第一篇：2010年考研英語小作文高分技巧錦囊

2010年考研英語小作文高分技巧錦囊

2009-11-2

3萬學(xué)海文

英語小作文，應(yīng)對有妙招

考研英語注重兩方面的應(yīng)用能力，一是讀，而是寫?？佳凶魑?，特別是小作文，作為為英語拉分的項(xiàng)目只要掌握了方法和尺度，找對了寫作技巧和復(fù)習(xí)方法，是很容易得分的。

小作文考察的是應(yīng)用文文體，多是辭職信、道歉信、感謝信等。它的形式是給出提示要點(diǎn)，要求考生根據(jù)要求表達(dá)清楚要點(diǎn)。盡管它并不需要華麗的詞藻和吸引閱卷人眼球的文采。但是，它還是需要考生在平時(shí)的復(fù)習(xí)中點(diǎn)滴積累，適當(dāng)訓(xùn)練。以言簡意賅的詞句及一定的邏輯性，將事情敘述清楚，表意明確。

為正在準(zhǔn)備2010年考研的同學(xué)們提供以下的復(fù)習(xí)方法建議和小作文的寫作技巧。

方法提煉

1、精讀

會(huì)寫的前提還是多讀?？吹枚鄬W(xué)得多了，自然就會(huì)有話可說。對于小作文來說，考生在平時(shí)的復(fù)習(xí)過程中，應(yīng)該注意熟悉一些應(yīng)用文的格式，及英語的應(yīng)用文表達(dá)習(xí)慣。

考生可以找來歷年真題。先是自己寫，然后找來當(dāng)年真題的范文，對比著學(xué)習(xí)。思考范文的得分點(diǎn)和閃光點(diǎn)。

2、背誦

背誦不能不說是積極備戰(zhàn)快速提高寫作成績的一條捷徑?？忌梢赃x擇歷年真題的范文和一些與真題作文相近的文章進(jìn)行背誦。同時(shí)，基礎(chǔ)稍好些的同學(xué)們，可以背一下小作的優(yōu)秀模板。然后，依據(jù)模板進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練。

3、勤練

小作文和大作文一樣，需要把功夫落在平時(shí)，勤寫勤練是提高寫作能力的又一有效捷徑。加強(qiáng)實(shí)際寫作練習(xí)有著至關(guān)重要的作用。練習(xí)的重點(diǎn)是要檢查文章表達(dá)是否明確，有無嚴(yán)重的語法錯(cuò)誤等。

技巧錦囊

小作文滿分為10分，因?yàn)槠涓犹茁坊?，所以它比大作文更加容易得分。但是，得高分的前提是要在格式、語言和要點(diǎn)等方面下功夫。

格式——

1)稱呼

英語應(yīng)用文稱呼有這樣的特點(diǎn)，如果是不認(rèn)識的人，一般稱呼為敬詞+尊稱。例如，Dear Sir or Madam ；如果是寫給關(guān)系正式的某團(tuán)體或個(gè)人，稱呼為敬詞+尊稱+名。例如，Dear Mr.xx或Dear Ms.xx；對于關(guān)系較親密的人可以直呼其名。

2)正文

正文格式一般格式為首段開頭空四個(gè)字母，段落之間不空行；現(xiàn)在流行的格式，每段開頭不空格，但是各段之間空一行。考生在格式方面可以根據(jù)自己的習(xí)慣進(jìn)行選擇。只要讓閱卷人看得舒服，且完全符合應(yīng)用文要求的文體就可以。語言——

用詞準(zhǔn)確是最基礎(chǔ)的要求之一。其次，句型多變。例如既有并列句，也有復(fù)合句，還有從句。注意語法運(yùn)用要正確。

再者，正式語言一般是寫給具有正式關(guān)系的團(tuán)體或機(jī)構(gòu)，注意這樣的情況不用縮略語和口語用法。除了正式的文體以外，其他的文體皆為非正式文體。像寫給朋友的書信等。

小作的考查要求中會(huì)體現(xiàn)出寫該篇的目的和場合?？忌趯懽鲿r(shí)要注意針對不同場合使用不同語言，使交流得以進(jìn)行。另外，也要注意不同的應(yīng)用文有不同的用語。建議你對某些應(yīng)用文的格式和習(xí)慣用語，應(yīng)該加以熟悉和背誦，以便運(yùn)用自如。

其他要點(diǎn)——

考試時(shí)注意在看到題目要求后不要忙于動(dòng)筆。雖說小作文的字?jǐn)?shù)充其量在一百多個(gè)單詞，但是依舊要在腦子里理清思路。最好能夠在仔細(xì)審題以后，認(rèn)真列個(gè)提綱，這樣更有利于思路清晰。寫作時(shí)，注意表達(dá)清楚以下幾個(gè)方面。首先交代清楚寫信目的；其次為了讓閱卷者對你的文章結(jié)構(gòu)及表意一目了然，注意關(guān)聯(lián)詞或銜接詞的運(yùn)用；接下來，應(yīng)該對個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行闡述(在寫作有此必要的時(shí)候)。

最后，行文間要注意簡化描述。用簡短的語句代替冗長的語句。在作文完成的時(shí)候，應(yīng)該檢查、修改，以免遺漏一些需要表達(dá)清楚的要點(diǎn)和細(xì)節(jié)。

長期規(guī)劃復(fù)習(xí)：考研英語要靠點(diǎn)滴積累

2009-11-16

萬學(xué)海文

不急跬步無以至千里?？佳行枰L期的規(guī)劃復(fù)習(xí)，而英語作為考研公共科目，更是注重日常的點(diǎn)滴積累，也是一個(gè)長線的學(xué)習(xí)科目。這個(gè)科目的因?yàn)楹茏⒅鼗A(chǔ)，因此提高也相對較慢。要想學(xué)好英語，關(guān)鍵的三大要素就是足夠的詞匯、語法、閱讀的積累。歸納了以下幾點(diǎn)注意事項(xiàng)。

首先，英語的學(xué)習(xí)是一個(gè)長期的工程，是要靠平時(shí)積累的。一定時(shí)期內(nèi)的猛攻還是會(huì)有效果的，甚至可能會(huì)有明顯的效果呢。也就是說，學(xué)了一定比不學(xué)好。即使對于那些英語基礎(chǔ)很好的同學(xué)來說，總是不復(fù)習(xí)不練習(xí)英語，退步也將是很明顯的。因此，不論英語程度如何，都要踏踏實(shí)實(shí)地、一點(diǎn)一滴地學(xué)習(xí)，任何時(shí)候都不能放棄。

其次，要掌握一定的單詞量?？佳杏⒄Z要求的單詞量是5300，和六級相當(dāng)。并不是要你記住每一個(gè)單詞的每一項(xiàng)解釋，這當(dāng)然不大可能的。但是，你所掌握的單詞量要保證你在閱讀文章時(shí)沒有大的障礙。如果你在做閱讀理解時(shí)，通篇單詞都不認(rèn)識，如何去談理解文章呢？因此，要適當(dāng)?shù)乇潮硢卧~，至少達(dá)到在做閱讀時(shí)沒有認(rèn)識單詞方面的困難。這也是最基本的一個(gè)要求。記憶詞匯的方法有多種，適合自己的方法才是最好的。

再次，重點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練閱讀能力。我覺得不管是哪一種題型，都需要一定的閱讀能力作保障。只要閱讀能力上去了，做英語就不在話下了。閱讀能力的訓(xùn)練包括精讀和泛讀。在初期復(fù)習(xí)中，要先精讀，石春禎的《閱讀理解220篇》比較適合，重點(diǎn)要看的是長難句，包括句子的結(jié)構(gòu)分析，翻譯的方法。精讀的文章要達(dá)到全部理解，句句都能翻譯出來。有了一定數(shù)量的精讀，就可以開始泛讀了。泛讀也是很重要的，不只是要讀懂，還要會(huì)做題，選對答案，這才是目的。此時(shí)的讀懂就不需要你句句都懂了，而是抓大意。重點(diǎn)應(yīng)把握的是文章的第一段和最后一段，還有每段的開頭一句話和結(jié)尾一句話，另外文章中舉的事例也要注意一下，這些都是主要的出題點(diǎn)。讀文章時(shí)，掌握文章整體含義是非常重要的，千萬不要拘泥于單個(gè)的句子或詞組、單詞。要明確你的目的是獲取與題目相關(guān)的信息，把握文章的主旨所在，因此不能“撿了芝麻，掉了西瓜”。泛讀的另外一個(gè)重要作用是閱讀速度的訓(xùn)練。英語考試中一個(gè)普遍的現(xiàn)象是時(shí)間不夠用，做題速度太慢，所以在平時(shí)練習(xí)閱讀的時(shí)候，最好能一下連著做四篇，并給自己限定時(shí)間。做模擬題時(shí)也一樣，也必須給自己限時(shí)，當(dāng)然，速度的提高還是應(yīng)該建立在質(zhì)量的基礎(chǔ)上的。

第四，關(guān)于翻譯。翻譯水平的提高在很大程度上取決于實(shí)踐。在學(xué)習(xí)翻譯的方法和技巧的時(shí)候，很多同學(xué)只看別人的譯文，并不動(dòng)手進(jìn)行實(shí)踐。而翻譯是一定要自己去練習(xí)的，只有多練習(xí)，水平才會(huì)提高，這是一項(xiàng)眼高手低的工作。因此，要多動(dòng)手實(shí)踐，把自己的譯文寫出來，與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案進(jìn)行比較，從中找出差距。

第五，寫作的練習(xí)。寫作總體來講就是將所學(xué)的知識得到一個(gè)合理的輸出過程，好的輸出前提要有個(gè)輸入的過程，寫作重要的是要多讀多記好的文章及句子。首先是要掌握文章的結(jié)構(gòu)安排，一般采用傳統(tǒng)的“三段式”。其次，開頭、結(jié)尾和過渡句、過渡詞就需要去找一些經(jīng)典的現(xiàn)成的東西去背了。寫具體內(nèi)容之前，應(yīng)該想好這一段要分幾點(diǎn)來闡述，然后再下筆，就不會(huì)令寫出來的文章缺乏連貫性了。寫作練習(xí)是最后做模擬題的時(shí)候限定三個(gè)小時(shí)完整地做一套試題的過程中完成的。需要說明的一點(diǎn)是，寫作是一定要練一些的，不然你在考場上是絕對不會(huì)

提筆成文的。至于需要練多少篇，就要看個(gè)人的水平了，至少不應(yīng)該低于10篇吧。

2010年考研英語閱讀四大高分技巧

2009-11-1

3萬學(xué)海文

關(guān)于考研英語閱讀，在文章上篇著重講了關(guān)于培養(yǎng)英語閱讀良好習(xí)慣，打牢英語閱讀的基礎(chǔ)能力的問題。接下來，我們將談?wù)効佳杏⒄Z閱讀的一些做題規(guī)律和技巧。

