第一篇：2012年全國職稱英語考試綜合B級試題及答案

第一部分：詞匯選項(第1~15題，每題1分，共15分)

下面每個句子中均有1個詞或者短語有括號，請為每處括號部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。

1.All the walls in the building had the same layout.A.size

B.function

C.color

D.arrangment

答案：D

2.The storm caused severe damage.A.physical

B.accidental

C.serious

D.enviromental

答案：C

3.The walls are made of hollow concret blocks.A.big

B.empty

C.long

D.new

答案：B

4.Our aim was to update the health service and we succeeded.A.offer

B.provide

C.modernize

D.fund

答案：C

5.Do we have to wear these name tags?

A.lists

B.forms

C.lables

D.codes

答案：C

6.Joe came to the window as the crowd chanted‖Joe,Joe,Joe‖

A.repeated

B.jumped

C.maintained

D.approached

答案：A

7.He inspired many young people to take up sports.A.encouraged

B.allowed

C.called

D.advised

答案：A

8.The city center was wiped out by the bomb.A.covered

B.reduced

C.destroyed

D.moved

答案：C

9.Most baby can take in a wide range of food easily.A.bring

B.digest

C.keep

D.serve

答案：B

10.A larg crowd assembled outside the American embassy.A.watched

B.shouted

C.gathered

D.walked

答案：C

11.The weather was crisp and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away.A.fresh

B.hot

C.heavy

D.windy

答案：A

12.What puzzles me is why his books are so popular.A.shocks

B.influences

C.confuses

D.concerns

答案：C

13.I think $7 a drink is a bit steep, don’t you?

A.tight

B.low

C.cheap

D.high

答案：D

14.The contempt he felt for his fellow students was obvious.A.need

B.hate

C.love

D.pity

答案：D

15.Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous.A.slightly

B.partly

C.faintly

D.completely

答案：D 第二部分：閱讀判斷(第16~22題，每題1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷;如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。

Brotherly Love

1.Adidas and puma began to make shoes at the end of 19th century.-------Wrong

2.The brothers’ father was a ball maker.-------Wrong

3.The brothers make shoes at home.-------Right

4.The brothers argued about the shoes.-------Wrong

5.The brothers decided to start their separate companies after argument.-------Right

6.Nike makes more shoes than Adidas.-------Not mentioned

7.People in town have forgotten their argument.-------Wrong

第三部分：概括大意和完成句子(第23~30題，每題1分，共8分)

下面的短文后有2項測試任務：(1)第23~26題要求從所給的6個選項中為指定段落每段選擇1個小標題;(2)第27~30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定一個最佳選項。

How technology pushes down price(原文有刪減)

The Treaty of Breda, signed in 1667 after a war between the English and Dutch in which the English were worsted, gave the Dutch the big prize: Run, a small island in the Indonesian archipelago which was the world's principal source of nutmeg.The margin on nutmeg at the time was around 3,200%.The English, as a consolation prize, got Manhattan.As an illustration of the long-term fall in food prices compared with other goods, that is a sharp one.But deflation has characterized the food business for centuries, because of continual advances in food production and distribution technology.Consumers have benefited greatly from those advances.Malthusians, whose descendants until quite recently predicted that the world would run out of food, have thereby been confounded.More and more food is being produced by fewer and fewer people with less and less capital;it is therefore ever more plentiful and cheaper.Since demand is to some extent limited by the size of people's stomachs, spending on food compared with other goods has been falling for many years, and continues to drop(see chart 4).Genetically modified(GM)seeds are the latest manifestation of a production revolution that started with Charles ―Turnip‖ Townsend, who in the 18th century laid the basis for crop rotation.Organic fertilisers were replaced by chemical ones in the 19th century.The railway opened up the American mid-west.The horse replaced the cow, the combine harvester the horse.After the second world war, dwarf varieties of wheat and rice(which overcame the problem that heavily fertilised crops in hot countries grew too tall and fell over)boosted developing-country output.The ―green revolution‖ helped trigger a more recent ―livestock revolution‖, documented by Chris Delgado, who works jointly for the International Food Policy Research Institute and the International Livestock Research Institute.Higher incomes and urbanisation, combined with falling food prices, have boosted meat and milk consumption in developing countries.By 1997, real beef prices were a third their level in 1971.Over that period, meat consumption in developing countries rose five-fold, three times as fast as in developed countries.Milk consumption rose three-fold.By the 1980s, advances in conventional plant breeding had tailed off, but GM made it possible to do things with DNA that conventional breeding could not do.Despite scaremongering in Europe, GM technology is spreading elsewhere: most of the world's soya is now GM.Producing lots of food is not much good unless you can distribute it, so advances in distribution technology have been as important as those in production technology.Salt, used to preserve food, which meant that it could be stored and traded, was an early aid to distribution.Canning arrived in the early 19th century, when a Frenchman discovered that food could be stored longer if it was heated before it was bottled, and a Briton worked out that tin cans were easier to transport than bottles;and both the British and the French armies used the technology to feed their troops in the Napoleonic wars.Francis Bacon, a British scientist and essayist, was an early victim of the struggle to develop refrigeration technology: he died in 1626 after eating some chicken that he had stuffed with snow as part of an experiment.In 1877 the first shipload of frozen beef was carried from Argentina to France.The impact on the food industry of the spread of the domestic refrigerator in the 20th century was rivalled only by that of the car, which changed the face of retailing by allowing supermarkets to develop.Supermarkets have helped push down prices principally because of their scale.Big businesses can invest in IT systems that make them efficient.And their size allows them to buy in bulk.The more concentrated the retail business becomes, the bigger supermarkets get, the further prices get pushed down until, of course, there is so much concentration that there is not enough competition.Britain's Competition Commission indicated earlier this year that the supermarket industry was moving towards that point: it refused to let any of the top three supermarket chains buy one of the smaller players.In America, however, where the size of the country means a more fragmented retail business, there is still scope for further concentration: the ―black death‖, as Wal-Mart is known in the trade, is expected to claim more victims.Wal-Mart's scale, the efficiency of its IT systems and the cheapness of its non-unionised labour force($8-10 an hour compared with $17-18 for mid-sized players such as Albertsons, A hold, Safeway and Kroger), give it a massive advantage.It sells Colgate toothpaste for an average of 63% of its competitors' price, Tropicana orange juice for 58% and Kellogg's Corn Flakes for 56%.Analysts expect at least one of the mid-sized firms to disappear.The concentration of power among retailers has led to another stage in the shift in power down the food chain.Once upon a time, power lay with landlords.In the 20th century, as processing and distribution became more important, so did the food producers.Lord Haskins, Tony Blair's adviser on farming, recalls going to food industry conferences in the 1970s, when there would be a line of Rolls-Royces outside, all belonging to producers.Retailer concentration has shifted power(and profits)further down the food chainNo longer.Retailer concentration has shifted power(and profits)further down the food chain.But the retailers are not the type to swank around in flash cars.They are ostentatiously parsimonious, advertising their determination to keep prices down.Wal-Mart's headquarters in Bentonville, Arkansas, is in a converted warehouse.Tesco, Britain's biggest private-sector employer, has its headquarters in a Stalinist bunker in a nasty bit of north-east London.Beside the main reception its share price is proudly displayed on one of those blackboards with white plastic letters stuck on to it that you see in the cheapest sandwich bars.One of the manifestations of retailers' power(which also reinforces it)is the growth of private-label(ie, supermarket-not producer-branded)goods.In 2002, according to the Boston Consulting Group, own-label made up 39% of grocery sales in Britain, 21% in France and only 16% in the United States, but everybody thinks that, as retailing becomes more concentrated, America is going the way of Britain.Retailers can sell private-label only if the price cuts they offer mean more to consumers than a producer's brand.As own-label has expanded, so supermarkets have been taking all but the most successful brands off their shelves.―If you are a must-have brand it's fine,‖ says Dido Harding, Tesco's commercial director.―If you're a sub-global brand, life's much harder.‖The shift in power to retailers has put pressure on producers' margins, hence huge programmes of cuts.Since 2000, Uni-lever has cut its workforce by 33,000 to 245,000 and dropped lots of minor brands as part of its ―path to growth‖ strategy.Cadbury is the latest to announce big cuts: in October it said that it will be shutting 20% of its 133 factories and cutting 10% of its 55,000 global workforce.These cuts should help keep costs, and thus the price of food, low.Does cheap food make people unhealthy? In some ways.Hydrogenated vegetable oil, for instance—vegetable fat made solid by adding hydrogen atoms—is the nutritionists' current bête noire.Widely used as a cheap substitute for butter and cream, it is the main dietary source of trans fats.Trans fats are heavily implicated in heart disease;companies are taking them out of products for fear of lawsuits.Cheap food may also make people eat more.In a paper entitled ―Why have Americans become more obese?‖ David Cutler, Jesse Shapiro and Edward Glaeser, a group of Harvard economists, note that, among OECD countries, obesity is correlated to the level of regulation: the more food laws, the more protected local producers are, the harder it is to import technology, the slimmer people tend to be.They reckon that is because of price: the less regulated a country, the cheaper a Big Mac tends to be.But it could be another factor: heavily regulated countries might, for instance, be places with stronger family ties where real meals have survived and people eat fewer snacks and less fast food.Giving people bigger portions is an easy way of making them feel they have got a better dealFood companies certainly think giving people more food for their money makes them buy more.That is why portions have been getting larger and larger.In America, soft drinks, which used to come in 8oz and then 12oz containers now come in 20oz ones.As Dennis Lombardi of Technomic, a food-industry consultancy in Chicago, points out, giving people bigger portions is an easy way of making them feel they have got a better deal.―If I can give you an 8oz portion for $7, I can give you a 12oz portion for $8.The only incremental cost to me is the food, which probably cost 25 cents.‖ Everybody, therefore, has done it.Scientists have shown that portion size partly determines how much people eat.Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, fed subjects macaroni cheese, some in 2.5-cup portions, some in 5-cup portions.The ones with the big portions ate 27% more, on average, than those with small portions but did not report feeling any fuller.Brian Wansink at the University of Illinois found that if you give movie-goers an extra-large bucket of popcorn, they eat nearly half as much again as if you give them the next size down, even if the popcorn is stale.Now companies are under pressure to stop selling people more for less.But it is a hard trend to reverse, as Mr Lombardi points out.―How about I give you a third less food for $1 less? I don't think so.‖

23.Paragraph 1

24.Paragraph 2

25.Paragraph 3

26.Paragraph 4

A.Huge retailers force producers to cunt costs

B.Consumers like supermarkets

C.Technology helps reduce food prices

D.Food comes cheaper in larger portions

E.Chain stores provide better service

F.Bigger supermarkets offer lower prices

27.Big supermarkets can offer food at lower prices because they can buy in___

28.Some food producers have reduced___

29.Besides cutting its workforce, Unilever also abandoned its___

30.Buyers like bigger portion because they think they have got___

A.their workforce

B.huge portions

C.large quantities

D.their money

E.a good barging

F.minor brands

答案：

23.C technology helps reduce food prices

24.F bigger supermarkets offer lower prices

25.A.Huge retailers force producers to cut costs

26.D.food comes cheaper in larger portions

27.Big supermarkets can offer food at lower prices because they can buy ___.答案為C: in bulk = in large quantities

28.Some forced producers have reduced ___答案為F。minor brands

29.Besides cutting its cost, Unilever also abandoned its ____答案為A.their workforce

30.Buyers like big portions because they think they have got ___.答案為E。a good bargain = a better deal 第四部分：閱讀理解(第31~45題，每題3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據短文內容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。

第一篇

Oseola Marcaty

31.This woman shocked and inspired the world because ______.A.she had managed to save so much money

B.she gave her money to African Americans

C.she gave her life savings to help others through university

D.she only spent money on cheap things

答案：A

32.She managed to save so much money because ______.A.she had ironed and washed clothes all her life

B.she had worked hard, saved hard and invested carefully

C.she had opened a good bank account

D.she knew how to make money

答案：B

33.She gave her money away because ______.A.she wanted to help the university

B.she wanted others to have the chance to become nurses

C.she wanted others to have the opportunity to escape a hard life

D.she want to be remembered after her death

答案：C

34.When her generosity was made ______.A.people donated billions

B.hundreds of students got scholarships

C.hundreds of people put money into the fund

D.she was sent to university

答案：C

35.Marcarty’s generosity indicates clearly that

A.scholarship funds are popular in US

B.Kind-hearted people deserves doctorates

C.Selflessness exists in human society

D.Poor people can donate as much as rich people

答案：D

第二篇 From Ponzi to Madoff

36.For every $100 Ponzi promises to pay people

A.$5 a year

B.$40 a year

C.$20 a year

D.$100 a year

答案：B

37.What did Ponzi do with the money people gave him?

A.He spent it all on things for himself.B.He used some of it to pay other people.C.He deposited it all in a bank.D.He kept it all to save for a good plan.答案：B

38.What was Ponzi’s crime?

A.He kept a lot of other peoples’ money for himself.B.He robbed the banks of millions of dollars.C.He gave people more than bank allowed.D.He couldn’t pay people the interests.答案：A

39.How long did Madoff’s trick lasts

A.Four years.B.Forty years.C.Nine years.D.Ninety years.答案：B

40.Why didn’t Madoff have to go on trail?

