第一篇：關于大學英語四級改革新題型的做題方法以及心得體會

關于大學英語四級改革新題型的做題方法以及心得體會：

一、寫作部分：

根據歷年四級考試的寫作題型我們可以總結出大學英語 級的寫作考察類型分為兩種：圖畫式作文和話題型作文。圖畫式作文即根據所給漫畫表達出漫畫中的主要內容并且寫出自己的觀點，其一般的下筆思路為：①先提取圖畫中的英文并分析要表達的內容②根據題目中所給的中心話題展開整片作文的構思③結合中心話題和漫畫中給出的英文提示構建整片作文的基本框架；話題型作文——典型的議論文（這類作文的寫作模式很固定，即三段論，一段也不要少一段也不要多）即在作文題目中直接給出本次寫作的中心話題，不會出現提示性的話語,所有的內容都要靠考生自己去構建，其一般的下筆思路為：①分析題目中的話題（最好能看懂這個話題的意思）②思考這個話題應該如何去寫。

★雖然圖畫式作文和話題性作文都有各自的特點，但是他們的寫作模式永遠不變即上面提到的三段論，對一種現象展開論述并擺明自己的觀點，而自己的觀點你可以放到最后一段。下面就是三段論的書寫格式（方法）：

我們可以回一下高中的語文作文老師交給我們的議論文書寫要點即論點、論據、論證過程以及最后一段的收尾。英語議論文沒有這么麻煩，只需三步：①第一段寫出此次作文的中心論點然后對這個論點做簡單分析，就是簡單寫出產生這個現象的原因，所以第一段叫做Main Idea，而且要寫出你自己的觀點②那么第二段我們要寫的就是支持性的論據（Supporting Points），說到論據，你肯定會問怎樣的話語才算是論據，論據就是名人說過的話、名人事跡、已經發生過的真實的事情、歷史、新聞調查、數據等等③對整篇文章進行總結即Conclusion，對前文進行簡要的總結，適當深入寫作更好。

1、注意短語和常用句型的積累

2、學會分析寫作題目中的內容并獲得與本次寫作的相關信息

3、寫出自己的觀點，切記不敢太隨意，要切題寫自己的觀點（這一點很重要）

下面是一些句型和短語，寫作的時候有相近的意思可以套用：

★ 引出自己觀點的句型和短語：

①Different people have different opinions towards one question, however，I think……….不同的人對同一件事兒有不同的看法，然而，我認為………

②In my opinion/From my perspective……在我看來….③In order to …….(一般是解決問題即in order to solve the problem), I/we should…..(這里要寫出我該怎么做)④What more important is that…..更重要的是…..⑤……,including…..包括…..★ 分析現象的句子：

①Recently/In recent years, there has been/is many(加可數名詞)/much（加不可數名詞）……..in our society/country或in the world, these issues have aroused intense argument/debate.Some think…….(一些人認為)Others think……（其他人認為）這兩個直接套用圖畫中給出的英文提示

②What lead to this matter/situation is that ……….(導致這個問題原因是……)③It leads to/causes……(后果、結果、現象)④Study/research shows….研究表明…..⑤It’s obvious that…..很明顯

⑥There is no doubt that….毫無疑問…… ★用的最多的短語：

Persuade sb.To do sth.勸說某人做某事

On the contrary與此相反（=Instead）

Besides/moreover除此之外

（這三個詞后面要加逗號

切記）Look forward to doing sth.盼望/期待做某事

Consider doing sth.考慮做某事

Take sth.into consideration將某事考慮在內

To my/our surprise讓我/我們感到驚訝的是

Out of work實業

out of date過時的 In a …..(special)way 以一種特殊的方式 Deal with/solve the problem解決問題 In other word換句話說 Draw a conclusion得出結論

The difference between A and B

A與B的區別 A number of大量的

In fact事實上

in the end最后（作總結的時候用）

2、可以當做論據的名言：

Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。Well begun is half done.好的開端是成功的一半。Look before you leap.First think, then act.三思而后行。Time is money.時間就是金錢。

A friend in need is a friend indeed.患難見真交。After a storm comes a calm.雨過天晴。All roads lead to Rome.條條大路通羅馬。A good medicine tastes bitter.良藥苦口。

Keeping is harder than winning.創業不易，守業更難。Let‘s cross the bridge when we come to it.船到橋頭自然直。

More haste, less speed.欲速則不達。No pains, no gains.不勞則無獲。

Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.世上無難事，只要肯登攀。

Where there is life, there is hope.生命不息，希望常在。An idle youth, a needy age.少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲。A plant may produce new flowers;man is young but once.花有重開日，人無再少年。God helps those who help themselves.自助者，天助之。

What may be done at any time will be done at no time.明日待明日，明日不再來。

All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作，不玩耍，聰明孩子也變傻。

Diligence is the mother of success.勤奮是成功之母。Take care of the pence, and the pounds will take care of themselves.積少自然成多。

No man is wise at all times.智者千慮，必有一失。Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.今天能做的事絕不要拖到明天。

Kill two birds with one stone.一石雙鳥。Easier said than done.說起來容易做起來難。Genius is one percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration.天才一分來自靈感，九十九分來自勤奮。Action speak louder than words.事實勝于雄辯。Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.胸中有知識，勝于手中有金錢

