第一篇：翻譯中詞性轉換的技巧

翻譯中詞性轉換的技巧

一.研究課題的目的和意義

漢語與英語在詞法和語言結構方面都存在著很大的差異。因此，為了達到既忠實于原文又準確流暢的目的，翻譯時應掌握一些必要的翻譯技巧，詞性轉換即是其中之一。詞性是詞在語法意義上的性別, 它表示詞所屬的類別, 是詞的表述功能的外在標記。詞性轉換是指翻譯時為了正確而順暢地表達原文內容而改變詞的屬性，即改變詞性。在漢譯英語句子時，使每一個英語單詞都有一個與之詞義和詞性均相同的漢語詞相對應是幾乎不可能的。若一定要用詞性相同的漢語詞來譯出英語原旬，那么，漢語譯文常常會因不符合漢語的語言習慣及規范而讀起來非常別扭，甚至艱澀難懂。詞性轉換在漢譯英翻譯中是一項技巧，其關鍵在于源語與目的與之間的詞匯和句子結構差異較大。本文旨在探索在翻譯的過程中如何更好地在翻譯中使用詞性轉換的技巧，從而幫助大家逐步提高翻譯能力和更加靈活運用詞性轉換這一翻譯技巧。使其翻譯的句子準確通順，將由于英漢差異而引起的語言機械轉換，根據表達習慣進行適當調整和轉換，使譯文變得更加的妥帖、順暢。二．文獻綜述

劉小芬,楊筱霞在《再談英漢互譯中的詞性轉換》提出然而,許多人認為,翻譯最大的障礙應該是兩種語言的不同詞性的轉換。因為一種語言中的任何一個詞并不總是能夠在另一種語言中找到詞性相同而詞義又完全一樣的詞。只有通過改變原文的某種詞性才能夠更有效地傳達出原文的準確意思。這種把一種語言中的某種詞性轉換成另一種語言的另一種詞性來表達的翻譯方法就是詞性的轉換。

謝捷在《英語名動轉用中不同種類名詞的轉用幾率探析》中提出“名詞轉化動詞是基于原型名詞的語義特征和所屬語義種類確立其詞義的,語言學家提出了多種轉類動詞的劃分。”

陸儉明在《現代漢語語法研究教程（第三版）》中提到兼類詞。兼類詞指“同一個概括詞兼有兩種詞類特性的詞，即指同音同義而詞性不同的詞”

鄭蕙在《論英漢翻譯中的詞性和句形轉換》中提出“在英漢翻譯過程中,因為漢、英兩個民族不同的思維模式以及相關的社會背景環境和文化的不同給漢英翻譯造成一定困難，所以有“語隨境遷，語無定義”之說。這樣譯文才能通順流暢。翻譯過程中，我們可以采用詞性轉換和句子成分轉換的翻譯方法。這種方法不僅指詞性的改變，而且還包括詞性作用的改變和句子詞序的改變。“

王晨在《淺談詞性轉換法在漢譯英翻譯中的應用》中認為“漢語中出現表示知覺、感情、心理狀態，以及表示長時間狀態的動詞時，按照英語的語言習慣，以上詞匯通常在英文中以形容詞性出現，在翻譯成英文時就要將其轉化為形容詞。并且當有表達動詞的意味的固定搭配的形容詞組出現時，也要將他們翻譯成形容詞性。”

梁超.在《淺談英譯漢中的英漢詞性的轉換》中論述了英漢兩種語言在詞匯和語法結構方面有許多不同之處。因此在英譯漢的過程中, 有些句子可以逐詞翻譯, 有些句子則由于英漢兩種語言的表達方式不同, 就不能以“挖個坑填個蘿卜”方法來逐詞對譯。翻譯時原文的有些詞在譯文中需要轉換詞類, 才能使漢語譯文通順自然, 即翻譯時不必拘泥于原文的表層結構, 可以在忠實原意的前提下將原文中有些詞的詞性轉換為漢語的其他詞性。

三.研究方法，通過閱讀大量文獻，歸納總結，分析與綜合 四.寫作思路

一．詞類轉換的定義及必要性 1.詞類轉換的定義 2.詞類轉換的必要性

1.2.1 詞類的差異 1.2.2 意義相同但詞類不同 二．兩種詞類間的轉換 1.名詞的轉換技巧 2.動詞的轉換技巧 3.形容詞的轉換技巧 4.副詞的翻譯技巧 5.連詞的翻譯技巧 三．結語 五.寫作計劃

1.2011年11月 選題，查找資料，確定論文題目 2.2011年12月 開題報告答辯 3.2012年1月 英文提綱草擬 4.2012年3月 論文一稿 5.2012年4月初 論文二稿 6.2012年5月初 論文三稿 7.2012年5月底6月初 定稿 8.2012年6月中下旬 論文答辯 六.參考文獻