A.He admitted he was guilty.B.The officials couldn’t find any evidence against him.C.He had friends in government who helped him.D.He returned all illegal money.答案：A

第三篇

Gross National Happiness

In the last century，new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries.However，one country resisted these changes.High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia，the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate.Its people and Buddhist(佛教)culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years.Bhutan，however，was a poor country.People died at a young age.Most of its people could not read，and they did not know much about the outside world.Then，in 1972，a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern，but without losing its traditions.King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas.He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross Natonal Product(GNP)。The GNP measures products and money.When the number of products sold increases，people say the country is making progress.King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan.He wanted to measure his country’s progress by people’s happiness.If the people’s happiness increased，the king could say that Bhutan was making progress.To decide if people were happier，he created a measure called Gross National Happiness(GNH)。

GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness.People are happier if they have health care，education，and jobs.They are happier when they live in a healthy，protected environment.They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs.Finally，people are happier when they have a good，stable government.Now these is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan.People are healthier and are living longer.More people are educated and employed.Teenty-five percent of the land has become national parks，and the country has almost no pollution.The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs.Bhutan has also become a democracy.In 2008，King Wangchuck gave his power to his son.Although the country still had a king，it held its first democratic elections that year.Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first time.Finally，Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet.Bhutan is a symbol for social progress.Many countries are now interested in Bhutan’s GNH.These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness.They want to create new policies that take care of their people，cultures，and land.Brazil may be the nest country to use the principles of GNH.Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration.Brazil is a large country with a diverse population.If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil，perhaps the rest of the world will follow.41.Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck?

A.A president.B.A Buddhist priest.C.A general.D.A king.42.Apart from modernizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan?

A.To make its population grow.B.To keep it separate from the world.C.To encourage its people to get rich.D.To keep its tradition and customs.43.A country shows its progress with GNP by

A.selling more products.B.spending more money.C.spending less money.D.providing more jobs.44.According to GNH, people are happier if they

A.have new technology.B.can change their religion.C.have a good, stable government.D.have more money.45.Today, many countries are

A.using the principles of GNH to measure their progress.B.working together to develop a common scale to measure GNH.C.taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progress.D.trying to find their own ways to measure happiness.答案：

41.Who was Wangchuck?

答案為D.king

相關句(第一段)：…anew ruler called king Wangchuck…

42.Apart from modernization modernizing Bhuta, whatelse did Wangchuck want to do for Bhuta?

答案為D.keep its traditions and customs.相關句：Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern, but without losing its traditions.43.A country shows its progress with GNP by ___.答案為A.selling more products

相關句：The GNP measures products and money.When the number of products sold increases people say the country is making progress.44.According to GNH, people are happier if they ___.答案為C.have a good stable government

45.Today many countries are ___.答案為D.trying to find their own ways to measure happiness.相關句：Many countries are interested in Bhutan’s GNH.These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness.第5部分：補全短文(第46~50題，每題2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請根據短文內容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復文章面貌。

Voice Your Opinion——Change is Needed in Youth Sports

Everywhere you look，you see kids bouncing a basketball or waving a tennis racquet(網球拍)。And these kids are getting younger and younger.In some countries，children can compete on basketball，baseball，and volleyball teams starting at age nine.(46)And swimming and gymnastics classes begin at age four，to prepare children for competition.It’s true that a few of these kids will develop into highly skilled athletes and may even become members of the national Olympic teams.(47)This emphasis on competition in sports is having serious negative effects.Children who get involved in competitive sports at a young age often grow tired of their sport.Many parents pressure their kids to choose one sport and devote all their time to it.(48)But 66 percent of the young athletes wanted to play more than one sport-for fun.Another problem is the pressure imposed by over-competitive parents and coaches.Children are not naturally competitive.In fact，a recent study by Paulo David found that most children don’t even understand the idea of competition until they are seven years old.(49)

The third，and biggest，problem for young athletes is the lack of time to do their homework，have fun，be with friends—in short，time to be kids.When they are forced to spend every afternoon at sports practice，they often start to hate their chosen sport.A searchers found that 70 percent of kids who take part in competitive sports before the of twelve quit before they turn eighteen.(50)Excessive competitive away all the enjoyment.Need to remember the purpose of youth sports – to give kids a chance to have developing strong，healthy bodies.46題 答案：B

47題 答案：E

48題 答案：A

49題 答案：F

50題 答案：C

A.Survey found that 79 percent of parents of young athletes wanted their children to concentrate on one sports.B.The young soccer organization has teams for children as young as five.C.Many of them completely lose interest in sports.D.Sports for children have two important purposes.E.But what about the others, the average kids?

F.Very young kids don't know why their parents are pushing them so hard?

第6部分：完形填空(第52~65題，每題1分，共15分)

下面的短文有15處空白，請根據短文內容為每處空白確定1個最佳選項。

Do you ever wish you were more optimistic, someone who always(51)_______ to be successful? Having someone around who always(52)_______ the worst isn’t really a lot of(53)_______.We all know someone who sees a single cloud on a sunny day and says，“It looks(54)_______ rain.” But if you catch yourself thinking such things，it's important to do something(55)_______ it.You can change your view of life，(56)_______to psychologists.It only takes a little effort，and you'll find life more rewarding as a(57)_______.Optimism，they say，is partly about self-respect and confidence but it's also a more positive way of looking at life and all it has to(58)_______.Optimists are more(59)_______ to start new projects and are generally more prepared

to take risks.Upbringing is obviously very important in forming your(60)_______to the world.Some people are brought up to(61)_______too much on others and grow up forever blaming other people when anything(62)_______wrong.Most optimists，on the(63)_______ hand, have been brought up not to(64)_______failure as the end of the world—they just(65)_______ with their lives.51.A)counted B)expected C)felt D)waited

答案：B

52.A)worries B)cares C)fears D)doubts

答案：C

53.A)amusement B)play C)enjoyment D)fun

答案：D

54.A)so B)to C)for D)like

答案：D

55.A)with B)against C)about D)over

答案：C

56.A)judging B)according C)concerning D)following

答案：B

57.A)result B)reason C)purpose D)product

答案：A

58.A)supply B)suggest C)offer D)propose

答案：C

59.A)possible B)likely C)hopeful D)welcome

答案：B

60.A)opinion B)attitude C)view D)position

答案：B

61.A)trust B)believe C)depend D)hope

答案：C

62.A)goes B)falls C)comes D)turns

答案：A

63.A)opposite B)next C)other D)far

答案：C

64.A)regard B)respect C)suppose D)think

答案：A

65.A)get up B)get on C)get out D)get over

答案：B

第二篇：2006年職稱英語考試綜合類A級答案

大家論壇club.topsage.com

2006年職稱英語考試綜合類A級答案

答案：C 2 D 3 B 4 A 5 CD 7 A 8 D 9 B 10 DA 12 C 13 D 14 D 15 AB 17 C 18 A 19 A 20 BA 22 C 23 B 24 E 25 CD 27 C 28 E 29 D 30 B

C 32 C 33 D 34 A 35 B

C 37 D 38 A 39 D 40 B

B 42 D 43 C 44 D 45 A

D 47 F 48 E 49 C 50 A

C 52 B 53 D 54 D 55 A

D 57 B 58 C 59 A 60 D

C 62 D 63 A 64 C 65 B

其中：

1－30每題1分；

31－45每題3分；

46－50每題2分；

51－65每題1分。

試卷總分：100分。

第三篇：2011年職稱英語考試綜合類B級真題答案解析

2011年全國職稱英語考試真題答案綜合類（B級）

第1部分：詞匯選項 A confess 這個動詞是“坦白、交代、承認”的意思，admit也是“承認”的意思，兩個詞后面都可以跟用 that 引導的賓語從句，在這個句子里可以換用。D extract 作動詞用是“獲得、獲取”的意思，在四個選項中只有 obtain 具有這樣的意義，又如: extract help, extract satisfaction, extract information 等。

B accelerate 這個動詞原意是“加速”，如:The trains have been accelerated.火車提速了;The steps 10 implement the plan are being accelerated.執行該計劃的步伐正在加速。在本句中 accelerate his sale of shares(加速出售他的股票)，無疑就是增加出售他的股票的意思，故選 increased。D motive 是“動機”的意思，the motive for(doing)something 即為“做某事的動機”，reason 是“理由”，the motive for the murder 和 the reason for the murder 是同一意思。C impact 和 influence 是同義詞，意為“影響”，又如:the impact of modem technology on interpersonal relationships 現代技術對人際關系帶來的影響。

D shine 這個動詞通常用于表示“發亮、發光” 的意思，如: The sun is shining.但是如果和皮鞋一起用，那就是“擦皮鞋、把皮鞋擦亮”的意思了。本句的意思是:他的皮鞋擦得一塵不染。polish 具有“把......擦亮、磨光”的意思，clear 和 shoes 一起用的話便是 “把鞋子移開”的意思了，wash 則是用水洗，mend 是修補的意思。C explore 是“探索、探險、摸索” 的意思，investigate 除了常用的“調查”這層意思外，也具有“探索”這樣的意義，本句的意思是:在會議上我們探索了擴充的可能性。

A steady 是“穩定的”意思，a steady decline 則是 “穩步下降”，在這個上下文中可以用 continuous 來代替它，即“不斷下降”。sharp decline 則是“急劇下降”。

A remark 這個動詞就是 “說”的意思，所以這里就用 saying 來代替它。B framework 就是我們現在常常說的“框架”，within the existing legal framework 指在現有的法律框架內。所謂法律框架實際上就是指法律體系，所以選 system。limit 是限制，procedure 是程序，status 是地位。D find fault with something/someone 是個固定的表達式，意為“找茬、吹毛求疵”，所以和 criticize(批評)基本同義。A spectacular 這個形容詞常用來描述場面、景觀等，意思是“壯觀的、壯麗的、華麗的” 等，在四個選項中只有 magnificent 具有這樣的意思。B grasp 這個動詞是“抓住”的意思，可用于具體的事物，如:grasp the rope/ my hand 抓住繩索/抓住我的手，也可以用于抽象的概念，如: grasp the main idea/his meaning 抓

住要點/理解他的意思。在本句中 grasp the significance of what had happened 就相當于understand the significance of what had happened。C convert 的意思是“改變、轉化”。turn 則是具有同樣意義的一個更為常用的單詞，兩者后面都跟 into 來表示“變為……”。又如: Solar energy has been successfully converted/turned into mechanical energy.太陽能被成功地轉化成機械能。The priest converted/turned him from a Buddhist into a Christian.那神父把他從 一個佛教徒變成了個基督徒。reduce 減少，reform 改造。D tolerate 是 “忍受”的意思，如: tolerate the heat 忍受酷熱.tolerate the loneliness 忍受孤獨，tolerate the humiliation 忍受屈辱。和它同義的詞常用的有bear，endure 和 stand。

第2部分：閱讀理解 B 從文章的第一句 For six hours we shot through the barren landscape of the Karoo desert in South Africa.便可以知道這句話是錯的，shot 是動詞 shoot 的過去時形式，shoot through 用以表示開車，那顯然車是開得很快的；而且，他們開過的沙漠是一片荒漠(barren landscape)，并非是一個busy desert。A 第一段里就說她已經寫了整整三個筆記本，并且開始寫第四本了。C 文中講到 Daniel 用相機記錄他在非洲的所見所聞，但并沒有提到他拍攝過尼羅河(the Nile River)。A 從文章的第二、第三段可以看到他們兩人在非洲看到了許多。B 實際上 Sophia 在開車，Daniel 則在睡覺，所以并非兩人都看到了野馬。B 文中說到And as I drove，something caught my eye.something moving close enough to touch them，to smell their hot breath.很顯然，野馬一度離他們的車很近，只是后來才漸漸遠離了。B Daniel 是在 Sophia 看到野馬一小時后自己醒來的—— When Daniel woke up an hour later I told him what had happened.并不是讓Sophia 喚醒的。

第3 部分：概括大意與完成子 E 第一段的第一句話就講世上幾乎沒有什么事我們是單槍匹馬去完成的。接著作者舉了好幾個人們在群體中生活和工作的例子。所以 People are in groups.正是本段的中心。F 本段的第一句 In almost every situation where you're in a group，you will need a skilled leader.就是它的主題句。本段要講的就是任何一個群體都需要有一個領導者。A 本段雖然以 Some people are natural leaders.(有些人生來就是當頭的。)開始，但作者并不真正認同這一觀點，這從 Although a 1ot of people agree that there are some natural-born leaders，most people now recognise that leadership can also be taught.這句話可以看到。所以 Training can make good 1eaders.概括了本段的大意。D 本段的第一句是它的主題句: Our training courses use activities and techniques to develop a range of qualities which are necessary to be a good leader.a range of qualities 就是a variety of qualities，即各種素質。C 答案可見第一段的最后一句:...being able to work successfully with other people is one of the major keys to success.E Groups often break down because of lack of good leaders.這句話是第二段中下面這句話的另一種說法: Groups without leaders or with weak leaders almost always break down.A 請見第二段里的這句話: Good leaders don't make people do things in a bossy，controlling way.B 請見第四段里這句話: Self-confidence is vital for you to overcome your own fears about being a leader.be vital for someone to do something 即對某人做某事是十分關鍵的，和 be the key to doing something 是同一個意思。