二、聽力： 方法： 短對話和長對話：聽到什么就選什么（聽到哪個選項就選哪個選項）

短文理解（聽到什么千萬不敢選什么）

填空（先把聽到的單詞寫出來再去聽其他的不會的單詞 老趙 記住把你買的題里面的哪個單詞小冊子多看讀里面有歷年的填空單詞 不要可以的去背 讀多了自然會記住 下一年會有重復）

三、閱讀理解：

1、選詞填空：把新視野1-3冊上的選詞填空多做做 方法是：先不看文章 先把給出的詞的詞性標出來 然后根據空白處的句子判斷這個空需要什么詞性 最后把文章讀一遍確認意思是否正確

2、快速閱讀（現在改成了匹配題就是根據題號看是原文里那一段的意思）：你別看文章 直接看題目 帶著題目快速在文章里找相同意思的段落 一定要盡快 在這兒別浪費太多的時間 一個題目找不到就趕緊找下一個 不影響下面的答題

3、深度閱讀：同樣不看文章 直接看題目 在文章里找和題目中選項意思相同和相近的話 這兒有個小技巧：每一個題號一般和文章的段落相對應

四、翻譯（翻譯里面最重要的是翻譯準確了就行 不要求用多好的句子 所以 新視野 你懂得）

語法： There be 句型（意思是“有”）倒裝句 虛擬語氣

把這三個句型看會 上網查 還有1.中秋習俗

在中國月餅是一種特殊的食品，廣受海內外華人的歡迎。中秋吃月餅就好比圣誕節吃餡餅(mince pies)。為了慶祝中秋節，中國人通常做兩件事：一是觀賞滿月。二是品嘗美味的月餅。中秋節是每年農歷八月十五日。據說，這一天的月亮是一年中最圓的。而月亮正是慶賀中秋的全部主題。在中國人眼中，月餅象征著全家人的大團圓。參考譯文：

Moon cakes are aspecial kind of food in China.They are very popular with the Chinese at homeand abroad.Moon cakes are to Mid-Autumn Festival what mince pies are toChristmas.To celebrate Mid-Autumn Festival, Chinese usually do two things:enjoy the full moon and eat delicious moon cakes.Mid-Autumn Festival falls onthe 15 day of the 8 month of the lunar calendar.Itis the time when the moon is said to be at its brightest and fullest.And themoon is what this

th

thcelebration is all about.In the eyes of the Chinese people ,a moon cake symbolizes the reunion of all family members 2.傳統藝術

皮影戲又稱“影子戲”。它是中國著名民間戲劇形式之一。表演時藝人通常一邊演唱一邊操縱用獸皮或紙板制作的人物形象。它們的影子通過燈光出現在簾布上。這營造了有人物在活動的幻象。有時表演者需要控制三到四個偶人。皮影戲在我國歷史悠久，元代時還曾傳到世界上很多國家，迷倒了不少國外戲迷，被人們親切地稱為“中國影燈”。參考譯文

The shadow puppetplay, also known as ‘shadow play’, is one of China’s famous folk opera forms.During the performance, players usually sing while holing/manipulating humanfigures, which are made of animal skin and paper board.The shadows of thosehuman figures are reflected on a curtain through the light.This creates theillusion of moving images.Sometimes the performer needs to control three orfour puppets.Shadow puppet play enjoys a long history in China.It was introducedto many countries during the Yuan Dynasty and attracted many foreign audience.They call the art form Chinese shadow play.3.社交饑渴

手機，是一項偉大的發明。但很顯然，手機也刷新了人與人的關系。會議室門口通常貼著一條公告：請與會者關閉手機。可是，會議室里手機鈴聲仍然響成一片。我們都是普通人，并沒有多少特別重要的事情。盡管如此，我們也不會輕易關掉手機。打開手機象征著我們與這個世界的聯系。顯然，手機反映出我們的“社交饑渴癥”。(thirst for socialization)參考譯文

The cell phone is agreat invention.But obviously, It has altered the relationship among people.There is usually a notice on the door of the meeting room, which reads, “Pleaseturn off your hand-set.” However, phones ring now and then when the meetinggoes on.We are but ordinary people and have few urgencies to tackle with.Nevertheless, we will not switch off our phones easily.Phones-on symbolizesour connecting with this world.Obviously, cell phone has been reflecting our“thirst for socialization”.4.北京介紹

北京是座有三千年歷史的古城。早在公元前十一世紀，北京就是燕國的國都，因此北京有燕京之稱。在以后的幾千年里，北京又成為金、元、明、清各朝的國都。北京是中國的六大古都之一，其他五個是西安、南京、洛陽、開封和杭州。北京是座既古老又年輕的城市，有許多名勝古跡。從故宮、天壇到頤和園，你們可以看到北京保留了許多昔日的風采。

參考譯文

Beijing is anancient city with a history of 3,000 years.As early as the 11th century, B.C.,it was the capital of the Kingdom of Yan;that's why Beijing is also known asYanjing.In the few thousand years afterwards, Beijing again served as thecapital for the Jin,Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties.Beijing is one of China'ssix ancient capitals;the other five are Xi’an，Nanjing, Luoyang, Kaifeng, and Hangzhou.Beijing is a city both old and young, with many places of historical interestand scenic beauty.From the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, and theSummer Palace, you can see that Beijing has retained a lot of color of oldChinese life.5.生活習慣

