第一篇：英語書信寫作指導：書信的種類

—、書信寫作要求

書信(Letter)一般可分為事務信件或公函(Business Letter or Offical Correspondence)以及私人信件(Private Letter)兩大類。一般包括以下幾個要點：

1）收信人的姓名和地址；

2）寄信人的姓名及其與收信人的關系；

3）寄信人的地址（有時可以省略）；

4）寫信的時間；

5）信的內容。

二、書信的格式

1）信頭(Heading)；

2）稱呼(Salutation)；

3）正文(Body of the letter)；

4）結束語(Complimentary close)；

5）簽名(signature)。

三、書信的種類

1）邀請信

邀請信有正式和非正式之分，也有介于兩者之間者。正式邀請信一般屬于公函類，私人邀請信一般屬于非正式文體。邀請朋友、熟人參加某一聚會時，再詞句上不一 定多加斟酌，用詞太正規倒顯得關系不密切。但是如果與被邀請人不太熟悉的話，最好用正式文體。如雖認識但并不十分了解，文體可介于兩個者之間。由此可見，私人邀請究竟用什么文體，關鍵看與被邀請人之間的親疏的程度。邀請信要明確寫出活動（是晚會、晚餐還是一般的聚會等）、活動的時間地點組織這項活動的理 由，有時還應告訴對方可能出席的人，另外一般希望對方給予答復。

（1）非正式邀請信，如：Coventry St.London

Sept.15th, 1999.Dear Jack,I am going to the cinema to see the Red River Valley and I have two tickets.Would you like to come? The film starts at 7:30 p.m.Maybe we can meet at the Covent Garden Station at 7:00 p.m.and have a drink before the film starts.Please phone me at home to let me know.Looking forward to seeing you.Love

Mary

這封信是寫給朋友的，所以用語比較隨便，比較口語化。

（2）正式邀請信，如：

Dear Ms.Gupta,It's our great pleasure to announce that Jan.19th is the 3rd anniversary of the founding of our corporation.We have a small party as follows: 7:00p.m.,Jan.19th, Room No.123, Kunlun Hotel.At this moment, we would like to express our sincere gratitude to our clients for both courtesy and support over the past three years.Please confirm if you plant to attend.Yours Sincerely,Lewis

這是一封正式邀請信，十分正規，無論從句式，還是用語都十分講究。

（3）介于正式和非正式之間的邀請信，如：

No.4 Middle School

Beijing 100034

April 29th,2000

Dear Miss Katherine,I am very pleased to write to you.My name is Yu Hong and I am monitor of Class One, Grade Three of the No.2 Middle School of Ji'nan.Last year, you came here to give a speech, which was “Fast Reading”.My classmates and I all thank you very much.We will have an English evening at 7:00--9:00 on the evening of May 4th in our classroom.Would you please come and attend the evening party? At the party, we will sing English songs, play games and so on.And we are anxious to invite you to come to sing us an English song.After that we can enjoy the music.We hope to see you soon.Yours

Yu Hong

這封信是寫給一位外籍教師的，這位外籍教師曾經到過這所學校，雖然作者認識，但并不十分了解。

2）感謝信

感謝信可分為感謝饋贈、感謝款待、感謝幫助、感謝送行和感謝探病等。

感謝信一般包括以下幾點：

①對收信人的稱謂；

②寫信的目的；（Thank you for…）

③致謝并詳述所收到的禮物或得到的幫助等；

④結尾及謙稱。

3）求職信

求職信屬于公務信函，格式和用詞比較規。信的內容大體上分為三部分：

①寫信的目的，②自我介紹，③要求。

注意下面幾點：

①寫信的目的要直截了當地在信的開頭提出。

②自我介紹部分主要介紹自己的學歷、工作經歷、解決問題的能力等等。在行文、用詞上要表現出自信、懇切的態度，語言簡明扼要，突出介紹自己的優點，與眾不同的特長或有利條件。還要緊扣用人單位的需求，巧用詞語，有國地說服對方，此職非你莫屬。

③最后提出進一步聯系的途徑，如：時間、地點。還可以主動提出接受面試或考核等。

④求職信在寫作特點上主要用第一人稱以及動詞的一般現在時。如：

Ms Li Ling

P.O.Box 231

Beijing

July 10,1999

Dear sir(s),I have just read in the newspaper that a secretary of the English language in wanted in your company.I am therefore writing to you to introduce myself.I'd like to get the job.I am a girl college student of 22 years old.My name is Li Ling.I am studying in the language department.I can speak, read and write English very well.As a second language, I can read and speak a little French.I have some work experience as a typist in my spare time at school, and as a tourist guide during summer holidays.The bosses I worked for were all satisfied with my work.I am sure I'll satisfy you as well.You can get more information about my studies and work from the college.I am looking forward to visiting your office at any time for a talk or a test.Faithfully