第4 部分：閱讀理解

C 本題的答題依據是文章開頭的這句話: Everyone has imagination，but most of us，once we become adults，forget how to access it.人人都有想象力，只是成年后，我們就忘了如何取得想象力(access it)。文章的目的就是教給成年人幾種獲得想象力的技巧，所以說成年人還是可以學會怎么樣更加富有創意的。

B 從第二段的這兩句話：First，think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do.Then find an image，word，idea or object，for example，a candle.可以找到答案。蠟燭只是一個例子。

A 第三段的第一句話: Imagine that normal limitations don’t exist.You have as much time/ space/money, etc.as you want.是本題的答題依據。

B put yourself in their shoes 是英語的一個成語，相當于漢語的“設身處地”.35 C 第三種技巧就是:Look at the situation from a different point of view.作者以談判者和小說家為例，說明推銷員如要應用這一技巧就應該把自己置于顧客的位置上，問一問他們的需要是什么。

A 文章的第一段把這一點講得十分明確:...the so-called Generation M are spending a considerable amount of their time in fruitless efforts as they multitask.It argues that，in fact，these young people are frittering away as much as half of their time as they would if they performed the very same tasks one after the other.37 A 第二段的最后一句話: As some new device comes along, it is also added to the list rather than replacing one of the existing devices.回答了這個問題。只要有新的玩意兒出現，它就會被增加到現有的玩意兒上去，而不是替代原有的東西。注意四個選項里的they 指的是 e-devices 而不是屬于Generation M 這一代的年輕人。

D 根據文章的內容應選 D。distant to their family 意為 ”和自己的家人疏遠“。具體可見第三段。

D 答題的依據是第五段里的這句話: They feel that many undergraduates now urgently need remedia1 help with study skills.可見在大學教師看來許多本科生急需補上學習技能這一課。

A 這道題的答題依據是文章的最后一段，作者認為盡管上面所說的都沒錯，但是(注意 while 這個連接詞的轉折意義)我們要記住現今對年輕人的期望越來越高。不管老一輩怎么說他們(注意 despite這個介詞表示的讓步意義)，對他們(年輕人)還是應該給予表揚而不是批評(Praise rather than criticism is due)。To be due 應該得到。

D 第一段里講到了人們擁有手機的幾種理由，其中不包括手機便宜(cheap)這一條。

C detect 意為”覺察、發現“，故可用 discover 來代替。

A 第三段里把這名推銷員年紀輕輕就要退休的原因講得十分明白:...a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss.He couldn't remember even simple tasks.44 A 請見第四段里的這句話:Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation，but they say the amount is too small to worry about.它們并不否認手機有輻射，只是輻射量很小無需擔心。

B 作者建議大家少用手機，這一點在最后一段里可以清楚地看到。

第5 部分：補全短文

A 第一段是文章的引言，說的是當今有了電視和雜志這樣的媒體，名人到處可見，但是情況并非一向如此，80 年前收音機和電影才剛開始對美國人產生這樣的效應，也就是才能向美國的公眾介紹宣傳Lindberg，使他成為名人。

D 這個空的前一句說的是 Lindberg 在大學讀工程學位，但是飛行吸引了他的想象;其后的一句則講他自己買了飛機在各地表演空中特技，所以在中間自然應該填入他輟學并移居到 Nebraska 去學習飛行這句話。

F 前一句說到Lindberg 參軍，在飛行員班里第一個畢業，這樣正好接上 Lindbergh used this additional training to get a job as an airmail pilot，flying out of St.Louis，Missouri.這句話。

B 前面一句講了Lindberg 覺得要完成這次飛行自己的技術沒有問題，但并非任何一架飛機都能飛這么遠。所以下面就接上他找到了 San Diego 的一家飛行器公司定做了一架飛機。

C 六個選項中只有這個選項是和他回到美國后得到的榮譽有關的。

第6 部分：完形填空

C the diagnosis of his illness Parkinson's disease 他的不適被診斷為帕金森氏病

B criticism of something/someone 對某事/某人的批評，這里 of 的賓語表示的是 criticism這個動作的對象;其他三個介詞都不能用。

A opposition to 反對……

A take up 是個短語，意為”從事……”，take up the sport 從事該項運動，take up filmmaking 從影，take up charity 從事慈善事業。

C 盡管 A1i不主張開展女子拳擊，但他出席女兒的職業賽似乎傳遞了一個父親的支持，他自然是想看女兒比賽的，故 watch his daughter fight。

D 這里有一個比較結構 as much …as…，被比較的是女兒的首次比賽和父親以前的比賽吸引公眾的程度，兩個比較的對象理應是同一事物，所以選 fight。

D 從觀眾的角度來看總是希望比賽緊張一點、精彩一點，雙方勢均力敵才有看點，所以 Laila 的對于明顯比她弱，對觀眾來說就是一件不幸的事了。

C to know what one is doing 是一種常見的、相對固定的表達方式，意思是:知道該怎么做、做得不錯。

B compare...to...這里是 “和......作比較”的意思，也可以說 “compare...with..., compare...to...的另一種意思是”把……比作為……"。

C make her own name 自己成名(不靠她父親)

B 這里說的是Laila 已經明白的事，所以用 realize。suggest 和 propose都是建議，hope則是希望。

B 這里的 if 相當于whether;to see if(whether)she still wants to go forward with it 看她是否還想繼續下去。

D struggle with the symptoms of Parkinson's disease和帕金森氏病的癥候斗爭。

B 對Laila 在那樣一個時刻所作出的那樣一個決定人們的反應有贊揚，也有批評。

C arrival on the boxing scene of a woman 一名女性出現在拳擊場上，注意這里的詞序，實際上是 the arrival of a woman on the boxing scene。

第四篇：2010+2011年職稱英語考試理工類B級真題及答案

2010年全國專業技術人員職稱英語等級考試試卷

理工類B級

第1部分：詞匯選項(第1~15題，每題1分，共15分)

下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。

1．Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment．

A．anger

B．doubt

C．love D．surprise

2．The document was compiled by the Department of Health．

A．written

B．printed

C．attached D．sent

3．He's spent years cultivating a knowledge of art．

A．sharing

B．using

C．denying D．developing

4．We've seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues．

A．clear

B．regular

C．quick

D．great

5.Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners．

A．polite

B．similar

C．usual

D．bad

6.I want to provide my boys with a decent education．

A．good

B．special

C．private

D．general

7．In the process，the light energy converts to heat energy．

A．changes

B．reduces

C．leaves

D．drops

8．Many cities have restricted smoking in public places．

A．limited

B．allowed

C．stopped

D．kept

9． What are my chances of promotion if I stay here?

A．retirement

B．advertisement

C．advancement

D．replacement

10．If we leave now，we should miss the traffic．

A．direct

B．stop

C．mix

D．avoid

11．There was a profound silence after his remark．

A．proud

B．short

C．sudden

D．deep

12．I enjoyed the play it had a clever plot and funny dialogues．

A．long

B．boring

C．original

D．humorous

13．The thief was finally captured two miles away from the village．

A．caught

B．killed

C．found

D．jailed

14．Such a database would be extremely costly to set up．

A．transfer

B．destroy

C．establish

D．update

15．The two banks have announced plans to merge next year．

A．combine

B．sell

C．close

D．break

第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16～22題，每題1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。

A Great Quake Coming?

Everyone who lives in San Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the bay area and they can be devastating．In 1906，for example，a major quake destroyed about 28，000 buildings and killed hundreds，perhaps thousands of people．Residents now wonder when the next“Big One”will strike．It's bound to happen someday．At least seven active fault(斷層)lines run through the San Francisco area．Faults are places where pieces of Earth's crust(地殼)slide past each other．When these pieces slip，the ground shakes．

To prepare for that day, scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake and predict how bad the damage might be when the next one happens．

One new finding about the 1906 earthquake is that the San Andreas fault split apart faster than scientists had assumed at the time．During small earthquakes，faults rupture(斷裂)at about 2.7 kilometers per second．During bigger quakes，however，ruptures can happen at rates faster than 3.5 kilometers per second．

At such high speeds．massive amounts of pressure build up，generating underground waves that can cause more damage than the quake itself．Lucky for San Francisco，these pressure pulses(脈沖)travel away from the city during the 1906 event．As bad as the damage was，it could have been far worse．

Looking ahead，scientists are trying to predict when the next major quake will occur．Records show that earthquakes were common before 1906．Since then，the earthquake has been relatively quiet．Patterns in the data，however，suggest that the probability of a major earthquake striking the Bay Area before 2032 is at least 62 percent．

New buildings in San Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakes．Still，more than 84 per-cent of the city's buildings are old and weak．Analyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damage．

People who live there tend to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty quiet for a while．According to the new reseaych，however，it's not a matter of“if the Big One will hit”．It's just a matter of when．

16．The San Francisco area is located above several active fault lines．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

17．The 1906 earthquake in San Francisco is the most severe one in American history．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

18．The highest speed of fault ruptures in the 1906 quake was more than 3.5 kilometers per second.A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

19．Earthquakes rarely happened before 1906．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

20．San Francisco is fully prepared for another big earthquake．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

21．Scientist will be able to predict the exact time of an earthquake soon．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

22．A major earthquake striking San Francisco someday is inevitable．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23～30題，每題1分，共8分)

下面的短文后有2項測試任務：(1)第23-26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2～5段每段選擇1個最佳標題；(2)第27～30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最佳選項。

Natural Gas

Natural gas is produced from reservoirs deep beneath the earth's surface．It is a fossil fuel，meaning that it is derived from organic material buried in the earth millions of years ago.The main component of natural gas is methane(甲烷).The popularity and use of clean natural gas has increased dramatically over the past 50 years as Dipeline infrastructure(基礎設施)has been installed to deliver it conveniently and economically to millions of residential，commercial and industrial customers worldwide．Today，natural gas service is available in all 50 states，and is the leading energy choice for fueling American homes and indus-tries．More than 65 million American homes use natural gas．In fact，natural gas is the most eco-nomical source for home energy needs，costing one-third as much as electricity.In addition to heat-ing homes，much of the gas used in the United States is used as a raw material to manufacture a wide variety of products，from paint，to fibers for clothing，to plastics for healthcare，computing and fur-nishings． Natural gas is also used in a significant number of new electricity-generating power plants.Natural gas is one of the safest and cleanest fuels available． It emits less pollution than other fossil fuels．dioxide(二氧化碳)and water vapor-the same substances emitted when humans ex-hale．Compared with some other fossil fuels，natural gas emits the least amount of carbon dioxide in-to the air when combusted(燃燒)-making natural gas the cleanest burning fossil fuel of all．The industry also is subject to substantial federal regulation in the areas of production and distribution，which help ensure it is provided to consumers safely and cleanly．

The United States consumes about one-third of the world's natural gas output，making it the lar-gest gas consuming region in the world．The U．S．Department of Energy's Energy Information Ad-ministration forecasts that natural gas demand will grow by more than 50 percent by 2025.There are huge reserves of natural gas beneath the earth's surface．The largest reserves of natu-ral gas can be found in Russia，West and North Africa and the Middle East．LNG(液化天然氣)has been produced domestically and imported in the United States for more than four decades.To-day，the leading importers of LNG are Japan，Korea，France and Spain.23．Paragraph 2_______________

24．Paragraph 3_______________

25．Paragraph 4_______________

26．Paragraph 5_______________

A．Popularity and use of natural gas

B．Natural gas reserves and supply

C．Natural gas prices

D．Clean fuel of choice

E．Disadvantages of natural gas

F．Natural gas consumption

27．Natural gas is stored deep________.28．Natural gas is recognized as the most economical energy source ________.29．When manufacturing many products，people commonly use natural gas ________.30．It is estimated that by 2050 that natural gas demand in the United States will increase________.A．over the past 50 years

B．beneath the earth surface

C．by more than 50 percent

D．for more than four decades

E．as a raw material

F．for home energy needs

第4部分：閱讀理解(第31-45題，每題3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據短文內容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。

第一篇

Walking to Exercise the Brain

Do you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades?Think again．Getting some exercise may help，too．

New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didn't exercise．

Previous research had shown that mice learn，remember，and pay attention better after a few weeks of working out on a running wheel．Mice that exercise have greater blood flow to the brain than those who don't．Their brain cells also make more connections．

Neuroscientists from the University at Urbana-Champaign wanted to find out if the same thing is true for people．First，they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults，ages 58 to 77，after each per-son walked 1 mile．Then，participants looked at arrows on a computer sczeen and had to use com-puter keys to show which way one particular arrow was pointing．

Adults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task，and their answers were just as ac-curate as their less-fit peers,the researchers found．The fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of their brain responsible for paying attention and making decisions．

In a second study，15 elderly people who completed a 6-month aerobic-training course were fas-ter at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching and toning exercises for the same amount of time．

So，even going for a walk every 2 or 3 days forjust 10 to 45 minutes can help．That should be good news for your grandparents．

The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people haven't been studied yet．Still，it can't hurt to take occasional study breaks and go for a walk or run around with your friends．You might even do better in school．

Whatever you do，though，don't try to read and walk at the same time．You could end up hurting yourseff!