多少年來，我養成了一個習慣：每天早晨四點在黎明以前起床工作。我不出去跑步或散步，而是一下床就干活兒。因此我對黎明前的北京的了解是在屋子里感覺到的。我從前在什么報上讀過一篇文章，講黎明時分天安門廣場上的清潔工人。那情景必然是非常動人的，可惜我從未能見到，只是心向往之而已。

參考譯文

For many years, Ihave been in the habit of getting up before daybreak to start work at four.Instead of going out for a jog or walk, I’ll set about my work as soon as I’mout of bed.As a result, it is from inside my study that I've got the feel ofpredawn Beijing.Years ago, I hit upon a newspaper article about streetcleaners in Tian’anmen Square at daybreak.It must have been a very movingscene, but what a pity I haven’t seen it with my own eyes.I can only pictureit in my mind longingly.6.電腦技術 有些人擔心電腦技術的廣泛使用會進一步惡化就業形勢。但另一種觀點認為盡管這對個人來說會丟掉飯碗，對整個社會來說由于提高了生產率，因而有利于經濟的發展。不管對社會影響如何，有一點是肯定的：有技術的人變得越來越吃香，沒技術的人工作越來越難找。

參考譯文

Some people areworrying that the wide use of computer technology will cause furtherunemployment.Another argument however holds that although some individualswill lose their jobs society as a whole will benefit economically throughincreases in productivity.Despite its effects on society one thing is certain:the technically trained will become ever more valuable while the jobs for theblue-collar population will become less available.7.個人集體

不管是在一個公司，還是在一個政府里，重大的決定總是個人作出的，而不是集體。我們需要集體的討論，因為可以交流看法和經驗。但是集體討論不能代替個人的作用。理由很清楚，如要作出一個重大的決定，集體總是不能對迅速變化的事件作出同樣迅速的反應。參考譯文

An importantdecision is always made by individuals not by committees whether it involves acompany or a government.We need committees because that’s where people couldshare their opinions and experiences.But they could not replace individuals.The reason is obvious: a committee faced with a major decision can’t alwaysmove as quickly as the events it is trying to respond to.8.文化交流

文化是不同國家的人們互相理解的最佳媒體。通過舉辦文化節，許多中國城市在世界上的知名度提高了。已經證明，對促進中國人民和世界其他地方人民之間的交流來說，這是最好的途徑之一。這種交流不僅僅限于文化方面，還擴大到了經濟和其他領域。參考譯文

Culture is the bestmedium for people of different countries to understand each other.Throughculture festivals, many cities in China have raised their prestige in theworld.As has been proven that, this is one of the best ways to promote thecommunication between Chinese people and the people from different parts of theworld.This kind of communication is not only confined to culture, but extendsto economy and other fields.

第二篇：大學英語四級議論文題型及.

問題解決型議論文 *寫作模式： 1.提出問題現象 2.分析問題產生的原因 3.提出解決方法或期望 *常用句型 問題陳述部分

1.Nowadays, … has become a serious problem we have to face.2.With the development of modern industry, more and more people are concerned about the problem of…

3.Recently, the problem of … has aroused/captured/drawn/caught worldwide attention.4.Nowadays more and more people come to realize the importance of …

5.It is undeniable/There is no denying the fact that… has become the utmost concern among people nowadays.原因分析部分

1.The reasons can be listed as follows.For one thing… For another… 2.It is no easy job to find out the reasons for the problem, which involves several different factors.On the one hand… On the other hand… Finally…

3.There are a variety of reasons for this phenomenon.One important reason is… What’s more… To make things worse,…

問題解決部分

1.People have figured out many ways to solve this problem.Firstly… Secondly… Finally…

???It is high time that we figured out ways to deal with the problem.Here are a few examples of some of the measures that might be taken immediately.???There is no easy approach to this issue, but …might be of some help.???No effective solution is at hand to tackle the problem, but the general awareness of importance of … must be enhanced at first.表達期望部分

???We do not have a perfect solution at present, but as long as we do it with our brains and hands, we will resolve the problem eventually.???As this problem is very complicated, people can hardly rely on one way to solve it completely.???I am confident/positive/sure that a perfect solution will be found in future.???I am looking forward to a day when people can live together in more harmony 范文

How to Eliminate Cheating on Campus 1.當前校園中存在許多作弊現象 2.解決這一問題的辦法是……

Nowadays.instead of listening attentively in class and working hard after class, a number of students adopt all kinds of dishonest methods to get high scores in examinations.It has become such a serious problem that it has aroused the concern from the whole society.To put an end to such a serious problem, in my opinion, it calls for the efforts from all sides.First of all, the university authority should make it clear that any cheating behaviors in the examinations, such as whispering and copying, receiving answers via mobile phones to asking others for help, will be severely punished with no exception.Moreover, teachers of all subjects should go all the way to restore honesty by setting an example for the youth through speaking sincerely and behaving truthfully.Last but not least, young students, the future of our nation, should view integrity誠實 as the prerequisite先決條件 to an upright誠實的and responsible citizen so as to learn to fight dishonest behaviors throughout the society.Only when all of us join in the efforts of eliminating消除 cheating at all levels can we expect to have a cleaner society and a more beautiful future.對立觀點型：?結構圖 引出話題 /