1、順序答題 考研英語閱讀每篇有五個(gè)選項(xiàng)，一般情況下閱讀題目是按照文章的順序逐段出題，偶有跳段的情況，但是先后順序基本不變。當(dāng)然也有例外，例如文章主旨題，可能出在第一題，但是主旨句在文章末端才出現(xiàn)，或者考生要通讀全文之后才能解答，因此在面對主旨題時(shí)，考生可以稍后作答。

2、閱讀方法的選擇

閱讀方法根據(jù)每位考生的閱讀習(xí)慣的不同，各有千秋，在這里介紹兩種比較行之有效的常用閱讀方法。

方法一，三遍法。

先略讀全文，帶著“文章在講什么”的問題大致瀏覽一遍文章，用盡量短的時(shí)間掃視短文，特別留意每段的第一句和末段的最后一句。因?yàn)楦鞫蔚闹黝}句往往在句首，而文章的最后一句很可能是概括總結(jié)。略讀的目的是掌握短文的主旨大意，做到對全文的內(nèi)容心中有數(shù)，有一個(gè)思考的方向。這樣就能把握住關(guān)于文章內(nèi)容的題目的大方向，迅速排除題目中的無關(guān)信息選項(xiàng)，做到更快更有效的答題。

第二遍閱讀的時(shí)候，可以先讀題。瀏覽5個(gè)問題，揣測出題者出此題的目的并側(cè)重閱讀短文相關(guān)部分。由于對所問問題及文章主旨都已了解，在閱讀時(shí)自然會(huì)知道哪些地方得細(xì)讀哪些地方可一帶而過甚至跳過不讀。所有問題都是根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容提出的，基本反映并覆蓋了文章的主要內(nèi)容。先閱讀問題再閱讀全文，這種方法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是：可在較短的時(shí)間內(nèi)有針對性地閱讀相關(guān)內(nèi)容，便于給相關(guān)問題定位，有的放矢，事半功倍。

第三遍閱讀的時(shí)候，實(shí)際是作為檢查的一個(gè)步驟。迅速的掃視全文，看看每一道題是否都能在文章中找到對應(yīng)的答案句，做到選項(xiàng)必有出處。方法二，兩遍法。

建議讀文章、做題速度較慢的考生選用這種方法以節(jié)省做閱讀的時(shí)間。這種方法是在方法一的基礎(chǔ)上去掉第一步驟。

相應(yīng)的，在讀題的時(shí)候，就需要考生能夠通過細(xì)讀閱讀題目和選項(xiàng)，提煉出關(guān)鍵詞以把握文章的主題，有時(shí)候還能夠通過題目的提問方式，判斷出作者的寫作文章的側(cè)重方向，以及所持的態(tài)度，這對文章的總體把握比較有幫助。當(dāng)考生從題目中了解到文章概況時(shí)，就可以帶著問題去閱讀文章了。

3、快速定位

閱讀的每道題目其實(shí)都有原文出處。針對考點(diǎn)，對應(yīng)題目和選項(xiàng)可以判斷出關(guān)鍵詞，在原文中定位考題源。首先可以關(guān)注阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字，阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字的范圍涉及到數(shù)據(jù)、年份、時(shí)間等；其次可以關(guān)注一些特定名詞，這些名詞大都含有大寫字母，比較好找，如人名、地名等；接下來可以用一些不常用的生僻單詞予以定位?？忌ㄟ^這樣的方法可以快速找到出題點(diǎn)，結(jié)合出題點(diǎn)的上下文以及段落主題句，針對出題含義進(jìn)行分析答題，這就節(jié)省了通讀時(shí)在非有效信息上所耗費(fèi)的時(shí)間。

4、小心陷阱

其實(shí)在做考研英語閱讀時(shí)，考生常常會(huì)出現(xiàn)讀懂了文章但是做不對題的情況，這樣的失分就顯得很冤枉了。這是因?yàn)榭忌鷽]有了解到考試的出題者的出題目的和考察點(diǎn)。其實(shí)考察的題目可以大致分為幾類，主旨題、細(xì)節(jié)題、感情色彩題、理解推理題、生詞考察題等。而設(shè)置的陷阱有例如主語賓語互換題、偷換概念題、深義淺談?lì)}等?！澳サ恫徽`砍柴工”，提醒廣大考生在答題時(shí)要注意思考分析出題目的和考點(diǎn)，不要盲目答題，也不要主觀臆斷，以免發(fā)生不必要的失分。

總之，考研英語閱讀既需要打牢基礎(chǔ)，提升英語閱讀能力，在做題時(shí)也需要把握技巧，把力用在刀刃上。只有這樣雙管齊下，才能在考試中取得理想的成績。

第二篇：考研英語小作文常用高分句型

考研小作文常用高分句型 應(yīng)用文高分句型

辭職信 開頭常用句式

This is to inform you that I intend to resign from my current potion.I am writing to inform you about my decision of resignation.I feel very sorry for having to give up my position as … I feel reluctant to give up my present job, but I …

I am sure it will come as no surprise that I wish to resign my position as…

結(jié)尾常用句式

I sincerely hope that you approve of my resignation.I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.Thank you for your caring and consideration in these several years’ working.I would appreciate it if you would accept my resignation before… Thank you very much for offering me the opportunity to work with the outstanding staff here.My best wishes for the company’s continued growth.其他常用句式

I have enjoyed working with you and the staff in … company in the … years.You have given me plenty of help and encouragement.I find it is inappropriate for me to take the position as … for the following reasons.I have expected the job to be interesting and challenging, which turns out to be the opposite.I will be able to help you find a replacement for my position.Thank you for all the patience, wisdom, and experience that you shared with me.There are a few factors involved that I find intolerable.Please let me to take this chance to thank you for the rewarding experience I have enjoyed during my employment.請求信 開頭常用句式

I am writing to formally request to … We shall be greatly obliged if you … May I ask you to consider … Could you be kind enough to … I am writing to seek your assistance in …? I am writing to request you to make an investigation on the matter of … Will you be so kind enough to give me some information about … Would you be kind enough as to…? I would very much like to ask for your permission with this letter to…?

結(jié)尾常用句式

I am looking forward to hearing from you.Thank you for your kind assistance.I shall greatly appreciate your answering my questions.I would like to thank you for your generous help in this case.I should remain grateful to you for the great help…

I would appreciate your considering this matter and getting back to me at your earliest convenience.I do appreciate the favorable consideration you have shown to me.Thank you for your attention to these requests.其他常用句式 I’d like to suggest that… May I suggest that … In my opinion …

I would like to make a recommendation that… I am writing to advise you of… If I were you, I would… Could you possibly…? Is there any possibility of…? The reasons for … is that…

If you have questions, please feel free to contact me at…

建議信 開頭常用句式

You have asked me for some advice on how to improve … I will try to give some useful suggestions.You asked for advice concerning(with regard to)… and I will try to make some suggestions.I have received your letter saying… I recommend that…

I am writing to you to present what I think on the further improvement of…

I am writing in reply to …

I am writing to express my views about … I would like to suggest that… I would recommend that… 結(jié)尾常用句式

I hope that my suggestions are helpful for your decision-making anyway.I would be more than happy to see improvement in this regard.Thank you for your attention.I believe that you will take my suggestions into serious account.Please take good consideration of my advice.Thank you.I hope you find these suggestions/proposals practical.I would be ready to discuss about this matter with you to further details.Whatever you decide to do, good luck with your studies/work!

其他常用句式

I feel that it would be beneficial if… If I were you, I would… You may consider doing…

It would seem to me that you could… As you may agree that…

求職信 開頭常用句式

I am writing in response to your advertisement in … I would like to apply the vacancy of… I am writing this letter to submit my application for…

I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in … I would like to apply for the vacancy of … advertised in …

I am writing to express my interest in your advertised position for … In reply to your advertisement in …, I beg to apply for the post of … in your company.I am writing to apply for the position that you have advertised in… Your advertised position of … interests me…

I am writing this letter to recommend myself as a qualified candidate for the job of … you have advertised on…

結(jié)尾常用句式

I would be most grateful if you grant me a personal interview.Any favorable consideration of my application will be highly appreciated.Your prompt response will be much appreciated.I should be pleased to attend for an interview at your convenience, when I could give you further details concerning myself.Thank you for considering my application and I am looking forward to hearing from you.I have enclosed my resume that gives details of my qualifications and experience.I hope I may be granted an interview, when I can explain my qualifications more fully.I should be pleased to attend for an interview at your convenience, when I could give you further details concerning myself.其他常用句式

I graduated from … University majoring in… I have been working in … since my graduation, and I have therefore attained a fair knowledge and experience in this field.Upon graduation, I first worked as… The following job was… and currently I am working for…

The kind of work in which your company is engaged particularly interests me.I feel I have the necessary qualifications and experience needed for the position for… advertised in the newspaper.It seems to me that my working experience, together with my education background, has given me an ideal preparation to assume the role of … in a firm such as yours.道歉信 開頭常用句式

I am writing this letter to apologize to you for … I would like to express my deepest apology for not being able to … I am writing this letter to apologize to you for my failing to… I am writing this letter to express my regret … I feel dreadful about …

I must beg your forgiveness for … I am very sorry to say that … I am writing to apologize for … Please accept my sincere apology for … Here is my deepest apology for… I am terrible sorry, but…

結(jié)尾常用句式

Please allow me to say sorry again.Will you please accept my apology? I am sorry for any convenience caused.I hope you can accept my apologies.Will you accept my apology? Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.Please allow me to say sorry again.I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my position and accept my apologies.其他常用句式

Would you mind if I change the appointment time? Would it be convenient for you…? I am really sorry for the trouble.It is very kind of you to ask us to … But, to our regret, we cannot accept it.I am sorry I cannot … and I trust that you will be able to understand.I want to let you know how regretful I am feeling now.I am sorry that I will not be able to … due to …

I hope that this does not cause you too much inconvenience.I want you to know how badly we feel about it and to assure you that it will not happen again.Thank you for being patient with us.In order to avoid … happening again, I have …

感謝信 開頭常用句式

Thank you very much for…

I am writing this letter to thank you for … I am writing to express my sincere thanks for … I feel greatly indebted to you for … I really do not know how to express my gratitude for your help.I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for… I am writing to tell you how greatly I appreciate all you have done for me…

I don’t know how to thank you for your kindness to me.I warmly appreciate for your hospitality.We are indebted to you for your help.With deepest gratitude I write you’re here few lines.結(jié)尾常用句式 Thanks again!I do appreciate it.I appreciate more than I can say.I must thank you again for your generous help.My true gratitude is beyond the word’s description.I feel most obliged to thank you once more.I am most grateful for your selfless donation.Please accept my gratitude as always.Best wishes for your health and every happiness.My thanks to you for your kindness and assistance when I …--and my love for you, always!其他常用句式

