第一篇:畢業論文注釋及參考文獻格式4
附錄
2四川大學外國語學院本科畢業論文注釋及參考文獻格式要求
一.注釋格式
為統一格式起見,本院外語專業學生畢業論文的注釋采用尾注和夾注,不采用腳注。凡是對論文中某一單詞、詞組、引文、或某一說法進行補充性說明的,采用尾注(即下文第1條所說的End-notes)的方式,但在論文里英文統一采用Notes一詞(見附錄1);凡是在論文中使用直接引語或間接引語的,一律采用文中夾注的方式(見下文第2條)。
1.尾注(End-notes)
在正文需注釋處的右上方按順序加注數碼①②③??,在論文的正文之后寫注文,每條注文加對應數碼,回行時與上一行注文對齊。加注數碼與數碼對齊。
2.夾注(In-text Citations)
某些引文和/或所依據的文獻無需詳細注釋者,以夾注的形式隨文在括弧內注明。
1)來自專著的直接引語,作者姓名在文中已經出現
格式:出版年份:頁碼
例如:
Rees said,“As key aspects of learning are not stable,but changeable,this opens the way for the role of the teacher as the pre-eminent mediator in the process”(1986:241).
2格式:作者姓名 出版年份:頁碼。
例如:
“我們所懂得的只是實體存在的片段,可以肯定地說,一切具有重大意義的理論至多只能是部分地真實,但這不應作為放棄理論研究的借口”(Chomsky 1979:48)。
“One reason perhaps is that the Chinese audience are more familiar with and receptiveto Western culture than the average English readers is to Chinese culture”(Fung 1995:71).
3)如果引述的內容為大段原文(超過四行),所引原文左邊雙倍縮進(即10個字符),右邊與上下文對齊。引文一般用冒號引出,引文不加引號(注意例句末句號與括號的位置)。例如:
He is aware of the politics of his choice and that English is not the natural medium for his social novel.He describes his process of creation thus:
I found, while writing spontaneously, that I was always translating
dialogue from the original Punjabi into English.The way in which my
mother said something in the dialect of central Punjabi could not have been
expressed in any other way except in an almost literal translation, which
might carry over the sound and the sense of the original speech.I also
found, that I was dreaming or thinking or brooding over two-thirds of the
prose narrative in Punjabi, or n Hindustani and only one-third in the
English language.This happened usually while I was writing stories and
novels.(Anand 1979:36)
4)來自某篇文章的直接引語,作者姓名在文中沒有出現
格式:作者姓名(英文只注姓)、出版年月
例如:
“Everything rests on the notion that there is such a thing as‘just’words—but there isn’t.”(Baston 1972)
格式:出版年份:引文頁碼
例如:
According to Alun Rees(1986:234),the writers focus on the unique contribution that each individual learner brings to the learning situation.6格式:作者姓名、出版年份;引文頁碼
例如:
It may be true that in the appreciation of medieval art the attitude of the observer is of primary importance.(see Robertson 1987:136)
注:如所述觀點可直接從原文找到,用(c.f.: Robertson 1987:136)
7)提到某人的觀點(沒有提到姓名)
格式:作者姓名,發表年份
例如:
This point has been argued before.(Frye 1998)
A number of studies do not find texts with long series of Terms which derive from a single semantic field.(Thompson 1985;Francis 1989/1990)
8)互聯網資料
格式:編號(自設)
例如:
“A deconstructive reading is a reading which analyses the specificity of a text’s critical difference from itself.”(Net.2)
注:Net.2.“征引文獻”中的編號,是為了便于注明文內引語的出處。參考第二部分《參考文獻》中的第4點“互聯網資料”。
二.參考文獻格式(Bibliography)
外語專業學生畢業論文中的外文參考文獻和中文參考文獻分別歸類排列,外文的排在前,中文的排在后。英文的參考文獻按作者姓名的英文字母順序排列,無明顯作者的英文參考文獻(如某些詞典、辭書、百科全書)則按書名的英文字母順序排列。中文的參考文獻按作者姓名的拼音字母順序排列,無明顯作者的中文參考文獻按書名拼音字母順序排列。參考文獻在第一行寫不完的,第二行縮進5個字符。注意標點與空格。
1.著作類(Books)
格式:作者的姓名,書名,出版地,出版單位和出版年份。
Format: Author’s last name, given name, Title.Place of publication: publisher, year of publication.1)獨立作者
Fairbanks, Carol.Prairie Women: Images in American and Canadian Fiction.New Haven: Yale
University Press, 1986.2)同一作者兩本以上的參考書
Fairbank, John K.China Perceived: Images and Policies in Chinese-American Relations.New
York: Alfred A.Knopf, 1974.______ China Watch.Cambridge & London: Harvard University Press, 1987.3)同一作者兩本以上同年出版的參考書
