第一篇：專業英語要點總結

1.Writing requirements for title2.3.The function of affiliation are : 4.5.The general requirements of keywords :

6.Common problems in abstract writing are Mixed writing style, 7.General writing requirements of introduction: 8.General functions of reference are 9.10.General functions of footnotes are 11.Tenses in papers are :12.Sentence Structure of Scientific English:

Professional authors prefer to use indicative sentences to describe experiments or investigations conducted, state the quality or property of the matter used, confirm laws or principles worked out.Various complex sentences are often used to reflect the logical analyses and the complicated interrelations in the scientific research accurately.13., 14.Process undertaken in the experiment includes 15.Introduce to the equipments used in the experiment: 16.17.General requirement for research description are:

18.Types of logical development: Developing byDeveloping the ResearchDeveloping the Research 19.Classification of professional papers: 20.The general function of a title in a professional paper a professional paper are 21.The general requirements for the authors and affiliation in a professional paper are:22.General requirements of abstract are: Miniaturizing the Text, 23.24.Writing requirements of abstract are: 25.26.27.Main elements of discussion are analyzing data, pointing our doubts, expounding viewpoint, stating the significance, arriving at a conclusion.28.Avoidance of writing aconclusion should be :Avoid drawing conclusions from data involving 29.5S Strategy for Abstract Writing:

30.5A Strategy

Five questions to answer in the abstract:

Q1: What is the general knowledge of your topic in the academic field?

Q2: What research topic is the paper to focus on?

Q3: What method or material do you use to support your main point of view? Q4: What conclusion will you draw?

Q5: What is the main contribution of the paper?

第二篇：電子信息專業英語要點總結

重點詞匯

1.TDM——Time Division Multiplexing 時分復用

FDM CDM 2.PCM——Pulse Code Modulation 脈沖編碼調制

3.PCI——Peripheral Component Interconnect 周邊元件連接口 4.IDE——Integrated Drive Electronics 集成驅動器電路 5.AGP——Accelerated Graphic Port 加速圖形接口 6.USB——Universal Serial Bus通用串行接口

7.HDL——Hardware Description Language 硬件描述語言 8.PLD——Programmable Logic Device 可編程邏輯器件 9.FPGA——Field Programmable Gate Array 現場可編程門陣列 10.ASIC——Application—Specific Integrated Circuit專用集成電路 11.DSP——Digital Signal Processor 數字信號處理器 12.SoC——System-on-Chip 片上系統 13.Learnning curve 學習曲線

14.IEEE——Institute of Electrical and Electrics Engineers 電氣與電子工程師學會

15.sample and hold circuit 采樣與保持電路 16.price/performance ratio 性能價格比 17.harvard architecture 哈佛結構 18.looping scheme 循環機制

19.FFT——Fast Fourier transform 快速傅里葉變換 20.PCB——Printed Circuit Board 印刷電路板 21.SPS——Sample Per Second 每秒樣本數 22.block diagram 方框圖 23.Dolby Stereo 杜比立體聲 24.transmission bandwidth 傳輸帶寬 25.signal-to-noise ratio 信噪比 漢譯英句子

1.“信道”這個術語通常是指頻分多址系統中的一個頻率，時分多址系統中的一個時隙，碼分多址系統中的一個代碼或混合系統中的頻率，時隙，代碼中的某中組合。

The generic term channel is normally used to denote a frequency in FDMA system,a time slot in TDMA system,and a code in CDMA system or a combination of these in a mixed system.2.第三代系統的目的在于為用戶提供一個支持語音，數據，多媒體和視頻服務的無隙網絡，而不論用戶在網絡中的什么位置。

The third-generation systems aim to provide a seamless network that can provide users voice,data，multimedia,and video services regardless of their location on the network.3.邏輯綜合是將電子線路的高級描述轉換為一張邏輯門極其互連列表(即“網表”)的過程。邏輯綜合程序都能理解Verilog和VHDL的某個子集。

Logic synthesis is the conversion of a high-level electronic circuit description into a list of logic gates and their interconnections,called the “netlis”.Every logic synthesis program understands some subset of Verilog and VHDL.4.“復雜可編程邏輯器件”是一種在邏輯模塊之間具有可編程互連的可編程邏輯器件。多數復雜可編程邏輯器件是基于電可擦寫可編程只讀存儲器和閃存的。

CPLD(Complex PLD)is a programmable logic device that includes a reprogrammable interconnect between the logic blocks.CPLDs are mostly EEPROM and flash based.1

5.數字信號處理器(DSP)是無數家用和商用系統的關鍵部分，其應用領域與日俱增。因此，DSP正在成為技術專家和工程師專業知識的重要組成部分之一。

Digital signal processing is an essential element of countless home and business systems.Its domain can only increase as time proceeds.Thus, DSP is becoming an essential area of expertise for technologists and engineers.6.信號(如聲音，光和電壓)是攜帶信息的變化。模擬信號是現實世界中的信號。模擬信號在每個時間點上都有定義，其幅度的取值是無限的。

