第一篇：一-英語作文賞析

一 ~~~ the + ~ est + 名詞 +(that)+ 主詞 + have ever + seen(known/heard/had/read, etc)

~~~ the most + 形容詞 + 名詞 +(that)+ 主詞 + have ever + seen(known/heard/had/read, etc)

例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.海倫是我所看過最美麗的女孩。

Mr.Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.張老師是我曾經遇到最仁慈的教師。

二 Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容詞 + than to + V

例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education.沒有比接受教育更重要的事。

三 ~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.（再怎么強調……的重要性也不為過。）

例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.我們再怎么強調保護眼睛的重要性也不為過。

四 There is no denying that + S + V...（不可否認的……）

例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.不可否認的，我們的生活品質已經每況愈下。

五 It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~（全世界都知道……）例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道樹木對我們是不可或缺的。

六 There is no doubt that + 句子~~（毫無疑問的……）

例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.毫無疑問的我們的教育制度令人不滿意。

七 An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子（……的優點是……）

例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create(produce)any pollution.使用太陽能的優點是它不會制造任何污染。

八 The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子（……的原因是……）

例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.我們必須種樹的原因是它們能供應我們新鮮的空氣。

九 So + 形容詞 + be + 主詞 + that + 句子（如此……以致于……）

例句：So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.時間是如此珍貴，我們經不起浪費它。

十 Adj + as + Subject（主詞）+ be, S + V~~~（雖然……）

例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.(by no means = in no way = on no account 一點也不)雖然我們的國家富有，我們的生活品質絕對令人不滿意。

十一 The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~

The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~（愈……愈……）

例句：The harder you work, the more progress you make.你愈努力，你愈進步。

The more books we read, the more learned we become.我們書讀愈多，我們愈有學問。

十二 By +Ving, ~~ can ~~（借著……，能夠……）

例句：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.借著做運動，我們能夠始終保持健康。

十三 ~~~ enable + Object（受詞）+ to + V（使……能夠……）

例句：Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.聽音樂使我們能夠感覺輕松。

十四 On no account can we + V ~~~（我們絕對不能……）

例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我們絕對不能忽略知識的價值。

十五 It is time + S + 過去式（該是……的時候了）

例句：It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.該是有關當局采取適當的措施來解決交通問題的時候了。Agreement: 主語和謂語在人稱、數上的一致，關系代詞與先行詞的一致。

Ambiguity: 盡量不去使用可能引起歧義的詞語或句子。

Brief: 文章“簡為貴”，要抓住要點，簡明扼要。

Coherence: 文理通順，前后連貫。

Development: 主題的發揮應當充分、合理、正確。

Division: 詞匯、句子、段落要分配使用得當，劃分要清楚，避免使用重復字句和種子片段。

Figures: 正確合理使用各類修辭格式。

Inflated diction: 不使用做作的語言。

Key: 用適當的關鍵詞突出主題，每段都應有主題句。

Logical: 內容要符合邏輯。

Message: 信息要新鮮、確實、可信。

Omit: 合理刪除多余的不必要部分。

Proposition: 主張、觀點、論述要清楚肯切、合情入理。

Punctuation: 正確適時使用標點符號。

Relevant: 文章一定要要題。

Sentence pattern: 句型要盡量多樣化。

Strait: 開門見山，直來直去。

Style: 文體恰切，適合內容要求。

Tense: 動詞時態要正確、一致、變化合理。

Theme: 選題得當，主題突出

1.增補(Addition)

in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what`s more, similarly, next, finally.2.比較(Comparison)in the same way, likewise, similarly, equally, in comparison, just as 3.對照(Contrast)

whereas, in contrast, on the other hand, instead, however, nevertheless, unlike, even though, on the contrary, while

4.因果(Cause and Effect)

because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result(of), accordingly, hence, so, thus

5.強調(Emphasis)

certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely, most imprtant

6.讓步(Concession)

although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided, while it is true....7.例證(Exemplification)

for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.8.總結(Conclusion)

to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, to put it in a nutshell, in summary

9.推斷(Inference)

therefore, as a result(of), consequently, accordingly, so, otherwise 10.時間和空間(Time and Space)afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, outside, near, beyound, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of I.用于文章主題句

1.不用說?…

It goes without saying that子句 =(It is)needless to say(that)子句 = It is obvious that子句 = Obviously, S.+ V.例︰不用說早睡早起是值得的。

It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.2.…是不可能的;無法… There is no Ving = There is no way of Ving.= There is no possibility of Ving.= It is impossible to V.= It is out of the question to V.= No one can V.= We cannot V.例︰不可否認的?成功的事業關鍵在于健康的身心。There is not denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind.3.我深信…

I am greatly convinced(that)子句 = I am greatly assured(that)子句 例︰我深信預防是于治療。

I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure.4.在各種…之中?… Among various kinds of …, … = Of all the …, …

例︰在各種運動中?我尤其喜歡慢跑。

Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.5.…是很容易證明的。It can be easily proved(that)子句 例︰時間最珍貴是很容易證明的。

It can be easily proved that nothing is more precious than time.6.…無論如何強調都不為過 … cannot be overemphasized

例︰交通安全的重要性無論如何強調都不為過。The importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized.7.就我的看法?…；我認為… In my opinion, … = To my mind, ….= As far as I am concerned, … = I am of the opinion that子句

例︰就我的看法?打電動玩具既花費時間也有害健康。

In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.8.(A)每個人都知道… Everyone knows(that)子句(B)就我所知?…

As far as my knowledge is concerned, … 例︰就我所知?下列方法對我幫助很大。

As far as my knowledge is concerned, the following ways are of great help to me.9.毫無疑問地?… There is no doubt(that)子句

例︰毫無疑問地?近視在我國的年輕人中是一個嚴重的問題。

There is no doubt that near-sightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country.10.根據我個人經驗?…

According to my personal experience, … = Based on my personal experience, …

例︰根據我個人經驗?微笑已帶給我許多好處。

According to my personal experience, smile has done me a lot of good.11.在我認識的人當中?也許沒有一個人比…更值得我尊敬。Of all the people I know, perhaps non deserves my respect more than …

例︰在我認識的人當中?也許沒有一個人比我的英文老師張老師更值得我尊敬。Of all the people I know, perhaps non deserves my respect more than Miss Chang, my English teacher.12.在我的求學過程中?我忘不了…

In the course of my schooling.I will never forget …

例︰在我的求學過程中?我忘不了學習英文所遭到的大困難。

In the course of my schooling.I will never forget the great difficulty I encountered in learning English.13.(A)隨著人口的增加?… With the increase/growth of the population, …(B)隨著科技的進步, … With the advance of science and technology, … 例︰隨著臺灣經濟的快速發展?許多社會問題產生了。

With the rapid development of Taiwan's economy, a lot of social problems have come to pass.14.(A)在這信息的年代?…扮演重要的角色。

In the age of information and communication, … plays an important role.(B)在今日工業社會中?…是生命不可或缺的。In today's industrial society, … is indispensable to life.例︰在這信息的年代?計算機扮演非常重要的角色。

In this age of information and communication, the computer plays an extremely important role.15.在討論…?一個人不得不承認…。

In dealing with …, one cannot but admit(that)子句

例︰在討論未來的職業?一個人不得不承認盡早決定未來的職業很重要。

In dealing with one's future career, one cannot but admit that it is very important to decide one's future career as early as possible.16.世上沒有什么比…更令我高興。

Nothing in the world can delight me so much as … 例︰世上沒有什么比到快餐店吃漢堡更令我高興。

Nothing in the world can delight me so much as having hamburgers in fast-food restaurants.17.… 是必要的 It is necessary that S(should)V … 是重要的 It is important/essential that S(should)V … 是適當的 It is proper that S(should)V … 是緊急的 It is urgent that S(should)V 例︰我們當保持公共場所清潔是應當的。It is proper that we(should)keep the public places clean.18.每當我聽到…?我就忍不住感到興奮。Whenever I hear …, I cannot but feel excited.每當我做…? 我就忍不住感到悲傷。Whenever I do …, I cannot but feel sad.每當我想到…?我就忍不住感到緊張。Whenever I think of …, I cannot but feel nervous.每當我遭遇…?我就忍不住感到害怕。Whenever I meet with …, I cannot but feel frightened.每當我看到… 我就忍不住感到驚訝。Whenever I see …, I cannot but feel surprised.例︰每當我想到我家附近那一條清澈的小溪?我就忍不住感到悲傷。Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot but feel sad.= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot help feeling sad.19.據說… It is said(that)子句 一般認為… It is thought(that)子句 大家都知道… It is known(that)子句 據報導… It is reported(that)子句 一般預料… It is expected(that)子句 一般估計… It is estimated(that)子句 一般相信… It is believed(that)子句

