第一篇：初三英語專題_直接引語和間接引語講解及練習(xí)及答案

初三英語專題 直接引語和間接引語講解及練習(xí)

直接引述別人的原話，叫直接引語。用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫間接引語。例：

“I remember I had seen you.” I said.“What’s you name?” she asked.Mary said she had already seen the film.He replied that he was going by train.將直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時要做一些相應(yīng)的變化，主要有以下幾種情況。1.時態(tài)的變化

一般現(xiàn)在時→一般過去時

將來時

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時→過去進(jìn)行時

完成時

現(xiàn)在完成時→過去完成時

例：He said: “I came to help you.””

He said that he had come to help me.*直接引語如果是客觀真理，變間接引語時，時態(tài)不變。

例：He said: “Light travels much faster than sound.”

He said that light travels much faster than sound.2.時間狀語的變化

now →then

last month→the month before

today

一般過去時→過去

一般將來時→過去→that night today→that day three days ago → three days before

tomorrow→ the next day

this week→that week

next month→the next month

yesterday→the day before

the day after tomorrow→in two days

例：She said, “I went there yesterday.”

She said that she had gone there the day before.3.指示代詞的變化

this→that

these→those

She said: “I will come this morning.”

She said that she would go that morning.4.地點(diǎn)狀語的變化

here→there

He said, “My sister was here three days ago.”

He said that his sister had been there three days before.5.謂語動詞的變化

come →go

She said, “I will come here tomorrow.”

She said that she would go there the next day.6.人稱的變化

直接引語變間接引語相當(dāng)于把直接引語變?yōu)橘e語從句。因此直接引語的人稱要做相應(yīng)變化。

①直接引語的主語為第一人稱時，變?yōu)殚g接引語要和主句的主語保持一致。

He said: “I will go to Beijing tomorrow.”

He said that he would go to Beijing the next day.②直接引語的主語為第二人稱時，要和主句的賓語保持一致。

例：He said to me: “You will leave tomorrow.”

He told me that I would leave the next day.③直接引語是第三人稱為主語時，變間接引語時不變。

例：He said to me: “My sister will leave tomorrow.”

He told me that his sister would leave tomorrow.He said to us: “They want to come.”

He told us that they wanted to go.（二）句式的改變

1.直接引語是陳述句時，變成用連詞that（只起連接作用，沒有任何意義）引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，句中時態(tài)、人稱指示代詞、時間、地點(diǎn)等作相應(yīng)變化。

例：He said: “You can swim here.”

He told me that I could swim there.2.直接引語是一般疑問句

直接引語是一般疑問句變成用whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，句中時態(tài)、人稱、指示代詞、時間、地點(diǎn)等作相應(yīng)的變化。

例：Mary asked me: “Are you from England?”

Mary asked me if /whether I was from England.*變?yōu)殚g接引語后要變?yōu)殛愂鼍湫问健?/p>

3.直接引語是選擇疑問句

直接引語是選擇疑問句，變成whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。句中時態(tài)、人稱、指示代詞、時間、地點(diǎn)等要做相應(yīng)的變化。

He asked me: “Do you want a long ruler or a short ruler?”

He asked whether I wanted a long ruler or a short ruler.4.直接引語是特殊疑問句

直接引語是特殊疑問句，變成用原來的疑問詞一樣的連接詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。句中的時態(tài)、人稱、指示代詞、時間、地點(diǎn)等要做相應(yīng)的變化。

John asked me, “Where does Jim come from?”

John asked me where Jim come from.5.直接引語是祈使句

直接引語是祈使句，根據(jù)說話人的語氣變成ask（請讓），tell（告訴），order（命令），warm（警告）sb.to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)；

直接引語是否定祈使句時，要完成ask/tell/order/warn sb.not to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。

例如：She said to me, “Please sit down.”

She asked me to sit down.Mother said to me, “Pass me some salt.”

Mother asked me to pass her some salt.He said to us: “Don’t play in the street.”

