第一篇：2018考研英語圖畫作文寫作思路

2018考研英語圖畫作文寫作思路(原創)來源：智閱網

考研英語寫作一直是困擾我們的一個難題，今天我們通過分析近幾年的考研英語寫作真題，總結了圖畫作文寫作的四大步驟，來幫助考生們開拓思路，提高我們的應試能力和寫作能力。

相信考生們都了解考研英語一大作文主要考察圖畫類作文。下面我們總結的圖畫作文四大寫作步驟，一起來學習一下。第一、審題

審題這一步驟是很重要的，只有弄清題目的要求，才知道該如何寫作，梳理思路。從2007年之后，題干的要求基本不變，主要是1.describe the drawing briefly;2.interpret its intended meaning;3.give your comments這三大要求，然后我們根據題目的要求來梳理寫作思路。一般分為三大段落，第一段描述圖畫；第二段闡釋寓意；第三段發表個人觀點評論。第二、第一段寫作

既然考察的是圖畫作文，我們的第一段就要來描述畫面，首先我們要觀察清楚，是一幅圖，還是兩幅圖。如果是兩幅圖，是寓意相近的兩幅圖，還是寓意相反的兩幅圖。注意要仔細觀察，善于思考，注意細節性的東西。無論是哪一種情況，我們都要寫四句話。一幅圖：

1、直觀評價

2、整體描寫

3、細節描寫

4、過渡句。二幅圖：

1、直觀評價

2、第一幅圖描述

3、第二幅圖描述

4、過渡句。第三、第二段寫作 要明確第二段的寫作內容，我們就要分清題目所考察的話題的類型，一般情況下，考研英語大作文考察的話題類型主要分為：社會問題類話題、社會現象類話題和抽象品質類話題。我們要根據這三類各自的特點，來確定寫作的方向和內容。社會問題類話題完全是負面的話題，我們在第二段就要闡述產生這個社會問題的原因；社會現象類話題是分為有利有弊兩個方面的，我們就要在第二段寫此現象的利弊方面；抽象品質類話題則是完全正面的話題，那我們在第二段就要寫這一品質的影響力和作用。第四、最后一段的內容

寫作向來講究畫龍點睛，我們最后一段的闡釋，就到了點睛的時刻啦。最后一段寫作的主要內容也是由所屬話題決定的。社會問題類話題最后主要寫我們要采取措施解決這個問題。社會現象類話題，寫作的方向是：取其精華去其糟粕。抽象品質類話題，則需繼續發揚這種品質。

我們講解的圖畫作文的寫作步驟，是相互承接，密不可分的。只要考生們認真學習我們講解的步驟，相信拿下考研大作文不在話下，不過很多考生詞匯量積累不夠，思路匱乏，缺乏知識的積累，沒有寫作的資源。我們只注重自己的積累，是不夠的，我們不妨借鑒一下譚劍波編寫的2018《考研英語

（二）寫作高分必備》這本書，吸取其中總結的材料和資源，拓展我們的思路，提高我們的寫作能力。寫作能力的提高不是一蹴而就的，考生們要注重日常的積累，腳踏實地的去學習努力，最后，預祝每一位考生都能取得好成績

第二篇：英語圖畫類寫作

圖畫類寫作模板：

1.開頭

Look at this picture./The picture shows that.../From this picture, we can see.../As is shown in the picture.../As is seen in the picture...2.銜接句

As we all know,.../As is known to all,.../It is well known that.../In my opinion,.../As far as I am concerned,.../This sight reminds me of something in my daily life.3.結尾句

In conclusion.../In brief.../On the whole.../In short.../In a word.../Generally speaking.../As has been stated...

第三篇：2016考研英語求職信及寫作思路

2016考研英語求職信范文及寫作思路

2016考研英語復習已經進入倒計時，在不到兩個月的復習時間里，作文復習無疑是近階段的重點。書信作為應用文的?？碱愋透俏覀儚土暤闹攸c，在考研英語書信各種備考類型中，迄今為止求職信還沒有考過。鑒于此，文都考研高端輔導中心的老師特別為2016考研學員編寫此文，希望大家通過本文可以掌握求職信(Letter of Application for a Job)的寫作方法及常用表達。

1.求職信模擬題及范文

題目：Directions:

You have seen a job of assistant manager advertised in a newspaper.Write a letter to the personnel manager to:

1)apply for the post, and

2)outline your experiences and qualifications.Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter.Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address.范文：

Dear Sir or Madam，I am writing in response to the advertisement you placed in the China Daily of June 8, for an assistant manager in your company.Both my educational background and work experience closely parallel your requirement.I graduated with a Bachelor’s Degree in Human Resource with honors in July, 2013.I am convinced that the relevant knowledge acquired in university will lay a solid foundation for my future career.Another point I want to draw your attention to is that I have taken an active part in a wide range of campus activates.In the due process, my team spirit has been enhanced and my interpersonal skills improved.Enclosed with the letter is my resume which further details my qualification and experience.If you could grant me an interview, I will be highly grateful.I can be reached at the 54545454.Thank you for your consideration and looking forward to your favorable reply.Yours sincerely，Li Ming