Li Ling

4）回信

寫回信時應特別注意正確理解寫信人的意圖、所提問題、必須對寫信人的問題給予明確的答復。如下例： No.1 Middle School of Nanjing,Jiangsu, China

Jan.23rd, 2000

Dear Jack,Thanks for your letter.Yes, I have some difficulty in learning English.For example, I can't tell the difference between written English and spoken English.Sometimes I often make

mistakes while speaking to others.I want to improve my spoken English.But I don't know how.Would you please give me some advice? As you say, it is really difficult to write toe Chinese characters, but don't worry about it.Have you considered doing plenty of practice? And I suggest you write them as much as possible.I think it will be of great help.I'm looking forward to hearing from you again.Best wishes.Yours

Li Ling

原信中作者問到英語學習的情況，同時征求學習漢語的建議并談到自己在學習漢語的過程中遇到的問題。回信中作者對來信中的問題作了詳細的回答并給出了建設性的建議。

第二篇：英語書信寫作格式及

格式：

1)寄件人地址姓名應寫在信封左上角。

2)收件人地址姓名應寫在信封右下角。

順序：門牌號，街號，街名，城市名；國名

Eg：

Room 432

Dormitory Building 3

Shanghai International Studies University

Hong Kong Strict，Shanghai 20070

China

室/房 Room

*** *** 村（鄉）

*** Village

*** 號 No.*** *** 號宿舍 *** Dormitory

*** 樓/層 ***/F

*** 住宅區/小區 *** Residential Quarter

*** 巷 / 弄 *** Lane

*** 單元 Unit ***

*** 號樓/幢 *** Building

*** 公司 用拼音拼寫

*** 廠 *** Factory

*** 酒樓/酒店 *** Hotel

*** 路 *** Road

*** 花園 *** Garden

*** 街 *** Street

*** 縣 *** County

*** 鎮 *** Town

*** 市 *** City

*** 區 *** District

*** 信箱 Mailbox ***

*** 省 *** Prov.虹口區西康南路125弄34號201室

Room 201,No.34,Lane 125, XiKang Road(South),HongKou District

河南省南陽市中州路42號

No.42，Zhongzhou Road，Nanyang City，Henan Prov.湖北省荊州市紅苑大酒店

Hongyuan Hotel, Jingzhou city, Hubei Prov.中山市東區亨達花園7棟702

Room 702, 7th Building, Hengda Garden, East District, Zhongshan

福建省廈門市蓮花五村龍昌里34號601室

Room 601, No.34 Long Chang Li, Xiamen , Fujian

山東省青島市開平路53號國棉四廠二宿舍1號樓2單元204戶

NO.204, Building NO.1, The 2nd Dormitory of the NO.4 State-owned Textile Factory, 53 Kaiping Road , Qingdao , Shandong2、信內地址

? 寫在信紙的左上角，從信紙的左邊頂格開始寫，低于寫信人地址和發信日期一二行，先寫收信人姓名、頭銜和單位名稱，然后寫地址；收信人名前加尊稱，Mr.Miss Mrs，頭銜Dr.prof。Sir，不知姓名，寫職位或職稱。

?Ms.Joanna Kerry

Peking University

Haidian District, 100871

Beijing

China

3.日期

?日期頂格寫在左上角，在信內地址的下方。

?1）.關于發信日期的寫法，應注意以下幾點：

?① 年份應完全寫出，不能簡寫。

?② 月份要用英文名稱，不要用數字代替。

?③ 月份名稱多用公認的縮寫式。但 May, June, July, 因為較短，不可縮寫。

?④ 寫日期時，可用基數詞1，2，3，4，5，……28，29，30，31等，也可用序數詞 lst, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, …… 28th, 29th, 30th, 31st等。但最好用基數詞，簡單明了。

?2）.日期可有下列幾種寫法：

?① Oct.20, 2004

?② 10 May., 2004

?③ 3rd June, 2004

?④ Sept.16th, 2004

?其中，①最為通用。

?Jan.?Feb.?Mar.?Apr.?May

?June

?July

?Aug.?Sep.?Oct.?Nov.?Dec.4、salutation 稱呼

? 從信紙的左邊頂格開始寫，每個詞的開頭字母要大寫，至于末尾處的符號，英國人

用逗號，但美國和加拿大英語則多用冒號，但我們常用逗號。

? 先生（男人）Mr。Mr.用在姓氏之前或姓氏和名字之前，不可只用在名字之前，例

如對的稱呼，應該是：Mr.或 Mr.White, 不可是：Mr.Tom。

? 夫人（已婚）Mrs, 小姐（未婚）Miss,夫人、小姐統稱Ms或Madam.? 夫婦倆人Mr.and Mrs.?頭銜或職稱（不分性別）：教授Professor，博士Doctor(Dr.,Ph.D.)，總統或校長