He told us not to play in the street.把下列的直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語。1.“I saw a note on my desk.” she said.2.Mother said, “We’ll go to the park tomorrow.” 3.He said to me, “Your brother broke it.” 4.Tom said, “My sister was here three days ago.” 5.“We stayed there for two weeks.” she told me.6.She said, “I have given up smoking.”

7.“We’ve known each other for about three years.” the young man told him.8.“I haven’t seen her these days.” he said.9.“Mother gave me a new book as a present yesterday.” Mary said.10.“Do you like English or Chinese?” the teacher asked me.11.“What did you do yesterday?” she asked me.12.“Would you like an apple?” mother asked me.13.“Don’t open the door.” she said to me.14.“Come here early tomorrow.” the teacher said to us.15.“Did you go to the cinema last night?” she asked.16.“Keep the door closed.” the old man said.17.“Did you go there by train or by bus?” the teacher asked.18.“They are playing on the playground.” Jim said.參考答案

1.She said that she had seen a note on her desk.2.Mother said that they would go to the park the next day.3.He told me that my brother had broken it.4.Tom said that his sister had been there three days before.5.She told me that they had stayed there for two days.6.She said that she had given up smoking.7.The young man told him that they had known each other for about three years.8.He said that he hadn’t seen her those days.9.Mary said that(her)mother had given her a new book as a present the day before.10.The teacher asked me whether I liked English or Chinese.11.She asked me what I had done the day before.12.Mother asked me if/whether I would like an apple.13.She asked me not to open the door.14.The teacher told us to go there early the next day.15.She asked whether/if I had gone to the cinema the night before.16.The old man told me(us)to keep the door closed.17.The teacher asked whether we had gone there by train or by bus.18.Jim said that they were playing on the playground.

第二篇：直接引語變間接引語試題

Mr.green said to them,“Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job” He said,“We insisted that she start immediately” She said,“He demanded that the girl leave at once” I said to him,“I have finished it” She said to us,“I'll come here tomorrow” “Where does your chemistry teacher live ,Karen?”the young man asked.“I ave gained the first place in the mathematics competition ,”the little boy said happily.“ ”Light travels faster than sound,“the physics teacher said to the boys and girls” “Will you ge to the concert with me this evening?”Mary asked me.“What did you do here yesterday ?”the old man asked my brother Lana said ,“I am mad at Marcia” “I go to the library every saturday”Tom said “I will have birthday for him on Firday night”Said Mary “Do you like watching soap operas?” Tony asked me.“What were you doing when the UFO arrived?”The reporter asked me.“Will there be robots in people's homes?”Joan asked Our teacher said to us “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”

John said to Tony.“Can you speak a little slowly?” The radio says.“Tomorrow will be sunny.” “Why do you like koalas?”Lucy asked me “I'm glad to receive your e-mail,” said he.He said to me, “Are you going home this weekend?”

23.“How do you like the food here?” said she.24.She said to me, “Don't ride in the street.”

25.“Stand where you are!” the police said to the young man.請?jiān)谙铝锌瞻滋幪钌线m當(dāng)?shù)脑~語，使句意不變。

1． She said, “Are you from the south?”

She asked ________ I ________ from the south.2.Mom said to me, “Don't tell a lie.”

Mom ________ me ________ ________ tell a lie.3． Susan said to me, “We visited the Red Star Farm last week.”

Susan told me that ________ ________ ________ the Red Star

Farm ________ ________ ________.4． Mr Paul said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.”

