第一篇：高中英語《被動語態(tài)講解》教案 新人教版必修2

河北省邯鄲四中高中英語《被動語態(tài)講解》教案 新人教版必修2 例：①M(fèi)other often makes me do homework.→I am often made to do homework by mother.⑵teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell等動詞常常帶有兩個賓語（雙賓語：直接賓語和間接賓語），改為被動語態(tài)時，兩個賓語可以選其中任一個作主語。如果直接賓語被提前作主語，那么間接賓語（一般是人）前要加相應(yīng)的介詞to/for。例：

①She gave me a book.= She gave a pen to book.→I was given a book by her.→A book was given to me by her.②My father bought me a MP3.= My father bought a MP3 for me.→I was bought a MP3 by my father.→A MP3 was bought for me by my father.[3]含有賓語補(bǔ)足語的句子改為變動語態(tài)。（賓補(bǔ)放在原來位置不變）

例：①We call him Xiao Ming.主 謂

賓 賓補(bǔ)

→Ｈe is called Xiao Ming by us.②He found the novel very interesting.→The novel was found very interesting by him.[4] 沒有被動語態(tài)的動詞：

1.沒有被動語態(tài)的詞，表示狀態(tài)或特征的及物動詞如 cost, fit, have, suit等沒有被 1 動形式，另外，像happen = take place, break out(爆發(fā))，break down(壞了)result from(緣于)，belong to, consist of等只用主動語態(tài)，而不用被動語態(tài)

2.不及物動詞或動詞短語無被動語態(tài): appear, die ,disappear, end(vi.結(jié)束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（傳播）, stand, come true, fall asleep,...3.大多數(shù)系動詞：be , feel(摸起來)，sound(聽起來)，smell(聞起來)，taste（嘗起來），look(看起來)，等詞無被動語態(tài)，它們的主動形式表示被動意義。例：①The shirt feels very soft.這件襯衣摸起來很柔軟。

②Many changes have taken place in our country.

第二篇：高中英語被動語態(tài)講解及練習(xí)(含答案)

高中英語被動語態(tài)

一、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式

1.被動語態(tài)的基本時態(tài)變化

被動語態(tài)通常為十種時態(tài)的被動形式, 被動語態(tài)由be＋過去分詞構(gòu)成，be隨時態(tài)的變化而變化。以do為例，各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)形式為：

1)am/is/are +done(過去分詞)一般現(xiàn)在時

2）has /have been done 現(xiàn)在完成時

3）am/is /are being done 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時

4）was/were done 一般過去時

5）had been done 過去完成時

6）was/were being done 過去進(jìn)行時

7）shall/will be done 一般將來時

8）should/would be done 過去將來時

9）shall/will have been done 將來完成時（少用）

10）should/would have been done 過去將來完成時（少用）

2.被動語態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式

1)帶情態(tài)動詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)。其形式為：情態(tài)動詞＋be＋過去分詞。

例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.2)有些動詞可以有兩個賓語，在用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)時，可以把主動結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一賓語仍然保留在謂語后面。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語。

例His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改為 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3)當(dāng)“動詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，將賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)中的主語，其余不動。

例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.可改為The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4）在使役動詞have, make, get以及感官動詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語時，在主動結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時，要加to。

例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.可改為A stranger was seen to walk into the building.5)有些相當(dāng)于及物動詞的動詞詞組，如“動詞＋介詞”，“動詞＋副詞”等，也可以用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)，但要把它們看作一個整體，不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。

例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.3.非謂語動詞的被動語態(tài)

v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被動語態(tài)(一般時態(tài)與完成時態(tài))。

例I don't like being laughed at in the public.二、如何使用被動語態(tài)

學(xué)習(xí)被動語態(tài)時，不僅要知道被動語態(tài)的各種語法結(jié)構(gòu)，還要知道在哪些情況中使用被動語態(tài)。

1.講話者不知道動作的執(zhí)行者或不必說出動作的執(zhí)行者(這時可省 by 短語)。

例 My bike was stolen last night.2.借助被動的動作突出動作的執(zhí)行者。

例 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.3.為了更好地安排句子。

例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people.（一個主語就夠了）

三、It is said that+從句及其他類似句型

一些表示“據(jù)說”或“相信”的動詞如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋過去分詞＋that從句”或“主語＋be＋過去分詞＋to do sth.”。有：

It is said that… 據(jù)說,It is reported that…據(jù)報道，It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped

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高中英語被動語態(tài)

that…大家希望，It is well known that…眾所周知，It is thought that…大家認(rèn)為，It is suggested that…據(jù)建議。

例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.（＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam.）

四、謂語動詞的主動形式表示被動意義

1.英語中有很多動詞如 break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動詞來描述主語特征時，常用其主動形式 表達(dá)被動意義,主語通常是物。

例 This kind of cloth washes well.注意：主動語態(tài)表被動強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語的特征，而被動語態(tài)則強(qiáng)調(diào)外界作用造成的影響。

試比較：The door won't lock．（指門本身有毛病）

The door won't be locked．（指不會有人來鎖門, 指“門沒有鎖”是人的原因）

2.表示“發(fā)生、進(jìn)行”的不及物動詞與短語，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主動形式表示被動意義。

例 How do the newspapers come out? 這些報紙是如何引出來的呢？

3.系動詞沒有被動形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的連系動詞feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中常以主動形式表示被動意義。