President，主席或董事長Chairman，副主席或副董事長Vice Chairman，首相Prime

Minister，總理Premier，省長或州長Governor 市長Mayor參議員Senator 大使

Ambassador，秘書長Secretary General，院長Director,Dean，副院長Vice Director，系主任Dean,Head,Chair，館長Chief Librarian,Curator

? 稱呼的具體方式視雙方的熟知程度而定。對有一定社會距離，不熟悉的人：Dear Sir;

Dear Madam;Dear President;Dear Mr.Smith

? 對相識的人：Dear Shirley;Dear Smith

? 對親近的人或家人：Dear Mom;Dear Dad;Dear Mary, 甚至沒有dear 也可以

5、正文(body)

? 即信件內的主要內容。正文第一句句子一般和稱呼之間空一至二行或右縮進約四五

個字母。

內容要簡單明了，一般不用同漢語信一樣的“你好（how are you?）”之類的詞。一般要開門見山，表明你寫這封信的意圖。

6.謙語

? 即寫信人表示自己對收信人的一種謙稱，在信的右（或左）下角，寫上表示自己對

收 信人一種禮貌客氣的謙稱。

? 和正文隔開1-2行書寫

? 位置中偏右

? 后加逗號

? 禮貌尊重程度依社會距離而定：

? 正式的、尊稱：Faithfully yours, Respectfully yours, Sincerely yours, Truly yours，Yours

truly。

? 一般情況可用：Yours

? 熟悉或親近的人可直接用自己的名字 如Mary, Jane7、簽名(signature)，? 即親筆簽上寫信人自己的姓名。

有時，需要在署名的下一、二行位置寫上寫信人的職位或頭銜。（若考試時，題目要求里已明確給出，則需寫出。）

8、其他—標點符號

? 稱呼后面一定要有標點，一般用逗號，或冒號

? 結尾客套話后面，一定要有標點，只能是逗號

? 署名后面，一定不能有標點

? 月份縮寫后面用點號

? 日子后接年份時，日子后要使用逗號隔開

9.結構

? 英語書信的款式一般有兩種：齊頭式(Block Style)和折衷式(Semi-Block Style)。齊

頭式常常在商貿、官方以及一些正式的信件中使用，以顯示信件內容的嚴肅性，真

實性，可靠性。而折衷式則顯的比較隨便，主要用于家人、朋友、私人之間來往的信件。如果兩人之間不是第一次通信，相互比較了解，可以省略信內的雙方地址。

? 用齊頭式信件寫信，其正文與稱呼之間空一至二行。每段的第一句句子不需要空 格，但段與段之間需要空一至二行。齊頭式信件的信尾客套話和簽名可以有兩種款式。

第一種寫在左下方，這是最常用也是最正式的。另外也可以寫在右下方，這種形式

則表示寫信人與收信人之間的關系比較熟悉隨便。

參考范文

1、Nov.30, 2008

Dear Jane,I heard you want to subscribe to an English–language newspaper.Here I’d like to

recommend one to you.Personally, I suggest 21st Century as my favorite, which is

designed especially for college students to study English.The topics discussed are

close to college life and could arouse our attention.Besides, the new words

and expressions are marked, which makes it easier for us to memorize and take

notes.I’ve benefited a lot from reading this newspaper and I believe it can also

help you improve your English.Sincerely yours,Mary2、Nov.30, 2008

Dear Jane,I heard you want to subscribe to an English–language newspaper.Here I’d like to

recommend one to you.Personally, I suggest 21st Century as my favorite, which is

designed especially for college students to study English.The topics discussed are

close to college life and could arouse our attention.Besides, the new words

and expressions are marked, which makes it easier for us to memorize and take

notes.I’ve benefited a lot from reading this newspaper and I believe it can also

help you improve your English.Sincerely yours,Mary

第三篇：英語書信格式及寫作

英語書信格式是怎樣的呢？要怎么寫？以下是小編整理的英語書信格式及寫作范文，華語電影。

【英語書信格式】

右上角寫日期

-開頭“Dear”, “To”, “To whom it concerns” = 一般給政府/比你級別高得寫“等等 寫完名字點逗號

-另起一行[object Object] 空兩個格 寫正文

-落款 = ”sincerely yours“ = 給級別高的，很正式的；”yours truly“ = 朋友； ”love" = 親人 等等 別忘了點逗號

-偏右下角 簽名 如果寫的是正式文的話 在簽名下面 寫上print體形式你的名字

例：

May 8, 2006

To whom it concerns,----------------.Sincerely yours,(簽名)

(如果正式的話 在這兒署名 例：Cindy Johnson)

信封的寫法

(1)收信人地址：英美人多用長信封，收信人姓名、地址寫在正面右下1／4處如：

Mr．Henry．SimpsonHillside Lane

Clinton．Ohio 020567

第一行寫姓名;