I am writing to thank you, on behalf of …, for the lovely time we had at your party last night.I feel deeply indebted to you and I really do not know how to thank you enough for your help.If it had not been for your assistance in giving me first aid, I fear that the consequence might have been much more serious.It is generally held that it was your quick-witted response in that emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome.Thank you very much for your kind hospitality and the honor you showed me during my visit… It was nice of you to..Please have no hesitation in writing to me should you want me to do something for you…

It was kind and thoughtful of you to…

申請信 開頭常用句式

Your advertisement made me unable to wait to write this application for the post because I think I have the qualifications you are seeking.I am writing to apply for the advertised post of … I would like to apply for admission to your college.I would like to further my studies in … department of your honored university.I would like to apply for the graduate program of … in your university.I would like to apply for the scholarship that your department offers to students from other countries.I am writing to you in the hope that I may obtain an opportunity to further my study in … towards a master’s degree in your university.I would like to apply for admission to your graduate school of..結(jié)尾常用句式

Looking forward to your favorable reply.I hope you will kindly send me an application form.Thank you for considering my application and I am looking forward to hearing from you.I greatly appreciate any of your favorable consideration of my application.I would be very grateful if you would consider my application and could send me some information about the scholarship.Thank you for your consideration.I look forward to your reply.I would be grateful if you can grant me an early reply about the result of my application.If any scholarships are available, I would appreciate it if you would send me the necessary application forms.I hope my academic background will meet your general entrance requirements for graduate study.其他常用句式

I have obtained my BA in … from University.I am a senior student now and expect my graduation next summer from … University.I major in … and did some research work during my undergraduate years.Since graduation I have been working in … which specializes in… Now I am particularly interested in…

Would you please send me the necessary application forms and any further details about …

I hope to further continue my research on …

Enclosed please find two letters of recommendation and my transcript.I am interested in your MA programs in …, and wish to enter this program.My background is as follows: …

投訴信 開頭常用句式 I am writing to complain about/that…

I am writing to inform you that I am dissatisfied with you… I think it’s high time you realize… I am writing to make a complaint about…

I feel sorry to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about…

I am writing to express my disappointment/ dissatisfaction/ concern about…

I am most reluctant to complain, but…

I am writing to advise you that I find… inconvenient I wish to draw your attention to the problem / fault… that I bought… I venture to write for complaining about…

I feel sorry to trouble you but I am afraid I have to make a serious complaint.It is with great reluctance that I must inform you that … I regret to inform that …

Thank you for your … which arrived yesterday.Unfortunately, …

結(jié)尾常用句式

I would be grateful if you could…

I trust you will take my complaint seriously and… I will appreciate it very much if you could… I must have you fully understand that without a satisfying solution, I will reserve my right to take legal action.Frankly speaking, I am not prepared to put up with the situation any more.On the condition that this one proves to be unacceptable, I will receive a refund.I would appreciate it if you could…

I understand you will give immediate attention to this matter.I look forward to your dealing with these problems without delay.I would like to have this matter settled by the end of… I shall be obliged if you will look into …

I understand you will give immediate reply to this matter.If I must be constantly annoyed in this matter, I shall have to …

其他常用句式

The reason for my dissatisfaction is…

Under these circumstances, I find it difficult to… I can no longer tolerate / bear… For one thing… For another…

I hope we can manage to sort his out amicably.Therefore, I hope to change for another … or I declare a refund.We know that you are not generally careless, but we would like your assurance that this will not happen again.I recently ordered / purchased from you … I must protest against …

I find it appalling and distressing that…

I received such poor service that I felt I should bring to your attention.If I receive this type of treatment again, I will take my business elsewhere.詢問信 開頭常用句式

I am very eager to receive information about … I am writing for information about …

It would be grateful if you could furnish us with the information about …

We would appreciate some information from you about …

I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information concerning …

I would be grateful if you could give me some information about … I would like to know it you have some information about …

I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding …

Would you be kind enough to provide me with some information about …?

I would like to have some information about …

結(jié)尾常用句式

Your earliest reply would be mostly appreciated.Your immediate response is enthusiastically expected.I would highly appreciate your prompt reply.I am looking forward to your due attention and quick response.We are looking forwards to your prompt attention to this letter.Thank your for your consideration.其他常用句式

Frankly speaking, I am quite ignorant of … Therefore, I am writing to ask for your help.I would be most grateful if you could send me information about …

Another matter I need information is …

Another point I am still not sure is that … I would also like some clarification on …

It would be great if you could supply me with the following information.I would also like to inquire if …

邀請信 開頭常用句式

We would like to invite you to … I would like to see your presence at … May I ask you to consider … I would be most grateful if … I wonder if you could come to … We should be grateful if you could … I take the pleasure to invite you to …

It is with the greatest pleasure that I write to cordially invite you to … It gives me the greatest pleasure to invite you to… We should be very grateful if you could…

結(jié)尾常用句式

I would feel honored if you could come.I do hope that you can make it.I’m looking forward to your participation in … I look forward to hearing from you.I do hope that you will be able to come.I would like to meet you there and please let me know your decision.My family and I would feel honored if you could come.My family and I look forward to seeing you.We should be very please if you could honor us with your presence.Would you please drop me a line to let me know if you can come? Thank you for your time and consideration.其他常用句式

As you are a close friend of our family, my parents and I would very much like you to participate in the … and share our joy.The occasion will start at … There will be activities such as …

We should be very pleased if you could come and have dinner with us this evening.Would you like to join us to celebrate …? Would you care to come to my house for …? Would you please consider the possibility of … ? If that time does not fit into your schedule, please feel free to suggest a day that is more convenient to you.祝賀信 開頭常用句式

It was exciting news for me to learn of …

Please accept my sincere/hearty/warm congratulations on … It was a great pleasure to send you my congratulations on … I was delighted to learn of your success /achievements in … You don’t know how excited and happy we felt at the news of … I am really happy to learn that you have been elected… It is with great pleasure that I hear of your success.I was very delighted to hear the news that you…

Allow me to convey my congratulations on your promotion to… Heartiest congratulations upon your …

結(jié)尾常用句式 Wish you good luck!We wish to share your honor and joy.I wish you success and fulfillment in the years ahead.May all go wonderfully in your new post!May every happiness be yours!All my best wishes for an even more prosperous future/successful career!May each succeeding year bring you great happiness and prosperity.Every good wish to you for much health, happiness, and prosperity!

其他常用句式 Good news travels fast!I am pleased to know that you have … It was a splendid performance / a great triumph.I know that… This shows that… I am delighted that…

I have just leant the good news that you…

Best wishes for your greater success in all that you undertake.I only want to let you know how happy I am for you.Working as … is an exciting way for you to play an important role in … It is with the greatest pleasure that I offer you my sincerest congratulations on your …

I am sure a talented person as you will make great achievement and live a fuller life.

第三篇：考研英語小作文技巧匯總

三.考研英語小作文技巧匯總

考研英語的考察點(diǎn)綜合起來就是聽、說、讀、寫。聽力、單詞、閱讀理解、翻譯都需要長時(shí)間準(zhǔn)備。在距離考試不到兩個(gè)月的時(shí)間，英語已經(jīng)到了最后沖刺的階段?？佳凶魑?，特別是小作文，成為英語最能拉分的一個(gè)題型。但是如果找對了寫作的技巧和方法，那考試時(shí)就會(huì)像施了魔法一樣，小作文的分?jǐn)?shù)是很容易得高分的。

小作文考察的是應(yīng)用文文體，多是辭職信、道歉信、感謝信等20多種類型。形式主要是給出提示要點(diǎn)，要求考生根據(jù)要求表達(dá)清楚。小作文不需要華麗的詞藻和吸引閱卷人眼球的文采。它著重考察的是考生能否以言簡意賅的詞句及一定的邏輯性，將事情敘述清楚，表意明確。

為正在準(zhǔn)備2010年考研的同學(xué)們提供以下的復(fù)習(xí)方法建議和小作文的寫作技巧。方法提煉

下筆之前要熟讀 先精讀后背誦

背格式：會(huì)寫的前提還是多讀?？吹枚鄬W(xué)得多了，自然就會(huì)有話可說。對于小作文來說，考生在平時(shí)的復(fù)習(xí)過程中，應(yīng)該注意熟悉一些應(yīng)用文的格式，及英語的應(yīng)用文表達(dá)習(xí)慣。背真題：考生可以找來歷年真題。先嚴(yán)格按照真題的要求獨(dú)立寫，然后找來當(dāng)年真題的范文，對比著學(xué)習(xí)。找出其中不合適或者不正確的地方，思考范文的得分點(diǎn)和閃光點(diǎn)。

背范文：背誦不能不說是積極備戰(zhàn)快速提高寫作成績的一條捷徑?？忌梢赃x擇歷年真題的范文和一些與真題作文相近的文章進(jìn)行背誦。同時(shí)，基礎(chǔ)稍好些的同學(xué)們，可以背一下小作文的優(yōu)秀模板。然后，依據(jù)模板進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練。

小作文和大作文一樣，勤寫勤練是提高寫作能力的又一有效捷徑。加強(qiáng)實(shí)際寫作練習(xí)有著至關(guān)重要的作用。練習(xí)的重點(diǎn)是要檢查文章表達(dá)是否明確，有無嚴(yán)重的語法錯(cuò)誤等。技巧錦囊：掌握固定格式，準(zhǔn)確用詞，注意不同類型的要點(diǎn)。

小作文滿分為10分，因?yàn)槠涓犹茁坊?，所以它比大作文更加容易得分。但是，得高分的前提是要在格式、語言和要點(diǎn)等方面下功夫。格式 一般為三段，尤其注意開頭和結(jié)尾。

小作文的一般都可分為三段，然后根據(jù)要求在第一段中交代清楚問題。從第一段中就可得知是何種類型的小作文，說的什么問題。在稱呼上，如果是不認(rèn)識的人，一般稱呼為敬詞+尊稱。例如，Dear Sir or Madam ；如果是寫給關(guān)系正式的某團(tuán)體或個(gè)人，稱呼為敬詞+尊稱+名。例如，Dear Mr.xx或Dear Ms.xx；對于關(guān)系較親密的人可以直呼其名。正文格式一般格式為首段開頭空四個(gè)字母，段落之間不空行；現(xiàn)在流行的格式，每段開頭不空格，但是各段之間空一行。考生在格式方面可以根據(jù)自己的習(xí)慣進(jìn)行選擇。只要讓閱卷人看得舒服，且完全符合應(yīng)用文要求的文體就可以。