例︰一般相信閱讀增加我們的知識、擴大我們的心胸。

It is believed(that)reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.20.…的主要理由是… The main reason why …..is(that)子句

例︰青少年犯罪的主要理由是社會環境日一敗壞。

The main reason why the juveniles commit crimes is that social environment is becoming worse.21.俗語說得好：「…」。Well goes an old saying, “…”

= As an old saying goes(runs, says), “…” = An old saying goes, “…” = It's an old saying(that)子句 例︰俗話說得好：「誠實為上策」。

As an old saying goes, “Honesty is the best policy.” 22.(A)…用下列方法… … in the following ways.(B)…有三個主要理由?！?for three major reasons.(C)要…?至少我們可做三件事。To …, there are at least three things we can do.例︰(A)我用下列方法增加信心。

I increase my confidence in the following ways.(B)人們學外語有三個理由。

People learn a foreign language for three major reasons.(C)為了維護健康?我們每天至少可做三件事。To keep healthy, there are at least three things we can do every day.II.用于文章承轉句 23.那就是(說)…；亦即… That is to say, … = That is, … = Namely, …

例︰我們生活需有規律。也就是說?早睡早起?戒除煙酒。

We need to live a regular life.That is, we can keep good hours and refrain from smoking and drinking in the daily activities.24.(A)基于這個理由?… For this reason, …(B)為了這個目的?… For this purpose, …

例︰基于這個理由?我已決定把行醫作為未來的職業。

For this reason, I have decided to take practicing medicine as my future career.25.我們有理由相信…

We have reasons to believe(that)子句 例︰我們有理由相信體罰應該嚴格禁止。

We have reasons to believe that corporal punishment should be strictly prohibited.26.事實上?… As a matter of fact, … = In fact, …

例︰事實上?健康才是最重要。As a matter of fact, it is health that counts.27.(A)例如?… For example, …(B)拿…做例子 Take … for example.例︰例如?我們盲目地提高生活水準?卻降低生活品質。

For example, we elevate the living standards blindly, but lower the quality of life.28.此外?我們不應忽視…

Besides(In addition), we should not neglect …

例︰此外?我們不應忽視每個人都想要一個溫馨祥和的社會。

In addition, we should not neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society.29.相反地?… on the contrary, … = by contrast, …

例︰相反地?少數學生似乎還在鬼混。

On the contrary, a few students, it seems, are still fooling around.30.另一方面?… on the other hand, …

例︰政府應嚴格執法?另一方面?大眾也應該培養減少污染的好習慣。The government should enforce laws strictly.On the other hand, the public also should develop the good habit of reducing pollution.31.然而?很可惜的是… However, it is a pity that子句

例︰然而?很可惜的是他總是臨時抱佛腳。

However, it is a pity that he should always cram at the eleventh hour.32.換言之?… in other words, … = to put it differently 例︰換言之?我會盡最大的努力達成我的目標。

In other words, I will try my best to attain(gain, live up to)my goal.33.別人可能認為這是事實?但我不是。我認為…

It may be true as assumed by others, but I don't.I believe that子句 例︰別人可能認為這是事實?但我不是。我認為…

It may be true as assumed by others, but I don't.I believe that if you have strong determination and perseverance, the success will certainly come to you in the end.34.從此之后?我已發現…

Ever since then, I have found that子句 例︰從此之后?我已發現… Ever since then, I have found smile the best way to avoid any possible conflicts in our daily lives.35.這樣說來?假如...?當然毫無疑問地…。

In this light, if…, there can surely be no doubt(that)子句

例︰這樣說來?假如我們能善用時間?當然毫無疑問地我們會成功。

In this light, if we can make good use of time, there can surely be no doubt that we will get somewhere.36.更嚴重的是?…。

What is more serious is(that)子句 例︰更嚴重的是?我們不珍惜野生動物。

What is more serious is that we do not cherish the wildlife.37.鑒于社會的實際需要?…。

In view of the practical need of society, ….例︰鑒于社會的實際需要?愈來愈多人對學英語有興趣。

In view of the practical need of society, there are more and more people interested in learning English.III.用于文章結論句 38.如果能實踐這三點?…。

If one can really put the three points into action(practice), … 例︰如果能實踐這三點?…。If one can really put the three points into action(practice), he will surely be able to live a healthy and happy life.39.做這些簡單之事?我們一定可以…。By doing these simple things, we surely can ….例︰做這些簡單之事?我們一定可以快樂出門平安回家。

By doing these simple things, we surely can go out of the door happily and come back home safe every day.40.如此?我相信…。In this way, I believe(that)子句

例︰如此?我相信大家能夠像我一樣?享受乘坐公車的樂趣。

In this way, I believe that all the people may be able to enjoy the bus ride like me.41.實踐這些?…。

By putting them(the above)into practice, ….例︰實踐這些?在智育方面我一直能不斷進步。

By putting them(the above)into practice, I have been able to make constant progress in intellectual education.42.(A)唯有符合此三項要求?我們才能…。Only by living up to the three requirements, can we ….(B)唯有通力合作?我們才能…。Only with combined efforts, can we ….例︰唯有通力合作?我們才能期望臺灣不久有新的面貌。

Only with combined efforts, can we expect Taiwan to take a new face in due course.43.最后?但并非最不重要?…。Last but no least, ….例︰最后?但并非最不重要?教育上的缺失是助長青少年犯罪的原因。Last but no least, the shortcoming in education is the cause contributing to juvenile delinquency.44.這證據顯示～的重要性在怎么強調都不為過。

This evidence shows that the importance of ～ cannot be overemphasized.例︰這證據顯示交通安全的重要性在怎么強調都不為過。

This evidence shows that the importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized.45.由于這些理由?我…。For these reasons, I ….例︰由于這些理由?我認為在臺灣接受大學教育是明智的。

For these reasons, I think that receiving college education in Taiwan is wise.46.總而言之?…。In conclusion, … = To sum up, …

例︰總而言之?好國民應該遵守交通規則。In conclusion, a good citizen should abide by traffic regulations.47.因此?我們能下個結論?那就是…。

We can, therefore, come to the conclusion(that)子句 例︰因此?我們能下個結論?那就是世上自由罪珍貴。

We can, therefore, come to the conclusion that nothing is so precious as freedom in the world.48.如果我們能做到如上所述?毫無疑問地?…。

If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt(that)子句 例︰如果我們能做到如上所述?毫無疑問地?我們就能精通英語。

If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt that we can master English 49.因此?這就是…的原因。Thus, this is the reason why ….例︰因此?這就是我重感冒的原因。Thus, this is the reason why I caught a bad cold.50.所以?我們應該了解…。Therefore, we should realize(that)子句

例︰所以?我們應該了解學英文不能沒有字典。

Therefore, we should realize that in learning English we cannot do without a dictionary.51.因此?由上列的討論我們可以明了…。

We, therefore, can make clear from the above discussion(that)子句 例︰因此?由上列的討論我們可以明了毅力可以克服任何困難。

We, therefore, can make clear from the above discussion that perseverance can overcome any difficulty.52.1.從～觀點來看?…。From the ～ point of view, ….2.根據～的看法?…。According to ～ point of view, ….例︰從政治的觀點來看?這是一個很復雜的問題。

From the political point

1.詞語選擇的重要性

在The Right Word at the Right Time的“序言”中，編者對詞語選用的重要性作了一個很好的比喻：“Using the right word at the right time is rather like wearing appropriate clothing for the occasion：it is a courtesy to others，and a favor to yourself-a matter of presenting yourself well in the eyes of the world.“

顯然，說話或寫文章時用詞適當比穿著適當難度大得多，因而也具有更大的重要性。在我國，古人寫文章時常為一個詞語的選用冥思苦想，因而有“語不驚人死不休”的說法。

成語“一字值千金”也說明了選擇詞語的極端重要性。有時“一字之差”造成令人遺憾的敗筆，或招致成千上萬的經濟損失。這些反面的教訓也告訴我們必須重視詞語選用的問題。

2.詞語選擇的可能性

實際上，我們每個人的腦子里都有了一個或大或小的詞庫，只要我們肯去發掘，往往可以得到更好的表達方式。這是我們做好詞語選用的主觀條件。

從客觀條件廣看，我們有各種類型的詞典和參考書，只要我們平時多翻譯、多閱讀，寫作時勤查考，就會在詞語選用上不斷進步。當然，一部好詞典也不會毫無缺點，更難以面面俱到，因此在這里我們應牢牢記住著名英國作家、評論家和辭書編纂家Johson的話：

Dictionaries are like watches: the worst is better than none, and the best cannot be expected to go quite true.3.詞語選擇的三項標準

關于擇語標準，人們說法不一，但準確、鮮明、生動三項原則是公認的。當然，某詞語用得是否符合要求，不可孤立地從詞語本身的含義上著眼，還要看其具體使用場合，包括同其他詞語搭配等。

1)擇語的準確性

準確性，就是要根據使用場合選用確切的語言形式，正如有句英語俗語所言：

Do not write so that your words may be undetstood, but write so that your words must be understood.著名美國作家馬克·吐溫說：“用詞準確與用詞幾乎準確，這兩者之間的差異就如閃電與螢火蟲之間的差異?！?The difference between the right word and the almost-right word is as great as that between lighting and the lighting bug.)