第二行寫門牌號、街名;

第三行寫城市、州、郵區號碼，(國名)。

2）若信封為方形,收信人姓名地址可寫在中間,各行可在左邊起頭寫,也可以在下一行向右移一個字母.例如:

Mr．Henry S．SimpsonHillside Lane

寄信人不自稱Mr.、Mrs.或Miss，但是在收信人的姓名前則必須加上尊稱Mr.、Mrs.或Miss以示禮貌。

住址的寫法與中文相反；英文住址原則上是由小至大，如必須先寫門牌號碼、街路名稱，再寫城市、省（州）和郵政區號，最后一行則寫上國家的名稱。

在信封的右上角貼上郵票。

信封上的郵政區號(zip code)，在美國州名之后以五位數阿拉伯數字表示，前三位數代表州或都市，后兩位數表示郵區，至于郵政區號10027的念法是one double o two seven。

住址中常用字：有簡寫的多用簡寫： 樓 F(e.g.2F)巷 Lane(e.g.Lane 194)段 Section；Sec.(e.g.Sec.Ⅱ)弄 Alley(e.g.Alley 6)路 Road；Rd.(e.g.Chunghua Rd.)街 Street；St.(e.g.Yangkwang St.)Clinton，Ohio 020567

中國人的姓名、地名一律用漢語拼音，姓和名分開寫，姓和名開頭一個字母大寫,名是兩個字以上的拼寫為一詞，只有頭一個字母大寫，地名也如此。

(2)回郵地址：私人信件回郵地址可寫在信封正面左上角，也可寫在信封背面正中。業務信件，一般在正面左上角或上面都印有回郵地址。

(3)信封正面左下角可寫Personal，Please Forward，Registered，Express，Airmail，General Delivery等。

發信人的地址應寫在信封的左上角，收信人的地址應寫在信封偏中右偏下處。左上角寫寄件人信封中間部分寫收件人。

【英語書信寫作范文】

第一種、介紹信 Letters of Introduction

實例之一：

Dear Mr./ Ms.,This is to introduce Mr.Frank Jones, our new marketing specialist who will be in London from April 5 to mid April on business.We shall appreciate any help you can give Mr.Jones and will always be happy to reciprocate.Yours faithfully,xxx

實例之二：

Dear Mr./ Ms,We are pleased to introduce Mr.Wang You, our import manager of Textiles Department.Mr.Wang is spending three weeks in your city to develop our business with chief manufactures and to make purchases of decorative fabrics for the coming season.We shall be most grateful if you will introduce him to reliable manufacturers and give him any help or advice he may need.Yours faithfully

第二種、約定 Appointments

實例之一：

Dear Mr./Ms,Mr.John Green, our General Manager, will be in Paris from June 2 to 7 and would like to come and see you, say, on June 3 at 2.00 p.m.about the opening of a sample room there.Please let us know if the time is convenient for you.If not, what time you would suggest.Yours faithfully,實例之二：

Dear Mr/Ms,I represent the W/P Electronics Company in Dallas, and will be in Kunming from next Monday to Friday,(October 5-9).I should like to call on you to discuss our new monitor.Would 0930 hours on Tuesday, October 6 be convenient?

I shall be in Beijing, at the Great Wall Hotel, from Tuesday, September 29, until Sunday, October 4, where a message will reach me.If the day is not convenient, will you please suggest another.Yours faithfully

實例之三：

Dear Mr./ Ms,I am at present in Hamburg visiting the harbour with a view to making known our new type of container for use in Europe.I shall be in Antwerp on Wednesday, 4th June, and should like to call on you at 2.00 p.m.on that day.If I do not hear from you to the contrary, I shall assume that it will be convenient for me to call at that time.Yours faithfully

第四篇：書信寫作英文書信的種類專題

書信寫作英文書信的種類

?事務信函(Business Letter)

?私人信件(Private Letter)

書信寫作原則

?書信格式是首要，稱呼署名需地道；

?開門見山說意圖，咨詢建議列幾條；

?內容不同兩段表，感謝客氣不能少；

?期待回音是老套，語氣得當信就好。

英文書信的格式

?縮進式(Indented Version)

?齊頭式(Block Version)

稱呼---the salutation

?給不認識的人寫信：

?Dear Sir / Madam,?給重要的人寫信：

?Dear Mr.President John Smith

?Dear Mrs.Johns,?Dear Professor Middlebrook,?Mr.Mrs.Miss后面只用姓氏或全名，不能只寫名字。?給重要的人寫信：

?PresidentPres.?ProfessorProf.?Doctor Dr.?給熟人寫信：

?Dear MichaelDear Joanna

結束語---the complimentary close

?寫給不認識的人：

?Yours faithfully,?Yours truly,?Yours very truly

?寫給重要的人：

?Yours respectfully,?Very respectfully yours,?寫給熟人：

?Yours sincerely,?Yours very sincerely,?Yours cordially,?寫給親朋好友：

?Yours,?Yours ever,?With love from,?Yours loving son,?過時的結束語不要用：

?Yours obedient servant,(您恭順的仆人)