[1] 劉小芬,楊筱霞.再談英漢互譯中的詞性轉換[J].山東商業職業技術學院學報, 2007,(03).[2]謝捷.英語名動轉用中不同種類名詞的轉用幾率探析[ J].大學英語(學術版), 2006(1): 65-66.[3] 鄭蕙.論英漢翻譯中的詞性和句形轉換[J].科教文匯(下旬刊), 2008,(05).[4] 王晨.淺談詞性轉換法在漢譯英翻譯中的應用[J].陜西教育(高教版), 2009,(02).[5] 梁超.淺談英譯漢中的英漢詞性的轉換[J].職業教育研究, 2007,(02).[6]張培基等.英漢翻譯教程［M］.上海：上海外語教育出版社，2009 ［7］陳蘇東，陳建平.商務英語翻譯［M］.北京：高等教育出

版社，2006.1.[8]倪洪源.英漢翻譯中的詞性轉換策略[J].考試周刊, 2009,(51)[9]黃新祥.詞類轉換的認知研究[D].重慶大學, 2006,(01).[10] 蔣意.英漢詞類轉換的認知研究[D].湖南師范大學, 2006,(09).[11] 葉海燕.翻譯中的詞性轉換及換形[J].安徽工業大學學報(社會科學版), 2005,(03)[12]陸儉明.現代漢語語法研究教程（第三版）[M], 北京：北京大學出版社, 2005: 47-51 [13] 劉金龍.試論科技英語中詞性轉換及其翻譯[J].科技英語學習, 2007,(05).[14]何慧.英譯漢中名詞化詞語翻譯的兩個特點[J]當代教育論壇(教學研究), 2010,(06)[15] 柳紅霞.淺談翻譯中的詞類轉換[J].科技資訊, 2006,(16).

第二篇：詞性轉換

Unit 1 1.lovely可愛的lively活潑的有些以-ly結尾的詞是形容詞，通常不是副詞，常見的例子有：brotherly, sisterly, fatherly, motherly, manly, womanly, costly, deadly, friendly, unfriendly , lively, lovely, lonely, silly, ugly, likely, unlikely, 等。

It would be too _____________ to repair the car.修理這輛汽車要花很多錢。

He’s caring for his __________ parents.他正照顧著年邁的父母。

She’s twice as ______________ as her sister.她比她姐姐活躍一倍。

Spring is a ____________ season.春天是怡人的季節。

2.attractive有吸引力的;

v._________;n.__________;3.optimistic樂觀的;

(悲觀的): _______________ 4.careful小心的;

n.______________;(粗心的）____________ 5.active積極的;

adv._____________;

n.______________ 6.patient耐心的;病人;n.___________;(帶有耐心）________________________ 7.honest誠實的;

n.______________;(誠實為上策）____________________________ 8.responsible負責的;

n.______________;

(不負責任的）___________

(對某人付負責）______________________;

（對某事負責任）_____________________ popular流行的;n._______________;(受......歡迎）_______________________________ 10.gentle溫柔的，溫和的;adv.__________;（紳士，有教養的人）________________ 11.courageous勇敢的，無畏的;n.___________;v.___________

12.educated受過教育的 ； n.____________;（教育者）_______________ 13.curious好奇的;

n.______________;（出于好奇）__________________________ 14.independent獨立的;n._______________;（依賴的）_____________ 15.energetic精力充沛的;n._______________;

16.determined下定決心的，堅決的;v.____________;

n.________________ 17.explanation解釋，說明;

v._________________

Unit 2 1.harmonious adj和諧的；

n._______________

2.healthy adj健康的；

n.健康_____________

adv.健康地____________

adj,不健康的________________ 翻譯：健康就是財富。________________________________ 3.beneficial adj有利的n.利益，好處 _________ v.有益于__________ 短語：有益于_____________________________________________ 4.difficult