最有一段一般是回應(yīng)第一段，或者再次表達(dá)感謝，期待回復(fù)等。簡練在特別注意的。最后一段不需要含有很多的信息點(diǎn)，側(cè)重固定詞語的運(yùn)用。語言

用詞準(zhǔn)確，抓得分點(diǎn)

用詞準(zhǔn)確是最基礎(chǔ)的要求之一。其次，句型多變。例如既有并列句，也有復(fù)合句，還有從句。注意語法運(yùn)用要正確。不管是寫給具有正式關(guān)系的團(tuán)體或機(jī)構(gòu)，還是寫給朋友的感謝信等，都盡量少用縮略語和口語。

小作的考查要求中會(huì)體現(xiàn)出寫該篇的目的和場合?？忌趯懽鲿r(shí)要注意針對不同場合使用不同語言，使交流得以進(jìn)行。另外，也要注意不同的應(yīng)用文有不同的用語。建議你對某些應(yīng)用文的格式和習(xí)慣用語，應(yīng)該加以熟悉和背誦，以便運(yùn)用自如。

不同類型的小作文都會(huì)有固定的用語。建議考生每種類型的小作文，都要熟記一篇到兩篇的范文，對于里面的范文例句更要熟記，考試中容易成為閱卷老師重點(diǎn)捕捉點(diǎn)。提醒

考試時(shí)注意在看到題目要求后不要忙于動(dòng)筆。雖說小作文的字?jǐn)?shù)充其量在一百多個(gè)單詞左右，但是最好還是要在腦子里理清思路，打到腹稿。在仔細(xì)審題以后，認(rèn)真列個(gè)提綱，這樣更有利于思路清晰。寫作時(shí)，注意表達(dá)清楚以下幾個(gè)方面。首先交代清楚寫信目的；其次為了讓閱卷者對你的文章結(jié)構(gòu)及表意一目了然，注意關(guān)聯(lián)詞或銜接詞的運(yùn)用；接下來，應(yīng)該對個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行闡述（在寫作有此必要的時(shí)候）。最后，行文間要注意簡化描述。用簡短的語句代替冗長的語句。在作文完成的時(shí)候，應(yīng)該檢查、修改，以免遺漏一些需要表達(dá)清楚的要點(diǎn)和細(xì)節(jié)。

第四篇：考研英語作文高分必備

考研英語作文高分必備

1． 開頭超強(qiáng)公式一：名人名言

有人問了，“我沒有記住名言，怎么辦？尤其是英語名言？”，很好辦：編！

原理：我們看到的東西很多都是創(chuàng)造出來的，包括我們欣賞的文章也是，所以盡管編，但是一定要聽起來很有道理呦！而且沒準(zhǔn)將來我們就是名人呢！對吧？

經(jīng)典句型：

A proberb says, “ You are only young once.”（適用于已記住的名言）

It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.（適用于自編名言）

更多經(jīng)典句型：

As everyone knows, No one can deny that? 2． 開頭超強(qiáng)公式二：數(shù)字統(tǒng)計(jì)

原理：要想更有說服力，就應(yīng)該用實(shí)際的數(shù)字來說明。

原則上在議論文當(dāng)中十不應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)虛假數(shù)字的，可是在考試的時(shí)候哪管那三七二十一，但編無妨，只要我有東西寫就萬事大吉了。所以不妨試用下面的句型：

According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.看起來這個(gè)數(shù)字文鄒鄒的，其實(shí)都是編造出來的，下面隨便幾個(gè)題目我們都可以這樣編造：

Honesty：根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示，大學(xué)生向老師請假的理由當(dāng)中78%都是假的。

Travel by Bike：根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示，85%的人在近距離旅行的時(shí)候首選的交通工具是自行車。

Youth：根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示，在某個(gè)大學(xué)，學(xué)生的課余時(shí)間的70%都是在休閑娛樂。

Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?：根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。

更多句型：

A recent statistics shows that ? 結(jié)尾超強(qiáng)公式

1． 結(jié)尾超強(qiáng)公式一：如此結(jié)論

說完了，畢竟要?dú)w納一番，相信各位都有這樣的經(jīng)歷，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)長篇大論，到最后終于冒出個(gè)“總而言之”之類的話，我們馬上停止開小差，等待領(lǐng)導(dǎo)說結(jié)束語。也就是說，開頭很好，也必然要有一個(gè)精彩的結(jié)尾，讓讀者眼前一亮，這樣，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子：

Obviously（此為過渡短語）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.如果讀者很難“顯而見之”，但說無妨，就當(dāng)讀者的眼光太淺罷了！

更多過渡短語：

to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus

更多句型：

Thus, it can be concluded that?, Therefore, we can find that? 2． 結(jié)尾超強(qiáng)公式二：如此建議

如果說“如此結(jié)論”是結(jié)尾最沒用的廢話，那么“如此建議”應(yīng)該是最有價(jià)值的廢話了，因?yàn)檫@里雖然也是廢話，但是卻用了一個(gè)很經(jīng)典的虛擬語氣的句型。拽！

Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.這里的虛擬語氣用得很經(jīng)典，因?yàn)榭脊俦緛斫?jīng)?？歼@個(gè)句型，而如果我們自己寫出來，你說考官會(huì)怎么想呢？

更多句型：

Accordingly, I recoMMend that some measures be taken.Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.寫作的“七項(xiàng)基本原則”

一、長短句原則

工作還得一張一馳呢，老讓讀者讀長句，累死人！寫一個(gè)短小精辟的句子，相反，卻可以起到畫龍點(diǎn)睛的作用。而且如果我們把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主題：

As a creature, I eat;as a man, I read.Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.如此可見，長短句結(jié)合，抑揚(yáng)頓挫，豈不爽哉？牢記！

強(qiáng)烈建議：在文章第一段（開頭）用一長一短，且先長后短；在文章主體部分，要先用一個(gè)短句解釋主要意思，然后在闡述幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)的時(shí)候采用先短后長的句群形式，定會(huì)讓主體部分妙筆生輝！文章結(jié)尾一般用一長一短就可以了。

二、主題句原則

國有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否則會(huì)給人造成“群龍無首”之感！相信各位讀過一些破爛文學(xué)，故意把主體隱藏在文章之內(nèi)，結(jié)果造成我們稀里糊涂！不知所云！所以奉勸各位一定要寫一個(gè)主題句，放在文章的開頭（保險(xiǎn)型）或者結(jié)尾，讓讀者一目了然，必會(huì)平安無事！

特別提示：隱藏主體句可是要冒險(xiǎn)的！

To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam（主題句）.Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、一二三原則

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)講話總是第一部分、第一點(diǎn)、第二點(diǎn)、第三點(diǎn)、第二部分、第一點(diǎn)? 如此羅嗦。可畢竟還是條理清楚。考官們看文章也必然要通過這些關(guān)鍵性的“標(biāo)簽”來判定你的文章是否結(jié)構(gòu)清楚，條理自然。破解方法很簡單，只要把下面任何一組的詞匯加入到你的幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)前就清楚了。

1）first, second, third, last（不推薦，原因：俗）

2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally（不推薦，原因：俗）

3）the first, the second, the third, the last（不推薦，原因：俗）

4）in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly（不推薦，原因：俗）

5）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（強(qiáng)烈推薦）

6）to start with, next, in addition, finally（強(qiáng)烈推薦）

7）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（強(qiáng)烈推薦）

8）most important of all, moreover, finally

9）on the one hand, on the other hand（適用于兩點(diǎn)的情況）

10）for one thing, for another thing（適用于兩點(diǎn)的情況）

建議：不僅僅在寫作中注意，平時(shí)說話的時(shí)候也應(yīng)該條理清楚！

四、短語優(yōu)先原則

寫作時(shí)，尤其是在考試時(shí)，如果使用短語，有兩個(gè)好處：其

一、用短語會(huì)使文章增加亮點(diǎn)，如果老師們看到你的文章太簡單，看不到一個(gè)自己不認(rèn)識的短語，必然會(huì)看你低一等。相反，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)亮點(diǎn)—精彩的短語，那么你的文章定會(huì)得高分了。其

二、關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻思維短路，只有湊字?jǐn)?shù)，怎么辦？用短語是一個(gè)辦法！比如：

I cannot bear it.可以用短語表達(dá)：I cannot put up with it.I want it.可以用短語表達(dá)：I am looking forward to it.這樣字?jǐn)?shù)明顯增加，表達(dá)也更準(zhǔn)確。

五、多實(shí)少虛原則

原因很簡單，寫文章還是應(yīng)該寫一些實(shí)際的東西，不要空話連篇。這就要求一定要多用實(shí)詞，少用虛詞。我這里所說的虛詞就是指那些比較大的詞。比如我們說一個(gè)很好的時(shí)候，不應(yīng)該之說nice這樣空洞的詞，應(yīng)該使用一些諸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之類的形象詞。再比如：

走出房間，general的詞是：walk out of the room

但是小偷走出房間應(yīng)該說：slip out of the room

小姐走出房間應(yīng)該說：sail out of the room

小孩走出房間應(yīng)該說：dance out of the room

老人走出房間應(yīng)該說：stagger out of the room

所以多用實(shí)詞，少用虛詞，文章將會(huì)大放異彩！

六、多變句式原則

1）加法（串聯(lián)）

都希望寫下很長的句子，像個(gè)老外似的，可就是怕寫錯(cuò)，怎么辦，最保險(xiǎn)的寫長句的方法就是這些，可以在任何句子之間加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后關(guān)系或者并列關(guān)系。比如說：

I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.如果是二者并列的，我們可以用一個(gè)超級句式：

Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.其它的短語可以用：

besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover

2）轉(zhuǎn)折（拐彎抹角）

批評某人缺點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，我們總習(xí)慣先拐彎抹角說說他的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，然后轉(zhuǎn)入正題，再說缺點(diǎn)，這種方式雖然陰險(xiǎn)了點(diǎn)，可畢竟還比較容易讓人接受。所以呢，我們說話的時(shí)候，只要在要點(diǎn)之前先來點(diǎn)廢話，注意二者之間用個(gè)專這次就夠了。

The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.The coat was thin, but it was warm.更多的短語：

despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding

3）因果（so, so, so）

昨天在街上我看到了一個(gè)女孩，然后我主動(dòng)搭訕，然后我們?nèi)タХ葟d，然后我們認(rèn)識了，然后我們成為了朋友?可見，講故事的時(shí)候我們總要追求先后順序，先什么，后什么，所以然后這個(gè)詞就變得很常見了。其實(shí)這個(gè)詞表示的是先后或因果關(guān)系！

The snow began to fall, so we went home.更多短語：

then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that

4）失衡句（頭重腳輕，或者頭輕腳重）

有些人腦袋大，身體小，或者有些人腦袋小，身體大，雖然我們不希望長成這個(gè)樣子，可如果真的是這樣了，也就必然會(huì)吸引別人的注意力。文章中如果出現(xiàn)這樣的句子，就更會(huì)讓考官看到你的句子與眾不同。其實(shí)就是主語從句，表語從句，賓語從句的變形。

舉例：This is what I can do.Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.同樣主語、賓語、表語可以改成如下的復(fù)雜成分：

When to go, Why he goes away?