?Your humble servant,(您卑賤的仆人)

英文書信的起首語

?我很高興收到你五月四日的來信……

?I was glad to receive your letter of May 4 … ?我很高興地聽說……?With great delight, I learn that ……

?我很愉快地告訴你……?I have the pleasure to tell you that …… ?剛剛收到你的來信。

?I have received your kind letter.?星期六的來信，今早收到了。

?Your kind letter of Saturday arrived this morning.?久未通信，懸念之至。

?As I have not heard of you for long, I feel anxious.1

?我希望盡快收到你的來信。

? I hope to hear from you soon.?盼望下次再見。

?I look forward to our next meeting.?如蒙即復，不勝感激。

?Your kind early reply will be appreciated.?可否即予復示？

? Won’t you let us hear from you promptly?

?入需其他詳情，當欣然奉告。

?Any other particulars required I shall be pleased to give you.?承蒙厚助，有衷感謝。

?The help you send is sincerely valued.書信的語言原則

?應試書信主要有兩種語言風格：

?正式文體(formal style)

?半正式文體(semi-formal style)

?應試書信一般不會出現非正式文體

書信首段寫法

?首段寫法分兩種：

?一是首先表明寫信人與收信人的相關性，然后再說寫作意圖。

?例如：你租用了一家機構的房屋，但是暖氣系統出了毛病。你給這家機構寫信。

Dear Sir/Madam,I am at present living in a house which I rented through your agency.I am sorry to inform you that the heating system in the house stopped working five days ago.This is very inconvenient---not to mention dangerous to the health---as the weather is starting to get colder.?第二種寫法是首先說明寫作意圖，緊接著表明相關性。

?例如：你在機場的免稅商店買了Walkman。回來以后，你發現機器有問題。你寫封信給商店。Dear Sir/Madam,I wish to complain about a Walkman which I bough three days ago in the Duty Free section of your airport.As is my habit, I made a point of trying it out on the spot.It worked perfectly well, and so I went ahead and purchased it.?第三種寫法是只在信件開頭表明寫作意圖。其他的放到主體段落寫。

?例如：你出事了，住進了醫院。給你的學校寫信說明你要請假的原因。

Dear Prof.Johnson,I am writing to explain my absence

from classes since April 18, 2004.投訴信

?內容架構

?表達不滿

?及說明不滿，又有禮有節

?提出解決方案

?若提綱中包含，就一定要寫

?若提綱中沒有，就自己編

?寫作策略：

??表明相關性和意圖

?禮貌原則

?不要責罵收信人

?

?主體段落：

?投訴原因，展開說明

?現象結果相結合?

?提出解決方案

?再次表示感謝

?投訴信開頭套話：

?I am writing to complain about / that …

?I am writing to express my concern / dissatisfaction / disappointment about …

?I feel so sorry to trouble you but I am afraid I have to make a complaint about … ?I am writing to inform you that I find … unsatisfactory.?I wish to draw your attention to the problem / fault that I bought …

?投訴信結尾套話：

?I trust you will take my complaint seriously and …

?I will appreciate it very much if you could …

?I would be perfectly satisfied if you can kindly …

?I understand you will give immediate attention to this matter.?范文：抱怨房間，要求換到單人宿舍。

Dear Sir/Madam,I am writing to inform you that I wish to move into a new room next term.I would prefer a single room, as I find the present sharing arrangement inconvenient.I must explain that the reason for my dissatisfaction is my roommate’s inconsiderate behavior.For one thing, his friends are constantly visiting him;for another, he regularly holds noisy parties.For another, he sometimes borrows my stuff without asking me.In these situations, I find it difficult to concentrate on my studies, and I am falling behind in my assignments.I am sure you will agree that the only solution is for me to move into a room of my own, where I will be free from such distractions.Therefore, I would be grateful if you could find a single room for me, preferably not in the same building but as near to the college campus as possible.Yours sincerely,Janice Kennedy

請求信

?內容架構

?表明請求

?說明原因

?表達感謝

?寫作策略：

?首段：

?說明意圖，表達請求

?語言要求：禮貌和規范。

?主體段落：

?說明原因，具體展開

?要求：合乎情理。

?寫作策略：

?結尾段：

?盼望回復

?再次感謝，常用套句：“I am sorry for any inconveniences I have caused by this letter.”?請求信開頭套話：

?I am writing to formally request to …

?I would like to ask for your permission with this letter so as to allow me to …

?I am writing to seek for your assistance in …

?Would you be kind enough to … ？

?請求信結尾套話：

?I am looking forward to hearing from you.?I do appreciate the favorable consideration you have shown to me.?I would like to thank you for your generous help in this matter.詢問信