為了擇語準確，必須熟悉詞語的多義性。例如depression對心理學家、經濟學家或地質學家來說，含義各不相同：

He is in a state of deep depression as a result of his setback latest experiment.The depression first hit almost all the small and medium-sized enterprises.Transportation was at a standstill caused by the depressions in the highways after the earthquake in that area.反之，也常常有幾個詞語可以表示類似的含義，如心理學上的“depression”也能用melancholia，the blues，the dismal in the dumps，low等詞語表示。

要做到準確選擇，有必要注意詞語的兩種意義：“基本意義”(denotation)和”引申意義“(connotation)。前者指該詞語的本身，或客觀的固有含義，后者指該詞語在一定搭配或上下句中出現的其他意義，往往比較含蓄，帶有詞語使用者的主觀態度或感情色彩。如inexpensive和cheap都表示便宜的基本意思，如顧客問營業員：“May I have some thing cheaper?”意思是希望要價錢便宜一點的，當然并不是說質量可以不好，但cheap在其他句式或使用場合可引出“低劣”、“平庸”、“吝嗇”、“卑鄙”等多種意思，這類意思正是修辭上的“敏感地帶”。

選用詞語的準確性還表現在區分表示大體/抽象含義的詞語和表示具體/特定含義的詞語上，需要根據不同的使用場合做出正確的選擇。抽象含義詞語和具體含義詞語不是兩個對立的家族，在一定的條件下可以轉化，如

labor一詞通常帶抽象含義，但并非一成不變。試比較：

A)Honest labor creates wealth for the society.B)In the GM contract dispute, labor seeks a five-cent per hour wage increase.上述A句中labor一詞為抽象含義，泛指各種社會勞動，B句中labor為具體含義，特指WAW，即美國汽車、飛機、農業機械工人聯合會。

2)擇語的鮮明度

準確性是鮮明度的前提，也是提高鮮明度的基礎。然而，鮮明與簡練相關。英國文豪莎士比亞的名言“Brevity is the soul of wit”相當于漢語的“言貴簡潔”。我們說話、寫文章都要以“言簡意賅”四字為目標，為此，應從兩個方面加以注意：

A.在可以運用較簡短的常見詞語表達意思時不要用復雜而少的詞語，如：do something for(不用perform，accomplish)，用end／finish a letter(不用terminate，conclude)。

B.多余的或轉彎抹角的詞語都不利于明白地表達思想，因而下列短語中加括號的部分都應省去：

mutual aid(to each other)(mutual)aid to each other，(an entirely)complete confidence，repeat the question(again)，return(back)from abroad，etc.3)擇語的生動感

生動感也可以叫做優美感(gracefulness)，它是建筑在準確性和鮮明度的基礎上的，否則，單純追求生動或優雅，就會出現辭藻華麗(flowery)而內容空洞的文風，這是應當避免的。

I.用于文章主題句 1.不用說?…

It goes without saying that子句 =(It is)needless to say(that)子句 = It is obvious that子句 = Obviously, S.+ V.例︰不用說早睡早起是值得的。

It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.2.…是不可能的;無法… There is no Ving = There is no way of Ving.= There is no possibility of Ving.= It is impossible to V.= It is out of the question to V.= No one can V.= We cannot V.例︰不可否認的?成功的事業關鍵在于健康的身心。

There is not denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind.3.我深信…

I am greatly convinced(that)子句 = I am greatly assured(that)子句 例︰我深信預防是于治療。

I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure.4.在各種…之中?… Among various kinds of …, … = Of all the …, …

例︰在各種運動中?我尤其喜歡慢跑。

Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.5.…是很容易證明的。It can be easily proved(that)子句 例︰時間最珍貴是很容易證明的。

It can be easily proved that nothing is more precious than time.6.…無論如何強調都不為過 … cannot be overemphasized

例︰交通安全的重要性無論如何強調都不為過。The importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized.7.就我的看法?…；我認為… In my opinion, … = To my mind, ….= As far as I am concerned, … = I am of the opinion that子句

例︰就我的看法?打電動玩具既花費時間也有害健康。

In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.8.(A)每個人都知道… Everyone knows(that)子句(B)就我所知?… As far as my knowledge is concerned, … 例︰就我所知?下列方法對我幫助很大。

As far as my knowledge is concerned, the following ways are of great help to me.9.毫無疑問地?… There is no doubt(that)子句

例︰毫無疑問地?近視在我國的年輕人中是一個嚴重的問題。

There is no doubt that near-sightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country.10.根據我個人經驗?…

According to my personal experience, … = Based on my personal experience, …

例︰根據我個人經驗?微笑已帶給我許多好處。

According to my personal experience, smile has done me a lot of good.11.在我認識的人當中?也許沒有一個人比…更值得我尊敬。Of all the people I know, perhaps non deserves my respect more than …

例︰在我認識的人當中?也許沒有一個人比我的英文老師張老師更值得我尊敬。Of all the people I know, perhaps non deserves my respect more than Miss Chang, my English teacher.12.在我的求學過程中?我忘不了…

In the course of my schooling.I will never forget …

例︰在我的求學過程中?我忘不了學習英文所遭到的大困難。

In the course of my schooling.I will never forget the great difficulty I encountered in learning English.13.(A)隨著人口的增加?… With the increase/growth of the population, …(B)隨著科技的進步, … With the advance of science and technology, … 例︰隨著臺灣經濟的快速發展?許多社會問題產生了。

With the rapid development of Taiwan's economy, a lot of social problems have come to pass.14.(A)在這信息的年代?…扮演重要的角色。

In the age of information and communication, … plays an important role.(B)在今日工業社會中?…是生命不可或缺的。In today's industrial society, … is indispensable to life.例︰在這信息的年代?計算機扮演非常重要的角色。

In this age of information and communication, the computer plays an extremely important role.15.在討論…?一個人不得不承認…。

In dealing with …, one cannot but admit(that)子句

例︰在討論未來的職業?一個人不得不承認盡早決定未來的職業很重要。

In dealing with one's future career, one cannot but admit that it is very important to decide one's future career as early as possible.16.世上沒有什么比…更令我高興。

Nothing in the world can delight me so much as … 例︰世上沒有什么比到快餐店吃漢堡更令我高興。

Nothing in the world can delight me so much as having hamburgers in fast-food restaurants.17.… 是必要的 It is necessary that S(should)V … 是重要的 It is important/essential that S(should)V … 是適當的 It is proper that S(should)V … 是緊急的 It is urgent that S(should)V 例︰我們當保持公共場所清潔是應當的。

It is proper that we(should)keep the public places clean.18.每當我聽到…?我就忍不住感到興奮。Whenever I hear …, I cannot but feel excited.每當我做…? 我就忍不住感到悲傷。Whenever I do …, I cannot but feel sad.每當我想到…?我就忍不住感到緊張。Whenever I think of …, I cannot but feel nervous.每當我遭遇…?我就忍不住感到害怕。Whenever I meet with …, I cannot but feel frightened.每當我看到… 我就忍不住感到驚訝。Whenever I see …, I cannot but feel surprised.例︰每當我想到我家附近那一條清澈的小溪?我就忍不住感到悲傷。Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot but feel sad.= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot help feeling sad.19.據說… It is said(that)子句 一般認為… It is thought(that)子句 大家都知道… It is known(that)子句 據報導… It is reported(that)子句 一般預料… It is expected(that)子句 一般估計… It is estimated(that)子句 一般相信… It is believed(that)子句

例︰一般相信閱讀增加我們的知識、擴大我們的心胸。

It is believed(that)reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.20.…的主要理由是…

The main reason why …..is(that)子句

例︰青少年犯罪的主要理由是社會環境日一敗壞。

The main reason why the juveniles commit crimes is that social environment is becoming worse.21.俗語說得好：「…」。Well goes an old saying, ”…“

= As an old saying goes(runs, says), ”…“ = An old saying goes, ”…“ = It's an old saying(that)子句 例︰俗話說得好：「誠實為上策」。

As an old saying goes, ”Honesty is the best policy.“ 22.(A)…用下列方法… … in the following ways.(B)…有三個主要理由。… for three major reasons.(C)要…?至少我們可做三件事。To …, there are at least three things we can do.例︰(A)我用下列方法增加信心。

I increase my confidence in the following ways.(B)人們學外語有三個理由。

People learn a foreign language for three major reasons.(C)為了維護健康?我們每天至少可做三件事。

To keep healthy, there are at least three things we can do every day.II.用于文章承轉句 23.那就是(說)…；亦即… That is to say, … = That is, … = Namely, …

例︰我們生活需有規律。也就是說?早睡早起?戒除煙酒。

We need to live a regular life.That is, we can keep good hours and refrain from smoking and drinking in the daily activities.24.(A)基于這個理由?… For this reason, …(B)為了這個目的?… For this purpose, …

例︰基于這個理由?我已決定把行醫作為未來的職業。

For this reason, I have decided to take practicing medicine as my future career.25.我們有理由相信…

We have reasons to believe(that)子句 例︰我們有理由相信體罰應該嚴格禁止。

We have reasons to believe that corporal punishment should be strictly prohibited.26.事實上?… As a matter of fact, … = In fact, …

例︰事實上?健康才是最重要。As a matter of fact, it is health that counts.27.(A)例如?… For example, …(B)拿…做例子 Take … for example.例︰例如?我們盲目地提高生活水準?卻降低生活品質。

For example, we elevate the living standards blindly, but lower the quality of life.28.此外?我們不應忽視…

Besides(In addition), we should not neglect …

例︰此外?我們不應忽視每個人都想要一個溫馨祥和的社會。

In addition, we should not neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society.29.相反地?… on the contrary, … = by contrast, …

例︰相反地?少數學生似乎還在鬼混。

On the contrary, a few students, it seems, are still fooling around.30.另一方面?… on the other hand, …

例︰政府應嚴格執法?另一方面?大眾也應該培養減少污染的好習慣。

The government should enforce laws strictly.On the other hand, the public also should develop the good habit of reducing pollution.31.然而?很可惜的是… However, it is a pity that子句

例︰然而?很可惜的是他總是臨時抱佛腳。

However, it is a pity that he should always cram at the eleventh hour.32.換言之?… in other words, … = to put it differently 例︰換言之?我會盡最大的努力達成我的目標。

In other words, I will try my best to attain(gain, live up to)my goal.33.別人可能認為這是事實?但我不是。我認為…

It may be true as assumed by others, but I don't.I believe that子句 例︰別人可能認為這是事實?但我不是。我認為…

It may be true as assumed by others, but I don't.I believe that if you have strong determination and perseverance, the success will certainly come to you in the end.34.從此之后?我已發現…

Ever since then, I have found that子句 例︰從此之后?我已發現…

Ever since then, I have found smile the best way to avoid any possible conflicts in our daily lives.35.這樣說來?假如...?當然毫無疑問地…。

