會長期健康發展的體制性、結構性矛盾，在一些重點領域和關鍵環節取得新突破。以開放促改革、促發展、促創新。促和諧，就是要正確處理改革、發展、穩定三者關系，積極有效化解各種矛盾和風險隱患，防止局部性問題演變成全局性問題，促進社會和諧穩定。

To ensure success in all our work this year, we must uphold the theme of scientific development, take transforming the pattern of economic development as the main thread, adopt a holistic approach, and coordinate all our work.We must coordinate efforts to achieve steady growth, control prices, adjust the economic structure, improve the people's wellbeing, implement reform, and promote harmony.To achieve steady growth, we will continue to expand domestic demand and keep foreign demand stable, vigorously develop the real economy, work hard to counter the impact of various factors of instability and uncertainty at home and abroad, promptly resolve emerging issues that signal unfavorable trends, and maintain stable economic performance.To control prices, we will continue to take comprehensive measures to maintain basic overall price stability and prevent a rebound of inflation.To adjust the economic structure, we will support development in some areas while limiting growth in others, improve the quality and efficiency of economic growth, and make development more coordinated and sustainable.To improve the people's wellbeing, we will continue to take ensuring and improving the people's wellbeing as the fundamental starting point and goal of our work, give higher priority to promoting social fairness and justice, and take a number of initiatives that will bring substantive benefits to the people.To implement reform, we will carry out reform and opening up with greater determination and effort, solve institutional and structural problems that hinder long-term sound economic and social development, and make breakthroughs in key areas and crucial links.We will spur reform, development and innovation through opening up.To promote harmony, we will properly balance reform, development, and stability;effectively defuse various types of conflicts, risks, and dangers;prevent isolated problems from growing into major ones;and promote social harmony and stability.三、2012年主要任務 III.Major Tasks for 2012

（一）促進經濟平穩較快發展

1.Promoting steady and robust economic development 擴大內需特別是消費需求是我國經濟長期平穩較快發展的根本立足點，是今年工作的重點。Expanding domestic demand, particularly consumer demand, which is essential to ensuring China's long-term, steady, and robust economic development, is the focus of our economic work this year.著力擴大消費需求。加快構建擴大消費的長效機制。大力調整收入分配格局，增加中低收入者收入，提高居民消費能力。完善鼓勵居民消費政策。大力發展社會化養老、家政、物業、醫療保健等服務業。鼓勵文化、旅游、健身等消費，落實好帶薪休假制度。積極發展網絡購物等新型消費業態。支持引導環保建材、節水潔具、節能汽車等綠色消費。擴大消費信貸。加強城鄉流通體系和道路、停車場等基礎設施建設。加強產品質量安全監管。改善消費環境，維護消費者合法權益。

We will work hard to expand consumer demand.We will move faster to set up a permanent mechanism for boosting consumption.We will vigorously adjust income distribution, increase the incomes of low-and middle-income groups, and enhance people's ability to consume.We will improve policies that encourage consumption.We will vigorously develop elderly care, domestic, property management, medical and healthcare services.We will encourage consumer spending on cultural activities, tourism, and fitness;and implement the system of paid vacations.We will actively develop new forms of consumption such as online shopping;support and guide the consumption of green goods such as environmentally friendly building materials, water-saving sanitation products, and energy-efficient vehicles;and expand consumer credit.We will improve the urban-rural logistics system and infrastructural facilities, such as roads and parking lots, strengthen supervision over product quality and safety, improve the consumption environment, and safeguard consumers' legitimate rights and interests.不斷優化投資結構。保持投資穩定增長，促進投資和消費良性互動。認真落實《國務院關于鼓勵和引導民間投資健康發展的若干意見》，出臺具有可操作性的實施細則。加強政府投資對結構調整的引領作用，優先保證重點在建、續建項目，有序推進國家重大項目開工建設。把好土地、信貸、節能、環保、安全、質量等準入和審核關，加強對重大項目特別是政府和國有投資項目的監管、督查，提高投資質量和效益。

We will continue to improve the investment structure.We will maintain the steady growth of investment and use investment to promote consumption and vice versa.We will fully implement the Guidelines of the State Council on Encouraging and Guiding the Sound Development of Nongovernmental Investment and adopt specific operating rules for their implementation.We will strengthen the role of government investment in guiding adjustment of the economic structure, ensure funding for key projects that are under construction or expansion, and begin construction on major national projects in an orderly manner.We will tighten standards on market access and the screening and approval process relating to land, credit, energy conservation, environmental protection, safety, and quality;and strengthen supervision and inspections of major projects, particularly those undertaken by governments and state-owned firms, to improve the quality of and returns on such investments.（二）保持物價總水平基本穩定

2.Keeping overall prices basically stable 這是關系群眾利益和經濟社會發展全局的重點工作。要在有效實施宏觀經濟政策、管好貨幣信貸總量、促進社會總供求基本平衡的基礎上，搞好價格調控，防止物價反彈。

This is a key task affecting the people's interests and China's overall economic and social development.We will control prices and prevent inflation from rebounding by effectively carrying out macroeconomic policies, managing the supply of money and credit, and striving for basic equilibrium in aggregate supply and demand.增加生產、保障供給。繼續把抑制食品價格過快上漲作為穩定物價的重點。落實好“米袋子”省長負責制和“菜籃子”市長負責制，保障主要農產品供給。大中城市要有合理的菜地保有量，穩定和提高本地應季蔬菜自給水平，同周邊地區和優勢產區協作建設“菜籃子”產品基地。加強重要商品產運銷銜接，完善政府儲備和商業儲備體系，做好主要農產品收儲和投放，增強市場調控能力。

We will increase production and ensure supply.We will continue to make curbing excessive rises in food prices a priority of stabilizing prices.We will effectively carry out the practice of holding provincial governors responsible for the “rice bag”(grain supply)and city mayors for the “vegetable basket”(non-grain food supply)and ensure the supply of major farm products.Large and medium-sized cities should have sufficient farmland for growing vegetables, maintain and raise the proportion of seasonal vegetables sold there that are grown locally, and develop vegetable production bases in collaboration with neighboring areas and areas with suitable conditions.We will strengthen coordination of the production, transportation, and sale of important commodities;improve systems of government reserves and commercial reserves;do a good job purchasing, storing and marketing major agricultural products;and regulate the market better.搞活流通、降低成本。嚴格執行蔬菜等鮮活農產品運輸綠色通道政策。認真落實對農產品批發市場、集貿市場、社區平價菜店等的扶持政策，鼓勵城市連鎖超市、高校、大型企業、社區與農產品流通企業、專業合作社、種養大戶對接，減少流通環節，增加零售網點，充分發揮流通主渠道作用。深化流通體制改革。擴大物流企業營業稅差額納稅試點范圍，完善大宗商品倉儲設施用地稅收政策。調整完善部分農產品批發、零售增值稅政策，推動流通標準化、信息化建設。要多管齊下，切實把流通效率提上去、中間成本降下來，真正讓生產者和消費者都得到好處。

We will improve distribution and reduce distribution costs.We will ensure that the green channel policy for transporting vegetables and other fresh farm products is fully implemented.We will carry out policies to support wholesale agricultural product markets, market fairs, and community-based, low-priced vegetable stores.We will encourage urban chain supermarkets, universities, large enterprises, and communities to establish direct supply contacts with farm product distributors, specialized farmer cooperatives, and large family farms.We will also reduce distribution links and increase retail outlets so that they can play a leading role in distribution.We will deepen reform of the distribution system.We will expand trials of a tax on the income of logistics enterprises after deductions, and improve tax policies on the use of land occupied by facilities for storing major commodities.We will adjust and improve VAT policies for the wholesale and retail of some agricultural products, and promote standardized and information-based distribution.We will adopt a full range of measures to make distribution more efficient and cost-effective so as to benefit both producers and consumers.加強監管、規范秩序。重點加強對食品、藥品價格和醫療、通信、教育等服務收費的監督檢查，堅決治理交通運輸領域亂收費亂罰款，糾正大型零售商業企業違規收費行為，嚴厲查處發布虛假信息、囤積居奇、操縱價格、惡意炒作等違法行為。把握好輿論導向，正確引導社會預期。

We will tighten oversight and ensure market order.We will give high priority to strengthening oversight and inspection of food and drug prices as well as fees and charges for medical, communications, and educational services;put an end to unauthorized collection of charges and fines in the transportation sector;stop large commercial retailers from illegally collecting fees;and crack down on illegal practices such as releasing false information, hoarding and profiteering, manipulating prices, and speculation.We will lead public opinion and correctly guide public expectations of price movements.（三）促進農業穩定發展和農民持續增收

3.Promoting steady growth of agriculture and sustained increases in rural incomes 在工業化和城鎮化發展進程中，要更加重視農業現代化。必須堅持把解決好“三農”問題作為各項工作的重中之重，進一步加大強農惠農富農政策力度，鞏固和發展農業農村好形勢。We need to pay even greater attention to modernizing agriculture in the course of industrialization and urbanization.We must continue to make solving problems related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers a top priority in all of our work;increase policy support to strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and enrich rural areas;and consolidate and build upon achievements in the development of agriculture and rural areas.穩定發展農業生產，多渠道增加農民收入。繼續開展糧食穩定增產行動，穩定糧食種植面積，著力提高單產。引導農民調整結構，擴大緊缺、優質農產品生產，支持蔬菜、肉蛋奶、水產品等生產。農業補貼要繼續增加總量，提高標準，擴大范圍，完善機制，新增補貼重點向種養大戶、農民專業合作社及各種生產服務組織傾斜。繼續提高糧食最低收購價，今年小麥、稻谷最低收購價平均每50公斤分別提高7．4元和16元。健全主產區利益補償機制，增加糧油、生豬等重要農產品生產大縣獎勵補助資金。實施新10年農村扶貧開發綱要，按照新的國家扶貧標準，全面做好扶貧開發工作，加大集中連片特殊困難地區扶貧開發力度，讓扶貧對象更多地分享改革發展成果。

We will steadily develop agricultural production and increase farmers' incomes by various means.We will continue to carry out activities to steadily increase grain production, keep the area of land sown to grain crops stable, and increase per-unit yields.We will guide farmers to adjust their mix of crops or livestock, and produce more farm products that are high in quality or short in supply.We will support the production of vegetables, meat, eggs, milk, and aquatic products.We will continue to increase agricultural subsidies, raise their standard, expand their coverage, improve mechanisms for issuing them, and direct new subsidy increases mainly to large family farms, specialized farmer cooperatives, and producer-oriented service organizations.We will continue to raise the minimum purchase price for grain, and we will raise the average floor prices for wheat and rice by 7.4 yuan and 16 yuan per 50 kilograms, respectively.We will improve the mechanism for subsidizing major growing areas and increase rewards and subsidies to major counties that produce important agricultural products such as grain, oilseed, and hogs.We will implement the 2011-2020 rural poverty alleviation and development program and, in accordance with the new national standards for poverty alleviation, do a good job of all poverty alleviation and development work, and step up our work in contiguous areas with particular difficulties to ensure that people in poverty share more fruits of reform and development.加快農業科技進步。農業的根本出路在科技。要大力推動農業科技創新，加大對良種繁育、疫病防控、農產品質量安全等關鍵技術研發和應用的支持力度。加快推進基層農技推廣服務體系改革和建設，健全鄉鎮或區域性農業公共服務機構。完善農業技術補貼制度，促進先進適用農業技術到田到戶。建好現代農業示范區，推進高產創建和標準化創建。加快農業機械化步伐。