5）附加（多此一舉）

如果有了老婆，總會(huì)遇到這樣的情況，當(dāng)你再講某個(gè)人的時(shí)候，她會(huì)插一句說，我昨天見過他；或者說，就是某某某，如果把老婆的話插入到我們的話里面，那就是定語從句和同位語從句或者是插入語。

The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.其實(shí)很簡單，同位語--要解釋的東西刪除后不影響整個(gè)句子的構(gòu)成；定語從句—借用之前的關(guān)鍵詞并且用其重新組成一個(gè)句子插入其中，但是whom or that 關(guān)鍵詞必須要緊跟在先行詞之前。

6）排比（排山倒海句）

文學(xué)作品中最吸引人的地方莫過于此，如果非要讓你的文章更加精彩的話，那么我希望你引用一個(gè)個(gè)的排比句，一個(gè)個(gè)得對偶句，一個(gè)個(gè)的不定式，一個(gè)個(gè)地詞，一個(gè)個(gè)的短語，如此表達(dá)將會(huì)使文章有排山倒海之勢！

Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.（氣勢恢宏）

要想寫出如此氣勢恢宏的句子非用排比不可！

七、挑戰(zhàn)極限原則

既然是挑戰(zhàn)極限，必然是比較難的，但是并非不可攀！

原理：在學(xué)生的文章中，很少發(fā)現(xiàn)諸如獨(dú)立主格的句子，其實(shí)也很簡單，只要花上5分鐘的時(shí)間看看就可以領(lǐng)會(huì)，它就是分詞的一種特殊形式，分詞要求主語一致，而獨(dú)立主格則不然。比如：

The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.如果您可一些出這樣的句子，不得高分才怪！文章主體段落三大殺手锏

一、舉實(shí)例

思維短路，舉實(shí)例！提出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，舉實(shí)例！提出一個(gè)方案，舉實(shí)例！而且者也是我們揭示一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)最好的方式，任何情況下，只要我們無法繼續(xù)文章，不管三七二十一，盡管舉例子！

In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance.For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her.更多句型：

To take ? as an example, One example is?, Another example is?, for example

二、做比較

方法：寫完一個(gè)要點(diǎn)，比較與之相似的；又寫完一個(gè)要點(diǎn)，再比較與之相反的；

世界上沒有同樣的指紋，沒有相同的樹葉，文章亦同，只有通過比較，你才會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)二者的相同點(diǎn)（through comparison）和不同點(diǎn)（through contrast）。下面是一些短語：

相似的比較：

in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner

相反的比較：

on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with ?, ?

三、換言之

沒話說了，可以換一句話再說，讓你的文章在多一些字，或者文鄒鄒地說，是讓讀者更充分的理解你的觀點(diǎn)。

實(shí)際就是重復(fù)重復(fù)再重復(fù)！下面的句子實(shí)際上就三個(gè)字 I love you!

I am enthusiastic about you.That is to say, I love you.I am wild about you.In other words, I have fallen in love with you.或者上面我們舉過的例子：

I cannot bear it.可以用短語表達(dá)：I cannot put up with it.因此可以這樣說：I cannot bear it.That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it.更多短語：

in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply

領(lǐng)航名師墨東博：考研英語作文模板--國有企業(yè)

As is vividly depicted in the picture , with a clear cracking sound , two bowls clashed into each other , in which the shinning one keeps its integrity , whereas the shabby one breaks into pieces.Just like being symbolically revealed in the set of drawing, the fact that the intact bowl, as a symbol of soly-invested companies , overwhelms the broken bowl representing the state-owned companies, with collision standing for fierce companies, profoundly indicates that it is time that our state-owned companies entailed reform especially after china’s entry into WTO when facing soly-invested companies abroad.To the popular mind , it is immediately assumed that when reform in state-owned companies is argued,it is car industry that is meant.To account for the above-mentioned phenomenon , several points should be figured out.For one thing, some of car industries once enjoyed the glorious past , They have ,however, gradually lost their market shares when soly ?invested companies were sweeping into domestic market.For another , in order to turn the corner ,the leaders of them should adopt the policy of reform such as acquisition, re-engineering and introduction of advanced technology and concepts of management.No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below, No 1 Motor Vehicle Plant has witnessed from predicament to rejuvenation through none other than effective steps mentioned above.Therefore ,no issue is as critical to individual and national survival and prosperity as reform in state-owned companies.Accordingly, it is vital for us to derive some positive meanings from this thought-provoking picture.It is ,hence, necessary that efforts be made to follow the spirit of reform concerning state-owned companies.On one hand, the government should make law to perfect irrational rules and regulations being visible in reform process.On the other hand, the leaders of state-owned companies should enhance the awareness of reform.Only by undergoing these steps ,can our more state-owned companies become members of Top 500 in the world, which, indeed, has gone to the heart of maintaining good momentum of national economy growth.一、要求：考生根據(jù)所給情景寫出一篇約100詞（標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號不計(jì)算在內(nèi)）的應(yīng)用性短文，包括私人和公務(wù)信函、備忘錄、摘要、報(bào)告等。考生在答題卡2上作答。滿分10分。

注意事項(xiàng)：

1）格式：稱呼，結(jié)尾，署名

2）簡明扼要，清楚明確。

3）遵照要求，內(nèi)容齊全。

4）言語得體，真心誠意。

二、備忘錄

備忘錄是一種錄以備忘的公文。在公文函件中，它的等級是比較低的，主要用來提醒、督促對方，或就某個(gè)問題提出自己的意見或看法。在業(yè)務(wù)上，它一般用來補(bǔ)充正式文件的不足。它的內(nèi)容可以分為以下幾項(xiàng)：

書端（Heading）

收文人的姓名、頭銜、地址（Addressee's Name, Title, Address）

稱呼(Salutation)

事因(Subject)

正文（Body）

結(jié)束語（Complimentary Close）

署名（Signature）

寫作注意事項(xiàng)

1、書端部分包括發(fā)文機(jī)關(guān)的名稱、地址、發(fā)文日期，有的還包括電報(bào)掛號、電傳號、電話號碼等。許多機(jī)關(guān)有自己特制的信箋，在寫書端時(shí)，其格式和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號的使用與一般信件的相同。

2、稱呼從左邊頂格寫起，對一般機(jī)關(guān)、團(tuán)體的負(fù)責(zé)人一般用 Dear Sir，對政府官員可用Sir。

3、正文、結(jié)束語和署名等項(xiàng)與一般信件的格式相同?！笆乱颉币豁?xiàng)目前采用得較少。

范文

Directions: Write a memorandum of about 100 words to the student service department and ask them to fix a telephone for each dormitory.MEMO

August 16, 2005

To: The leader of student service department

From: Li Ming

Subject: Telephone

Dear Sir，I would like to remind you that we are in want of a telephone for each dormitory.As a university student, we need to cope with the daily increasing communications with teachers, friends and people outside the campus.We need a telephone to get and send message, which is important for us.Though most of us have mobile phones and e-mail address, a telephone in the dormitory is after all the most convenient and cheapest tool of communication.I hope that you will pay attention to this problem and solve it as soon as possible.Regards.Yours,Li Ming

三、摘要

文章摘要是對所寫文章主要內(nèi)容的精煉概括。美國人稱摘要為“Abstract”，而英國人則喜歡稱其為“Summary”。

通常國際刊物要求所要刊登的文章字?jǐn)?shù)，包括摘要部分不超過1萬字。而對文章摘要部分的字?jǐn)?shù)要求則更少。因此寫摘要時(shí)，應(yīng)用最為簡練的語言來表達(dá)論文之精華。論文摘要的重點(diǎn)應(yīng)放在所研究的成果和結(jié)論上。

國際會(huì)議要求的論文摘要的字?jǐn)?shù)不等，一般為200字-500字。而國際刊物要求所刊登的論文摘要的字?jǐn)?shù)通常是100字-200字。摘要的位置一般放在一篇文章的最前面，內(nèi)容上涵蓋全文，并直接點(diǎn)明全旨。語言上要求盡量簡煉。摘要通常多采用第三人稱撰寫。

科學(xué)書籍、論文和學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告一般都附有內(nèi)容摘要，這樣可以節(jié)省讀者的時(shí)間，使他們不必讀完整個(gè)文章就能夠了解它的主要內(nèi)容。書籍摘要，一般放在封二或封三；論文和學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告的摘要，一般放在正文前面。摘要應(yīng)做到簡明扼要，切題，能獨(dú)立成文，使讀者能準(zhǔn)確地了解書籍的要義。寫摘要時(shí)，最好用第三人稱的完整的陳述句，文長一般不超過200個(gè)詞。

英文摘要分類

摘要分陳述性的（Descriptive）和資料性的（Informational）兩類。陳述性摘要只陳述書籍或文章的主題，不介紹內(nèi)容。資料性的摘要除了介紹主題外，還應(yīng)介紹文章的要點(diǎn)和各個(gè)要點(diǎn)的主要內(nèi)容。它可以包括三個(gè)組成部分：

①點(diǎn)明主題，解析文章或書籍的目的或意圖；

②介紹主要內(nèi)容，使讀者迅速了解文章或書籍的概貌；

③提出結(jié)論或建議，以供讀者參考。

英文摘要常見句型

1）This paper deals with...2）This article focuses on the topics of(that, having, etc)...3）This eassy presents knowledge that...4）This thesis discusses...5）This thesis analyzes...6）This paper provides an overview of...7)This paper elaborates on...8）This article gives an overview of...9）This article compares...and summarizes key findings.10）This paper includes discussions concerning...11)This paper presents up to date information on...12)This article covers the role of chemicals in...13)This paper addresses important topics including...14)This paper touches upon...15)This paper strongly emphasizes...16)This eassy represents the preceedings of...17)This article not only describes...but also suggests...18)This paper considers...19)This paper provides a method of...20)This paper introduces an applicable procedure to analyze...摘要題型寫作要點(diǎn)：