2.求職信寫作思路

①求職意圖+信息來源

②教育背景+工作經驗+性格特點+求職動機

③聯系方式+期望(面試機會、盡快回信)+感謝

3.常用詞匯句型點撥

①引言

(1)I am writing in response to your advertisement in …

(2)I would like to apply for the position of … you advertised in…

(3)Further to your advertisement in… for…, I would very much like to be considered for this vacancy.(4)I read with great interest your advertisement in… and would like to take up the challenge as… in your company.(5)I am interested in the post…X suggested that I should write to you.Enclosed you will find(a copy of my resume).② 發展

(1)I graduated from… with a …degree in…

(2)I have been working in… since my graduation and have therefore attained a fair knowledge and experience in this field.(3)I am a rational and diligent young man with good interpersonal skills.(4)I am used to working under pressure and also

(5)I am experienced in…, which I believe qualifies me for the position of …

③ 結尾

(1)I hope you would consider my application favorably and grant me an interview.(2)I do hope that after reviewing my enclosed resume you will kindly give me an interview.(3)I have enclosed my resume that outlines in detail my qualifications and experiences.(4)I should be glad to have a personal interview and can furnish references if desired.(5)You favorable consideration of my application will be highly appreciated.4.求職信變體

①求學信求學信申請獎學金(考研中尚未考過)

求職信與求學信大同小異，不似求職信看中工作能力，求學信在主體段落寫作時更強調教育背景和學習能力。

②招聘通知(英語一10年考過;英語二15年考過)

招聘信中對于招聘者提出的要求其實就是求職信中求職者的資質。所謂學而不思則罔，在學習過程中要學會舉一反三，從各類型書信中找到共性與規律，提高學習效率，事半功倍。最后文都教育預祝大家復習順利!

第四篇：英語作文寫作思路(牛)

花了不少的力氣,終于將考試作文的基本思路及一些方法,注意事項總結了出來.考試作文做為一種語言技能測試.主要考的是考生的行文能力，只要作文內容符合主旨,邏輯合理,語法順暢,語言得體,并適當的體現語言技能.相信一定可以拿到不錯的成績.全文節選,摘抄,總結自劉春偉老師主編的<英語應試作文寫作捷徑>一書.總結出來僅供有需要提高英語寫作水平的志同道合人士共同學習,交流,提高.請尊重版權.通過幾天的總結,個人認為以下知識要點很到位,而且比較詳細,經常翻閱參考,必有裨益!至于書信,便條等應用文部分，待再做總結.壹.寫作的基本要求 應試作文“結構模式化”已經成為一條核心策略.一般考試作文形式不外乎: 議論文,(提綱式,圖表式),應用文(信件與便條),說明文和記敘文 英語的直線性(Linear)思維方式使英文文章通常都是開門見山,英語語篇一般按照直線展開,通常包括四個部分: 導入,主題,支撐,結論.也就是說,首先陳訴主題或中心思想,然后按照一條直線展開,分點說明中心思想,而且每 個段落都會有一個主題句，主題句通常位于句首,使讀者一目了然,整個語篇是一個完整的統一體.語言流暢 所謂統一性是指全篇的各個段落都是為一個中心思想服務,而且每個段落都會圍繞一個主題句來展開,如果有游離于中心思想 之外的句子就會使文章零散雜亂.中心突出是因為開頭第一句話就提出了主題句(controlling idea).造成段落結構松散的原 因是句子的結構雜亂，要整理句子的結構,把某些句子變成修飾或限定形式,緊縮句子結構.為使段落中心突出,中心句必須能 高度概括所在段落的論據.中心句的概括性和具體性是段落和文章發展的基石.思維直線性--統一性--完整性--連貫性(意義連貫,形式連貫), 連貫性要使用一些過渡性的詞語: 表層進: first/firstly to begin with/second/secondly to start with/third/thirdly what's more/also and then/and equally important/besides in addition/further in the first place/still furthermore/last but not the least/finally 表列舉: for example/for instance/to illustrate as an illustration/after all/as a matter of fact/frankly speaking/in this case namely/in other word 表總結: in summary/in a word/in brief/in conclusion/to conclude/in fact/in short/in other word/of course it is ture specaily/thus as has been said/altogether in other word/finally in simpler terms/in particul-ar/that is/on the whole/therefore 表強調: of course/indeed/above all/most important/emphasis/certainly/in fact 表讓步: still/nevertheless/in spite of/all the same/even so/after all/concession/naturally 表比較: in comparision with/likewise/similarly equally/however likewise/in

the

same

way/by

contrast

表轉折:

although/but/in contrast/nevertheless/on the contrary/on the other hand/otherwise/regardless/ yet/despite/even so/even though/for all that/however/in spite of/instead 表時間: after a while/afterward/as long as/at last/at length/at that time/before/earlier/eventually/ finally/formerly/further/furthermore/in addition/in the first

