第一篇：英語詩詞賞析(一)經典勵志詩

Unit 2 Poems

英語詩詞賞析

（一）經典勵志詩

Learning aims:

1．To learn about some simple forms of English poems.3．To develop the reading ability by skimming and scanning the passage.4．To deepen students’ literature quality.Step 1 Enjoy a famous English poem.The Road Not Taken

---by Robert Frost

Two roads diverged in a yellow wood黃色的樹林里分出兩條路And sorry I could not travel both可惜我不能同時去涉足And be one traveler, long I stood我在那路口久久佇立And looked down one as far as I could我向著一條路極目望去To where it bent in the undergrowth直到它消失在叢林深處Then took the other, as just as fair但我卻選了另外一條路And having perhaps the better claim它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂Because it was grassy and wanted wear;顯得更誘人、更美麗Though as for that the passing there雖然在這兩條小路上Had worn them really about the same都很少留下旅人的足跡And both that morning equally lay雖然那天清晨落葉滿地In leaves no step had trodden black兩條路都未經腳印污染

Oh, I kept the first for another day!呵，留下一條路等改日再見！Yet knowing how way leads on to way, 但我知道路徑延綿無盡頭I doubted if I should even come back.恐怕我難以再回返

I shall be telling this with a sigh也許多少年后在某個地方Somewhere ages and ages hence:我將輕聲嘆息把往事回顧Two roads diverged in a wood, and I---一片樹林里分出兩條路I took the one less traveled by,而我選了人跡更少的一條And that has made all the difference從此決定了我一生的道路

Step 2 Read the comments of this poem 評論1

Everyone is a traveler, choosing the roads to follow on the map of their continuous journey life.There is never a straight path that leaves one with but a sole direction in which to head.Regardless of the original message that Robert Frost had intended to convey, his poem, “The Road Not Taken”, has left its readers with many different interpretations.It is one's past, present and the attitude with which he looks upon his future that determines the shade of the light that he will see the poem in.In any case however, this poem clearly demonstrates Frost's belief that it is the road that one chooses that makes him the man who he is.“And sorry I could not travel both...” It is always difficult to make a decision because it is impossible not to wonder about the opportunity cost, what will be missed out on.There is a strong sense of regret before the choice is even made and it lies in the knowledge that in one lifetime, it is impossible to travel down every path.In an attempt to make a decision, the traveler “looks down one as far as I could”.評論2

The Road Not Taken tells about life choice.Man’s life is related to a journey filled with twists and turns.One has to consider a lot before making a wise choice.Though the diverged roads seem identical, they actually lead to different directions, which symbolize different fates.2.1 See over one road

In part one, the speaker faced with two roads in the autumnal wood and feel puzzled over which one to choose.“Two roads diverged in a yellow wood”, He stood there for a long time and mused on one of them, which was taken by many people.Unfortunately, he was unable to find out which place the，road would take him to, for it is far beyond his ability to know where the road would lead.However, he must choose to take.2.2.The other one

In part two, he stepped on the other road, “Then took the other, as just as fair”, It was grassy and not taken.His choice would affect every other subsequent choice, and there was no turning back.From his choice for the less trodden road, it could be concluded that he did not like to follow the steps of other people, he wanted his own life choired by himself.2.3 Helpless

In part three, he decided to choose the less traveled one, but he was aware that he could never have a chance to return to the first road.“I doubted if I should never come back” showed he is helpless.2.4 Chose the less traveled road

In part four, “I shall be telling this with a sign”, he articulated why he chose the less traveled road, for he expected his life to be unusual and different.But there was no way to foretell the consequences of his choice.All in all, for the speaker, the road of life was accident and mystical, and his very choice was crucial in determining the consequences of his life.The ordinary people follow other’s choice, while the exceptional ones choose their unique roads of life.3.Conclusion3.1 Everyone is a traveler

Everyone is a traveler, choosing the roads to follow on the map of their continuous journey.There is never a straight path but a sole direction in which to head.It is one's past, present and the attitude with which he looks upon his future that determines the shade of the light.In any case however, this poem clearly explained Frost's belief that it is the road that one chooses that makes him the man who he is.It is always difficult to make a decision because it is impossible not to wonder about the opportunity cost, what will be missed out on.It is impossible to travel down every path.The road that will be chosen leads to the unknown, as does any choice in life.As much he may strain his eyes to see as far the road stretches, eventually it surpasses his vision and he can never see where it is going to lead.It is the way that he chooses here that sets him off on his journey and decides where he is going.It was something that was obviously not for everyone because it seemed that the majority of people took the other path.There is simply a narrator who makes a decision in his life that had changed the direction of his life from what it may have otherwise been.It allows all readers from all different experiences to relate to the poem.3.2 Human beings are so weak

In a word, the poem The Road Not Taken is a very beautiful and excellent poem.It is set in a rural natural environment where always inspire the speaker to think of life.It is based on a metaphor in which the journey through life is compared to a journey on a road.And the speaker of the poem has to choose one path instead of another.Even though the two paths look equally attractive, the speaker knows that his choice at this moment may have a significant influence on his future.He does make a decision, hoping that he may be able to visit this place again, yet realizing that such an opportunity is impossible.He imagines himself in the future telling the story of his life, and claiming that his decision to take the road less traveled by, the road few other people have taken, has made all the difference.This thesis intends to explore Frost’s own view of life.He told us that human beings are so weak when compared with nature and the destiny.Though human beings have made great progress in the past several centuries, there will forever exist something that is far beyond their control.For human, it is unable to do anything useful when he is in conflict with the impersonal force.And it’s also unable to control his own

destiny;on the contrary, his fate and destiny are in the charge of something mysterious beyond him.In this sense, life is a tragedy to human.So it could be said that Frost conveyed his sense of tragedy common to human through this simple but beautiful poem.It is simple in form but profound in meaning.Step 3 learn how to write a summary of a poem

Summary The speaker stands in the woods, considering a fork in the road.Both ways are equally worn and equally overlaid with un-trodden leaves.The speaker chooses one, telling himself that he will take the other another day.Yet he knows it is unlikely that he will have the opportunity to do so.And he admits that someday in the future he will recreate the scene with a slight twist: He will claim that he took the less-traveled road.