一種觀點認為…… 另一種觀點認為…… ↓

我的觀點（結論）

??(一點明文章主題的常用句式

??When it come to ``````, opinions vary from person to person.??當談到```````時,不同的人對此有不同的看法.??Different people have different views/perspectives/opinions on``````` ??不同的人對``````有不同的看法.??5.There is an argument/much disagreement/no consensus(n.同感 of opinions among people concerning/over/as to /on`````` ??關于``````,人們的看法不盡相同.??6.The issue of whether…..or not has been widely/hotly argued/debated.??關于是否要``````的話題,如今正在被廣論/熱烈地討論.??(二具體介紹兩種對立式觀點的常用句式

??Some people suggest/maintain/hold the opinion that ``````But/However/While/Nevertheless/Yet/other people hold a different point of view`````` ??有些人認為``````,但是另外一些人卻持有不同的觀點.??Some people are inclined to think that…On the contrary/In contrast, there are still many people who won’t agree, and they claim…

??一些人往往認為``````,但是仍然有些人對此表示異議,他們認為`````` ??When it comes to …some people think/believe that… while others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true.??當談及``````的時候,有些人認為``````,但是其他人卻站在相反意見的一邊.??Those who criticize/oppose to/object to…argue that…But people who advocate/favor…,on the other hand, maintain/assert that…l ??那些批評/反對``````的人認為``````,但是贊成``````的人認為``````(三陳述個人觀點

??1.As far as I am concerned/For my part, I would like to agree to the former.??就我而言,我贊同前一種觀點.??2.As to me , I agree to the latter opinion to certain extent.??就我而言,我比較同意后一種觀點.??3.I’m in favor of……/I’m on the side of …… ??我贊成`````` ??4.In my opinion, both sides are partly right when we……we should take into consideration all aspects of the problems and then make the right decision.??我認為雙方都有一定的道理.當我們``````我們應該全面考慮問題,然后做出正確的決定

參考文章:

1.有些人認為某些數字會帶來好運。

2.也有些人認為數字與運氣無關。

3.試說明你的看法。

①When asked about lucky numbers, different people will offer different opinions.Some people think that ② lucky numbers can bring good luck.They hold this view because ③they believe lucky numbers will help them fulfill their wishes-to be rich or successful.④However, there are still many people who won't agree.They argue that ⑤ such kind of idea is only ignorant無知的 and superstitious迷信的 belief.Besides, ⑥they think numbers are just numbers and each number is equal in its importance.⑦Personally, I am on the side of the latter后者 argument.For one thing, ⑧ numbers, including lucky numbers, are just a tool for counting, They don't have magic power.For another, ⑨whether we will have good luck or not depends on ourselves instead of lucky numbers, If we work hard and make good preparations, good luck will come to us.⑩Therefore, lucky numbers don't bring good luck.It is our hard work and good preparations that bring us good luck.說明利弊型 描述某一現象 分析其優點 分析其缺點 我的態度和看法 說明事物優點的常用句型

…?????????????????????????????????????????????????’????????

…????????????????????????????????????????????????????’???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????說明缺點的常用句型

????????????????????????????????????????????????

???????????????????????????????????????????????????…?????????????????說明事物利大于弊的常用句型

????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

????????????????????????…?????????????????????????????????????????范文

The Two-day Weekend

1.雙休日給大學生帶來的好處。

2.雙休日可能給大學生帶來的問題。

3.我應當怎樣過好雙休日。

The two-day weekend

The advance of science and technology makes people have more free time.Nowadays, we have two-day weekend.The weekend can bring benefits to college students because they can have much more leisure time.Sports fans can play in the playground.Some students who are interested in social work can join many clubs.Of course, we also can get a part time job to gain some work experience.On the contrary, the two-day weekend also arouses problems.There is a growing concern over the students who don't put too much attention to their study.For example, some students always idle away their time, playing cards, drinking, gambling.These problems are really serious.Taking into account all these factors, we can safely come to the conclusion that the students will waste more time if they don't make good use of it.As a student, busy as I am with my study, I also do many interesting things such as reading novels, writing articles at the two-day weekends.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.It is really true.闡述主題型

闡明觀點或提出問題 擺出事實和理由加以論述 得出結論

引出格言，諺語的常用句型

? ?

?

舉例說明的常用句型

/For example

事實證明的常用句式

?

?indicate/reveal/show/prove that?

?

結論性結尾常用句型

have been discussed above ,we may reach /draw the conclusion that?

sum up /On the whole, it is important that?

favor of the former/ the latter.范文

一、Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way 1.怎樣理解“有志者事竟成” 2.例如。。3.結論

Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way There is an old saying that “Where there is a will, there is a way”, which means as long as a person possess a strong will he will certainly accomplish a task no matter how difficult it is.In other words, one of the most important things to achieve success is a firm resolution.This is the case in all walks of life(各行各業.For example, Karl Marx spent five years on his greatest work Das Kapital.（資本論）Cao Xueqin spent ten years on his world famous book Dreams of Red Chamber.Without a strong will and firm determination they couldn’t have fulfilled such brilliant works.However, some people don’t have the fearless spirit.Whenever they meet difficulty they draw back from it.As a result, they never accomplish anything.Therefore, if we wish to succeed, we must first have a resolution and remember the saying “ Where there is a will, there is a way.” ?????? ?詞的替代