place/in

the

past/last/lately/meanwhile/ moreover/next/now/presently/second/shortly/simultaneously/since/so far/soon/subsequently/then/thereafter until now/when 貳 議論文 議論文的目的在于闡述道理，說服他人,使人相信某種道理或假設,它是所有應試作文中最常見文體.議論文通常有兩種推論方 法,即歸納法和演繹法.但要在應試作文比較短的篇幅中取得良好的效果,通常會遵從以下思路:引言段,正文主題段,結論概述.引言段(introduction), 為了引起讀者的好奇和興趣,引言段通常會有以下內容: 1,關于主題的一些背景知識 2,提及主題 3,表明中心句(thesis statement)正文(body),正文是一篇文章的主要部分,本部分要討論,回答在引言段提出的問題,而且語言的組織要自然,有邏輯.主體部分 要有幾個自然段,每個段落都要有自己的主題句,最好能在段首提出.結論/結尾段(concluding paragraph),結尾部分要言簡意賅,與主題密切相關,要總結觀點或提出希望,并給讀者留下深印象.文章中如果缺少了這三大部分中的任何一部分，都會使人感到結構殘缺.對于一篇150-200字的文章,要在短短的篇幅中把問題 說明清楚,應該遵循下面這個黃金比例:開頭結尾各15%,中間的正文主題要在70%左右.才能組織出一篇結構合理的文章.應試議論文的形式雖然多變.其實都是在考察兩種能力: 1,Can you express and support your opinion? 2,Can you choose and defend a point of view? 而且以上兩種能力的考察歸根結底是以 提綱式作文和圖表(畫)式作文 來體現的.1、提綱式作文 Direction: A: Title : Fast Food B: Word Limit : about 200 words C: Your composition should be based on the outline given in Chinese below

1、在節奏迅速的當今時代，快餐受到了人們的青睞

2、快餐受歡迎的原因，營養方面比較差

3、對快餐的態度應該是少吃為佳 提綱式作文是一種控制性作文，寫作者要根據題目和提綱，確定文章的中心思想，然后緊緊圍繞中心思想展開討論，表達提 綱的主旨。但要注意，提綱只是文章中必須包括進去的內容要點，只是為文章提供一個支撐的骨架，不能拘泥，硬搬。提綱式議論文的內容可以劃分為以下幾個大框： ①原因式 ： 作文要求考生對一類社會問題或現象的原因進行分析解釋。例如 My view on fake commodities

1、目前社會上有不少假冒偽劣商品，為什么會有這種現象。

2、舉例說明假冒偽劣商品對消費者個人，社會等的危害。雖然題目的要求多變，但通常可以采用以下的模式來解決： 第一段：引入話題（引出文章要進行解釋的某種現象或問題），表明作者對此問題的看法和態度。第二段：過渡性語言，概括全段主題，支持自己的觀點的有力證據或理由（各個理由或論據之間加上合適的過渡 性語言）。第三段：結論 因此，原因式提綱式作文的寫作思路具體規范一下，可以遵循以下格式： paragraph 1 thesis statement: A phenomenon or problem in society and my view/attitude on it paragraph 2 reasons : transitional expression + reason 1 transitional expression + reason 2 …… paragraph 3 conclusion, to restate the thesis ②分析解決式 ：所謂分析解決式是指針對某一社會現象找出其解決辦法。此類似與原因式，但不同的是，分析解決式不僅要 分析事件或現象的原因外，還要有相應的解決方法。這類題目，通常會采用以下的模式來解決： 第一段：引入話題，（引出文章要進行解釋的某種現象或問題），表明作者的態度或看法。第二段：過渡性語言+分析造成這種現象或問題的原因（幾個原因）第三段：過渡性語言+就上述問題的起因逐個給出對應的解決辦法或建議。第四段：總結+發出倡議或號召或展望未來。因此，可以將分析解決式作文的格式歸納如下： paragraph 1 thesis statement:A phenomenon or problem in society/my attitude on this issue paragraph 2 reasons: transitional expression + reason1 transitional expression + reason2 ……… paragraph 3 solution/advice: transitional expression + solution/advice 1 transitonal expression + solution/advice 2 …… paragraph 4 conclusion: to restate the thesis ③對比/比較式 ：此類作文要求考生比較兩個事物或觀點的優缺點,并且要有自己的觀點,有自己的傾向.多數情況下，對贊成 的事物要多寫優點,對于反對的事物,優點少寫，多談缺點,這樣在結論的時候才能達到另人信服的效果.此類通常有以下的語言模式出現: Which idea do you agree with?/Do you agree or disagree with the statement./ which kind of…do you prefer?/Which do you think is better?/Then which one do you agree with and why?/ Write a short essay in which you discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each… 寫作此類作文為了能使文章脈絡清晰，使閱卷者能夠迅速的找到文章的行文思路，通常采用下面的交替式格式： 第一段：引入話題（引出對該問題的不同看法），承認不同看法各自有各自的理由。第二段：過渡性語言+陳訴一方的觀點或優點。第三段：過渡性語言+陳訴另一方的觀點或缺點。第四段：結論表明自己的立場是支持一方的。sth's advantage far outweighs its disadvantages Direction: For this part you are going to write an essay on the topic of City Life and Suburban Life.You should write about 200 words and base your composition on the outline below.1、最近幾年愈來愈多的居民選擇在郊區生活。