第二篇：勵志詩詞賞析

篇一：勵志小詩賞析《旅程》 注：這是一首勵志詩。the journey one day you finally knew what you had to do, and began, though the voices around you kept shouting their bad advice--though the whole house began to tremble and you felt the old tug at your ankles.mend my life!each voice cried.but you didnt stop.you knew what you had to do, though the wind pried with its stiff fingers at the very foundations, though their melancholy was terrible.it was already lateenough, and a wild night, and the road full of fallen branches and stones.but little by little, as you left their voices behind, the stars began to burn through the sheets of clouds, and there was a new voice which you slowly into the world, determined to do the only thing you could do--determined to save the only life you could save.有一天,你終于知道

什么是你必須得做,并開始去做, 雖然你周圍的聲音 一直喊出

其各種糟糕的建議——雖然整個房子 開始顫抖

你亦感到那條舊繩索 絆住了你的腳踝。“修補我的人生!” 每個聲音都在哭喊。但你并沒停止。

你知道什么是你必須得做的, 雖然風用它僵硬的手指 直往根基, 撬搗, 雖然它們的憂郁 著實可怕。天色

已經很晚,這是個瘋狂的夜晚, 路上滿是倒下的 斷枝和石頭。但漸漸地, 當你將它們的聲音拋在身后, 星星開始穿透云層 散發光輝, 一個新的聲音出現了你慢慢 意識到,那是你自己的聲音, 它伴隨著你 伴你步步 深入世途, 決心去做

你唯一能做的事—— 決定去拯救

你唯一能拯救的生命。篇二：英語詩詞賞析(一)經典勵志詩 unit 2 poems 英語詩詞賞析

（一）經典勵志詩 learning aims: 1．to learn about some simple forms of english poems.3．to develop the reading ability by skimming and scanning the passage.4．to deepen students’ literature quality.step 1 enjoy a famous english poem.the road not taken---by robert frost two roads diverged in a yellow wood 黃色的樹林里分出兩條路 and sorry i could not travel both 可惜我不能同時去涉足 and be one traveler, long i stood 我在那路口久久佇立 and looked down one as far as i could我向著一條路極目望去 to where it bent in the undergrowth 直到它消失在叢林深處 then took the other, as just as fair 但我卻選了另外一條路 and having perhaps the better claim 它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂 because it was grassy and wanted wear;顯得更誘人、更美麗 though as for that the passing there 雖然在這兩條小路上 had worn them really about the same 都很少留下旅人的足跡 and both that morning equally lay雖然那天清晨落葉滿地 in leaves no step had trodden black 兩條路都未經腳印污染

i shall be telling this with a sigh 也許多少年后在某個地方 somewhere ages and ages hence:我將輕聲嘆息把往事回顧 two roads diverged in a wood, and i---一片樹林里分出兩條路 i took the one less traveled by, 而我選了人跡更少的一條 and that has made all the difference從此決定了我一生的道路

everyone is a traveler, choosing the roads to follow on the map of their continuous journey life.there is never a straight path that leaves one with but a sole direction in which to head.regardless of the original message that robert frost had intended to convey, his poem, the road not taken, has left its readers with many different interpretations.it is ones past, present and the attitude with which he looks upon his future that determines the shade of the light that he will see the poem in.in any case however, this poem clearly demonstrates frosts belief that it is the road that one chooses that makes him the man who he is.and sorry i could not travel both...it is always difficult to make a decision because it is impossible not to wonder about the opportunity cost, what will be missed out on.there is a strong sense of regret before the choice is even made and it lies in the knowledge that in one lifetime, it is impossible to travel down every path.in an attempt to make a decision, the traveler looks down one as far as i could.評論2 the road not taken tells about life choice.man’s life is related to a journey filled with twists and turns.one has to consider a lot before making a wise choice.though the diverged roads seem identical, they actually lead to different directions, which symbolize different fates.2.1 see over one road in part one, the speaker faced with two roads in the autumnal wood and feel puzzled over which one to choose.“two roads diverged in a yellow wood”, he stood there for a long time and mused on one of them, which was taken by many people.unfortunately, he was unable to find out which place the，road would take him to, for it is far beyond his ability to know where the road would lead.however, he must choose to take.2.2.the other one in part two, he stepped on the other road, “then took the other, as just as fair”, it was grassy and not taken.his choice would affect every other subsequent choice, and there was no turning back.from his choice for the less trodden road, it could be concluded that he did not like to follow the steps of other people, he wanted his own life choired by himself.2.3 helpless 2.4 chose the less traveled road in part four, “i shall be telling this with a sign”, he articulated why he chose the less traveled road, for he expected his life to be unusual and different.but there was no way to foretell the consequences of his choice.all in all, for the speaker, the road of life was accident and mystical, and his very choice was crucial in determining the consequences of his life.the ordinary people follow other’s choice, while the exceptional ones choose their unique roads of life.3.conclusion 3.1 everyone is a traveler everyone is a traveler, choosing the roads to follow on the map of their continuous journey.there is never a straight path but a sole direction in which to head.it is ones past, present and the attitude with which he looks upon his future that determines the shade of the light.in any case however, this poem clearly explained frosts belief that it is the road that one chooses that makes him the man who he is.it is always difficult to make a decision because it is impossible not to wonder about the opportunity cost, what will be missed out on.it is impossible to travel down every path.the road that will be chosen leads to the unknown, as does any choice in life.as much he may strain his eyes to see as far the road stretches, eventually it surpasses his vision and he can never see where it is going to lead.it is the way that he chooses here that sets him off on his journey and decides where he is going.it was something that was obviously not for everyone because it seemed that the majority of people took the other path.there is simply a narrator who makes a decision in his life that had changed the direction of his life from what it may have otherwise been.it allows all readers from all different experiences to relate to the poem.3.2 human beings are so weak step 3 learn how to write a summary of a poem summary the speaker stands in the woods, considering a fork in the road.both ways are equally worn and equally overlaid with un-trodden leaves.the speaker chooses one, telling himself that he will take the other another day.yet he knows it is unlikely that he will have the opportunity to do so.and he admits that someday in the future he will recreate the scene with a slight twist: he will claim that he took the less-traveled road.篇三：勵志詩句 《勵志詩句》賞析