Signals ,like sound,light,or voltage,are information-bearing variations.Analog signals are real-world signals.They are defined at every point in time and may take an infinite number of possible amplitudes.英譯漢句子

1.Using better compression algorithms, it is possible to get the speech down to 4kbps , in which case six users can be stuffed into a frame, as illustrated in Figure 11.(b).From the operator's perspective , being able to squeeze three to six times as many D-AMPS user is a huge win and explains much of the popularity of PCS.如果使用更好的壓縮算法，還可以把語音數據率降至4kbps；這樣的話，一幀就可以容納6位用戶了。在運營商看來，“3—6位D—AMPS用戶只需占用相當于1位AMPS用戶所需的帶寬”是巨大的成功，而且在很大程度上解釋了“個人通信業務”（PCS,Personal Communication Service）普及的原因。

2.CDMA is completely different from AMPS ,D-AMPS, and GSM.Instead of dividing the allowed frequency range into a few hundred narrow channels, CDMA allows each station to transmit over the entire frequency spectrum all the time.Multiple simultaneous transmissions are separated using coding theory.CDMA also relaxes the assumption that colliding frames are totally garbled.Instead , it assumes that multiple signals add linearly.CDMA和AMPS、D—AMPS及GSM完全不同。CDMA沒有將可用頻帶分割為幾百個窄帶信道，而是允許信號在整個頻譜范圍內傳送。利用編碼原理，CDMA可以將多個同時傳送的信號分離開來。在CDMA中，“相遇數據幀會造成數據混淆”的想法不存在了——CDMA認為多路信號之間是線性相加的。3.Motherboard-This is the main circuit board that all of the other internal components connect to.The CPU and memory are usually on the motherboard.Other systems may be found directly on the motherboard or connected to it through a secondary connection.For example , a sound card can be built into the motherboard or connected through PCI.主板：所有其他內部組件都和主板連接。通常，CPU和內部都位于主板上。其他組件可能直接位于主板上，也可能通過某種方式連接到主板上。例如，聲卡可以置于主板上，也可以通過PCI總線連接到主板上。

4.In practical terms , this means that one or two layers of metal interconnect must be designed.Since an integrated circuit requires seven or more processing stages , all the processing steps other than the final metalization can be completed in advance.Because the uncommitted gate arrays can be produced in volume ,the cost of each device is relatively small.從實現角度看，就是要設計一層或兩層的金屬互連線。集成電路的制造流程分為七個步驟（或更多），除去最后一步“金屬化”(metallization)之外，其他步驟都可以提前完成。由于門陣列可以大量生產，所以單個器件成本就比較低。

5.Physical layer communications : FPGAs have long used to implement the glue logic that interfaces between physical layer communication chips and high-level networking protocol layers.The fact that today's high-end FPGAs can contain multiple high-speed transceivers means that communications and networking functions can be consolidated into a single device.物理層通信：長久以來，FPGA用于實現通信芯片和高級網絡協議之間的“膠連”邏輯。實際上，今 2

天的高端FPGA可以容納多個高速無線收發器——即可將通信和網絡功能固化于單個器件中。

6.One of the most important applications of VHDL is to capture the performance specification for a circuit , in the form of what is commonly referred to as a test bench.Test benches are VHDL descriptions of circuit stimuli and corresponding expected outputs that verify the behavior of a circuit over time.Test benches should be an integral part of any VHDL project and should be created in tandem with other descriptions of the circuit.VHDL最重要的應用之一是以所謂“測試平臺”（test bench）的形式記錄電路的性能指標。“測試平臺”是驗證電路時域行為的激勵源及相應期望輸出的VHDL描述。在VHDL工程項目中，“測試平臺”是必不可少的，應該和其他電路描述一同創建。

7.A digital signal is a numerical representation of the analog signal.It may be easier and cost effective to process these signals in the digital world.In the real world ,we can convert these signals into digital signals through the analog-to-digital converter ,process the signals,and if needed ,bring the signals back out to the analog world through the digital-to-analog converter.數字信號是模擬信號的數值表示。在數字世界里，對這些信號進行處理可能會更容易、成本更低。在現實世界中我們可以通過“模數轉換”將信號轉換為數字信號，然后對信號進行處理；如果需要的話，用“數模轉換器”將信號轉換回到模擬世界中去。

8.Keep in mind that the distinction between DSPs and other microprocessors is not always a clear line.For instance ,look at how Intel describes the MMX technology addition to its Pentium processor : “Intel engineers have added 57 powerful new instructions specifically designed to manipulate and process video，audio and graphical data efficiently.These instructions are oriented to the highly parallel , repetitive sequences often found in multimedia operations.”