① 動(dòng)筆之前，考生一定要認(rèn)真仔細(xì)地閱讀所給原文，弄懂原文大意，掌握原文要點(diǎn)。

② 摘要的長度一般是原文的四分之一或五分之一，考試時(shí)應(yīng)遵守規(guī)定的字?jǐn)?shù)限制。

③ 在做摘要時(shí)考生切忌照搬原文。

④ 摘要應(yīng)與原文的觀點(diǎn)保持一致，并且仍按原文的邏輯順序排列。

⑤ 重點(diǎn)反映主要觀點(diǎn)，刪除細(xì)節(jié)。

⑥ 簡化從句，用簡短的語句代替冗長的語句。

⑦ 檢查與修改時(shí)，考生應(yīng)重點(diǎn)檢查是否遺漏了原文的要點(diǎn)或包含了細(xì)節(jié)。

摘要題型寫作實(shí)例

① 試題題目

Directions: Study the following essay carefully and write a summary in about 80 words.We continue to share with our remotest ancestors the most tangled and evasive attitudes about death, despite the great distance we have come in understanding some of the profound aspects of biology.We have as much distaste for talking about personal death as for thinking about it;it is an indelicacy, like talking in mixed company about venereal disease or abortion in the old days.Death on a grand scale does not bother us in the same special way: we can sit around a dinner table and discuss war, involving 60 billion volatilized human deaths, as though we were talking about bad weather;we can watch abrupt bloody death every day, in color, on films and television, without blinking back a tear.It is when the numbers of dead are very small, and very close, that we begin to think in scurrying circles.At the very center of the problem is the naked cold deadness of one’s own self, the only reality in nature of which we can have absolute certainty, and it is unmentionable, unthinkable.We may be even less willing to face the issue at first hand than our predecessors because of a secret new hope that maybe it will go away.We like to think, hiding the thought, that with all the marvelous ways in which we seem now to lead nature around by the nose, perhaps we can avoid the central problem if we just become, next year, say, a bit smarter.② 原文要點(diǎn)：

1.continue to have the most confused ideas of death like predecessors

2.avoid talking about death

③ 參考摘要：

People dislike talking about death because they just like their predecessors still have the vaguest ideas of the issue.They talk about death only when million upon millions of people are killed in war.When they find only very few people die each time and the death rates are almost equal, they become very anxious, thinking that next time they themselves will meet their doom.Therefore, they fear very much.However, they have a hope that when they control nature, they can avoid death.(84 words)

開頭與結(jié)尾用語

開頭：Dear Sir, Dear Madam, Dear sir or Madam, Dear President, Dear Sales Manager, Dear Dean, Dear Professor, To whom it may concern, Dear Mr.Smith，結(jié)尾：Yours faithfully, Yours truly, Yours, Yours sincerely, Best regards, Best wishes, lovingly yours, sincerely yours，l 正文第一句

朋友：Hi!How are you?

Hello!I hope everything is fine.Hi!How is everything going?

如不認(rèn)識：I was a guest at your hotel from June 25 to 28.I am a student at your college, enrolled in the computer course.致謝：Thank you for your invitation to the international medical conference on October 11.Thank you for your letter dated October 11.解釋寫信原因：I am writing to advise you for the loss of my credit card.I’d like to inquire about course details.I am writing to complain about/of the poor service at your restaurant.l 結(jié)尾段

發(fā)出請求：I am looking forward to your prompt reply.Please reply to us at your earliest convenience.表達(dá)歉意：once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.Please accept my apologies once again.提出投訴：I expect to hear from you very soon.Please give this matter your immediate attention.常用信件寫作介紹

1． 投訴信

開頭：自我介紹，交代投訴內(nèi)容，表明本信的目的和要求

正文：說明情況，講清利害，分析利弊。告訴對方你因此受到的傷害或不便，提出解決問題的建議，表明希望如何處理。

結(jié)尾：表達(dá)希望問題得到迅速恰當(dāng)解決的強(qiáng)烈愿望。希望盡快得到滿意的答復(fù)。

常用句型：

I am writing to you to complain about….I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with/at…

I beg to call your attention to the fact that…

I wish to refer you to an incident which occurred…, calling for some remedial action.I very much regret to have to inform you that…

I am totally/completely disappointed/upset to find…

I find it awful/quite distressing that…

My experience in…on…(date)shocked me.I can hardly put up with it.There are some problems with the … that I wish to bring to attention.For one thing, there is….For another, …..I can hardly stand/bear/tolerate/put up with it any more.To improve the situation/solve the above problem, it is advisable for you to take the following measures:…

I look forward to a day when we could really enjoy a more efficient service.I hope that the above situation will be improved as soon as possible.If it is not properly settled, I would ask you to give my money back, or I would complain to the Consumer’s Association.I request you to be kind enough to solve the problem as soon as possible.應(yīng)注意：

1）禮貌用詞，不能過激。

2）提出希望/要求，句型要多樣化。

3）反映問題集中，不要聯(lián)想其他。

Ex.1

Last Saturday, you ate at a restaurant and found a fly in one of the dishes you ordered.Write a letter of complaint to the manager of the restaurant and offer your suggestions on this problem.2． 咨詢信、請求信、說明信

開頭：簡要告知身份，表明寫信原因或請求

正文：詳細(xì)闡明詢問、請求的具體內(nèi)容、希望獲得的信息。說明信應(yīng)寫明原因、實(shí)情及希望對方做些什么。強(qiáng)調(diào)所需信息/幫助的重要性。（按要求）

結(jié)尾：表達(dá)謝意，希望得到對方回復(fù)、幫助或合作。

常用句型：

I would like to inquire about some information concerning/regarding….I am writing in the hope that you can…

I am writing because I would like to…

Needless to say, your approval of my request will be beneficial not only to myself but to the company.Could you tell me what I have to do to…

It is sincerely requested that you…

My first question is that …

Should I need to send further materials, please let me know.If additional information is required, please advise me at your early convenience.Should I send you copies of my qualification in advance?

I would be much obliged to you if you could let me know the procedures I have to go through.Your prompt and favorable attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.Please render me some valuable advice which is conducive to my final decision.I am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.應(yīng)注意：

1）請求內(nèi)容/信息一定要詳盡，具體。

2）語氣要客氣，委婉。

3）語言直接，具體，簡明。

Ex2.For some reason, you need to borrow a book from a classmate.Write a letter to him or her to

1)describe the book you want to borrow，2)specify by when the book will be returned, and

3)express your gratitude.3． 道歉信。

開頭：簡單交代對何事進(jìn)行道歉。

正文：解釋事情發(fā)生的原因，消除誤會(huì)或矛盾。

結(jié)尾：再次表示遺憾何歉意，表明愿意補(bǔ)救的愿望，提出建議或安排。

常用句型：

I must apologize to you for…

I am very sorry that..I regret to inform you that I will not be able to…

I am afraid what I have done has caused many inconveniences to you.I sincerely hope you understand that I offended you quite unintentionally.I believe you can understand that I have not intended to hurt you.I owe you an apology.It is my fault.I am to blame for this unpleasant thing.Please pardon/excuse/forgive me.I sincerely hope that you will kindly accept my apologies.I will try my utmost not to make such a stupid mistake again.I trust the settlement of the matter will meet your wishes.I hope you will kindly forgive my lapse of attention.I am so sorry to have put you to/into so much trouble.應(yīng)注意：

1）事情原委要解釋清楚。

2）說明情況與理由，實(shí)事求是，簡明扼要。

3）態(tài)度誠懇。

4）用詞委婉，語氣溫和，得體。

Ex.You have invited a friend over to have dinner with you one night, but just before the dinner you received an urgent phone call from your office and you had to leave immediately.Write a letter of apology to your friend.4． 感謝信

開頭：表達(dá)謝意，提及受到的幫助。

正文：回憶該幫助，高度評價(jià)/贊揚(yáng)對方，表達(dá)當(dāng)時(shí)的心情感受。

結(jié)尾：再次表達(dá)謝意，提出回報(bào)希望。

常用句型：

I am grateful/thankful to you for…

I am much obliged to you for your help.I shall always appreciate the assistance you have given me.I am writing to express my thanks to you for the many kindnesses you showed me when I was in hospital.It was most thoughtful and generous of you to send me such a beautiful and fancy gift.Thoughtful considerate considerable

It’s very kind of you to help us.I hope you can know how much I appreciate your hospitality and your many kindnesses to me.Hostility

But for your help, I would not..If it had not been for your timely assistance, I am afraid that..Thanks from the bottom of my heart for…

With thanks from every one of us and best wishes to you.Again, I would like to express our warm thanks to you.I shall be pleased to reciprocate your favor when the opportunity arises.應(yīng)注意：

1）開頭要直截了當(dāng)。

2）表明誠意，避免空洞。

3）態(tài)度熱情

Ex.You got sick just a week before the final examinations and were sent to a hospital.One nurse treated you very well and you recovered soon.Write a letter of appreciation to the nurse(Miss Smith).Dear Miss Smith，I was just at your hospital when I got sick before the final examinations.First, I thanks for you could treat me very well and let me recovered soon.If it had not been for your timely assistance, I’m afraid that I couldn’t pass the exam.Thank you for the bottom of my heart for your help and service.Dear Miss Smith，I hope you can know how much I appreciate your kindnesses you showed me when I was in hospital.I got sick just a week before the final examination.I was so worried that I couldn’t take part in the examination.It was just you that encouraged me to face the illness bravely.So I recovered soon, and I got good results in my final examination.If it had not been for your timely assistance, I am afraid I can’t have recovered so soon and achieved such good results.Again, I would like to express my thanks to you.Sincerely yours，Dear Miss Smith，I am writing to express my thanks to you for the many kindnesses you showed me when I was in hospital.If it had not been for your timely assistance, I am afraid that I would be still in hospital now.I got sick just a week before the exam.You treated me well and I recovered soon.Now I pass the exam.But for your kindness help, I would not have passed the exam.Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you.I shall be pleased to reciprocate your favor when the opportunity arises.Yours sincerely，Dear Miss Smith，I was a patient of yours one week ago, and I write the letter to you to show my appreciation for your help.It was near the final exam then, and without your hospitable and generous help, I couldn’t have recovered so soon, let alone to get a high mark on the exam.I shall always appreciate the help you’d offered me and I shall be pleased to reciprocate your favor when opportunity arises.Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you.Best wishes，Sincerely yours，邀請信

開頭：開門見山，說明目的。

正文：邀請內(nèi)容（活動(dòng)性質(zhì)，地點(diǎn)，時(shí)間，日期），有關(guān)要求與希望。

結(jié)尾：重申對方參加的重要性，希望盡快回復(fù)。

常用句型：

I should be much pleased if you would come to our party on Friday the 15th at 6.I am pleased to invite you to participate in …to be held from…to….in..I feel it a great honor if you could..It is my pleasure/a great honor for me to invite you to…

We would be greatly honored if you could come…

I am writing to invite you to…

I am particularly anxious to have you join us.It’s a long time since I have had the pleasure of seeing you and I do hope you can come.We hope that you can come and look forward to seeing you.I will cover all the expenses involved.應(yīng)注意：