三軍可奪帥也，匹夫不可奪志也《論語·子罕》天行健，君子以自強不息《周易》富貴不能淫，貧賤不能移，威武不能屈《孟子》生于憂患，而死于安樂《孟子·告子下》路漫漫其修遠兮，吾將上下而求索《離騷》不鳴則已，一鳴驚人《史記·滑稽列傳》燕雀安知鴻鵠之志哉《陳涉世家》少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲《長歌行》烈士暮年，壯心不已《龜雖壽》捐軀赴國難，視死忽如歸《白馬篇》鞠躬盡瘁，死而后已《后出師表》大丈夫寧可玉碎，不能瓦全《北齊書·元景安傳》天生我材必有用，千金散盡還復來《將進酒》生當作人杰，死亦為鬼雄《夏日絕句》位卑未敢忘憂國《病起書懷》人生自古誰無死？留取丹心照汗青《過零丁洋》天下興亡，匹夫有責《日知錄·正始》千磨萬擊還堅勁，任爾東西南北風《竹石》壁立千仞，無欲則剛《對聯》寶劍鋒從磨礪出，梅花香自苦寒來《警世賢文》筆落驚風雨，詩成泣鬼神《寄李十二白二十韻》博觀而約取，厚積而薄發《雜說送張琥》夫尺有所短，寸有所長《卜居》出師未捷身先死，長使英雄淚滿襟《蜀相》春蠶到死絲方盡，蠟炬成灰淚始干《無題》春風得意馬蹄疾，一日看盡長安花《登科后》不入虎穴，不得虎子《后漢書·班超傳》不畏浮云遮望眼，自緣身在最高層《登飛來峰》采得百花成蜜后，為誰辛苦為誰甜《蜂》長風破浪會有時，直掛云帆濟滄海《行路難·其一》臣心一片磁針石，不指南方不肯休《揚子江》沉舟側畔千帆過，病樹前頭萬木春《酬樂天揚州》安得廣廈千萬間，大庇天下寒士俱歡顏《茅屋為》先天下之憂而憂，后天下之樂而樂《岳陽樓記》會挽雕弓如滿月，西北望，射天狼《江城子》壯志饑餐胡虜肉，笑談渴飲匈奴血《滿江紅》日月之行，若出其中《觀滄海》男兒何不帶吳鉤，收取關山五十州《南園》窮且益堅，不墜青云之志《滕王閣序》壯心未與年俱老，死去猶能作鬼雄《書憤》

第三篇：詩詞賞析-送別詩

詩詞賞析—送別詩

一、送別詩的特點：

在古代，由于交通工具和通訊技術都不發達，人們往往一別數年便再難相見，因此古人很重離別。離別之際，人們不僅備酒餞行，折柳相送，還要作詩話別，這也使得古詩中以離別為題材的送別詩頗多感人之作。

1．形式標志：標題中有“送”或“別”等字眼； 2.常見意象：時間（傍晚、月夜）

地點（長亭、渡口、古道、南浦等）

意象（柳樹、芳草、瘦馬、晚風、濁酒、笛聲、遠山等）

3．基本主題：依依不舍的留念；情深意長的勉勵；坦陳心志的告白；別后情境的想象、擔憂與對友人的思念。

4．風格類型：依戀與不舍——低沉哀婉，傷感惆悵；（傷感型）安慰與祝愿——曠達剛健，樂觀向上。（豪邁型）5．常用手法：借景抒情（情景交融）、對比襯托、虛實結合、修辭、比喻

二、送別詩中常見的意象有如下幾種：

意象是詩歌中熔鑄了作者主觀感情的客觀物象。在我國古典詩歌漫長的歷程中，形成了很多傳統的意象，它們蘊含的意義基本是固定的。如果我們熟悉這些意象，會給鑒賞詩歌帶來很大幫助。送別詩中也有一些常用的意象：

（一）習俗類意象：

1、柳（折柳送別）

它源于《詩經?小雅?采薇》“昔我往矣，楊柳依依；今我來思，雨雪霏霏”，古人喜歡折柳送別，折柳的寓意是惜別懷遠。折柳送別的習俗產生于漢代，產生原因大體有三點：一則，千絲萬縷的柳條隨風舞動與離人千絲萬縷、斬不斷、理還亂的離愁非常相似。二則，“柳”與“留”諧音，因此折柳送別有挽留、惜別、不舍之意。三則，柳枝有隨地而生的習性，折柳相贈還有祝愿友人在異地他鄉生活順利、欣欣向榮之意。

2、酒（飲酒餞別）

“問人間，誰管別離愁？杯中物。”(辛棄疾《滿江紅》)古人離別多設宴餞行，酒在排解愁緒之外，還飽含著深深的祝福。將美酒和離情聯系在一起的詩詞多不勝舉，如：王維的《渭城曲》中的“勸君更盡一杯酒，西出陽關無故人”，白居易《琵琶行》中的“醉不成歡慘將別，別時茫茫江浸月”等，都是以酒抒寫別離之情。所以許多離別詩，都飄散著濃濃的酒香，酒里充盈著親情、友情。

（二）時間意象：

3、日暮 送別詩中常出現“日暮”、“斜陽”、“夕陽”、“暮雪”、“暮鐘”等表明傍晚時分的詞語。并非詩人喜歡傍晚時分送別，而是別離這種憂傷的情感與暮色朦朧中的蒼茫感相協調。并且，傍晚時分會伴隨著飛鳥歸林、魚沉潭底，對于遠離家鄉的游子征夫來說，更能勾起漂泊之人的離情別緒。

4、月亮 月亮也是送別詩歌中常見的意象，月光給人的感覺是朦朧、迷離、蒼涼的，這與深邃悠長、委婉憂傷的離情別緒是一致的；再則，月亮含有思鄉、思親的象征義，因而古人常借月抒懷。通過月亮的烘托，抽象的別情更顯得動人深長。