In this light, if…, there can surely be no doubt(that)子句

例︰這樣說來?假如我們能善用時間?當然毫無疑問地我們會成功。

In this light, if we can make good use of time, there can surely be no doubt that we will get somewhere.36.更嚴重的是?…。What is more serious is(that)子句 例︰更嚴重的是?我們不珍惜野生動物。

What is more serious is that we do not cherish the wildlife.37.鑒于社會的實際需要?…。

In view of the practical need of society, ….例︰鑒于社會的實際需要?愈來愈多人對學英語有興趣。

In view of the practical need of society, there are more and more people interested in learning English.III.用于文章結論句 38.如果能實踐這三點?…。

If one can really put the three points into action(practice), … 例︰如果能實踐這三點?…。

If one can really put the three points into action(practice), he will surely be able to live a healthy and happy life.39.做這些簡單之事?我們一定可以…。By doing these simple things, we surely can ….例︰做這些簡單之事?我們一定可以快樂出門平安回家。

By doing these simple things, we surely can go out of the door happily and come back home safe every day.40.如此?我相信…。In this way, I believe(that)子句

例︰如此?我相信大家能夠像我一樣?享受乘坐公車的樂趣。

In this way, I believe that all the people may be able to enjoy the bus ride like me.41.實踐這些?…。

By putting them(the above)into practice, ….例︰實踐這些?在智育方面我一直能不斷進步。

By putting them(the above)into practice, I have been able to make constant progress in intellectual education.42.(A)唯有符合此三項要求?我們才能…。Only by living up to the three requirements, can we ….(B)唯有通力合作?我們才能…。Only with combined efforts, can we ….例︰唯有通力合作?我們才能期望臺灣不久有新的面貌。

Only with combined efforts, can we expect Taiwan to take a new face in due course.43.最后?但并非最不重要?…。Last but no least, ….例︰最后?但并非最不重要?教育上的缺失是助長青少年犯罪的原因。Last but no least, the shortcoming in education is the cause contributing to juvenile delinquency.44.這證據顯示～的重要性在怎么強調都不為過。

This evidence shows that the importance of ～ cannot be overemphasized.例︰這證據顯示交通安全的重要性在怎么強調都不為過。

This evidence shows that the importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized.45.由于這些理由?我…。For these reasons, I ….例︰由于這些理由?我認為在臺灣接受大學教育是明智的。

For these reasons, I think that receiving college education in Taiwan is wise.46.總而言之?…。In conclusion, … = To sum up, …

例︰總而言之?好國民應該遵守交通規則。

In conclusion, a good citizen should abide by traffic regulations.47.因此?我們能下個結論?那就是…。

We can, therefore, come to the conclusion(that)子句 例︰因此?我們能下個結論?那就是世上自由罪珍貴。

We can, therefore, come to the conclusion that nothing is so precious as freedom in the world.48.如果我們能做到如上所述?毫無疑問地?…。

If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt(that)子句 例︰如果我們能做到如上所述?毫無疑問地?我們就能精通英語。

If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt that we can master English 49.因此?這就是…的原因。Thus, this is the reason why ….例︰因此?這就是我重感冒的原因。Thus, this is the reason why I caught a bad cold.50.所以?我們應該了解…。Therefore, we should realize(that)子句

例︰所以?我們應該了解學英文不能沒有字典。

Therefore, we should realize that in learning English we cannot do without a dictionary.51.因此?由上列的討論我們可以明了…。

We, therefore, can make clear from the above discussion(that)子句 例︰因此?由上列的討論我們可以明了毅力可以克服任何困難。

We, therefore, can make clear from the above discussion that perseverance can overcome any difficulty.52.1.從～觀點來看?…。From the ～ point of view, ….2.根據～的看法?…。According to ～ point of view, ….例︰從政治的觀點來看?這是一個很復雜的問題。

From the political point

寫作素材

01 The Language of Music

A painter hangs his or her finished pictures on a wall, and everyone can see it.A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed.Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is utterly dependent on them.A student of music needs as long and as arduous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor.Most training is concerned with technique, for musicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet dancer.Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords would be inadequate without controlled muscular support.String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to and fro with the right arm-two entirely different movements.Singers and instruments have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune.Pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuner's responsibility to tune the instrument for them.But they have their own difficulties;the hammers that hit the string have to be coaxed not to sound like percussion, and each overlapping tone has to sound clear.This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student conductors: they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound, and they have to aim at controlling these sound with fanatical but selfless authority.Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding.Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century.02 Schooling and Education

It is commonly believed in United States that school is where people go to get an education.Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school.The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling.Education knows no bounds.It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or in the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor.It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning.The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist.Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises.A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions.People are engaged in education from infancy on.Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term.It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of one's entire life.Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next.Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on.The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the working of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught.For example, high school students know that there not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with.There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.03 The Definition of ”Price“

Prices determine how resources are to be used.They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers.The price system of the United States is a complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services.The interrelationships of all these prices make up the ”system“ of prices.The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define ”price“, many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words that price is the money values of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction.This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes.For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known.Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors.In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total ”package“ being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.04 Electricity The modern age is an age of electricity.People are so used to electric lights, radio, televisions, and telephones that it is hard to imagine what life would be like without them.When there is a power failure, people grope about in flickering candlelight, cars hesitate in the streets because there are no traffic lights to guide them, and food spoils in silent refrigerators.Yet, people began to understand how electricity works only a little more than two centuries ago.Nature has apparently been experimenting in this field for million of years.Scientists are discovering more and more that the living world may hold many interesting secrets of electricity that could benefit humanity.All living cell send out tiny pulses of electricity.As the heart beats, it sends out pulses of record;they form an electrocardiogram, which a doctor can study to determine how well the heart is working.The brain, too, sends out brain waves of electricity, which can be recorded in an electroencephalogram.The electric currents generated by most living cells are extremely small-often so small that sensitive instruments are needed to record them.But in some animals, certain muscle cells have become so specialized as electrical generators that they do not work as muscle cells at all.When large numbers of these cell are linked together, the effects can be astonishing.The electric eel is an amazing storage battery.It can seed a jolt of as much as eight hundred volts of electricity through the water in which it live.(An electric house current is only one hundred twenty volts.)As many as four-fifths of all the cells in the electric eel's body are specialized for generating electricity, and the strength of the shock it can deliver corresponds roughly to length of its body.05 The Beginning of Drama