Mr Paul ________ us that light ________ faster than sound.5． “Go and post the letters,” the manager said to him.The manager ________ him ________ ________ and post the letters.6."Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.（變?yōu)殚g接引語）He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help．

7.Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know.(改為間接引語)Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday.Mr.green said to them that Joe told him all about his story when he asked for a job.2 He said that they were insisted that she start immediately.3 She said that He demanded that the girl leave at once.4 I said to him that I had finished it.5 She said to us that she would come here the next day.6 The young man asked Karen Where your chemistry teacher lived.7 the little boy said happily He had gained the first place in the mathematics competition the physics teacher said to the boys and girls that Light travels faster than sound.9 Mary asked me if I would get to the concert with her that evening.10 the old man asked my brother What you did here yesterday.11 Lana said she was mad at Marcia.12 Tom said he went to the library every saturday.13Tom said he would have birthday for him on Firday night.14 Tony asked me if you liked watching soap operas.15The reporter asked me What you were doing when the UFO arrived.16 Joan asked there would be robots in people's homes.17 Our teacher said to us a friend in need was a friend indeed.78 John said to Tony if you could speak a little slowly.19 The radio says Tomorrow would be sunny.20 Lucy asked me Why I liked koalas.21.He said that he was glad to receive my e-mail.22.He asked me if I was going home that weekend.23.She asked how I liked the food there.24.She told me not to ride in the street.25 The police ordered the young man to stand where he was.II.1.if / whether;was 2.told;not to 3.they had visited;the week before 4.told;travels 5.told;to go 6.if;need 7.if came

第三篇：直接引語與間接引語教案

語法

直接引語與間接引語

1.間接引語的概念和變化規(guī)律

①間接引語是用自己的話去轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話。

②引用或轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話時，采用兩種形式：一是一字不改的將別人的話加以引用，這叫直接引語；二是用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述，這叫做間接引語。一般地講，直接引語須放在括號內(nèi)，間接引語不必用引號，而用賓語從句表達(dá)。例：She said“I was ill yesterday”.她說：“昨天我病了?！?/p>

→She said that she had been ill the day before.她說她前一天病了。⒉直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，人稱代詞要根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)述人的立場作相應(yīng)的變動。例：He said ,“I am busy.” →He said that he was busy.⒊間接引語中動詞時態(tài)的變化。

① 當(dāng)引述的動詞為現(xiàn)在時形式，間接引語中的動詞時態(tài)不變。例：Tom says,“Our teacher is kind to us.”

→Tom says that their teacher is kind to them.② 當(dāng)引述動詞為過去時形式時，間接引語中的動詞作如下變化： 一般現(xiàn)在時→一般過去時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時→過去進(jìn)行時 現(xiàn)在完成時→過去完成時一般過去時→過去完成時 過去完成時→不變一般將來時→過去將來時 例：He said,“I will leave for Beijing tomorrow”.→He said that he would leave for Beijing the next day.注：如果所轉(zhuǎn)述的內(nèi)容表示客觀真理或有表示某一具體時間的狀語，間接引語中動詞的時態(tài)不變。

例：The teacher said,“The earth is round.”老師說：“地球是圓的?！?→The teacher said that the earth is round.例：He said,“I was born in 1980.”他說：“我出生于1980年?！?→He said that he was born in 1980.⒋直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，指示代詞、時間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語和表示“方向”動詞的變化。（略）

⒌直接引語是是陳述句時，間接引語用that引導(dǎo)為賓語從句。

直接引語是陳述時，間接引語用that 引導(dǎo)，但在口語中that可以省去。從句中的人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語和狀語等要作相應(yīng)變化。例：She said to me,“I came back an hour ago.”她對我說：“我一小時以前回來的?！?→She told me that she had come back an hour before.注：直接引語是陳述句時，主句動詞“said to sb”可以改為“told sb.”,也可不變。

⒍直接引語是一般疑問句、選擇疑問句和反意疑問句時，間接引語中用whether或if引導(dǎo)。① 原句若為一般疑問句時，則用whether或if轉(zhuǎn)述；原句若為選擇疑問句時，用whether…or../…or not;原句若為反意疑問句，則常用whether或if轉(zhuǎn)述.② 疑問句語序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z序。③ 主句中的謂語動詞為said時，要改為asked；沒有間接引語時，可以加一個間接賓語（如me ,him等）。④ 句末用句號。

⑤ 從句中的人稱、動詞時態(tài)和狀語等也要作相應(yīng)變化。例：He said,“Are you interested in English?”他說：“你對英語感興趣嗎？” →He asked me if/whether I was interested in English.⒎直接引語為特殊疑問句時，間接引語用原句中的wh-類的詞引導(dǎo)。