5、秋。“自古逢秋悲寂寥”（劉禹錫《秋詞二首》），古人在對秋景的注視中感覺到時光的流逝，感受到人生的短暫和易老，“秋”能使志士失志，對現實失望，對前途悲觀。遇秋而愁已成為古代文人的一種普遍文化心理。像杜甫“萬里悲秋常作客”（《登高》），在暮年面對巫山巫峽的秋色，作者感到了知交零落、壯志難酬，國勢衰落，不禁發出“叢菊兩開他日淚，孤舟一系故園心”（《秋興八首》）的感嘆，抒發了自己的憂國之情和孤獨抑郁之感。秋代表了蕭條凄清，代表了寂寞抑郁，是送別詩中慣用的意象。

（三）空間意象：

6、長亭 古代驛道旁置亭，十里一長亭，五里一短亭，送別親朋好友時往往在亭中設酒餞行，所以長亭也就成了一個抒寫離情別緒的意象。如李白《菩薩蠻》“何處是歸程。長亭更短亭”，柳永《雨霖鈴》中“寒蟬凄切，對長亭晚”等。

7、南浦 南浦多見于南方水路送別的詩詞中，它成為送別詩詞中的常見意象與屈原“送美人兮南浦”這一名句有很大關系。在唐宋送別詩詞中出現得則較為普遍，致使它在不是描寫送別的詩詞中，也浸染了離情別恨，像長亭一樣成為唐代送別之處的代名詞。

8、謝亭，又名謝公亭，在宣城北面，是南齊詩人謝眺任宣城太守時所建，他曾在此送別朋友范云，后來謝亭就成了宣城的送別之地；

9、灞陵亭，在長安東南三十里處，那里原有一條灞水，又因漢文帝葬在那里，遂稱灞陵，唐代時人們送朋友出長安，常在那里分手；

10、勞勞亭，離建康古城大約十五里

此外，“寒蟬”、“陽關”、“古道”、“西風”、“春草”、“眼淚”等也都是與離別有關的意象。

三、對送別詩歌思想內容作一較為具體的概括，大致可分為以下七種情況：

第一，依依惜別的感傷之情

如：王勃的《送杜少甫之任蜀州》中第二句“風煙望無津”一句，用“風煙”、“望”兩個詞把相隔千里的秦、蜀兩地連在一起。自長安遙望蜀川，視線為迷蒙的風雨所遮，間接表現了依依惜別的感傷之情。

第二，體貼入微的寬慰

還以上面那首詩為例。詩人在第二句中流露傷感之意后，在后面三聯中感情基調立即有了變化，作者寬慰朋友，這次離別只是客中之別，只要彼此心相連，即使遠隔千山萬水，不就好像近鄰一樣嗎？這首詩極盡寬慰之意，成為溫曖孤獨的心靈雞湯。

第三，前路珍重的殷勤祝愿

王維的《送元二使安西》一詩，同樣有一般送別的惜別之情，但因朋友“西出陽關”是壯舉，所以詩中不見傷感之意，只是在“西出陽關無故人”的想象中包含了詩人的友人前路珍重的殷勤祝愿。

第四，前途艱險的擔憂

孟浩然的《送杜十四之江南》一詩的第三句撇景入情，朋友剛出發，便想到“日暮征帆何處泊”，春江渺茫，征帆一葉該停泊在哪里呢？在依依惜別中表現了詩人對友人艱險前途的擔憂。

第五，坦陳心志的告白

有的送別詩往往借別明心志。如王昌齡的《芙蓉樓送辛漸》。詩的最后兩句：“洛陽親友如相問，一片冰心在玉壺。”則在送別感傷之外另辟蹊徑，表達自己高潔的品格，孤介傲岸的堅強性格，借送別而言心志，可謂一箭雙雕。

第六，積極奮發的勉勵

鑒賞詩歌，一定要能知人論世，初盛唐的詩人在詩歌中總是充滿一種積極樂觀精神。陳子昂的《送魏大從軍》一詩寫與友人分別于繁華皇都，彼此心里總不免有些悵惘，但這種情緒只是輕輕帶過，詩人隨即把這種悵惘化為為國效力的責任。全詩以“勿使燕然上，惟留漢將功”二句作結，作者勉勵友人建功塞外，不要使燕然山上只留下漢將功績，也要有大唐將士的赫赫戰功。全詩一氣呵成，充滿積極奮發向上的豪情。

第七，各向天涯的愁緒與思念

鄭谷的《淮上與友人別》與一般送別詩不同，這是一次各赴前程的握別。友人渡江南向瀟湘，自己則北向長安。詩的末句“君向瀟湘我向秦”看起來只是交待各自行程，實際上在樸直的話語中，表現了各向天涯的無限愁緒，南北異途的深長思念。

通過以上思想內容的分析，我們發現送別詩的情感往往不是單一的，它在表達惜別留戀之情外往往還會寄托詩人的個人身世遭遇之感，表現詩人的性情品質，或凸現時代風貌。在分析詩歌思想情感時，我們一定要學會多角度多層面思考，切勿掛一漏萬。

四、風格類型：

從風格上來看，送別詩分為兩類：傷感型和豪邁型。古人出行原因大體可分為赴考、出使、遷謫（宦游）、征戎、鄉旅、歸隱等。由于道路崎嶇難行，交通工具落后，一別動輒多年，再會難期，因而古人更重離別，或折柳送別，或擺酒餞行，或寫詩相送，其間充滿了殷殷的叮囑和深深的情誼。這類詩大多纏綿凄切，充滿感傷情調。如王維《送元二使安西》、柳永的《雨霖鈴》等。但離別并非全都是傷感的，王勃的《送杜少府之任蜀州》就一洗送別的傷感之情、悲酸之態，意境開闊而音調爽朗；高適《別董大》“莫愁前路無知已，天下誰人不識君”，則表現了對朋友美好的祝愿。

鑒賞送別詩風格時，我們還要做到知人論世，體察詩情。如生活在初、盛唐的詩人，他們多具有樂觀進取的精神，心胸開闊、性格豪爽。因此他們的送別詩大多景象宏闊、別情深摯豁達開朗，很少傷感情調。

