第一篇：語音短文

2.Fast Food Fast-food restaurants are very popular because the service is fast and the food is inexpensive.For many people, this is more important than the quality of the food.These restaurants are also popular because the food is always the same.People know that if they eat in a company’s restaurant in the north or south of the city, the food will be same.If they eat in New York or London, it will still be the same.Fast service and low cost are important in the United States.One reason is that about 50 percent of all married women with children work outside the home.They are too busy and too tired to cook dinner every night.3.Slow Food Italians know and love good food.It’s at the heart of their culture.They don’t like to rush through their meals, either.In 1986, something happened in Italy.A McDonald’s opened in Rome.Many Italians were surprised and angry.They thought, “This is an attack on Italian culture!” One man, Carl Petrini, decided to fight back.”Fast food is the enemy,” he said.He started a group called Slow Food.Today, about 80 000 people from over 100 countries belong to the group.It began as a humorous but determined attempt to preserve Italian foods and support small restaurants from pressures of international fast food companies.It has grown into an international movement to preserve local foods and culinary traditions and to conserve agricultural biodiversity.Fast food is reaching more and more parts of the world.But Slow Food is getting its message to more and more people, too.4.The English Dictionary How many words are there in the English dictionary? If you had asked that question in the 1806, the answer would have been 28 000.In 1822, the answer would have been 70 000.Today the question is difficult to answer because there are many kinds of dictionaries.The number of the words depends on how inclusive the dictionary is.For example, there are apparently some one million insects already described, with several million more awaiting description.It is indeed hard to see how even a conservative estimate of English vocabulary could go much below a million words.A complete and exhaustive English dictionary today, therefore, would probably contain around 650 000 words.Don’t worry, though , few people use more than 60 000 words!

5.Electric Cars People are interested in making electric cars as early as the 1840s.One small electric car was made then, but it didn’t work well.Then, in 1912, General Motors produced an electric truck.These electric vehicles were of course not made for the public to buy.General Motors was the first to try again in the last decade.It was a big challenge.An electric car needs a battery.But the batteries are heavy and don’t work well.None of them could power a car far enough or long enough.And the new technology cost a lot.They did succeed finally.The car they built was called EV1 and it became available in California in 1998.It was the first electric car designed and sold by a large automobile company.6.Folklore------Stories of Cultures Past Folklore is the study of culture and history that is passed on through oral literature.The word “oral” means relating to the mouth, especially the spoken word.Oral literature includes stories, poems, and songs that are passed on by word of mouth.They are passed between family members and residents of villages, and one generation to the next.Before written language and books, and long before computers, people passed information orally------by telling stories and singing songs.In some parts of the world, the oral tradition is still the primary way of communication.There are many different purposes of these songs and stories.Some stories and songs taught religious beliefs;other celebrated romance and the triumph of good over evil.Still others gave important moral lessons, especially to children.Many of these stories contained supernatural elements like fairies, witches and magic spells.7.Your Sense of Taste Taste is one of our five senses.The others are hearing, sight, touch, and smell.You hear with your ears, you see with your eyes, and you taste things with your tongue.On your tongue, you have groups of tiny taste buds.Taste buds send information about food to your brain.You have a lot of taste buds, maybe even 10 000!People don’t have the same number of them.Women often have more taste buds than men.Because of your taste buds, foods like ice cream and bananas taste sweet.French fries, cheese, and ocean water taste salty.Lemons have a sour taste, and coffee is bitter.We all know about these four main tastes: sweet, salty, sour and bitter.Why does a sense of taste matter? For one thing, it helps people decide on safe things to eat.And of course, thanks to your sense of taste, you can enjoy all your favorite foods

8.Rainforests------Wonders of Nature Tropical rainforests are one of the earth’s richest and most fascinating areas.They are found in eighty-five countries in the world.These damp, dense forests thrive in Central and South America, Australia, and Southeast Asia.Although these areas cover just about ten percent of the earth’s surface, over forty percent of the world’s plant and animal species are found in the rainforests.Many of them are found nowhere else on earth.The rainforests are very important to the world.It actually contributes to the climate of the areas in which they live, helping to sustain rainfall.The thick trees also help turn carbon dioxide into oxygen, which is necessary for humans to live.It is believed that the rainforests contain important plants that will cure the serious and deadly diseases of today.Because of its vital contribution to the environment, and its limitless possibilities for science discovery, preservation of the rainforest should be a priority for worldwide.9.Giving a man a fish