例Your reason sounds reasonable.五、非謂語動詞的主動形式表被動意義

在某些句型中可用動名詞與不定式的主動形式表被動意義。

1． 在need，want，require, bear等詞的后面，動名詞用主動形式表示被動意義，其含義相當(dāng)于動詞不定式的被動形式。

例The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．這房子需要修理。

2． 形容詞worth后面跟動名詞的主動形式表示被動含義，但不能跟動詞不定式；而worthy后面跟動詞不定式的被動形式。

例The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．）

3.動詞不定式在名詞后面作定語，不定式與名詞之間有動賓關(guān)系時，又與句中另一名詞或代詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系, 不定式的主動形式表示被動含義。

例 I have a lot of things to do this afternoon．(to do與things是動賓關(guān)系，與I是主謂關(guān)系。)

試比較：I’ll go to the post office.Do you have a letter to be posted?(此處用不定式的被動語態(tài)作定語表明you不是post動作的執(zhí)行者。)

4.在某些“形容詞＋不定式”做表語或賓語補(bǔ)足語的結(jié)構(gòu)中，句子的主語或賓語又是動詞不定式的邏輯賓語時，這時常用不定式的主動形式表達(dá)被動意義。這些形容詞有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。

例This problem is difficult to work out.（可看作to work out省略了for me）.5． 在too… to…結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式前面可加邏輯主語，所以應(yīng)用主動形式表示被動意義。

例This book is too expensive(for me)to buy.6.在there be…句型中，當(dāng)動詞不定式修飾名詞作定語時，不定式用主動式作定語，重點(diǎn)在人，用被動形式作定語，重點(diǎn)在物。

例There is no time to lose（to be lost）．（用 to lose可看成for us to lose；用to be lost，誰 lost time不明確。）

7.在be to do結(jié)構(gòu)中的一些不定式通常應(yīng)用主動表主動, 被動表被動。然而,由于古英語的影響,下列動詞rent,blame,let等仍用不定式的主動形式表示被動意義。

例 Who is to blame for starting the fire?

六、介詞in, on, under等+名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語表被動意義

表示方位的介詞與含動作意義的名詞合用，含被動之義，其意義相當(dāng)于該名詞相應(yīng)動詞的被動形式，名詞前

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高中英語被動語態(tài)

一般不用冠詞。

1.“under +名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“某事在進(jìn)行中”。常見的有：under control（受控制）, under treatment（在治療中）, under repair（在修理中）, under discussion（在討論中）, under construction（在施工中）。

例The building is under construction(is being constructed).2．“beyond+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，“出乎……勝過……、范圍、限度”。常見的有：beyond belief(令人難以置信)，beyond one’s reach（鞭長莫及），beyond one’s control（無法控制），beyond our hope． 我們的成功始料不及。

例The rumour is beyond belief（=can’t be believed）．

3.“above+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu), 表示“(品質(zhì)、行為、能力等)超過……、高于……”。

例His honest character is above all praise．=His honest character cannot be praised enough．

4．“for+名

詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示 “適于……、為著……”。如：for sale(出售), for rent（出租）等。

例That house is for sale.(= That house is to be sold).5．“in+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“在……過程中或范圍內(nèi)”常見的有：in print（在印刷中），in sight(在視野范圍內(nèi))，等。

例The book is not yet in print．(=is not yet printed)

6．“on+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu), 表示“在從事…… 中”。常見的有：on sale(出售)，on show（展出）, on trial（受審）。

例Today some treasures are on show in the museum(= are being showed).7．“out of+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu) ； 表示 “超出…… 之外“，常見的有：out of control(控制不了)，out of sight（超出視線之外），out of one’s reach(夠不著), out of fashion(不流行)等。

例 The plane was out of control(can’t be controlled)．。

8．“within+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，“在……內(nèi)、不超過……”。

例He took two days off within the teacher's permission．

七、被動語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別

當(dāng)“be+過去分詞”作被動語態(tài)時表示主語承受的動作；作系表結(jié)構(gòu)時表示主語的特點(diǎn)或所處的狀態(tài)時，be后面的過去分詞是表語，相當(dāng)于形容詞。其區(qū)分辦法如下：

1．如果強(qiáng)調(diào)動作或句中有介詞by引導(dǎo)出動作的執(zhí)行者，該句一般為被動語態(tài)，否則為系表結(jié)構(gòu)。

例The glass is broken．（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）

The glass was broken by the boy．（被動語態(tài)）

2．如果句中有地點(diǎn)、頻率或時間狀語時，一般為被動語態(tài)。

例The door is locked．（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）

The door hasalready/just been locked．（被動語態(tài)）

3．被動語態(tài)除用于一般時態(tài)與完成時態(tài)外，還可以用于其他各種時態(tài)，而系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的系動詞be只有一般時態(tài)與完成時態(tài)。

例 The machine is being repaired．

八、被動語態(tài)與高考試題賞析

1． 高考對謂語動詞語態(tài)的考查例析

1).In some parts of the world, tea ___ with milk and sugar.(NMET1993)A.is serving B.is served C.serves D.served 2).This is Ted’s phone.We miss him a lot.He ___ trying to save a child in the earthquake.(NMET2002)A.killed B.is killed C.was killed D.was killing 3).----Have you moved into the new house?