五、送別詩常見的表現手法主要有以下幾種：

第一，直接抒情

如高適的《送董大》中，“莫愁前路無知已，天下誰人不識君？”兩句，直抒胸臆，“借他人酒杯，澆自己塊壘”，表達自己雖不得意但滿懷信心和力量。

第二，寓情于景，情景交融。

詩人觸而傷懷、借以言情的客觀物象，不外落日余暉、流水通波、江風引雨、平沙卷蓬、云橫秦嶺、路繞蜀山之屬，這些物象一經帶著作者的離情別緒入詩，成為“人化的自然”，便構成一種荒寒而悲涼、空廓而沉深的美感景象。如韋應物的《賦得暮雨送李曹》著力描寫渲染煙雨、暮色、重帆、遲鳥、海門、浦樹，交織在一起，形成離別時濃重的陰沉壓抑的氛圍，抒寫惜別哀傷之情。詩歌講究含蓄蘊籍，表達情感往往婉轉曲折，經常運用寓情于景、情景交融的手法。這種手法更是送別詩中最常用最典型的手法。又如柳永《雨霖鈴》詞中的“念去去，千里煙波，暮靄沉沉楚天闊”一句，表面寫去路煙靄迷茫，道路修遠，其實是要以此寄寓離愁之思，寓情于景顯得含蓄蘊藉。

第三，想象聯想（虛實結合）

除情景交融的手法外，送別詩中還經常用到想象、聯想。常常在作者觸景生情的基礎上向前推想，大抵是想像分別后朋友行旅中的孤寂和在這種孤寂環境中的愁苦心情。更主要的則展示了自己對朋友的留戀和關切。如王昌齡的《送魏二》“憶君遙在瀟湘月，愁聽清猿夢里長。”想象分別后友人月下船泊瀟湘，“愁聽清猿”，甚至在夢里也因旅夜孤獨而不得安寢的幻想，借以加倍地表現離別的惆悵和對友人深切的關懷。此外還有王維的《送韋評事》“遙知漢使蕭關外，愁見孤城落日邊。” “今宵誰肯遠相隨，唯有寂寥孤館月。”都運用這種手法。再如如劉長卿的《送嚴士元》第三聯寫道：“日斜江上孤帆影，草綠湖南萬里情。”詩人由眼前的落日去帆這一實景而聯想到嚴士元聽去之地湖南應是萬里草青。這是虛實結合的筆法，這樣虛實結合就拓寬了詩的意境，充分表現了詩人對朋友的惜別之情、思念之情。這種手法是鑒賞中比較難把握的，需要我們有一雙想象的翅膀。

第四，比喻修辭手法

為了將抽象的情感具體化，詩人在詩歌中還特別青睞比喻這種修辭手法，送別詩因為善于運用景物營造傷離別的氣氛，所以比喻手法更為常見。看下面宋代詩人劉遷的《柳梢青·盧梅坡》一詞：泛菊杯滌，吹梅角遠，同在京城。聚散勿勿，云邊孤雁，水上浮萍。教人怎不傷情？覺幾度、魂飛夢驚。后夜相思，塵隨馬去，月逐舟行。這首詩在表達感情時就主要運用了比喻的修辭手法。上片用“云邊孤雁，水上浮萍”的比喻來表現形單影只的孤獨之感，飄泊無定的離別之苦。下片又表明他的心會像飛塵一樣時時緊跟在朋友盧梅坡的馬后，又像明月一樣處處追隨在盧梅坡的舟旁，以此來表達思念惜別之情。

第五，以樂景襯哀情

送別環境千差萬別，有凄風苦雨中的送別，也有良辰美景中的離別。寫凄風苦雨固然可以烘托別離之苦，寫良辰美景又何嘗不能反襯離人的懊惱。景色越美，越顯出歡聚的可戀和離別的難堪，美好景色反倒成為添愁增恨的因素了。如許渾《謝亭送別》“勞歌一曲解行舟，紅葉青山水急流”。歐陽修的《玉樓春》“洛陽正值芳菲節，秾艷清香相間發。”

五、體會送別詩

1．王維與《送別》

下馬飲君酒，問君何所之。君言不得意，歸臥南山陲。但去莫復問，白云無盡時。

這是一首送友人歸隱的詩。表面看來語句平淡無奇，然而細細無味，卻是詞淺情深，含義深刻。詩的開頭兩句敘事、寫飲酒餞別，以問話引起下文。

三、四句是交代友人歸隱原因是“不得志”。

五、六句是寫對友人的安慰和自己對隱居的羨慕，對功名利祿、榮華富貴的否定。全詩寫失志歸隱，借以貶斥功名，抒發陶醉白云，自尋其樂的感情，詩的后兩句韻味驟增，詩意頓濃，羨慕有心，感慨無限。2．李白與《送友人》

青山橫北郭，白水繞東城。此地一為別，孤蓬萬里征。浮云游子意，落日故人情。揮手自茲去，蕭蕭班馬鳴。

這首李白的《送友人》，是一首充滿詩情畫意的送別佳作。詩一開頭便展現了一幅寥廓秀麗的山水畫卷：“青山橫北郭，白水繞東城。”青翠的山巒橫臥于北城之外，繞城的河水像一條白練汩汩東流。“青山”對“白水”，“北郭”對“東城”，對偶工麗，色彩鮮明；山“橫”、水“繞”，一靜一動，相映成趣。就在這秀麗的青山秀水之間，友人將要上路遠行了。詩人與友人策馬并轡而行，送了一程又一程，已經到了城外，依然難舍難分。中間兩聯，直抒離別的深情。“此地一為別，孤蓬萬里征”，是說從這里分別之后,友人就將像孤獨的蓬草那樣隨風而轉，飄搖萬里之外。怎不叫人牽掛!這一聯是流水對，有如行云流水般流暢自然。

“浮云游子意，落日故人情。”是膾炙人口的名句。上句想象友人旅途中飄零之感，下句抒寫別后故人相思之情。這一聯對仗十分工整，“浮云”對“落日”，“游子意”對“故人情”，渲染出濃郁的離別氛圍，卻點到即止，毫無纏綿悱惻的哀傷情調。