1）用詞清晰，簡明。

2）邀請內(nèi)容清楚。

5． 求職信

開頭：說明信息來源，表明寫信目的 正文：提供個(gè)人資料，詢問相關(guān)問題。

結(jié)尾：表達(dá)愿望，提供聯(lián)系方式，表示感謝。

常用句型：

I have read your advertisement in…for a(position/post), and should be grateful if you could consider me favorably as an applicant for the position.I wish to apply for the post mentioned in your advertisement in yesterday’s newspaper.I wish to apply for a position with your company.I myself like the job very much and I think my personality is well suited to working as a ….Honest, trust-worthy, reliable, enthusiastic, diligent, bright, smart, careful, patient, responsible, efficient, productive, versatile, open-minded, optimistic，I am confident that my experience and ability will show you that I can fulfill the particular requirement of your position.Born in…in.., I graduated from….University majoring in …..I have been working in…since my graduation, and I have therefore attained a fair knowledge and experience in this field.Upon graduation, I first worked as … The following job was ….And currently I am working for…

I intend to give up my present post in order to get a more challenging opportunity.With the kind of experience I have accumulated, I would expect a salary of not less than 4,000.I shall be very much obliged if you will offer me an opportunity for an interview.I am looking forward with great interest to hearing from you soon regarding my application.應(yīng)注意：

1）適當(dāng)展示自己（經(jīng)歷，才能）

2）不要言他

3）語言明確清楚，流露自信。

6． 推薦信

開頭：開門見山，表明關(guān)系。

正文：稱贊被推薦人（舉例說明），客觀介紹其相關(guān)能力，突出表現(xiàn)、性格與人品

結(jié)尾：作出保證，提出希望，表示感謝。

常用句型：

I am very glad to recommend you a former student of mine, Mr./Miss… to be a candidate for…

I am writing to recommend…

I have great pleasure to provide a letter for recommendation for Mr./Miss…

With reference to your advertised position, I have the pleasure to say that he is the just person you are looking for.He has proved to be industrious, responsible and skillful in carrying out his assignment.Besides being thoroughly honest and reliable he showed an unusual quickness and ability in…

I hope the above information will help you to know…

If you need any further information about his qualification, please do not hesitate to contact me.If further information about him/her is required, please do not hesitate to let me know/contact me

In view of his/her previous achievements in…, I am firmly convinced that Mr./Miss.., will make a successful graduate student/staff member.I would be most grateful if you would consider my recommendation and kindly offer him a…

應(yīng)注意：

1）開門見山，簡明扼要。

2）舉例說明，客觀敘述。

7． 表揚(yáng)信

開頭：身份簡介，提及感謝的人，事。

正文：敘述經(jīng)過，詳細(xì)介紹值得表揚(yáng)之處，表達(dá)感受

結(jié)尾：提出祝愿與希望

常用句型：

I am writing to tell you how highly I think of…

I am writing because I appreciate very much what Mr./Miss…from your company has done.I am greatly impressed by….What he has done shows that…

He deserves praise for what he has done.I am greatly inspired by…

It is your good service as well as excellent food that help you set up a world reputation.For this reason, I am writing to express my heartfelt thanks and hope that your company will have a brighter future.應(yīng)注意：

1）敘述經(jīng)過，明確具體。

2）上升到一個(gè)高度。

3）語言誠懇。

8． 祝賀信

開頭：開門見山，說明消息來源

正文：回憶過去，表明感受，展望未來，提出建議。

結(jié)尾：表達(dá)祝愿

常用句型：

What exciting/thrilling news!

It’s good/sensational news.I was delighted/thrilled to hear/to receive the news that ….It’s the most joyful news I have heard for a long time.I congratulate you on/upon your success.Congratulations and all good/best wishes.Please accept my heartiest congratulations on…

Permit me to congratulate you…

We want you to know how happy we were when…

It gave me a great deal of pleasure to learn…

Wish you all the happiness in the world.I hope you will have nothing but joy and happiness in your life/career.All the luck in the world to you!

Best of luck to you!

范文：

Ex.1

Last Saturday, you ate at a restaurant and found a fly in one of the dishes you ordered.Write a letter of complaint to the manager of the restaurant and offer your suggestions on this problem

Dear manager，I was a guest/customer at your restaurant last Saturday.I wish to refer you to the incident that happened that day, calling for your immediate attention to the matter.It shocked me when I found a fly in a dish in the middle of our meal.I could hardly bear it.I felt sick.If it happens again, I am convinced that no one will come to eat here any more.It is advisable for you to tidy up/ clean up your kitchen as soon as possible.Please give me your immediate attention to this matter.Sincerely yours，***

Ex2.For some reason, you need to borrow a book from a classmate.Write a letter to him or her to

1）describe the book you want to borrow，2）specify by when the book will be returned, and

3）express your gratitude.Dear Jones，I am writing to ask for your help in lending me a book.Recently I’ve been busy preparing my graduate thesis, and therefore have been reading and researching numerous books and references.One of the books that my advisor believes to be particularly relevant to my thesis is called The Legal System in Society.Unfortunately I have been unable to find it at the library or in any bookstores.Do you happen to have this book? If so, may I borrow it? I promise to take good care of it and will return it to you within three days.Thank you very much.I hope to hear from you soon.Sincerely yours，Li Ming

練習(xí)題：

Ex.1

You live in a room in college which you share with another student.You find it very difficult to study there because he or she always has friends visiting.They have parties in the room and sometimes borrow your things without asking you.Write a letter to the Accommodation officer at the college and ask for a new room next term.You should prefer a single room.Explain your reasons.Ex.2

Your classmate and close friend, Jack, has just passed the graduate entrance examination and is going to study at a famous university in another city.Write a letter of congratulation to him.Ex.3

You stayed with a local family when you attended a training program in UK.You returned to your home country in a hurry and found that you had left your laptop in the family.Write a letter to the family, thanking them for their hospitality.Describe the computer and where it is and ask the host to send it back to you.Ex.4

You are a college student who applies for a part-time job in a shop during the summer vacation.Write a letter to the shop owner explaining why you are a suitable person for the job.Remember to ask him or her about the rate of payment.Ex.5

You are a college student who applies to a university for an MA degree program of the major “Life Science”.Introduce yourself and state out the reasons.Ask them to send the necessary information concerning the course.1.審題要認(rèn)真

短文的標(biāo)題是對全文的高度概括。通過認(rèn)真審題來確定標(biāo)題的核心詞或者說關(guān)鍵詞,依此來整理思路。因此,考生看到試題后絕對不能提筆就寫,而是應(yīng)該認(rèn)真審題,看清題目的要求和提示,充分利用題目所提供的信息、關(guān)鍵詞所圈定的范圍,在確立主題后再動(dòng)筆。

如 從標(biāo)題 The Misery of Shyness 中得知,考生不但要解釋說明 Shyness ,更重要的是要突出由 Shyness 帶來的Misery。至此,短文要重點(diǎn)闡述帶來了什么Misery。

2.文體要統(tǒng)一

正式文體的文章不宜用非正式的語句。有些考生在一篇很正式的議論文中用以下的句子做結(jié)語 OK, this is what I want to say.或是That’s my opinion.Do you agree with me？等等,使文章顯得不倫不類。

3.主題要突出

標(biāo)題如果是 Pollution from Cars 或 Air Pollution ,以下段落的闡述顯得有些贅述 1 Part of this problem is the world’s exploding population.2 A growing population undoubtedly means more factories polluting the air.3 Besides, land and water pollution has also increased.4 Pollution is, in fact, threatening our health, our happiness, and our civilization.尤其是第三句,還有點(diǎn)跑題。

4.文字要連貫

一篇好文章要注重連貫性。連貫性主要體現(xiàn)在句子與句子、段落與段落的銜接上,這種銜接要通過過渡詞語來實(shí)現(xiàn),以達(dá)到文章通順,語言流暢。例如 It is clear that television news can vividly bring into us dramatic events of importance, such as wars, games and soon, but it can not cover important stories in detail they may deserve because of its time limitation.On the contrary, print news excels in its ability to devote as much space to a story as it sees fit, though it can not compete with television visually.Besides, television is essentially a passive medium.Such as, but, because of, on the contrary, though, besides 這些過渡詞把句子從語義上連接起來,形成一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體,讀起來猶如行云流水,自然酣暢。

5.內(nèi)容要一致

要?jiǎng)h除多余的詞語,否則, 一是破壞了文章的一致性, 二是有湊字?jǐn)?shù)之嫌。如 Scientists fear that nuclear energy will one day destroyus.2 They say that the explosion of a nuclear bomb can kill millions of people and cause disease and deformity in later generation.3 Because of limited energy resources, scientists are studying the possibilities of nuclear power.4 And any failure from a nuclear plant may cause enormous damage to the affected area5 What’s more, up to now people have not discovered a safe way to dispose of radioactive wastes.本段中的第三句與主題不符, 也與第二和第四句不連貫, 應(yīng)刪除。

6.表達(dá)方式要多樣化

詞、句型使用的多樣化不僅給文章增加了色彩和可讀性,與此同時(shí)也可反映考生的詞匯量和語言掌握的程度等。為避免文章平淡、呆板, 可使用不同的句式 強(qiáng)調(diào)句、倒裝句、否定句等等。長短句使用合理相間,用短句表達(dá)有力的結(jié)論,用長句體現(xiàn)嚴(yán)密的邏輯關(guān)系。考生在舉例說明的段落中尤其要注意詞語的多樣性。

7.考點(diǎn)要覆蓋全

無論是什么形式的寫作都有寫作內(nèi)容上的要求,一般為三個(gè)方面?？忌趧?dòng)筆前一定要看清寫作內(nèi)容上的要求,以確保文章覆蓋所有考點(diǎn)。

8.語言要流暢

評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)已清楚地告訴考生 文章要語言流暢、字句通順、表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確, 這是得高分的基礎(chǔ)。

Last year the public spent two hundred million pounds on pet food alone, to say nothing of animal care bills and furniture.1 It is difficult not to feel resentful about this when one considers what the same amount could do for victims of starvation and poverty,2 and it is not unusual for me to get hot under the collar when I read about another old person who has left all his ／her money to a dog or cat home.這兩句在表達(dá)意義上用詞十分到位,隨著兩個(gè) when 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句內(nèi)容的遞進(jìn),主句對表現(xiàn)氣憤程度的加強(qiáng)通過用詞的不同而表達(dá)得淋漓盡致；排比結(jié)構(gòu)的運(yùn)用使觀點(diǎn)更加明確 在1 中 It is difficult not 和 to feel resentful about this 與2 中的 it is not unusual 和 to get hot under the collar 詞語表達(dá)極其準(zhǔn)確。這需要考生在平時(shí)大量閱讀文章時(shí)多注意積累好的語言表達(dá)。

9.首尾要呼應(yīng)