There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece.The on most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual.The argument for this view goes as follows.In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world-even the seasonal changes-as unpredictable, and they sought through various means to control these unknown and feared powers.Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals.Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the rites.As time passed some rituals were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama.Those who believe that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained the seed of theater because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used, Furthermore, a suitable site had to be provided for performances and when the entire community did not participate, a clear division was usually made between the ”acting area“ and the ”auditorium.“ In addition, there were performers, and, since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task.Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mimed the desired effect-success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun-as an actor might.Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.Another theory traces the theater's origin from the human interest in storytelling.According to this vies tales(about the hunt, war, or other feats)are gradually elaborated, at first through the use of impersonation, action, and dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person.A closely related theory traces theater to those dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animal movements and sounds.06 Television

Television-----the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth-is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world.It is an electronic revolution of sorts, made possible by the marriage of television and computer technologies.The word ”television“, derived from its Greek(tele: distant)and Latin(visio: sight)roots, can literally be interpreted as sight from a distance.Very simply put, it works in this way: through a sophisticated system of electronics, television provides the capability of converting an image(focused on a special photoconductive plate within a camera)into electronic impulses, which can be sent through a wire or cable.These impulses, when fed into a receiver(television set), can then be electronically reconstituted into that same image.Television is more than just an electronic system, however.It is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.The field of television can be divided into two categories determined by its means of transmission.First, there is broadcast television, which reaches the masses through broad-based airwave transmission of television signals.Second, there is nonbroadcast television, which provides for the needs of individuals or specific interest groups through controlled transmission techniques.Traditionally, television has been a medium of the masses.We are most familiar with broadcast television because it has been with us for about thirty-seven years in a form similar to what exists today.During those years, it has been controlled, for the most part, by the broadcast networks, ABC, NBC, and CBS, who have been the major purveyors of news, information, and entertainment.These giants of broadcasting have actually shaped not only television but our perception of it as well.We have come to look upon the picture tube as a source of entertainment, placing our role in this dynamic medium as the passive viewer.07 Andrew Carnegie

Andrew Carnegie, known as the King of Steel, built the steel industry in the United States, and , in the process, became one of the wealthiest men in America.His success resulted in part from his ability to sell the product and in part from his policy of expanding during periods of economic decline, when most of his competitors were reducing their investments.Carnegie believed that individuals should progress through hard work, but he also felt strongly that the wealthy should use their fortunes for the benefit of society.He opposed charity, preferring instead to provide educational opportunities that would allow others to help themselves.”He who dies rich, dies disgraced,“ he often said.Among his more noteworthy contributions to society are those that bear his name, including the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, which has a library, a museum of fine arts, and a museum of national history.He also founded a school of technology that is now part of Carnegie-Mellon University.Other philanthrophic gifts are the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace to promote understanding between nations, the Carnegie Institute of Washington to fund scientific research, and Carnegie Hall to provide a center for the arts.Few Americans have been left untouched by Andrew Carnegie's generosity.His contributions of more than five million dollars established 2,500 libraries in small communities throughout the country and formed the nucleus of the public library system that we all enjoy today.08 American Revolution

The American Revolution was not a sudden and violent overturning of the political and social framework, such as later occurred in France and Russia, when both were already independent nations.Significant changes were ushered in, but they were not breathtaking.What happened was accelerated evolution rather than outright revolution.During the conflict itself people went on working and praying, marrying and playing.Most of them were not seriously disturbed by the actual fighting, and many of the more isolated communities scarcely knew that a war was on.America's War of Independence heralded the birth of three modern nations.One was Canada, which received its first large influx of English-speaking population from the thousands of loyalists who fled there from the United States.Another was Australia, which became a penal colony now that America was no longer available for prisoners and debtors.The third newcomer-the United States-based itself squarely on republican principles.Yet even the political overturn was not so revolutionary as one might suppose.In some states, notably Connecticut and Rhode Island, the war largely ratified a colonial self-rule already existing.British officials, everywhere ousted, were replaced by a home-grown governing class, which promptly sought a local substitute for king and Parliament.09 Suburbanization If by ”suburb“ is meant an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century.Before that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart.But the early factories built in the 1840's were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment.In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses that abutted the older, main cities.As a defense against this encroachment and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors.In 1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County.Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York.Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders.With the acceleration of industrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stress-conditions that began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed.Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a dispersed metropolis.This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle Class, whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single-family housing tracts.Types of Speech

Standard usage includes those words and expressions understood, used, and accepted by a majority of the speakers of a language in any situation regardless of the level of formality.As such, these words and expressions are well defined and listed in standard dictionaries.Colloquialisms, on the other hand, are familiar words and idioms that are understood by almost all speakers of a language and used in informal speech or writing, but not considered appropriate for more formal situations.Almost all idiomatic expressions are colloquial language.Slang, however, refers to words and expressions understood by a large number of speakers but not accepted as good, formal usage by the majority.Colloquial expressions and even slang may be found in standard dictionaries but will be so identified.Both colloquial usage and slang are more common in speech than in writing.Colloquial speech often passes into standard speech.Some slang also passes into standard speech, but other slang expressions enjoy momentary popularity followed by obscurity.In some cases, the majority never accepts certain slang phrases but nevertheless retains them in their collective memories.Every generation seems to require its own set of words to describe familiar objects and events.It has been pointed out by a number of linguists that three cultural conditions are necessary for the creation of a large body of slang expressions.First, the introduction and acceptance of new objects and situations in the society;second, a diverse population with a large number of subgroups;third, association among the subgroups and the majority population.Finally, it is worth noting that the terms ”standard“ ”colloquial“ and ”slang“ exist only as abstract labels for scholars who study language.Only a tiny number of the speakers of any language will be aware that they are using colloquial or slang expressions.Most speakers of English will, during appropriate situations, select and use all three types of expressions.連接詞匯