----Not yet, the rooms _____.(NMET1991)

A.are being painted B.are painting C.are painted D.are being painting

4).When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ___ yet.（上海春2003）

A.are not decided B.have not been decided C.is not being decided D.has not been decided

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高中英語被動語態(tài)

5).The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets ___.A.was booked B.had been booked C.were booked D.have been booked

2．高考對非謂語動詞語態(tài)的考查

當(dāng)非謂語動詞的邏輯主語為動作的承受者時, 須用被動式。弄清非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語之間的執(zhí)行與承受關(guān)系是掌握非謂語動詞語態(tài)的關(guān)鍵。

1).Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ___ whether they will enjoy it.A.to see B.to be seen C.seeing D.seen 2).While shopping, people sometimes can’t help ___ into buying something they don’t really need.A.to persuaded B.persuading C.being persuaded D.be persuaded 3）.I feel it is your husband who ___ for the spoiled child.（上海2002）

A.is to blame B.is going to blame C.is to be blamed D.should blame 【強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練】

1.If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner． A． are not kept；will have to

B． are not kept；have C． do not keep；will have to

D． do not keep；have to 2.The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now.A.developed

B.have developed

C.are being developed

D.will have been developed 3.---____ the sports meet might be put off．

---Yes，it all depends on the weather．

A． I've been told B． I've told

C． I'm told

D． I told

4.I need one more stamp before my collection ___.A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completed

5.Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.A.cut B.are cut

C.are being cut D.had been cut

6.The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.A.has been designed B.had been designed C.was designed D.would be designed

7.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.A.breaks

B.has broken

C.was broken

D.had been broken

8.Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___.A.have been taken place;have been set up

B.have taken place;have been set up

C.have taken place;have set up

D.were taken place;were set up

9.That suit __ over 60 dollars.A.had costed B.costed C.is costed

D.cost

10.---Look!Everything here is under construction.---What’s the pretty small house that __ for?

A.is being built

B.has been built

C.is built

D.is building

11.---Do you like the material?

---Yes, it ___ very soft.A.is feeling

B.felt

C.feels

D.is felt

12.It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese．

A． write

B．to write C． to be written

D． written

13.I have no more letters ____，thank you．

A． to type B． typing

C． to be typed

D． typed

14.Take care!Don’t drop the ink on your shirt, for it __ easily.A.won’t wash out B.won’t be washed out C.isn’t washed out D.isn’t washing out

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高中英語被動語態(tài)

15.Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to ___.A.be put up

B.give in

C.be turned on

D.go out 16.The computers on the table ___ Professor Smith.A.belongs B.are belonged to C.belongs to

D.belong to 17.---What do you think of the book?---Oh, excellent.It’s worth ___ a second time.A.to read

B.to be read

C.reading

D.being read 18.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___.A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught

D.to catch 19.This page needed ___ again.A.being checked

B.checked

C.to check

D.to be checked 20.___ many times, the boy still didn’t know how to do the exercises A.Having taught B.Having been taught

C.taught D.Teaching

專題訓(xùn)練

1.Our house_____，A.is getting paint B.is getting painted

C.is got painted D.has got to paint 2.He arrived in Beijing,where he_____his friend.A.was met by B.was met C.was meeting D.met by 3.The war_____in 1937

A.was broken out B.had been broken out

C.has broken out D.broke out 4.The mistakes in the exercises will_____the teacher.A.cross B.be crossing C.be crossed by D.cross by 5.My brother and I have __________her birthday party.A.been invited B.been invited for C.invited to D.been invited to

6.It_______this way

A.is had to do B.is had to be done C.had to be done D.has to do 7.It__this way.A used to do B.used to be done C.is used to do D.is used to doing 8._____Chaplin.A.The child's name was called B.The child's name calls C.The child calls D.The child is named 9.The sports meeting____.A.is put off B.is to put off C.is to be put off D.puts off 10.Mary realized she_________

A.was making fun of B.was made fun C.was being made fun of D.was being made fun 11.______to say a thing in that way

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高中英語被動語態(tài)

A.It is considers wrong B.It is considered wrong C.It is considered it's wrong D.It is consiedring wrong 12.He ordered that the books_______at once.A.would be printed B.would print C.be printed D.print 13.The story______in ChinA.A.was taken place B.was happened

C.took place D.has been taken place 14.The house_____my parents

A.is belong to B.belong to C.belongs to D.is belonged to 15.He_______by his teacher.A.happened to see B.was happened to see C.happened to be seen D.was happened to be seen 16.Great changes_____in our province.Many tall buildings.A.have been taken place, have been set up

B.have taken place, have been set up

C.have been taken place, have been set up

D.were taken place, were set up

17.The hall's____but it's not yet____with lamps.A.furnished, finished B.been finished, been furnished

C.being finished, being furnished D.set up, full

18.The new hall is the tallest building in this town._____from here?

A.Can it see B.Can it be seen C.Can it seen D.Can see 19.As soon as we got to the airport,we found that the plane_____.A.had already taken off B.already took off

C.was already taking off D.was already taken off 20.Some of the hotels in my hometown_________.A.have now been rebuilding B.are now rebuilding

C.are now being rebuilt D.are rebuilt now

21.If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner．

A.are not kept；will have to B.are not kept；have

C.do not keep；will have to D.do not keep；have to

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高中英語被動語態(tài)

22.The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now.A.developed B.have developed

C.are being developed D.will have been developed 23.---____ the sports meet might be put off．

---Yes，it all depends on the weather．

A.I've been told B.I've told C.I'm told D.I told 24.I need one more stamp before my collection ___.A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completed 25.Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.A.cut B.are cut C.are being cut D.had been cut 26.The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.A.has been designed B.had been designed C.was designed D.would be designed 27.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.A.breaks B.has broken C.was broken D.had been broken 28.Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___.A.have been taken place;have been set up

B.have taken place;have been set up

C.have taken place;have set up

D.were taken place;were set up 29.That suit __ over 60 dollars.A.had costed B.costed C.is costed D.cost 30.---Look!Everything here is under construction.---What's the pretty small house that __ for?