?尋求所需信息

?寫作策略：

?首段：

?先寫相關性，再說寫作意圖

?不要“問道于盲”。

?主體段落： 詢問具體問題。如果某個問題較為重要，應該單獨占一段。?結尾段：

?急切心情，?提供聯系方式，并表示感謝。

?詢問信開頭套話：

?I am writing for information about …

?I would be most grateful if you could send me information concerning …

?I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding …??Your prompt attention to this letter would be highly appreciated.?Thank you for your consideration.?I look forward to your immediate response.尋找失物信

?要收信人幫助尋找失物并將其返還失主。?寫作策略：

?首段：

?表明相關信，說明寫作意圖。

?表示歉意。

?主體段落：

?失物的具體內容及重要性。

?結尾段：

?如何將其返還失主

?并對收信人表達謝意。

??I am sorry to disturb you, but I have to …

?I am writing this letter to report the loss of my … when I …

?I am writing this letter to request your assistance in finding my … which I have lost during the stay in your hotel.?I am writing this letter to see if it is possible for me to have my camera back.?尋找失物信結尾套話：

?I would really appreciate it if you could …

?I would be grateful if you could …

?I also suggest that the lost bag be sent to … if possible.感謝信

?感謝信與投訴信剛好相反，只要把投訴的內容改為感謝的內容就可以了。

?感謝信開頭套話：

?I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for …

?I am writing to show my sincere appreciation for …

?I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for …

?I feel deeply indebted to you and I really don’t know how to thank you enough for your help.??I am most grateful for your selfless donation.?My true gratitude is beyond the word’s description.?I feel most obliged to thank you once more.?Please accept my gratitude, now and always.縮進式(Indented version)

Dear ______,___________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_________________________________.___________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_________________________________.____________________________________.Yours,Kevin

齊頭式(Block Version)

Dear ______,_____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _________________________________._____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _________________________________.____________________________________.Yours,Kevin

第五篇：書信的種類

? 書信的種類

A.邀請信 B.感謝信

C.求職信（包括申請獎學金）F.祝賀信 D.抱怨信(投訴信)E.道歉信 ?

格式：

（1）日期

（2）稱謂（3）正文第一段： 表明寫信意圖。

（4）正文第二段：解釋原因或說明情況

（5）正文第二段：重申寫信意圖（6）署名

? 答題步驟

（一）確定體裁和題材

? 答題步驟

（二）確定主題句

通過審題確定體裁和主題后，就要確定主題句。寫主題句最保險的方法就是把中文提綱的各句譯成英語。（直譯保守，意譯最佳）

? 答題步驟

（三）擴展主題句（1）Listing

列舉法是指列舉具體的事實或要點來逐步說明和論證主題思想、展開段落的方法。采用列舉法的時候，需要注意兩點。是要點的羅列要遵循一定的順序

要使用合適的過渡詞語。

? 答題步驟

（三）擴展主題句（2）Example

舉例法也是一種常用而且有效的展開段落的方法。它是通過生動、典型的實例對比較復雜或者抽象的觀點進行闡述的方法。寫作時提供的例子必須認真選擇，保證例子能夠恰如其分，能夠準確地說明問題。

舉例法常用的一些表達方式包括 for example, for instance, such as, a case in point, to illustrate, in illustration of, by way of examples, I can’t find a better example than…等。舉例法其實是一種 “細節描述法” 原文：He dances very well.改后：His gift for dancing in a style that no one has even imagined, known as the

“moonwalk” made him an instant superstar.? 答題步驟

（三）擴展主題句（3）C & C

段落的主題要指出兩件以上事物的相同或相異之處時，便可采用比較或對比的方法。“比較 Comparison”用于描述所比對象的相似之處，而“對比 Contrast”則用于描述所比對象不同之處。

比較和對比一般采用兩種方法來組織： 逐點比較：逐個問題進行雙方面的比較

整體對照：先敘述一方的全部細節，再敘述另一方的全部細節

比較和對比法常用過渡詞：like, likewise, unlike, similarly, in the same way, on the other hand, compared with, by comparison, in contrast to, on the contrary, but, yet, instead, while, whereas, however, nevertheless 等。

? Comparison & Contrast: Useful Expressions

Similarities

is similar to Both Also Too as well Differences

on the other hand however

On the other hand, winter is much colder in A.However, winter is much colder in A.A has a mild winter, but / while B has a cold one.In contrast to A, B has a cold winter.A differs from B by having a cold winter.Spring weather in A is similar

to spring weather in B Both A and B have rain in the spring.A also has a rainy spring season.A has a rainy spring season, too.As well, A has rainy spring season.but / while

in contrast to differs from

? 答題步驟

（三）擴展主題句（4）C & E

因果關系法（Cause and Effect）是指根據事態發展的因果關系來展開段落的一種寫作方法，這種方法常用在說明文和議論文中。

寫作的時候，可以從原因入手推導出結果，也可以從結果入手推導出原因。因果關系又是比較復雜，一種事物或現象的起因往往是多方面的，而某種原因也可能會引起多種后果，還有可能多種原因導致了多種后果。一果多因：先寫出結果然后分析原因 一因多果：先分析原因然后說明后果 ? 答題步驟