Newmark, Peter A.Approaches to Translation.London: Prentice Hall International Ltd., 1998a.______ Textbook of Translation.London: Prentice Hall International Ltd., 1998b.4)同一本書有兩作者
Grayling, A.C.& Whitfield, Susan.China: A Literary Companion.London: John Murray, 1994.5)同一本書有三位作者以上者
Edens, Walter.et al.Teaching Shakespeare.Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1977.6)書的主編
Hall, David.ed.The Oxford Book of American Literary Anecdotes.New York: Oxford University
Press, 1981.7)機構作者A Book by a Corporate Author
American Library Association.Intellectual Freedom Manual(2nd ed).Chicago: ALA, 1983.高等學校外語學刊研究會.外國語言研究論文索引(1990-1994).上海:上海外語教育出版
社,1996。
8)無作者署名的書
Encyclopedia of Photography.New York: Crown, 1984.現代漢語詞典.北京:商務印書館,1992。
9)一書多冊
Blotner, Johnson.Faulkner: A Biography(2 vols.).New York: Random, 1974
張道真,現代英語用法詞典(5冊).上海:上海譯文出版社,1993。
10)翻譯著作
Arkush, R.David & Lee, Leo O.trans.& eds.Land without Ghost: Chinese impressions of
America from the Mid-Nineteenth Century to the Present.Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989.趙元任.中國話的文法.丁邦新譯.香港:香港中文大學出版社,1968。
11)政府文件
National Institute of Mental Health.Television and Behavior: Ten Years of Scientific Progress and
Implications for the Eighties.(DHHS Publication No.ADM 82-1995).Washington, DC: U.S.Government Printing Office, 1982.《中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法》。香港:三聯書店有限公司,1991。
12)學位論文
Conceison, Claire A.Significant Other: Representations of the American in Contemporary Chinese
Spoken Drama.Cornell University, May 2000
2.文章類
格式:作者姓名,篇名,刊名,刊物的卷號和期號,年份,文章的起止頁碼。
Format: Author’s last name, given name.Article title.Journal title, Volume number(Issre/Issue number), year: page number.1)期刊文章Periodical Articles
Bolinger, D.“The Atomization of Meaning”, Language 41(1965): 555-573.Fulwiler, T.“How Well Does Writing across Teaching Work?” College English 46(1984): 13-25.Prakash, Gyan.“Orientalism Now”, History and Theory 34(3)(1995): 199-212.陳淵.國外英語教材初探.《外國語》第1期,1979:66-68。
呂叔湘、饒長溶.試論非謂形容詞,《中國語文》第2期,1981:81-85。
2)論文集的文章An Article in an Anthology or the Published Proceedings of a Conference
Peters, M.& Stephen, T.B.“Interaction Routines as Cultural Influences upon Language
Acquisition” In Schieffelin, B.B.& Ochs, E.eds.Language Socialization Across Cultures.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986: 80-96.3)報紙署名文章A Signed Article in a Daily Newspaper
Darst, James.“Environmentalists Want Hotels, Concessions Removed from US Parks”, Boston
Globe, May 25, 1988:17.吳天.外來語與我國文化的沖突.《牛城日報》10月23日,2000:B5。
4)工具書署名文章A Signed Article in a Reference Book
Tobias, R.& Thurber, J.Encyclopedia Americana.1987 ed.南文.聯合國的口述錄音翻譯。《中國翻譯詞典》1997年版。
5)工具書非署名文章An Unsigned Article in a Reference Book
Tharp, Twyla.Who’s Who of American Women.15th ed.1987-88.6)社論An Editorial
Young, Gifted, Black----and Inspired.Editorial.Washington Post, May 18, 1988:20.大力加強金融系統思想政治工作——慶祝中國共產黨誕生79周年。《金融時報》7月1日社
論,2000:1。
3.非文字材料Non-print
1)電腦軟件Computer Software
格式:制作人姓名、軟件名稱(說明是電腦軟件)、版本,年份。
Format:Computer programmer’s last name, given name.Title(Computer software).Model number, year.Rosenberg, Victor, et al.Pro-Cite.Vers.1.3.(Computer software).IBM PCDOC 2.0, 256KB, disk,1987.2)電影、電視、廣播、幻燈、錄像、錄音、藝術品Films, TV and Radio Programs, Slides, Videotapes, Audiotapes and Art Works