別忘了:DSPs和其他微處理器的界限并不是很清晰。例如，讓我們看一看inte是如何描述其奔騰處理器新增的MMX技術的：“為了高效操作和處理視頻、音頻和圖形數據，intel工程師新增了57條功能強大的指令。這些指令面向的是多媒體操作中經常出現的、高度并行和重復的程序。”

9.In practical application , these are certainly many other factors to consider when evaluating analog versus digital filters ,or analog versus digital signal processing in general.Most modern signal processing systems use a combination of analog and digital techniques in order to accomplish the desired function and take advantage of the best of both the analog and the digital world.在實際應用中，在評價模擬濾波器和數字濾波器（或模擬信號處理和數字信號處理）的時候，坑定還要考慮許多其他因素。為了實現期望的功能和充分利用兩種技術各自的優勢，多數現代信號處理系統都采用了模擬技術和數字技術相結合的方式。

10.Audiophiles demand the utmost sound quality , and all that factors are treated as secondary.If you had to describe the mindest in the world , it would be : overkill.Rather than just matching the abilities of the human ear ,these systems are designed to exceed the limits of hearing.It's the only way to be sure that the reproduced music is pristine.Digital audio was brought to the world by the compact laser disc, or CD.This was a revolution in music;the sound quality of the CD system far exceeds older systems, such as records and tapes

高保真音響愛好者對聲音質量的要求極高，所有其他因素都被視為次要的。假如要用一個詞來描述這種心理活動的話，那就是“過分”。高保真音響系統不是設計得剛好滿足人類的聽覺需求，而是超越了人類的聽覺極限，這是唯一能夠確保再現音樂無任何失真的辦法。CD帶給世人數字音頻的享受。這是音樂領域里的巨大變化，CD系統的音質遠遠超過了傳統的唱片磁帶。

11.Then the sample are processed in groups of 1152(about 26 msec worth).Each group is first passed through 32 digital filters to get 32 frequency bands.At the same time the input is fed into a psychoacoustic model in order to determine the masked frequencies.Next each of the 32 frequency bands is further transformed to provide a finer spectral resolution.在這之后，樣本以1152(約26ms)為一組進行處理。每組樣本首先通過32個數字濾波器，從而得到32 3

個頻帶。同時，輸入信號進入心理聲學模型以決定被屏蔽的頻率。下一步，32頻帶中的每個頻帶中的每個頻率進一步變換得到更好的頻譜分辨率。

第三篇：石油工程專業英語要點

第一章 石油鉆井工程英語基礎

第1節

石油鉆井工程基礎詞匯

1.鉆探，鉆井：drill————拓展記憶 鉆井：drilling 定向斜井directional drilling 欠平衡鉆井under-balance 海上鉆井off-shore 陸地鉆井on-land drilling 鉆頭：drill bit 刮刀鉆頭：drag bit 牙輪鉆頭rock bit 金剛石鉆頭diamond bit 噴射鉆頭jet bit 鉆鋌drill collar 衣領collar 鉆桿：drill pipe 鉆井隊drilling crew 鉆機 drill rig 鉆井泥漿drilling mud 鉆井液 drilling fluid

2.油，石油：oil————拓展記憶

原有 crude oil 石油 petroleum 中國石油 Petro-China 采油 oil production 采油設備 oil production equipment 采油平臺 oil production platform 油泵 oil pump 3.地質：geology————拓展記憶 地質專業人員 geologist 物理 physics

地球物理勘探 geo-physical probe，geo-physical exploration 測井 logging 測井作業 logging operations 測井記錄 logging record 4.油井：well————拓展記憶

井眼 hole 油井 oil well 試井，油井測試 well test 井下 down-hole 井下作業 down-hole operation

第2節 石油鉆井方法基礎詞匯

原油 crude oil 天然氣 natural gas 煤層氣 coal-bed gas 一體化設計 integral design 鉆井 drilling 鉆井原理 the principles of drilling 頓鉆鉆井 percussion drilling，cable-tool drilling 旋轉鉆井 rotary drilling 液體沖擊 fluid percussion 大位移 big deviation 側鉆井 sidetracking drilling technology lateraldrilling 水平井 horizontal well 探井 wildcat，wildcat drilling 深井 deep well 淺井 shallow well 老井 maturing well 欠平衡鉆井 under-balanced drilling 叢式鉆井 cluster drilling technology 煤層氣井 coal-bed gas well 生產井 production wells 報廢井 abandon wells 停產井 non-production wells 繞障井、三維井 three-dimensional wells

常溫井 normal temperature well 注采井 injection and production well 稠油井 heavy oil well 熱洗井 hot washing pipe 井況 well condition