1.增補(Addition)

in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what`s more, similarly, next, finally.2.比較(Comparison)

in the same way, likewise, similarly, equally, in comparison, just as 3.對照(Contrast)

whereas, in contrast, on the other hand, instead, however, nevertheless, unlike, even though, on the contrary, while

4.因果(Cause and Effect)

because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result(of), accordingly, hence, so, thus 5.強調(Emphasis)

certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely, most imprtant

6.讓步(Concession)

although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided, while it is true....7.例證(Exemplification)

for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.8.總結(Conclusion)

to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, to put it in a nutshell, in summary

9.推斷(Inference)

therefore, as a result(of), consequently, accordingly, so, otherwise 10.時間和空間(Time and Space)

afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, outside, near, beyound, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of

常用短句

Money is not everything.There's Mastercard and Visa.鈔票不是萬能的，畢竟有時還需要信用卡。

One should love animals.They are so tasty.每個人都應該熱愛動物，因為它們很好吃。

Save water.Shower with your girlfriend.要節約用水，所以盡量和女友一起洗澡。

Love the neighbor.But don't get caught.要用心去愛你的鄰居，不過不要讓她的老公知道。

Behind every successful man, there is a woman.And behind every unsuccessful man, there are two or more.每個成功男人的背后，都有一個女人。每個不成功男人的背后,都有兩個或更多。

Every man should marry.After all, happiness is not the only thing in life.再快樂的單身漢遲早也會結婚，畢竟幸福不是永久的嘛。

The wise never marry.聰明人都是未婚的。

Success is a relative term.It brings so many relatives.成功是一個相關名詞，它會給你帶來很多不相關的親戚。

Never put off the work till tomorrow what you can put off today.不要等明天交不上差再找借口，今天就要找好。

Love is photogenic.It needs darkness to develop.愛情就像照片，需要大量的暗房時間來培養。

Children in backseats cause accidents.Accidents in backseats cause children.后座上的小孩會生出意外，后座上的意外會生出小孩。

”Your future depends on your dreams.“So go to sleep.現在的夢想決定著你的將來，所以，還是再睡一會吧。

There should be a better way to start a day than waking up every morning.應該有更好的方式開始新的一天，而不是千篇一律地在每個上午都醒來。

”Hard work never killed any body."But why take the risk？

努力工作不會導致死亡。但為什么要冒險呢？

第二篇：一1-英語作文賞析

1.How can students of average intellegence be top students without additional work? 中等智力的學生如何才能在不增加學習負擔的情況下成為優等生？

2.Improving your study habits can help you to be a top student without much additional work.改進學習習慣能使你不必增加太多學習負擔而成為優等生。

3.Studying shouldn''t occupy all of your spare time/free time/leisure hours.It is important to set aside time for

relaxation,hobbies and entertainment.學習不應當把業余時間全部占去，還得給休息、業余愛好和娛東活動留出時間，這一點很重要。

4.Making a study plan can make us more aware of how we are going to spend our time.制定學習計劃能使你更有意識地去支配時間。

5.The purpose of skimming is to find out the main idea of the passage.略讀的目的是找出一篇文章的中心思想。

6.Making full of time in class means we can spend less time after class.充分利用上課霎時間意味著課外少花時間。

7.We have to double our efforts if we want to be successful in our studies.如果我們想在學習上取得成功，我們必須加倍努力。

8.Regular review can make our new knowledge permannent.定期復習能幫助鞏固新知識。

9.The teacher is explaining what we were confused about.老師正在講解我們原因混淆不清的問題。

10.The problem remains untouched.這個問題還是無人過問。

11.We should share happiness and sorrow with our friends.我們應當與朋友同甘共苦。

12.Qualified college students should develop morally,intellectually and physically.合格的大學生應當德、智、體全面發展。

13.Reading has added great pleasure to our college life.閱讀增加我們大學生活的樂趣。

14.I tried my best to have finished that assigement ahead of time.我盡力終于提前完成了任務。

15.It is no use worrying excessively about a single failure, we should draw some useful lessons form it.過分地擔心一次考試的失敗是沒有用的，我們應當從中聽取有用的教訓。

16.The purpose of a test is to show both the teachers and students how they are getting along with their work.考試的目的是讓老師和學生了解他們教與學的情況。

17.I am very sorry that I don’t have adequate time for both work and studies.我非常遺憾沒有充分的時間學習與工作。

18.The teacher wrote what she had said on the blackboard so that he could make their students more clearly understood.為了使學能聽得更加明白，老師把它所講的寫在板上。

19.We should make good use of our time in class and concentrate on what the teacher says.我們應該充分利用上課時間，集中精力聽課。

20.Be sure to set aside at least an hour a day for sports。It will make you healthy and energetic.務必每天至少留出一個小時參加體育活動，這會使你身體健康，精力充沛。

21.It has taken me three hours to finish writing the 2500-word composition.我花了三個小時寫好一篇2500字的作文。

22.Children should not depend on their parents too much.They ought todo what they can do by themselves/on their owm.。

孩子們不應該過多依靠父母，他們要自己努力做力所能及的事。

23.I could not understand a single sentence without an English dictionary.我那時離開字典就看不懂一個英文句子。

24.I couldn''t help thinking of his parents at the sight of the orphan.一看到那個孤兒，我就情不自禁地想起了他的父母。

25.With days passing by, I get to know the importance of taking notes.隨著時光的流逝，我逐漸認識到記筆記的重要性。

26.That is the rate at which the population in Asia has raised in recent years.這就是最近幾年亞洲人口的增長率。

27.We will accomplish nothing all our life unless we work hard enough.我們如果不足夠努力，必將終生一事無成。

28.People complain that there is too much violence and sex on TV screens.人們抱怨電視屏幕上暴力和色情太多。

29.In the modern age when human beings depend so much on machines , the disabled have given us new pride.在人類如此依賴機器的時代，殘疾人給我們帶來了新的自豪。

30.We are to study in this university for four years, during which we shall prepare ourselves well for the society.我們將在大學學習四年，在此期間，我們要為進入社會做好準備。

31.Francis Chichester said that it was always satisfying to do sth that no one else had done.Francis Chichester說，做前人從未做過的事總是會令人滿足的。

32.What they had seen and heard in China made deep impression on them.在中國的所見所聞給他們留下了深刻的印象。

33.The whole voyage from England and back was more than twice the distance anyone had previously sailed alone.從英國出發，又返回到英國，整個航程比以往單人駕舟航海的最遠航程還遠一倍多。

34.In the modern age, people depend more and more on computers to solve problems of various kinds.當代人越來越依靠計算機解決各種問題了。

35.Chichester’s voyage began because he was terrified of Cape Horn.Chichester正是因為對合恩角的恐懼才開始他的那次航行的。

36.He set off once more in spite of his friends'' attempts to dissuade him.盡管他的朋友盡力勸阻，他還是再度起航了。

37.He isn''t a very good basketball player in spite of his height.盡管他很高但他不是位很好的籃球運動員。

38.The old man looks both ways before crossing the street.老人左右看了看才橫過街道。

39.One meaning of punctuality is that we must not put off what we can do today till tomorrow.守時性的意思是：今日事，今日畢。

40.Jack was late for the meeting.Moreover，he didn''t even apologize or give any explanation.杰克開會遲到了，而且，他既不道歉也不解釋。

41.Enid made every effort to make her mother happy.伊妮德盡力讓她母親高興。

42.The old lady seemed content to look after the children for her neighbors.老太太似乎很樂意為鄰居照看小孩。

43.A contented person is happy with what he has.知足常樂.44.The monitor has arranged for over ten students to clean the conference hall for the English speech contest.班長安排了十多個同學去打掃會議廳，為英語演講比賽做準備。

45.Dick was sent to the hospital because of a minor injury in the traffic accident.迪克在那場交通事故中受了點輕傷，被送進了醫院。

46.If help did not come then,the soldiers must endure to the end.那時如果無人求援，士兵必須忍耐到底。

47.A feather falls slower than a stone only because the air holds the feather back more than it does the stone.羽毛比石頭落得快，只是因為空氣對羽毛的阻力要比對石頭的大。

48.Is there anything interesting in today''s newspaper?

今天的報紙有什么趣聞嗎？

49.The boy tore a page from the calendar and drew a bunch of grapes on it.那男孩撕下一頁日歷，在上面畫了一串葡萄。

50.If you work hard at other times you won''t have to sit up all night before the exam.你要是平時努力學習，考前就不用整晚開夜車了。

第三篇：作文賞析一

緩緩品生活

狄更斯在《雙城記》中寫道：“這是最好的時代。這是最壞的時代?！边@句話同樣適用于現在，并且我認為還可再添上一句話：“這是需要慢一點的時候。”因為許多人都在奔忙，為名為利為富貴??