We will speed up progress in agricultural science and technology.The fundamental way to develop agriculture is through science and technology.We will vigorously promote innovations in agro-science and increase support for R&D on and the application of key technologies for cultivating superior varieties and breeds, preventing and controlling animal and plant epidemics, and ensuring the quality and safety of agricultural products.We will accelerate reform and development of the service system for spreading agricultural technology in villages, and improve public service agricultural agencies in townships, towns, and regions.We will improve the system for subsidizing agricultural technologies and encourage farmers to use advanced and appropriate agricultural technologies.We will develop modern agriculture demonstration sites, encourage farmers to grow high-yield crops, promote the standardization of farming techniques, and accelerate agricultural mechanization.加強農業農村基礎設施建設。今年中央財政用于“三農”的投入擬安排12287億元，比上年增加1868億元。要搞好灌區配套改造和小型農田水利建設，大力發展節水農業，加大土地開發整理復墾力度，大規模建設旱澇保收高標準基本農田。加快中小河流治理、小型水庫除險加固和山洪地質災害綜合防治。加強農村水電路氣以及文化體育等基礎設施建設，推進農村環境治理，加快農村危房改造，繼續改善農村生產生活條件。

We will strengthen agricultural and rural infrastructure.The central government plans to allocate 1.2287 trillion yuan for agriculture, rural areas and farmers, 186.8 billion yuan more than last year.With these funds we will build and upgrade water-saving facilities in irrigated areas and build more small water conservancy projects, and vigorously develop water-efficient agriculture.We will intensify efforts to develop, improve, and reclaim rural land and develop on a large scale basic farmland that meets high drought and flood resistance standards.We will take speedy steps to harness small and medium-sized rivers, reinforce small aging reservoirs, and take comprehensive measures to prevent and mitigate geological disasters caused by mountain torrents.We will continue to improve working and living conditions in rural areas by strengthening infrastructure such as water, power, and methane supply facilities, roads, and cultural and sports venues, and by cleaning up the environment and renovating dilapidated houses more quickly.深化農村改革。堅持農村基本經營制度不動搖。要認真搞好土地確權登記頒證。土地承包經營權、宅基地使用權、集體收益分配權是法律賦予農民的財產權利，任何人都不能侵犯。加強土地承包經營權流轉管理和服務，發展適度規模經營。嚴格保護耕地。制定出臺農村集體土地征收補償條例。扶持發展農民專業合作社、產業化龍頭企業，開展多種形式的農業社會化服務，發展農業保險，提高農業產業化、組織化程度。深化農村綜合改革。推進國有農場、林場體制改革，繼續深化集體林權制度改革。

We will deepen rural reform.We will uphold the basic rural operation system.We will work diligently to determine, register, and certify land ownership.Farmers' rights to the land they contract to work on, to the land on which their houses sit, and to proceeds from collective undertakings are property rights conferred by law, and these rights must not to be violated by anyone.We will provide better supervision and services for the transfer of contracted land-use rights, and develop farming operations on an appropriately large scale.We will place farmland under strict protection, and formulate and promulgate regulations concerning compensation for the expropriation of rural collective land.We will support large-scale farming by specialized farmer cooperatives and leading enterprises, encourage various sectors of society to provide services for agriculture, develop agricultural insurance, and increase commercialization and specialization in agriculture.We will deepen comprehensive rural reform.We will also reform systems for managing state-owned farms and forest farms and continue to deepen reform of tenure in collective forests.（四）加快轉變經濟發展方式

4.Accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development 解決發展不平衡、不協調、不可持續的問題，關鍵在于加快轉變經濟發展方式，推進經濟結構戰略性調整，這既是一個長期過程，也是當前最緊迫的任務。

The key to solving the problems of imbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development is to accelerate the transformation of the pattern of economic development and carry out strategic adjustment of the economic restructure.This is both a long-term task and our most pressing task at present.促進產業結構優化升級。推動戰略性新興產業健康發展。建立促進新能源利用的機制，加強統籌規劃、項目配套、政策引導，擴大國內需求，防止太陽能、風電設備制造能力的盲目擴張。發展新一代信息技術，加強網絡基礎設施建設，推動三網融合取得實質性進展。大力發展高端裝備制造、節能環保、生物醫藥、新能源汽車、新材料等產業。擴大技改專項資金規模，促進傳統產業改造升級。以汽車、鋼鐵、造船、水泥等行業為重點，控制增量，優化存量，推動企業兼并重組，提高產業集中度和規模效益。落實并完善促進小型微型企業發展的政策，進一步減輕企業負擔，激發科技型小型微型企業發展活力。實施有利于服務業發展的財稅、金融政策，支持社會資本進入服務業，促進服務業發展提速、比重提高、水平提升。We will improve and upgrade the industrial structure.We will promote the sound development of strategic emerging industries.We will accelerate the establishment of mechanisms that promote the use of new energy sources;strengthen overall planning, auxiliary projects and policy guidance;and expand domestic demand.We will prevent blind expansion in our capacity to manufacture solar energy and wind power equipment.We will develop next-generation information technology, strengthen network infrastructure, and make substantive progress in integrating the telecommunications network, the radio and television broadcasting network, and the Internet.We will energetically develop the high-end equipment manufacturing, energy conservation, environmental protection, biopharmaceuticals, new-energy vehicles, and new materials industries.We will increase funding for technological upgrading projects, and press ahead with the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries.We will control increases in production capacity, improve existing production facilities, encourage enterprise mergers and reorganizations, and increase industrial concentration and economies of scale, with the focus on the automobile, steel, shipbuilding, and cement industries.We will implement and improve policies to promote the growth of small and micro businesses, further reduce burdens on enterprises, and promote the vibrant growth of small and micro high-tech enterprises.We will implement fiscal, taxation, and financial policies that facilitate the development of the service sector and encourage nongovernmental investment in this sector, in order to promote faster development of the sector, increase its share in the economy, and facilitate its upgrading.推進節能減排和生態環境保護。節能減排的關鍵是節約能源，提高能效，減少污染。要抓緊制定出臺合理控制能源消費總量工作方案，加快理順能源價格體系。綜合運用經濟、法律和必要的行政手段，突出抓好工業、交通、建筑、公共機構、居民生活等重點領域和千家重點耗能企業節能減排，進一步淘汰落后產能。加強用能管理，發展智能電網和分布式能源，實施節能發電調度、合同能源管理、政府節能采購等行之有效的管理方式。優化能源結構，推動傳統能源清潔高效利用，安全高效發展核電，積極發展水電，加快頁巖氣勘查、開發攻關，提高新能源和可再生能源比重。加強能源通道建設。深入貫徹節約資源和保護環境基本國策。開展節能認證和能效標識監督檢查，鼓勵節能、節水、節地、節材和資源綜合利用，大力發展循環經濟。加強環境保護，著力解決重金屬、飲用水源、大氣、土壤、海洋污染等關系民生的突出環境問題。努力減少農業面源污染。嚴格監管危險化學品。今年在京津冀、長三角、珠三角等重點區域以及直轄市和省會城市開展細顆粒物（PM2．5）等項目監測，2015年覆蓋所有地級以上城市。推進生態建設，建立健全生態補償機制，促進生態保護和修復，鞏固天然林保護、退耕還林還草、退牧還草成果，加強草原生態建設，大力開展植樹造林，推進荒漠化、石漠化、坡耕地治理，嚴格保護江河源、濕地、湖泊等重要生態功能區。加強適應氣候變化特別是應對極端氣候事件能力建設，提高防災減災能力。堅持共同但有區別的責任原則和公平原則，建設性推動應對氣候變化國際談判進程。我們要用行動昭告世界，中國絕不靠犧牲生態環境和人民健康來換取經濟增長，我們一定能走出一條生產發展、生活富裕、生態良好的文明發展道路。

We will conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the ecological environment.The key to conserving energy and reducing emissions is to save energy, improve energy efficiency, and reduce pollution.We will promptly formulate and promulgate a work plan for appropriately controlling total energy consumption, and move quickly to base the energy pricing system on the market.We will use economic, legal, and the necessary administrative means to conserve energy and reduce emissions in key areas such as manufacturing, transportation, construction, public institutions, and people's homes, and in 1,000 key energy-intensive enterprises;and close down more outdated production facilities.We will tighten supervision of energy use, develop smart power grids and ensure the proper distribution of energy supplies, and implement effective administrative practices such as efficient electricity generation and distribution, energy performance contracting, and government procurement of energy-efficient goods and services.We will optimize the energy structure, promote clean and efficient use of traditional energy, safely and effectively develop nuclear power, actively develop hydroelectric power, tackle key problems more quickly in the exploration and development of shale gas, and increase the share of new energy and renewable energy in total energy consumption.We will step up the construction of energy transportation routes.We will thoroughly implement the basic state policy of conserving resources and protecting the environment.We will carry out certification of energy-efficient products and oversight and inspection of energy efficiency labeling;encourage economical use of energy, water, land, and materials as well as comprehensive use of resources;and vigorously develop a circular economy.We will strengthen environmental protection;strive to solve major environmental problems that directly affect people's lives, such as heavy metals, drinking water sources, air, soil, and marine pollution;reduce pollution from non-point agricultural sources;and put hazardous chemicals under strict oversight and supervision.We will start monitoring fine particulate matter(PM2.5)in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River delta, the Pearl River delta and other key areas as well as in municipalities directly under the central government and provincial capital cities, and extend the practice to all cities at and above the prefectural level by 2015.We will improve the ecology, establish a sound system of compensation for ecological damage, strengthen ecological protection and restoration, and consolidate achievements in protecting virgin forests, turning vulnerable farmland into forests and grasslands, and stopping grazing to let grasslands recover.We will strengthen grassland ecological conservation;vigorously carry out afforestation;make progress in dealing with desertification and stony deserts and in improving terraced farmland;and strictly protect river sources, wetlands, lakes, and other priority functional ecological zones.We will strengthen capacity building to adapt to climate change, and especially to respond to extreme climate events, and improve our ability to prevent and mitigate natural disasters.We will uphold the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and the principle of fairness, and play a constructive role in promoting international talks on climate change.We will show the world with our actions that China will never seek economic growth at the expense of its ecological environment and public health.We are definitely capable of taking a path of civilized development which ensures that production increases, people's living standards rise, and we live in a good ecological environment.促進區域經濟協調發展。實施區域發展總體戰略和主體功能區規劃，充分發揮各地特色和優勢，進一步提高區域發展的協調性和基本公共服務均等化水平。認真落實西部大開發新10年的政策措施，加大實施中部地區崛起戰略的力度，加快推進東北地區等老工業基地振興，積極支持東部地區轉型發展、在更高層次上參與國際競爭與合作。要加大對革命老區、民族地區、邊疆地區和貧困地區的扶持力度。更好地發揮經濟特區、上海浦東新區、天津濱海新區在改革開放中先行先試的重要作用。制定和實施海洋發展戰略，促進海洋經濟發展。加強和完善跨區域合作機制，消除市場壁壘，促進要素流動，引導產業有序轉移，推動區域經濟良性互動、協調發展。

We will enhance balanced economic development among regions.We will implement the master strategy for regional development and the plan for developing functional zones, give full play to the distinctive strengths of each region, better coordinate development among regions, and make delivery of basic public services more equitable.We will conscientiously implement the policies and measures for the large-scale development of the western region in the new decade, work even harder to implement the strategy for the rise of the central region, more quickly revitalize the old industrial bases in northeast China, and actively support the eastern region in transforming its economy and participating in international competition and cooperation at a higher level.We will increase support to old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas, and poverty-stricken areas.We will encourage special economic zones, the Pudong New Area in Shanghai, and the Binhai New Area in Tianjin to better play their role of leading the way and exploring new paths in reform and opening up.We will formulate and implement a strategy for marine development, and promote the development of the marine economy.We will strengthen and improve inter-regional cooperation mechanisms, remove market barriers, facilitate the flow of factors of production, guide the orderly transfer of industries, and promote mutually reinforcing and coordinated economic development among regions.積極穩妥推進城鎮化。要遵循城市發展規律，從各地實際出發，促進大中小城市和小城鎮協調發展。根據資源環境和人口承載能力，優化全國生產力布局，形成合理的城鎮體系和與國土規模、資源分布、發展潛力相適應的人口布局。各類城市都要夯實經濟基礎，創造就業機會，完善基礎設施，改善人居環境，加強管理服務，提升城鎮化質量和水平。更加注重把在城鎮穩定就業和居住的農民工有序轉變為城鎮居民；放寬中小城市落戶條件，合理引導人口流向，讓更多農村富余勞動力就近轉移就業。加強對農民工的人文關懷和服務，著力解決農民工在就業服務、社會保障、子女入園上學、住房租購等方面的實際問題，逐步將城鎮基本公共服務覆蓋到農民工。關愛留守兒童、留守婦女和留守老人。讓農民無論進城還是留鄉，都能安居樂業、幸福生活。