石油鉆井技術基礎詞匯

技術規范，技術指標，技術性能：specification 拉伸 tension 拉伸強度 tension strength 應力 stress 壓力 pressure 應力點 stress point 壓力等級 pressure grade 壓力降 pressure drop 壓力梯度 pressure gradient 回壓 back pressure 大氣壓 atmosphere 壓差 differential pressure 靜液柱壓力 static fluid column pressure 特征 characteristic，feature 定性討論 qualitative argiment 定量使用quantitative use 液體 liquid 固體 solid 氣體 gas，air 正的positive 負的 negative

虛線 dashed line，broken line 實線 full line 遞減率 decline rate 正比于 be proportional to 水平的 horizontal 垂直的vertical 油層靜壓 the formation static pressure

石油鉆井參數基礎詞匯

負荷 load 扭矩 torque 扭轉 twist 摩擦 friction 鉆壓 WOB, weight on bit,weight, drilling weight 鉆速 rate of penetration, drilling rate, the rate of drilling, average ROP 鉆井周期 drilling period 鉆速 rotary speed 地層壓力預測 formation pressure prediction technology 地層快速預測 the formation fast prediction 埋藏深度 bury depth 產油層，產油帶，pay zone，productive formation 溫度梯度 temperature gradient 地層壓力 formation pressure 坍塌壓力 collapse pressure 破裂壓力 fracture pressure平衡壓力 equilibrium pressure 鉆具（柱）壓力 drilling string pressure 鉆頭振動 vibration of bit 鉆井成本 drilling costs 井眼尺寸 hole size，well size 參數計算 parameters calculation

幾何參數 geometric parameters 參數分析 parameter analysis 動態參數 dynamic data 靜態監測 static data 注水參數 parameter of injection 參數、變量variables 井距 well space 垂直深度 vertical depth 水平位移 horizontal deviation 總深度 total depth 水平位移 horizontal displacement 最大井斜角maximum hole inclination

井眼環空 annulus space 壓力調節器 pressure regulator 恢復（增加）壓力the build-up pressure 初始開采 primary recovery 含水地層 water bearing formation 套管漏失casing leak 摩擦損失 friction losses 氣聚閥gas-lift valve 石蠟族 paraffin series 含氣液柱 gas-laden column 增產措施 stimulation treatment 流動能力 flowing capacity 生產速率 production rate 水驅 water drive 氣驅 gas drive 網狀系統 grid system 水侵 water influx 五點法five-spot pattern 油井產量 well-productivity 徑向流 radial system 富氣 enriched gas 貧氣lean gas 氣頂 gas cap 氣驅 gas drive（or gas flooding）

水驅 water drive(or water flooding)地層傷害 formation damage 波及系數 sweep efficiency 泄油半徑 drainage radius 基巖處理 matrix treatment 單級脫氣 single stage separation 泄油面積 drainage area 表面張力 surface tension 束縛力 connate water（or interstitial water）

石油鉆井作業現場工作人員名稱 鉆井隊 drilling crew 隊、組 crew、team 2 技術員 technician 鉆井技術員 drilling technician 泥漿技術員 mud technician 3 監督 supervisor 鉆井監督 drilling supervisor 副監督 assisstant supervisor 地質監督 geology supervisor 4 工程師 engineer 泥漿工程師 mud engineer 泥漿工 mudman 機械工程師 mechanic engineer 引擎、發動機 engine 工程 engineering 鉆井工程 drilling engineering 采油工程 production engineering 石油工程 petroleum engineering 試油工程 oil test engineering 拓展記憶---------------------------工作項目 project 希望工程

the hope project 三峽工程 the Three-Gorge Project 項目經理 project manager 工程管理 project management 鉆工：roughneck、floorman 司鉆 driller 副司鉆 assistant driller 鉆井隊長 drilling foreman 鉆井領班 tool pusher 井架工 derrick man 發動機工，機工 motorman 鉆臺工 floorman 機械師 technicians，mechanic 電焊工 welder 電工electrician 醫生 doctor 材料員 material man，staff man 炊事員 cook 翻譯 interpreter, tansalator 洗衣工 laundry man

石油作業現場常用工具 石油作業現場普通工具

扳手 wrench 螺絲起子 screwdriver 多角螺絲起子 Phlilips screwdriver 活動扳手 monkey wrench，adjustable 鉗子 pliers 手斧 hatchet 鉤子 hook 臺鉗 bench vice 榔頭 hammer 木錘 mallet 搬手 spanner 鋸子 saw 電動手鋸 jigsaw 電鋸 power saw 鋼鋸 hacksaw 硬尺 rule 軟尺 tape measure 砂紙 sandpaper 油漆 paint 油漆刷 paintbrush 絕緣膠布 electrical tape 電線 wire 插頭 plug 電插座 outlet 開關 switch 螺栓 bolt 螺帽 nut 釘子 nail 電鉆 electric drill 鉆頭 bit 工作臺 workbench 工具箱 toolbox 膠水 glue 交棒 glue bar 管鉗 pipe tongs，pipe spanner，wrench 鏈鉗 chain tongs，chain spanner，chain wrench護絲 thread protector，screw protector 手輪 hand wheel 閥門搬手 valve wrench，valve spanner 鏈接法蘭 coupling flange 安全帶 safety belt 安全帽 safety cap 工作靴 working boots 千斤頂 jack 吊車 crane 拖拉機 tractor 推土機 dozer 刮刀 scraper