There is an old saying: “Give a man a fish;you have fed him for today.Teach a man a fish, and you have fed him for a lifetime.” This saying, however, may no longer be true today.The reason is overfishing.The problem of overfishing is spreading.Since anyone can fish, many people do.Around the world, the number of fishermen and fish farmers is growing.The total has more than doubled in the past 25 years.When too many people fish, too many fish are caught.The days of teaching people to fish may be over.New solutions to this problem must be found, before there are no more fish to eat.10.A Big Head and a Big Mouth An idiom is a group of words with a special meaning.The words in the idiom do not have their usual, ordinary meanings.English is full of idioms.You know some already, and you will certainly know more.Many idioms mention parts of body: the head, the hands ,the heart, and so on.You might hear a girl say, “my brother’s getting a big head.” The boy’s head isn’t growing!A big head is an idiom: This boy thinks he is very important and special.His sister doesn’t think he is.She says that he’s getting too confident.A friend might tell you, “Be careful.That girl has a big mouth.” the literal meaning is That girl’s mouth is large.However, have a big mouth is also an idiom.Your friend means the girl talks too much or she tells other people’s secrets.Your friend is giving you some advice: You shouldn’t tell that girl any private information.You can’t trust her to keep quiet.11.Comfort Food It’s natural for people to eat when they’re hungry.But people eat for other reasons, too.Do you ever eat because you’re with friends and everyone else in eating? Do you ever eat because you’re tired, or because you are under stress? Many people do.People often eat to feel better.When people eat to feel better, they don’t eat just anything.They want specific kinds of food.They want food that helps them relax.They want comfort food.What is comfort food? For most people, it's food that is easy to prepare.It is often soft, so it is easy to eat.Eating it gives people a warm feeling.Sometimes it is a type of food that people loved as children.Maybe they used to eat it at specific times or places.Maybe it is food their mother used to make.Comfort food makes people feel “Somebody’s taking care of me.”

Yes.People eat to feel better.But more often, they eat comfort foods when they already feel happy.They eat them to celebrate or reward themselves.12.A Myth------a Cultural Story

A myth is a complicated cultural story.It describes the beginnings and other basic parts of culture.Myths tell, for example, how the world began, how people and animals were created, and how certain customs started.Myths are not the same as fairy tales.Myths usually talk about a time before history, or before the world began.They more serious and more supernatural than fairy tales.Their purpose is not only to certain people, but to teach them about the foundation of a culture.Myths are often thought of as religious stories, because they talk about gods and other supernatural beings.However, myths go beyond religious beliefs.Therefore, they can tell us about many parts of human life and culture, not just religion.13.Selling an Old House A man was tired of living in his old house in the country and wanted to sell it and buy a better one.He attempted to sell it for a long time, but was not successful, so at last he decided to solve a problem by using a real estate agent.The agent promptly advertised the house and a few days later, the owner saw a very attractive photograph of the house, with a wonderful description of its gardens, in an expensive magazine.After he read the advertisement through, the house owner hastened to telephone the real estate agent.“I’ m sorry, Mr.Jones, ”

said the man, “but I’ve decided not to sell my house after all.Do you know why? After reading your advertisement in that magazine, I can see that it’s exactly the king of house I’ve wanted to live in all my life.”

Speech So what is beauty? Does it mean that you will look beautiful when you wear new a dress or get a new car? Not necessary.As far as I see, beauty is a feeling and you just need to find something to feel.We all experienced that when someone get into your heart because of some reasons, you will kind of think the one beautiful or handsome.I can't say Michael Jackson is handsome but his dance and his music has conquered many people around the world.And James LeBron, the NBA basketball star, is not pretty either, but millions of people get crazy about him.So you see beauty is not just about appearance.And what makes you think someone is beautiful or handsome? It may be appearance, but mostly it's not because of this as there are so many other qualities which can make a chorus on us.I think everyone has got his own personal quality, for example, a teacher's excellent in teaching, a worker's good skills in construction or a athlete's persistence in running, these are all good qualities of their own.And to us--students at school, study comes first.So don't care too much about your clothes cause that's not a tag of student.Appearance ? Well, I don't think anyone is ugly.

第二篇：語音教學計劃

五年級語音計劃

第一學期：復習鞏固語音操，培養學生自己認讀單詞，自學詞匯的能力，指導學生閱讀英語小文章，能夠看懂簡單英語文章。要求：新授單詞指導學生自學，教師適當點撥。教研組利用教研時間帶領每組教師共同整理本學期英語閱讀練習材料，每節課按計劃進行滲透練習。（階段性語音口試檢測，英語書寫比賽）

第二學期：復習鞏固語音操，加強學生自學詞匯的能力，指導學生學會使用英語字典，提高學生的英語閱讀能力。要求：新授單詞指導學生自學，教師適當點撥。教研組利用教研時間帶領每組教師共同整理本學期英語閱讀練習材料，每節課按計劃進行滲透練習。（階段性口試檢測，級部英語閱讀能力檢測）