We will actively yet prudently promote urbanization.We will promote the coordinated development of large, medium-sized, and small cities as well as small towns in light of local conditions and in accordance with the laws governing urban development.On the basis of the carrying capacity of China's resources, environment and population, we will improve the distribution of the productive forces across the country, develop cities and towns rationally, and ensure that the geographical distribution of the population is suited to land availability, resources distribution, and development potential.We will strengthen the economic foundation and create job opportunities in all cities, improve their infrastructure and living environment, strengthen urban management and services, and raise the quality and level of urbanization.We will give higher priority to registering rural migrant workers with stable jobs and permanent homes in cities or towns as permanent urban residents in an orderly manner.We will relax eligibility for registering as urban households in small and medium-sized cities, guide the rational flow of the population, and enable more surplus rural workers to find nonagricultural employment in nearby towns and cities.We should care more deeply for rural migrant workers and provide more services to them;resolve difficulties they have in securing employment services, obtaining social security benefits, getting their children enrolled in preschools and schools, and renting or purchasing homes;and gradually extend to them basic public services that are available to urban residents.We will take care of children, women and old people who are left behind by rural migrant workers who work in cities.We will enable rural residents to enjoy a happy life whether they go to the city or stay in the countryside.（五）深入實施科教興國戰略和人才強國戰略

5.Thoroughly implementing the strategies of developing China through science and education and strengthening the country through human resource development 大力發展科技、教育事業，培養高素質的人才隊伍，是國家強盛、民族復興的必由之路。To make China prosperous and strong and achieve the revival of the Chinese nation, we need to vigorously develop science, technology, and education and create a high-quality talent pool.堅持優先發展教育。中央財政已按全國財政性教育經費支出占國內生產總值的4%編制預算，地方財政要相應安排，確保實現這一目標。教育經費要突出保障重點，加強薄弱環節，提高使用效益。深入推進教育體制改革，加強教師隊伍建設，大力實施素質教育，逐步解決考試招生、教育教學等方面的突出問題。推進學校民主管理，逐步形成制度。促進義務教育均衡發展，資源配置要向中西部、農村、邊遠、民族地區和城市薄弱學校傾斜。繼續花大氣力推動解決擇校、入園等人民群眾關心的熱點難點問題。農村中小學布局要因地制宜，處理好提高教育質量和方便孩子們就近上學的關系。辦好農村寄宿學校，實施好農村義務教育學生營養改善計劃。加強校車和校園安全管理，確保孩子們的人身安全。加強學前教育、繼續教育和特殊教育，建設現代職業教育體系。辦好民族教育。高等教育要與經濟社會發展和國家戰略需要緊密結合，提高教育質量和創新能力。完善國家助學制度，逐步將中等職業教育免學費政策覆蓋到所有農村學生，擴大普通高中家庭經濟困難學生資助范圍。大力發展民辦教育，鼓勵和引導社會資本進入各級各類教育領域。教育寄托著人民的希望，關系國家的未來，我們一定要把這項事業辦得更好！

We will continue to give high priority to developing education.The central government has already prepared its budget to meet the requirement that government spending on education accounts for 4% of China's GDP, and local governments should act accordingly to ensure that this target is reached.Funds for education must be used to meet the funding requirements in key areas and strengthen weak links so that they yield better results.We will deepen reform of the educational system, strengthen the corps of teachers, energetically implement well-rounded education, and gradually resolve major problems in examination and enrollment, and in education and teaching.We will carry forward and gradually institutionalize democratic school management.We will promote the balanced development of compulsory education and give preference to schools in the central and western regions, rural areas, remote areas, and ethnic minority areas, and to weak urban schools when allocating resources.We will continue to make great efforts to ease contentious issues of great concern to the people, including paying to enroll one's children in better schools and the shortage of preschools.We will arrange the location of rural primary and secondary schools in light of local conditions, and ensure there is a proper balance between improving the quality of education and placing schools closer to children.We will run rural boarding schools well, and implement the plan for improving nutrition for rural students receiving compulsory education.We will enhance school bus and campus safety to ensure children's safety.We will strengthen preschool, continuing and special education, develop a modern vocational education system, and do a good job educating ethnic minority students.Higher education should better meet the needs of economic and social development and China's strategic requirements, and improve its quality and capacity for making innovations.We will improve the state financial aid system for students by gradually making all rural students exempt from paying tuition for secondary vocational education, and by granting financial aid to more students from poor families who attend regular senior secondary schools.We will vigorously develop privately run schools and encourage and guide nongovernmental investment in all types of schools at all levels.The people place their hopes on education, and education is crucial for China's future, so we must achieve even better results in this work.大力推進科技創新。加強國家創新體系建設。深化科技體制改革，推動企業成為技術創新主體，促進科技與經濟緊密結合。支持企業加強研發中心建設，承擔國家和地區重大科技項目。引導科研機構、高等院校的科研力量為企業技術創新服務，更好地實現產學研有機結合，提高科技成果轉化和產業化水平。推動基礎研究和前沿技術研究，提高原始創新能力。完善科技評價和獎勵制度。倡導學術誠信，鼓勵獨立思考，保障學術自由，弘揚科學精神。堅定不移地實施國家知識產權戰略。We will vigorously boost innovation in science and technology.We will strengthen the national innovation system.We will deepen reform of the management system for science and technology, spur enterprises to become the main source of technological innovation, and more closely integrate science and technology with the economy.We will support enterprises in developing R&D centers and undertaking major national and regional science and technology projects.We will guide research institutes and researchers in universities in providing services to enterprises' technological innovation centers so that enterprises, universities, and research institutes can work more closely together to increase the industrial application of scientific and technological advances.We will boost basic research and research in cutting-edge technologies, and improve our capacity to make original innovations.We will improve the evaluation and incentive system for scientific and technological advances.We will advocate academic integrity, encourage independent thinking, ensure academic freedom, and foster a scientific spirit.We will unwaveringly implement the national strategy on intellectual property rights.全面加強人才工作。深化人才體制改革，大力培養造就高水平創新創業人才、青年人才和急需緊缺人才，引進高層次人才。完善人才培養、任用、評價、激勵機制。努力營造人才輩出、人盡其才、才盡其用的良好社會環境。

We will comprehensively strengthen human resource work.We will deepen reform of the personnel management system;energetically train high-level innovative and entrepreneurial personnel, talented young people, and personnel who are urgently needed and in short supply;and attract talented personnel from overseas.We will improve the mechanism for training, employing, evaluating, and giving incentives to talented personnel, and create a favorable social environment for them to come to the fore in large numbers and tap their full potential.（六）切實保障和改善民生

6.Ensuring and improving the people's wellbeing 實現好、維護好、發展好最廣大人民的根本利益是以人為本理念的具體體現。要把保障和改善民生作為政府工作的重要任務。

Putting people first is about realizing, upholding, and promoting their fundamental interests.We will make ensuring and improving their wellbeing an important task in the work of the government.千方百計擴大就業。就業是關系國家發展和人民福祉的大事。今年就業壓力仍然很大，各級政府務必堅持就業優先戰略，繼續實施更加積極的就業政策。重點扶持就業容量大的服務業、創新型科技企業和小型微型企業，創造更多就業崗位。鼓勵以創業帶動就業。抓好高校畢業生、農民工和城鎮就業困難人員就業，加強退役軍人技能培訓與就業安置工作。鼓勵高校畢業生投身農村、基層、中西部地區建設。加強職業培訓和公共就業服務工作。加快建立健全統一規范靈活的人力資源市場。積極構建和諧勞動關系，加強對勞務派遣的規范管理，開展勞動關系爭議排查，加強勞動監察和調解仲裁，維護勞動者合法權益。

We will make every effort to increase employment.Employment is of great importance to China's development and the people's wellbeing.We will continue to face great employment pressure this year, and governments at all levels must continue to follow the strategy of giving top priority to employment and more actively implement employment policies.We will give high priority to supporting service industries, innovative high-tech enterprises, and small and micro businesses that employ large numbers of people so as to create more jobs.We will encourage the creation of new businesses to stimulate employment.We will help college graduates, rural migrant workers and urban residents having difficulty finding jobs find employment, and strengthen technical training for ex-soldiers and help them find jobs and settle down.We will encourage college graduates to pursue careers in rural areas, local communities and the central and western regions.We will strengthen vocational training and public employment services.We will accelerate development of a sound, unified, standardized, and flexible human resources market.We will promote harmonious labor relations, increase supervision of labor dispatch, settle labor relations disputes, and intensify supervision, mediation, and arbitration of labor disputes to protect the legitimate rights and interests of employees.加快完善社會保障體系。今年年底前實現新型農村社會養老保險和城鎮居民社會養老保險制度全覆蓋。擴大各項社會保險覆蓋面。增加企業退休人員基本養老金。加強城鄉低保和社會救助工作，加快發展社會福利事業和慈善事業。加強各項社會保障制度銜接。多渠道增加社會保障基金，加強社會保險基金、社會保障基金投資監管，實現保值增值。加強社保服務能力建設，有條件的地方可對各類社保經辦機構進行整合歸并，有些服務可委托銀行、商業保險機構代辦。加快全國統一的社會保障卡發放。

We will accelerate improvements to the social security system.By the end of the year, we will have achieved full coverage of the new old-age pension system for rural residents and the old-age pension system for non-working urban residents.We will expand coverage of all types of social insurance.We will raise the basic pension for enterprise retirees.We will increase urban and rural subsistence allowances and social aid, and accelerate development of social welfare programs and charities.We will better coordinate all aspects of the social safety net.We will increase the social security fund through a variety of channels, and strengthen oversight and supervision of investment from the social insurance fund and social security fund to increase their value.We will strengthen capacity building for social security services, allow localities where conditions permit to integrate and merge social security agencies, and entrust some services to banks or commercial insurance institutions.We will accelerate the work of introducing all-in-one national social security cards.大力推進醫藥衛生事業改革發展。加快健全全民醫保體系，鞏固擴大基本醫保覆蓋面，提高基本醫療保障水平和管理服務水平。城鎮居民醫保和新農合補助標準提高到每人每年240元。全面推開尿毒癥等8類大病保障，將肺癌等12類大病納入保障和救助試點范圍。鞏固完善基本藥物制度，加強基層醫療衛生服務體系建設。推進公立醫院改革，實行醫藥分開、管辦分開，破除以藥補醫機制。鼓勵引導社會資本辦醫，加快形成對外開放的多元辦醫格局。充分調動醫務工作者積極性，建立和諧的醫患關系。加強公共衛生服務，預防控制嚴重威脅群眾健康的重大傳染病、慢性病、職業病。加強藥品安全工作。扶持和促進中醫藥和民族醫藥事業發展。