adj困難的 n.困難_____________ 5.poor

adj,貧窮的 n.貧窮,缺乏_____________

Unit 3 1.n.專業major v.主修___________ n.多數（人，物）________________

2.v.爭論，爭辯

___________ n.論證.argument

3.v.說服，使相信，使信服persuade

n.說服力 ___________

adj.有說服力的 ___________

4.v.保護，防護protect

n.保護，防護

________________

5.v.不同，區別differ n.差異，區別

________________

adj.不同的 ________________

adv.相異地

________________

6.v.到達，到訪arrive

________________ n到達.________________

7.v.忽略，忽視ignore

n.忽略，忽視

________________ adj.忽略的 ________________

8.n.威脅threat

v.威脅

________________

.9.v.參與，卷進involve

n.參與，卷進

________________

10.v.指引 direct

n.方向，指引 ________________ adj.直接的 ________________ adv.直接地

________________

Unit 4 1.n.放松relaxation

v.放松

________________，adj放松的 ________________

，2.n.允許permission

v.允許.________________

3.n力量.Strength v.加強

________________

4.adj.健康的healthy

n.健康

________________

5.adj.正常的normal

adj.不正常的 ________________ adv.不正常地 ________________

6.adj.有害的harmful

n傷害.________________

7.v.忘記 forget

adj.難以忘記的 ________________

8.adj相似的 similar.n.相似性

________________

.9.v.影響affect

n.影響

________________

adj.有效的的 ________________

10.n.記憶力 memory v.記

________________

11.v.跟隨follow

adj.以下的，即將到來的 ________________

12.adv.幾乎不hardly

adj困難的，硬的 ________________

.13.v.任然是，保持remain

adj.剩下的 ________________

Unit 5 1.校園生活 _____________________ 2.application n.____________ v.(運用；申請)___________ n.(申請人，求職者)3.complaint n.____________ v

抱怨伙食 ______________________ 4.absent adj._______________ n

反義詞 _________ adj.(現在的；出席的)_________ n.5 expectation n.___________ v.___________ adv.反義詞 adv._____________(未料到地)6.unfavorable adj.反義詞___________adj._____________ v/n.________________(贊成)7.addtional adj._______________ n._________________ v.__________ ______(增添)8.unhealthy adj.反義詞 _____________ adj.____________ adv(健康地)____________n.9.obvious adj.____________ adv.比較級 _______________ 最高級__________________ 10.realize v._______________ adj._____________________ adv.______________ n.(現實)

Unit 6 1.personality

n..個人，親自

adj.親自的__________

n.個人,個性______________ 2.entertainment n.娛樂

adj.娛樂的__________

v.娛樂______________ 3.attaction

n..吸引

adj.有吸引力的__________

v.吸引____________

4.patience

n.耐心

adj.耐心的_________

adv.耐心地__________ 反義詞：不耐心的____________ n.病人___________ 5.companion

n.伙伴，同伴

v.陪伴___________ 6.amused

adj.感到好笑的 adj.令人發笑的_________

n.娛樂品，消遣____________ 7.energetic

adj.充滿活力的n.能量____________ 8.intelligent

adj.聰明的 n.聰明的____________ 9.develop

v.發展

adj.發達的_________ adj.發展中的__________ n.發展_________ 10.strenghten

v.加強

n.力量，長處_____________ adj.強的，強壯的__________ 11.affect

v.影響

n.影響______________

adj.有效的___________

Unit 8 1.treat v.________ n.2.fight v.___________(過去式)___________(過去分詞).3.understand v.________ n.反義詞 _________ v.___________ n.4.harmony n.________ adj.________ adv.5.happiness n.___________ adj.__________ adv.反義詞 __________adj.6.satisfaction n._________ adj.令人滿意的_________ adj.感到滿意的 ________ v.使….滿意

7.consideration n.________ v.________ adj.體貼的_________ adj.相當大（多）的 8.real adj.________ adv.__________ n.9.merry adj.歡樂的_____________adv.10.valuable adj.有價值的____________n.____________v.______________adj.無價的,非常貴重_____________adj.沒有價值的(反義詞)

Unit 9 1 opportunity n._____________ 近義詞 __________ challenge n.adj.____________ 富有挑戰性的 3 freedom n.adj.____________ 自由的 self-control 自制 類似構詞法單詞 _____________, ____________ 5 ensure v.adj.________確保 complete v.adv._________完全地 7 require v.n.__________要求 8 fulfill v.n.___________成就 9 balance v.adj.__________平衡的 effective adj.n._________ 影響 adv__________有效地

Unit 10 1.celebrate vt._________ n.2.observe vt.__________ n.3.honor n.________ adj.4.attract vt.__________ n.________ adj._________ vt.(反義詞)5.religion n.__________ adj.6.enthusiastic adj._____________ n.7.tradition n.___________ adj.8.culture n._________ adj.9.year n._______ adj.10.day n.________ adj.11.week n._________ adj.12.month n.________ adj.13.greet vt._________ n.14.enthusiasm n.____________ adj.15.cheer vt.________ adj.Unit 11 1.advertisement n.廣告；———_________________v.做廣告 2.effect n.影響；———_______________v.影響

3.complaint n埋怨.;———

________________ v.埋怨 4.energy n.能量；———_________________ adj.精力充沛的 5.advantage n.優點———__________________ n.缺點

6.spend v.花時間———___________（過去式）_________（過去分詞）請填寫介詞spend time_______sth 花時間在某事上

spend time_______ doing sth 花時間做某事 7.avoid_________(do)sth 避免做某事

8.fool n.愚蠢———____________adj.愚蠢的 9.choose v.選擇———___________（過去式）_________（過去分詞）10.cheap adj.便宜的———______________ adj.昂貴的11.popular adj.受歡迎的——_________________ n.歡迎