1、石油作業現場專業工具

接頭 sub 配合接頭 X-over，cross-over 提升短接 lifting sub，lifting nipple elevator 卡瓦 slip 母錐 box bell 公錐 taper tap 短節 joint 柔性短節 flex joint 井口 wellhead 螺旋鉆鋌 spiral collar 方鉆桿 kelly 鉆桿架 pipe rack 材料房 warehouse 繩卡 guy anchor 潤滑器 lubricator 維護保養 maintenance 內鉗 lead tong 外鉗 back-up tong 液壓大鉗 hydraulic tong 兜繩 mule line 四通閥 four-way valve 軟管 hose 球閥 ball valve, globe valve 閘板閥 ram valve, gate valve 增壓泵 booster pump 換配件 fittings change 灌注泵 charge pump

第二章 石油工程常用設備及專業術語

第1節 鉆井設備部分 井架 derrick 塔形井架 derrick A形井架 cantilever mast，mast-A 桅桿 mast 底座大梁 sill 架，臺 rack 架工操作臺 monkey-board 游動系統 travelling systemn 天車 crown block 天車梁 crown block beam 游動滑車 travelling block 鉆井大繩 drilling line, wire line 金屬線, 電線 wire，line 鋼絲繩，測井電纜 wire line 金屬線，電線 wire，line 鋼絲繩股 strand 截斷 cutoff 滑車，滑輪，皮帶輪 pulley 吊耳 eye plate 大鉤與水龍頭 hook and swivel 頂驅 top drive 大鉤 hook 大鉤彈簧 hook spring 大鉤銷子 hook pin 大鉤環 hook ring 大鉤鎖緊裝置 hook locking device 大鉤懸掛高度 hook height 水龍頭 swivel 鵝頸管 gooseneck 沖管 wash pipe

水龍頭盤根 swivel packing 鉆井水龍帶 drilling hose，rotary hose，kelly hose 立管 stand pipe 高壓管線 high pressure line 低壓管線 low pressure line 放壓管線 relief line 儲氣筒 gas holder，air holder 轉盤 rotary table 轉盤方瓦 master bushing 方補心 kelly drive bushing

方孔 square openning 小鼠洞 mouse hole 大鼠洞 rat hole（井架大門處）坡板 ramp 5 絞車 drawworks，hoist 液壓絞車 hydraulically-powered winch 氣動絞車 air operated hoist 絞車 hoist，windlass，drawworks 滾筒 線軸 卷軸 reel pool drum

滾筒高速氣離合器 drum high air clutch 滾筒低速氣離合器 drum low high clutch 貓頭 cathead 液壓貓頭 hydraulic cathead 上扣貓頭 make up cathead

卸扣貓頭 make out cathead 牙嵌離合器 jaw clutch 應急牙嵌離合器emergency jaw clutch 渦磁剎車 eddy current brake 貓頭軸 cathead shaft 貓頭繩 cathead line 貓頭繩爪 cat line grip 死繩 dead line 死繩固定器 deadline anchor

死繩固定器膜片 dead line diaphragm 上扣 spin up，screw on 卸扣，卸開 break out, screw off 上緊，固定 tighten 松開，松扣 loosen 加載 load 卸載unload 擰緊 screw 擰松 unscrew 剎者 brake 剎車總成 brake assembly 剎車軸 brake axle，brake shaft 剎車帶 brake band 剎車片 brake band lining 剎車桿 brake bar 閘瓦 brake block 剎把 break crank，brake bar 剎車鼓 brake drum 離合器 clutch 液壓油箱 hydraulic reservoir

液動試壓泵 hydraulic test pump 液壓大鉗 hydraulic tong 倒檔齒輪 reverse gear

第2節 鉆井泵類及相關設備

泥漿泵 mud pump，drilling pump，slush pump 活塞 piston 活塞桿 piston rod 活塞皮瓦 piston cup 缸套 liner，pumpliner 凡爾體 valve body 凡爾座 valve cup 閥彈簧 valve spring 閥桿 valve lever 閥面 valve face 閥帽 valve bonnet 泥漿泵安全閥 mud relief valve 排出閥 discharge valve 吸入閥 suction valve 潛水泵 submersible pump 閥門 valve 閥蓋 valve cap 閥座 valve seat 回壓閥 回壓閥 back pressure valve 單向閥 check valve single-pass valve 安全閥 safety valve 手動閥 manual valve 液動閥 hydraulic valve 冷缸cold cylinder 拉桿 tie rod，tension bear 上水頭 intake，suction end 排出口 discharge spout 高壓管 high pressure