We will vigorously promote the development and reform of medical and healthcare services.We will move faster to improve the medical insurance system covering the whole population, consolidate and expand the coverage of basic medical insurance, and enhance our capability to provide and manage basic medical services.We will raise subsidies for medical insurance for non-working urban residents and the new type of rural cooperative medical care system to 240 yuan per person per year.We will fully introduce social insurance against uraemia and seven other major diseases and include lung cancer and 11 other major diseases in the pilot program to provide insurance and aid for their treatment.We will consolidate and improve the system for basic drugs and improve the community-level medical and health care system.We will push forward reform of public hospitals, so that medical care is separated from pharmacy operations, government management is separated from hospital operations, and the practice of using pharmacy profits to subsidize medical services is ended.We will encourage and guide nongovernmental investment in hospitals, and speed up the creation of a system of hospitals with diversified ownership that is open to foreign participation.We will boost the morale of medical workers and build harmonious relations between doctors and patients.We will improve public health services and prevent and control major communicable, chronic and occupational diseases that pose a major health hazard.We will tighten control over drug safety.We will support and promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine and the medical practices of ethnic minorities.全面做好人口和計劃生育工作。繼續穩定低生育水平，綜合治理出生人口性別比偏高問題，提高出生人口質量。加快實現計劃生育優質服務全覆蓋，將免費孕前優生健康檢查試點范圍擴大到60%的縣（市、區）。提高農村部分計劃生育家庭獎勵扶助、特殊扶助標準。加強流動人口計劃生育服務管理。做好婦女兒童工作，擴大農村婦女宮頸癌、乳腺癌免費檢查覆蓋面，提高婦女兒童發展和權益保障水平。進一步完善殘疾人社會保障體系和服務體系。積極發展老齡事業，加快建設社會養老服務體系，努力讓城鄉老年人都老有所養，幸福安度晚年。We will comprehensively carry out work relating to population and family planning.We will continue to keep the birthrate low, redress gender imbalance through various means, and improve the health of infants.We will achieve full coverage of quality family planning services more quickly than planned and extend the trial program of free pre-pregnancy checkups to 60% of China's counties and county-level cities and districts.We will increase the rewards and special assistance to the rural families that observe the state's family planning policy.We will increase family planning services to the floating population and improve management of such services.We will do our work related to women and children well.We will extend free cervical cancer and breast cancer screening to more rural women, improve the wellbeing of women and children and better guarantee their rights and interests.We will further improve the social security system and the system of services for people with disabilities.We will actively develop programs for the elderly and accelerate development of a system of social services for urban and rural seniors so they can live their later years in contentment.繼續搞好房地產市場調控和保障性安居工程建設。嚴格執行并逐步完善抑制投機、投資性需求的政策措施，進一步鞏固調控成果，促進房價合理回歸。繼續推進保障性安居工程建設，在確保質量的前提下，基本建成500萬套，新開工700萬套以上。抓緊完善保障性住房建設、分配、管理、退出等制度。采取有效措施，增加普通商品住房供給。加快建設城鎮住房信息系統，改革房地產稅收制度，促進房地產市場長期平穩健康發展。

We will continue to regulate the real estate market and develop low-income housing.We will strictly implement and gradually improve policies and measures for discouraging speculative or investment-driven housing demand, build on progress made in regulating the real estate market, and bring property prices down to a reasonable level.We will continue to develop low-income housing, and basically complete five million units and start construction on over seven million units, ensuring they are built to a high standard.We will work speedily to improve the system for constructing, allocating, managing, and recalling low-income housing units.We will take effective measures to increase supply of regular commodity housing.We will accelerate development of an urban housing information system and reform the real estate tax system to promote long-term, steady, and sound growth of the real estate market.加強和創新社會管理。加強社會矛盾化解、社會管理創新、公正廉潔執法。強化政府社會管理和公共服務職能。提高城鄉基層群眾性自治組織的自治能力。發揮社會組織在社會管理中的積極作用。積極穩妥推進戶籍管理制度改革，推動實行居住證制度，為流動人口提供更好服務。以信息共享、互聯互通為重點，加快建設國家電子政務網。大力推進政務誠信、商務誠信、社會誠信建設，構建覆蓋全社會的征信系統。加強和改進互聯網管理，營造健康的網絡環境。健全重大決策社會穩定風險評估機制和突發事件應急管理機制。實施安全發展戰略，加強安全生產監管，防止重特大事故發生。深入開展打擊侵犯知識產權和制售假冒偽劣商品行動。增強食品安全監管能力，提高食品安全水平。加強和改進信訪工作，健全群眾利益訴求表達機制。加強法律服務和法律援助。嚴密防范和依法打擊違法犯罪活動，保障人民群眾生命財產安全。

We will strengthen and make innovations in social administration.We will work hard to resolve social conflicts, make innovations in social administration, and enforce the law impartially and with integrity.We will strengthen government functions for conducting social administration and providing public services.We will strengthen the self-governing capabilities of rural and urban community self-governing organizations.We will get social organizations to play an active role in social administration.We will actively yet prudently carry forward the reform of the household registration system, implement the residence permit system, and provide better services to the floating population.We will accelerate the development of a national e-government network, with the focus on sharing information and achieving national interconnectivity.We will vigorously give impetus to government, business, and public integrity, and create a credit information system for the whole society.We will strengthen and improve management of the Internet and foster a healthy cyberspace environment.We will improve the mechanism for assessing risks major policy decisions may pose for social stability and the mechanism for managing responses to emergencies.We will implement the strategy of ensuring safety in development, tighten oversight over workplace safety, and prevent the occurrence of serious and major accidents.We will carry out an intense crackdown on violations of intellectual property rights and the manufacture and sale of counterfeit or substandard goods.We will enhance our food safety oversight capability and raise the level of food safety.We will strengthen and improve the handling of public complaints made through letters and visits and improve the mechanism whereby the masses express appeals concerning matters affecting their interests.We will strengthen legal services and assistance.We will be on high alert for and crack down on crime in accordance with the law to protect people's lives and property.（七）促進文化大發展大繁榮

7.Promoting the great development and flourishing of culture 文化是人類的精神家園，優秀文化傳承是一個民族生生不息的血脈。要提供優質豐富的文化產品，不斷滿足人民群眾的精神文化需求。深入推進社會主義核心價值體系建設。加強社會公德、職業道德、家庭美德和個人品德教育，做好青少年思想道德教育工作，努力形成知榮辱、講正氣、守誠信、作奉獻、促和諧的良好風尚。大力發展公益性文化事業。以農村和中西部地區為重點，加強基層文化設施建設。推動哲學社會科學繁榮發展，積極發展新聞出版、廣播影視、文學藝術和檔案事業。加強文化遺產保護，繁榮發展少數民族文化事業。深化文化體制改革，繼續推動經營性文化單位轉企改制。提高文化產業規模化、集約化、專業化水平，推動文化產業成為國民經濟支柱性產業。深入開展對外人文交流，促進中外文化相互借鑒。廣泛開展全民健身活動，增強人民體質，促進體育事業和體育產業協調發展。中華文化具有強大的向心力和震撼力，當代中華兒女一定要肩負起弘揚中華文化的歷史重任。

Culture gives human beings a sense of belonging, and passing on fine culture is essential in maintaining the everlasting vitality of a nation.We will provide a large quantity of high-quality cultural products to meet people's demand for culture.We will intensively promote development of the system of core socialist values.We will strengthen education with regard to social codes of conduct, professional ethics, family virtues, and individual integrity.We will educate children and young people about values and strive to create a social atmosphere that promotes morality, integrity, dedication, and harmony.We will vigorously promote nonprofit cultural services and strengthen cultural infrastructure in communities, particularly in rural areas and the central and western regions.We will promote the flourishing of philosophy and the social sciences, and actively develop the press, publishing, radio, film, television, literature, art, and archives.We will better protect our cultural heritage and foster the flourishing of ethnic minority cultures.We will deepen reform of the cultural system and continue to transform for-profit cultural institutions into enterprises.We will make the cultural industry larger, more intensive, and more specialized;and turn it into a pillar of the economy.We will intensify cultural and people-to-people exchanges with other countries so that we learn from each other's strengths.We will extensively carry out public fitness activities to make the people healthier, and promote the balanced development of sports activities and the sports industry.Chinese culture is highly cohesive and inspiring, and we Chinese today must shoulder the historic duty of advancing it.（八）深入推進重點領域改革 8.Deepening reforms in key areas 改革開放是決定中國前途命運的正確抉擇。必須按照科學發展觀要求，尊重群眾首創精神，大膽探索，以更大決心和勇氣繼續全面推進經濟體制、政治體制等各項改革，破解發展難題。當前和今后一段時期，改革的重點領域和關鍵環節是：進一步轉變政府職能，完善宏觀調控體系，理順政府與市場的關系，更好地發揮市場配置資源的基礎性作用；推進財稅體制改革，理順中央與地方及地方各級政府間財政分配關系，更好地調動中央和地方兩個積極性；深化土地、戶籍、公共服務改革，理順城市與農村的關系，推動工業化、城鎮化和農業現代化協調發展；推進社會事業、收入分配等改革，理順經濟與社會發展的關系，有效保障社會公平正義；推進依法行政和社會管理創新，理順政府與公民和社會組織的關系，建設服務、責任、法治、廉潔政府。今年改革的重點任務是：

Reform and opening up are the right choice we made for China's destiny and future.We must respect the people's creativity;boldly explore new ways;continue to promote all reforms, including the reform of China's economic and political systems, with greater resolve and courage;and solve complex issues in development in line with the requirements of the Scientific Outlook on Development.Now and for some time to come, reform will be focused on the following key areas and crucial links.We will further transform government functions, improve macro-controls, balance the relationship between government and the market, and make better use of the basic role of the market in allocating resources.We will advance reform of the fiscal and taxation systems, better balance the distribution of fiscal resources between the central and local governments and between all levels of local governments, and better arouse the initiative of both the central and local governments.We will deepen reforms of land, household registration and public services;balance the relationship between urban and rural areas;and promote coordinated development of industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization.We will carry forward reforms in social programs and income distribution, strike a balance between economic and social development, and effectively safeguard social fairness and justice.We will run the government in accordance with the law and promote innovation in social administration, properly handle the relationship among the government, citizens and social organizations, and build a service-oriented, responsible, law-based and clean government.The major tasks for reform this year are as follows: 深化財稅金融體制改革。完善分稅制，健全轉移支付制度，提高一般性轉移支付規模和比例。完善縣級基本財力保障機制。穩步推進地方財政預算、決算公開。深化國庫集中收付、政府采購及國債管理制度改革。健全消費稅制度。全面深化資源稅改革，擴大從價計征范圍。深入推進國有控股大型金融機構改革，規范發展小型金融機構，健全服務小型微型企業和“三農”的體制機制。推動實施銀行業新監管標準。推進建立存款保險制度。深化政策性金融機構改革。健全完善新股發行制度和退市制度，強化投資者回報和權益保護。積極發展債券市場。推進保險業改革發展。深化利率市場化改革。穩步推進人民幣資本項目可兌換，擴大人民幣在跨境貿易和投資中的使用。

We will deepen reform of the fiscal, taxation and financial systems.We will improve the revenue-sharing system and the system of transfer payments, and increase the scale and proportion of general transfer payments.We will improve the mechanism for ensuring basic funding for county-level governments, and make the budgets and final accounts of local governments more transparent.We will deepen reform of the systems for treasury's centralized revenue collection and expenditure payments, government procurement, and central government debt management.We will improve the excise tax system, comprehensively deepen the reform of resource taxes, and set taxes on more commodities on the basis of their prices.We will thoroughly carry out reform of large financial institutions in which the state holds the controlling stake, ensure orderly development of small financial institutions, and improve the systems and mechanisms that serve small and micro businesses as well as agriculture, rural areas and farmers.We will implement new oversight and supervision standards for the banking industry, work toward establishing a deposit insurance system, and deepen the reform of policy-based financial institutions.We will improve both initial public offerings and delistings, and ensure better protection of returns on investors' money and their rights and interests.We will actively develop the bond market, accelerate reform and development of the insurance industry, and make interest rates more market based.We will work steadily to make the RMB convertible under capital accounts and expand the use of RMB in cross-border trade and investment.推動多種所有制經濟共同發展。毫不動搖地鞏固和發展公有制經濟，毫不動搖地鼓勵、支持、引導非公有制經濟發展。深入推進國有經濟戰略性調整，完善國有資本有進有退、合理流動機制。研究推進鐵路、電力等行業改革。完善和落實促進非公有制經濟發展的各項政策措施，打破壟斷，放寬準入，鼓勵民間資本進入鐵路、市政、金融、能源、電信、教育、醫療等領域，營造各類所有制經濟公平競爭、共同發展的環境。