格式:片名(或節目名),導演姓名,出品地(或播出臺和播出地),年份(或播出日期)。Format:Name of film.Director’s last name, given name.Place of production, year(or date of showing).The Last Emperor(Film).Bertolucci, Bernardo(Director).With J.Lone & P.O’Toole.Columbia,1987.If God Ever Listened: A Portrait of Alice Walker.Horizons(Radio program).Rosenthal, Jane
(Producer).NPR.WBST, Muncie.3 Mar.1984.Too Smart for Strangers(Videotapes).Brandt, F.(Producer)& Messina, P.E.(Director).Burbank,CA: Walt Disney Home Video, 1985.《我的父親母親》(電影),張藝謀(導演)。北京,1998。
3)CD-ROM或磁碟
“Yokel.” Oxford English Dictionary.2nd ed.CD-ROM.Oxford: Oxford UP, 1992.4.互聯網資料Internet information
格式:編號,篇名,引用日期,網址,Net.1: Deconstruction, July 30, 2000
Net.2: Jacques Derrida, August 1, 2000
Net.3: Feminism, Ideology.And Deconstruction: a Pragmatist View.August 1, 2000
注:《四川大學外國語學院本科畢業論文注釋及參考文獻格式要求》的完稿,是在外語學院英文系原有《格式要求》的基礎上,參考了MLA、《外語教學與研究》的格式和中山大學外國語學院張美芳編寫的《格式要求》。謹在此一并致謝。
第二篇:英語本科畢業論文注釋、文獻與致謝樣本
四川大學本科畢業論文
《喜福會》中的中國文化背景分析
Notes
(1)The three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son and husband guides wife.The five constant virtues: benevolence, righteousness, propriety, knowledge and sincerity.(2)Lao Tzu: The founder of Taoism.Born in the State of Zhou in the Spring and Autumn Period, he worked for some time in the Zhou government.He was searching for a way that would avoid the constant feudal warfare and other conflicts that disrupted society during his lifetime.The result was his book: Tao-te-Ching, which contains about 5,000 words on dao and de, or the way and its functions.Others believe that he was a mythical character.(3)John King Fairbank: A Francis Lee Higginson Professor of History at Harvard University and director of the East Asian Research Centre at Harvard.(4)Wuxing and Fengshui: Wuxing or the Five Elements are: Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, and Water.They are the grounding theory for yin-yang balance.The Five Element theory views the Universe and its functioning as being cyclical and interactive.Accordingly, all of the “ten thousand things” within it are interdependent.Fengshui, or geomantic omen, is closely related to Wuxing.The Fengshui theory holds that the location of a house or tomb has an influence on the fortune of a family.Taoists believe good Fengshui could keep the yin-yang balance and could bring fortune.四川大學本科畢業論文
《喜福會》中的中國文化背景分析
Bibliography
Chang, K.C.Food in Chinese Culture: Anthropological and Historical Perspectives, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1977.Ebrey, Patricia B.Chinese Civilization A Sourcebook.New York: The Free Press, 1993.____ The Cambridge Illustrated History of China.London: Cambridge University Press, 1996.Eng, Kuan Khun.“The Changing Moral Economy of Ancestor Worship in a Chinese Emigrant District.” Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 23(1999): 99-132 Fairbank, John.K & Goldman, Merle.China: A New History.London: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1998.Niu, Weihua & Sternberg, Robert J.“Societal and School Influences on Student Creativity: the Case of China.” Psychology in the School 40(1)2003: 103-114 Tan, Amy.The Joy Luck Club.New York:Ballantine Books,1990.