??People/person→individual, characters, folks ??good →perfect, excellent, outstanding

??many →an army of, an ocean of, a sea of ,a multitude（大批的）of ??some →quiet a few ,several

??think /in my opinion→take the attitude that, harbor(懷有the idea that, hold the view that, it’s widely shared that, for my part, from my own perspective(觀點 ??thing →affair, business, matter ??aspect →facet, sphere

??fear→ Be fearful of(adj.→n.??For example → to name only a few, take…as an example??remember → bear in mind that

第三篇：中考英語閱讀理解題型及做題方法

中考英語閱讀理解題型及解題技巧

一、保持良好狀態

良好的精神狀態對于考場上的考生來說非常重要。因為只有在心理放松的情況下，同學們的精力才能夠集中，思維才會敏捷，才能將自己的真實水平發揮出來。所以保持良好的精神狀態尤為重要。

二、抓住中心句

閱讀短文之前，先看短文是否有標題。若有，應給予高度重視。因為標題是文章主題的高度凝聚，它能給我們啟發和想象，有利于加深對短文的理解，從而提高做題效率。另外，在沒有標題的情況下，應充分重視短文的首、尾句。因為大多數文章都是按照“總分總”的結構布局的。據統計，英語中有60%-90%的主題句位于段首和段尾，短文的其他文字往往是對這些中心句的解釋和說明。

三、判斷有理有據

對于推理性或評價性之類的閱讀理解題目，在材料中一般是找不到現成答案的，必須通讀全篇，對所獲信息加以篩選、提煉、推斷，對作者的思想傾向，對文中提及的人物或事件可能產生的結局等，加以綜合考慮才能得出正確結論。對這種題，不能以偏概全，不能“只見樹木，不見森林”，不能以個人的想法代替作者的意圖。

四、提高閱讀速度

由于考試的時間有限，在保證不出偏差的前提下，一定要盡可能地提高閱讀速度。倘若能注意克服以下不良習慣，就可以大大提高閱讀速度：1.心讀。這是非常不好的習慣，一定要下決心克服。因為這樣做會直接制約著閱讀速度的提高；2.回視。閱讀中的回視是一種無效勞動，所以應一口氣把文章讀完，盡量不要回視； 3.只讀不記。應一邊閱讀一邊用筆記下與文后所設問題有關的信息。

同學們在做英語閱讀理解時一定要抓住以上四點，利用現階段的時間抓緊訓練，相信閱讀理解不再是難題

一、常見題型及解題技巧

根據歷年來全國各地中考閱讀理解題型的分析，將閱讀理解題大致歸納為以下四類：

（一）細節理解題

一般針對某個特定的細節而提供，難度較小，屬表層信息理解，考生通讀短文后可直接找出答案依據。解題技巧：

通讀短文，領會文章大意，理解文章結構層次及細節，特別注意：

1.五個W（who，which，when，where，what）和一個H（how）； 2.數字、日期、時間等；

3.注意加強語氣的詞。然后運用排除法排除不符合原文細節的選項，剩下的就是要選擇的最佳答案。

（二）詞句理解題

此題要求考生正確理解短文中的一些關鍵詞語或句子的含義，常用的方法是多種表達法、一詞多義法、同義近義或反義提示法、習語釋文法及句型轉換法等。解題技巧：

1.正確理解題意，從短文中找到相關的詞、短語或句子，根據特定的語境來判斷理解，推敲斟酌和最后確定其準確含義。2.根據上下文猜測詞義的技巧：（1）注意定義和解釋；

（2）同義詞或近義詞的提示；（3）近義詞和反義詞的提示；（4）利用懸念的屬種關系；

（5）借助已有知識或生活常識。

（三）推理判斷題

通過字里行間的閱讀，作合理的推斷。解題技巧：

1.分析文章的主旨。

2.分清文章的主要思想及次要思想。3.尋找文章的邏輯思路。

4.核對問題中各項選擇與文章中有關詞句的聯系

（四）歸納概括題

此題主要針對文章的主題、中心思想、文章的結構層次（主題句或主題段），要求學生在理解全文后歸納短文要點，概括中心思路。

中考閱讀破解

一、猜測詞義法：遇到生詞時，要根據上下文進行推測，確定該詞的確定含義。具體的方法有：

1.根據上下文已知內容進行邏輯上的推理。2.利用定義線索猜詞。3.利用解析線索猜詞。

4.利用同意詞或反義詞線索猜詞。5.利用構詞法知識猜詞。

6.利用因果關系猜詞，可借助because, since, so等詞。7.結合語法知識進行語法分析。8.依據常識和經驗做出判斷。

二、排除法：在4個選項中，有3個選項是干擾項，干擾項往往使主題思想與細節混雜或多個細節互相混雜，甚至某些選項在文章中根本沒有敘述，這些都會干擾考生作出正確判斷，因此，不但要在文章中找出相對應的信息，還要正確的排除干擾項。