We will promote the common development of economic entities under diverse forms of ownership.We will unwaveringly consolidate and develop the public sector and encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public sector.We will thoroughly carry out strategic adjustment of the state sector, and improve the mechanism for increasing investment of state capital in some sectors while reducing it in others to ensure its sound flow.We will promote reform of the railway and power industries.We will improve and implement policies and measures for developing the non-public sector;break up monopolies and relax restrictions on market access;encourage nongovernmental investment in railways, public utilities, finance, energy, telecommunications, education, and medical care;and create a fair environment in which economic entities under all forms of ownership can compete and develop together.深化價格改革。穩妥推進電價改革，實施居民階梯電價改革方案，完善水電、核電及可再生能源定價機制。逐步理順煤電價格關系。完善成品油價格改革，推進天然氣價格改革。實行最嚴格的水資源管理制度，合理制定和調整各地水資源費征收標準，推進農業水價綜合改革。開展碳排放和排污權交易試點。

We will deepen price reforms.We will prudently carry out reform of electricity prices by implementing progressive pricing for household electricity consumption and improving pricing mechanisms for nuclear power, hydropower, and power generated from other renewable energy sources.We will make the price of electricity better reflect the price of coal.We will reform the prices of refined oil products and proceed with the price reform of natural gas.We will impose the strictest control over water resources, rationally set and adjust water resource fees in different localities, and carry out integrated price reform of water used for agricultural purposes.We will start trials of trading carbon emissions and the cap-and-trade scheme for pollution rights.深化收入分配制度改革。抓緊制定收入分配體制改革總體方案。努力提高居民收入在國民收入分配中的比重，提高勞動報酬在初次分配中的比重。完善工資制度，建立工資正常增長機制，穩步提高最低工資標準。創造條件增加居民財產性收入。建立公共資源出讓收益的全民共享機制。加大對高收入者的稅收調節力度，嚴格規范國有企業、金融機構高管人員薪酬管理，擴大中等收入者比重，提高低收入者的收入，促進機會公平。規范收入分配秩序，有效保護合法收入，堅決取締非法收入，盡快扭轉收入差距擴大的趨勢。

We will deepen reform of the income distribution system.We will promptly formulate a master plan for reforming the income distribution system, strive to raise the proportion of individual income in national income, and raise the proportion of remuneration in the primary distribution.We will improve the salary system, put in place a mechanism for regular salary increases, and steadily raise the minimum wage.We will create conditions to increase people's income from property.We will establish a mechanism whereby the public share the proceeds from the sale of public resources.We will take further steps to adjust taxes for high-income groups, strictly standardize supervision of pay and bonuses for senior management in state-owned enterprises and financial institutions, expand the proportion of middle-income groups, raise the incomes of low-income groups, and promote equal opportunity.We will ensure that income distribution is governed by proper standards, effectively protect lawful income, and resolutely ban illegal income.We will quickly reverse the trend of a widening income gap.積極穩妥推進事業單位分類改革。科學劃分事業單位類別，分類指導、分業推進、分級組織、分步實施，深化事業單位管理體制和人事、收入分配、社會保障制度改革。

We will actively yet prudently carry out reform of public institutions based on their classification.We will classify public institutions scientifically, provide targeted guidance to each class, and phase in reforms sector by sector, level by level, and step by step to deepen reform of the systems of management, personnel, income distribution, and social security for public institutions.加快推進政府改革。擴大社會主義民主，依法實行民主選舉、民主決策、民主管理、民主監督，保障人民的知情權、參與權、表達權和監督權。全面貫徹依法治國基本方略，尊重和維護憲法和法律的權威，嚴格依法行政，堅決糾正有法不依、執法不嚴、違法不究、粗暴執法、瀆職失職和執法腐敗等行為。加強廉政建設，深入開展反腐敗斗爭，扎實推進懲治和預防腐敗體系建設的各項長期性、基礎性工作，著力解決人民群眾反映強烈的突出問題。嚴格依法設定、實施、清理、規范行政審批事項。嚴禁領導干部插手政府采購、工程招標、土地礦業權拍賣等經濟活動。嚴格執行領導干部廉潔從政各項規定。加強行政監督、民主監督、輿論監督。堅決查處各類違紀違法案件，嚴厲懲治腐敗分子。We will accelerate government reform.We will expand socialist democracy;conduct democratic election, decision making, administration and oversight in accordance with the law;and protect people's rights to stay informed about, participate in, express views on, and oversee government affairs.We will implement the basic strategy of enforcing the law in both letter and spirit, respect and uphold the sanctity of the Constitution and laws, and govern in strict accordance with the law.We will resolutely rectify the problems of laws not being abided by or fully enforced, lawbreakers not being prosecuted, uncivilized law enforcement, dereliction and neglect of duty, and corrupt practices in law enforcement.We will work harder to build clean government.To do so, we will fight corruption, effectively carry out the long-term and basic work needed to improve the system of preventing and punishing corruption, and give high priority to solving serious problems that the people are resentful about.We will identify, handle, review and standardize matters subject to administrative approval in strict accordance with the law.Leading officials are strictly forbidden to interfere in economic activities such as government procurement, project tendering and the auctioning of land-use and mining rights.We will strictly implement all regulations which require leading officials to uphold integrity in the performance of their official duties.We will strengthen administrative and democratic oversight and oversight through public opinion, resolutely investigate and prosecute violations of the law or discipline, and severely punish corruptionists.（九）努力提高對外開放的質量和水平9.Striving to improve the opening up policy 我國對外開放已進入新的階段，進出口貿易、雙向投資的地位和作用發生了深刻變化。必須適應新的形勢，創新對外經濟工作思路，轉變對外經濟發展方式，提升開放型經濟水平，形成開放型經濟新格局。

China has entered a new stage of opening up in which the position and role of imports and exports as well as two-way investment have profoundly changed.We must adapt to changing circumstances, adopt new ways of thinking about our external economic work, change the mode of China's external economic growth, open China's economy wider and bring about a new phase in China's open economy.保持對外貿易穩定發展。我們強調擴大內需，但決不能忽視外需對我國經濟發展的重要作用。要保持外貿政策基本穩定。穩定出口退稅政策，擴大貿易融資和信用保險，改進海關、質檢、外匯等方面的監管和服務，幫助企業克服訂單不足、成本升高、摩擦增多等多重困難和壓力。要加快轉變外貿發展方式。深入實施科技興貿、以質取勝和市場多元化戰略，支持企業培育自主品牌、營銷網絡和研發中心，引導加工貿易向產業鏈高端延伸、向中西部轉移。鞏固美日歐傳統市場，開拓新興市場。穩定勞動密集型產品出口，擴大高技術、高附加值產品出口，控制高耗能、高污染產品出口。大力發展服務貿易，承接服務外包。制定加強進口、促進貿易平衡的指導意見，完善進口政策，搭建更多的進口促進平臺，推動進出口平衡發展。We will maintain steady growth in foreign trade.While expanding domestic demand is crucial, we can never overlook the importance of external demand in China's economic development.We will maintain general continuity in China's foreign trade policy.We will continue to implement the export tax rebate policy;increase trade financing and credit insurance;ensure that customs, quality inspectors, and foreign exchange authorities improve their supervision and services;and help enterprises overcome difficulties and pressures resulting from falling orders, rising costs, and increasing trade friction.We will speed up transformation of the way we develop foreign trade.We will fully implement the strategy of boosting trade through upgrading technologies, improving quality, and diversifying markets.We will support enterprises in building their own brands, marketing networks, and R&D centers, and guide our processing trade to move up the industrial chain and shift to the central and western regions.We will consolidate traditional markets in the United States, Japan, and Europe and open up emerging markets.We will keep labor-intensive exports stable, expand the export of high-tech and high-value-added products, and limit the export of goods whose production is energy intensive and highly polluting.We will work hard to promote trade in services and undertake more services outsourced by other countries.We will adopt guidelines to increase imports and promote trade balance, improve import policies, build more platforms to promote imports, and work for balanced growth of exports and imports.提高利用外資質量。堅持積極有效利用外資的方針，更加注重優化結構和提高質量。實施新修訂的外商投資產業指導目錄，引導外資更多投向先進制造業、高新技術產業、節能環保產業、現代服務業和中西部地區。

We will improve the use of foreign capital.We will adhere to the policy of actively and effectively utilizing foreign capital and give greater importance to optimizing its structure and raising its quality.We will implement the newly revised Proposed List of Industries for Foreign Investment, and encourage more foreign investment in advanced manufacturing, new and high technologies, energy conservation, environmental protection, new service industries, and the central and western regions.實施“走出去”戰略。我國正處于對外投資加快發展的重要階段，要加強宏觀指導，強化政策支持，簡化審批手續，健全服務保障。引導各類所有制企業有序開展境外能源、原材料、農業、制造業、服務業、基礎設施等領域投資合作和跨國并購。創新境外經貿合作區發展模式，支持“走出去”的企業相互協同、集群發展。規范發展對外勞務合作。放寬居民境外投資限制。加強對外投資風險管理，維護我境外企業人員和資產安全。

We will implement the “go global” strategy.With China's outward investment in an important stage of accelerated development, we will enhance macro-guidance, increase policy support, streamline approval procedures, and improve services for Chinese investors.We will guide Chinese enterprises under various forms of ownership in making overseas investments, mergers and acquisitions in energy, raw materials, agriculture, manufacturing, service industries, and infrastructure in an orderly manner.We will explore new models for overseas economic and trade cooperation zones, and support companies making overseas investments in coordinating their growth and forming clusters.We will standardize development of cooperative overseas labor services.Restrictions on individuals investing overseas will be relaxed.We will strengthen risk management of overseas investments and protect the safety of employees and assets of Chinese enterprises operating overseas.參與全球經濟治理和區域合作。努力保持與發達國家經貿關系穩定發展，全面深化與發展中國家的互利合作。繼續推進自貿區建設和區域經濟一體化進程。積極參與二十國集團等全球經濟治理機制建設，加強與主要經濟體宏觀經濟政策協調，反對各種形式的保護主義，繼續在多哈回合談判、國際金融體系改革中發揮建設性作用。

We will participate in global economic governance and regional cooperation.We will strive to maintain steady growth of China's economic and trade relations with developed countries and comprehensively deepen mutually beneficial cooperation with developing countries.We will continue to promote development of free trade zones and regional economic integration.We will actively participate in building mechanisms for global economic governance such as the G20, strengthen coordination with major economies on macroeconomic policy, oppose protectionism in all its forms, and continue to play a constructive role in the Doha Round of trade talks and the reform of the international financial system.各位代表！

我國是統一的多民族國家，各民族共同團結奮斗、共同繁榮發展，國家才能興旺發達。要堅持和完善民族區域自治制度，認真貫徹落實中央支持少數民族和民族地區發展的政策措施，大力實施扶持人口較少民族發展、推進興邊富民行動和發展少數民族事業規劃。堅定不移地鞏固和發展平等團結互助和諧的社會主義民族關系。