12．successfully adv.成功地———_______________ adj.成功的 ——__________ n.成功———________________ v.成功

Unit 12

1、appearance n.外貌 vi.出現_________

2、flavor n.味.vt.給…調味； adj.可口的_________

3、smell n.嗅覺 /臭味；vt..嗅 adj.臭的_______adj.無氣味的_______n.聞的人； 觸須_________

4、convenient adj.方便的 反義詞_________ adv.方便地_________ n.方便_________

5、hungry adj.饑餓的；渴望的 adv.饑餓地；渴望地_________ n.餓vi.渴望________

短語：渴望得到 _____________ n.饑餓，荒漠_________

Unit 13 affect影響(v.);n.effect短語（影響）：have an effect/ influence/impact on regularly有規律地;adj.regular;n.regulation;反義形容詞：irregular normal正常的;adv.normally;反義形容詞：abnormal deadly致命的；非常的;adj.dead;n.death;vi.die injury受傷(n.);v.injure;get injured 受傷 bleed流血;n.blood;adj.bloody disease疾病;同義詞（疾病）illness;sickness

Unit 14 heavy adj.____________adv.2.helpful adj.__________（反義）_________________n.beneficial adj.______________n.____________v.短語：_______________________;_______________________________ various adj._____________v.___________________n.短語：許多_____________________ possible adj.______________(反義）_____________adv._________________n.warm adj.________________n.7.drown v._________________adj.environment n.______________adj.________________adv.環保的________________________ inconvenience n._________________（反義）___________________adj.短語:在某人方便的時候____________________________________________ 句型：做某事對于某人來說是方便的_______________________________________________ relief n.__________v.短語：讓某人欣慰的是

Unit 15 1.popular adj.流行的，受歡迎的 _________n.流行，名氣，受歡迎 2.energy n.能量

__________ adj 精力充沛的

3.attractive adj.吸引人的，_________ v.吸引

___________ n.吸引人的事物（地方）

4.devotion n.奉獻，獻身

__________ v.致力于，奉獻 __________ adj.獻身的，忠誠的

5.skillful adj.熟練的__________ adj.有技能的__________ n.技能，技巧 6.achieve v.實現，獲得

____________ n.成就，完成

7.competition n.競賽，比賽

____________ adj.競爭的 __________ v.競爭，比賽

Unit 16 1.tiredness(n.)疲勞 adj.疲勞的_________

2.culture(n.)文化 adj.文化的___________ 3.expense(n.)花費 adj.昂貴的______________

4.insist(v.)堅持

n._________________ visit(v.)拜訪

n.參觀者 __________

6.organize(v.)組織

n.團體______________ enjoy(v.)享受 n.__________ adj.令人愉快的__________ 8.long(adj)長的 n.長度__________ 9.attraction(n.)吸引；吸引游客的事物（或地方）v.吸引____________adj.吸引的_________

10.以下動詞的過去式和過去分詞

fly飛行__________ ________ drive駕駛__________ _________ ride騎________ _________

Unit 17 1.ability能力

adj._________

反義詞__________ 2.failure失敗

v_____________ 反義詞___________ 3.fear害怕；恐懼

近義詞_______ _______ _______ ________ 4.effective有效的n._______ v.________ 短語____________ 5.simple簡單的；簡樸的adv._________ v.______________ 6.think思考；認為

過去式&過去分詞_______________ n._____ 7.polite 反義詞__________

Unit 18(1)donate v.捐贈—(n.)________

(2)endanger v.使遭受危險—(adj.)_______

(3)exist v.存在—(n.)________

(4)hunt v.捕獵—(n.)_______獵人(5)disappear v.消失—(n.)________(6)legal adj.合法的—(反義)_______(7)terrible adj.可怕的；糟糕的—(adv.)________(8)organize v.組織—(n.)________（9）memory n.記憶（力）—(v.)_______

Unit19

1.limit 限制 v.____________限制的adj.____________限制 n.2.organize 組織v.____________組織 n.3.environment 環境 n.____________ 環境的 adj.____________ 環保地.adv.4.energy 能量 n.____________ 充滿能量的 adj.5.consumption 消耗 n.____________消耗 v.6.pollution 污染 n.____________ 污染 v.____________污染的 adj.7.balance平衡n.v.____________平衡的 adj.____________平衡的飲食 8.advice 建議 n.____________ 建議 v.Unit 20 1.change 可變的adj.________

2.build 過去式 ________ 過去分詞

________

3.power 有力量的adj ________ 無能的adj.________ 4.imagine 想象力n.________ develop 發展n.________ 發展中的adj.________ 發達的adj.________