三、判斷推理法：就是根據閱讀材料中所提供的信息，推斷出未知的未知的信息。具體方法有：

1.事實推斷：首先在文章中找出據以判斷的有關詞或句子，然后加以分析，悟出字里行間的意思。

2.對作者的意圖和態度的推斷：作者的思想傾向和感情色彩往往含在字里行間。因此，既要將文章的主題思想作為推斷的前提，還應注意作者的措辭，尤其是形容詞、副詞等修飾語。3.紙袋推斷：要推斷指代詞所指的對象，關鍵在于對該詞所在的上下文的正確的理解。指代詞的單復數形式應與被指代詞的單復數形式一致。

4.邏輯推斷：根據文章所提供的背景、人物的表情、動作和語言來推斷出人物的態度或感受。

四、主題中心法：依據主題句確定短文的中心，主旨大意題歸于歸納概括類，找準文章的主題句是確定文章主旨大意的關鍵。主題句一般在文中的首段、末段或每段的首、尾句中，有時也出現在一些段落的中間位置。

五、結構分析法：是在閱讀時，通過理清文章的框架結構、各段主旨及部分之間邏輯上的聯系，從而從全局上把握文章內容的一種方法。這種方法要求我們在閱讀時，不應局限于詞、句、段，而應上升到篇章結構。一般采取以下步驟： 1.閱讀各段并把握其主旨大意。2.理順各段或部分之間的邏輯關系。

3.順利文章的整體結構，從整體上分析、理解文義。這樣，就可以避免由于孤立、片面地分析文章而造成的錯誤。

六、比較分析法：就是要善于將題目與原文中的有關句子進行比較、分析，要善于找出相同點與不同點，而不同點往往就是答題的關鍵，有時題目就是從文章中照搬的。答題步驟

1.先看問題，再讀文章。帶著問題閱讀短文，確定主攻方向，特別要注意首尾段和首尾句，把握文章的主題，摘取有用的材料。

2.細讀全文，認真分析與問題有關的詞匯、句子或段落，特別留心一些關鍵信息詞。

3.復讀全文，驗證答案。在選出全部答案后，應將答案帶入問題中重讀全文，看前后意思是否連貫，有無矛盾，若前后不一致或意思矛盾，則要考慮重選答案。

第四篇：英語四級 做題技巧

英語四級

聽力占35%，249 閱讀占35%，249 綜合占10%，70 寫作占20%，142

（作文106、翻譯36）總結個人經驗

一、平時做題時要整套做題，按著時間來。可以超過考試時間5分鐘。在考試前一天或者兩天做一套完整的題，按著時間，作文必不可省，必須做。

我將按著做題順序總結一下個人做題技巧，對你有用的你就按著來，沒用的就當我沒寫。不過我還是認為有必要看一下。

首先，寫作。這個部分包括兩部分作文和翻譯，共占總分的20%，大概142分，提高這部分關鍵在于平時，作文你就需要字跡工整，盡量不要涂改、勾畫。最重要的是要審清楚題目，這次的失誤大概是寫一個論述性文章。所以平時搜集的大量素材就要全面，我可以給你我的作文筆記。希望對你有幫助。

翻譯這道題，如果你最擅長這個領域，那么發下卷子做完作文后就可以先看這道題，先做它。你可以先在卷子上寫上答案，然后抄寫，原因是你本來會做卻因時間關系而寫錯了單詞，豈不后悔。其實翻譯你一看會就是會，不會就是不會。

其次，閱讀。占總分35%。249分。這里給你自信的15分鐘快速閱讀，只要把握好就沒有啥問題，關鍵在做題技巧，這個題就是讓你比對題做題，平時練習時不要氣餒，做完一定要比對答案，看看標準答案怎樣分析錯因。時間定的是15分鐘說明題不難，不要急。只要平時練習到家，你會發現自己錯的越來越少了。加油！兩篇閱讀，這兩篇一般也不會很難，閱讀中的生詞一定要查清楚意思，如果覺得任務很重那就把問題中的生詞弄明白，平時一定要靜心練習，身心投入。做完比照答案至關重要。

聽力 占總分35%，249分

聽力，由于我的聽力也不是很好，所以就帶而過了。就是要完整的聽，聽完后可以看看原對話，一般就可以多一些正確率了。就能說一點，就是聽寫句子時，只要聽見什么單詞你就寫下來。

綜合部分

選詞填空 占總分10% 70分

這個相對于我們來說太難了，我也不知道為什么70分 我得了61分，也許我檢查的時候就看這道題了。幸運。閑話少說，繼續。

這個題還是詞匯量的問題加上理解能力。考的是全面的。平時做題時要弄懂每年考試卷子上陌生詞的含義及用法。加油！

我不知道完型屬于哪一部分。但可以告訴你，六月的完型不會很難，但也不是百分百。這個題做完后一定要對照后面答案。看看為什么你會錯，還有其他選項生詞的用法和意思，答案中會有提示。多做就行。好了，加油！六月輝煌屬于你！

第五篇：大學英語四級議論文題型及!!

