第一篇：山東省寧津縣育新中學中考應用文體

作文指導復習

今年中考寫作側重實用，可能會涉及應用文體?，F把中考容易出現的應用文體簡介如下，希望同學們認真保存。

1．書信

一般書信（包括請柬）包括五個部分：（1）稱呼。信紙第一行頂格寫，后面加冒號。（2）正文。第二行空兩格寫起，轉行頂格?？捎腥舾啥温?。（3）結尾。正文寫完，如果正文最后一行空格比較多，可以接著寫“此致”、“?！钡仍~語，否則，另起一行空兩格或四格寫“此致”、“?！钡仍~語。然后另起一行頂格寫“敬禮”、“進步”等祝頌語。（4）署名。一般寫在祝頌詞下行的后半行。（5）日期。寫在署名下一行，靠右邊寫上年月日。

請柬除具有書信的特點外，還要特別寫明出席的具體時間、地點。用語要客氣有禮貌。另外，還要注意信封的寫法。要寫清收信方的郵政編碼和詳細地址。收信人的姓名、稱呼位置居中。稱呼是郵遞員對收信人的稱呼，不宜寫“父母大人”、“姐姐”等稱呼。發信人的詳細地址及郵編要寫清楚。如果是掛號信，還要寫清發信人姓名。

2．啟事

啟事的寫法是：第一行正中寫啟事的名稱，如“征文啟事”。第二行空兩格起，寫啟事內容。末尾右下方分兩行寫署名、日期。啟事的有些內容要十分具體明確，如地址、時間、聯系辦法等。有些內容就不應寫得具體明確，如“失物招領”中有關失物的詳情，以防冒領。

3．通知

通知的一般格式是：第一行居中寫“通知”二字。第二行頂格寫被通知方的名稱，加冒號（如果正文已明確了通知的對象，被通知方的名稱也可略去）。下行空兩格起寫正文，如果正文內容較多，可分條寫，以便讀者把握內容要點。署名和日期分兩行寫在正文的右下方。

4．申請書

寫申請書的目的是通過向上級或有關主管部門提出自己明確而具體的某種要求并申明理由，以期得到批準。申請書的一般格式是：（1）標題括事由和文件名稱，如“入團申請書”。（2）正文包括申請原因（含申請者有關方面的基本狀況）、事項、理由和要求。（3）結尾署明申請者和日期。寫申請書，事項要明確，態度要積極，言辭要懇切，理由要充分。

5、計劃 現代社會，工作和學習都要講求效率，有計劃才能保證高效率。寫計劃，要求做到明確、具體、簡要。計劃一般包括三個部分：①標題，即計劃的名稱。②內容，即計劃的正文，是主要部分，可以分三項來寫：前言，概括說明為什么要訂這個計劃；目的任務，寫計劃要達到的目標和要求，這一項內容要寫得明確；具體措施，一般是分條寫幾項具體做法，便于實行，也便于檢查落實情況。③計劃制訂者（單位或個人）和日期，這是最后的署名。

6、總結

總結，按內容寬窄分有綜合總結、專題總結；按寫總結者分有部門總結、單位總結、個人總結等；按性質分有工作總結、學習總結、生產總結等?？偨Y一般包括四個部分：①基本情況；②成績和缺點；③經驗和教訓；④存在的問題和改進措施。

7.講演稿

寫講演稿和寫議論文相近，議論文里的論點、論據、論證方法、立論、駁論等知識和要求，都可以用到講演里面。一篇講演稿要有一個中心，而且觀點要鮮明，舉例要典型，這樣才能在聽眾中留下深刻的印象，會引起強烈的反響。講演稿的結構要清晰、完整，使聽眾容易聽明白。在表達上要注意感情色彩，把說理和抒情結合起來，做到以理服人，以情感人。講演稿的語言要生動，把抽象的道理形象化，把概括的東西具體化，可以適當運用警句、諺語、成語等，也可以根據情景恰當地運用幽默的語言。有的講演還受時間限制，必須在規定 1 的時間內講完，因此講演稿的長短要與規定的講演時間相適應。

13、倡議書

倡議書由標題、稱呼、正文、結束語、署名、日期幾部分組成。正文包括以下內容：①提出倡議的背景和目的；②倡議的內容和事項；③倡議者的決心和希望。

14、建議書

建議書是個人或單位向上級或有關機關團體提出意見、有所建議時使用的一種文書。建議書沒有號召群眾去從事某一活動的意思，這是它與倡議書的異點。建議書一般包括五個部分：①標題；②頂格寫明送交建議書的機關、單位名稱或個人姓名（即向誰提建議）；③正文。寫明建議的原因、建議的具體事項、建議者的愿望。④落款。署上建議者的姓名或單位名稱。⑤時間，寫明年月日。