31．Walking regularly helps elderly people_______．

A．lose weight

B．become happier

C．concentrate better

D．look younger

32．After taking exercise for a few weeks，the mice were found to have_____．

A．higher blood pressure

B．faster heartbeat

C．more blood flow to the brain

D．better appearance

33．The first study on 41 elderly people found______．

A．the less-fit participants did arrow tasks faster

B．the fitter participants did arrow tasks faster

C．the less-fit participants gave more accurate answers

D．the fitter participants gave more accurate answers

34．It can be good for health when one takes a walk every 2 or 3 days for at least______．

A．3 minutes

B．45 minutes

C．30 minutes

D．10 minutes

35．It is suggested in the last paragraph that people should______．

A．run around once a week

B．not read and walk at the same time

C．go for a walk every day

D．not hurt their friends while exercising

第二篇

Night of the Living Ants

When an ant dies，other ants move the dead insect out of the nest．This behavior is interesting to scientists，who wonder how ants know for sure and so soon that another ant is dead．

Dong-Hwan Choe，a scientist at the University of California found that Argentine ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants．“I'm dead．take me away．”

But there's a twist to Choe's discovery．These ants ave a little bit like zombies(僵尸)．Choe says that the living ants，not just the dead ones，have this death chemicals．In other words．While an ant crawls around，perhaps in a picnic or home，it's telling other ants that it's dead．

What keeps ants from hauling away the liring dead?Choe found that Argentine ants have two additional chemicals on their bodies，and these tell nearby ants something like，“Wait-I'm not dead yet，”So Choe's research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants：one says，“I'm dead．”the other set says，“I'm not dead yet．”

Other scientists have tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is dead． If an ant is knocked unconscious，other ants leave it alone until it wakes up．That means ants know that unmoving ants can still be alive．

Choe suspects that when an Argentine ant dies，the chemical that says“Wait-I'm not dead yet” quickly goes away.Once that chemical is gone，only the one that says“I'm dead”is left．“It's because the dead ant no longer smells like a living ant that it gets carried to the graveyard(墓地)，not because its body releases new unique chemicals after death，”said Choe． When other ants detect the“dead”chemical without the“not dead yet”chemical，they haul away the body． This was choe's hypothesis(假設)．

To test his hypothesis，Choe and his team put different chemicals on Argentine ant pupae(蛹).When the scientists used the“I'm dead”chemical，other ants quickly hauled tbe treated pupae away.When the scientists used the“Wait-I'm not dead yet”chemicals，other ants left the treated pupae alone.Choe believes this behavior shows that the“not dead yet”chemicals override(優先于)the“dead”chemical when picked up by adult ants． And that when an ant dies，the“not dead yet”chemicals fade away．Other nearby ants then detect the remaining“dead”chemical and remove the body from the nest．

36．What is meant by“death chemical”mentioned in paragraph 3?

A．A chemical that contains poison．

B．A chemical that causes death．

C．A chemical that announces death．

D．A chemical that prevents death．

37．Which of the following statements is NOT true of ants?

A．Ants know very soon that another ant is dead．

B．When an ant is dead，others move its body out of the nest．

C．If an ant is unconscious，it is moved out of the nest．

D．Living ants have the“I'm dead”chemical on their bodies．

38．According to Choe's hypothesis，___________.A．an ant still smells like a living when it dies

B．the“I am dead”chemical leaves the ant's body when it dies

C．the“I am not dead yet”chemical is left when an ant dies

D．the“I am not dead yet”chemical leaves the ant's body when it dies

39．According to paragraph 7，what is the result of the test on Choe's hyothesis?

A．It shows that his hypothesis is wrong．

B．It proves that his hypothesis is convincing．

C．It suggests that his hypothesis needs revising．

D．Not enough evidence has been found to support his hypothesis．

40．The passage“Night of the Living Ants”tells us about________.A．how an ant is moved out of the nest at nigh

B．what an ant does at night

C．how an ant finds its way in darkness

D．what happens when an ant dies

第三篇

The Iceman

On a September day in 1991，two Germans were climbing the mountain between Austria and Italy．High up on a mountain pass，they found the body of a man lying on the ice.At that height(10,499 feet or 3，200 meters)，the ice is usually permanent，but 1991 had been an especially warm year．The mountain ice had melted more than just usual and so the body had come to the surface．

It was lying face downward．The skeleton(骨架)was in perfect condition，except for a wound in the head．There was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothes．The hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots．Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark(樹皮)and a holder for arrows．

Who was the man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questions．Some people thought that it was from this century，perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I．since several soldiers had already been found in the area． A Swiss woman who believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found．The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older，maybe even a thousand years old．

With modern dating techniques，the scientists soon learned that the iceman was about 5，300 years old．Born in about 3300 B．C．，he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe．At first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains.More recent evidence．however，tells a different story．A new kind of X-ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder．It left only a tiny hole in his skin，but it caused internal damage and bleeding．He almost certainlv died from this wound，and not from the wound on the back of his head．This means that he was probably in some kind of battle．It may have been part of a large war，or he may have been fighting bandits．He may even have been a bandit himself．

By studying his clothes and tools，scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about the times he lived in．we may never know the full story of how he died，but he has given us important clues to the history of those distant times．

41．The body of the iceman was found in the mountains mainly because__________．

A．two Germans were climbing mountains

B．he was just on a mountain pass

C．the melted ice made him visible

D．he was lying on the ice

42．What can be inferred from paragraph 2?

A．The iceman could have died from the wound in the head．

B．The iceman was struck dead from behind．

C．The iceman was killed while working．

D．The iceman lived a poor life．

43．All the following are assumptions once made about iceman EXCEPT____________．

A．he was a soldier in Worid War I

B．he came from Italy

C．he was a Swiss woman'S long-lost father

D．He was born about a thousand years ago

44．The scientists made the deduction that the iceman_________．

A．was hit in the shoulder by an arrowhead

B．has a tiny hole in his skin causing his death

C．was probably in some kind of a battle

D．had got a wound on the back of his head

45．The word“bandits”in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by_________．

A．robbers

B．shooters

C．soldiers

D．hunters

第5部分：補全短文(第46～50題，每題2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請根據短文內容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復文章原貌。

Semco

At 21，Ricardo Semler became boss of his father'S business in Brazil，Semco，which sold parts for ships．Semler Junior worked like a madman，from 7：30 am，until midnight every day．One afternoon，while touring a factory in New York，he collapsed．The doctor who treated him said，“There's nothing wrong with you．But if you continue like this．you'll find a new home in our hospital．”Semler got the message．He changed the way he worked．In fact，he changed the ways his employees worked too．

He let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong．He allowed them to set their own salaries，and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary，like receptionists and secretaries．__________(46)．“Everyone at Semco，even top managers，meets guests in reception，does the photocopying，sends faxes，types letters and dials the phone．”

He completely reorganized the office：instead of walls，they have plants at Semco，SO bosses can't shut themselves away from everyone else．__________(47)．As for uniforms，some people wear suits and others wear T-shirts．

Semler says，“We have a sales manager named Rubin Agater who sits there reading the newspaper hour after hour．He doesn't even pretend to be busy．But when a Semco pump on the other side of the world fails，millions of gallons of oil are about to spill into the sea．Rubin springs into action．_________(48)．That'S when he earns his salary．No one cares if he doesn't look busy the rest of the time．”

Semco has flexible working hours：the employees decide when they need to arrive at work．The employees also evaluate their bosses twice a year．________(49)．

It sounds perfect，but does it work? The answer is in the numbers：in the last six years，Semco'S revenues have gone from$35 million to$212 million．The company has grown from eight hundred employees to 3，000．Why?

Semler says it's because of“peer pressure”．Peer pressure makes employees work hard for everyone else．_________(50)．In other words，Ricardo Semler treats his workers like aduhs and expects them to act like adults．And they do．

A．This saved money and brought more equality to the company．

B．He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them．

C．And the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want．

D．Most managers spend their time making it difficult for workers to work．

E．If someone isn't doing his job well，the other workers will not allow the situation to continue．

F．Also，Semco lets its workers use the company's machines for their own projects，and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year．

第6部分：完形填空(第51～65題，每題1分，共15分)

下面的短文有15處空白，請根據短文內容為每處空白確定1個最佳選項。

The Case of the Disappearing Fingerprints

One useful anti-cancer drug can effectively erase the whorls and other characteristic marks that give people their distinctive fingerprints(指紋)．Losing them could become troublesome．A case _________(51)online in a letter by Annals of Oncology(腫瘤學)indicates how big a________(52)of losing fingerprints is．

Eng-Huat Tan，a Singapore-based medical doctor describes a 62-year-old man who has used capecitabine to________(53)his nasopharyngeal cancer(鼻咽癌)．After three years on the_______(54)，the patient decided to visit U．S．relatives last December．But he was stopped by

U．S．customs officials________(55)4 hours after entering the country when those officials couldn't get fingerprints from the man．There were no_______(56)swirly marks appearing from his index finger．

“U．S．customs has been fingerprinting incoming foreign visitors for years．”Tan says．“unfortunately，for the Singaporean traveler，one potential_________(57)effect of his drug treatment is a smoothing of the tissue on the finger pads．_________(58)，no fingerprints．”

“It is uncertain when fingerprint___________(59)will begin to take place in patients who are taking capecitabine，”Tan points out．So he__________(60)any physicians who prescribe the drug to provide their patients with a doctor'S___________(61)pointing out that their medicine may cause fingerprints to disappear．

Eventually，the Singapore traveler made it into the United States．I guess the name on his passport didn't raise any red flags． But he'S also now got the explanatory doctor's note-and won't leave home_______(62)it．

By the way，maybe the Food and Drug Administration(美國食品藥物管理局)，____________(63)approved use of the drug 11 years ago，should consider updating its list of side effects _______(64)with this medicine．The current list does note that patients may experience vomiting(嘔吐)，stomach pain and some other side effects．But no where__________(65)it mention the potential for loss of fingerprints．

51．A．released B．suggested C．accepted D．detected

52．A．problem B．gap C．sickness D．secret

53．A．cut B．treat C．find D．smooth

54．A．diet B．exercise C．recovery D．drug

55．A．in B．for C．at D．from

56．A．different B．strange C．interesting D．distinctive

57．A．good B．side C．normal D．main

58．A．However B．Meanwhile C．Hence D．Yet

59．A．chance B．mark C．loss D．danger

60．A．reports B．discourage C．cautions D．praise

61．A．note B．name C．book D．number

62．A．on B．out C．without D．off

63．A．who B．when C．which D．where

64．A．collected B．copied C．associated D．tested

65．A．must B．does C．can D．should 2010年全國職稱英語理工類（B級）考試參考答案

第1部分：詞匯選項

1．A [解析]Patricia生氣的瞪著其他的女孩。resentment憤恨。如：He shows no resentment to anyone．他不怨恨任何人。anger憤怒。最符合題意。如：I cannot control mY anger．我無法控制自己的憤怒。doubt懷疑。如：There is no doubt that we will be successful．毫無疑問我們會成功。love愛。如：Love conquers all．愛能戰勝一切。surprise驚奇。如：What a pleasant surprise thing!多驚喜的事情呀!

2．A [解析]這一文件由衛生部擬寫。compile編輯、編寫。如：compile an encvclopedia編輯一本百科全書。write寫。最符合題目。如：He has written many books．他寫過很多書。print印刷。如：print the final copy of your essay打印作文的終稿。attach系，貼。如：attach a label to the product給商品貼上商標。send送。如：He sent her some flowers．他給她送了些花。

3．D [解析]他花費多年培養對藝術的學識。cultivate培養。如：I wiu cultivate the habit of laughter．我要培養笑的習慣。share分享。如：We used to share everything．我們曾經分享一切。use使用。如：use your mind動動腦子。deny否定。如：Can you deny the truth of his statement?你能否認他的聲明的真實性嗎?develop發展。最符合題意。如：develop a love for music培養對音樂的喜愛。

4．A [解析]在解決這些社會問題上我們看到了明顯的轉變。marked明顯的。如：marked increases明顯的增長。clear清晰的。最符合題意。如：a clear explanation清晰的解釋。regular規律的。如：regular heartbeats規律的心跳。quick迅速的。如：a quick answer迅速的回答。great偉大的。如：a great career偉大的事業。

5．A [解析]她的父親話語不多，舉止優雅。graceful優雅的。如：The dancer was light and graceful．舞者的舞姿輕盈優美。polite有禮貌的。最符合題意。如：a polite behavior有禮貌的行為。similar類似的。如：a word or phrase of similar meaning意義相近的詞或詞組。usual通常的。如：His speech followed the usual pattern．他按照通常的方式講話。bad壞的。如：a bad habit壞習慣。

6．A[解析]我想給兒子們提供體面的教育。decent體面的。如：decent clothes體面的服裝。good好的。最符合題意。如：good environment良好的環境。special特別的。如：This is a special occasion．這是一個特殊的場合。private隱私的。如：Fans are always curious about the singer's private life。歌迷總對歌星的私人生活感興趣。general普遍的。如：the general readers一般的讀者。

7． A[解析]在這個過程中，光能會轉換成熱能。convert轉換。如：convert iron to steel變鐵為鋼。change改變。最符合題意。如：change from an empty space to a busy area從空地變為繁華地區。reduce減少。如：reduce the consumption offuel減少燃料消耗。leave留下。如：He left the book on the desk．他把書留在桌上。drop掉落。如：A bottle dropped on the floor and smashed．瓶子落地摔碎了。