（三）擴展主題句（5）Classification

劃分和分類法（Classification）就是把要闡述的內容按其屬性的不同分門別類、分層次地表達清楚。使用這種方法可使文章層次分明，表達清楚，邏輯性強。

劃分指把一個整體分成若干部分，逐個闡述。比如，蘋果包括果皮、果肉、果核等組成部分。

分類是指按一定的原則和特點把若干個體納為一類，使具有相同特征的事物歸入同一類別。例如，繪畫可以分為水彩畫、油畫、中國畫、版畫等等類別。進行劃分和分類時，特別需要注意的是要有明確而統一的標準。Classification = Example + C&C

分類法實際是舉例法和對比法兩者結合在一起的一種方法。為了描寫上的方便，我們常常對主題句中提出的某些觀點、事物舉例加以說明。當所舉的例子比較多時，我們常常將它們進行分類，并進行比較。

When I arrived at the park, I found, to my surprise, that there were so many people there.Besides old people, who are the usual early risers to do Taijiquan boxing, a lot of youngsters were also there, running, jumping or talking.In the east of the park, I even saw an old lady showing some school children and workers how to do sword-play.這段文章把作者早上散步時所看到的人分為三類：老人、青年人和一位老太太。這樣描寫既突出了各類人的特點，又寫出了他們的共性——清晨鍛煉身體。這是典型的分類法。? Classification: Useful Expressions is a kind of Coal is a kind of non-renewable resource.can be divided into Energy resources can be divided into two types.is a type of falls under belongs to is a part of fits into

Coal is a type of non-renewable resource.Coal falls under the category of non-renewable resources.Coal belongs to the category of non-renewable resources.Coal is a part of the category of non-renewable resources.Coal fits into the category of non-renewable resources.Coal is grouped with non-renewable resources.is grouped with is related to Coal is related to other non-renewable resources.Coal is associated with other non-renewable resources.is associated with

? 答題步驟

（三）擴展主題句（6）Definition

定義法是通過簡單易懂而且準確的語言闡明某事物的性質和特征來發展段落，使讀者對某事物比較抽象的或是難以把握的一些特征有一個較清晰的認識。定義法常用于說明、描寫和論證，以提供更多的具體解釋來說明某一概念或術語。通常有三種方法對一個詞、一條術語或諺語、一個概念下定義：給出同義詞、用一個帶有定語從句的復合句、用一整段文章，而以第三種方法最為常用。? 答題步驟

（三）擴展主題句（7）T（P）&S ? 時間法（Time）

在記敘文敘述一個故事或者一系列事件時，通常按事件發生的先后順序排列句子。

在說明文中敘述一件事應該遵循的程序或步驟時（Process)，也常用時間順序法。

? 空間法（Space）

在描寫文中描述一個地方、事情或人物外貌時，常按空間順序（自左至右，由近到遠，由上至下，由下到上，由里到外，由外到里，由中間到兩邊等順序）來展開段落。

? 答題步驟

（三）擴展主題句

小結 Developing by Listing Developing by Example Developing by Comparison and Contrast Developing by Cause and Effect Developing by Classification Developing by Definition Developing by Time and Space Developing by Process ? 答題步驟

（四）檢查 1.題目

2.句子首字母要大寫 3.標點問題 4.單詞拼寫錯誤

5.比較級錯誤 6.不一致 7.詞性誤用

8.結尾用問句，或空喊口號

? 如何開頭

（一）：對立法

先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法, 適用于有爭議性的主題。When asked about....., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that.......But I think/view a bit differently.When it comes to...., some people believe that.......Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true.There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but(I tend to the previous/latter)

Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that....They claim/ believe/argue that...But I wonder/doubt whether......? 如何開頭

（二）：現象法

引出要剖析的現象或者問題, 然后評論

Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of)...has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of...has been brought into focus.(has been brought to public attention)

Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality...is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.? 如何開頭

（三）：引用法

先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 來引出文章要展開論述的觀點!

“Knowledge is power.” such is the remark made by Bacon.This

remark has been shared by more and more people.“Education is not complete with graduation.” Such is the opinion of a great American philosopher.Now more and more people share his opinion.How often we hear such statements/words like these /this “.........”

In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this “......”.?

如何開頭

（四）：比較法

通過對過去、現在兩種不同的傾向、觀點的比較 , 引出文章要討論的觀點.For years,...had been viewed as...But people are taking a fresh look now.With the growing..., people........People used to think that...(In the past,....)But people now share this new.?