壓力表 pressure gauge 沖數 strokes 排量 displacement，discharge capacity，flow rate

第3節 井下泵類及相關設備

泵筒 pump barrel 柱塞 plunger 關閉 shut down 尾管 tail pipe 抽油桿 sucker rod 長沖程 long stroke 低泵速 small pumping speed 泵充滿度 the fullness efficient of the pump 抽油桿 sucker rod 排氣方法 gas bleeding method 泵效 pump efficiency 三維空間 three dimensional space 有效生舉 efficient lift for the deviated

抽油桿扶正工具 sucker rod centralization tools 嚴重的管桿偏磨 serious string partial wear 游動閥 the travelling valve 固定閥 the standing valve 部分磨損、偏磨 partial wear 無桿泵 rodless pump 小泵深抽 small pump deep pumping technology

掛泵深度 pump setting depth 尾管長度 length of liner 管柱結構 the structure of pipe string 防脫器 dropout-prevent device 井斜角hole angle 電熱桿 borehole electric heating rod 稠油開采 heavy oil production 空心桿熱載體 hollow sucker rod heat carrier 變扣器 方補芯 bushing 終端器 terminal assembly 空心抽油桿 hollow sucker rod 整體電纜傳感器 continuous cable，sensor 空心光桿 hollow polish rod 懸掛器 hanger 防噴盒 stuffing box

第4節 采油設備

采油樹 Christmas tree 抽油機 pumping unit 往復運動 reciprocating motion 泵桿 pumping rod 機械傳動 mechanical transmission 載荷能力 peak polish rod load 系統效率 system efficiency 沖程stroke length 沖次 frequency of stroke 無級可調 smooth regulation 沉降式抽油泵 the sinking sand pump 泵下沉砂 sinking 砂顆粒 sand particles 膠質瀝青gum asphalt含蠟量paraffin content 凝固點solidification point 熱流 hot fluid 參水mingle water

第5節 與泵操作有關的使用短語

沒有壓力 no pressure 壓力過高 the pressure is too high 返回太少 mud return is few 水太少 water is little 搶修 rush to repair 請看記錄 please read the record

沒作記錄 no record 加化學小品 put in chemicals 加高嶺土粉 put in koaline powder 加云母片 put in mica sheet 加增粘劑 put in viscosifier 加稀釋劑 put in diluent（thinner）加穩定劑 put in stabilizer（stabilizing agent）加燒堿 put in caustic soda

測定比重 measure gravity，gravity test 測定失水 test filtration 測定切力 measure force 開關 switch 停泵 stop the pump 請打手勢 please make a gesture

轉動一周 turn round a circle 墊高一些 put something under it to raise 抓緊 firmly grasp 抬高 lift it up 拿穩 hold firm 打一下 strike once 往下拉 pull out 站穩 stand firm take a firm hand 小端 small end 大端 large end 光滑 smooth 粗糙 rough,coarse平面plane，flat 彎曲 winding，bending 放松 loosen

繃直 stretch tight，draw tight 撬棍 pinch bar，pry bar 充氨氣nitrogen aeration 氣包 snubber 冷卻 cooling 潤滑 lubricate 過載 overload 功率不足 inadequate power，power is not enough

第6節 鉆臺與底座

鉆臺 drilling floor，derrick floor，rig floor 鉆井記錄drilling record 司鉆監視器 driller’s monitor 司鉆控制臺 driller’s console 指重表 weight indicator 轉盤 rotary table 卡瓦 slip 吊卡 latch elevator 底座 substructure 井隊活動房 bunkhouse 鉆臺上值班房 doghouse 立根盒setback（place）立根盒容量setback capacity 井控設備 well-control device

第7節 防噴器

萬能防噴器 versatile blowout preventer Bag type BOP 單閘板防噴器 single ram preventer 雙閘板防噴器 double ram preventer 閘板 pipe ram 全封閉式防噴器 blind ram 蓄能器 energy accumulator 壓井管線 kill line 入口 inlet 出口 outlet 演習drill 消防演習fire drill 防噴演習BOP drill

防腐涂料油管 anti-corrosion coating material tubing 多功能管柱 multi-function string

第三章 鉆井工程作業部分

第1節 鉆井事故

泄漏 leak 漏失 fluid loss 出砂 sand production 井噴 blow out 井涌 kick，flow off 井漏 lost of circulation，circulation lost坍塌，井壁坍塌 caving，cave in，collapse 出砂 sand production，sand flow 橋塞 bridge plug 砂橋 sand bridge 井堵 well clogging 卡鉆 sticking 卡鉆桿 sticking the pipe 卡鉆具 sticking the drill stem 打撈 fishing 打撈工作 fishing job 側鉆 side-tracking 側鉆井眼 sidetracking hole