A.is being built B.has been built C.is built D.is building 31.---Do you like the material?---Yes, it ___ very soft.A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt

７

高中英語被動語態(tài)

32.It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese．

A.write B.to write C.to be written D.written 33.I have no more letters ____，thank you．

A.to type B.typing C.to be typed D.typed 34.Take care!Don't drop the ink on your shirt, for it __ easily.A.won't wash out B.won't be washed out C.isn't washed out D.isn't washing out 35.Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to ___.A.be put up B.give in C.be turned on D.go out 36.The computers on the table ___ Professor Smith.A.belongs B.are belonged to C.belongs to D.belong to 37.---What do you think of the book?---Oh, excellent.It's worth ___ a second time.A.to read B.to be read C.reading D.being read 38.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___.A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught D.to catch 39.This page needed ___ again.A.being checked B.checked C.to check D.to be checked 40.___ many times, the boy still didn't know how to do the exercises

A.Having taught B.Having been taught C.taught

D.Teaching

８

高中英語被動語態(tài)

八、被動語態(tài)與高考試題賞析

1． 高考對謂語動詞語態(tài)的考查例析

1.解析 B 因為serve是及物動詞，其動作承受者tea作主語，表經(jīng)常發(fā)生的情況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。2.解析 C Ted是kill的承受者，用被動語態(tài)，且Ted救人發(fā)生在過去，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。

3.解析 A “house”與“paint”應(yīng)該是被動的關(guān)系，排除B，D。后者未搬進(jìn)新居的原因是房子正在油漆，所以要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)。不能用一般現(xiàn)在時表示習(xí)慣性動作，排除C。4.解析 D decide是及物動詞，動作的發(fā)出者通常是人，句中的主語是動作的承受者，所以decide要用被動語態(tài)。從題干的語境與關(guān)鍵詞yet，可判斷用現(xiàn)在完成時，不定式做主語用單數(shù)，故用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。

5.解析 B 句中tickets是book(訂票)的承受者，主謂為被動關(guān)系，又因票已被訂出應(yīng)發(fā)生在entered the office這個過去動作之前，所以要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。

2．高考對非謂語動詞語態(tài)的考查 1.解析 B 根據(jù)題意，那對老夫婦是否到國外旅行是將來的動作，應(yīng)使用不定式，故排除掉C、D兩項；又因remains的邏輯主語it是動詞see說表示動作的承受者，即“到國外旅行”這件事，這件事有待于“被決定”，應(yīng)使用動詞不定式的被動形式。

2.解析 C can’t help doing “禁不住做某事”，排除A與D；顧客應(yīng)是“被勸說”購物的，要用動名詞的被動語態(tài)。3.解析 A feel的賓語從句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，在be to do結(jié)構(gòu)中，在某些場合可用不定式的主動語態(tài)表示被動語態(tài)，如to blame，to let等。

【強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練】

key 1--5 ACADC

6--10 BCBDA 11--15 CBCAD 16--20 DCCDB 專題訓(xùn)練

Keys 1 B 2 A 3 D 4 C 5 D 6 C 7 B 8 D 9 A 10 C B 12 C 13 C 14 C 15 C 16 B 17 B 18 B 19 A 20 C 21 A 22 C 23 A 24 D 25 C 26 B 27 C 28 B 29 D 30 A 31 C 32 B 33 C 34 A 35 D 36 D 37 C 38 C 39 D 40 B

９

第三篇：英語：unit1《Friendship》教案2(新人教必修1)（精選）

Period 3 Learning about language Teaching aims: 1.To discover and learn to use some words and expressions.2.To enable students to rewrite sentences using direct or indirect speech 3.To learn more information about Anne.4.To cultivate the spirit of cooperation, self-teaching and self-exploring.Teaching procedures: Step 1 Revision 1.Review something about “Anne’s best friend” by using some True-or-False sentences 1)A friend would laugh at you.（）2)Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II.（）3)She and her family hid away for one year before they were discovered.（）4)She kept a diary as others did.（）

5)She was fond of nature.（）

6)She stayed awake in the night because she couldn’t sleep well.（）7)She couldn’t go out as she liked.（）2.Collect the sentences students think wonderful or difficult to understand.Sample sentences 1)She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.2)I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.3)There was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.4)The dark, rainy evening ,the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power.5)It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.Step 2 Language points 1.grow crazy about sth.對…狂熱,癡迷be crazy about …

eg.My cousin grows crazy about computer games.2.go through 1).To examine carefully 仔細(xì)閱讀或研究

I went through the students’ papers last night.2).To experience 經(jīng)歷，遭受或忍受

You really don’t know what we went through while working on this project.3.stay

v.to continue to be in a particular state or situatioin 系動詞，表是狀態(tài)。后跟名詞或形容詞，不能用于被動語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時態(tài)。eg.He stayed single all his life.4.make/call + O +Noun(as O.C.)5.hide away