第三篇：語音教學計劃

三位一體語音教學計劃（新版劍橋一級共分19 節課音素5 節，字母4 節，開音節字母組合 4 節，音標6 節）語音階段總體教學目標：使學生學會自主拼讀單詞，音標。語音階段學生自主拼讀量至少在 500---1000 詞。從第一次課就開始鼓勵學 生學語音最終能力就是獨立進行拼讀，語音階段誰拼讀又快又準，我們將 評出一級（500—690 詞），二級（700—890 詞），三級（900—1000 詞）拼 讀之星，我們每次上課，補課為學生進行累計，最后對學生進行獎勵。讓 學生在語音階段保持持久的興趣。語音階段單詞教學（包括中心詞，擴展 詞），口語教學，歌曲，歌謠教學絕對不是一堂課的主要目標（這一點一定 要和家長講清楚，口語教學只是初步培養學生語感，能簡單交流即可，歌 曲，歌謠只是為活躍課堂氣氛，調動學生學習積極性），主要目標就是使學 生能夠自由拼讀，如學習字母 a 的短音，隨便給學生 a 的短音單詞，bap,hap ,chas ,sham等等，學生能夠脫口而出；學完元音，輔音音標馬上 進行拼讀音標詞：∕bet∕∕se Im∕∕’pIlet∕∕’ kwIklI∕；學完∕ i: ∕的讀音規則 ea,ee 通常情況下讀∕ i:∕,讓學生馬上進行符合規則的單 詞拼讀 Beef, meat。這是我們每節課的核心目標，而且要占大段時間練習的。學校統一為學生錄制一本磁帶。包括口語，口語不做嚴格要求，作業 單中可以不打口語內容。教師根據本班實際情況來定。包括下面計劃，每 節課內容可進行適當整合，但一個原則，保證學生能夠學會，而且內容還 不能太多。具體目標如下： 1.熟練讀寫26 個大小寫字母，48 個音標。背誦直呼表。2.五個元音字母在開閉音階中讀音,能夠快速見詞讀音。Cat bate but bute not note bit bite these het 3.能夠熟練拼讀常見元音，輔音字母組合的單音節詞。Beef, meat, food thes quit chick etc.4.能夠熟練拼讀單音節及雙音節音標詞。Eg: ∕bet∕∕se Im∕∕’pIlet∕∕’ kwIklI∕ 5.符合規律的單音節詞能夠見詞讀音，聽音寫詞。6.口語內容要求中等以上學生能夠脫口而出，簡單替換，中等以下學生要 求能夠獨處即可，口語不對學生做嚴格要求，考核，讓學生量力而學。錄 音作業不要求學生錄口語句子。學校統一為學生錄制一本磁帶。包括口語，口語不做嚴格要求，作業單中可以不打口語內容。7.歌曲，歌謠要求學生能夠集體唱出即可。每課目標如下： 第一課： 第 一 個 45 分 LK 1.導言 2 Enable Ss to master some knowledge of English.3Hi!Morning!Hello Good morning!4 一首歌曲 LA 1.Ss can master some knowledge of English.2.Ss can say the oral sentences and sing a song.第 二 個 45 分 LK 1 直呼表前11 個音素 2 a 的短音 1Enable Ss to master the pronunciation of “ a”.2Enable Ss to master some words(三會：bag ,cat ,sand ,hat ,map)and sentences(Hi!Morning!Hello!Good morning!PAU1)3.Learn a chant : Hello,hello,hello,hello,Monkey,Munchy.Hello,hello,hello,hello,Panda,pandy Hello,hello,hello,hello,dog,doffy Hello,hello,hello,hello, cat,catty!(PAP4--5)LA 1Ss can master the pronunciation of a.2Ss can pronounce some words including “a”,and sentences.(Hi!Morning!Hello!Good morning!)小課 測試 聽寫音素，單詞聽音標號，教材中習題。過關 a 的短音單詞沒有拼過的詞，輔音音素。第二 課： 第 一 個 45 分 LK 1 直呼后一半直呼表。2The pronunciations of the words including “e”,bed,desk ,pen,pencil ,egg.2.To distinguish the pronunciations between a and e in the words.LA 1.Ss can pronounce the words including “e” in closed syllable 2Ss can distinguish the pronunciations between “a” and “e” in the words.第 二 個 45 分 LK 1 復習直呼 Review the pronunciations a and e 2Oral sentences :Your