8． A[解析]許多城市限制在公共場合抽煙。restrict限制。如：The trees restrict our view．這些樹局限了我們的視野。limit限制。最符合題意。如：He must limit the number of cigarettes he smokes．他必須限制抽煙的數目。allow允許。如：Please allow me to express my warm welcome to our guests．請允許我向來客表示熱烈的歡迎。stop停止。如：Stop talking．別說話。keep保持。如：keep silence保持沉默。

9． C[解析]如果我留下，能有多大可能得到提拔?promotion升職。如：May I offer my congratulations on your promotion?請允許我為您的晉升向您道賀。retirement退休。如：Your retirement is really a great disappointment to me．您退休了，真是令我非常失望。advertisement廣告。如：This advertisement will capture the attention of TV audiences．這廣告將引起電視觀眾的注意。advancement晉升。最符合題意。如：His advancement to the position of manager was greeted with enthusiasm．他被提升為經理，大家都為之歡呼。replacement代替。如：They have got a replacement for him．他們把他替換下來。

10．D[解析]如果現在出發就能避免交通高峰。miss錯過。如：I missed breakfast this morning．今早我錯過了吃早飯。direct指揮。如：She directed the planning of the festival．她統管節日安排。stop停止。如：Stop talking．別說話。mix混合。如：Mix water and flour．將水和面粉混合。avoid避免。最符合題意。如：Avoid making any noise．避免制造任何噪音。

11．D[解析]他講完后有一陣意味深長的沉默。profound意義深遠的。如：What she has to say is very profound．她說的話很有意義。proud驕傲的。如：a proud winner驕傲的勝利者。short短暫的。如：a short journey短暫的旅行。sudden突然的。如：a sudden attack突襲。deep深刻的。最符合題意。如：a deep impression深刻的印象。

12．D[解析]我喜歡這出戲，它有巧妙的情節和風趣的對話。funny有趣的。如：a funny story有趣的故事。long長的。如：long hair長發。boring枯燥的。如：a boring person無聊的人。original最初的。如：Stick to the original plan．堅持原計劃。humorous幽默的。最符合題意。如：The film is humorous and moving．這部電影風趣又動人。

13．A [解析]賊最終在距村子兩英里的地方被抓住。capture捕獲。如：capture territories by force of arms爭城奪地。catch抓住。最符合題意。如：Early birds catch worms．早起的鳥兒有蟲吃。kill殺害。如：He was killed in a car accident．他喪命于一場車禍。find發現。如：Have you found your key?找到鑰匙了么?jail監禁。如：He was jailed last month．他上月被監禁。

14．C [解析]建立這樣的數據庫成本會非常高。set up建立。如：set up an organization成立一個組織。transfer轉移。如：He was transfefred to another department．他調到另一個部門了。destroy破壞。如：The houses were des~oyed in an earthquake．房屋在地震中毀壞。establish成立。最符合題意。如：His grandfather established the family business in 1920．他的祖父在1920年成立了這個家族企業。update更新。如：Have you updated the statistics in the report?你把報告中的數據更新了么?

15．A [解析]兩家銀行已宣布了明年合并的計劃。merge聯合。如：Rover is to merge with the BMW．羅佛要和寶馬公司合并。combine合并。最符合題意。如：combine theories with practical exI)eriences將實踐經驗和理論相結合。sell出售。如：How can you seU sueh an old car?t你怎樣能將這輛老車賣出去?close關閉。如：Close the door please．請關門。break打碎。如．break a vase打破花瓶。

第2部分：閱讀判斷

16．B [解析]本題給出的信息是錯誤的。原文是：“At least seven active fault lines run through the San FranciSCO area.”

17．C [解析]文章沒有談到這方面信息。文章只提到1906年地震破壞性大，沒說是最嚴重的。

18．A [解析]本題給出的信息是正確的。原文是：“During bigger quakes，baowever，ruptures can laappen at rates faster than 3.5 kilometers per secona．”由于1906年洛杉磯地震屬于大地震，因此本句“1906年洛杉礬地震斷層最高速度超過每秒3.5公里”是正確的。

19．B [解析]本題給出的信息是錯誤的。原文是：“Recorcls show that earthquakes were common before 1906．”

20．B [解析]本題給出的信息是錯誤的。原文是：“still，more than 84 percent of the city's buildings are old and weak．”既然大多數房屋不能抵擋地震，那么洛杉磯并沒有為地震的來臨做好準備。

21．C[解析]文章沒有談到這方面信息。

22．A[解析]本題給出的信息是正確的。原文是：“According to the new research，however，it's not a matter of'if the Big 0ne will hit'．It's just a matter of wllen．”既然問題是“地震什么時候會發生”，那么這一地震是無法避免的了。

參考譯文

大地震就要來了?

住在舊金山的人都知道海灣地區地震高發，而且具有毀壞性。例如1906年的地震毀壞了28000座建筑，讓成百上千的人喪命。現在這里的居民想知道下次“大地震”到來的時間，它在某天必定會發生。現在至少有七條活躍的斷層線穿過舊金山。斷層是地殼破裂面互相移動形成的。當這些破裂面滑動時地震就發生了。

為了迎接那一天，科學家用新技術重新分析1906年的地震，并估計下次地震有可能造成的破壞。

關于1906年地震的一個新發現是圣安德烈亞斯斷層分裂的速度比當時科學家認為的要快。小地震發生時斷層以每秒2．7公里的速度斷裂。然而在大地震時斷層斷裂速度每秒可超過3．5公里。

在如此高速下聚集了大量壓力，并產生比地震本身破壞性更強的地下波。洛杉磯算幸運的，1906年這些壓力脈沖游離了該城。盡管破壞很嚴重，但總算避免了更糟糕的后果。

展望未來，科學家在估計下次大地震什么時候發生。記錄顯示1906年前地震頻發。自此，地震相對減少。然而數據模式顯示2032年前一場大地震襲擊灣區的可能性至少有62％。

舊金山的新建筑即使在地震中也是完全安全的，但城里超過84％的舊建筑仍是不堅固的。分析家暗示再來一次大地震會造成大面積破壞。

居民覺得住在舊金山是安全的，因為很長一段時間來都很平靜。然而根據新的研究，問題已不再是“是否將會發生大地震”，而是“什么時候它會來”。

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

23．A [解析]本題考查的是對所讀材料大意與主旨的掌握。本段中心意思是天然氣被廣泛應用以及各種用途。

24．D[解析]本題考查的是對所讀材料大意與主旨的掌握。本段中心意思是天然氣是現有能源中最安全和最干凈的。

25．F[解析]本題考查的是對所讀材料大意與主旨的掌握。本段中心意思是美國消費天然氣的情況。

26．B [解析]本題考查的是對所讀材料大意與主旨的掌握。本段中心意思是世界上天然氣的儲存和供應情況。

27．B [解析]本題考查的是對闡述文章的主旨事實與細節的了解。依據是第一段的第一句“Natural gas is procduced from reserVoirs deep beneath the earth's SUTface．”

28．F [解析]本題考查的是對闡述文章的主旨事實與細節的了解。依據是第二段的第四句“In fact，natural gas is the most economical source for llome energy neecls，costing one-third as mueh as electricity”．

29．E [解析]本題考查的是對闡述文章的主旨事實與細節的了解。依據是第二段的第五句話“In addition to heating homes，much of the gas usecl in the United States is usecl as a raw material to mamrflacture a wide variety of products，from paint，to fibers for clothing，to plastics for healtlacare，computing ancl fumishings．”

30．C [解析]本題考查的是對闡述文章的主旨事實與細節的了解。依據是第四段的最后一句“The U.S.Department 0f Energy's Energy Information Administration forecasts that natural gas demancl will grow by more tllan 50 percent by 2025.”

參考譯文

天然氣

天然氣深深儲藏在地球表面下方，它屬于礦物燃料，是埋藏在地球上百萬年的有機物產生的。天然氣的主要構成是甲烷。

過去50多年，隨著管道基礎建設能將氣體便利、經濟的輸送到世界各地的居住區、商業和工業用戶，天然氣受歡迎程度和使用迅速增長。如今全美50州都有天然氣服務，并且是美國家庭和工業燃料首選。超過6500萬美國家庭使用天然氣。事實上，天然氣是最經濟的家庭能源的來源，費用是電的1/3。除了家庭取暖，美國許多天然氣被用作原材料，生產從油漆到服裝纖維、保健用塑料制品、計算設備和家具等多種產品。天然氣也被用在許多新的發電廠。

天然氣是現有能源中最安全和最干凈的。它釋放的污染小于其他礦物燃料。天然氣燃燒時主要產生二氧化碳和水蒸氣--與人呼氣產生的物質相同。與其他礦物燃料相比，天然氣燃燒時釋放到空氣中的二氧化碳最少，因此它是最潔凈的燃燒礦物燃料。燃料的生產和分配必須按照聯邦政府的規定，這樣能確保向消費者提供安全干凈的服務。

美國消費世界天然氣出產量的三分之一，是世界上最大的天然氣消費地區。美國能源部的能源信息行政部門預計天然氣需求量到2025年會增長超過50％。

地表下有大量的天然氣儲存。最大的天然氣儲存在俄羅斯、西非、北非和中東。過去的四十多年美國同時本土生產和進口液化天然氣。現在進口液化氣的國家主要有日本、韓國、法國和西班牙。

第4部分：閱讀理解

第一篇

31．C [解析]本題是細節考查題。題目是老年人經常運動有助于以下哪項。原文是第二段“對老年人的新研究顯示經常運動能讓老年更集中精力”。選項A“減肥”；選項B“更愉快”；選項C“精力更集中”；選項D“顯得年輕”。因此只能選C。

32．C [解析]本題是細節考查題。原文是第三段“以前的研究證明老鼠在輪子上奔跑數周后它們的學習、記憶和集中程度都有所提高。運動的老鼠大腦中的血液流量大于不運動的，而它們腦細胞的聯系也更頻繁。”選項A“更高的血壓”；選項B“更快的心跳”；選項C“有更多血液流經大腦”；選項D“更好的外表”。因此只能選C。

33．B[解析]本題是細節考查題。原文是第五段“研究員發現身體健康的成年人完成箭頭測試的速度更快，他們的答案和身體狀況不佳的參加者一樣準確。”選項A“身體狀況不佳的參賽者完成箭頭測試更快”；選項B“身體健康的參賽者完成箭頭測試的速度更快”；選項C“身體狀況不佳的參賽者在箭頭測試中答案更準確”；選項D“身體健康的參賽者在箭頭測試中答案更準確”。因此只能選B。

34．D [解析]本題是細節考查題。原文是第七段“因此每兩到三天僅僅出去散步10到45分鐘都會對健康有益。”因此只能選D。

35．B[解析]本題是細節考查題。原文是最后一段“不管你怎么做都不要一邊走路一邊讀書，你有可能傷到自己的哦”。選項A“一周跑一次步”；選項B“不要同時走路和讀書”與原文內容一致；選項C“每天散步”；選項D“運動時不要傷著朋友”。因此答案選B“。

參考譯文

步行健腦

你認為整日坐著學習就可以提高成績么?想想吧。做做運動或許也有效呢。

對老年人的新研究顯示經常運動能讓老年人更集中精力。

以前的研究證明老鼠在輪子上奔跑數周后它們的學習、記憶和集中程度都有所提高。運動的老鼠大腦中的血液流量大于不運動的，而它們腦細胞的聯系也更頻繁。

來自Urbana-Champaign大學的神經學家想要知道是否人類也會有同樣的情況。首先，他們測量了41位58歲到77歲的成年人行走1英里后的健康狀況。然后讓這4l位參加者觀看電腦屏幕上的箭頭，用電腦操縱鍵指出箭頭指向哪里。

研究員發現身體健康的成年人完成箭頭測試的速度更快，他們的答案和身體狀況不佳的參加者一樣準確。有更多的血液流向健康參加者大腦中控制注意力和做決定的部分。

第二項試驗中，已完成了一個六個月有氧訓練課程的老年人在注意力測試中比另外14位只是做過同樣時間的伸展和肌肉鍛煉的老年人要更快。

因此每兩到三天僅僅出去散步10到45分鐘都會對健康有益。這對你的祖父母來說是個好消息。

運動對年輕人大腦的作用尚未有研究。不過，偶爾放下學習，和朋友們散散步、跑一跑還是有好處的。或許對學習大有裨益。

不管你怎么做都不要一邊走路一邊讀書，你有可能傷到自己的哦。

第二篇

36．C [解析]本題是細節考查題。原文在第二段”加州大學科學家周東環發現阿根廷螞蟻的身體能向外釋放一種化學物質告訴同伴：'我死了，把我挪走吧。'“選項A”含有毒物質的化學品“與原文不符；選項B”導致死亡的化學物質“與原文不符；選項C”宣布死亡的化學物質“，符合原文；選項D”阻止死亡的化學物質“與原文不符，因此只能選C。