認真貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針。維護宗教團體、宗教界人士和信教群眾的合法權益，充分發揮他們在促進經濟發展、文化繁榮、社會和諧中的積極作用。全面貫徹黨的僑務政策。維護海外僑胞和歸僑僑眷合法權益，支持他們積極參與祖國現代化建設與和平統一大業。

Fellow Deputies,China is a unified, multiethnic country.Only when its ethnic groups are united as one and work for the development of all can China achieve prosperity.We will adhere to and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy, fully implement the central leadership's policies and measures for supporting the development of ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas, and energetically implement plans to support development of ethnic groups with small populations, projects to bring prosperity to border areas and residents there, and services for ethnic minorities.We will unwaveringly consolidate and develop socialist ethnic relations of equality, solidarity, mutual assistance, and harmony.We will actively implement the Party's basic policy on work related to religion, protect the lawful rights and interests of religious groups, religious figures, and believers, and give full play to their positive role in promoting economic development, cultural prosperity, and social harmony.We will fully implement the Party's policy on overseas Chinese affairs, protect the lawful rights and interests of overseas Chinese and returned overseas Chinese and their relatives, and support them in taking an active part in the endeavor to modernize China and in advancing the great cause of China's peaceful reunification.各位代表！

鞏固的國防和強大的軍隊，是維護國家主權、安全和發展利益的堅強后盾。要著眼全面履行新世紀新階段軍隊歷史使命，全面加強軍隊革命化現代化正規化建設，不斷提高以打贏信息化條件下局部戰爭能力為核心的完成多樣化軍事任務的能力。加強思想政治建設，堅持黨對軍隊絕對領導的根本原則和人民軍隊的根本宗旨。積極開展信息化條件下軍事訓練。加快全面建設現代后勤步伐。大力提高國防科技和武器裝備自主創新能力。著力培養高素質新型軍事人才。積極穩妥地實施國防和軍隊改革。堅持依法治軍、從嚴治軍。全面建設現代化武裝警察力量。加強國防動員和后備力量建設。堅決完成反恐維穩、處置突發事件、搶險救災等任務。堅持軍民結合、寓軍于民，走中國特色軍民融合式發展路子。鞏固發展軍政軍民團結。Fellow Deputies, Strong national defense and powerful armed forces provide a firm guarantee for safeguarding China's sovereignty, security, and development interests.We will make the armed forces more revolutionary, modern, and standardized in all respects so they can comprehensively accomplish their historic mission at the new stage in the new century.We will enhance the armed forces' capability to accomplish a wide range of military tasks, the most important of which is to win local wars under information-age conditions.We will strengthen their ideological and political standards, and adhere to the fundamental principle of the Party having absolute leadership over the armed forces, and we should maintain the Chinese armed forces' fundamental purpose of being an army of the people.We will vigorously carry out military training under information-age conditions.We will accelerate the modernization of the logistics support system, and vigorously enhance our capacity for making innovations in defense-related science and technology and in weapons and equipment development.We will focus on training a new type of highly competent military personnel.We will actively yet prudently carry out reform of national defense and the armed forces.We will run the armed forces with strict discipline and in accordance with the law.We will comprehensively modernize the armed police force.We will strengthen national defense mobilization and improve our reserves.We will ensure the armed forces resolutely accomplish the tasks of combating terrorism, maintaining stability, handling emergencies, and relieving disasters.We will follow the path of integrated military and civilian development with Chinese characteristics by unifying military and civilian industries and embedding military programs in civilian industries.We will consolidate and develop solidarity between the military and the government and between the military and the people.各位代表！

香港、澳門與祖國休戚相關、榮辱與共。我們將堅定不移地貫徹“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，全力支持香港、澳門發展經濟，改善民生，推進民主。支持特區政府積極應對國際經濟風險挑戰，維護經濟金融穩定和長期繁榮發展。銜接和落實好支持港澳經濟社會發展的系列政策措施，大幅提升內地對港澳服務貿易開放水平，加快推進港珠澳大橋等基礎設施建設和對接，深化合作，支持港澳參與國際和區域經濟合作。支持香港鞏固和提升國際金融、貿易、航運中心地位，建設離岸人民幣業務中心。支持澳門建設世界旅游休閑中心，推進橫琴新區建設，促進經濟適度多元發展。我們相信，有偉大祖國作為堅強后盾，香港、澳門同胞一定能夠把自己的家園建設得更加美好！過去的一年，兩岸關系經受了嚴峻考驗，取得了積極進展。反對“臺獨”、認同“九二共識”，鞏固交流合作成果，促進兩岸關系和平發展，日益成為兩岸同胞的共同意愿。新的一年，我們要繼續堅持中央對臺工作的大政方針，增強兩岸關系發展的政治、經濟、文化和民意基礎，拓展兩岸關系和平發展新局面。要全面深化經濟金融合作，推動兩岸經濟合作框架協議后續商談取得新進展。加快海峽西岸經濟區建設。積極擴大各界往來，開展文化、教育等交流，使兩岸同胞聯系更緊密，感情更貼近，利益更融合。全體中華兒女要更加緊密地團結起來，為完成祖國統一大業、實現中華民族偉大復興而努力奮斗！Fellow Deputies, Hong Kong and Macao are closely bound with the mainland of China and we share a common destiny.We will unwaveringly implement the principle of “one country, two systems” under which the people of Hong Kong govern Hong Kong and the people of Macao govern Macao and both regions enjoy a high degree of autonomy, and we will fully support the two regions in growing their economies, improving the people's wellbeing and promoting democracy.We support the governments of the two special administrative regions in meeting the challenges of international economic risks and in upholding economic and financial stability and ensuring long-term prosperity and development.We will implement coordinated policies and measures for supporting the economic and social development of Hong Kong and Macao, open the mainland much wider to trade in services with the two regions, accelerate the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge and other shared infrastructure projects, and deepen cooperation with Hong Kong and Macao to support them in participating in international and regional economic cooperation.We support Hong Kong in consolidating and elevating its position as an international financial, trade, and shipping center, and in becoming a center of offshore RMB transactions.We support Macao in becoming a world center of tourism and leisure, building the Hengqin New Area, and diversifying Macao's economy as necessary.We believe that with the staunch support of the great motherland, our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao will certainly create an even brighter future for themselves.Last year, relations across the Taiwan Straits withstood serious tests and improved considerably.Opposing Taiwan independence, accepting the 1992 Consensus, consolidating achievements in exchanges and cooperation, and promoting peaceful development of cross-Straits relations have increasingly become shared aspirations of the people on both sides of the Straits.In 2012, we will adhere to the central leadership's policies on work related to Taiwan;strengthen the political, economic, and cultural foundation and public support for growing cross-Straits relations;and make further progress in promoting their peaceful development.We will deepen all-around cross-Straits economic and financial cooperation, and strive to make new progress in the follow-up talks on the Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement.We will accelerate development of the Western Taiwan Straits Economic Zone.We will energetically expand cross-Straits exchanges between people from all walks of life and carry out cultural, educational and other exchanges to forge a closer bond and increase mutual attachment and common interests between the two sides.All Chinese people should unite more closely and endeavor to accomplish the great cause of China's reunification and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.各位代表！新的一年，外交工作要更好地服務于改革開放和社會主義現代化建設大局，為促進世界經濟增長、維護和平穩定作出更大貢獻。我們將繼續深化同周邊國家的睦鄰友好關系，積極參與周邊各種合作機制，推動區域合作深入發展，共同營造和平穩定、平等互信、合作共贏的地區環境。我們將與廣大發展中國家加強團結合作，深化傳統友誼，擴大互利合作，推動實現聯合國千年發展目標，維護發展中國家的正當權益和共同利益。我們將加強與各大國的戰略對話，增進戰略互信，拓展合作領域，推進相互關系長期穩定健康發展。我們將積極參與多邊事務和全球治理，推動國際秩序朝著更加公正合理的方向發展。我們將堅定不移地走和平發展道路，堅持獨立自主的和平外交政策，奉行互利共贏的開放戰略，同世界各國一道，為促進人類文明進步，增進各國人民的福祉和建設一個持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界而不懈努力！

Fellow Deputies, In the new year, China's diplomacy should better promote the country's over-arching goal of promoting reform, opening up, and socialist modernization;and make greater contributions to global economic growth and world peace and stability.We will continue to deepen friendly relations with our neighbors;actively participate in cooperation mechanisms with them;deepen regional cooperation;and work with them in creating a regional environment of peace, stability, equality, mutual trust, cooperation, and mutual benefit.We will enhance unity and cooperation with other developing countries, deepen traditional friendships, expand mutually beneficial cooperation, help achieve the UN Millennium Development Goals, and uphold the legitimate rights and interests as well as the common interests of developing countries.We will increase strategic dialogue with other major countries to promote strategic mutual trust, broaden areas of cooperation, and promote the long-term, steady, and sound growth of our relations with them.We will actively participate in multilateral affairs and global governance and contribute to making the international political and economic order more just and equitable.We will adhere to the path of peaceful development, continue to pursue an independent foreign policy of peace, and follow an open strategy of mutual benefit.We will work tirelessly with other countries to advance human civilization, improve the wellbeing of people in all countries, and build a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity.各位代表！

回顧過去，我們拼搏奮進，取得顯著成就；展望未來，我們任重道遠，仍須不懈努力。讓我們緊密團結在以胡錦濤同志為總書記的黨中央周圍，解放思想，開拓創新，扎實工作，奮力開創社會主義現代化建設新局面！Fellow Deputies, In the past, we have achieved remarkable progress through hard work.In the future, we must continue to work tirelessly to accomplish the important tasks on the road ahead.Let all of us rally closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, free our minds, forge ahead in the spirit of innovation, make solid progress in our work, and strive to further advance socialist modernization.

第四篇：溫家寶總理政府工作報告

溫家寶總理政府工作報告

——2012年3月5日在第十一屆全國人民代表大會

第五次會議

各位代表：

現在，我代表國務院，向大會報告政府工作，請各位代表審議，并請全國政協委員提出意見。

一、2011年工作回顧

過去的一年，面對復雜多變的國際政治經濟環境和艱巨繁重的國內改革發展任務，全國各族人民在中國共產黨領導下，同心同德，團結奮進，改革開放和社會主義現代化建設取得新的重大成就。國內生產總值47．2萬億元，比上年增長9．2%；公共財政收入10．37萬億元，增長24．8%；糧食產量57121萬噸，再創歷史新高；城鎮新增就業1221萬人，城鎮居民人均可支配收入和農村居民人均純收入實際增長8．4%和11．4%。我們鞏固和擴大了應對國際金融危機沖擊成果，實現了“十二五”時期良好開局。

一年來，我們主要做了以下工作：

（一）加強和改善宏觀調控，遏制物價過快上漲，實現經濟平穩較快發展。我們實施積極的財政政策和穩健的貨幣政策，堅持正確處理保持經濟平穩較快發展、調整經濟結構和管理通脹預期的關系，更加注重把握好政策實施的重點、力度和節奏，努力做到調控審慎靈活、適時適度，不斷提高政策的針對性、靈活性和前瞻性。在全球通脹預期不斷增強，國際市場大宗商品價格高位波動，國內要素成本明顯上升，部分農產品供給偏緊的嚴峻形勢下，我們把穩定物價總水平作為宏觀調控的首要任務，堅持綜合施策，合理運用貨幣政策工具，調節貨幣信貸增速，大力發展生產，保障供給，搞活流通，加強監管，居民消費價格指數、工業生產者出廠價格指數漲幅從8月份起逐月回落，扭轉了一度過快上漲勢頭。下半年，世界經濟不穩定性不確定性上升，國內經濟運行出現一些新情況新問題，我們一方面堅持宏觀調控的基本取向不變，保持宏觀經濟政策基本穩定，繼續控制通貨膨脹；一方面適時適度預調微調，加強信貸政策與產業政策的協調配合，加大結構性減稅力度，重點支持實體經濟特別是小型微型企業，重點支持民生工程特別是保障性安居工程，重點保證國家重大在建、續建項目的資金需要，有針對性地解決經濟運行中的突出矛盾。我們堅定不移地加強房地產市場調控，確保調控政策落到實處、見到實效。投機、投資性需求得到明顯抑制，多數城市房價環比下降，調控效果正在顯現。我們高度重視防范和化解財政金融領域的潛在風險隱患，及時對地方政府性債務進行全面審計，摸清了多年形成的地方政府性債務的總規模、形成原因、償還時限和區域分布。這些債務在經濟社會發展中發揮了積極作用，形成了大量優質資產；也存在一些風險隱患，特別是部分償債能力較弱地區存在局部性風險。我們認真開展債務清理整頓和規范工作，嚴格控制增量，積極穩妥解決債務償還和在建項目后續融資問題。目前，我國政府性債務水平是可控的、安全的。總的看，我國國民經濟繼續朝著宏觀調控預期方向發展，抗風險能力不斷增強，呈現增長較快、價格趨穩、效益較好、民生改善的良好態勢。