Tuan, Nien-Tsu & Ryan, Tom.“Is the Wind, or the Flag, Moving? An Oriental Perspective on the Complex Problem.” System Research and Behavioral Science 19(2002): 271-279 Wang, Huarong.“The Bridge of Cultural Understanding in The Joy Luck Club”, Journal of Honghe University 2(2004): 40-43.Wang, Qi & Li, Jin.“Chinese Children’s Self-concepts in the Domains of Learning and Social Relations.” Psychology in the School 40(1)(2003): 85-101.Zhu, Zhichang.“Confucianism in Action: Recent Developments in Oriental Systems Methodology.” System Research and Behavioral Science 15(1998): 111-130.陳愛敏.當代美國華裔文學的文化關照.文史哲, 2003(4): 116-120.何立群, 吳金平.風水對小說《喜福會》創作的影響.八桂僑刊, 2002(4): 50-52 何立群.五行理論與《喜福會》的成功.暨南學報(哲學社會科學版),2005(3): 74-77 胡勇.文化的鄉愁—美國華裔文學的文化認同.北京:中國戲劇出版社,2003. 胡勇.論美國華裔文學中國神話與民間傳說的利用.外國文學研究, 2003(6): 87-92 令狐萍.金山謠—美國華裔婦女史.北京.中國社會科學出版社,1999. 潘軍武.不可思議的中國人:《喜福會》中的異國情調與東方主義.武漢大學: 2002.彭逢春, 羅婷.從《喜福會》探析譚恩美的文化身份.邵陽學院學報(社會科學版),2004-04(2): 74-76 張瑞華.解讀譚恩美《喜福會》中的中國麻將.外國文學評論, 2001(1): 95-100 趙文書.Positioning Contemporary Chinese American Literature in Contested Terrains.南京:南京大學出版社,2004. 四川大學本科畢業論文
《喜福會》中的中國文化背景分析
Net.1: 陳啟智.儒家思想與家庭倫理.2006-01-20, http:// Net.3: Tan, Amy.An Interview 2006-1-20
http://www.tmdps.cn/authors/au-tan-amy.asp 四川大學本科畢業論文
《喜福會》中的中國文化背景分析
(本篇“致謝”僅供參考,非唯一或標準文本)
Acknowledgements
First of all, I would like to express my appreciation to all the teachers at the School(College)of __________, Sichuan University, whose instructions and guidance have made my three/four years at the university a truly rewarding experience.In particular, I wish to extend my sincere gratitude to Prof.___, Prof.___, … and Prof.___, from whose lectures I have profited tremendously over the past few years.Words fail me when I try to express my heartfelt thanks to my supervisor, ____, for all his/her inspiring ideas and kind help throughout the process of my thesis writing.Without his/her helpful suggestions, guidance and patience, the completion of this thesis would not have been possible.My thanks also go to my fellow classmates and friends who have rendered me their generous help.I am particularly grateful to my parents for their strong support and deep care given to me during the process of my thesis writing.I am also deeply indebted to the authors mentioned in the bibliography.Their academic researches have given me a great deal of inspiration.It is my pleasure to dedicate this thesis to them all.