37．C [解析]本題是細節考查題。選項A”螞蟻們很快知道有同伴死了“符合原文內容：選項B”當有螞蟻死了，其他同伴把它的尸體挪出蟻穴“符合原文內容；選項C”有螞蟻昏迷了，它會被拖出蟻穴“不符合原文內容，符合選項要求；選項D”活螞蟻身上有'我活著'化學物質“，與原文相符。因此只能選C。

38．D[解析]本題是細節考查題。選項A”螞蟻死后氣味依然和活著時一樣“與原文不符；選項B”'我已死'化學物在螞蟻死后會消失“與原文不符；選項C”螞蟻死后，'我還沒死'化學物質留在尸體上“與原文不符；選項D”'我沒死'化學物質在螞蟻死后會消失“與原文相符。因此只能選D．

39．B [解析]本題是閱讀理解能力考查題。周的假設是當其他螞蟻監測到”我沒死“化學物質消失了，而只有”我死了“物質，它們就將尸體拖走。而實驗結果是當科學家用”我已死“化學物質時，螞蟻們立刻將處理過的蛹拉走。當科學家使用”等等，我還沒死“這一化學物質時，其他螞蟻并不碰這個蛹。結果證明了周假設的正確性。選項A”他的假設是錯誤的“，不符合原文；選項B”他的假設有說服力“，符合原文；選項C”他的假設需要修改“，不符合原文；選項D”他沒有發現有力的證據證明這一假設“，與原文不符。所以只能選B。

40．D [解析]本題是閱讀綜合理解能力考查題。選項A”一只螞蟻怎樣被移出蟻穴“不是文章主旨；選項B”螞蟻在晚上做什么“不是文章主旨；選項C”螞蟻如何在黑暗中找到路“不是文章主旨；選項D”螞蟻死后會發生什么“符合文章內容。因此只能選D。

參考譯文

螞蟻的死亡

一只螞蟻死后，別的螞蟻會把它挪出蟻穴。科學家認為這一現象很有趣，他們想知道螞蟻們如何迅速準確地得知有只同伴死了。

加州大學科學家周東環發現阿根廷螞蟻的身體能向外釋放一種化學物質告訴同伴：”我死了，把我挪走吧。“

讓周東環在研究中疑惑不解的是螞蟻都像僵尸一般，不僅是死螞蟻，活的螞蟻也有這種死亡化學物質。換句話說，當一只螞蟻在餐廳或家中爬行時，它就在告訴同伴他死了。

是什么令螞蟻們并沒有拖走活著的同伴?周發現阿根廷螞蟻身體上有兩種化學物質，這些物質能向周圍的螞蟻傳達諸如”等等，我還沒死呢“這樣的信息。因此，周的研究發現了兩種化學物質信號。一種說明”我死了“，另一種說”我還沒死呢“。

其他科學家也試圖發現螞蟻如何知道一個同伴已經死去。如果一個螞蟻昏迷了，其他螞蟻能在它醒過來前不碰它。這意味著螞蟻們知道沒有動的同伴有可能仍然活著。

周指出，當一只阿根廷螞蟻死后，發出”等等，我還沒死呢“這一信號的化學物質立刻消失。一旦這種物質消失，就只有發出”我死了“的化學物質。周說，”這是因為死去的螞蟻散發的味道不同于活著的螞蟻，因而應該被帶到墳墓去了。并不是因為螞蟻在死后產生新化學物質。“當其他螞蟻監測到”我沒死“化學物質消失了，而只有”我死了“物質，它們就將尸體拖走。這是周的假設。

為了證明這一假設，周和他的團隊將不同的化學物質涂在阿根廷螞蟻的蛹上。當科學家用”我已死“化學物質時，螞蟻們立刻將處理過的蛹拉走。當科學家使用”等等，我還沒死“這一化學物質時，其他螞蟻并不碰這個蛹。周認為這一行為說明螞蟻選擇時，”還沒死“物質要優先于”死亡“物質。而且當一只螞蟻死后，”還沒死“化學物質逐漸消失。其他周圍的螞蟻才感覺到”死亡“物質，并將尸體拖離蟻穴。

第三篇

41．C[解析]本題是細節考查題。冰人尸體被發現的原因在文章的第一段提到。選項A”兩個德國人正在爬山“；選項B”他剛好在一個山口上“；選項C”融化的冰將他暴露出來“；選項D”他躺在冰上“。因此只能選C。

42．A[解析]本題是閱讀理解能力考查題。能從第二段推斷出的是以下哪項?選項A ”冰人有可能死于頭部傷口“；選項B”冰人背后受襲擊而致死“；選項c”冰人工作時被殺害“；選項D”冰人生活貧困“。原文是”它面朝下，除了頭部有傷外，骨架狀況很好“，僅就此推斷，冰人可能死于頭部傷，因此答案是A。

43．B [解析]本題是細節考查題。原題是下列哪項不屬于人們對冰人作出的種種猜測。原文在第三段。選項A”他是一戰時期的士兵“；選項C”他是一位瑞士婦女失蹤多年的父親“；選項D”他大約一千年前出生“均在該段中有所提及。選項B”他來自意大利“在文章中沒有出現。因此答案是B。

44．C [解析]本題是細節考查題。原題是科學家對冰人的推論是什么。原文在第四段。選項A”他的肩膀被箭頭刺傷“是事實而非推論；選項B”皮膚上的小孔導致他的死亡“不符合事實；選項C”有可能參與過戰斗“是推論；選項D”頭后部有傷口“是事實而非推論因此只能選C。

45．A [解析]本題是閱讀理解能力考察題。第四段”bandits“是什么意思?選項A”強盜“；選項B”射擊手“；選項C”士兵“；選項D”獵人“。只有選項A與其他三項意義相距甚遠。因此只能選A。

參考譯文

冰人

1991年九月的一天，兩位德國人正在攀登奧地利和意大利之間的山脈。爬到一個山口它們發現了一具躺在冰上的尸體。在這樣的高度(10499英尺或3200米)，冰通常是常年不化的。但是1991年是特別暖的一年，山上的冰比從前消融的迅速，所以尸體才顯露出來。

他面朝下，除了頭部有傷外，骨架狀況很好。骨頭上依然有皮膚和殘余的衣物。尸體雙手仍然握著斧頭的木柄，雙腳穿著簡單的由皮革和布料做的靴子，他附近有樹皮做的一雙手套和一個箭筒。

他是誰?他在什么時候怎樣死去的?人人的解釋都不同。有人認為他就是本世紀的人，有可能是一戰時期陣亡的士兵，因為在這附近已經有士兵被發現了。一位瑞士婦女相信他是自己二十年前在這些山脈間去世的父親，他的遺體一直沒有被找到。趕去查看的科學家認為這一尸體可能更久遠，它甚至有一千歲了。

科學家們運用最新的年代確定技術很快獲悉這一冰人已有大約5300歲了。他大約出生在公元前3300年，生活在歐洲的青銅器時代。起初科學家們認為他有可能在高山間打獵時出事故而身亡。然而最近的一些證據顯示不同。新型的X光表明他的肩膀上仍有一個箭頭，皮膚上只有一個小孔，但卻導致內部損傷和失血。幾乎可以肯定他死于這個傷，而不是腦后的傷口。這說明他有可能參與過戰爭。這場戰爭有可能是大型戰爭的一部分或者其間他和強盜博斗過，甚至他本人就可能是強盜。

通過研究他的衣服和工具，科學家們就已經知道有關冰人生活的時代的很多內容。我們有可能永遠無法知道他死亡的真相，但是他給我們提供了了解那個遠古時代的重要線索。

第5部分：補全短文

46．A [解析]本題考查的是對上下文之間意義關系的理解和對文章細節的把握。上一句說到”他允許他們自己制定薪水，但會削減他認為不必要的，比如像接待員和秘書這樣的工作“，而下一句應該解釋這種做法的原因。選項A說明”這樣可以減少開支，并給公司帶來更多平等“，與上下文聯系最緊密，因此選A。

47．C [解析]本題考查的是對段落主旨的理解和對文章細節的把握。本段主要講semler如何改造公司的外表，而選項中只有C提到這方面的內容，”員工可以隨意裝飾自己的工作空間“放在這里是和前后兩句話的并列。因此選C。

48．B [解析]本題考查的是對上下文之間意義關系的理解和對文章細節的把握。上一句說到”但如果Semco在地球另一端的油泵壞了，上百萬加侖的油即將注入大海時，Robin就會立刻跳起來行動“，下一句需要說到Robin怎樣行動，因此選項B”他了解關于我們公司油泵的任何事情，并能修理“最符合題目要求。

49．F [解析]本題考查的是對段落主旨的理解和對文章細節的把握。這一段講述了Semco給予員工的自由，而選項中只有F”Semco也允許員工用公司的機器做自己的項目，并且一年至少能休假30天“與此內容相關，因此選F。

50．E [解析]本題考查的是對上下文之間意義關系的理解。上一句說到同伴的壓力讓員工努力為他人工作，而下一句應具體解釋這種壓力如何發揮作用。選項E”如果有人表現不好。其他人會制止這一局面“延續了這一句的內容。因此選E。

參考譯文

Semeo

Ricardo Semler 21歲就做了父親在巴西的公司Semco的老板，該公司出售輪船部件。小semler是個工作狂，每天從早上七點半工作至深夜。一天下午，他在紐約參觀工廠時暈倒了，治療醫生說：”你身體沒有什么毛病，但你若一直這樣工作，你會長期待在醫院的。“semler聽從了醫生的話。他改變了自己的工作方式，事實上也改變了員工的工作方式。

他讓員工擔負更多責任，讓他們為事情偏離軌道而擔憂。他允許他們自己制定薪水，并且削減他認為不必要的，比如像接待員和秘書這樣的工作。這樣可以減少開支，并給公司帶來更多平等。Semco的每個人，甚至高管都要自己接待客人、復印、發傳真、打字和打電話。

他完全改造了semco：辦公室沒有墻，而是植物，因此老板不能與其他人隔開。員工可以隨意裝飾自己的工作空間。制服方面，則有人穿西裝，有人穿體恤。

Semler說：”我們有個坐在那里看幾個小時報紙的銷售經理，叫Rubin Agater。他甚至不用去裝著很忙碌的樣子。但如果Semco在地球另一端的油泵壞了，上百萬加侖的油即將注入大海時，Robin就會立刻跳起來行動。他了解關于我們公司油泵的任何事情，并能修理。那就是他掙工資的時候。別人并不關心其他時間他是否看上去忙忙碌碌。“

Semco有彈性工作時間：員工自己決定什么時候來上班，并且一年要兩次評估老板。Semco也允許員工用公司的機器做自己的項目，并且一年至少能休假30天。

聽上去很好?但這一切都起作用了么?答案在數字中：在過去的六年里，Semco的收入從三千五百萬美元上升到兩億一千二百萬美元。公司員工數量從八百增長到三千。為什么會發生這一切?

Semler認為這是因為”同伴的壓力“。同伴的壓力讓員工努力為他人工作。如果有人表現不好，其他人會制止這一局面。換句話說，Ricardo semler給員工以成人的待遇，并希望他們有成人的行為。他們都做到了。

第6部分：完形填空

51．A[解析]release公布；suggest建議；accept接受；detect探測。根據下文內容，這里應該是”一個被腫瘤學年報在網上公布的信件“，因此選A。

52．A [解析]problem問題；g印間隙；sickness疾病；secret秘密。根據下文內容，這里應該是”失去指紋會帶來多大麻煩“，因此選A。

53．B[解析]cut裁剪；treat治療；find發現；smooth磨光。本句意思是”一個新加坡籍的醫學博士描述了用卡培他濱治療一位患鼻咽癌的62歲老人的經歷“。因此選B。

54．D [解析]diet飲食；exercise鍛煉；recovery康復；drug藥品，最符合題意。本句意思是”經過這個藥物三年的治療后“。因此選D。

55．B [解析]介詞for在這里指”持續……時間“。本句意思是”他被美國海關人員攔截了4小時之久“。因此選B。

56．D [解析]different不同的；strange奇怪的；interesting有趣的；distinctive獨特的，最符合題意，指人手指上特有的旋渦狀的指紋。本句意思是”因為在他的食指上沒有獨特的旋渦狀的指紋標記“。因此選D。

57．B [解析]本題考查詞組side effect副作用。Good好的；normal正常的；main主要的。本句意思是”藥物治療的一個潛在的副作用就是會使指尖上的肉墊組織變光滑“。因此選B。

58．C[解析]however但是，表示轉折；meanwhile同時；hence因此，后面可以直接跟名詞而獨立成句，如：I fell off my bike yesterday hence the bruises．我昨天騎自行車摔倒了，所以青一塊、紫一塊的；yet仍然，還。本句意思為”藥物治療的一個潛在的副作用就是會使指尖上的肉墊組織變光滑，因此會沒有指紋“。因此選C。

59．C [解析]chance機會；mark記號；loss消失；danger危險。本句的意思是”對于服用卡培他濱的病人來說，指紋何時會消失是不確定的“。因此選C。

60．C[解析]reporl報告；discourage使氣餒；caution警告；praise贊美。本句意思是”所以他警告每位醫師在給病人開藥時要給病人開具他們的藥物可能會使指紋消失的證明單“。因此選C。