6.satisfy 滿意n.________

滿意的adj..________

7.reason 有道理的n.________

Unit 21 1.nature n.自然 __________ adj._________ adv.2.2.fright n.害怕，恐懼

__________adj._________ adj.___________ vt.3.serious adj.嚴肅的，嚴重的__________ adv.4.terrible adj.糟糕的_________ adv.5.rescue n./vt.救援；援救 _________ n.6.threat n.威脅 __________ vt.7.bad adj.壞的 _________(比較級)_________(最高級)__________ v.(惡化)8.shock n./vt.(使)震驚

___________ adj.(令人震驚的)___________ adj.(感到震驚的)9.rebuild vt._________(過去式)_________(過去分詞)10.condition n.條件____________ adj.Unit 22 2.represent

vt.代表,再贈送_______________ n.代表

3.mysterious adj.典型的，有代表性的adj.神秘的；

____________n.秘密，謎

4.historic

adj.有歷史意義的__________________ n.歷史，歷史學 5.symbol

n.象征；符號；標志 _______________vt.象征；用符號表現 6.ignorance n.無知，愚昧

_________________adj.無知的；愚昧的； 7.wisdom

n.智慧，才智；明智 ________________ adj.明智的；聰明的； 8.forbid

vt.禁止；妨礙，阻止

過去式 ____________ 過去分詞______________現在分詞__________

Unit 23 1.improve v.(改善)________________ n.2.honesty n.(誠實), ___________________ adj.________________________ adv.3.harmonious adj.(和諧的)___________________adv.___________________________ n.4.unforgettable adj.(難以忘懷的)反義詞___________________adj.______________________ v(動詞的過去式和過去分詞)____________________

___________________________ 5.peaceful adj.(和平的)

_________________ adv._______________________n.6.operation n.(手術；操作)_________________ n.(接線員)，______________ v.7.ring v.(打電話)

___________________(過去式)

__________________(過去分詞)

Unit 24 attract 吸引（v.）

吸引人的(adj.)____________ 吸引的人或事物（n.）____________ interview 面試（v.）接受面試的人____________

面試官____________ build 過去式/過去分詞____________ 重建____________ invent 發明(v.)發明家(n.)____________ 教育家____________ 導演____________ actress 女演員

男演員___________ 男侍應____________ 女侍應____________ create 創造(v.)有創造力的(adj.)____________ 創造者____________ beauty 漂亮(n.)漂亮的(adj.)____________ 使…變美(v.)____________ memory 記憶(n.)記住(v.)____________

第三篇：淺析英譯漢翻譯中詞類轉換技巧

淺析英譯漢翻譯中詞類轉換技巧

【摘要】英語作為一門國際語言和交流工具，隨著我國國力的增加，已經在溝通和交流文化及商業中起到了舉足輕重的作用。英語翻譯中，需要了解兩種語言的特點和形式，并利用一些技巧將文章通順及合理地翻譯。文中闡述了英譯漢翻譯過程中的詞類轉換技巧，就某些翻譯中頻頻出現的問題結合具體實例進行了較為詳盡的分析，這對于英譯漢的翻譯和英語更深層次的學習有重要意義。

【關鍵詞】翻譯原則 英譯漢 詞性轉換

一、翻譯原則及詞類轉換的含義

翻譯是在準確，通順的基礎上，把一種語言信息轉變成另一種語言信息的行為，翻譯也是將一種相對陌生的表達方式轉換成熟悉的表達方式的過程。翻譯的主要標準：1.忠實。要忠實原文所要傳達的信息，把原文的信息完整而準確地表達出來。2.通暢。譯文規范，明白易懂，沒有文理不通，結構混亂，邏輯不清的現象。

詞類轉換法是指在翻譯過程中，根據譯文語言的習慣進行相關的變換，不僅是指詞類的轉變，而且還包含詞類功能的改變和一定詞序的變換，英文和中文詞類沒有完全對應的關系，英語單詞有詞性變換，中文沒有，大學英語中經常出現的詞類轉換是名詞，介詞詞組，形容詞轉譯為動詞。

二、詞類轉換的技巧分析

英文翻譯過程中，不少學生都將自己束縛在原文的語法結構、句型以及字數上，往往會出現“生搬硬套”翻譯情況，使得譯文的詞組運動不當、語序不正確，很難將原文的含義表達出來。這些問題主要表現為譯文的上下文連續性不強、沒有達到語境要求以及死譯等。所以，英文翻譯時需要事先比較英文和中文的語言結構和表述習慣。其中，英語以形式為主，而中文則以含義為主。因此，在對這兩種語言進行翻譯時應根據語言的語言特征和邏輯性，盡量不要頻繁對英文進行斷句，否則將破壞英文的連貫性，還會降低文章的嚴謹性。除此之外，針對詞類轉換中出現的詞性或詞序變化問題，需要學生明確英文詞匯間的關系。例如，英文單詞詞性的變化大都是通過詞綴完成的，例如加前綴或后綴，從而產生不同的詞性。而漢語通常都使用動詞。對于這些差異，在翻譯過程中必須要重視起來。