第三篇:外文文獻注釋規范
外文文獻注釋規范
引證外文文獻,原則上以該文種通行的引證標注方式為準。
引證英文文獻的標注項目與順序與中文相同。責任者與題名間用英文逗號,著作題名為斜體,析出文獻題名為正體加英文引號,出版日期為全數字標注,責任方式、卷冊、頁碼等用英文縮略方式;期刊文章題名為正體加英文引號,登載的刊物題名為斜體。
單頁為p.79.兩頁以上為pp.79-90.兩個p
示例1:專著
Randolph Starn and Loren Partridge, The Arts of Power: Three Halls of State in Italy, 1300-1600, Berkeley: California University Press, 1992, pp.19-28.示例2: 譯著
M.Polo, The Travels of Marco Polo, trans.by William Marsden,Hertfordshire: Cumberland House, 1997, pp.55, 88.示例3: 主編
T.H.Aston and C.H.E.Phlipin(eds.), The Brenner Debate.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985, p.35.示例4: 析出文獻
R.S.Schfield, “The Impact of Scarcity and Plenty on Population Change in England,” in R.I.Rotberg and T.K.Rabb(eds.), Hunger and History: The Impact of Changing Food Production and Consumption Pattern on Societ,Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983, p.79.示例5: 期刊
Heath B.Chamberlain, “On the Search for Civil Society in China”, Modern China, vol.19, no.2(April 1993), pp.199-215.
第四篇:畢業論文參考文獻和注釋格式(2012定稿)
畢業論文參考文獻和注釋的標準格式
一、參考文獻的格式(按學校規定)
參考文獻類型:
專著 M 論文集 C 報紙文章 N 期刊文章 J 學位論文 D 報告 R 標準 S 專利 P 參考文獻用五號宋體,常用參考文獻編寫項目和順序規定如下:
1、專著格式示例 :[序號]主要責任者.文獻題名[M].出版地:出版社.出版年份:起止頁碼.如:[1] 廣西壯族自治區林業廳.廣西自然保護區[M].北京:中國林業出版社.1993:11-18.
2、連續出版物(期刊、報紙)中的析出文獻示例:[序號]主要責任者.文獻題名[J].刊名.年.卷(期):起止頁碼.如:[1] 張旭,張通和,易鐘珍等.采用磁過濾MEVVA源制備類金剛石膜研究[J].北京師范大學學報(自然科學版).2002.38(4):478-481.
3、學位論文示例:[序號]主要責任者.文獻題名[D].出版地:出版者.出版年份:起止頁碼.如:[1] 張筑生.微分半動力系統的不變集 [D].北京:北京大學數學系研究所.1983:12-16.
4、電子文獻示例:[序號]主要責任者.電子文獻題名[電子文獻及載體類型標識].[發表或更新日期].電子文獻的出處或可獲得地址.如:[1] 蕭鈺.出版業信息化邁入快車道[EB/OL].[2002-04-15].http:∥ .
二、注釋的格式(小五號宋體)
注釋采用腳注,每一頁單獨編號,采用①②??標號。
1、引用專著:作者:《專著名》,XX出版社,XXXX年版,第X-X頁。
如:李道揆:《美國政府和美國政治》,中國社會科學出版社,1990年版,第72-74頁。
說明:(a)作者姓名后面用冒號;著作名用書名號標出,書名號后加逗號;出版社名稱后加逗號;出版年代后加“版”字,再加逗號;頁碼后用句號。
(b)著作者如系二人,作者姓名之間用頓號分隔,如:xxx、xxx;如系二人以上,可寫出第一作者姓名,后面加“等”字省略其他作者,如:xxx等。
(c)著作名如有副標題,則在書名號內以破折號將標題與副標題隔開。如: 陳寶森:《美國經濟與政府政策——從羅斯福到里根》,世界知識出版社,1988年版,第124頁。
(d)著作如系多卷本,須在書名號后面直接寫出引用資料所在的卷數,再加句號。如:徐民:《抗美援朝的歷史回顧》上卷,中國廣播出版社,1990年版,第5頁。
(e)作者為古代的,作者姓名前加(朝代)。如:(漢)司馬遷。
2、引用譯著:作者:《專著名》,譯者姓名,XX出版社,XXXX年版,第X頁。如:J.布盧姆等:《美國的歷程》,楊國標、張儒林譯,商務印書館,1988年版,第97頁。