尾聯“揮手自茲去，蕭蕭班馬鳴”，送君千里，終須一別，就在這時，兩匹馬仿佛也善解人意，不愿分離，昂首向天，蕭蕭長鳴，似有無限深情。班馬，是離別的馬。馬猶如此,人何以堪！直到友人走遠了，馬的悲鳴聲，似乎仍在空中回蕩，長留在詩人心中，也伴送著友人的萬里行程。

李白這首送別詩寫得情深意切，卻境界開朗；對仗工整，而自然流暢。青山、白水、浮云、落日，構成高朗闊遠的意境。

六、小結：

我們在鑒賞送別詩時,除了掌握以上的知識和方法外，還應了解作者、作品風格及創作背景等。做到知人論世，體察詩情。

在對這類詩歌進行鑒賞時，可遵循這樣的答題模式：

表現手法—————依據—————作用

表現手法——（意象——意境——感情）——作用

七、感受高考：

1、（07江蘇卷）閱讀下面宋詞，回答問題。

鷓鴣天 送人

辛棄疾

唱徹《陽光》淚未干，功名馀事且加餐。浮天水送無窮樹，帶雨云埋一半山。今古恨，幾千般，只應離合是悲歡？江頭未是**惡，別有人間行路難。（1）“浮天水送無窮樹，帶雨云埋一半山”蘊含了什么樣的思想感情？運用了哪種表現手法？

思想感情：翹首遠望，依依不舍的惜別之情；路途艱險，祝福平安的關切之情；山高水長，前程迷茫的郁悶之情。

表現手法：借景抒情或寓情于景

（2）這首詞以“送人”為題，下片寫出了哪兩層新意？

不應把離別（相聚）視為人間唯一悲痛（歡樂）的事。人世間的**遠比路途**險惡得多。

2、（08重慶卷）閱讀下面這首宋詞，然后回答問題。

卜算子·送鮑浩然之浙東

王觀

水是眼波橫，山是眉峰聚。欲問行人去那邊？眉眼盈盈處。

才始送春歸，又送君歸去。若到江南趕上春，千萬和春住。

（1）本詞上、下片各寫了什么？請作簡要概括。（2分）答案：上片寫浙東山水的美好；下片抒發作者送別的情意。

（2）宋人王灼《碧雞漫志》評王觀詞是“新麗處與輕狂處皆足驚人”。這首詞“新麗”的特點主要表現在哪些方面？請作簡要分析。（4分）答案：修辭巧妙，用語綺麗：如“水是眼波橫，山是眉峰聚。”“送春歸”“和春住”。想象別致，意蘊生動：如“眉眼盈盈處”“若到江南趕上春，千萬和春住。”

3、（07年高考湖南卷)閱讀下面的宋詩，按照要求，完成賞析。（5分）

示長安君

王安石

少年離別意非輕，老去相逢亦愴情。草草杯盤供笑語，昏昏燈火話平生。自憐湖海三年隔，又作塵沙萬里行。欲問后期何日是？寄書應見雁南征。

注：長安君為王安石（1021—1086）的大妹，工部侍郎張奎之妻，封長安縣君。此詩為王安石于宋仁宗嘉祐五年（1060）出使遼國前所作。此時他尚未拜相變法。詩中表現了“愴情”之感，請就中間兩聯逐聯賞析作者是如何表現這種情感的。

[答案]：頷聯：“供笑語”表達了相逢的歡樂，“話平生”則道盡了人生的滄桑：二者相互映襯，更添一層悲涼況味。“草草杯盤”“昏昏燈火”營造了氛圍，在這樣的環境中，詩人更容易生發悲愴之情。“草草”“昏昏”是疊詞妙用。“草草”可見酒菜的簡單，歡聚中有些許不足；“昏昏”則烘托了人物情感，暗示了將別的傷痛。頸聯：“自憐”與“又作”貫通一氣，詩人借此直抒胸臆，表達了心中的萬端悲慨。“湖海”久隔，“塵沙”遠赴，旦夕間重逢又別，且是出使不無艱險的遼國，時空的拓展將悲意又加深了一層。“三年”言時間之長，“萬里”謂距離之遠，以數字入詩，一縱一橫，使悲情更為濃烈。

4、（06安徽卷）閱讀下面一首宋詞，然后回答問題。（8分）

柳梢青·送盧梅坡

劉過

泛菊杯深，吹梅角遠，同在京城。聚散匆匆，云邊孤雁，水上浮萍。教人怎不傷情？覺幾度、魂飛夢驚。后夜相思，塵隨馬去，月遂舟行。

[注]①泛菊：飲菊花酒。②吹梅：吹奏《梅花落》。⑴“聚散匆匆”一句，在內容上強調什么？在上片的結構上起什么作用？

答：強調二人相聚之短暫、相別之倉促。在寫聚、散的內容之間起承上啟下。⑵作者在表達感情時主要運用了什么手法？請結合全詞內容具體說明。

答：主要運用了比喻手法。上片“云邊孤雁，水上浮萍”的比喻來表現離別之苦，下片用“塵隨馬去，月遂舟行”的比喻來表現思念之切。

5、（06湖北卷）閱讀下面兩首詩，然后回答問題。

丹陽送韋參軍 嚴維

丹陽郭里送行舟，一別心知兩地秋。日晚江南望江北，寒鴉飛盡水悠悠。

暮春浐水送別 韓琮

綠暗紅稀出鳳城①，暮云樓閣古今情。行人莫聽宮前水，流盡年光是此聲。

【注】①鳳城：京城。

(1)兩首送別詩都寫到的“水”，各有什么寓意？請作簡要說明。（4分）

答：上一首用“水悠悠”象征離別的惆悵和友情的悠長。下一首借“宮前水”的不斷流淌來抒發對人生、歷史以及社會的感慨。

(2)《暮春浐水送別》是怎樣融情于景的？請作簡要賞析。（4分）

答：這首詩將友情、世情等濃縮為“古今情”，融入由“綠暗”、“紅稀”、“暮云”、“宮前水”等意象組成的一幅感傷畫面之中，形成了融情于景的藝術特色。①

②

八、鑒賞訓練：

1、閱讀唐詩，回答問題。

送杜十四之江南

孟浩然

荊吳相接水為鄉，君去春江正渺茫。

日暮征帆何處泊？天涯一望斷人腸。

（1）這首詩中的“渺茫”一詞包含著作者怎樣的心情？ 答：“渺茫”是遙遠而模糊不清的意思，從字面上來看似是形容春江上煙波浩淼，雨霧蒙蒙，其實是寫詩人心中的茫然，寫出詩人送別友人時的悵然若失。（2）詩歌的三、四句在表達技巧上有什么特點及效果？