水泥竄槽cement channeling 固井失敗 cement failure 防砂 sand control，sand-proof

第2節 鉆頭

牙輪鉆頭 rock bit，tooth-wheel bit 刮刀鉆頭 drag bit 金剛石鉆頭 diomand bit 鑲齒鉆頭 tungsten carbide bit，insert bit 噴射鉆頭 jet bit 銑齒鉆頭milled bit 牙輪 cone 鉆頭裝卸器 bit breaker 鉆頭直徑 bit diameter 鉆頭壽命 bit life 鉆頭規格bit gauge 鉆頭磨損 bit wear 鉆頭型號 bit type 水眼尺寸 nozzle size 水眼效率 nozzle efficiency 鉆頭接頭 bit sub

第3節 鉆具

方鉆桿kelly 方鉆桿旋轉短節 kelly spinner 方鉆桿考克（旋塞）kelly cock 接頭 sub 鉆頭接頭 bit sub 鉆具 drill stem，drilling string 鉆桿drill pipe 管子 tube，pipe 鉆具組合 drilling assembly 扶正器 stabilizer，centering guide 翼狀扶正器 wing stabilizer 擴眼器 reamer drill collar 無磁鉆鋌 drill collar 加重鉆桿 heavy weight drill pipe近鉆頭扶正器 near-bit stabilizer 繞性接頭 flexible joint 震擊器 jar 減震器 shock absorber 螺旋鉆鋌 spiral drill collar 鍵槽破壞器 key seat reamer 安全接頭 safety joint 鉆桿刮泥器 drill pipe wiper 配合接頭 crossover sub 減震器 shock sub 井下鉆具組合 BHA-bottom hole assembly 泥漿動力鉆具 mud motor 管線tubeline 鉆柱 drill string 渦輪 tubine

渦輪鉆具 turbo-drill stem 斜度 taper，slope 塔式鉆具tapered drill stem 接頭 a joint，sub 管接頭 a joint of pipe 立根 stand，a stand，thribble 加厚 upset 內加厚 internal upset 外加厚 external upset 內外加厚internal-external upset 絲扣 thread 母扣 box 公扣pin 左旋螺紋left-hand thread 右旋螺紋 right-hand thread 正規接頭 regular joint 貫眼接頭 full hole joint 內平接頭 internal flush joint 護絲 thread protector 絲扣油 thread dope，thread oil 打撈籃 junk basket 打撈工具fishing tool

打撈管柱 fishing string 打撈公錐 fishing nipple 打撈頸 fishing neck 打撈頭 fishing head 打撈作業 fishing operation 打撈母錐 fishing socket 牙輪打撈器 cone fisher 倒扣工具 reversing tool 卡瓦打撈筒 slip socket 銑鞋 milling shoe 銑具 milling tool 平底銑鞋 flat bottom mill 磁力打撈工具 magnetic fishing tool 套管打撈矛 casing spear 打撈矛 fishing spear 打撈鉤 fish hook 套管打撈筒 casing bowl 動力扳手 power wrench 動力大鉗 power tong 大鉗活動牙塊 hinged jaw 大鉗鎖銷 latch 大鉗懸臂 suspension unit 氣動工具pneumatic tool 打撈震擊器 fishing jars 打撈緩沖器 fishing bumper sub 打撈環 die collar 打撈筒overshot 打撈短節junk sub 卡瓦slips 刮井器 scatcher 刮眼器 擴井器 wiper 油位檢查絲堵 oil lever check plug 油位 oil lever

油尺 oil-lever dipstick 加油孔 lubrication hole 盤根盒 stuffing box 井筒工具 well bore tool 配套工具 matching tools 滾輪扶正器 idler wheel centralizer 減磨短節 friction reduction sub 軸線加壓 hydraulic thruster 扶正器 centralizer 防脫器、裝置 anti-slip device 減磨扭矩接箍 torque-reduction sub 減扭接頭 torque reduction sub

軸向水力加壓工具 hydraulic thruster 下套管漂浮接箍 casing floating coupling 軸向加壓器 hydraulic thruster

第4節 鉆井工程地面作業實用詞匯與短語

方入 kelly-in 方余 kelly-up 開鉆 spud in，starting drilling 作業指令 working instruction 起鉆 POOH=pull out of the hole 下鉆 run in the hole 起下鉆 make a trip 短起下鉆 short trip 通井 wiper trip 起下循環一周 round a trip 循環時間 round time，circulating time 換鉆頭 change bit 甩鉆具 laydown 填井 pack-hole封井 packed drilling