問題解決型議論文

寫作模板——提綱式作文

1． 對立觀點式

A.有人認為X 是好事，贊成X，為什么？

B.有人認為X 是壞事，反對X，為什么？

C.我的看法。

Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X.They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一個原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一個原因。

However, other people stand on a different ground.They consider it harmful to do X.They firmly point out that 反對X 的第一個理由。An example can give the details of this argument:

There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages.In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一個壞處。

2． 批駁觀點式

A．一個錯誤觀點。

B． 我不同意。

Many people argue that 錯誤觀點。By saying that, they mean 對這個觀點的進一步解釋。An example they have presented is that 一個例子。(According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 贊成這個錯誤觀點或者受到這個錯誤觀點的影響)。

There might be some element of truth in these people’s belief.But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 與錯誤觀點相反的觀點。There are a number of reasons behind my belief.(以下參照辯論文的議論文寫法)。

3． 社會問題(現象)式

A．一個社會問題或者現象

B． 產生的原因

C．對社會和我們生活的影響

D． 如何杜絕。(如果是問題的話)

E． 前景的預測。

Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem.(X has increasingly become a common concern of the public).According to a survey, 調查內容說明這種現象的情況。(或者是一個例子)。

There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面參照辯論式議論文寫法。

X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects.參照辯論式議論文的寫法。

A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm.同上

Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will ……..辯論式議論文模版1

Some people believe(argue, recognize, think)that 觀點1.But other people take an opposite side.They firmly believe that 觀點2.As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief.First of all, 論據1.More importantly, 論據2.Most important of all, 論據3.In summary, 總結觀點.As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或:From above, we can predict that 預測.模版2

People hold different views about X.Some people are of the opinion that 觀點1, while others point out that 觀點2.As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight.For one thing, 論據1.For another, 論據2.Last but not the least, 論據3.To conclude, 總結觀點.As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或 From above, we can predict that 預測.模版3

There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(爭論的焦點)。Some people are of the view that 觀點1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 觀點2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses.The reasons are obvious.First of all, 論據1。

Furthermore, 論據2。

Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest.That is, 論據3。

A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that總結觀點。

As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或 From above, we can predict that 預測

*寫作模式：

1.提出問題現象

2.分析問題產生的原因 3.提出解決方法或期望 *常用句型 問題陳述部分

1.Nowadays, ? has become a serious problem we have to face.2.With the development of modern industry, more and more people are concerned about the problem of?

3.Recently, the problem of ? has aroused/captured/drawn/caught worldwide attention.4.Nowadays more and more people come to realize the importance of ?

5.It is undeniable/There is no denying the fact that? has become the utmost concern among people nowadays.原因分析部分

1.The reasons can be listed as follows.For one thing? For another? 2.It is no easy job to find out the reasons for the problem, which involves several different factors.On the one hand? On the other hand? Finally? 3.There are a variety of reasons for this phenomenon.One important reason is?

What’s more? To make things worse,? 問題解決部分

1.People have figured out many ways to solve this problem.Firstly? Secondly?

Finally?

2.It is high time that we figured out ways to deal with the problem.Here are a few examples of some of the measures that might be taken immediately.3.There is no easy approach to this issue, but ?might be of some help.4.No effective solution is at hand to tackle the problem, but the general awareness of importance of ? must be enhanced at first.表達期望部分

1.We do not have a perfect solution at present, but as long as we do it with our brains and hands, we will resolve the problem eventually.2.As this problem is very complicated, people can hardly rely on one way to solve it completely.3.I am confident/positive/sure that a perfect solution will be found in future.4.I am looking forward to a day when people can live together in more harmony

范文

How to Eliminate Cheating on Campus 1.當前校園中存在許多作弊現象 2.解決這一問題的辦法是……

Nowadays.instead of listening attentively in class and working hard after class, a number of students adopt all kinds of dishonest methods to get high scores in examinations.It has become such a serious problem that it has aroused the concern from the whole society.To put an end to such a serious problem, in my opinion, it calls for the efforts from all sides.First of all, the university authority should make it clear that any cheating behaviors in the examinations, such as whispering and copying, receiving answers via mobile phones to asking others for help, will be severely punished with no exception.Moreover, teachers of all subjects should go all the way to restore honesty by setting an example for the youth through speaking sincerely and behaving truthfully.Last but not least, young students, the future of our nation, should view integrity誠實 as the prerequisite先決條件 to an upright誠實的and responsible citizen so as to learn to fight dishonest behaviors throughout the society.Only when all of us join in the efforts of eliminating消除 cheating at all levels can we expect to have a cleaner society and a more beautiful future.對立觀點型：

結構圖 引出話題 / 一種觀點認為?? 另一種觀點認為?? ↓ 我的觀點（結論）

?(一)點明文章主題的常用句式

? When it come to ``````, opinions vary from person to person.? 當談到```````時,不同的人對此有不同的看法.? Different people have different views/perspectives/opinions on``````` ? 不同的人對``````有不同的看法.? 5.There is an argument/much disagreement/no consensus(n.同感)of opinions among people concerning/over/as to /on`````` ? 關于``````,人們的看法不盡相同.? 6.The issue of whether?..or not has been widely/hotly argued/debated.? 關于是否要``````的話題,如今正在被廣論/熱烈地討論.?(二)具體介紹兩種對立式觀點的常用句式

? Some people suggest/maintain/hold the opinion that ``````But/However/While/Nevertheless/Yet/other people hold a different point of view`````` ?

有些人認為``````,但是另外一些人卻持有不同的觀點.? Some people are inclined to think that?On the contrary/In contrast, there are still many people who won’t agree, and they claim?

?

一些人往往認為``````,但是仍然有些人對此表示異議,他們認為`````` ? When it comes to ?some people think/believe that? while others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true.?