答：運用了設問、想像（虛寫）的手法。友人日暮之時會停泊在哪里呢？到那時，人生地疏，天涯一孤客是多么的令人哀傷啊！既抒發了離情，又不流于直露，余味深長，言有盡而意無窮。

2、、閱讀唐詩，回答問題。

重送裴郎中貶吉州

劉長卿

猿啼客散暮江頭，人自傷心水自流。

同作逐臣君更遠，青山萬里一孤舟。

（1）本詩運用了哪幾種手法？試結合詩句作具體分析。（4分）烘托：以猿啼、客散、暮色等烘托傷心之情

反襯：以流水無情襯人之有情，以青山重重襯行舟之孤小

對比：作者同友人的貶謫之途對比，既點同病相憐，又流露了對友人的牽掛。（2）從藝術效果和思想感情兩方面分析“青山萬里一孤舟”一句的作用。（4分）營造了開闊的意境，流露了作者對友人路途險遠的擔憂和惜別之情。

3、讀下面的詩，完成題目。

謝亭送別

許渾

勞歌一去解行舟，紅葉青山水急流。日暮酒醒人已遠，滿天風雨下西樓。

【注】勞歌：送別歌的代稱。

⑴ 作者在詩中抒發了怎樣的情感？

答：本詩抒發的是作者的離別之愁。

⑵ 有人認為第二句“紅葉青山”的色調與全詩的情感基調不和諧，你如何看待這個問題？

答：紅葉青山色彩艷麗，乍看似不協調，實際上恰恰是對離愁的有利反襯。景色越美，越覺離別的難堪。這是典型的以“樂景寫哀情”的手法。

4、閱讀下列兩首詩，然后回答問題。

送魏二

王昌齡

醉別江樓橘柚香，江風引雨入舟涼。憶君遙在瀟湘月，愁聽清猿夢里長。

別董大

高適

千里黃云白日曛，北風吹雁雪紛紛。莫愁前路無知己，天下誰人不識君。(1)《送魏二》全詩四句都有寫景，一、二句和三、四句所寫之景有何不同？

答：前兩句寫眼前的實景，后兩句寫分別后想像的虛景(未點明是分別后的想象之景，不得分)。

(2)試比較分析兩首詩的作者所抒發的離別之情是否相同。

答：《送魏二》一詩表現了作者離別時的惆悵哀婉之情 ；《別董大》中的離別之情則于慰藉中寄希望，帶有一種豪放健美、清新樂觀的色彩。

5、閱讀下面一首詩，然后回答問題。

芙蓉樓送辛漸

王昌齡

寒雨連江夜入吳平明送客楚山孤，洛陽親友如相問 一片冰心在玉壺。

（1）

一、二兩句寫景，在全詩中有什么作用？

答：這兩句寫景，增添蒼茫蕭瑟之意，渲染離別時悲涼、暗淡的氣氛，凸顯自己的孤獨。

（2）“一片冰心在玉壺”歷來為人們所稱道，你認為寫得好嗎？請說出理由。

答：寫得好。“冰心”“玉壺”都是純凈無暇，用它們作比喻，形象地表達了作者冰清玉潔的操守和志節。詩人以此告慰親友，更表達了他對親友的深情。

6、閱讀下面唐詩，完成題目

送人東歸 溫庭筠

荒戍落黃葉,浩然離故關。高風漢陽渡,初日郢門山。

江上幾人在,天涯孤棹還。何當重相見,樽灑慰離顏。

（1）請從現實與想象交融的角度，說說作者在尾聯中流露了怎樣的情感。

答：就要分別了，主人與歸客開懷暢飲，期盼著別后再相逢。表現出思念友人的情感。（2）清朝有位文學批評家稱這首詩的首聯“起調最高”；其意思是，起筆便顯露了不凡的格調。請參考這一評價，寫出你對首聯的理解和評價。

答：送友人東歸，但見荒廢的古堡，凋零的黃葉。這本是充滿別愁離緒的場景。殊料，友人心志高遠，既不悲秋也不傷離別，于是詩人便以“浩然離古關”奏響了昂揚的主旋律。起筆寫深秋送別，卻意氣洋洋，確實格調不凡，正所謂“起調最高”。

7、閱讀下面唐詩，回答問題

黃鶴樓送孟浩然之廣陵 李白

故人西辭黃鶴樓, 煙花三月下揚州。孤帆遠影碧空盡, 惟見長江天際流。

送杜十四之江西 孟浩然 荊楚相接水為鄉，君去春江正渺茫。日暮征帆何處泊，天涯一望斷人腸。（1）指出這兩首詩在抒情方式上的不同之處。

答：這兩首詩均表達了對友人的惜別之情，李詩以眼前所見之景間接抒情，孟詩除了借想象間接抒情外，還有直接抒情。

（2）李白這首詩，詩中有畫，畫中有情，詩中見志。在“畫”“情”“志”中選一點，談談你的理解。

答：結合詩的意境，言之成理即可。

8、閱讀下面王勃的兩首詩，回答問題。

江亭月夜送別（其一）

江送巴南水，山橫塞北云。津亭秋月夜，誰見泣離群。

江亭月夜送別（其二）亂煙籠碧砌，飛月向南端。寂寞離亭掩，江山此夜寒。

（1）王勃的這兩首同題送別詩，在表達感情方面寫法有何主要區別？請作簡要分析。

答：第一首用“誰見泣離群”直接抒情，表達離愁；第二首用寓情于景、景中見情的手法委婉（間接）地表達離情。

（2）有人評點《江亭月夜送別（其二）》這首詩時，稱贊“寒”字之妙：“一片離情，俱從此字托出。”你同意這種看法嗎？為什么？

答：同意。作者感到此夜江山寒，一個“寒”字極寫出友人離去后心情的沉重與冷寂。

第四篇：古今勵志詩詞集錦(一)