15、祝賀信

寫祝賀信要注意：①要清楚祝賀者和被祝賀者的關系；②要緊緊扣住一個中心寫，祝賀什么，為什么表示祝賀，也可以寫出自己的想法、態度和意見；③要出于真情實感；④語言簡潔扼要，通俗流暢，不刻意雕飾。

16、表揚信

寫表揚信要把表揚的事實（時間、地點、事情的經過和結果）寫出來，內容要具體，但一定要實事求是。還要簡略分析一下被表揚人的精神和品質，以便激勵自己教育別人。

17、感謝信

寫感謝信要把感謝的事實敘述清楚，對方在什么時間、什么地點，由于什么原因、做了什么好事，對自己或單位有什么支持和幫助，事情有什么好的結果和影響，并把感謝的心情、學習的態度和決心表達出來。語言要樸素、感情要真摯，切忌泛泛而談、虛情假意。

參考寫作題：

1.請將下面這首詩改寫成一封致友人的信。

關于謠言 蘇叔陽

不要，不要計較 別人怎樣議論你。因為謠言像影子 總是追逐成績。

除非你步入濃黑的暗夜，那就和影子擁抱在一起； 讓太陽掛在你的頭頂吧，謠言就萎縮在你的腳底！

2.（2012年四川宜賓作文題）面對成長的煩惱或欣喜，面對環境的日漸破壞和惡化，面對戰爭的頻繁發生和世界局勢的動蕩不安，面對??你肯定有許多思考想要傾訴。

請以“致____的一封信”為題目寫一篇文章，抒發真情實感。要求：（１）將題目補充完整；（２）注意書信格式。

3.（2009年浙江寧波）書信是人們交流思想的工具，表達方式較為靈活，可以記述見聞，訴說真情，評論時事，探討問題，說明原委。請以“致××的信”為副標題寫一封不少于500字的信，自主立意，自擬正標題。

4.（2010年浙江嘉興中考作文題）書信是我們交流思想、表達情感最常見的方式。《與朱元 2

思書》描繪了一幅充滿生機的大自然畫卷；《就英法聯軍火燒圓明園致巴特勒上尉的一封信》憤怒地譴責了侵略者的罪行；《傅雷家書》傳遞著動人的舐犢之情；《致女兒的一封信》則用充滿詩意的故事闡釋了生命的真諦??請你選擇一個渴望交流的對象，以寫信的方式追憶往事、傳遞情感、關注現實、暢想未來，展開心靈對話吧！

請以“寫給__________”為題，寫一篇文章。

要求：（1）請選擇下列五個詞語中的一個，填入標題橫線處，使之完整；

自己 班主任 溫總理 螞蟻 未來

（2）字數不少于600；

（3）文中不得出現真實的人名、地名、校名。

擬題：

1.面臨即將開始的高中生活，你一定充滿了向往。高中有各類各樣的學生團體，如學生會、球迷協會、文學社團等。請選一個你感興趣的社團，寫一則申請書。

2.或許在將來的某一天，當你推開教室門，看到的不再是嬉戲的好友，聊天或睡覺玩手機的那些兄弟姐妹，那些你喜歡或者討厭的老師們，而是一間空曠的，毫無生機的放滿桌椅卻落滿塵埃的教室。桌子還在原位，黑板上還有一道未來得及算出的數學題，還有那已經是零的大大的倒計時，窗簾還是熟悉的顏色，可是那些記憶里永遠不會忘記的身影，已經消失不見了??

即將告別學習生活了三年的學校，回首往事，你對學校的一草一木，一桌一椅是否充滿感情？學校的老師、同學是否有讓你傾訴的愿望？是否想給初

一、初二的學弟學妹提一些建議？請寫一封信給他（她或它），表達你的情感。

第二篇：山東省寧津縣育新中學七年級英語下冊 Module4-6達標練習三

Module4-6達標練習三

一單項選擇。

()1.—________ meat do we need to buy?

—Three ________.A.How much;kiloB.How many;kilo

C.How much;kilosD.How many;kilos

()2.This blue down coat(羽絨服)looks nice.I want to ________.A.try up itB.try on itC.try it upD.try it on

()3.—________?

—I’d like to buy some chicken.A.How about going to the cinemaB.What are you doing now

C.What will you do at homeD.What can I do for you()4.—_______ is the building?

—About fifty metres.A.How long B.How muchC.How old D.How high

()5.—What is that _______ the street?

—I think that’s a clothes shop.A.in the end B.in the end of

C.at the end D.at the end of()6.—Thank you for helping me.—_______A.See you.B.Have a nice day.C.You are welcome.D.That’s very kind of you.二．詞匯運用

A.根據句意及漢語提示完成句子。每空限填一詞。

31.My favourite fruit is the ________(檸檬).32.Do you know the ________(價錢)of the strawberry?