我曾經看到過一篇文章，說香港少有咖啡館，多是油膩膩、甜滋滋的餐廳。為了維持在某地區排行榜上的前列，香港全民都在奮斗，根本無暇在咖啡館中與朋友聊天、消磨時光。香港是很富裕，可是香港人整天皆在為名利奔忙，難道不覺乏味疲累？難道不覺被工作填滿的生活枯燥無味？臺灣作家龍應臺說過：“奔忙，使思想家變成名嘴，使名嘴變成娛樂家，使娛樂家變成聒噪的小丑。”一味奔忙的人生看似充實，實則是個悲劇。

相比之下，臺灣人則智慧得多，在臺灣，轉角即是咖啡館，臺灣的咖啡文化不需刻意即已形成，這也就不難解釋為什么香港多富豪而臺灣多啟人心智的作家了。

在內地，在我們中國的大陸上，生活正在往香港模式前進，這一點，從“國考”的激烈程度中可窺一斑。做公務員，既有好聽的名聲又可獲得鐵飯碗，實在是當今中國社會上大多數人夢寐以求的事。可是，正如周國平先生所說，那些在名利場上折騰的人，他們既然聽不見自己的聲音，就更聽不見靈魂的聲音了。川端康成便是一個不幸的例子。川端康成獲得諾貝爾文學獎后，采訪者和慕名而來者絡繹不絕，他既獲得了名，也獲得了利。卻失去了更為珍貴的“靜”，因此晚年幾乎無所成就，只能在慨嘆“太擁塞了”后無奈地結束自己的生命。

為名利奔忙。為名利所擾會使我們失去自己的本心，失去生命本應有悠閑的歡樂。而當我們慢一點，甚至停下來小憩一會，我們便會驚覺。原來生命如此豐富多彩。

遠離名利場，才有了陶淵明“采菊東籬下”的悠然，才有了王維“空山新雨后”的寂靜，才有了梭羅瓦爾登湖畔詩意的棲居，才有了錢鐘書這樣的大家?，F在的中國，真真需要慢一慢，享受片刻悠閑的生活。

古人說“陌上花開，可緩緩歸也?！蔽蚁胝f，生活如此美好，可緩緩行也。遠離名利場，真正地感受生活的美好吧！

[簡評]

本文能扣住材料內涵行文立意——“遠離名利，感受生活的美好和悠閑”。舉例信手拈來、恰當自然，論證充分。更難能可貴的是，作為一篇議論文，語言絕無刻意為之的生硬，自然流暢，顯示出很強的寫作功底。不足之處是，文題“緩緩品生活”，其“緩緩”二字突顯的是生活節奏的問題，不切合材料。綜合考慮，本文評為一類中64分。

絕望之處孕育的新生

高檔的裙子被一個小小的煙頭燒出了一個窟窿，看著完美作品轉眼成空的你如何是好呢？或許你會咒罵那承擔了千古罪名的煙頭毀了你藝術的高峰，或許你會終日想著如何把它復原到起初無瑕的完美而再無新作誕生??可是他卻不一樣，誰說這窟窿不是上帝仁慈的扶持？復制幾個，飾以金邊，一條“金邊鳳尾裙”把這裁縫推上了更高的云端。世界上很多時候就是這樣，正如《無望井》一書里讓我感觸最深的一句話：“在最深的絕望中，你會看到最美麗的希望的星空?！苯^望與希望本來就只差一線，以勇氣掙開絕望的束縛，用心去拓展希望的疆域，一個人總能創造出意料之外也是情理之中的奇跡。

敵軍的第五次圍剿終于沖破了我軍戰士們死守的防線，人民的軍隊陷入了最大的危機中，這是令人絕望的黑暗?？墒巧钪獨v史發展的我們都清楚，正是這次危機促成紅軍壯烈的二萬五千里長征。在毛主席的領導下，人民軍隊在陜甘寧地區憑著地形的優勢從此站穩了腳跟。更不用說，后來還在那里團結了西北人民強大的力量，成立了敵后根據地，給予了日本侵略者最沉重的打擊。如此看來，這一危機不也是讓黨的軍隊真正扎根于廣大農民群眾的轉機嗎？

絕望的危機總能激發人最深最尖銳的智慧，而往往正是

逼近中、壓力下迸發出的思考反而照亮了漆黑一片的夜空。我很佩服中國人民“置諸死地而后生”的見識與睿智，正如小說中虛竹的那一步棋，失了一大片疆土的同時卻換得柳暗花明的新局面。人是應該有點放手的胸襟，為什么非要保住大手大腳的占地呢？為什么非要死守原來的絕妙呢？死守的結果可能是連原有的高度也不能保證，但敢于嘗試新的路向卻可能給予你更意想不到的“洞天之所”！又想起那孔明聞名于世的“空城計”，原有的勢單力薄是絕望，但這位智者并沒有因此放棄，帶著對司馬懿的了解與放手一搏的信心，他大開城門，焚香彈琴，以出人意料的計謀贏得了漂亮的勝利。

掙開絕望吧，你就能看到希望的新光！

評語：本文以“絕望之處孕育的新生”為題，把握住裁縫在壞事出現后擺脫不利的局面，變廢為寶這一材料重點，審題準確。文中組織多個材料，均扣住人們在絕望處如何通過主觀努力，巧妙地化腐朽為神奇這一題意，論述語言自然流暢，語句使用準確到位，思路清晰，內容環環相扣。美中不足的是文章后半部分由于時間掌握不好，顯得較倉促。

【樣文二】

柳暗花明又一村

生命是一條沒有回程的單行線。隨著時間齒輪地滾動向前，有時我們會滾進“山重水復疑無路”的窘境，但我們沒有退路，無法回到從前。因此，只有用智慧，用努力，用永

不言棄，才能“柳暗花明又一村”。

我們要用智慧去面對殘局困境。有一位粗心的裁縫在裁制高檔裙子時不小心在上面燒了個窟窿，眼看就要損失慘重，他靈機一動，憑著他的智慧和高超手藝使裙子別具特色，備受追捧，生意自然也就十分紅火。從這個故事里我們可以得到啟發，假如在殘局困難面前，不發揮智慧，那么就不是“山重水復疑無路”，而是“山重水復必無路”了。我們要用努力去扭轉殘局，克服困難。不通過努力，再多的智慧也只能付諸東流，再多的智慧也無法扭轉殘局，走出困境。我們說霍金是一個有智慧的人，但與其說他有智慧，不如說他努力。他很小的時候已經殘疾，下半身動彈不了，即便是一個很有智慧的人面對這樣的困境，拋棄努力又如何成功呢？因此，我們說努力是扭轉殘局，克服困難的重要因

素。

我們更要用永不言棄態度去改變殘局困境。試想一個人在山重水復疑無路時，高舉雙手向命運投降，這無異于等死！貝多芬作為一名音樂家，失聰對他來說無異于把他逼進“無路”之境，是什么令他堅持下來了？是什么讓他憑著手感“摸”出音樂來？是什么令他在失聰以后還能創作出家喻戶曉、廣為流傳的不朽作品？我想，正是他那永不言棄的積極態度幫他改變了殘局，克服了困難，終于換來“柳暗花明又一村”。著名的殘疾作家張海迪也是憑著她那在困難面前不低頭，殘局面前不氣餒的積極態度，改變了一個又一個殘局，克服了一個又一個困難，從而向世人訴說了身殘志堅的勵志道理。經歷風雨，又見彩虹。

生命繼續進行著，時間的齒輪繼續滾動著，當我們陷入“疑無路”之困境，不要只會后悔，不要只會氣餒，用智慧，用努力，用永不言棄的態度，定能“柳暗花明又一村”！評語：這篇文章立意準確，結構層次清晰。題目引用詩句，切合材料，并且在文章中多次扣題，靈活的運用表現了作者對材料理解得非常到位。論述過程中對三個分論點的論證有理有據，條理清晰。但美中不足的是文章語言表達還顯平淡，文采不足。

【樣文三】

意外與困難的門扉之后

當你不小心走上了計劃外的道路，請相信“條條大路通

羅馬”的古語，滿懷信心地往前走吧。

當被意外的風吹離了計劃的航線，請看到陌生卻又光亮的燈塔，清醒勇敢地掌好舵吧。

當被錯誤的地圖帶進了死胡同，請思考忽略的可能性吧，冷靜、沉著地越過阻礙。

因為，意外并不可怕，可怕的是向意外與困境投降。一位裁縫將高檔裙子上燒出來的窟窿裝飾一番，成為時髦的“金邊鳳尾裙”。你看，像這樣的事情時有存在。因此，我們不必向意外與困難投降，只要我們愿意挑戰。以一顆信心，迎著未知的意外與困難前進。麥哲倫完成環球航行，當中的驚險可想而知，然而在遇到困難及海上疾病時，他并沒有放棄，甚至當機立斷地改航道，意外地發現許多海峽海島。畫錯的細節往往讓畫家們無所適從，然而妙手一揮，也可促成點睛之筆。關鍵是信心，信自己，也信生

活，信這個機遇遍布的世界。

以一雙亮眼，察覺意外與困難中潛藏的奇跡。煉丹師們造成的爆炸本是意外本是失敗，卻有人從中看到了可能，進而發明了火藥。商機也是這樣，善于觀察，善于了解細節的眼盯上的，像剛開始不被看好的高科技產業、電腦市場，卻能被有識之士看上。關鍵是敏銳的眼光，看細節，看世界，看這個廣闊的未來。

以一身智慧，思索意外中埋藏著的道理與意義。盡管靈感是促成意外向成功轉化的主要因素，但更多時候，靈機一觸不及深思熟慮可靠。從“推”與“敲”的思考中，我們了解到意外而來的難題，就像詩歌中的煉字，需要去想而不是橫沖直撞。百事可樂公司總裁也曾陷入要將公司賣給可口可樂集團的困境，然而苦心經營幾載，終于還是用思想、用智慧壘起了公司的基業。關鍵是智慧的頭腦，想問題，想方法，想這個世界的法則。

生活本身就是意外。有人去算了一個人誕生于世的幾率，分母可以用無限大去形容。生活不可能擺脫意外。既然我們意外降生，從而活了下來，困境與意外，又有什么可怕的呢？走吧。當生活向你開了一扇意外的、甚至是不好的門，面對艱難的前路，走下去，也總是有未來的。

門扉之后，將是一個新世界。

評語：本文在立意上屬于切合題意，三個分論點能做到切合材料，其中所使用的事實論據能夠支撐論點，但第二個分論點的論述稍有偏差。在表述上明顯感受到該生在平時語言表達時能力不錯，如文章的題目、開頭前三段和結尾都相當有

文學味道，但有些繁復晦澀，造成表意不夠流暢，不夠明確。

第四篇：英語詩詞賞析(一)經典勵志詩

Unit 2 Poems

英語詩詞賞析

（一）經典勵志詩

Learning aims:

1．To learn about some simple forms of English poems.3．To develop the reading ability by skimming and scanning the passage.4．To deepen students’ literature quality.Step 1 Enjoy a famous English poem.The Road Not Taken

---by Robert Frost

Two roads diverged in a yellow wood黃色的樹林里分出兩條路And sorry I could not travel both可惜我不能同時去涉足And be one traveler, long I stood我在那路口久久佇立And looked down one as far as I could我向著一條路極目望去To where it bent in the undergrowth直到它消失在叢林深處Then took the other, as just as fair但我卻選了另外一條路And having perhaps the better claim它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂Because it was grassy and wanted wear;顯得更誘人、更美麗Though as for that the passing there雖然在這兩條小路上Had worn them really about the same都很少留下旅人的足跡And both that morning equally lay雖然那天清晨落葉滿地In leaves no step had trodden black兩條路都未經腳印污染

Oh, I kept the first for another day!呵，留下一條路等改日再見！Yet knowing how way leads on to way, 但我知道路徑延綿無盡頭I doubted if I should even come back.恐怕我難以再回返

I shall be telling this with a sigh也許多少年后在某個地方Somewhere ages and ages hence:我將輕聲嘆息把往事回顧Two roads diverged in a wood, and I---一片樹林里分出兩條路I took the one less traveled by,而我選了人跡更少的一條And that has made all the difference從此決定了我一生的道路

Step 2 Read the comments of this poem 評論1

Everyone is a traveler, choosing the roads to follow on the map of their continuous journey life.There is never a straight path that leaves one with but a sole direction in which to head.Regardless of the original message that Robert Frost had intended to convey, his poem, “The Road Not Taken”, has left its readers with many different interpretations.It is one's past, present and the attitude with which he looks upon his future that determines the shade of the light that he will see the poem in.In any case however, this poem clearly demonstrates Frost's belief that it is the road that one chooses that makes him the man who he is.“And sorry I could not travel both...” It is always difficult to make a decision because it is impossible not to wonder about the opportunity cost, what will be missed out on.There is a strong sense of regret before the choice is even made and it lies in the knowledge that in one lifetime, it is impossible to travel down every path.In an attempt to make a decision, the traveler “looks down one as far as I could”.評論2