name ,please ?I?m Sam.Nice to meet you.(SAU1)3 Song :Hello!,Hello!Hello!Your name ,please ?I?m Sam.Nice to see you!(SAP5--8)LA 1.Ss can pronouce some more words including A and E freely.2.Ss can use the oral sentences and sing the song above.小課 測試 聽寫音素，單詞聽音標號，教材中習題。過關 a,e 的短音單詞沒有拼過的詞.第三課 第 一 個 45 分 LK 1The pronunciations of the words including “o”:box,clock ,dog ,doll and the short sound of letter o 2.To distinguish the pronunciations of “a,e,o” LA 1Ss can pronounce some more new words correctly including “o”.2Ss can distinguish the pronunciations of a,e ,o.第 二 個 45 分 LK 1 Review the pronunciations a,e,o.2 Enable Ss to master the sentences patterns :Ann:Hi,Tom.How are you ? Tom:I?m fine.And you ? 3 An English song.LA 1 Ss can pronounce some more words including the short of a,e,o.2 Ss can say the sentences.Ann:Hi,Tom.How are you ? Tom:I?m fine.And you ? 小課 測試 聽寫音素，單詞聽音標號，教材中習題。過關 a, e, o 的短音單詞(沒有拼過的詞)，輔音音素。第四課 第 一 個 45 分 LK 1i 的短音 This is a pit./It?s a pit.1 The short sound of “ i”and “u” 2 The pronunciations of the words including a and e(nib ,pin,pit ,lip,six,duck,gun,mug,cup,bus.)LA 1.Ss can master the short prounciations of “ i ”and “u”.2.Ss can pronounce the words including “ i ”and “u” freely.第 二 個 45 分 LK 1u 的短音 i u 的鞏固練習，學習歌曲 Apple Tree 1 Review the pronunciations of “i”.and “u” 2.Enable the Ss to master some sentences : What is red? The car is red.LA Ss can pronounce some more words including “ i ”and “u” freely.Ss can say and use the sentences above.freely.小課 測試 聽寫音素，單詞聽音標號，教材中習題。過關 a,e,i,o,u 的短音單詞沒有拼過的詞，輔音音素。第五課 第 一 個 45 分 LK 1.復習直呼表及五個元音字母的短音 2.Review the oral work.3.Enable Ss to consolidate the pronunciations of 21 consonant phonemes.LA 1.Ss can ask and answer the oral work correctly.2.Ss can pronounce the 20 consonant phonemes correctly.第 二 個 45 分 LK 1 What is red? The duck is red.2 復習所學過的句子 Review the words including “a,e,i,o,u”.Pronounce some more words including “a,e,i,o,u”.LA Ss can pronounce the words including “a,e,I,o,u” correctly.小課 測試 單詞聽音標號，教材中習題。過關 五個元音單詞短音的拼讀。第六課 第一個 45 分 LK 1.Enable Ss to master how to read and write the letters:Aa Hh Jj Kk Uu Qq Ww Ii Yy LA Ss can read and write the letters correctly.第二個 45 分 LK Enable Ss to master the sentences: Which is a school? This is a school.LA Ss can master the sentences in LK.小課 測 試 過 關 第七課： 第一個 45 分 LK Enable Ss to master how to read and write the letters:Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv and Oo.LA Ss can read and write the letters correctly.第二個 45 分 LK Enable Ss to master the sentences: Hello.Where are you going? I?m going to the park.LA Ss can master the sentences in LK.小課 測 試 過 關 第 八 課： 第一個 45 分 LK Enable Ss to master how to read and write the letters:Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz and Rr LA.Ss can read and write the letters correctly.第二個 45 分 LK Enable Ss to master the sentences: How many lions can you see? I can see two.LA Ss can master the

sentences in LK.小課 測 試 過 關 第九課 第 一 個 45 分 LK 1 Enable Ss to master the sentences: How many pandas are there? There are six.2 Enable Ss to master the 26 letters and learn the alphabet.LA 1 Ss can use the sentences freely.2 Ss can master the 26 letters and the alphabet.第 二 個 45 分 LK 1 Enable Ss to master the pronunciations of phonemes 12 consonant phonemes and 5 vowel phonemes and pronounce the words including the phonemes.2 Enable Ss to master the sentences we ?ve learned(From lesson 6 to lesson 9)LA 1 Ss can read the pronunciations of phonemes in LK correctly.2 Ss can use the sentences we ?ve learned correctly.小課 測試 過關 第十課 第一個 45 分 LK 1 學習開音節 閉音節并學習a 在開音節中的讀音及其單詞拼讀 2 中心詞 bake name face make game plane wave bake LA Ss can use the words we ?ve learned correctly.第二個 45 分 LK 1 Enable Ss to distinguish the open syllable and the closed syllable including a e 2 Enable Ss to master the sentences: What can you see? I can see a big book.LA 1 Ss can distinguish the open syllable and the closed syllable including a, e correctly.2 Ss can use the sentences correctly.小課 測 試 過 關 第 十一課 第 一 個 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master the pronunciations of letter i and o in the open syllable and the spelling of the words.2 Enable Ss to master some new words:bike, five, kite, mike, nine, close, nose, phone, home, rose.LA Ss can pronounce the words including i and o in the open syllable correctly.第 二 個 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master the pronunciations of letter u in the open syllable and how to pronounce these words.(mute huge fume cute duke)2 Enable Ss to distinguish the pronunciations of letter i o and u in the open syllable and in the closed syllable LA 1Ss can pronounce the words including lettrer u in the open syllable correctly.2Ss can distinguish the pronunciations of i o and u in the open syllable and in the closed syllable 小課 測試 過關 第十二課 第 一 個 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master the oral work what we?ve learned(L1----L11)2 Enable Ss to master 21 consonant phonemes 3 Enable Ss to master 10 vowel phonemes LA 1 Ss can master the oral work what we?ve learned 2 Ss can master 21 consonant phonemes 3 Ss can master 10 vowel phonemes 第 二 個 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master the pronunciations of 26 letters.2 Ss can pronounce the words including a e i o u correctly.LA 1Ss can master the pronunciations of 26 letters.2 Ss can pronounce the words including a e i o u correctly 小課 測試 過關 第十三課： 第一個 45 分 LK Review the open syllable and the closed syllable LA Ss can distinguish the words in the open syllable and the closed syllable 第二個 45 分 LK Enable Ss to master the sentences: Son: Mum, Dad, they are my friends.Mum Dad:Hello!Nick: Hello!I?m Nick, she?s Pat and he?s Tom.We are all friends.LA 小課 測 試 過 關 a 的短音單詞沒有拼過的詞，輔音音素。第 十四 課： 第 一 個 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master16 consonant phonetic symbols: ∕b∕∕P∕∕m∕∕f∕∕d∕∕t∕∕n∕∕l∕∕g∕ ∕k∕∕h∕∕r∕∕s∕∕z∕∕v∕∕w∕ 2 Enable Ss to master the sentences: Tell me please What animals do you like? I like turtles.I like rabbits.LA 1 Ss can read and write the 16 consonant phonetic symbols in LK correctly 2 Ss can read the sentences in LK correctly 第 二 個 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master