古今勵志詩詞集錦(一).txt心是自己的，干嘛總被別人傷......沒有傘的孩子必須努力奔跑▓敷衍旳青春 總昰想太多 怨，只怨現實太現實╰⌒﹏為什么在一起要兩個人的同意丶而分手只需要一個人古今勵志詩詞集錦

（一）1、博觀而約取，厚積而薄發。(蘇軾)

2、不登高山，不知天之高也；不臨深溪，不知地之厚也。(《荀子》)

3、不操千曲而后曉聲，觀千劍而后識器。(劉勰)

4、察己則可以知人，察今則可以知古。(《呂氏春秋》)

5、長風破浪會有時，直掛云帆濟滄海。(李白)

6、臣心一片磁針石，不指南方不肯休。(文天祥)

7、發奮忘食，樂以忘優，不知老之將至。(論語)沉舟側畔千帆過，病樹前頭萬木春。(劉禹錫)

8、三軍可奪帥也，匹夫不可奪志也。(論語)

9、不飛則已，一飛沖天；不鳴則已，一鳴驚人。(司馬遷)

10、當斷不斷，反受其亂。(漢書)

11、博學之，審問之，慎思之，明辨之，篤行之。(《禮記》)

12、登山則情滿于山，觀海則意溢于海。(劉勰)

13、讀書百遍，其義自現。(三國志)

14、天變不足畏，祖宗不足法，人言不足恤。(王安石)

15、千磨萬擊還堅勁，任爾東西南北風。(鄭板橋)

16、工欲善其事，必先利其器。(孔子)

17、光陰似箭，日月如梭。(明《增廣賢文》)

18、海闊憑魚躍，天高任鳥飛。(古詩詩話)（現代人的心聲啊）

19、海納百川，有容乃大；壁立千仞，無欲則剛。(林則徐)20、會當凌絕頂，一覽眾山小。(杜甫)

21、春風得意馬蹄疾，一日看盡長安花。(孟郊)

22、大直若屈，大巧若拙，大辯若訥。(《老子》)

23、修身、齊家、治國、平天下。(大學)

24、禍兮，福之所倚；福兮，鍋之所伏。(《老子》)

25、兼聽則明，偏信則暗。(《資治通鑒》)

26、見兔而顧犬，未為晚也；亡羊而補牢，未為遲也。(《戰國策》)

27、窮則獨善其身，達則兼善天下。(《孟子》)

28、鏡破不改光，蘭死不改香。(孟郊)

29、君子成人之美，不成人之惡。(論語)30、君子坦蕩蕩，小人長戚戚。(孔子)

31、君子憂道不憂貧。(論語)

32、老當益壯，寧知白首之心；窮且益堅，不墜青云之志。(王勃)

33、老驥伏櫪，志在千里。烈士暮年，壯心不已。(曹操)（最愛）

34、流水不腐，戶樞不蠹。(呂氏春秋)

35、路漫漫其修遠今，吾將上下而求索。(屈原)

36、莫愁前路無知己，天下誰人不識君。(高適)

37、木秀于林，風必摧之。(舊唐書)

38、皮之不存，毛將焉附？(左傳)

39、其曲彌高，其和彌寡。(宋玉)40、其身正，不令而行；其身不正，雖令不從。(論語)

41、前事不忘，后事之師。(《戰國策》)

42、青，取之于藍而青于藍。(荀子)

43、青山遮不住，畢竟東流去。(辛棄疾)

44、窮則變，變則通，通則久。(易經)

第五篇：關于勵志的詩詞賞析

1《苔》

清·袁枚

白日不到處，青春恰自來。

苔花如米小，也學牡丹開。

溫暖的陽光照不到的陰暗處，苔蘚生機萌動，依然碧綠長青。苔花盡管如同米粒大小，它也像雍容華貴的牡丹花一樣熱烈綻放。

不過多么渺小或不起眼的東西，都有他的功用。而從生命的角度來看，在艱難困苦中依然能夠成長和突破，頑強的生命力和斗志，是最受人敬佩的精神。

2《竹石》

清·鄭燮

咬定青山不放松，立根原在破巖中。

千磨萬擊還堅勁，任爾東西南北風。

竹子抓住青山一點也不肯放松，它的根原來已經深深地扎在破敗的巖石堆中。歷經無數磨難和打擊仍然還堅強剛勁，隨便你刮和煦的東風、酷暑的南風、干燥的西風、還是嚴寒的北風。

3《小松》

唐·杜荀鶴

自小刺頭深草里，而今漸覺出蓬蒿。

時人不識凌云木，直待凌云始道高。

小小的松樹埋沒在草堆中，是多么不起眼，然而它的內在是挺拔高大的凌云木，不管勢利的時人如何評論，自己努力成長去聳入云霄。

4《輜門警訓》

唐·佚名

守道猶如守禁城，緊把城頭戰一場。

不經一番寒徹骨，怎得梅花撲鼻香？

“寶劍鋒從磨礪出,梅花香自苦寒來。”梅花象征著鐵骨錚錚，不屈不撓，敢斗霜雪的精神；

又象征高潔守道的凜然君子，不畏嚴寒剛毅雄杰。

5《泛海》

明·王陽明

險夷原不滯胸中，何異浮云過太空?

夜靜海濤三萬里，月明飛錫下天風。

明朝劉瑾把持朝政，王陽明仗義執言，被劉瑾廷杖四十，投入大牢，謫貶為貴州龍場驛驛丞，去龍場途中，劉瑾還派殺手追殺，王陽明裝死逃難，于九死一生中，王陽明心中苦悶矛盾，不知何去何從。后經一道士點化后，王陽明心中豁然開朗，毅然擔當起責任，寫下了這首豁達的詩詞，然后回家省親，再到龍場服役，終于龍場悟道。

一切艱難險阻，在我看起來，就如天上漂浮的一朵朵白云，不應停滯于心中，而天空的顏色，是潔凈湛藍的。夜深人靜時，我思考著國家的命運，思考著自己的人生經歷，盡是大起大落，如海中波濤一般。我將乘天地之正氣，秉光明的心地，去接受任何的人生艱難險阻的挑戰。

(網絡詩作精選)