三、詞類轉換的類型

1.名詞轉換為動詞。①表示直覺，感情，欲望的心里狀態的形容詞，如果做表語則在翻譯是經常轉換為動詞，如confident，certain，careful，cautious，angry，sorry，ashamed，thankful，anxious，grateful，able等。例如：He is grateful for her help.譯為：他很感激她的幫助。“grateful”由形容詞“感激的”譯為動詞“感激”。②英語的構詞法中，由動詞轉化來的名詞一般有加前綴，后綴的方式。例如，-ment，-tion，-er….這時，由動詞派生或者含有動詞含義的名詞在翻譯時需要將名詞轉換為動詞。例如：Robots have found application for the exploration of the universe.譯為：機器人已經用來探索宇宙。注：如果這里的“application ”和“exploration”轉化為動詞后，就會使句子語句通順。

2.名詞轉換為形容詞。在英語中由形容詞派生的名詞翻譯起來需要轉化為形容詞，否則會使語句不通順。例如：The new design should offer greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place.譯為：新的設計應該使地震頻發的城市更為安全。注：這里的offer security由中的“security”翻譯時由名詞轉化為形容詞；如果字面意思譯為“提供更大安全”，則不夠地道，感覺很生硬。

3.形容詞轉換為副詞。在英譯漢中，通常將修飾名詞的形容詞譯為副詞。例如：You had better give them a quick glance during communication.譯為：在溝通時，你最好飛快地瞥一眼他們。注：在原句中名詞glance 由形容詞quick修飾，需要在譯文中轉換為副詞。

4.副詞轉換為形容詞。在英譯漢中，修飾英文動詞的副詞經常譯為形容詞。例如：We were most impressed by the fact that those patients were not in good condition.譯為：給我們留下深刻印象的是，那些病人的身體狀況不太好。

5.介詞轉換為動詞。英語中常用介詞表達動詞的含義，翻譯時需將介詞譯為動詞。例如：While she is working，her feet are on the bench.譯為：當她工作時，她的腳放在椅子上。注：這里 on the bench 是介詞短語，需要譯為“放在椅子上”的動詞短語。

四、詞類轉換的注意事項

詞類轉換過程中需要注意：首先要尊重原著的意思，不能為了翻譯的方便而破壞原文本意；其次要注意翻譯詞語和語境與文章上下文之間的聯系，使讀者閱讀時能夠清楚詳盡。此外，在翻譯過程中，需要保證翻譯的通順和精確，這是翻譯的最基本原則和要求，也是成功翻譯的條件。最后一點也是最重要的一點，翻譯時需要將文章中的精髓進行一定的加工，使得作品在遵循原文的基礎上能夠更加貼近文學本身，能夠讓讀者感受到理解文章基本內容的同時有可以學到的新的東西，無論是翻譯技巧還是翻譯的內容中包含的知識。不僅考驗翻譯的功底也同時使得翻譯有更加有意義更加長遠的發展。

五、結論

英文翻譯中詞性轉換是最基本也是最常用的方法，上文結合例句介紹的五類詞性轉化的方法是英譯漢翻譯中最常見的五種，掌握這些會有助于翻譯的成功。對于大學生甚至是研究生來說，把握詞性轉化的方法，做到舉一反三，在此基礎上，有良好的翻譯思想做指導，不生搬硬套，注重意義的理解，通過上下文的貫通以及清晰的邏輯關系，會使文章翻譯的更加順暢，更容易理解，加深我們對英語原文的解讀。

參考文獻：

[1]程兵兵，佘波.從《實用英語》中看英譯漢的基本方法和技巧[J].科技視界，2014，12：218-219.

第四篇：七年級詞性轉換

七年級詞性轉換

1.Shall we meet at the ______ to the Science Museum?(enter)

2._______, he passed the examination after years' hard work.(final)

3._______, Linda failed to pass the exam again.(luck)

4.He made a _______ flower to wish his best friend good _____.(luck)

5.___________.You're really an excellent athlete.(congratulate)

6.Work hard and you will ______ soon.(success)

7.If you want to be _______,you must work harder.(success)

8.With the help of the teacher, I passed the PE examination ______.(success)

9.The girls over there are new _______ at the restaurant.(wait)

10.It is _______ for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon.(possible)

11.I was watching the ______ broadcast of World Cup final at 2 yesterday.12.There are many tourist ________ in Italy.(attract)

13.She is an ________girl.(attract)

14.Brail has won the ___________ of the 2002 World Cup.(champion)

15.He has been in _______ for ten years so he can speak______very well.(Italy)

16.My favourite forward Ronaldo won the ______ Boot Award in 2002.(gold)