61．A [解析]note票據，單子；name姓名；book書本；number數字。本句意思是”給病人開具他們的藥物可能會使指紋消失的證明單“。因此選A。

62．C [解析]本句意思是”但是他同樣要帶有醫師開的證明單--并且要隨身攜帶“。因此只能選C，withour。

63．C[解析]本句需要選一個關系代詞引導非限定定語從句，并做定語從句的主語，因此只能選C，which。本句意思是”美國食品和藥物局已經準許這一藥物的使用有11年之久了“。

64．C [解析]collect收集；copy模仿；associate聯系；test測驗。本句意思是”應該考慮更新與該藥物有關的副作用清單“。

65．B [解析]本句是時間狀語no w}lere提前構成的部分倒裝句，謂語要由助動詞does放在主語前。本句意思是”但是卻沒有提及失去指紋的潛在危險。“因此選B。

參考譯文

指紋消失事件

一種非常有效的抗癌藥物能夠清除籮狀指紋和其他使指紋與眾不同的標志。失去指紋可是會有很大麻煩。一封被腫瘤學年報在網上公布的信件說明了失去指紋會帶來多大麻煩。

Eng-Huat ran，一個新加坡籍的醫學博士描述了用卡培他濱治療一位患鼻咽癌的62歲老人的經歷。經過這個藥物三年的治療后，這位病人去年十二月份決定去美國拜訪親戚。在他進入這個國家后，他被美國海關人員攔截了4小時之久，因為這些官員無法從他身上獲取指紋。在他的食指上沒有獨特的旋渦狀的指紋標記。

”美國海關數年以來一直都會采集來訪外國人的指紋，“Tan說：”不幸的是，對于這位新加坡旅行者來說，藥物治療的一個潛在的副作用就是會使指尖上的肉墊組織變光滑，因此會沒有指紋。“

”對于服用卡培他濱的病人來說，指紋何時會消失是不確定的，“Tan指出。所以他警告每位醫師在給病人開藥時要給病人開具他們的藥物可能會使指紋消失的證明單。

最終，那位新加坡旅客終于進入了美國。我猜想他護照上的名字沒有帶有任何危險信號。但是他同樣要帶有醫師開的證明單--并且要隨身攜帶。

順便提一下，美國食品藥物管理局已經準許這一藥物的使用有11年之久了，應該考慮更新與該藥物有關的副作用清單。現有的副作用清單中確實列出病人會經歷嘔吐、胃痛和其他副作用，但是卻沒有提及失去指紋的潛在危險。

2011年全國專業技術人員職稱英語等級考試試卷

理工類B級

第1部分：詞匯選項（第1-15題，每題1分，共15分）

下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。Marsha confessed that she know nothing of computer.A reported

B hoped

C answered

D admitted We need to extract the relevant financial data.A store

B save

C review

D obtain Mr.Henley has accelerated his sale of shares over the past year.A held B increased

C expected D

offered The police believe the motive for the murder was jealousy.A choice

B idea

C decision

D reason The high-speed trains can have major impact on our lives

A effort

B influence

C problem D concern His shoes were shinedto perfection.A cleared B washed

C mended D polished We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference.A offered

B included

C accepted

D investigated The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.A continuous

B relative

C general

D sharp Anderson left the table，remarking that he had some work to do.A saying

B

doubting

C thinking

D knowing We have to act within the existing legal framework.A limit

B

system

C procedure D status She always finds fault with everything.A simplifies

B

evaluates

C examines

D criticizes The view from my bedroom window was absolutely spectacular.A magnificent B

general

C traditional

D strong At that time，we did not fully graspthe significance of what had happened.A give

B

understand

C attach

D lose They converted the spare bedroom into an office.A turned

B reduced

C moved

D reformed Jane said that she couldn't tolerate the long hours.A spend

B take

C last

D stand

第2部分：閱讀判斷（第16-22題，每題1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C.Lakes, Too, Feel Global Warming

There's no doubt: In the last few decades, the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it's been in hundreds of years.Around the world, people are starting to measure the effects of global warmingby an average of about 0.045 degree Celsius per year.In some places, lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year.At that rate, a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius, or 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit, in just 10 years.That difference may seem smalla large amount even by today's standards.Lindbergh knew he had the skills to complete the flight, but not just any plane was capable of flying that far for that long.____(49)

On May 20, 1927, Charles Lindbergh took off from Roosevelt Field in New York City and arrived the next day at an airstrip(簡易機場)outside Paris.Named in honor of the sponsor, The Spirit of St.Louis carried Lindbergh across the Atlantic Ocean and into the record books.He became a national hero and a huge celebrity.When he returned to the United States, Lindbergh rode in a ticker-tape(熱烈的)parade held to celebrate his accomplishment.was even named for Charles Lindbergh-the kept at the Smithsonian Institute's National Air ____(50)A very popular dance Lindy Hop.Today, The Spirit of St.Louis is and Space Museum in Washington, D.C.A Eighty years' ago, radio and movies were just beginning to have that kind of effect on Americans.B Working with an aviation company from San Diego, California, and with financial help from the city of St.Louis, Lindbergh got a customized(定制的)airplane that could make the journey.C He also received a Medal of Honor, the highest United States military decoration.D He quit school and moved to Nebraska where he-learned to be a pilot.E His childhood was not full of fond memories.F Lindbergh used this additional training to get a job as an airmail pilot, flying out of St Louis, Missouri.第6部分：完形填空（第51-65題，每題1分，共15分）

下面的短文有15處空白，請根據短文內容為每處空白確定1個最佳選項。

Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in Teens

While some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to ”self-medicate“ against the blues, scientists at the University of Toronto1 and the University of Montreal have found that smoking may actually(51)depressive symptoms in some teens.”This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived(52)benefits of smoking among teens,“ says lead researcher Michael Chaiton, a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto.”(53)cigarettes may appear to have self-medicating effects or to improve mood, in the long 54 we found that teens who started to smoke reported5 higher depressive symptoms.“

As part of the study，some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires about their use of cigarettes to(55)mood．Secondary schools were selected to provide a mix of French and English participants, urban and rural schools, and schools 56 in high, moderate and low socioeconomic neighbourhoods6．

Participants were divided into three(57): never smokers;smokers who did not use cigarettes to self-medicate, improve mood or physical(58);smokers who used cigarettes to self-medicate.Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how felt too fired to do things: had(59)going to sleep or staying asleep;felt unhappy，sad.or depressed;felt hopeless about the future；felt vexed, antsy or tense;and worried too much about things.”Smokers who used cigarettes as mood(60)had higher risks of elevated depressive symptoms(61)teens who had never smoked,“ says co-researcher Jennifer 0'Loughlin，a professor at the University of Montreal Department of Social and Preventive Medicine．”0ur study found that teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are(62)higher risk of depressive symptoms.“

The(63)between depression and smoking exists(64)among teens that use cigarettes to feel better.” It's(65)to emphasize that depressive symptom scores8 were higher among teenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke," says Dr.Chaiton．

51．A diagnose B increase C examine D treat

52．A financial B material C emotional D political

53．A Whatever B Although C Since D If

54．A road B term C journey D distance

55．A affect B judge C lead D study

56．A located B moved C exposed D mixed

57．A groups B sets C species D versions

58．A beauty B state C world D activity

59．A time B courage C trouble D energy

60．A tellers B improvers C creators D designers

61．A not B than C but D that

62．A at B in C about D without

63．A association B cooperation C difference D agreement

64．A probably B principally C occasionally D scarcely

65．A important B meaningless C illogical D friendly

參考答案：

第1 部分：詞匯選項 A2 D3 B 4 D 5 C 6 D7 C 8 A9 A 10 B 11 D12 A 13 B 14 C15 D 第2 部分：閱讀判斷 B17 B 18 C19 A 20 A 21 B 22 C 第3 部分：概括大意與完成句子 F24 C 25 E 26 D 27 F28 A 29 C 30 B 第4 部分：閱讀理解

D 32 C 33 A 34 A35 B 36 B37 D38 C39 C40 A41 C 42 D 43 C 44 D45 C 第5 部分：補金短文 46 A 47 D48 F49 B 50 C 第6 部分：完形填空

B 52 C53 B 54 B 55 A 56 A 57 A 58 B 59 C 60 B61 B 62 A 63 A64 B 65 A

第五篇：2013年職稱英語考試綜合A級押題

2013年職稱英語考試綜合A級精準押題（綜合類A級）

第1部分：詞匯選項（第1~15題，每題1分，共15分）

下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。

1.The news will horrify everyone.A.attract B.terrify C.tempt D.excite

2.The article sketched the major events of the decade.A.described B.offered C.outlined D.presented

3.I won't tolerate that kind of behavior.A.bear B.accept C.admit D.take

4.Their style of playing football is utterly different.A.barely B.scarcely C.hardly D.totally

5.Her sister urged her to apply for the job.A.advised B.caused C.forced D.promised

6.Even sensible men do absurd things.A.unusual B.ridiculous C.special D.typical

7.She bumped inot her boyfriend in town this morning.A.walked B.came C.fled D.ran

8.This sort of thing is bound to happen.A.sure B.quick C.fast D.swift

9.At the age of 30,Hersey suddenly became a celebrity.A.boss B.manager C.star D.dictator

10.He cannot discriminate between a good idea and a bad one.A.judge B.assess C.distinguish D.recognize

11.They are concerned for the fate of the forest and the lndians who dwell in it.A.liveB.sleep C.hide D.gather

12.The index is the government's chief gauge of future economic activity.A.method B.measure C.way D.manner

13.The architecture is harmonious and no building is over six-storey high.A.old-fashioned B.traditional C.conventional D.balanced

14.The food is inadequate for ten people.A.demanded B.qualified C.insufficient D.required

15.She persevered in her ideas despite obvious objections raised by friends.A.persisted B.insisted C.resisted D.suggested

第2部分：閱讀判斷（第16~22題，第題1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C.Creating a World without Smoking

Smoking will be banned in all pubs,clubs and workplaces from next year affter historic votes in the Commons last night.After last-minute appeals from health campaigners,MPs opted for a blanket prohibition which will start in summer 2007,ending months of argumeng over whether smokers should be barred in pubs and restaurants only.They voted to ban smoking in all pubs and clubs by 384 to 184,a surprisingly large majority of 200.Smoking will still be allowed in the home and in places considered to be homes,such as prisons,care homes and hotels.Smokers lighting up in banned areas will face a fixed penality notice of ￡50 and spot fines of ￡200 will be introduced for failing to display no-smoking signs,with the possible penalty,if the issue goes to court,increasing to ￡1,000.Carpline Flint,the Public Health Minister,also announced that the fine for failing to stop people smoking in banned areas would be increased to ￡2,500-more than ten times the ￡200 originally proposed.The Bill also allows the Government to increase the age for buying cigarettes.Ministers will consult on raising it from 16 to 18.The Bill now goes to the Lords but will be through by the summer recess.Even a plan to allow smoking to continue in private clubs was thrown out as MPs on all sides were given permission to vote with their conscience rather than on a party line.Patricia Hewitt,the Health Secretary,said the Health Bill would ban smoking in“virtually every enclosed public place and workplace”in England and save thousands of lives a year.Smoke-free workplaces and public places“will become the norm”.She said:“An additional 600,000 people will give up smoking as a result of this law and millions more will be protected from second-hand smoke.”

Peter Hollins,director-general of the British Heart Foundation,said:“The vote is a landmark victory for the public health of this country and will save the lives of many people.”

16.A ban on smoking in all pubs,clubs and workplaces will begin in summer 2007.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

17.The law doesn't seem to apply to officials.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

18.One can nevertheless smoke at home.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

19.There is a possibility for the Government to raise the age for buying cigarettes.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

20.The Government will shut down cigarette factories in large numbers.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

21.The Government will definitely impose a much heavier tax on tobacco.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

22.The Government will take necessary measures to help smokers give up smoking.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子（第23~30題，每題1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2項測試任務：（1）第23~26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2~5段每段選擇1個最佳標題；（2）第27~30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最佳選項。

Things to Know about the UK

1From Buckingham Palace to Oxford,the UK is loaded with wonderful icons（標志）of past eras.But it has also modernized with confidence.It's now better known for vibrant（充滿活力的）cities with great nightlife and attraction.Fashions,fine dining,clubbing,shopping-the UK is among the world's best.2Most people have strong preconceptions about the British.But if you're one of these people,you'd be wise to abandon those ideas.Visit a nightclub in one of the big cities,a football match,or a good local pub and you might more readily describe the English people as humorous and hospitable.It's certainly true that no other country in the world has more bird-watchers,sports supporters,pet owners and gardeners than the UK.3Getting around England is pretty easy.Budget（廉價的）airlines like Easyjet and Rynnair fly domestically.Trains can deliver you very efficiently from one major city to another.Long distance express buses are called coaches.Where coaches and buses run on the same route,coaches are more expensive（though quicker）than buses.London's famous black cabs are excellent but expensive.Minicabs are cheaper competitors,with freelance（個體的）drivers.But usually you need to give a call first.London's underground is called the Tube.It's very convenient and can get you to almost any part of the city.4The UK is not famous for its food.But you still need to know some of the traditional English foods.The most famous must be fish and chips.The fish and chips are deep fried in flour.English breakfast is something you need to try.It is fried bacon,sausages,fried eggs,black pudding,fried tomatoes,fried bread and baked beans,with toast and a pot of tea.Other things like shepherd's pie and Yorkshire pudding are also well-known as a part of English food culture.5Pubbing and clubbing are the main forms of English nightlife,especially for the young.Pubbing means going to a pub with friends,having drinks,and chatting.Clubbing is different from pubbing and includes going to a pub,or a place of music,or a bar,or any other places to gather with friends.Clubbing can be found everywhere.Usually there is some kind of dress code for clubbing,such as no jeans,no sportswear,or smart clubwear,while pubbing is much more casual.23.Paragraph 2 24.Paragraph 3 25.Paragraph 4 26.Paragraph 5 A Education B People C Transport D Drinks E Food F Nightlife

....4

27.The UK is a country that is.28.The British people are.29.Coaches in the UK are.30.Fish and chips are.A faster but more expensive than buses B both ancient and modern C humorous and hospitable D cheap and efficient E traditional and famous F clever and hardworking

第4部分：閱讀理解（第31~45題，每題3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據短文內容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。

第一篇

Trying to Find a Parther

One of the most striking findings of a recent poll in the UK is that of the people inbterviewed,one in two believes that it is becoming more difficult to meet someone to start a family with.Why are many finding it increasingly difficult to start and sustain intimate relationships?Does modern life really make it harder to fall in love?Or are we making it harder for ourselves?