如果直接引語是特殊疑問句，改為間接引語時，仍用原句中的wh-類的詞引導(dǎo)，其余的變化同直接引語為一般疑問句中的情況②-⑤條一樣。“What is your name?”he asked me.他問我：“你叫什么名字？” →He asked me what my name was.⒏直接引語是祈使句時，在間接引語中用作賓語補(bǔ)足語。

① 須將原祈使句中謂語動詞變成不定式；如果祈使句為否定句，則用不定時的否定形式，即在不定式前面加not。

② 原主句謂語動詞said 須改為asked,told,ordered,warned或advised等含有祈使意義的能帶賓補(bǔ)的及物動詞，③ 原句有“please”時，主句謂語多用asked（請求）。

總之，直接引語是祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語可用如下的結(jié)構(gòu)：“主語+asked/+told/advised sb.(not)to do sth.”

⒐直接引語是感嘆句時，間接引語可用what/how或that為引導(dǎo)詞。

直接引語是感嘆句變間接引語時刻仍用what/how引導(dǎo)，次序不變，也可用that引導(dǎo)，將句子變成相應(yīng)的名詞從句。

例：She said,“What a lovely day it is!” →She said what a lovely day it was.

第四篇：直接引語變間接引語語法講解及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)(含答案)

直接引語變間接引語語法講解

（內(nèi)部資料，僅供參考）

一.直接引語和間接引語的定義

直接引語是直接引述別人的原話，原話有引號，被引用或復(fù)述的部分被稱為直接引語。

用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，被轉(zhuǎn)述的部分被稱為間接引語。間接引語通常在句中以賓語從句的形式出現(xiàn)。二.直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語的方法（1）人稱

人稱變化可以遵循如下順口溜“一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新”。

“一隨主”是指在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化，如：

She said.“My brother wants to go with me.”→She said her brother wanted to go with her.“二隨賓”是指直接引語變間接引語時，若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱，或被第二人“你”所修飾，從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號外的主句沒有賓語，也可以用第一人稱，如：He said to Kate，“How is your sister now?”→He asked Kate how her sister was then.“第三人稱不更新”是指直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化，如：

Mr.Smith said，“Jack is a good worker.”→Mr.Smith said Jack was a good worker.（2）時態(tài)

直接引語在改為間接引語時，時態(tài)需要做相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。也就是說從句時態(tài)要和主句時態(tài)一致。如果從句是過去時，主句要向后退一個時態(tài)，變成一般過去時。

1.She said.“I have lost a pen.” →She said she had lost a pen.（現(xiàn)在完成 —— 過去完成）

2.She said.“We hope so.” →She said they hoped so.(一般現(xiàn)在 — 一般過去)

3.She said,“He will go to see his friend。”

→She said he would go to see his friend.(一般將來 → 過去將來)

但要注意在以下幾種情況下。在直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)一般不變化。①直接引語是客觀真理。如：

“The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth”, theteacher told me.→ The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around theearth。②直接引語是過去進(jìn)行時，時態(tài)不變。如：

Jack said, “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?”

→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.③直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。如： Xiao Wang said，“I was born on April 20, 1980.”

→Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.④直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時。表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動作，變間接引語，時態(tài)不變。如： He said, “I get up at six every morning.”

→He said he gets up at six every morning.（3）其它

直接引語變間接引語，具有指代性的詞也需要變化，一些具體變化如下：

指示代詞this---thatthese---those

表示時間的詞now---thentoday---that day this week(month, etc.)---that week(month, etc.)yesterday---the day beforelast week(month)---the week(month)before three days(a year)ago---three days(a year)beforetomorrow---the next(following)daynext week(month)---the next(following)week(month)

表地點(diǎn)的詞 here---there 動詞 bring---take come---go

三、句型：①直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。句中常用say，tell 等如： She said, “Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”

→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.②直接引語如果是反義疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由if或whether（是否）引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中常用ask

如： He said, “Can you swim, John?” →He asked John if he could swim.“You have finished the homework, haven?t you?” my mother asked.→ My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.“Do you go to school by bus or by bike?”