17.When my parents were young, they took an _______ part in sports.(act)

18.The audience were ______by the ________ story.(amuse)

19.Italy won the World Cup for the _____ time.(four)

20.He hopes to get a good job after______.(graduate)

21.The woman in blue is Mary's mother.She is a ______.(busy)

22.His father is a famous_______.(science)

23.My math teacher is _______（know）and_______.(social)

24.The restaurant is famous for its excellent______.(service)

25.It is _____ for an ordinary plane to fly into the space.(possible)

26.There is a ___ of four different colors.(choose)

27.Thomas Edison was a famous _______.The light bulb is one of his greatest _______ in the world.(invent)

28.We were greatly _______ at the news.(surprise)

29.We are ______ to hear the _______ news.(surprise)

30.To our great ______, she scored a goal.(surprise)

31.________, Danny passed his _______ examination.(final)

32.Just now our group had a _______ about how to keep healthy.(discuss)

33.He looked as ______as a sportsman.(athlete)

34.Now he knows the ________ of sports and a healthy diet.(important)

35.I've just read an ad about a ______camp.(fit)

36.____ is the mother of success.(fail)

37.His father is a famous ____.(science)

38.The _______ is very kind.He's donated much money to the poor.(million)

39.Mrs.Green asked the kids to help_____ to the food and drinks.(they)

40.Marie Curie won the Nobel Prize ______.(two)

41.Although Bill is a ______, he keeps working hard.(billion)

42.Next week a group of ______ will come to visit our school.(America)

43.Tomorrow will be my father's _______ birthday.We will give them a big surprise.(forty)

44.I think Lucy is too young to take care of ____.(she)

45.The care accident happened on the ____ of December.(twenty)

46.It is ______ for us to learn English well.(importance)

47.Jack is a ____.His job is to put out fire and save people from fire.(fire)

48.If you work hard, I won't be ___ about your study any more.(worry)

49.The students are having a _____ about where to go during summer holiday.(discuss)

50.Let's congratulate him on his great _____.(successful)

51.My uncle used to read ______ stories when he was young.52.My mother often ____ me to learn English well.(advice)

53.Professor Li ____ a wonderful speech at yesterday's meeting.(make)

54.Why not ______ some friends to the party?(invitation)

55.Please open your books and turn to page _____.Let's read the text.(twelfth)

56.The children enjoyed ______ very much in the park last Sunday.(they)

57.We sweep tombs to remember the _____ during Qing Ming Festival.58.We all know that Jinmao Building is one of the _____ building in the world.(high)

59.Are you going ______ or are you going to stay at home during the National Day holiday?

60.A lot of ____ visit Shanghai every day.(tour)

61.Could you tell me the _____ time?(arrive)

62.Hongqiao _______ Airport is far from my home.(nation)

63.That sound very _______.(attract)

64.I phoned my mum and told her I had arrived _____.(save)

65.Lilui phones a travel ______ about a package tour.(agency)

66.Hangzhou has many places of ____.You should go to West lake first.(interestiing)

67.It is too late to ____ the sick woman and she died soon.(safe)

68.There are forty students in my class,____ 18 boys.(include)

69.We can buy the tickets in the _____ office.(book)

70.Our teacher is _____ to us.(friend)

71.The people in Shanghai is ________ than before.(friend)

72.We should learn how to _____ money.(safely)

73.I am worried about the ______ of the children.(safe)

74.Is it a ____ place to swim?(safely)

75.You can travel by coach, underground and light rail.________ you can also travel by maglev.(beside)

76.The Bund ,Jinmao Building ,Yu Garden are the famous _____.(tour)

77.I am your ________ guide, let me show the _______ guide to you.(tour)

78.He comes from _______.(British)

79.It is ______ to swim in the swimming pool than in the river.(save)

80.It is about ten _______ walk to the bus stop.(minute)

81.Our school has a ______ of about 50 years.(history)

82.There are many places of ________ interest in Shanghai.(history)

83.If you visit the Place Museum, you can learn a lot about Chinese _______.84.I want to book a _______ tour to Beijing.(tour)

85.The weather here is _______.(change)

86.Collecting stamps is my ________ hobby.(favour)

87._______ he has read a lot of story books.88.I can _____believe my eyes that he works so _____.(hard)

89.We should study hard to make our country _______.(power)

90.I am ____ sorry that i didn't tell you the _______.(true)

91.At the ________ of the class, we sang an English song.(begin)

92.Have you received the ______ from Mary to her birthday party?(invite)

93.I have never read such an interesting book since my _____.(child)

94.I surf the Internet _____ a week.(two)

95.Mr.Smith moved to a new flat in a high-rise.It is on the _______floor.(thirteen)

96.Sherlock Holmes is a ______ story.(detect)

97.Everyone must plant more and more trees to make our city _____.(green)