如何結尾

（一）結論型

通過對文章前面內容的討論 ,引出或重申文章的中心思想及觀點.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that.....In summary/In a word , it is more valuable.......重申

---變換表達方式 ?

如何結尾

（二）后果型

揭示所討論的問題若不解決, 將產生的嚴重后果.We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenomenon of..., if allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the heavy cost of.......Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to the problem , there is every chance that..will be put in danger.?

如何結尾

（三）建議型

對所討論的問題提出建議性的意見, 包括建議和具體的解決問題的方法.While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways.The most popular is....Another method is...Still another one is.....Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first step toward the situation.?

如何結尾

（四）方向型

其與建議性的唯一差別就是對問題解決提出總的, 大體的方向或者指明前景.Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough.The problem should be recognized in a wide way.There is no quick method to the issue of.., but..might be helpful/beneficial.The great challenge today is......There is much difficulty , but........?

如何結尾

（五）意義型

文章結尾的時候,從更高的更新的角度指出所討論的問題的重要性以及其深遠的意義!Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the pay off might be worth the effort.It will not only benefit but also benefit.....In any case, whether it is positive or negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly …… ? 寫作過程中的七原則（1）主題句原則

一定要寫一個主題句，放在文章的開頭（保險型）或者結尾，讓讀者一目了然，必會平安無事！

特別提示：隱藏主體句可是要冒險的！

To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam（主題句）.Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.? 寫作過程中的七原則（2）長短句原則

寫一個短小精辟的句子有時可以起到畫龍點睛的作用。而且如果我們把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主題：

As a creature, I eat;as a man, I read.Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.強烈建議： 長短結合、錯落有致

在文章第一段（開頭）用一長一短，且先長后短。

2）在文章主體部分，可先用一個短句解釋主要意思，然后在闡述幾

個要點的時候采用先短后長的句群形式。文章結尾一般一長一短。

? 寫作過程中的七原則（3）多變句式原則

1）簡單句、并列句和復雜句交替使用。

? 簡單句只包含一個主謂結構，個個成分都是單詞或短語的句子。? 并列句包含兩個或更多互不依從的主謂結構，分句由并列連詞來連接

? 復合句的某個成分，如主語、賓語、表語、同位語、定語、狀語等，由

另一個句子承當

? 寫作過程中的七原則（3）多變句式原則

2）插入語使句子有層次感

? Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.3）排比句使句子朗朗上口

? Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.? We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.? 寫作過程中的七原則（4）連接詞原則

改卷老師一般通過一些關鍵性的“標簽”（連接詞）來判定你的文章是否結構清楚，條理自然。

? 1)first, second, third, last = firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推薦，俗)? 2)most important of all, moreover, finally

(一般)

(一般)? 3)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly ? 4)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally ? 5)to start with, next, in addition, finally

(強烈推薦)

(強烈推薦)

(強烈推薦)? 6)first and foremost, besides, last but not least ? 7)on the one hand, on the other hand ? 8)for one thing, for another thing

(適用于兩點的情況)

(適用于兩點的情況)? 寫作過程中的七原則（5）多下少上原則

一定要多用具體的下義詞，少用空洞的上義詞。

? 我們說很好的時候，不應說nice這樣空洞的詞，應用一些諸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital之類的形象詞。?

positive, favorable, rosy（美

好的)，promising（有

希

望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替換good。

? dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill(有害的)替換 bad，但如果bad做表語，可以有be less impressive替換

? affair ,business ,matter 替換thing ? beneficial, rewarding替換helpful

? 寫作過程中的七原則（6）短語優先原則

寫作時，尤其是在考試時，如果使用短語，有兩個好處：

1）用短語會使文章增加亮點，如果老師們看到你的文章太簡單，看不到一個自己不認識的短語，必然會看你低一等。相反，如果發現亮點—精彩的短語，那么你的文章定會得高分了。

2）關鍵時刻思維短路，只有湊字數，怎么辦？用短語是一個辦法！

? I cannot bear it.可以用短語表達：I cannot put up with it.? be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of 替代 indicate, suggest ,fear ? bear in mind that 替換remember ? 寫作過程中的七原則（7）挑戰極限原則

在學生的文章中，很少發現諸如獨立主格的句子，其實獨立主格很簡單，它就是分詞的一種特殊形式，分詞要求主句的主語和分詞短語轉換成完整句子時的主語一致，而獨立主格則不然。

? The weather(being)fine, a large number of people went to climb the Qinling Mountains.? Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.? 四級作文總結 ? 宏觀：審題

1）幾段 2）字數比例 3）每一段幾層 4）每一層要點 ? 中層：句型、邏輯 1）主題句必須攻克（三段）2）學會拓展 ? 微觀：詞匯、銜接