2、城市生活和郊區生活各有各的特點。

3、我的觀點…… 此類作文的寫作方式非常豐富，基本可以分為： A，交替式優點比較法（一個段落寫A的優點，另一個段落寫B的優點）B，交替式缺點比較法（一個段落寫A的缺點，另一個段落寫B的缺點）C，板塊式優缺點比較法（既在一個段落的空間里，談到A的優點的同時談一下B的缺點，或談到A的優點后再談A的缺點，反正 此比較法形式多樣，只要可以起到另人滿意的比較效果，都可?。?。④駁斥式 ： 主要針對一些社會上比較流行而又存在謬誤的做法或看法來進行批判的一種命題模式。這種命題方式的對應思 路既類似于比較式，又類似于原因式，其格式不外乎下面的模式： 第一段：引出社會中存在的一種謬誤現象或看法，并提出自己的立場 第二段：過渡性語言+實例例證該現象或看法的謬誤所在 第三段：重申自己的觀點 Direction: Scientific discovery has brought about many negative effects to our life at the same time of promoting our life.Some people think that the development of science has disastrous side effects so that we shou-ld not live in modern society.What's your point of view? 可以將駁斥型英文的寫作格式歸納如下: paragraph 1 thesis statement: A wrong belief or problem in society and my criticism toward this view.paragraph 2 disputing process: transitional express + evidence 1 transitional express + evidence 2 …… paragraph 3 conclusion:to restate the thesis and my point of view 以上為提綱式議論文的一些總結。

3、圖表（畫）議論文 圖表(畫)式作文和提綱作文一樣,都是根據題目所提供的已知信息進行寫作,不同之處在于,其限定性要求是以圖表或者圖畫的 形式來間接規定的.對于這種命題形式的作文,首先要對圖表或圖畫作出認真分析,弄清圖表(畫)所含有的信息以及不同信息之 間的關系,抓住其表現趨勢.由于這種作文形式的信息載體不是文字而是圖表,所以需要注意以下幾點: 第一、不能遺漏圖表（畫）中的信息，否則不能全面體現命題的寫作要求，容易跑題或不切題。第二、在圖表（畫）中，特別是圖表似作文中會有大量的數據，應該體現一定的數據，靠事實來說話，以數據來支持。第三、結尾處應該對圖表（畫）所表現的趨勢加以預測。此類命題最廣泛接受的模式如下： 第一段：描述圖表（畫），概括圖表（畫）所表現的社會問題。如果是圖表式作文，在本段中不要出現具體的數 據來說明情況，否則開頭缺乏概括性，而圖畫式作文則要求文字稍微詳細一些，但篇幅不可超過全文的1/3。第二段：在圖表式作文中，用圖表數據來論證第一段的主題，或者分析各個數據產生的原因，在圖畫式作文中，揭示圖畫的主旨。第三段：在圖表式中分析預測走勢，在圖畫式中發表議論或提出建議。可以把這種類型文章的格式歸納如下： paragraph 1 : thesis statement: A phenomenon or problem ravealed by the diagram paragraph 2 : analysis of the diagram: transitional express + analysis 1 transitional express + analysis 2 paragraph 3 : solution/suggestion/expectation 圖表（畫）作文會有一些自己的語言

1、圖形種類 泛指圖表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table 餅圖：pie chart

2、圖標/數值 直方圖或拄形圖：bar chart/histogram 圖解：scheme 繪制：plot 趨勢曲線圖：line chart/curve diagram 簡圖：sketch 插圖：plate 表格圖：table 區域：section 流程圖或過程圖：flow chart/sequence diagram 圖標：block 程序圖：processing/procedures diagram 箭頭：arrow 草圖：draft 圈：circle 圖畫：picture/depiction 陰影區：shaded area 漫畫：cartoon 垂直線：vertical stroke 肖像：image 星號：asterisk 連環畫： comic 調查結果：protocol

3、開頭段常用語言：在圖表式作文第一段，我們通常要概括圖表的內容，并揭示其中的含義，要用到以下語言： The table/chart diagram/graph

shows

(that)…

show,describe,illustrate,can

be

seen The from,reveal,represent,indicate,depict

figure/statistic/number/percentage/proportion scheme/sketch/block shows that… The arrow/circle/shaded area represents… The table is a protocol of the experiment… According to the table/chart diagram/graph, As is shown in the table/chart diagram/graph, As can be seen from the table … As we can spot from in the chart… It can be seen from the figures/statistics, we can see from the figures/statistics, It is clear from the figures/statistics, It is apparent from the figures/statistics，4、數據變化：在描述圖表式作文的內容時，會遇到一些表示“變化”的詞，可以增強文章的語言表達色彩 固定不變：fixed in time 波動：fluctuate/rebound/undulate/wave 轉變：change over time 穩定：remain stable/stabilize/level off 增加：increase/raise/rise/go up/soar/shoot up 最高點：peaked/reached a peak/high point 減少：decrease/grow down/drop/fall/decline/reduce/slump 最低點：bottomed out/reached the bottom 形容詞／副詞：about/almost/approximately/dramatic/dramatically/exactly/gradual/gradually/just over/nearly over/precisely/sharp/significant/significantly/slight/slow/stable/stably/steady/steadily/steep/steeply/ sudden/suddenly/rapid/rapidly