→ He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.③直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應(yīng)該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（賓語從句必須用陳述句語序）。句中常用ask

He said ,”where was she going?” →he asked where she was going.She asked me, “When do they have their dinner?”

→ She asked me when they had their dinner.④直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應(yīng)改為“tell(ask,)sb.(not)to do sth.”句型。

如： “Don?t make any noise,” she said to the children.→ She toldthe children not to make any noise.“Bring me a cup of tea, please,” said she.→ She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.直接引語變間接引語練習(xí)題

一、專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1．He said: “I?ve left my book in my room.”2．She said: “He will be busy.”

3．She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”4．She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”5．The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”

6．The teacher said to the students, “Don?t waste your time.”7．The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”8．The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”9．My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”

10．The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”

二、鞏固練習(xí)：

1.Our teacher asked us _____ our dictionaries to school.A.bringB.broughtC.bringD.to bring 2.The teacher told the boy students ______ football on the grass.A.not playB.not to playC.playedD.playing 3.____ Tom didn?t go to school?

A.Do you know howB.Why do you knowC.How you know whyD.Do you know why

4.She looks sad.Could you please tell me _____ that prevents her from being as happy as before?

A.what it isB.it is whatC.how it isD.it is how

5.Betty asked her sister ____ to the railway station to see her off.A.not to comeB.not to goC.to not comeD.to not go 6.The pupil asked his teacher _____ round the earth.A.weather the moon goesB.that the moon went C.whether the moon goesD.whether the moon went 7.Mr.Li ____ Wang Ling ____ a taxi to the airport.A.asked;takeB.asked;takingC.told;takeD.told;to take 8.She asked him ____.A.whose dictionary this isB.whose dictionary that was C.whose dictionary is thisD.whose dictionary that is 9.Do you know ____?

A.what is he doingB.what he doing

C.what he is doingD.what does he do now 10.I don?t know ___ to learn English.A.when did he beginB.when he beganC.he when beganD.when he begins 11.Can you guess ____?

A.what is that manB.who that man isC.whom that man isD.who is that man 12.I wonder how much ___.A.does he spend on his carB.did he spend on his car C.he spent on his carD.he spent in his car

專項(xiàng)練習(xí)答案：

1． He told me that he had left his book in his room.2． She said that he would be busy.3． She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.4． She asked me whether that book was mine or his.5． The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.6． The teacher told the students not to waste their time.7． The mother asked Tom to get up early.8． The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.9． My father said practice makes perfect.10． The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.鞏固練習(xí)答案：

1—5DBDAB;6—10CDBCB；11-12BC

第五篇：直接引語變間接引語常用的三種情況

直接引語變間接引語常用的三種情況

1、陳述句變成間接引語（1）“I am a teacher“ she said.She said that she was a teacher.“You don't tell her my telephone number” he said.He said(that)I didn't tell her his telephone number.要注意時態(tài)的變化

一般現(xiàn)在時變成一般過去時。一般過去時變成過去完成時，現(xiàn)在完成時變成過去完成時，一般將來時變成過去將來時，this 變成that these變成those, here 變成there ,today變成that day, yesterday 變成the day before, tomorrow 變成next day, the day after tomorrow變成in two days' time，now 變成then等等。

2、將一般疑問句變成間接引語

在這樣的句子中要加“if“ “是否”的意思。（1)”Are you a student?“ She asked me if I was a student.她問我是否是一位學(xué)生。

將原來的疑問句放在if 后面,但語順變成肯定式的語順。另外 還可以用whether 來表示。She asked me whether I was a student.1 / 11

(2)”Did you finish your work yesterday?“ He asked me if I have finished my work the day before.3.將特殊疑問句變成間接引語 ”What time is it?“ He asked me what time it was.”When will you go to town?“ He asked me when would I go to town.在這樣的句子里除疑問詞放在間接引語的前面外，后面也是陳述句的語序。