The Road Not Taken tells about life choice.Man’s life is related to a journey filled with twists and turns.One has to consider a lot before making a wise choice.Though the diverged roads seem identical, they actually lead to different directions, which symbolize different fates.2.1 See over one road

In part one, the speaker faced with two roads in the autumnal wood and feel puzzled over which one to choose.“Two roads diverged in a yellow wood”, He stood there for a long time and mused on one of them, which was taken by many people.Unfortunately, he was unable to find out which place the，road would take him to, for it is far beyond his ability to know where the road would lead.However, he must choose to take.2.2.The other one

In part two, he stepped on the other road, “Then took the other, as just as fair”, It was grassy and not taken.His choice would affect every other subsequent choice, and there was no turning back.From his choice for the less trodden road, it could be concluded that he did not like to follow the steps of other people, he wanted his own life choired by himself.2.3 Helpless

In part three, he decided to choose the less traveled one, but he was aware that he could never have a chance to return to the first road.“I doubted if I should never come back” showed he is helpless.2.4 Chose the less traveled road

In part four, “I shall be telling this with a sign”, he articulated why he chose the less traveled road, for he expected his life to be unusual and different.But there was no way to foretell the consequences of his choice.All in all, for the speaker, the road of life was accident and mystical, and his very choice was crucial in determining the consequences of his life.The ordinary people follow other’s choice, while the exceptional ones choose their unique roads of life.3.Conclusion3.1 Everyone is a traveler

Everyone is a traveler, choosing the roads to follow on the map of their continuous journey.There is never a straight path but a sole direction in which to head.It is one's past, present and the attitude with which he looks upon his future that determines the shade of the light.In any case however, this poem clearly explained Frost's belief that it is the road that one chooses that makes him the man who he is.It is always difficult to make a decision because it is impossible not to wonder about the opportunity cost, what will be missed out on.It is impossible to travel down every path.The road that will be chosen leads to the unknown, as does any choice in life.As much he may strain his eyes to see as far the road stretches, eventually it surpasses his vision and he can never see where it is going to lead.It is the way that he chooses here that sets him off on his journey and decides where he is going.It was something that was obviously not for everyone because it seemed that the majority of people took the other path.There is simply a narrator who makes a decision in his life that had changed the direction of his life from what it may have otherwise been.It allows all readers from all different experiences to relate to the poem.3.2 Human beings are so weak

In a word, the poem The Road Not Taken is a very beautiful and excellent poem.It is set in a rural natural environment where always inspire the speaker to think of life.It is based on a metaphor in which the journey through life is compared to a journey on a road.And the speaker of the poem has to choose one path instead of another.Even though the two paths look equally attractive, the speaker knows that his choice at this moment may have a significant influence on his future.He does make a decision, hoping that he may be able to visit this place again, yet realizing that such an opportunity is impossible.He imagines himself in the future telling the story of his life, and claiming that his decision to take the road less traveled by, the road few other people have taken, has made all the difference.This thesis intends to explore Frost’s own view of life.He told us that human beings are so weak when compared with nature and the destiny.Though human beings have made great progress in the past several centuries, there will forever exist something that is far beyond their control.For human, it is unable to do anything useful when he is in conflict with the impersonal force.And it’s also unable to control his own

destiny;on the contrary, his fate and destiny are in the charge of something mysterious beyond him.In this sense, life is a tragedy to human.So it could be said that Frost conveyed his sense of tragedy common to human through this simple but beautiful poem.It is simple in form but profound in meaning.Step 3 learn how to write a summary of a poem

Summary The speaker stands in the woods, considering a fork in the road.Both ways are equally worn and equally overlaid with un-trodden leaves.The speaker chooses one, telling himself that he will take the other another day.Yet he knows it is unlikely that he will have the opportunity to do so.And he admits that someday in the future he will recreate the scene with a slight twist: He will claim that he took the less-traveled road.

第五篇：英語賞析

***

01 Life is a chess-board

The chess-board is the world:the pieces are the phenomena of the universe;the rules of the game are what we call the laws of nature.The player on the other side is hidden from us.We know that his play is always fair, just and patient.But also we know, to our cost, that he never overlooks a mistake, or makes the smallest allowance for ignorance.By Thomas Henry Huxley

參考譯文

棋盤宛如世界：一個個棋子仿佛世間的種種現象：游戲規則就是我們所稱的自然法則。競爭對手藏于暗處，不為我們所見。我們知曉，這位對手向來處事公平，正義凜然，極富耐心。然而，我們也明白，這位對手從不忽視任何錯誤，或者因為我們的無知而做出一絲讓步，所以我們也必須為此付出代價。

02 Best of times

It was the best of times, it was the worst of times;it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness;it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity;it was the season of light, it was the season of darkness;it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair;we had everything before us, we had nothing before us;we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way.Excerpt from A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens

參考譯文

這是一個最好的時代，也是一個最壞的時代；這是明智的年代，這是愚昧的年代；這是信任的紀元，這是懷疑的紀元；這是光明的季節，這是黑暗的季節；這是希望的春日，這是失望的冬日；我們面前應有盡有，我們面前一無所有；我們都將直下地獄……