說明:作者姓名中除姓(family name)外,名與中間名(first name 和 middle name)均可用縮寫形式表示,如縮寫,須用英文縮寫符號(下圓點);如將姓名全部譯出,則須在姓名之間加中文間隔符號(中圓點)。
3、引用編著: 主編姓名:《編著名》,XX出版社,XXXX年版,第X頁。如:楊生茂主編:《美國外交政策史,1775—1989》,人民出版社,1991年版,第23頁。
說明:在編者姓名后,根據該書提供的信息加入“編”或“主編”,再加冒號;其余部分與著作類注釋格式同。
4、引用文集或期刊、雜志文章:作者:“文章名”,《期刊名》,XXXX年第X期,第XX頁。如:吳展:“試論核裁軍的幾個問題”,《美國研究》,1994年第3期,第43頁。
5、引用報紙文章: 作者:“文章名”,《報紙名》,XXXX年X月X日,第X版。如:陸全武:“國營企業改革中的幾個問題”,《經濟日報》,1994年8月20日,第3版。
6、引用網絡類:作者:“文章名”,網址。
第五篇:畢業論文參考文獻和注釋格式
Bibliography [1] A.S.Hornby. Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary[Z]. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2004.
[2] Andre Lefevere.Translation, Rewriting & Manipulation of Literary Fame[M].Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2004.
[3] Cao Xueqin, Gao E.A Dream of Red Mansions [M].Trans.Yang Hsienyi & Gladys Yang.Beijing: Foreign Language Press, 1994.
[4] Cao Xueqin, Gao E.The Story of the Stone [M].Trans. David Hawkes. London: Penguin Books Ltd, 1973.
[5] Susan Bassnet.When Is a Translation not a Translation? [A].Susan Bassnet, Andre Lefevere.Constructing Cultures: Essays on Literary Translation[C].Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2001.
[6] 埃斯卡皮.文學社會學[M].王美華,于沛譯.合肥: 安徽文藝出版社, 1987.
[7] 曹雪芹, 高鄂.紅樓夢[M].北京: 人民文學出版社, 1962. [8] 陳大亮.誰是翻譯主體[J].中國翻譯, 2004(3): 3-7. [9] 劉楠.郭德綱相聲語言特點分析[D].山東大學,2009.
Notes [1] A.S.Hornby. Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary[M].Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2004: 345.
[2] Gu Hongming.The Discourse and Saying of Confucius[M]. Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 1998: 45. [3]Ibid: 56.
[4] A.S.Hornby. Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary[M].Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2004: 347.
[5] 陳大亮.誰是翻譯主體[J].中國翻譯, 2004(3): 3.
[6] 同上:6. 說明: 1.參考文獻(1)參考文獻按照先英文后中文的順序排列,每個文獻作者為按照字母順序排列,中文作者如果第一個漢字拼音相同,則按第二個漢字排列,如第二個漢字拼音相同則以第三個漢字拼音為準。
(2)英文文獻作者姓名的順序為先名后姓,若名字用縮寫,其后要用句點,若用全名,名姓之間不加標點。
(3)每個文獻之后要表明文獻類型,專注為M,期刊為J,辭典工具書為Z,論文集中的論文為A,所引用的論文集為C,碩博論文為D。中英文相同。(4)若引用文獻為網址則只需給出網址即可,位置位于所有文獻最后。(5)引用期刊的必須在出版年代和期刊號之后標明起止頁碼,實例見參考文獻。2.注釋
(1)格式為參考文獻最后加冒號添加頁碼即可。(2)引文通常只標單頁,一般不跨頁。
(3)若為連續引用,中文格式為:同上:頁碼;英文格式為:Ibid:頁碼。連續引用意為兩次引用中間不得插入其他文獻或同一作者的其它文獻。如果隔了一個文獻,則應將文獻內容寫全。見注釋范例。