上述幾項(xiàng)被閱卷者稱為閃光點(diǎn) ,即加分的因素。除此而外, 更重要的一點(diǎn)是要注意文章的完整性,即首尾要呼應(yīng)。

10.檢查要到位

這個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié)往往被考生忽略不計(jì),而因?yàn)樯倭诉@個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)所造成的后果真可謂是功虧一簣。在閱卷過程中,時(shí)不時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn) ourself、thinked、the person who are… ,而這些會(huì)釀成不良后果的錯(cuò)誤完全可在一兩分鐘的時(shí)間內(nèi)檢查、修改完成。所以, 在寫完短文后, 要耐心地再讀一遍。

第五篇：考研英語作文高分

小作文模板

1.建議信

Dear ________,As ________, I’m writing to express my views concerning ________.Although ________, there is still much room for improvement.Forinstance, ________.In view of these facts, I would like to make the following suggestions.First, ________.Second,________.I hope you will find these suggestions helpful.Yours sincerely,________

2.辭職信模板

Dear ________,I am writing to inform you of my resignation from the current position.I can/will ________ for the transition process.Although I really appreciate the invaluable experience working here, I gradually find_______.In addition , ________.Therefore,________.I would like to thank you for ________.Should there be any inconvenience and trouble caused by my resignation, I am sorry indeed.Yours faithfully,________

3.致歉信模板

Dear ________,I am excessively sorry that I must apologize for ________.I’m afraid what I have done has caused much inconvenience to you.In order to ________, I will ________.Please accept my most cordial and humblest apology.I do hope you ________ and excuse me for ________.Cordially yours

________

4.求職信模板

Dear ________,I have become aware ________ that you are seeking people qualified to fill the vacancy for ________.I am convinced that ________.I major in ________.Furthermore, ________.My resume and list of references are available upon request.I appreciate your time and consideration, and look forward to meeting you in the near future.Faithfully yours,________

5.感謝信模板 Dear ________,I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for ________.Without your help, ________.________.Many thanks again for ________.I hope I will have a chance to ________.Sincerely yours, ________

6.申請信模板 Dear Sir/Madam,I am writing to you in the hope of ________.I would like to know more details about ________.If ________, I will/can ________.I am eagerly looking forward to your reply.And your kind help would be greatly appreciated.Yours respectfully,________

7.投訴信模板 Dear ________,This letter is to notify you about a problem I am having with ________.I am dissatisfied with ________ because ________.I have already attempt to ________.Unfortunately, it seemed that ________.I am sure you will agree that ________.I look forward to your early reply.Yours sincerely,________

8.詢問信模板 Dear ________,I am writing to ask if ________.Since ________, I would be most grateful if ________.Your prompt attention to this letter would be highly appreciated.I am expecting your early reply.Yours faithfully,________

9.邀請信模板 Dear ________,Please allow me to have the honor of inviting you ________.The occasion will start at/in ________.Following that, ________.We would be particularly honored by your distinguished presence at ________.Please inform me of ________.Yours sincerely,________

10.祝賀信模板 Dear ________,I am thrilled to know that ________.Please allow me to give my most sincere congratulations on this exciting occasion.As your ________, I _______.It means ________.And it is ________.I take this opportunity to express my best wishes to you.Wish you ________.Yours sincerely,________

11.推薦信模板 Dear ________,This letter is in reference to ________, who ________.He/She is applying for ________.With reference to your requirements, I shall, without reservation, recommend ________.During ________, I spent considerable time with him/her.He/She ________.I believe he/she will ________.I hope the above information will help you ________.If you ________, please do not hesitate to contact me.Yours faithfully, ________

12.介紹信 Dear ________,It gives me much pleasure to introduce ________ to you.He/She ________.Because ________, I hope ________, which I shall ________.I hope it won’t cause you much trouble.Your kindness will be highly appreciated.Yours sincerely,________

13.便簽?zāi)０?Dear ________,This note is to ________.I will ________.I am sorry that I can’t pass on the message to you in your presence because ________.Yours, ________

14.通知模板

ANNOUNCEMENT 通知主題

Speaker: ________ Time: ________ Place: ________ 正文

單位/個(gè)人

15.備忘錄模板

Memorandum

To: ________ From: ________ Date: ________ Subject: ________ 正文內(nèi)容

16.簡歷模板

RESUME

Name: ________

Date of Birth: ________ Marital Status: ________ Address: ________ Telephone: ________ Education: ________

Work Experience: ________ Languages: ________

Awards and Scholarships: ________ Interests: ________ Reference: ________

17.摘要模板

Abstract

In order to ________, the paper takes ________ into consideration.It first ________, and further explores ________.Based upon the above, the author concludes that ________.大作文模板

1.價(jià)值觀類

一、As is symbolically depicted in the cartoon, ________(圖片內(nèi)容).The caption indicates, ________(說明文字).Undoubtedly, we can deduce from the portrayal that the cartoonist is trying to

attract our attention to the issue of ________(圖片的主題).Why________(主題的重要性)? The answer seems selfevident.On the one hand, ________(重要性體現(xiàn)或變現(xiàn)1).On the other hand, ________(2).It is my view that, we can frequently use such drawings to enlighten the juvenile as to the importance of ________（主題).All in all, ________(深化主題).二、I was really fascinated by the above intriguing cartoon.As is vividly portrayed, ________(圖畫內(nèi)容).Apparently, the purpose of the picture is to direct our attention to ________(圖畫內(nèi)涵), which is ________ to/in our life.For one thing, ________(內(nèi)涵重要意義 1).For another, ________(2).Therefore, it is essential for us to ________(針對圖畫內(nèi)涵的態(tài)度).First of all, ________(具體措施1).In addition, ________(2).With correct understanding and practical acts, we will ________(出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果).三、As is shown in the picture, ________(圖片內(nèi)容).The drawing vividly illustrates ________(表達(dá)的主題).Obviously the drawing conveys the meaning that ________(圖片內(nèi)涵).As an old saying goes, ________(應(yīng)用相關(guān)諺語).This also applies to ________(擴(kuò)展論證).Examples to prove the idea are abundant, and the most persuasive is ________ 舉例說明).In conclusion, ________(總結(jié)深化主題).2.教育類

一、As is vividly portrayed in the first cartoon, ________(第一幅圖片的內(nèi)容).In contrast, ________(第二幅圖片的內(nèi)容)as shown in the second cartoon.The fact that ________(圖片體現(xiàn)的問題).For one thing, ________(問題的表現(xiàn)或原因1).For another, ________(2).Therefore, ________(問題的結(jié)果).In fact, ________(對待問題的正確態(tài)度).Accordingly, ________(應(yīng)該采取的 措施及意義).二、As is vividly depicted in the above picture, ________(圖片內(nèi)容).The caption informs us that ________(說明文字內(nèi)容).Undoubtedly, what the picture conveys is ________(圖片主題).In fact, ________(論證支持主題).As a college student, I firmly believe that ________(自己的觀點(diǎn)).Admittedly,________(公認(rèn)的做法).At the same time, ________(進(jìn)一步的做法).It is believed that ________(總結(jié)).三、________(話題)plays a very important role in ________(起作用的方面).Without ________(話題帶來的好處), ________(結(jié)果).However, ________(現(xiàn)狀及問題).Therefore, ________(提出措施).Undoubtedly, ________(解決問題的方法)is of great necessity.On the one hand, ________(必要性體現(xiàn)1).On the other hand, ________(2).As a result, ________(總結(jié)).From my point of view, ________(個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)).The final way to improve the situation is ________(建議).3.社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)類

一、As can be seen in the above picture, ________(圖畫的內(nèi)容).Apparently, ________(圖畫象征的含義).The purpose of the picture is to show us that due attention has to be paid to ________(圖畫的主題).On the one hand, ________(主題的一個(gè)方面).For

instance, ________(舉例說明).On the other hand, ________(主題的另一個(gè)方面).A good case in point is that ________(舉例說明).Personally, ________(我的觀點(diǎn)).After all, ________(問題的根本).二、The set of drawings above vividly depict a common phenomenon that________(圖片揭示的現(xiàn)象).As is portrayed in the first picture, ________(第一幅圖片的內(nèi)容).In the second one, ________(第二幅圖片的內(nèi)容).Obviously, ________(圖片的相同點(diǎn)/不同點(diǎn)).It goes without saying that ________(現(xiàn)象積極的一面).First, ________(原因1).Second, ________(原因 2).However, we have to admit that ________(現(xiàn)象的弊端).In my view, ________(對待這一現(xiàn)象的正確態(tài)度).三、As is vividly depicted in the above drawing, ________(圖片內(nèi)容).Undoubtedly, ________(圖片反映的事實(shí)).The drawer highlights the longstanding issue of ________(圖片揭示的深層問題).Nowadays, ________(對問題深入分析).Therefore, immediate measures should be taken to solve the problem of ________(正在討論的問題).To begin with, ________(措施 1).In addition, ________(措施2).In fact, ________(用一個(gè)基本事實(shí)來支持論點(diǎn)).4.人口環(huán)境類

一、The above pictures present us with two situations with sharp contrast.In the first picture, we learn that ________(第一幅圖片的內(nèi)容).On the contrary, ________(第二幅圖片的內(nèi)容).It is apparent that ________(圖片的主題).The purpose of the pictures is to tell us that due attention has to be paid to ________(圖片揭示的現(xiàn)象).For example, ________(舉例說明).Consequently, ________(現(xiàn)象造成的結(jié)果).Therefore, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures to deal with the urgent problem.First and foremost, ________(措施1).Furthermore, ________(措施2).二、As can be seen from the graphs, ________(圖表內(nèi)容).Apparently, ________(圖表說明的問題).There are numerous reasons for this effect, and I would explore only two of the most important ones here.First, ________(原因 1).For example, ________(舉例說明).Second, ________(原因2).For instance, ________(舉例說明).Personally, it is imperative to take effective measures to reverse the disturbing trend illustrated in the graphs.One measure is ________(措施 1).More importantly, ________(措施 2).5.健康類

一、________(提出引出主題的問題).Of all the complaints I have heard, this is the one most frequently uttered.As is shown in the charts above, ________(圖表內(nèi)容 1).Accordingly, ________(結(jié)果).We can see from the charts that________(圖表內(nèi)容2).However, ________(討論對象的變化).According to the given figures,________(變化趨勢).There are probably several reasons responsible for the trend.In the first place, ________(變化原因1).In the second place, ________(變化原因 2).Hence, ________(結(jié)論).二、The desire for ________(美好的目標(biāo))is universal.________(正面論證支持).On the contrary, ________(反面論證支持).There are numerous ways to ________(達(dá)到目標(biāo)).First and foremost, ________(方法 1).Moreover, ________(方法2).Finally,(方法 3).As for me, ________(我的做法 1).In addition, ________(我的做法2).Therefore, ________(總結(jié)).