6.discover

Columbus discovered America in 1492.7.set down: to write down something so that you have a record of it: I want to set down my feelings on paper.Other verbal phrases of “set”

set aside: to keep some money or time for a special purpose set off: to start to go somewhere/ to cause a explosion set out: to start a journey/ to talk about something in an organized way set up: to start an organization/ to build something 8.ourdoors / indoors Don’t stay indoors since the weather is so fine.9.well

They speak well of him.Well done.10 on purpose

I came here on purpose to see you.11 in order to

In order to catch the train , she hurried through her work.12 too much/ much too entirely

For him, this will be an entirely new hobby.14 in one’s power / out of one’s powers 15 it was the first/second time that …

It is the first time that he has been in this city.It was the second time that he had made the same mistakes 16 face to face

I rushed out of the office and found myself face to face with the boss.17.far

adv.“過于；…得多” ,表示程度，經(jīng)常與too或形容詞、副詞的比較級連用。

eg.She speaks English far better than I.This room is far too warm.cf.very, much, far 18.dare 1)modal.v.多用于否定句、疑問句、條件狀語從句、whether(if)等名詞性從句或有否定意義的句中，后接動詞原形。沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,其時態(tài)只有現(xiàn)在時和過去時。否定式在其后加not.eg.How dare he say such a word!

If you dare do that again, you’ll be punished.2)vt.敢，膽敢。有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化。在否定句和疑問句中，dare后的to可保留也可省略。

eg.I wonder how he dare to day such words.19．happen to do sth.It so(just)happened that…不能用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)。

eg.I happened to be out when he came.= It so happened that I was out when he came.

第四篇：語文：第二單元測試(新人教必修2)

高一語文第三單元測試題

說明：本試題分為一、二兩卷，請把答案寫在答題卡上。總分：100分 考試時間： 90分鐘 第Ⅰ卷

一、選擇題。每小題3分，共15分。

1.下列加點(diǎn)字的注音全都正確的一組是： A.渣滓（zǎi）戰(zhàn)栗（lì）逡巡（qūn）懵懂（měng）．．．．B.聳身（sǒng）嗤笑（chǐ）濡養(yǎng)（rú）微蹙（cù）．．．．C.攥住（zuàn）海市蜃樓（shèn）囈語（yì）干癟（biě）．．．．D.附麗（fù）粗糙（cào）差強(qiáng)人意（chāi）啼笑皆非（tí）．．．．

2.下列各組詞語中有錯別字的一組是：

A.淫佚 干涸 一蹶不振 萬劫不復(fù) B.鎖屑 枷鎖 席不暇暖 相濡以沫 C.瞳孔 希冀 因循守舊 玉樹臨風(fēng) D.承載 憧憬 吊兒郎當(dāng) 生死攸關(guān)

3.下列各句中，加點(diǎn)的成語使用恰當(dāng)?shù)囊痪涫牵?/p>

A.那本介紹學(xué)習(xí)方法的書出版后，受到中小學(xué)生和家長們的熱烈歡迎，一時洛陽紙貴。．．．．B.科技發(fā)展帶來的便利是不容分說的，千里之外的問候，只要一個短信，瞬間就能完成。．．．．C.假以時日，我們可以巧立名目，開發(fā)大批新穎別致的陸游項目，為景區(qū)再添光彩。．．．．D.學(xué)習(xí)了他的先進(jìn)事跡后，我們每一個青年都應(yīng)該追本溯源，看看自己做得如何。．．．．

4、依次填入下列各句橫線上的詞語，最恰當(dāng)?shù)囊豁検?/p>

①如果陳水扁冥頑不化，一意孤行，制造“臺獨(dú)”，必將給臺灣人民帶來深重災(zāi)難。

②政績是一個干部在為人民服務(wù)的過程中，發(fā)揮自己的聰明才智所創(chuàng)造的。

③我 認(rèn)為城市的標(biāo)志性建筑一定能對整個城市的形象和經(jīng)濟(jì)有多大的改變，城市標(biāo)志性建筑及其周圍的交通環(huán)境能在一定程度上體現(xiàn)出城市的人文美學(xué)特征。A．事變 績效 不是/但是 B．事端

業(yè)績

不但/而且 C．事端 績效 不但/而且 D．事變

業(yè)績

不是/但是

5、下面橫線上填入最恰當(dāng)?shù)木渥討?yīng)是： 百年以來，中國人曾被譏為一盤散沙。一時間內(nèi)，它凝聚不起來，這不怨沙，而怨沒有吸沙的磁盤。

A．其實，這是對中國人的污蔑 B．其實，中國人的心并不散

C．如果硬要比作沙，那么，中國人不是泥沙，而是鐵沙 D．如果硬要比作沙，那么，總有一天它會凝聚成堅固的堡壘

二、默寫。每空1分，共15分。

6．靜女其孌。，說懌女美。7．。匪女之為美，美人之貽。

8．氓之蚩蚩，，來即我謀。9．士之耽兮，；女之耽兮。10．日月忽其不淹兮。11．惟草木之零落兮。12．勸君更盡一杯酒。13．洛陽親友如相問。14．沉舟側(cè)畔千帆過。15．近水樓臺先得月。16．接天蓮葉無窮碧。第Ⅱ卷