當談及``````的時候,有些人認為``````,但是其他人卻站在相反意見的一邊.? Those who criticize/oppose to/object to?argue that?But people who advocate/favor?,on the other hand, maintain/assert that?l ? 那些批評/反對``````的人認為``````,但是贊成``````的人認為``````(三)陳述個人觀點

? 1.As far as I am concerned/For my part, I would like to agree to the former.?

就我而言,我贊同前一種觀點.? 2.As to me , I agree to the latter opinion to certain extent.?

就我而言,我比較同意后一種觀點.? 3.I’m in favor of??/I’m on the side of ?? ?

我贊成`````` ? 4.In my opinion, both sides are partly right when we??we should take into consideration all aspects of the problems and then make the right decision.? 我認為雙方都有一定的道理.當我們``````我們應該全面考慮問題,然后做出正確的決定

參考文章:

1.有些人認為某些數字會帶來好運。

2.也有些人認為數字與運氣無關。

3.試說明你的看法。

①When asked about lucky numbers, different people will offer different opinions.Some people think that ② lucky numbers can bring good luck.They hold this view because ③they believe lucky numbers will help them fulfill their wishes-to be rich or successful.④However, there are still many people who won't agree.They argue that ⑤ such kind of idea is only ignorant無知的 and superstitious迷信的 belief.Besides, ⑥they think numbers are just numbers and each number is equal in its importance.⑦Personally, I am on the side of the latter后者 argument.For one thing, ⑧ numbers, including lucky numbers, are just a tool for counting, They don't have magic power.For another, ⑨whether we will have good luck or not depends on ourselves instead of lucky numbers, If we work hard and make good preparations, good luck will come to us.⑩Therefore, lucky numbers don't bring good luck.It is our hard work and good preparations that bring us good luck.說明利弊型

? 描述某一現象 ? 分析其優點 ? 分析其缺點

? 我的態度和看法 說明事物優點的常用句型

?

?has a positive impact /influence/effect on people’s lives ? ?has playing an increasingly important role in people’s lives.? In spite of the disadvantages ,it has its beneficial effects.說明缺點的常用句型

? Of course ,the disadvantages can not be ignored.? As the proverb goes ,every coin has its two sides.?is no exception.說明事物利大于弊的常用句型

? As to me, I think the advantages outweigh /carry more weight than the disadvantages.? Anyway ,I still believe ?has more advantages than disadvantages.范文

The Two-day Weekend 1.雙休日給大學生帶來的好處。

2.雙休日可能給大學生帶來的問題。3.我應當怎樣過好雙休日。

The two-day weekend

The advance of science and technology makes people have more free time.Nowadays, we have two-day weekend.The weekend can bring benefits to college students because they can have much more leisure time.Sports fans can play in the playground.Some students who are interested in social work can join many clubs.Of course, we also can get a part time job to gain some work experience.On the contrary, the two-day weekend also arouses problems.There is a growing concern over the students who don't put too much attention to their study.For example, some students always idle away their time, playing cards, drinking, gambling.These problems are really serious.Taking into account all these factors, we can safely come to the conclusion that the students will waste more time if they don't make good use of it.As a student, busy as I am with my study, I also do many interesting things such as reading novels, writing articles at the two-day weekends.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.It is really true.闡述主題型

? 1.闡明觀點或提出問題

? 2.擺出事實和理由加以論述 ? 3.得出結論

引出格言，諺語的常用句型

? Here is an old saying? ? As an old saying goes ?

? All the people believe the proverb that? 舉例說明的常用句型

? For instance /For example ? Take ?for example ? To name only a few 事實證明的常用句式

? No one can deny /ignore /overlook the fact that? ? The latest survey /studies conducted by ?indicate/reveal/show/prove that? ? One may not forget the old days when ?

結論性結尾常用句型

? From what have been discussed above ,we may reach /draw the conclusion that?

? In summary /In conclusion /In a word /In brief /In short /To sum up /On the whole, it is important that?

? As far as I am concerned / For my part /As for me, I am in favor of the former/ the latter.范文

一、Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way 1.怎樣理解“有志者事竟成” 2.例如。。

3.結論

Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way

There is an old saying that “Where there is a will, there is a way”, which means as long as a person possess a strong will he will certainly accomplish a task no matter how difficult it is.In other words, one of the most important things to achieve success is a firm resolution.This is the case in all walks of life(各行各業).For example, Karl Marx spent five years on his greatest work Das Kapital.（資本論）Cao Xueqin spent ten years on his world famous book Dreams of Red Chamber.Without a strong will and firm determination they couldn’t have fulfilled such brilliant works.However, some people don’t have the fearless spirit.Whenever they meet difficulty they draw back from it.As a result, they never accomplish anything.Therefore, if we wish to succeed, we must first have a resolution and remember the saying “ Where there is a will, there is a way.”

詞的替代

? People/person→individual, characters, folks ? good →perfect, excellent, outstanding ? many →an army of, an ocean of, a sea of ,a multitude（大批的）of ? some →quiet a few ,several ? think /in my opinion→take the attitude that, harbor(懷有)the idea that, hold the view that, it’s widely shared that, for my part, from my own perspective(觀點)? thing →affair, business, matter ? aspect →facet, sphere ? fear→ Be fearful of(adj.→n.)? For example → to name only a few, take?as an example ? remember → bear in mind that