98.This is a _____ chair.(wood)

99.The government has decided to ______ the streets.(wide)

100.-Thank you very much.-It's my _______.(please)

101.They had a _______ time at the party.(wonder)

102.We should stop the people from _____ tress at will.(cut)

103.March the _____ is Tree Planting Day.(twenty)

104.Don't be late again.Please come to school _____ next time.(early)105.You can find many ancient _____ in Beijing.(build)

106.This is my _____ times to listen to a concert.(two)

107.It is doctor's duty to make sick people ______.(good)

108.Ten minutes _____, he came into the meeting room hurriedly.(late)

109.What _______ are you going to have for your New Year's party？（act）110.Yesterday, I bought some _____ for my mom.(scarf)

111.The English and Dutch were very _______ to God.(thank)

112.The pair of shoes is too _______.I won't take it.113.You can try the new coat o in the _____ room.(change)

114.What about ______ lantern display?(watch)

115.Susan collected the information from ______ with Zhang Wei.(chat)116.Spring Festival is our _______ Chinese Festival.(tradition)

117.On National Day we have a lot of ______.(celebrate)

118.Good _______ has a good end.(begin)

119.What's your _______? I am American.120.As a doctor, the most important thing is to save the patients' _____.(life)121.What's the _____ of your flat?(locate)

122.We should make a _______ at once now.(choose)

123.I was very _______ by her _________ story.(move)

124.Now there are more and more modern _______ estate in Shanghai.(house)125.Let's make a ________ list before we go to the supermarket, shall we?(shop)126.I can't hear you ______.Please say it again.(clear)

127.The air in the country is much______ than that in the city.(fresh)

128.The _______ were happy to see the great changes in their hometown.(visit)129.The weather is often _____ in Britain.(fog)

130.The Wangs ________ to live in a small house.(use)

第五篇：初中英語詞性轉換

n..act, action anger attention back beauty business care change cheer cleaning clearness collection correction completeness danger death difference excitement

extent, extension fall fear full fool fight fright gladness goodness greed happiness harm heat help height hesitation honesty hope hunger hurry interest invitation joy

kindness

v.act

attendcare change cheer clean clear collect correct complete endanger die differ excite extend fall fear full fool fight frighten

harm heat help

hesitatehope

hurry interest invite enjoy

adj.active angry attentive back beautiful busy careful changeable cheerful clean clear collective correct complete dangerous

dead,dying,deadly different

exciting, excited extensive falling, fallen fearful full foolish fighting

frightful,frightened glad good greedy happy harmful hot helpful high hesitant honest hopeful hungry hurried

interesting,interested inviting joyful

kind, kindly

adv.Active Angrily attentively back

beautifully busily carefully

cheerfully

clearly collectively correctly completely dangerously deadly differently excitedly extensively

fearfully fully foolishly

frightfully gladly well greedily happily harmfully hotly helpfully high

hesitantly honestly hopefully hungrily hurriedly interestedly invitingly joyfully kind

v.add advise answer apologize arrive award begin breathe brush build call carry choose cook copy cost cough cove cry dance decide discover discuss draw dream dress drink drop end enter excuse explain fail feel fish fly inform invent land laugh mail matter

n.addition anvice answer apology arrival award beginning breath brush building call carriage choice cooking copy cost cough cover cry

dance, dancing decision discovery discussion drawing dream

dress, dressing drink drop end entrance excuse

explaination failurefeelings fish, fishing flight

information invention land laugh mail matter

last life loss love luck need opening past person pleasure pollution possibility post,postage pride rain reality relaxation round sadness safety silence situation sleep smile snow success surprise talk taste thanks tradition truth union use

welcome width wonder work worry wound

last live lost lovelyneed open pass

please pollutepostrain realize relax roundsave

situate sleep smile snow succeed surprise talk taste thanktrust unite use

welcome widen wonder work worry wound

last

living, lively

lucky necessary open, opening past personal

pleasant, pleased polluted possible postal proud rainy real

relaxing, relaxant round sad safe silent situational

asleep, sleepy, sleeping

smiling snowy successful

talkative tasteful thankful traditional true united useful welcome wide

wonderful working worried wounded

last lively

luckily necessarily openly past

personally pleasantly

possibly

proudly

really

round，around

safely silently

asleep smilingly

successfully

tastefully thankfully traditionally truly

usefully

widely

wonderfully

worriedlymean meet notice operate organize paint pay perform plan point practise pronounce read recite record report return ring rob run say see sell serve step shop show sing smell smoke sound speak stay stop store study swim telephone typemeaning

meet, meeting notice operation organization paint, painting pay

performce plan point practice

pronunciation reading recitation record report return ring robbery run, running saying

seeing,sight sale service step

shop, shopping show

singing,song smell

smoke, smoking sound speech stay store store study

swim, swimming telephone type