注意，間接引語中的that 可以省略。

一、如何變?nèi)朔Q：

下面有一句順口溜“一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新”?！耙浑S主”是指在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化如：

She said.”My brother wants to go with me.”→She said her brother wanted to go with her.“二隨賓”是指直接引語變間接引語時，若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱?；虮坏诙四闼揎?。從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號外的主句沒有賓語。也可以用第一人稱，如：

He said to Kate.“How is your sister now?”→He asked

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Kate how her sister was then。

“第三人稱不更新”是指直接引語變間接引語時。如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如：

Mr.Smith said?！癑ack is a good worker?！薄鶰r.Smith said Jack was a good worker。

二、如何變時態(tài)：

直接引語在改為間接引語時、時態(tài)需要做相應(yīng)的調(diào)整?，F(xiàn)在時它需改為過去時態(tài)；過去時態(tài)改為完成時；過去完成時則保留原來的時態(tài)。如：

1)She said.“I have lost a pen.”→She said she had lost a pen 2)She said.“We hope so.”→She said they hoped so.3)She said.“He will go to see his friend?！薄鶶he said he would go to see his friend。

但要注意在以下幾種情況下。在直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)一般不變化。①直接引語是客觀真理。

“The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me.→ The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。

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②直接引語是過去進(jìn)行時，時態(tài)不變。如：

Jack said.”John, where were you going when I met you in the street?“→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.③直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。如：

Xiao Wang said.”I was born on April 2l, 1980?！?→Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。

④直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時。表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動作，變間接引語，時態(tài)不變。如：

He said, ”I get up at six every morning?！?→He said he gets up at six every morning。

⑤如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去時的形式（例：ought to，had better, used to)和已經(jīng)是過去時的形式時，（例：could, should, would, might）不再變。如： Peter said.”You had better come have today?！?→Peter said I had better go there that day。

三、如何變狀語：

直接引語變間接引語，狀語變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)律，時間狀語由“現(xiàn)在”改為“原來（”例：now變?yōu)閠hen, yesterday。變?yōu)?the day before）地點(diǎn)狀語，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代詞修飾的狀語，由“此”改為“彼（”例：this 改

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為that),如：

He said, ”These books are mine.“ →He said those books were his.四、如何變句型：

①直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。如：She said, ”O(jiān)ur bus will arrive in five minutes.“→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.②直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句.如：He said, ”Can you swim, John?“ →He asked John if he could swim.”You have finished the homework, haven?t you?“ my mother asked.→My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.”Do you go to school by bus or by bike?“ →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.③直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應(yīng)該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（賓語從句必須用陳述句語序）。

She asked me, ”When do they have their dinner?“→ She asked me when they had their dinner.5 / 11

④直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應(yīng)改為”tell(ask, order, beg等)sb(not)to do sth.“句型。如：

”Don?t make any noise,“ she said to the children.→She told(ordered)the children not to make any noise.”Bring me a cup of tea, please,“ said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.⑤直接引語如果是以“Let?s”開頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常用“suggest +動句詞（或從句）。”如： He said, ”Let?s go to the film.“ →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.引述別人的話有兩種方式：一是使用引號引出人家的原話，這叫做直接引語；一是用自己的話把人家的話轉(zhuǎn)述出來，這叫做間接引語。例如：

John said, ”I?m going to London with my father.“ 約翰說：”我要和父親到倫敦去。（“引號內(nèi)是直接引語）John said that he was going to London with his father.約翰說，他要和他父親去倫敦。（賓語從句是間接引語）由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語，分以下情況：

1． 直接引語是陳述句時

間接引語為that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（口語中that可以省略），主句的引述動詞主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain，6 / 11

think等。

He said , ”You are younger than I.“-?He said(that)I was younger than him.2.直接引語是疑問句時

間接引語為陳述語序：主句的謂語動詞say 改為ask,或改為wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。

（1）一般疑問句或反意疑問句變?yōu)閕f(whether)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。