（二）加快轉變經濟發展方式，提高發展的協調性和產業的競爭力。我們堅持有扶有控，促進結構調整和優化升級，增強發展后勁。鞏固和加強農業基礎。全面落實強農惠農富農政策，加大農業生產補貼力度，穩步提高糧食最低收購價，加強以農田水利為重點的農業農村基礎設施建設，開展農村土地整治，加

強農業科技服務和抗災減災，中央財政“三農”支出超過1萬億元，比上年增加1839億元。農業全面豐收，糧食總產量實現了歷史罕見的“八連增”，連續5年超萬億斤，標志著我國糧食綜合生產能力穩定躍上新臺階。繼續推進農村危房改造，解決了6398萬農村人口的飲水安全和60萬無電地區人口的用電問題，農村生產生活條件進一步改善。

加快產業結構優化升級。大力培育戰略性新興產業，新能源、新材料、生物醫藥、高端裝備制造、新能源汽車快速發展，三網融合、云計算、物聯網試點示范工作步伐加快。企業兼并重組取得新進展。支持重點產業振興和技術改造，中央預算投資安排150億元，支持4000多個項目，帶動總投資3000億元。加快發展信息咨詢、電子商務等現代服務業，新興服務領域不斷拓寬。交通運輸產業快速發展，經濟社會發展的基礎進一步夯實。

推進節能減排和生態環境保護。發布實施“十二五”節能減排綜合性工作方案、控制溫室氣體排放工作方案和加強環境保護重點工作的意見。清潔能源發電裝機達到2．9億千瓦，比上年增加3356萬千瓦。加強重點節能環保工程建設，新增城鎮污水日處理能力1100萬噸，5000多萬千瓦新增燃煤發電機組全部安裝脫硫設施。加大對高耗能、高排放和產能過剩行業的調控力度，淘汰落后的水泥產能1．5億噸、煉鐵產能3122萬噸、焦炭產能1925萬噸。實施天然林保護二期工程并提高補助標準，實行草原生態保護獎補政策，開展湖泊生態環境保護試點。植樹造林9200多萬畝。

促進區域經濟協調發展。深入實施區域發展總體戰略和全國主體功能區規劃。出臺實施促進西藏、新疆等地區跨越式發展的一系列優惠政策。制定實施新10年農村扶貧開發綱要和興邊富民行動規劃。區域發展協調性進一步增強，中西部和東北地區主要經濟指標增速高于全國平均水平，東部地區產業轉型升級步伐加快。城鎮化率超過50%，這是中國社會結構的一個歷史性變化。勝利完成四川汶川特大地震災后恢復重建任務，積極推進青海玉樹、甘肅舟曲、云南盈江抗災救災和恢復重建工作。

（三）大力發展社會事業，促進經濟社會協調發展。各級政府加大對科技、教育、文化、衛生、體育事業的投入，全國財政支出2．82萬億元。

持續提升科技創新能力。加強基礎研究和前沿技術研究。實施國家科技重大專項，突破一些關鍵核心技術，填補了多項重大產品和裝備的空白。天宮一號目標飛行器與神舟八號飛船先后成功發射并順利交會對接，成為我國載人航天發展史上新的里程碑。

扎實推進教育公平。深入貫徹落實教育改革和發展規劃綱要。經過25年堅持不懈的努力，全面實現九年制義務教育。免除3000多萬名農村寄宿制學生住宿費，其中1228萬名中西部家庭經濟困難學生享受生活補助。建立起完整的家庭經濟困難學生資助體系。初步解決農民工隨遷子女在城市接受義務教育的問題。推動實施“學前教育三年行動計劃”，提高幼兒入園率。大力發展職業教育。加強中小學教師培訓工作，擴大中小學教師職稱制度改革試點，提高中小學教師隊伍整體素質。首屆免費師范生全部到中小學任教，90%以上在中西部。

大力加強文化建設。中央財政加大對文化惠民工程的支持，各地對公益性文化事業投入顯著增加。擴大公共文化設施免費開放范圍，服務面逐步拓展。文化體制改革繼續推進，文化產業快速發展。文物保護、非物質文化遺產保護和

傳承取得重要進展。大力加強群眾體育設施建設，全民健身活動蓬勃開展，體育事業取得新成績。

積極穩妥推進醫藥衛生事業改革發展。基本醫療保險覆蓋范圍繼續擴大，13億城鄉居民參保，全民醫保體系初步形成。政策范圍內住院費用報銷比例提高，重大疾病醫療保障病種范圍進一步擴大。各級財政對城鎮居民醫保和新農合的補助標準由每人每年120元提高到200元。國家基本藥物制度在政府辦基層醫療衛生機構實現全覆蓋，基本藥物安全性提高、價格下降。公立醫院改革試點有序進行。基層醫療衛生服務體系基本建成。基本公共衛生服務均等化取得新進展。

（四）切實保障和改善民生，解決關系群眾切身利益的問題。我們堅持民生優先，努力使發展成果惠及全體人民，促進社會公平正義。實施更加積極的就業政策。多渠道開發就業崗位，全力推動以創業帶動就業，加強職業技能培訓和公共就業服務體系建設。加大財政、稅收、金融等方面支持力度，著力促進高校畢業生、農民工等重點人群就業。高校畢業生初次就業率77．8%，同比提高1．2個百分點。農民工總量2．53億人，比上年增長4．4%，其中，外出農民工1．59億人，增長3．4%。

積極調整收入分配關系。著力提高低收入群眾收入。農村居民人均純收入實際增速為1985年以來最高，連續兩年快于城鎮居民；各地普遍較大幅度調高最低工資標準；連續第7年提高企業退休人員基本養老金，全年人均增加1680元，5700多萬人受益；進一步提高城鄉低保補助水平以及部分優撫對象撫恤和生活補助標準，對全國城鄉低保對象、農村五保供養對象等8600多萬名困難群眾發放一次性生活補貼；建立社會救助和保障標準與物價上漲掛鉤的聯動機制。擴大中等收入者所占比重。個人所得稅起征點從2000元提高到3500元。降低900多萬個體工商戶稅負。中央決定將農民人均純收入2300元（2010年不變價）作為新的國家扶貧標準，比2009年提高92%，把更多農村低收入人口納入扶貧范圍，這是社會的巨大進步。

加強社會保障體系建設。社會保障覆蓋范圍繼續擴大，全國參加城鎮基本養老保險、失業保險、工傷保險和生育保險人數大幅增加。2147個縣（市、區）實施城鎮居民社會養老保險試點，1334萬人參保，641萬人領取養老金。2343個縣（市、區）開展新型農村社會養老保險試點，3．58億人參保，9880萬人領取養老金，覆蓋面擴大到60%以上。解決了500多萬名集體企業退休人員養老保障的歷史遺留問題。將312萬名企業“老工傷”人員和工亡職工供養親屬納入工傷保險統籌管理。養老保險跨地區轉移接續工作有序推進。社會保障體系不斷健全，向制度全覆蓋邁出重大步伐，這是推進基本公共服務均等化取得的重要成就。

大力推進保障性安居工程建設。出臺關于保障性安居工程建設和管理的指導意見，完善財政投入、土地供應、信貸支持、稅費減免等政策，著力提高規劃建設和工程質量水平，制定保障性住房分配、管理、退出等制度和辦法。中央財政安排資金1713億元，是2010年的2．2倍，全年城鎮保障性住房基本建成432萬套，新開工建設1043萬套。

努力維護社會公共安全。加強安全生產監管，做好重特大安全事故的處置、調查、問責工作。完善食品安全監管體制機制，集中打擊、整治非法添加和違法生產加工行為。堅持以人為本、服務為先，加強和創新社會管理，著力排查化解各類社會矛盾，依法打擊違法犯罪活動，保持社會和諧穩定。

（五）深入推進改革開放，為經濟社會發展注入新的活力和動力。我們按照“十二五”規劃提出的改革任務，加大攻堅力度，推動重點領域和關鍵環節的改革。

完善公共財政體系特別是預算管理制度，把預算外資金全部納入預算管理，擴大國有資本經營預算實施范圍，深化部門預算改革，推進政府預算、決算公開，98個中央部門和北京、上海、廣東、陜西等省市公開“三公經費”。在全國范圍實施原油、天然氣資源稅從價計征改革，出臺營業稅改征增值稅試點方案。把跨境貿易人民幣結算范圍擴大到全國，啟動境外直接投資人民幣結算試點，開展外商直接投資人民幣結算業務。深化集體林權制度改革，啟動國有林場改革試點，依法開展草原承包經營登記。推進水利建設管理體制改革，創新水資源管理體制。深化國有企業改革。啟動實施電網主輔分離改革重組以及上網電價和非居民用電價格調整方案。基本完成鄉鎮機構改革。事業單位分類改革有序開展。

我們堅持出口和進口并重，利用外資和對外投資并舉，全面提升開放型經濟水平。積極推進市場多元化戰略，努力優化貿易結構。全年貨物進出口總額

3．64萬億美元，增長22．5%，其中，出口增長20．3%，進口增長24．9%，貿易順差進一步下降。實際使用外商直接投資1160億美元，服務業和中西部地區比重提高。企業“走出去”步伐加快，非金融類對外直接投資601億美元。積極參與國際和區域經濟合作，多邊雙邊經貿關系繼續深化。

我們在民主法制建設、國防和軍隊建設、港澳臺工作和外交工作等方面，都取得了卓有成效的進展。

第五篇：2012年溫家寶總理政府工作報告全文(雙語對照)

第十一屆全國人民代表大會第五次會議在人民大會堂開幕，聽取國務院總理溫家寶作政府工作報告，審查計劃報告和預算報告。以下為十一屆全國人大五次會議開幕會及政府工作報告全文：

各位代表：現在，我代表國務院，向大會報告政府工作，請各位代表審議，并請全國政協委員提出意見。

Fellow Deputies, on behalf of the State Council, I now present to you my report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval and for comments and suggestions from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC).一、2011年工作回顧

I.Review of Work in 2011

過去的一年，面對復雜多變的國際政治經濟環境和艱巨繁重的國內改革發展任務，全國各族人民在中國共產黨領導下，同心同德，團結奮進，改革開放和社會主義現代化建設取得新的重大成就。

Last year, China faced a complex and volatile political and economic environment abroad and arduous and challenging reform and development tasks at home.Working hard with one heart and one mind under the leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC), the Chinese people of all ethnic groups made significant achievements in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.國內生產總值47.2萬億元，比上年增長9.2%；公共財政收入10.37萬億元，增長24.8%；糧食產量1.14萬億斤，再創歷史新高；城鎮新增就業1221萬人，城鎮居民人均可支配收入和農村居民人均純收入實際增長8.4%和11.4%。我們鞏固和擴大了應對國際金融危機沖擊成果，實現了“十二五”時期良好開局。