5、比較級或倍數，比例關系 as many as/the largest group/almost half of/ranks first/by far show the ration of/to:呈……比例 similar to double the number of be in a direct ration to/with:呈正比 different from be in a inverse ration to/with:呈反比 more than compare with twice as many as on the contrary/in contrast to three times as many as the same as half the amount of 對于一篇一二百字的文章中，各個部分應該％遵循下面這個黃金比例，即開頭和結尾各占１５％左右，中間的主題正文要 ７０％左右。這樣才能組織出一篇結構合理的好文章。當然對于不同的情況有時候需要具體情況具體分析

二、開頭的寫法（開頭指出文章主題，并為主題的發展做鋪墊）１、現象法：指在文章的開頭就指出某種社會現象。并對此提出自己的看法 常用詞匯： 事件：issue/problem/question 熱門，棘手：hot/heated/urgent/burning/pressing/pervasive/rampant 爭論：debate/controversy/argument/dispute 一致，同意：consensus 引起注意：in the limelight/brought into attention/focus/concern 帶來問題：impose/cause 出現問題：loom up/crop up 面臨問題：confront/encounter/face question 使惡化：worsen/deteriorate 緊急的：acute 討厭：undesirable 困擾：be plagued/embarrassed/upset by 廣泛的：pervasive/rampant/prevalent 見證：witness 存在：under way 驚人的：alarming 套用句型： with the rapid /amazing development of… according to recent survey/poll/study,there have occurred… there is a heated/focused debate at present about the issue of … all reliable evidence justifies the fact/view that…is a rampant issue in today's society recently/nowadays/at present,the phenomenon of …has loomed up wide public concern the alarm about the issue of … has caused considerable/general attention the question of … has been in the limelight/brought into focus nowadays, our society is witnessing more and more… all available evidence points to the fact that…

2、觀點法，開頭就提出社會上人們的看法和觀點，從而引出自己的主題和論據 常用詞匯： 觀點：idea/opinion/belief/attitude/illusion 涌現：spring up 認識：recognize/be aware of/be conscious of 構成威脅:pose threat on 認為：regard/view 挑戰:challenge 影響思維：shape our mind 明顯的:marked/obvious/conspicuous/visible 承認：ackownledgement/recognition/admission 威脅,危險:stake 熱衷：preoccupation/enthusiasm 抱怨:groan/complain 前景：prospect 破除觀點:explode the belief 根深蒂固的觀點：deep-seated idea 假想:premise/assumption 困擾：be obsessed with 毋庸質疑:undisputed 正確的：justified 傳統觀點: orthodoxy 套用句型： Now people in significant/growing numbers are aware of the idea that… Now people in significant/growing numbers are coming to recognize that… Researchers/scientists have established the concept that… It's well known/believed/agreed that… Various views exist as to the problem/phenomenon of… One of the hottest/most popular/serious issues many people talk/complain about nowadays is… People's views are divergent on the question of… when asked about…the overwhelmingly majority of people will…

3、正反對比論證法，開頭首先引起人們對要討論的問題的不同看法和觀點，然后提出作者對此問題的態度。正反論證法與 觀點法有一定相似，不同是，正反論證法多用于有爭議的主題，而觀點法只是在開頭提出一種見解或觀點。常用詞匯： 反對：object/against 假想：assumption 認為：maintain/accept/hold/conceive 適度的，適量的：moderate 爭議：controversy 懷疑的：skeptic 招致反對：provoke criticism 不滿：beef/lament/fuss/grumble 不可避免的：inevitable 可行性：feasibility 歪曲事實：distort 套用句型： There is much discussion nowadays as to the problem of… Those who object to… argue that… But those who advocate… on the other hand,argue that… There is no agreement among people as to the issue of … Some people say that… Others say that… As to me,(I am on the first side of the argument.The following examples can prove my standpoint.)There is a public debate as to the issue of… When asked about… the vast majority of people say that… but others people view it as… When faced with… quite a few/most people claim/believe that… but other people regard… as There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of… Those who object to the idea argue that… But people who favor… argue that… There is a heated debate today about the problem of… …seems to provoke wide criticism in today's society There is growing skepticism toward…

4、數據法，增強文章的可信度和說服力 常用詞匯： 調查：poll/survey/research 高居榜首：at the top of the list 民意調查：poll/gallup 顯示：show/display/demonstrate/indicate 進行調查：conduct a survey/a survey undergone 穩定：remain stable/stabilize/level off… 數據：statistics/data 估計：estimation 從某角度：in terms of 套用句型： according to the survey/research/poll… the figure indicates that… A survey is undergone about… An astonishing number is disclosed during a national survey… Such statistics present an undisputable fact that…