三、閱讀下面一段文言文，并翻譯劃線的句子。（5分）

長沮、桀溺耦而耕。孔子過之，使子路問津焉。長沮曰：“夫執(zhí)輿者為誰？”子路曰：“為孔丘。”曰：“是魯孔丘與？”曰：“是也。”曰：“是知津矣。”問于桀溺。桀溺曰：“子為誰？”曰：“為仲由。”曰：“是孔丘之徒與？”對曰：“然。”曰：“滔滔者天下皆是也，而誰以易之？且而與其從辟人之士，豈若從辟世之士哉？櫌而不輟。子路行以告。夫子憮然曰：”鳥獸不可與同群，吾非斯人之徒與而誰與？天下有道，丘不與易也。” 17．孔子過之，使子路問津焉。（2分）

譯文：。18．滔滔者天下皆是也，而誰以易之？（3分）

譯文：

四、閱讀理解（20分）

提醒幸福

①我們從小就習(xí)慣了在提醒中過日子。天氣剛有一絲風(fēng)吹草動，媽媽就說，別忘了多穿衣服。才結(jié)識了一位朋友，爸爸就說，小心他是騙子。你取得了一點(diǎn)成功，還沒有樂出聲來，所有關(guān)心你的人一起說，別驕傲！你沉浸在歡樂中的時候，自己不停地對自己說，千萬不可太高興，苦難也許馬上就要降臨??

②我們已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了提醒，提醒的后綴詞總是災(zāi)禍。災(zāi)禍似乎成了提醒的專利，把提醒也染得充滿了淡淡的貶義。

③我們已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了在提醒中過日子。看的見的恐懼和看不見的恐懼始終像烏鴉盤旋在頭頂。

④在皓月當(dāng)空的良宵，提醒會走出來對你說：注意風(fēng)暴。于是我們忽略了皎潔的月光，急急忙忙做好風(fēng)暴來臨前的一切準(zhǔn)備。當(dāng)我們睜大眼睛枕戈待旦之時，風(fēng)暴卻像遲歸的羊群，不知在哪里徘徊。當(dāng)我們實在忍受不了等待災(zāi)難的煎熬時，我們甚至?xí)阂馄谂物L(fēng)暴早些到來。

⑤在許多夜晚，風(fēng)暴始終沒有降臨。我們辜負(fù)了冰冷如銀的月光。

⑥風(fēng)暴終于姍姍地來了。我們悵然地發(fā)現(xiàn)，所做的準(zhǔn)備多半是沒用的。事先能夠抵御的風(fēng)險畢竟有限，世上無法預(yù)計的災(zāi)難卻是無限的。戰(zhàn)勝災(zāi)難靠的更多的是臨門一腳，先前的惴惴不安都幫不上忙。

⑦當(dāng)風(fēng)暴的尾巴終于遠(yuǎn)去，我們回到凌亂的家園。氣還沒有喘勻，新的提醒有智慧地響起來，我們又開始對未來充滿恐懼的期待。

⑧人生總是有災(zāi)難。其實大多數(shù)人早已練就了對災(zāi)難的從容，我們知識還沒有學(xué)會災(zāi)難間隙的快活。我們太多注重了自己警覺苦難，我們太忽視了提醒我們幸福。

⑨請從此注意幸福！

⑩幸福也需要提醒嗎？

⑾提醒注意跌倒??提醒注意路滑??提醒受騙上當(dāng)??提醒榮辱不驚??先哲們提醒了我們一萬零一次，卻不提醒我們幸福。

⑿也許他們認(rèn)為幸福不提醒也跑不了的。也許他們以為好的你自會珍惜，用不著諄諄告誡。也許他們太崇尚血與火，覺得幸福無足掛齒。他們總是站在危崖上，指點(diǎn)我們逃離未來的苦難。

⒀但避去苦難之后的時間是什么？ ⒁那就是幸福啊！

⒂享受幸福是需要學(xué)習(xí)的，當(dāng)幸福即將來臨的時刻需要提醒。人可以自然而然地學(xué)會感官的享樂，人卻無法天生地掌握幸福的韻律。靈魂的快意同器官的舒適像一對孿生兄弟，時而南轅北轍。

⒃幸福是一種心靈的震顫。它像會傾聽音樂的耳朵一樣，需要不斷的訓(xùn)練。

⒄簡言之，幸福就是沒有痛苦的時刻。它出現(xiàn)的頻率并不像我們想象的那樣少。人們常常只是在幸福的金馬車已經(jīng)過去很遠(yuǎn)，揀起地上的金鬃毛時說，原來我見過她。

⒅人們喜愛回味幸福的標(biāo)本，卻忽略幸福披著露水散發(fā)清香的時刻。那時侯我們往往步履匆匆，瞻前顧后不知在忙些什么。世上有預(yù)報臺風(fēng)的，有預(yù)報蝗蟲的，有預(yù)報瘟疫的，有預(yù)報地震的，卻沒有人預(yù)報幸福。

19．作者為什么要提醒幸福？（3分）

20．作者在文中不止一次提到“幸福”，試分析作者筆下“幸福”有什么含義？（3分）

21．作者認(rèn)為人生有災(zāi)難也有幸福，對待災(zāi)難和幸福應(yīng)該各持什么態(tài)度？（4分）

22．第⑥自然段中加點(diǎn)的“臨門一腳”，我們應(yīng)該怎樣理解？（5分）

23．第⒄自然段中“它出現(xiàn)的頻率并不像我們想象的那樣少”一句中，“它”指什么？為什么我們會感覺“那樣少” ？（5分）

五、語言表達(dá)。（5分）

下面是名人巧答的故事，請試著替名人作答。

24．有一次，林肯正在擦皮靴，某外交官不無揶揄地問：“總統(tǒng)先生，你總是擦自己的靴子嗎？”林肯不動聲色地回答：“。”