China's GDP reached 47.2 trillion yuan, an increase of 9.2% over the previous year;government revenue was 10.37 trillion yuan, an increase of 24.8%;and the country's grain output reached a record high of 571.21 million tons.A total of 12.21 million new urban jobs were created.The per capita disposable income of urban residents and the per capita net income of rural residents rose in real terms by 8.4% and 11.4%, respectively.We consolidated and built upon our achievements in responding to the global financial crisis, and got the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period off to a good start.一年來，我們主要做了以下工作：

We accomplished the following in our work last year.(一)加強和改善宏觀調控，遏制物價過快上漲，實現經濟平穩較快發展。

1.Strengthening and improving macro-control, preventing fast price rises, and achieving steady and robust economic development

我們實施積極的財政政策和穩健的貨幣政策，堅持正確處理保持經濟平穩較快發展、調整經濟結構和管理通脹預期的關系，更加注重把握好政策實施的重點、力度和節奏，努力做到調控審慎靈活、適時適度，不斷提高政策的針對性、靈活性和前瞻性。We followed a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, and maintained a balance between ensuring steady and robust economic development, adjusting the economic structure, and managing inflation expectations.We paid greater attention to implementing policies with the proper focus, force, and pace;conducted prudent and flexible macro-control on a moderate scale and in a timely fashion;and constantly made our policies more targeted, flexible, and forward-looking.在全球通脹預期不斷增強，國際市場大宗商品價格高位波動，國內要素成本明顯上升，部分農產品供給偏緊的嚴峻形勢下，我們把穩定物價總水平作為宏觀調控的首要任務，堅持綜合施策，合理運用貨幣政策工具，調節貨幣信貸增速，大力發展生產，保障供給，搞活流通，加強監管，居民消費價格指數、工業生產者出廠價格指數漲幅從8月份起逐月回落，扭轉了一度過快上漲勢頭。

Amid worsening inflation expectations worldwide, fluctuating and high prices of major commodities on the world market, significantly higher costs of factors of production at home, and a shortage of some agricultural products, we made ensuring general price stability our top priority in macro-control, pursued policies in an integrated way, rationally used monetary policy tools to regulate the supplies of money and credit, vigorously developed production to ensure supply, boosted distribution, and strengthened supervision.As a result, increases in the consumer price index(CPI)and the producer price index(PPI)began falling in August, thus reversing the trend of rapid inflation.下半年，世界經濟不穩定性不確定性上升，國內經濟運行出現一些新情況新問題，我們一方面堅持宏觀調控的基本取向不變，保持宏觀經濟政策基本穩定，繼續控制通貨膨脹；一方面適時適度預調微調，加強信貸政策與產業政策的協調配合，加大結構性減稅力度，重點支持實體經濟特別是小型微型企業，重點支持民生工程特別是保障性安居工程，重點保證國家重大在建、續建項目的資金需要，有針對性地解決經濟運行中的突出矛盾。

In the second half of the year, when the global economy faced greater instability and uncertainty and when new developments and problems occurred in China's economy, we kept the basic orientation of macro-control unchanged, maintained the basic continuity of our macroeconomic policies, and continued to curb inflation.In addition, we carried out timely and appropriate anticipatory adjustments and fine-tuning, strengthenedcoordination between credit and industrial policies, and increased structural tax reductions.We focused on supporting the real economy, especially small and micro businesses;improving the people's wellbeing, especially by building low-income housing projects;and ensuring funding for key projects that are under construction or expansion.These well-targeted measures were taken to solve major economic problems.我們堅定不移地加強房地產市場調控，確保調控政策落到實處、見到實效。投機、投資性需求得到明顯抑制，多數城市房價環比下降，調控效果正在顯現。我們高度重視防范和化解財政金融領域的潛在風險隱患，及時對地方政府性債務進行全面審計，摸清了多年形成的地方政府性債務的總規模、形成原因、償還時限和區域分布。這些債務在經濟社會發展中發揮了積極作用，形成了大量優質資產；也存在一些風險隱患，特別是部分償債能力較弱地區存在局部性風險。

We steadfastly tightened regulation of the real estate market and ensured that control policies were fully carried out and achieved real progress.Consequently, speculative or investment-driven housing demand has been significantly curbed, housing prices in most Chinese cities have fallen month on month, and the results of our control measures are beginning to show.We attached great importance to guarding against and eliminating latent risks which exist in the banking and public finance sectors.We fully audited local government debt in a timely manner, and obtained a clear picture of the total amount, due dates, geographic distribution, and causes of the debts local governments incurred over the years.These debts have played a positive role in promoting economic and social development and produced a large amount of quality assets.However, they also contained risks and hidden dangers, and some localities with poor ability to pay their debts were at risk of default.我們認真開展債務清理整頓和規范工作，嚴格控制增量，積極穩妥解決債務償還和在建項目后續融資問題。目前，我國政府性債務水平是可控的、安全的。總的看，我國國民經濟繼續朝著宏觀調控預期方向發展，抗風險能力不斷增強，呈現增長較快、價格趨穩、效益較好、民生改善的良好態勢。

We sorted out and standardized these debts, imposed a cap on their increase, and actively yet prudently solved problems related to the repayment of such debts and additional funding for ongoing projects.Government debt in China now is at a controllable and secure level.China's economy as a whole continues to grow as we anticipated in our exercise of macro-controls and has become more resilient.Economic growth is robust, prices are stabilizing, economic returns are good, and the people's wellbeing is improving.(二)加快轉變經濟發展方式，提高發展的協調性和產業的競爭力。2.Accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development and making development more coordinated and industries more competitive.我們堅持有扶有控，促進結構調整和優化升級，增強發展后勁。

We supported development in some areas while limiting growth in others, and carried out economic structural adjustments and upgrading to increase the sustainability of development.鞏固和加強農業基礎。全面落實強農惠農富農政策，加大農業生產補貼力度，穩步提高糧食

最低收購價，加強以農田水利為重點的農業農村基礎設施建設，開展農村土地整治，加強農業科技服務和抗災減災，中央財政“三農”支出超過1萬億元，比上年增加1839億元。農業全面豐收，糧食總產量實現了歷史罕見的“八連增”，連續5年超萬億斤，標志著我國糧食綜合生產能力穩定躍上新臺階。

We consolidated and strengthened the agricultural foundation.We fully implemented the policy of strengthening agriculture, benefitting farmers, and enriching rural areas.We increased subsidies for agricultural production, and the minimum purchase price for grain rose steadily.We strengthened agricultural and rural infrastructure, with priority given to irrigation and water conservancy projects, improved rural land, increased scientific and technological services for agriculture, and improved our ability to respond to and mitigate natural disasters.Central government spending on agriculture, rural areas and farmers exceeded one trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 183.9 billion yuan.We had a bumper harvest in all sectors of agriculture.China's grain output increased for the eighth consecutive year, which has rarely been seen in history.Grain output in each of the past five years has exceeded 500 million tons, which shows that China's overall grain production capacity has reached a new level.繼續推進農村危房改造，解決了6398萬農村人口的飲水困難和60萬無電地區人口的用電問題，農村生產生活條件進一步改善。

We continued to renovate dilapidated houses in rural areas, ensured the safety of potable water for 63.98 million additional rural residents, delivered electricity to 600,000 people in areas that had no power supply, and further improved rural working and living conditions.加快產業結構優化升級。大力培育戰略性新興產業，新能源、新材料、生物醫藥、高端裝備制造、新能源汽車快速發展，三網融合、云計算、物聯網試點示范工作步伐加快。企業兼并重組取得新進展。

We accelerated the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure.We energetically fostered strategic emerging industries and accelerated development of new energy, new materials, biomedicines, high-end equipment manufacturing and new-energy vehicles, and we sped up pilot projects and demonstrations for integrating the telecommunications network, the radio and television broadcasting network, and the Internet, along with the development of cloud computing and the Internet of Things.We made progress in enterprise mergers and reorganizations.支持重點產業振興和技術改造，中央預算投資安排150億元，支持4000多個項目，帶動總投資3000億元。加快發展信息咨詢、電子商務等現代服務業，新興服務領域不斷拓寬。交通運輸產業快速發展，經濟社會發展的基礎進一步夯實。

We allocated 15 billion yuan from the central government budget to support more than 4,000 projects to boost key industries and upgrade their technologies.This seed capital attracted a total investment of 300 billion yuan.We accelerated the development of information consulting, e-commerce and other modern service industries, and expanded new service areas.The transportation industry developed quickly, thereby further strengthening the foundation for China's economic and social development.推進節能減排和生態環境保護。發布實施“十二五”節能減排綜合性工作方案、控制溫室氣體排放工作方案和加強環境保護重點工作的意見。清潔能源發電裝機達到2.9億千瓦，比上年增加3356萬千瓦。加強重點節能環保工程建設，新增城鎮污水日處理能力1100萬噸，5000多萬千瓦新增燃煤發電機組全部安裝脫硫設施。加大對高耗能、高排放和產能過剩行業的調控力度，淘汰落后的水泥產能1.5億噸、煉鐵產能3122萬噸、焦炭產能1925萬噸。

We made progress in conserving energy, reducing emissions, and protecting the ecological environment.We adopted and implemented the Comprehensive Work Plan for Conserving Energy and Reducing Emissions and the Work Plan for Controlling Greenhouse Gas Emissions for the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, and the Guidelines on Strengthening Key Environmental Protection Tasks.The installed power capacity using clean energy reached 290 million kW, an increase of 33.56 million kW over the previous year.We strengthened the development of major energy conservation and environmental protection projects.We increased daily sewage treatment capacity by 11 million tons in urban areas, and installed desulphurization systems on all new coal-fired power-generating units with a total capacity of over 50 million kW.We tightened controls over industries that are energy intensive, have high emissions or possess excess production capacity, and closed down outdated production facilities whose production capacity amounted to 150 million tons of cement, 31.22 million tons of iron, and 19.25 million tons of coke.實施天然林保護二期工程并提高補助標準，實行草原生態保護獎補政策，開展湖泊生態環境保護試點。植樹造林9200多萬畝。

We implemented the second phase of the project to protect virgin forests and raised related subsidies, carried out the policy of giving rewards and subsidies for grassland ecological conservation, and launched pilot projects to protect the ecological environment of lakes.And we planted 6.13 million hectares of trees.促進區域經濟協調發展。深入實施區域發展總體戰略和全國主體功能區規劃。出臺實施促進西藏、新疆等地區跨越式發展的一系列優惠政策。制定實施新10年農村扶貧開發綱要和興

邊富民行動規劃。區域發展協調性進一步增強，中西部和東北地區主要經濟指標增速高于全國平均水平，東部地區產業轉型升級步伐加快。

We promoted the balanced development of regional economies.We thoroughly implemented the master strategy for regional development and the national plan for developing functional zones.We introduced preferential policies to promote the leapfrog development of Tibet and Xinjiang;and formulated and implemented a rural poverty alleviation and development program for the next ten years and an action plan to bring prosperity to border areas and the people there.As a result, regional development became better balanced, major economic indicators rose faster in the central and western regions and northeast China than the national average, and the eastern region accelerated industrial transformation and upgrading.城鎮化率超過50%，這是中國社會結構的一個歷史性變化。勝利完成四川汶川特大地震災后恢復重建任務，積極推進青海玉樹、甘肅舟曲、云南盈江抗災救災和恢復重建工作。China's urbanization level exceeded 50%, marking a historic change in the country's social structure.We completed reconstruction in Wenchuan, Sichuan, which was hit by a massive earthquake in 2008, and made major progress in disaster relief and reconstruction in Yushu, Qinghai;Zhugqu, Gansu;and Yingjiang, Yunnan.