It is certainly the case today that contemporary couples benefit in different ways from relationships.Women no longer rely upon partners for economic security or status.A man doesn't expect his spouse to be in sole charge of running his household and raising his children.But perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means that it takes much more to persuade people to abandon their independence.In theory,finding a partner should be much simpler these days.Only a few generations ago,your choice of soulmate（心上人）was constrained by geography,social convention and family tradition.Although it was never explicit,many marriages were essentially arranged.Now those barriers have been broken down.You can approach a builder or a brain surgeon in any bar in any city on any given evening.When the world is your oyster（牡蠣）,you surely have a better chance of finding a pearl.But it seems that the old conventions have been replaced by an even tighter constraint:the tyranny of choice.The expectations of partners are inflated to an unmanageable degree:good looks,impressive salary,kind to grandmother,and right socks.There is no room for error in the first impression.5

We think that a relationship can be perfect.If it isn't,it is disposable.We work to protect ourselves against future heartache and don't put in the hard emotional labor needed to build a strong relationship.Of course,this is complicated by realities.The cost of housing and child-rearing creates pressure to have a stable income and career before a life partnership.31.What does the recent poll show? A.It is getting more difficult for a woman to find her husband.B.It is getting increasingly difficult to start a familyl.C.It is getting more difficult for a man to find his wife.D.It is getting increasingly difficult to develop an intimate relationship with your spouse.32.Which of the following is NOT true about a contemporary married couple? A.The wife doesn't have to raise the children all by herself.B.The husband doesn't have to support the family all by himself.C.The wife is no longer the only person to manage the household.D.They will receive a large sum of money from the govemment.33.Which of the following was NOT a constraint on one's choice of soulmate in the old days? A.The health condition of his or her grandmother.B.The geographical environment.C.The social convention.D.The family tradition.34.Which of the following is NOT expected of a partner according to this passage? A.Good looks.B.An impressive career.C.A high salary.D.A fine sense of humor.35.The word“sustain”（paragraph 2）could be best replaced by A.“reduce”.B.“shake”.C.“maintain”.D.“weaken”.第二篇

Milosevic's Death

Former Yugoslav leader Slobodan Milosevic was found dead last Saturday in his cell at the Hague-based International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.The 64-year-old had been on trial there since February 2002.Born in provincial Pozarevac in 1941,he was the second son of a priest and a school teacher.Both of his parents died when he was still a young adult.The young Milosevic was“untypical”,says Slavoljub Djukic,his unofficial biographer.He was“not interested in sports,avoided excursions（短途旅行）and used to come to school dressed in the old-fashioned way-white shirt and tie.”One of his old friends said,he could“imagine him as a station-master or punctilious（一絲不茍的）civil servant.”

Indeed that is exactly what he might have become,had he not married Mira.She was widely believed to be his driving force.At university and beyond he did well.He worked for various firms and was a communist party member.By 1986 he was head of Serbia's Central Committee.But still he had not yet really been noticed.It was Kosovo that gave him his chance.An autonomous province of Serbia,Kosovo was home to an Albanian majority and a Serbian minority.In 1989,he was sent there to calm fears of Serbians who felt they were discriminated against.But instead he played the nationalist card and became their champion.In so doing,he changed into a ruthless（無情的）and determined man.At home with Mira he plotted the downfall of his political enemies.Conspiring（密謀）with the director of Serbian TV,he mounted a modern media campaign which aimed to get him the most power in the country.He was elected Serbian president in 1990.In 1997,he became president of Yugoslavia.The rest of the story is well-known:his nationalist card caused Yugoslavia's other ethnic groups to fight for their own rights,power and lands.Yugoslavia broke up when four of the six republics declared independence in 1991.War started and lasted for years and millions died.Then Western countries intervened.NATO bombed Yugoslavia,and he eventually stepped down as state leader in 2000.Soon after this,Serbia's new government,led by Zoran Djindjic,arrested him and sent him to face justice at the Yugoslav war crimes tribunal in the Hague.36.Where did Milosevic die? A.In a basement.B.In a prison.C.In Kosovo.D.In his own country.37.Which of the following is NOT true of the young Milosevic? A.He dressed in a pretty old-fashioned way.B.He was not interested in sports.C.He often avoided excursions.D.He was extremely ambitious.38.All of the following persons changed his fate in one way or another except

A.Mira.B.his parents.7

C.Zoran Djindjic.D.the Director of Serbian TV.39.Why was Milosevic sent to Kosovo in 1989? A.To handle economic issues.B.To drive the Albanians back to their own country.C.To remove the Serbians' fears of being discriminated against.D.To launch an attack against his political enemies.40.What happened in 1991? A.Yugoslavia broke up.B.Western countries intervened.C.NATO bombed Yugoslavia.D.Milosevic was arrested.第三篇

The World Cup

This summer's World Cup competition will see teams competing to play the world's best football.But the football they play will not all be of the same kind.The fans expect different styles of play from Brazil,Germany,or Italy.What makes Brazilian football Brazilian?Our style of playing football contrasts with the Europeans because of a combination of qualities of surprise,accuracy and good judgment.This style has won Brazil five world cups.Yet many Brazilian fans only count four of these victories.In 1994,the team abandoned this style for modern,scientific training and tactics.The team won the cup,but in a boring way.The ltalians think differently.“To many ltalians,the score 0-0 has a glorious quality,suggesting perfection,”says the British football writer Simon Kuper.In the ltalian culture,the idea of face is very important.This is why ltalian teams are traditionally built around strong defences.The Dutch footballer Johan Cruyff once said that ltalian teams never exactly beat you.It's just that you often lose to them.In Holland,there is a tradition of decision making through argument and discussion.It is a society where everybody is expected to have a point of view.“Every Dutch player wants to control the game,”says Arnold Muhren.“You play football with your brains and not your feet.”

“A Dutch player argues,”says Simon Kuper.“An English player obeys his superior.He is a soldier.”The qualities valued in English football are military-strength,aggression and courage.This can make for exciting football.But it also means that the English find it difficult to use skillful players.David Beckham is usually criticized for his failure to defend-despite the fact that he is an attacker.8

If the English like to fight,the Germans like to win.In recent years,Germany has tried to change its image as a country of ruthless efficiency and a desire for victory at all costs.But Germans are quite happy for these qualities to remain in their national football team.“Football is a simple game,”Gary Lineker once said.“You kick a ball about for ninety minutes and in the end the Germans win.”

It's difficult to predict who will win this year's World Cup.There is no strong favorite.But a look at the track record of previous winners shows that it is the nations with the strongest national characteristics in the football that perform best.It seems that you need to know where you come from if you want to get to the top.41.Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Brazilian style of playing football? A.Accuracy.B.Surprise.C.Good judgment.D.Ruthless efficiency.42.Why do many lialians think that the score 0-0 has a glorious quality? A.Because it makes no one lose face.B.Because the ltalian team is not very strong.C.Because ltalians are nice people.D.Because that score is what their team could obtain.43.What is one expected to do in Holland? A.To play football.B.To express his or her opinion freely.C.To make a fuss about nothing.D.To beat his or her opponents ruthlessly.44.Which of the following is NOT true of the British football players? A.They are aggressive.B.They are courageous.C.They play football for friendship.D.They obey their superiors.45.Who will win this year's World Cup? A.The Brazilian team.B.The ltalian team.C.The German Team.D.It is unpredictable.第5部分：補全短文（第46~50題，每題2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請根據短文內容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復文章原貌。

American Dreams

There is a common response to America among foreign writers:the US is a land of extremes where the best of things qre just as easily found as the worst.This is a cliche（陳詞濫調）.In the land of black and white,people should not be too surprised to find some of the biggest gaps between the rich and the poor in the world.But the American Dream offers a way out to everyone.（46）No class system or govemment stands in the way.Sadly,this old argument is no longer true.Over the past few decades there has been a fundamental shift in the structure of the American economy.The gap between the rich and the poor has widened and widened.（47）

Over the past 25 years the median US family income has gone up 18 per cent.For the top 1 per cent,however,it has gone up 200 per cent.Twenty-five years ago the top fifth of Americans had an average income 6.7 times that of the bottom fifth.（48）

Inequalities have grown worse in different regions.In California,incomes for lower class families have fallen by 4 per cent since 1969.（49）This has led to an economy hugely in favor of a small group of very rich Americans.The wealthiest 1 per cent of households now control a third of the national wealth.There are now 37 million Americans living in poverty.At 12.7 per cent of the population,it is the highest percentage in the developed world.Yet the tax burden on America's rich is falling,not growing.（50）There was an economic theory holding that the rich spending more would benefit everyone as a whole.But clearly that theory has not worked in reality.A Nobody is poor in the US.B The top 0.01 per cent of households has seen its tax bite fall by a full 25 percentage points since 1980.C For upper class families they have risen 41 per cent.D Now it is 9.8 times.E As it does so,the possibility to cross that gap gets smaller and smaller.F All one has to do is to work hard and climb the ladder towards the top.第6部分：完形填空（第51~65題，每題1分，共15分）

下面的短文有15處空白，請根據短文內容為每處空白確定1個最佳選項。

Sending E-mails to Professors

One student skipped class and then sent the professor an e-mail（51）for copies of her teaching notes.Another（52）that she was late for a Monday class because she was recovering from drinking too much at a wild weekend party.At colleges and universities in the US,e-mail has made professors more approachable（平易近人）.But many say it has made them too accessible,（53）boundaries that traditionally kept students at a healthy distance.These days,professors say,students seem to view them as available（54）the clock,sending a steady stream of informal e-mails.“The tone that they take in e-mails is pretty astounding（令人吃驚的）,”said Michael Kessler,an assistant dean at Georgetown University.“They'll（55）you to help:'I need to know this.'”

“There's a fine（56）between meeting their needs and at the same time maintaining a level of legitimacy（正統性）as an（57）who is in charge.”

Christopher Dede,a professor at the Harvard Graduate School of Education,said（58）show that students no longer defer to（聽從）their professors,perhaps because they realize that professors'（59）could rapidly become outdated.“The deference was driven by the（60）that professors were all-knowing sources of deep knowledge,”Dede said,and that notion has（61）.For junior faculty members,e-mails bring new tension into their work,some say,as they struggle with how to（62）.Their job prospects,they realize,may rest in part on student evaluations of their accessibility.College students say e-mail makes（63）easier to ask questions and helps them learn.But they seem unaware that what they write in e-mails could have negative effects（64）them,said Alexandra Lahav,and associate professor of Law at the University of Connecticut.She recalled an e-mail message from a student saying that he planned to miss class so he could play with his son.Professor Lahav did not respond.“Such e-mails can have consequences,”she said.“Students don't understand that（65）they say in e-mail can make them seem unprofessional,and could result in a bad recommendation.” 51.A.providing

B.offering C.supplying D.asking 52.A.complained B.argued

C.explained D.believed 53.A.removing B.moving C.putting D.placing 54.A.about B.around C.at D.from 55.A.control B.shout C.order D.make 56.A.requirement B.contradiction C.tension D.balance 57.A.teacher B.instructor C.lecturer D.professor 58.A.e-mails B.passages C.texts D.books 59.A.technology B.expertise C.science D.imagination 60.A.tradition B.sense C.notion D.meaning

61.A.strengthened B.weakened C.reinforced D.consolidated 62.A.ask B.question C.respond D.request 63.A.him B.her C.you D.it 64.A.on B.against C.in D.about 65.A.this B.which C.that D.what

標準答案

英語—綜合類A卷（A級）

1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.C 11.A 12.B 13.D 14.C 15.A 16.A 17.B 18.A 19.A 20.C 21.C 22.C 23.B 24.C 25.E 26.F 27.B 28.C 29.A 30.E 31.B 32.D 33.A 34.D 35.C 36.B 37.D 38.B 39.C 40.A 41.D 42.A 43.B 44.C 45.D 46.F 47.E 48.D 49.C 50.B 51.D 52.C 53.A 54.B 55.C 56.D 57.B 58.A 59.B 60.C 61.B 62.C 63.D 64.A 65.D