She said, ”Do you often come here to read newspapers?“ →She asked me if(或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.She asked me , ”You have seen the film, haven?t you?“ →She asked me whether(或if)I had seen the film.（2）選擇疑問句變?yōu)閣hether….or 賓語從句。I asked him, ”Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?“ →I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.(3)特殊疑問句變?yōu)橛稍瓉淼囊蓡栐~引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。He asked , ”Where do you live?“ →He asked me where I lived.7 / 11

3.直接引語是祈使句時 間接引語為不定式，作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等動詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語（don?t 變?yōu)閚ot）.The teacher said to the boy, ”O(jiān)pen the window.“→The teacher told the boy to open the window.His father said to him , ”Don?t leave the door open.“→His father told him not to leave the door open.[注意]（1）有些表示建議、提議、勸告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等動詞 加以轉(zhuǎn)述。例如： He said, ”Let?s go to the theatre.“

→He suggested(our)going to the theatre.或He suggested that we(should)go to the theatre.(2)”Would you mind opening the window?“ he asked.→He asked me to open the window.”Why don?t you take a walk after supper?“ he asked.→he advised me to take a walk after supper.”Shall we listen to the music?“ he asked.→He suggested listening to the music.4.直接引語是感嘆句時

間接引語為what 或how 引導(dǎo)，也可以用that 引導(dǎo)。She said, ”What a lovely day it is!“

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→She said what a lovely day it was.或She said that it was a lovely day.5．如果主句謂語動詞為各種現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時，則間接引語中的動詞仍保持直接引語原來時態(tài)。如果主句謂語動詞為過去時，間接引語中的動詞時態(tài)按下列變化：

（1）一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時（2）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時變?yōu)檫^去進(jìn)行時（3）一般將來時變?yōu)檫^去將來時（4）現(xiàn)在完成時變?yōu)檫^去完成時（5）一般過去時變?yōu)檫^去完成時

（6）過去完成時不變，仍為過去完成時 [注意]（1）如果直接引語是表示客觀真理時，變?yōu)殚g接引語，一般現(xiàn)在時不改為一般過去時。如： The teacher said ”The earth goes round the sun.“ →The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.（2）如果直接引語中有明確表示過時間的狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，一般過去時不改為過去完成時。如： He said to me, ”I was born in 1973.“ →He told me that he was born in 1973.(3)如果直接引語所述事實(shí)在當(dāng)時和目前同樣生效，變

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為間接賓語時，一般現(xiàn)在時不改為一般過去時。如： He said, ”I?m a boy, not a girl.“

→He said that he is a boy ,not a girl.(4)如果直接引語中的謂語動詞表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣動作，在變?yōu)殚g接引時，一般現(xiàn)在時不改為一般過去時。如：

The girl said, ”I get up at six every morning.“ →The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.(5)如果直接引語中含有since, when, while 引導(dǎo)的表示過去時間的狀語從句，在變?yōu)殚g接引語時，只改變主句中的謂語動詞，從句的一般過去時則不變。如： He said to me, ”I have taught English since he came here.“ →He told me that he had taught English since he came here.(6)如果直接引語中含有情態(tài)動詞 must, need, had better以及情態(tài)動詞的過去式could, might, should, would,在變?yōu)殚g接引語時，這些情態(tài)動詞沒有時態(tài)的改變。例如：

The teacher said to me.”You must pay more attention to your pronunciation.“ →The teacher told me that I must(have to)pay more attention to my pronunciation.10 / 11

He said , ”I could swim when I was only six." →He said that he could swim when he was only six.6.代詞等一般地應(yīng)作用相應(yīng)的變化。指示代詞 this —that these— those 表示時間的詞 now —then today—that day this week(month ,etc)—that week(month ,etc)yesterday—the day before last week(month)—the week(month)before three days(a year)ago—three days(a year)before tomorrow—the next(following)day next week(month)—the next(following)week(month)表地點(diǎn)的詞 here—there 動詞 bring—take

come—go

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