the phonetic symbols: ∕i:∕∕ I∕∕e∕∕?∕ 2 Enable Ss to master the words: feet bee tree sea beach jeans LA 1 Ss can read and write the phonetic symbols: ∕i:∕∕ I∕∕e∕∕?∕ 2 Ss can read and write the words: feet bee tree sea beach jeans 小課 測試 過關 音標拼讀 第十五課 第 一 個 45 分 LK 1 Learn how to read and how to write four phonetic symbols: ∕t∫∕?∕ ∕∫∕∕3∕ 2 Oral English: Do you like oranges? Yes, I do.Do you like pineapples? No, I don’t.LA 1Ss can master the pronunciation rules of four phonetic symbols and master how to write them.2 Ss can read the sentences correctly 第 二 個 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master the middle vowels∕з:∕?∕Λ∕and master the pronunciations of some new words: ruler tiger bird girl turtle purple 2 Learn oral English LA Ss can master the middle vowels and some new words 小課 測試 過關 音標拼讀 第 十六課 第 一 個 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master the pronunciations and writings of 4 phonetic symbols:∕tr∕dr∕ ∕ts∕dz∕ 2 Enable Ss to master the sentences: What do you do in the living room? I watch TV in the living room.LA 1 Ss can master the pronunciations and writings of the 4 phonetic symbols in LK.2 Ss can read the sentences correctly 第 二 個 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master the pronunciations and writings of 5 phonetic symbols: ∕D∕?: ∕ u:∕∕?∕ɑ: ∕ 2 Enable Ss to master the pronunciations of the words :book good park farm horse fork wall ball LA 1Ss can master the pronunciations and writings of the 5 phonetic symbols.2 Ss can master the pronunciations of the new words.小課 測試 過關 音標拼讀 第十七課 第 一 個 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master the sentences: What are the cows doing? They are eating grass.2 Learn how to read and how to write four phonetic symbols and two new words:∕θ ∕e ∕∕?∕∕ j ∕math teeth LA 1Ss can read the sentences correctly 2 Ss can master the pronunciation rules of four phonetic symbols and master how to write them.第 二 個 45 分 LK 1 Enable Ss to master 3 double vowels: ∕eΙ∕?Ι∕∕aΙ∕ 2 Enable Ss to master how to read and how to write some new words: paint rain toy LA 1 Ss can read and write 3 double vowels correctly 2 Ss can read and write 3 words correctly 小課 測試 過關 音標拼讀 第 十八課 第 一 個 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master 2 double vowels∕??∕??∕ 2 Enable Ss to master the words including the two double vowels: cloud house cow down coat LA 1Ss can master the 2 double vowels 2 Ss can read the words correctly 第 二 個 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master the 3 double vowels and three words including the three double vowels: ∕??∕∕Ι?∕е?∕ hare care ear 2 Enable Ss to master the sentences: A: Hi, there！Where are you going? B: We are going to Shanghai.What about you? A: We are going to Kunming.LA 1 Ss can master the 3 double vowels and the three words including the three double vowels 2 Ss can read the sentences correctly 小課 過關 音標拼讀 第十九課 第 一 個 45 分 LK 1 Review the open syllable and the closed syllable 2 Review the sentences from L1----L18.LA 1 Ss can read the words about open syllable and closed syllable correctly 2 Ss can make dialogues by using the sentences correctly 第 二 個 45 分 LK 1 Review the pronunciations and the families of the 26 letters.2 Review the phonetic symbols LA 1 Ss can master the pronunciations and the families of the 26 letters.Correctly 2 Ss can read the phonetic symbols correctly 小課 測

試 過關

第四篇：語音演講稿

Good morning ,Ladies and Gentlemen:

I'm glad to stand here to deliver my speech to all of you.A research shows that a man has to make 73 choices one day.With so many choices one day, people easily get so confused and afraid of making wrong choice that they hesitate and finally miss the true part of life.In my opinion, the following part is of much more importance than the choice.There is no absolute right or wrong choice but wonderful or boring life, which the process makes the difference.Life is a box of chocolate,you never know what you will get.Forrest Gump made no decision by and for himself but he accomplished great success with his strong will in the process.The process is not the road itself but the attitudes and feelings ,the caution, courage and persistance we have as we encounter new experience and unexpected obstacles.Take myself as an example, I changed my major when I was a sophomore.After the choice,days have been harsh for me.I cannot understand some new lessons at all.However with the belief that this is the great chance for me to experience new ideas and challenge myself,I persisted.I asked for help from every channel and reorgonized my life.Gradually I could understand some parts and even found these lessons interesting.Moreover, I learned to act instead of complaining.In retrospect,the choice left no trace in my mind but the happiness and bitterness becomes an unforgetable experience in my life.NO matter what the choice is, enjoy the process.In the process, your potential will be inspired and new discoveries,improvement and progress will come to you.These are the most beautiful sceneries and only on the way can you see it.These make your life colorful.So my dear friends,never worry about your choice and enjoy the process.I am sure you will get something new and intersting after my speech.Thank you for your attention!

第五篇：語音教學

淺析初中英語語音教學的問題與策略

景德鎮樂平鎮橋中學：鮑麗麗

摘要：目前中學語音教學形成上述被動現狀跟教師的教學素質有關系，但是教材的作用不可低估，尤其當教師的綜合教學素質還不夠齊、還不夠高，還不能達到創造性地駕馭教材時，教材的編排將直接影響教師的教學和質量。現行中學英語教材語音教學內容的安排雖然符合學習英語循序漸進的原則，但是它低估了學生的認知能力，忽視了學生們要獨立學習的欲望和能力，學生在學習的過程中不能獨立拼讀，尤如孩子將永遠無法掙脫母親的手自由行走一樣，學生學習英語就沒有樂趣，更沒有成就感。所以，語音教學內容，特別是單音教學內容，分散且學程長，不能滿足學生實際學習的需要，不利于拼讀能力的培養，最終的教學效果也只能是部分開花，而不能遍地開花。

關鍵詞：初中 英語 語音 問題 策略

《英語新課程標準（2011年版）》指出：“語音教學是語言教學的重要內容之一。自然規范的語音、語調將為有效的口語交際打下良好的基礎?！闭Z音是語言存在的物質基礎，離開了語音，語言就不能存在。英語語音教學是整個中學英語教學發展的起點，語音教學的好壞影響著學生的語音質量，而語音質量又直接影響著整個英語學習過程，所以語音關是英語教學的第一關。語音階段沒有打好基礎，單詞讀音就有困難，要么不會讀，要么讀不準，這就成了教學最大的攔路虎，直接影響到單詞的記憶與積累。而詞匯量少，閱讀勢必困難重重。此外，單詞發音不準，只能把形和義聯系起來，而不能把音和義聯系起來，給聽，說帶來了很大的困難。試問一個學生上課時想聽聽不懂，想說說不出，想寫又寫不來，其結果除了放棄外還能做什么呢？由此可見，語音教學是聽說讀寫各方面發展的基礎，它在英語教學中的重要性是不言而喻的。

一、當前初中英語語音教學存在的問題

（一）教學方法陳舊.枯燥，太注重語音知識的講授。許多老師教學語音時，只是一味地講解語音知識，示范口形，講解發音部位，還一個勁地糾正學生的發音部位和口形。將語音課上成語音學課，造成學生剛開始學英語就怕開口，背上了沉重的心理負擔。接著老師就開始領讀，一遍又一遍，學生象念經一樣跟讀。一堂課下來，老師教得累，學生也學得累，效果卻甚微。學生在英語學習入門階段就費時費力，興趣索然?！芭d趣是最好的老師”，這話說得好。在英語語音教學中，適當的語音知識講解和示范領讀是必須的，但是應該充分利用中學生的非智 力因素，調動一切可調動的力量與一切卓有成效的教學方法，使學生學得輕松愉悅，又能積極地學習模仿，并對自己的發音進行及時地調節與糾正，即變消極為積極，盲目為有意識地學習。這才是語音教學的成功。

（二）老師對語音教學的內容和任務把握不夠缺乏對培養學生形成良好的語音習慣的認識。另外有些老師對語音教學抱輕視態度。只注重字母，音標，單音與拼讀，卻忽視了對學生進行其語音知識（如重音，連讀，節奏，語調，語速等方面的）全面訓練。有些老師為了讓學生聽懂，就一個音一個音地教，一個詞一個詞地讀，違反了語言的真實性和規律性，養成了不良的語音習慣，結果坑苦了學生。連讀，節奏一一不通，更不用說同地道的英美人士進行交流了，學生說的英語是中國式英語，外國人聽不懂，而外國人說的英語學生也聽不懂。所學的語言成了死語言。良好的語音習慣是學好英語的保證。老師從入門階段起就該狠抓學生的語音習慣，使學生通過今后的不斷學習后，能操一口流利，地道，純正的英語并用于交際。這才是英語教學的最終目的。