5、問題法，在文章開頭提出一系列問題，引起讀者好奇，從而展開對問題或事件原因的討論。此法相對來說表達主題的能力 不是很明顯，有些問題的設計不合理或明知顧問，會導致首段中心不突出，主題句表達蒼白/ 套用句型： One of the basic/hot topic facing our society is:what… How do you think of the problem of…?In seeking answers to the questions,… In answer to these quentions,we must… Why is there a…(a growing drift toward…)in society?It is no easy task to identify the cause for it.6、名人名言法 常用詞匯： 諺語：proverb 深思：contemplate 俗語：old saying 哲學家：philosopher 座右銘：motto 警句：epigram 評說：remark 被驗證：be confirmed 聲言：statement 議論：comment 回應：echo 被否定：be shattered 套用句型： One of the great men once remarked that… Nowadays it still has a realistic/profound significance.One of the scientists once said that… Nowadays it is still working in our modern society.One great wirter had ever said that… Now more and more people share this belief.The remark is still confirmed by people in today's society./has been shared by generations.7、故事法 Last week, a classmate of mine… The story is not rare.It has drawn public attention to the problem of The story/case/incident is not rare/unique/unusual in our life.Such a story is well-acknowledged by people: …

8、定義法 定義：notion/definition 理念，概念：concept … , defined as …, is… by difinition we generally define …as… by the word“…”,we mean…

三、主題段落的寫作 段落與段落之間，以及段落的不同層次之間都應該有自然的過渡，以達到文章通順流暢的目的。

1、并列法（分類法），分類時常用：most of all/next/moreover/in addition/besides/furthermore/to begin with/ to start with/first of all/first/second/third/additionally/apart from 套用句型： Among the most important reasons offered by people for… ,one should be mentioned… A multitude of factors could contribute/account for the increase in … A number of factors could contribute to the success in … A multitude of factors could lead to the failure in … Another contibuting factor/contributory cause of … is … But … along is not the answer.Another best way to expain … is … at the first glance---moreover---the last but not the least What's more,…

2、比較對照法，用于比較優缺點或不同觀點的文章，經常伴有正反對比論證的開頭。在這種主題段落寫作中，分別列出某事 物或觀點的優點和缺點，通過這種比較對照得出某種結論。常用詞匯： 超過：outweigh 無與倫比：without rivals 明顯的優勢：distinct advantage 缺點：drawback/demerit 可取的：preferable 相反的：reverse 比較，對比： to weigh … and … 區別：distinction 抵消：offset/counterbalance 套用句型： By contrast,it is also important to note that … The advantages of A outweigh any benefit we gain from B.The advantages of B carry more weight than those of A.Good as A is,however, it has its own disadvantages.Although A has a distinct advantage over B, it cannot compete with B in … Although A enjoys considerable advantage of … it cannot compete with B in … In view of this situation,people put forward two countermoves to solve it.As to whether it is a blessing or a curse,however,people take different attitudes/stands.People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.every icon has two sides./every knife is double-edged./Fire is a good servant but a bad master.… itself is neither good nor bad and its value to people and society depends on how it is used.we should exploit its merits and shun/avoid its drawbacks.The advantage of having roommate always outweigh the disadvantages.Finally, the incomparable advantage is that… this kind of change is both positive and negative / It goes without saying that, … on the one hand,on the other hand those who welcome it maintain the view that,… at the same time of benefiting our life,computer is also bringing about its side effect.some people hold that … other people,on the contrary, advocate… In fact,neither of them is absolutely reasonable.3、因果法，通過分析幾個構成事件發生的原因，來解釋某個結果的形成。歸因于： attribute to / ascribe to / owe to 導致：lead to/result in/give rise to/entail/cause 套用句型： There are also factual reasons for disagreeing with the belief.The reason for… are complex, but one factor is consideration everywhere.The reason for..Is varied.And maybe they lie in the fact that… The causes/reasons for…are complicated/profound.And perharps they are found in the fact that…/And the first reason may be… one may attribute the increase to… why are…? For one thing…another is…perharps the primary reason is… The success/failure/decline stems/derives/results from the factors as fellows.One lies in…another is found in … still another consists in… there is another reason why I cast my preference for… …is mainly responsible for… we may look into every possible reason except the real one.The leading/underlying/root cause/for … is… these factors,coupled with the factor of … ,lead to… this is a marked situation,but reasons for it are not hard to find.4、例證法，通過列舉某些事實來證明某種觀點的正確性。例證法往往是和其他段落手法結合使用舉例說明。常用詞匯： 舉例：illustrate/illustration 引用：cite/quote an example 事例：to cite an example 適用的例子：a case in point 例如：for example/for instance 證據：evidence/proof 不容質疑：it goes without saying/undeniable 表明：unfold/expose/index/reveal/exhibit 套用句型： we may cite/quote a single/common example of … we may mention another example of … The following examples can prove my standpoint.I can think of no better illustration of this idea than the fact that … There is now evidence that … the most striking instance… / the list of such examples is numberous.The above instances drive us to a natural conclusion that … to illustrate/As another instance/If one more example is needed, I could mention…/Given the examples I just outlined,I can only say that…