六、作文

依依翠柳，郁郁繁花，嫩嫩春筍，茵茵小草??萬物被溫暖照亮，生機(jī)勃勃，盡情展示大自然的絢麗。在青春旅途中，你也常被溫暖照亮：眷眷親情，殷殷師恩，醇醇友愛??讓你坎坷變坦途，郁悶變快樂，單調(diào)變精彩，蓬勃向上，縱情演義成長的浪漫。請以“被溫暖照亮”為話題，寫一篇文章。

要求：①寫一篇記敘文，題目自擬。②500字左右。③ 要有自己的體驗和感悟。④書寫要規(guī)范、整潔。

高一語文第二單元測試題答案

一、選擇題。每小題3分，共15分。

1、C（A 渣滓zǐ B 嗤笑chī D 差強(qiáng)人意chā 粗糙 cāo）

2、B（鎖——瑣）

3、A（洛陽紙貴：稱頌杰出的作品風(fēng)行一時。不容分說：分說指辯白，解說。不容人分辨解釋，不容許分辨說明。巧立名目：變法兒定出些名目來達(dá)到某種不正當(dāng)?shù)哪康摹Ｗ繁舅菰矗罕扔髯肪渴虑榘l(fā)生的原因。）

4．D（事變:軍事政治方面的重大變故。事端：事故，糾紛。績效：成績、成效 業(yè)績：建立的功勞和完成的事業(yè)；重大的成就。）5．C

二、默寫。每空1分。6．貽我彤管 彤管有煒 7．自牧歸荑 洵美且異 8．抱布貿(mào)絲 匪來貿(mào)絲 9．猶可說也 不可說也 10．春與秋其代序 11．恐美人之遲暮 12．西出陽關(guān)無故人 13．一片冰心在玉壺 14．病樹前頭萬木春 15．向陽花木易為春 16．映日荷花別樣紅

三、文言文閱讀

17．孔子路過，讓子路去詢問渡口在哪里

18．像洪水一樣的壞東西到處都是，你們同誰去改變它呢？

四、現(xiàn)代文閱讀

19．人們總認(rèn)為自己生活在痛苦之中，不珍惜自己已經(jīng)擁有的幸福。

20．作者筆下的幸福是指沒有痛苦的時刻。21．我們對待災(zāi)難要敢于面對它并且想方設(shè)法戰(zhàn)勝它；對待幸福要充分珍惜并且要學(xué)會享受幸福，這樣才能快樂相伴。22．“臨門一腳”指當(dāng)你處在幸福與災(zāi)難的邊緣時，要敢于打破傳統(tǒng)的觀念，沖破陰霾，這樣才能得到幸福。23．“它”指幸福。本來幸福并不少，但是人們習(xí)慣于提醒災(zāi)難，故而幸福顯得少了許多。

五、語言表達(dá)

24．是啊，那你是經(jīng)常擦誰的靴子呢？

第五篇：Chapter 2 被動語態(tài)(教案)

Chapter 2 被動語態(tài)

一 概念：當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的執(zhí)行時，謂語的形式叫主動語態(tài)；當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的承受者時，謂語的形式叫做被動語態(tài)。

二 構(gòu)成“助動詞be+過去分詞”主動詞be有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化，也可以構(gòu)成否定或疑問句。

不同時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)例句

Once environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the system to recover.This city was liberated=(be+liberate+ed)+ed in 1948.=被=be+ed We liberated the city in 1948.The matter will be discussed tomorrow.The question is being discussed at present.The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital.The bridge has been built this month

The tickets had been sold out before I came to the cinema He said the book would be returned as soon as he finished it.三、用法： 需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者;2 只知道動作的承受者，不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者； 論述科技內(nèi)容的文體需要強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀性和科學(xué)性。

四、不及物動詞或動詞短語無被動語態(tài)：

appear, die disappear, end(vi.結(jié)束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.After the fire, very little remained of my house.比較： rise, fall, happen是不及物動詞；raise, seat是及物動詞。

(錯)The price has been risen.(對)The price has risen.(錯)The accident was happened last week.(對)The accident happened last week.(錯)The price has raised.(對)The price has been raised.(錯)Please seat.(對)Please be seated.要想正確地使用被動語態(tài)，就須注意哪些動詞是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特別是一詞多義的動詞往往有兩種用法。解決這一問題唯有在學(xué)習(xí)過程中多留意積累。

五、不能用于被動語態(tài)的及物動詞或動詞短語： fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to This key just fits the lock.Your story agrees with what had already been heard.六、系動詞無被動語態(tài)：

appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn

1）It sounds good.2）The steel feels cold

3)The method proved(to be)effective.七、帶同源賓語的及物動詞，反身代詞，相互代詞，不能用于被動語態(tài)： die, death, dream, live, life

She dreamed a bad dream last night.八、當(dāng)賓語是不定式時，很少用于被動語態(tài)。

(對)She likes to swim.(錯)To swim is liked by her.九、“be+過去分詞”并不一定都是被動語態(tài)，有時是系表結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)“be+過去分詞”表示動作時為被動語態(tài)，be是助動詞，be后面的過去分詞是主要動詞，動作的對象是主語；當(dāng)“be +過去分詞”表示主語所處的狀態(tài)時為系表結(jié)構(gòu)，be是連系動詞。be后面的過去分詞是表語，相當(dāng)于形容詞。其區(qū)分辦法如下：