（三）重單音教學輕語流教學。

現行中學英語教材從初一年級第二學期開始安排了重音、語調、意群、連讀等語流教學的內容。但是，筆者發現：多數教師相對地對單音較為重視而對語流語調的教學重視不夠。其表現為：(1)對于教材中所出現的相關的語流語調教學內容，教師往往是一帶而過。讓學生聽一聽錄音，然后模仿一下。這樣的教學方法僅就語流的單項練習來說也未常不可。問題的關鍵是部分教師不能結合課文的教學進行語流語調的訓練，即脫離開單項語流練習，在進行課文教學時，什么重音、語調、連讀等語流音變現象很少受到師生的重視，幾乎全丟在腦后，致使學生習慣于朗讀與背誦，沒有韻律節奏，學生朗讀背誦時差不多都一個味，甚至是夾帶著地方音的英語，難以表情達意。因而許多學生怕丟丑，不愿意當眾朗讀。話說回來，如果英語的語流語調掌握不好，學生就不會真正感受到所學英語的語音美，很難獲得英語的真正語感，就會使英語的學習永遠停留在語言學習的淺層上，無法觸及語言所負載的文化底蘊，這也就很難使學生保持學習英語的興趣。(2)由于缺乏對語流語調教學的重視，為學生日后獲取聽說讀寫的能力種下暗疾。我們說，英語語流語調與漢語語流語調差別很大，曾有人將漢語的語流語調比喻為一串珠子，拔一拔，個個清晰有聲，而英語的語流語調聽起來恰似小溪的流水，嘩啦啦，連續不斷。可想而知，一個習慣于以漢語的語流語調朗讀英語的學生，聽力理解、口語表達、閱讀理解與速度將直接受到嚴重影響。造成的結果要么聽不懂別人講的地道英語，要么自己講的英語別人聽不懂，并且閱讀時還讀不快。這就是為什么許多平時英語考試能得高分的同學，見了外國人，一不能自如流利地與他們用英語交流的原因。但是，一些教師在教學中意識不到這一點，用他們自己的話說“課還講不完呢，哪有時間在課堂上訓練學生的語流語調，讓學生課下自己練習去吧。”可見，教師的教學指導思想正確與否，事關整個英語教學的成敗。

二、初中英語語音教學策略

考慮到孩子們剛從小學升入初中，還沒有具備像高中生那樣較為成熟的思辨能力和邏輯思維力。我們做初中英語教師的更應該耐心和仔細，授課更應該注意趣味化和人性化。一定要讓學生們很好地度過從小學到中學的那個不適期，盡量不要讓學生們被正式的英語學習嚇住。

（一）“模仿為主”時，輔以必要的語音理論。因為語音是語言的物質外殼。語音學習是通過視覺（看口型）、言語聽覺和言語活動覺協同活動來進行。對于初中學生，言語聽覺是學習的主要通道。通過聽覺的定向活動，把聽到的聲音進行綜合分析，形成正確的聽覺表象，這樣就可以按照它去發音。模仿就是建立正確的聽覺表象過程。

模仿一般有兩個階段：第一階段是聽覺分析階段。在這一階段所謂模仿就是通過分析形成聽覺表象，口腔動覺是帶有試探性的。第二階段，通過動覺運動把聽覺表象固定下來，這就是發出音。從這里不難看出，正確的發音是建立在正確的聽覺表象基礎上。沒有充分的聽覺分析要具體地把握好音是困難的。

語音教學要正確處理模仿和發音理論講解的關系。在中學進行語音教學，應從模仿入手，輔以適當理論講解。理論講解必要，但要在模仿基礎上進行。而且要盡量深入淺出。比如講【e】和【

】兩個元音，告訴學生們口腔開度，在發【e】時，上下齒間容一食指，而【

】容兩指。如果硬要講舌高點舌低點，容易讓學生腦子混亂。

從模仿入手，教師示范很重要。要學生發音準，教師首先要有個準發音。不僅在教一具體音時起到良好示范作用，而且整個教學過程都是學生良好的語音榜樣，時時處處在給學生們良好的語音影響。可以斷言，英語語音面貌好的老師是教不出英語差和不喜歡英語的學生的。而且良好的語音面貌也使得教師多了一份做人的自信和職業自豪。

（二）要特別重視比較和對比。語音作為一個體系，就在于它由許多差別部分組成。例如：元音和輔音差別，清輔音和濁輔音差別，重讀和非重讀差別，升調與降調差別，甚至英語語音和漢語語音的差別（這方面大有文章可做）。正確地掌握語音就是要掌握差別，就要對比。對比，一是要進行英漢語音對比；二是要進行英語語言內部對比。

英漢語音對比就是讓學生把英語和本族漢語發音做比較，找出發音困難所在，從而排除本族語的負遷移，同時利用它來進行正遷移。有人研究發現，學過漢語拼音的中學生，學英語拼音就快。這是因為英語的輔音和漢語拼音的聲母發音雖有清濁和運氣方式的不同，但發音相似的地方很多，如漢語的bpmf等，去掉它們所含韻母就與英語的輔音bpmf相似。