5、批駁法，此類主題段的寫作往往是跟在觀點式或正反對比論證式的開頭后面。首先提出某種在社會上比較流行的說法，然 后對此觀點進行批駁，并用充分的事實理由作為論據。揭示：reveal/disclose/unfold/expose/indicate 有道理：a grain of truth/hold water 無價值的：flimsy 決不：on no account/in no case/under no circumstance 無根據的：groundless 深思：on a second thought 無保證的：unwarrantd 表明觀點：air/voice one's view 荒謬的：fallacious/ridiculous/absurd 排除可能：rule out the possibility 言論：assertion/statement 主張：assert 套用句型： A careful examination of these arguments would reveal how groundless they are.On the surface, it may seem a sound solution,but carefully weighing on the mind,we find that… At first thought,it may seem an attractive idea,but on closer analysis,we find that… The main problem with this argument is that it is ignorant of the basic fact that… The obvious drawback in this view is that it is blind to the fact that… what they fail to understand/consider/mention is that… But I don't think this view will hold water.It's undeniable that… There is a long-running controversy as to whether… As far as I am concerned,I don't find any echo of this idea in my heart.On the contrary,it's totally a nonsence on a second thought.In a word,the issue is not complicated and controversial.There is much debate upon the issue of … We can safely conclude that …

四、結尾的寫法 點睛之筆。評卷人的精力更多投向文章開頭，每段的過渡和文章的結尾。

1、總結法，最常見的結尾方式，是指根據全文內容，得到一個總結性的言論來結束文章。常用詞匯： 得到結論：draw/come to/arrive at a conclusion 總之：all in all/in a word/to sum up/in general 證明觀點：justify/confirm/warrant the view 不容質疑：indisputable/striking 套用句型： From what has been discussed above,we may safely draw the conclusion that… Taking into account all these factors, we may arrive at the conclusion that… All the evidence/analysis

supports/justified/confirms/warrants

a/an

unmistakable/unshakable view/sound idea/fair conclusion that… All the available/reliable evidence goes to show that.../ points to the fact that… In view of the above-mentioned facts,we should undoubted come to the conclusion that … to sum up,… /to conclude,…

2、呼吁法，所謂呼吁法是指在文章結尾處論及與讀者的切身利益相關的論點，然后提出倡議呼吁人們作出努力來參與行動。常用詞匯： 解決問題：tackle/handle/take up the question 困境：plight 忽視問題：fail in/ignore/be blind to the issue 急切的：imperative 套用句型： we must call for an immediate action/method,because the current dendency of …,if permitted to develop at will,it will result in the destruction of …

3、預測法，為了鼓舞人心，通過預測未來的方法來結束文章。常用詞匯： 解決方案：recipe/solution/remedy/measure/approach 鼓舞人心的：encouraging/promising/cheerful 迅速有效的：instant/effective/valid 有回報的：rewarding/pay-offf 不久的將來：foreseeable future/near future 致力于：be committed/devoted/engaged to 前景，預測：prospect 持續努力：sustain the efforts 套用句型： Fortunately,however,more and more people come to realize the importance of … and improvement is in near future.There is no easy solution to the issue,but … might be helpful/beneficial.There is no effective approach to the problem of …,but our commitment will be rewarded as long as we insist on assuming our responsibility on it.The effect that…will bring about are far-reaching.…will exert a profound influence on … in my judgment,however, … It's important to sustain our efforts to … Indeed, it is not an easy thing for ….But I think,…

4、結尾常用的總結性語言 Admittedly/A conclusion from…, is that…/All in all/As a final comment/At last/At length/Consequently/ Finally/From this point of view/hence/In a word/In berief/In conclusion/In short/In summary/ On account of this,we can find that…/On this background,it's concluded that… to sum up/to summarize

5、結尾要注意的問題，不要犯以下的錯誤，這些誤區不但不能起到輔助文章中心，重申文章主題的作用，反而有害于它。①遠離主題 ②空喊口號 Try our best from now on!This is what we should do!③痛下決心 Let's be determined to be hardworking in our new construction process in our modernization development.五、如何發表個人觀點

1、表示自己支持的觀點 If I were forced to agree with one of the two methods, my choice would be for… I am one of the many people who support the idea of … As far as … concerned, I prefer… For my part,I am a supporter of … I prefer to … because… On the question of … I have for a long time admitted that… when… more often than not,prefer to … Given the factors I have outlined,I believe that… Therefore, I strongly recommend that… I strongly commmit to the notion that… Having weighed up the arguments on both sides, I am inclined to believe that…

2、表示個人反對的觀點 Admittedly…,but I think it is advisable that… At first sight/galance, the idea sounds reasonable,but if we take a further look,we can find that it does not hold water.However, although many people…, I feel it's better to … I find the statement of… to be too narrow.Deep down,I disagree with the above statement, and support the superiority of … I can't agree with… I feel such an attitude is negative,and that it can bring only further negative consequences to the soci Contrary to generally accepted ideas, I argue that…

3、表示折衷的觀點 The question of whether…is one that has concerned many people.It is held by some people that…However, there is an equally good argument that…From my point of view, both views are reasonable to some extend.Ther is no agreement among people as to…Some people focus on …,while others may think…From my point of view,both views go to extremes and we need a further analysis of their views.六、削弱議論文表現力的誤區 議論文不外乎考察兩種能力，一種是能否表達并支持自己的觀點，另一種是能否在兩種觀點中選擇一種觀點并說明其正確性