33.We will ________(比較)these two reports(報告)carefully.34.My mother enjoys going to the ________(市場).35.You can see flowers ________(在任何地方)in the city.B.用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。36.How many ________(church)are there in your city?

37.Mount Heng is ________(low)than Mount Hua.38.I think Green City is bigger and ________(busy)than Sun City.39.Can I ask you some ________(question)?40.There are no ________(island)near the hill.

第三篇：山東省寧津縣育新中學七年級英語下冊 Module4-6達標練習四

Module4-6達標練習四

一單項選擇(10分)

從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇一個能填入句中空白處的最佳答案。

()1.—Is there _______ bookshop near here?

—Yes.This is Xinghua Jie.Go along _______ street and turn left.You can see it then.A.a;a B.a;theC.the;a D.the;the

()2.—Could you tell me _______ to get to Bright Bank?

—Take the second turning on the right.It’s near there.A.whatB.whenC.how D.why()3.The moon is now _______ the trees in the east.A.onB.inC.under D.above

()4.Why not _______ a taxi to the zoo? It can save us a lot of time.A.taking B.to takeC.takesD.take()5.You can _______ the bus at Xinhua Stop.Your destination(目的地)is not far from it.A.get on B.get toC.get offD.get up()6.From the tower, you can see _______ of London _______ a nice day.A.most;in B.many;inC.most;onD.many;on()7._______ you walk along the street, the ice cream shop will be on your right.A.Before B.AsC.After D.Because二根據首字母及漢語提示完成句子。每空限填一詞。31.I often start doing my homework at 8:00 pm and f________(結束)it at 10:00 pm.32.C________(穿過)the street and you can see a tall building.33.My father takes the u________(地鐵)to work every day.34.You can enjoy many beautiful p________(油畫)in the gallery(美術館).35.The r________(鐵路)station is not far from the museum.

第四篇：2018年山東省臨沂市中考英語模擬預測新題型一：詞形轉換和動詞應用

臨沂市初三英語

每日一練

（一）五、詞形轉換

61.December is the____（twelve）month of a year.62.We are going to make a model plane by_____（we）

63.The exam is very important to us，so we must take it____(serious）64.When we walk _____（cross）the road，we should follow the traffic rules.65.He is the_____（fun）person that I have met.66.Do you have anything _____（value）in your leg.67.Edison had more than one thousand _______（invent）during his lifetime.68.My neighbour Helen never talks to us.She is so______（friendly）.六、動詞應用

“I’m go 69____(shop)in the village, ”George’s mother said to George on Saturday morning.“So be a good boy and don’t get into trouble.And don’t forget 70_______(take)good care of Grandma.”Then out she went.Grandma71._______（sleep）in the chair by the window when she opened one little eye and 72_____(say), “Now you heard what your mother said, George.” “Yes, Grandma,” George said.George was bored to tears.He didn’t have a brother or a sister.His father was a farmer, and the farm they lived on was miles away from anywhere, So there were never any children to play with.He was tired of staring at hundreds of pigs , hens, cows and sheep.He was especially tired of having to live in the house with his grandma.73.______（look）after her all by himself was hardly the most exciting way to spend a Saturday morning.“Go and make me a cup of tea for a start, with sugar and milk.” Grandma said.Most grandmothers are lovely , kind, helpful old ladies, but not this one.George’s grandma was a woman who was always complaining about something or other.She spent all day74____（sit）on her chair by the window.George was told that Grandma used to be a gentle lady, but as she grew older, she was not able to look after herself and even worse, she was easy to get angry.“We should be nice to the old, George,” His mother always told him.75______（think）of this, George went into the kitchen and made Grandma a cup of tea with a teabag.He put one spoon of sugar and some milk in it.He stirred the tea well and carried it into the living room carefully.

（二）五、詞形轉換

61.Bill wants to invite some friends to his______（nine）birthday party.62.She was so tired that she fell ______（sleep）in class 63.He lost his money and_____（luck）his friends helped him find it.64.What a_____（sun）day！

65.It’s______（danger）to play with animals.66.Linda and his friends enjoy_____（they）on the Great Wall yesterday.67.Xijin Ferry is one of new_______（couple）favourite places to take their wedding photos.68.Nancy wants to become a______（translate）when she grows up.六、動詞運用