一般說來，掌握與本族語發音基本相同的音最容易；發音方法與本族語不同，但未超過本族語發音習慣的音掌握起來也不難。最難的是發音與本族語類似而容易混淆的音及發音方法完全不同的音。中學生學音素，感到較容易的是上面提到的輔音和元音中的【i:】，【u：】，【a:】，這些音盡管與漢語有別，但只要教師示范幾次，稍加講解即可。難發的是【ai】，【ei】，【u】，它們和漢語ai, ei, ao和ou既相似又有區別，很容易混。對這三個音教師一定要進行英漢相似音的比較，并指出有的音除了長短不同，還有發聲方式不同，這樣學生心里就有數了。

另外通過漢英對比，教師還能遇見學生語音學習上的難點并采取針對性措施，有的放矢地幫學生解決發音困難，從而事半功倍。

除了漢英對比，英語語音內部的對比也很重要，比如長短音，開口大小的音就可以適當找出一些句子來練習：

Please sit in this seat.This bed is bad.(三）要通過語流教語音

常有誤區。這誤區不光是在中學，而是在中國的英語教學：只重視音素教學，忽略整體的語音教學，甚至把音素教學當成語音教學全部，認為48個音素教完就完了，語音也就學完可以結束了，以后就剩學單詞、語法和精讀了。這種做法是相當搞笑的。這就導致學生臨到大學畢業英語發音也是音病百出，不忍萃聽。學生們全憑自個兒瞎摸索，因為根本沒接觸過超音段音位，就是連讀、節奏、語調等語音現象。這就使得學生學了十幾年英語還講不了幾句地道流利的英國話。

語流（Speech flow)是由音（pronunciation)、律（rhythem)、調（intonation)結合而成。音是指音素、單詞發音和語句發音；律是節奏，即發音的輕重長短快慢；調是語調，是指語句的升降和平調。音、律、調三者為統一體，共同構成英語的腔。

傳統教學把三者割裂，按音素--音節--詞語的順序機械訓練。這樣來教，學生可能發音較準確，但節奏和語調都較差。單獨發its, an, apple可以，但連起來讀就不一定自然，這是因為：（1）單詞重音與語句重音不同。有些詞單獨發音有單詞重音，但在連貫語句中一般沒有語句重音；（2）單詞與語句的律不同。每個單詞單獨發音時都有單詞重音，每個重音便是一個節奏。但在連貫語句中，有些詞讀得輕，有的重。這些輕重變化組成節奏組。每個節奏組所用時間大致相同，這和漢語大不相同，如前所述不再贅言。（3）單詞和語句的調子不同。單詞單獨發音可用升降調，不改變詞義。但句子要是用不同調子即產生不同意思。這就要求在語流中教語音。這里要把握好兩點：一是在語句較短時直接在語流中訓練單音、節奏和語調。在訓練時，教師盡量讓學生讀整句，使得學生能模仿到句子的節奏和語調。如果在語流學習中學生遇到單音障礙，教師可領讀幾遍正正音，掃清發音障礙后仍回到整句語流中。這叫：以語流訓練為主，單音訓練為輔。二是當語句較長又是難句時，可先做單音訓練后做語流訓練，像：Are there any tractors in the street?其中tractors street學生感到難發，語調也不易模仿，可采取如下措施：

A./tr/,/tr/,/tr/,--/tra/tra/----/trac/trac/----/tractor//tractor/ B./s//str/str/--/stri:/stri:----/stri;;t/stri:t/ C./tractors in the street? D.Are there any tractors in the street? 由音素到節奏，由音節到單詞，由升調到降調，難點各個擊破，最后回到整個句子。這樣來做句子說起來就比較容易，也更有利于對學生的語流訓練。這就叫：以語流訓練為主，單音訓練與語流訓練起頭并舉。通過語流教語音，學生才能學會地道的英語，不但自己說的話有了英美人的“味兒”，英美人說話也就大致能聽懂了。

綜上所述，初中英語教師要養成語音教學的好習慣，一定要讓學生在初中階段打好英語語音基礎。初中英語語音教學和英語教學整體密不可分。它能夠從根本上解決多年來英語教學耗費時間長，花費精力多，效率低下的問題。教師對學生加強語音訓練，幫助學生夯實語音基礎，掌握好語音，是提高語音教學質量的保障和有效途徑。

參考文獻

[1]中華人民共和國教育部.義務教育英語課程標準（2011版）[S].北京:北京師范大學出版社,2011.[2]英語童謠和兒童英語語音訓練》 肖燕麗 中小學英語教學與研究5/992002．6．27 [3] Agor.B.英語課程在課堂教學中的應用[M].陳琳編譯.北京：外語教學與研究出版社,2007.[4]《英語課堂教學游戲》 李震雷 上海教育出版社