1、過多主觀性語言和議論 在表達個人觀點的時候需要特別注意的是，一定要控制好主觀性語言在文章中出現的頻率。英文寫作喜歡用事實說話，讓讀 者自然而然的得到某種結論，而不是把個人的思維強加給讀者。我們只需要在文章開頭或結尾處表達自己的立場就可以了，其他的地方需要用客觀事實來說話。

2、個人體會作為論據 把個人經驗或體會作為文章的主要論據，這樣文章就失去了代表性，客觀性。不能用自己或自己的身邊事來議論。

3、空喊口號，論據不足 事實論據太少，只是空喊口號。有的寫作者喜歡表立場，下決心，用政治色彩很濃的詞語，都違背以理服人原則。

4、過多使用口語化語言 為增強語言的表現力，議論文中要減少口語色彩的詞匯和語言結構的使用。不要總使用if/because/when/don't/can't, 減少I think/you/we/us等表示個人行為語言的頻率。使用比較正式的語言，例：cannot do not must not Many people think that--變為使用--many people acknownledged that/hold the view that/maitain that等。

5、其他因素 如縮寫形式的使用/人稱指代/動詞代替動詞短語/從句引導詞/分詞結構與句子的選擇/各種句式的選擇

第五篇：考研英語復習思路

考研英語心得

如何攻克？簡單概括之：

單詞是基礎，長難句是突破口，真題是核心。聯合單詞和長難句，攻克真題。常見書目:

星火詞匯；考試蟲長難句；新概念3&4；張劍黃皮書（真題）

1、星火詞匯。

這套書確實編的不錯。詞義挖掘得多而深，例句豐富，而且和真題掛上了鉤。

可惜，書雖然編的不錯，大多數人卻沒有充分利用。抱著一本單詞書死啃效率確實低了點。最好結合語境。

2012版《考研英語詞匯星火式巧記·速記·精煉》全三冊電子書及配套mp3下載

2012版星火英語《30篇文章貫通考研詞匯》（附字幕音頻及精美電子書下載）

劉一男5500詞匯，也很有名：

2、新概念3&4

這兩本書，尤其是4的難度，和考研英語的文章相當。里面的長難句有十分的價值。很多經典文章值得背誦，對寫作也有好處。

由于考研時間較緊，讓大部分人背誦這兩本書不太現實。所以網上有了個新概念精簡背誦36篇。不要為了背誦而背誦，要仔細琢磨，分析理解里面的長難句，生詞、句子結構還有意思。這是你日后吃透真題的基礎。

新概念考研必背36篇(彩版)：

3、考試蟲長難句

聽名字就明白，專門研究長難句的。適合基礎不太好的看看。

2012版考試蟲長難句：《考研英語閱讀基本功難句過關》PDF電子書下載

宮東風的長難句視頻，也可以聽聽：

4、各種語法視頻

把語法單列出來還是有必要的。如果你對語法的印象是英語課上那些枯燥抽象不知所云的概念的話，那你需要轉換思想了。語法的作用仍然同上，幫助理解長難句。不然的話，遇上考研英語閱讀里某些主謂賓百轉千回的句子，你會無從下手（好比2011年考研英語最后一篇閱讀的最后一個句子）。

輔導班的考研英語語法比較有針對性，重點講解定語從句、省略句等閱讀、翻譯里需要掌握的語法。推薦之。

2012新東方考研英語基礎語法視頻及講義下載（屠浩民）

2011年新東方考研英語基礎班視頻及講義下載（詞匯語法寫作閱讀~?。?/p>

5、真題

以上的各項是基礎，是研究真題的工具。如果沒有一定的單詞積累和理解長難句的能力，做真題會很吃力，而且事倍功半。

真題就不用多說了，張劍黃皮書，無可撼動的江湖地位。至少研究近十年真題里的文章和每道題的解題思路。這本書要精做。

2012黃皮書：

最后還有兩點要說明：

1、關于各考研輔導班。

輔導班研究考試的本事一流，忽悠的本事更是超一流。對于某些技巧、套路的總結，大家的確可以學習下，能少走彎路。但是輔導班喜歡鼓吹一些誤導人的言論，這個就需要大伙有辨別力了。最常見的言論是：考研英語的最高境界是看不懂文章照樣選對題目。類似的話，聽過，笑笑就可以了。

人的一生中，最光輝的一天并非是功成名就那天，而是從悲嘆與絕望中產生對人生的挑戰，以勇敢邁向意志那天。——福樓拜

2、關于論壇的作用。

論壇的真正意義遠在資料之外。應該在這里得到分享的，是大家的知識和備考經驗。備考過程中你會遇到一系列問題，有具體學習上的，更有精神上的。將這些分享出來，發揮群眾的力量使之得到解決，這才是論壇的終極價值。

類似這樣的帖子：

（以上資料來自互聯網，本人看來，復習的方向大家可以學習學習，但是一些資料未必需要刻意購買，用好身邊的資料就行。）