“We're going to move,” Jimmy said to Mr.James her teacher, with tears(眼淚)in her eyes.“Dad _______69.(lose)his job and now we don't have enough money to live in our house.” Pam ______70.(live)by and just heard Jimmy's talk with Mr.James.In the lunchroom Pam _____71.(meet)Carol and said, “I've got something to tell you about Jimmy.” As she started to tell Carol about Jimmy's dad, several other classmates stopped to listen Pam felt bad telling what she had heard but she went on anyway.After school, Pam saw some of her classmate______72(talk)to Jimmy.“Where does your dad work?” one of the boys asked.Jimmy's face turned red.She left without _____73（answer）.Pam felt terrible, because she didn't mean to hurt Jimmy.And she hadn't thought that some of the classmates would make jokes and ______74.(laugh)at Jimmy about her father's losing the job.Pom didn't know what she could do ____75(help)Jimmy.（三）五．詞形轉換

61.The little girl looked at_________（she）in the mirror and smiled.62.Please save your food.There are many______(child)in hunger in the world,you know.63.Monday is the______(two)day of the week.64.Sandy came first in the race。She ran the _____(fast)of all.65.Talk about the film or song with your friends,and guess the_______（mean）of the new words.66.Lily writes as____（careful）as Lucy does.67.I live near the station.It’s only about five______（minute）walk.68.David is good at drawing and he’s going to be an______（art）when he grows up.六．語法填空

In the world ,soccer of football is the most popular sport.This is because many countries have wonderful teams for the World Cup.The World Cup 69._____（hold）every four years.To remember 2002 FIFA World Cup ,children from different countries and more than 60 children from Japanese schools came together and spent three weekends 70__________（draw）a big picture71 _____（call）“Dream(夢幻)World Cups ”in Japan.The children were drawing animals, flowers and people 72_______（play）soccer under a bule bright sky.They wished each football team good luck by 73_____（draw）the flags(旗幟)of all the countries that will take part in the World Cup in Japan and South Korea.The picture 74_____（put）up in a park near a playground in Yokohama.Some football teams will have games there.Are you a football fan(迷)?The World Cup makes more and more people interested in football Teenagers(青少年)like playing and watching football.Many of them love some football stars so much that they get the pictures of their favourite players on the walls of their rooms.That is the way 75_______（show）their love for the World Cup as children in Japan.（四）

五、詞形轉換

61.How I wish I had a pair of_______（wing）so that I could fly in the sky.62.Lots of people in this town became ______（home）after the earthquake.63.It will provide you with plenty of energy for life_____（active）.64.It’s not as_____（easier）as you think.65.Who was the_____（win）of the English speaking contest last week.66.On ______（father）Day，I often prepare a special gift for my father.67.Our beautiful classroom ______（clean）every day.68.His illness is even_____（bad）than I thought it would be.六、動詞運用

Mr Smith 69._____(leave)his car outside his house one night as usual.But when he came out the next morning，he found his car70 ______（be not）there.He called the police to tell them about it，and they71 ____（say）they would try72 _____(find)it.When Mr Smith came home from his office that evening，the car was back again in its usual place in front of his house.He looked it over carefully and 73_____（find）it OK.But there were two tickets on one of the seats with a letter.It said，“We're sorry we used your car.Thank you very much.The tickets are for you.We hope you74_____(enjoy)yourselves.”

The Smiths went to the cinema with the tickets at night.When they got home，they found nearly everything in the house75 _____(go).

第五篇：中考數學 一元一次方程和應用復習教案 新人教版

一元一次方程的應用

教學分析

重點：尋找和、差、倍、分問題的量與量之間的相等關系，列出一元一次方程。難點：尋找和、差、倍、分問題的相等關系。突破：從已知量和未知量之間的關系中找到相等關系。教學過程

一、復習

1、什么是等式？什么叫方程？一元一次方程的標準形式是什么？

2、什么是代數式？

3、列代數式：

（1）x的0.15，（2）比x多0.15，（3）比x的2倍小1。

二、新授

1、導課

在這一單元，我們將進一步學習設未知數列出方程來解應用題，我們將逐漸體會到，用代數方法解應用題，要比算術方法在列式上容易得多，而且可以解出用算術方法不易解出的或無法解出的實際問題。例1（課本P212）

某面粉倉庫存放的面粉運出15%后，還剩下42500千克，這個倉庫原來有多少面粉？ 分析：已知運出面粉為原來面粉的15%，剩余面粉42500千克，未知原來有面粉重量與運出面粉重量。相等關系是：

原來有面粉重量運出面粉重量＝剩余面粉重量

設原來有面粉x千克，則運出面粉重量為15%x千克，這樣左右兩邊都列出了代數式，放入相等關系中，即可得出方程：

x－15%x＝42500 完成求解過程，作出答案，強調4個注意點。解：略

三、練習P216習題：1，2。

四、小結

1、列方程解應用題應分析題中的數量關系，找出一個相等關系。

2、列方程解應用題比算術方法在列式上容易得多。

五、作業

1、P221 4.4A：1，2，3，4，5。

2、基礎訓練：同步練習1。