1．如果強(qiáng)調(diào)動作或句中有介詞by引導(dǎo)出動作的執(zhí)行者，該句一般為被動語態(tài)，否則為系表結(jié)構(gòu)。例如: :

The glass is brok． 玻璃杯碎了。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）

The glass was broken by the boy．玻璃杯被那男孩打碎了。（被動語態(tài)）

2．如果句中有地點(diǎn)、頻率或時間狀語時，一般為被動語態(tài)。如：

The magazine is published in Shanghai．這家雜志出版于上海。（被動語態(tài)）

The door is locked． 門鎖著。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）The door has already/just been locked．門已經(jīng)/剛剛被鎖上。（被動語態(tài)）The shop is opened．這家商店開門了。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）The shop is opened at 8 a.m.everyday．這家商店每天上午八點(diǎn)開門。（被動語態(tài)

3．被動語態(tài)除用于一般時態(tài)和完成時態(tài)外，還可以用于其他各種時態(tài)，而系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的系動詞be只有一般時態(tài)和完成時態(tài)。

所以下列句子都是被動語態(tài)：

The machine is being repaired． 機(jī)器正在修。

A new school will be built here． 這里將要建一所新學(xué)校。

十、用某些不及物動詞表示被動意義，如carry ,cut, drive, iron, keep, lock, open, pick, read, sell, shut, tear, wash, wear, write等等。這類動詞 既能作及物動詞，也能作不及物動詞。作不及物動詞時，形式上雖為主動，卻表示被動意義。例如：

Meat cuts easily.肉容易切。

His novel sells well.他的小說暢銷。

The car drove easily.這車很容易開。

Your pen writes quite smoothly.你的筆寫起來很滑。

在上述句子中，主語通常指物，起動作承受者的作用，也可以說是不及物動詞的邏輯賓語。但是有時也有用人稱主語的。例如：

The girl does not photograph well.這女孩不上像。

比較：The girl has not been photographed well.這女孩的照片沒拍好。

十一、某些感覺動詞的主動態(tài)表示被動意義。例如：

This shirt feels much softer than that one.這件襯衫比那件襯衫摸起來柔軟得多

That book smells old.那本書有一股霉味。

These oranges taste nice.這些橙子味道很好。

以上這些動詞都不能用進(jìn)行時表示。若用進(jìn)行時，則表示主動含義。

比較：The child is smelling the paint.小孩正在聞油漆的氣味。

十二、動詞get,come,go之后接過去分詞，表示被動意義。get的這種用法局限于口語和非正式的書面語言，更強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的結(jié)果而非動作本身，并常用來表示突發(fā)性的、出乎意料的偶然事件。而come和go常接含否定意義的過去分詞。例如：

After working selflessly in here for several years, Mr Li got promoted at last.李先生在此地?zé)o私地干了好幾年，終于得到提升。

They got delayed because of the holiday traffic.由于節(jié)日交通阻塞，他們被耽誤了。

The buttons on my coat came undone.我上衣的扣子松開了。

The woman”s complaints went unnoticed.那位女士的投訴無人理睬。

十三、在need(want,require,deserve,etc.)doing句型 中，動名詞(doing)相當(dāng)于動詞不定式的被動式(to be done)，在意思上沒有多大差別。例如：

The garden needs watering.The garden needs to be watered.花園需要澆水。

The problem requires studying with great care.

The problem requires to be studied with great care.這個問題需要仔細(xì)研究。

These jobs want doing at once.

These jobs want to be done at once.這些工作需要馬上就做。

用法相似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有bear doing, stand doing, be worth doing,習(xí)慣不用動詞不定式。如： That won”t bear thinking of.那是不堪想像的。

The little girl can”t stand criticizing.小女孩經(jīng)不起批評。

The food is not worth eating.這種飯菜不值一吃。

It”s well worth making the effort to learn how to do it.很值得花一番功夫去學(xué)會怎么做這事。

值得注意的是，在be worth doing句型中，只能用 動名詞的主動式，而在be worthy to be done中，才能用動詞不定式的被動式，兩者不可混淆。

十四、在某些性質(zhì)形容詞＋動詞不定式的句型中，其動詞不定式的主動形式表示被動意義。（difficult, easy, hard, comfortable, pleasant, fit, unfit, light , heavy, good, safe, dangerous）例如：

The question is easy to answer.這問題容易回答。

That book is difficult to understand.那本書難懂。

在這種句型結(jié)構(gòu)中，動詞不定式和主語的關(guān)系實際上是一種邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，可以說是動詞不定式作主語變換來的，相當(dāng)于It”s easy to answer the question.和It”s difficult to understand that book.由于把動詞賓語放在主語位置，所以和不定式的關(guān)系構(gòu)成一種被動關(guān)系。

7、有些動詞不定式不論用主動形式還是被動形式，動詞不定式和主語的關(guān)系都是被動的。例如：

Nobody was to blame(to be blamed)for the accident.這個事故，誰也不能責(zé)怪。

The house is to let(to be let).這房子出租。

There are a lot of books to read(to be read).有許多書要讀。

Those cars are to rent(to be rented).那些汽車出租。