發生故障 break down 接單根 connection 放卡瓦 set slip，setting slip，起卡瓦 pull slip 擴眼 openning 劃眼 reaming 二層臺 double monkey board，runround 頂部驅動器 top drive 吊環 bail 吊卡 elevator 安全卡瓦 safety slips 接頭 sub adapter 短節 sub substitute 井下震擊器 downhole（bumper）jar，down well shaker 打撈工具 fishing tool 三片卡瓦 three slips，three pieces 補芯 bushing 方補芯 kelly drive bushings

轉盤補芯（大方瓦）rotary drive bushing 轉盤剎車 rotary brake 絲扣油 thread lubricant oil 剎把 brake crank，brake bar，brake lever 腳踏開關 pedal switch 掛檔put into gear 拉貓頭cathead 內鉗 back-up tongs 外鉗 lead tongs 氣動大鉗 pneumatic tongs 液壓大鉗 hydraulic tongs 機械手 mechanical arm 鐵鉆工 machine hand 司鉆房driller room 有故障 it has broken down, it has something wrong 已修好 the breakdown has been fixed 馬上去 go there at once 請下去 please go down 請上來 please come up

躲開，危險 get out，danger 請翻譯來 ask the interpretor to come here 沖洗 flushing 井口 well-head（well head）井下落物fish 一根鉆桿（單根）single（pipe）三根鉆桿組合（立根）thribble 甩單根 breaking down 接單根 make a connection 氣動絞車 pneumatic drawworks 吊籃 basket 卡子 clamp 繩套 rope sling loosening 緊固tightening 挪開 move it off 換班 change，shift 保養設備maintain equipment 鉆井日志 boring journal，boring log 油管懸掛器 tubing hanger

第5節 鉆井工程井口作業實用詞匯與短語

喇叭口 bell mouth，flare opening 貯能器 accumulater 液壓閥 hydraulic valve 液壓管 hydraulic hose 阻流管 choke line 井控管匯 well control manifold 泄壓閥 pressure relief valve 調壓針閥 pressure regulating needle valve

回壓閥 backpressure valve 井口螺絲 the bolt of wellhead 井口絞車 well head drawworks 水剎車 water brake，hydraulic brake 電纜（electric）cable 井口壓力wellhead pressure 隔水導管 conductor riser 小心滑倒 Guard against slipping 不要掉下去 Take care not to fall down 我來清理 let me clean up 帶把扳手來bring a spanner，please 帶把鐵錘來 bring a hammer，please.帶點密封劑 bring a little sealant，please 帶個密封圈 bring a sealing washer 用起子撬 prize with（using）screwdriver 用手推注 push by hand 卸下來了 it has been removed off 裝配好了 it has been assembled 很快就好了 it will be finished right away 抬一下 let’s lift it 上緊螺絲tighten the screw loosen 松開螺絲 loosen the screw 把繩子給我 give me the rope，please 把繩子拿走take the rope away。試壓 pressure testing 不漏 no leak，no leakage 用電焊 use electric welding 用氣焊 use gas welding 不好焊 awkward to weld 焊不好 be unable to weld

拿個滑輪來 bring a block（pulley）here please 使勁 put in more effort 井口平臺 wellhead platform 吊索 hoist cable，suspension cable，crane cable

欄桿 handrail gangway rail，railing 蒸汽 vapour 壓縮空氣 pressurized（compressed）air 晃得利害 wobble terribly 扶住 hold firmly 注意安全 pay attention to safety 繩子結實 the rope is(strong)tough 繩子要斷 the rope is going to snap 別動 Don’t move，don’t touch 對準 align 防火 fire proof 正常 normal 裸眼 open hole barefoot 井口蓋 hole cover 井口圓井 cellar 密封圈 sealing ring

井口切割 wellhead cutting 井口焊接 wellhead welding 井口照明燈 wellhead lighting（lamp）井架底座 derrick base 移動井架moving derrick 反扭矩系統 anti-torque system 井口灌注管 wellhead charge house

第四章 鉆井液及相關設備

第1節 鉆井液名稱

泥漿 mud 鉆井泥漿 drilling mud 鉆井液 drilling fluid 完井液 completion fluid 修井液 work-over fluid 壓井液 load fluids，killing fluid 射孔液 perforating fluid

隔離液 spacer fluid 射井perforating fluid 強觸變油包水壓井液 thixotropy water-in-oil load fluids 泥漿處理 mud treatment，mud treating 泥漿處理設備 mud treating equipement 普通泥漿 conventional mud，clay-base mud 飽和鹽水泥漿 saturated salt-water mud 海水泥漿 seawater mud 油基泥漿oil-base mud 高粘度泥漿heavy viscous mud 重泥漿 heavy mud, weight mud 輕泥漿 light-weight mud 水包油 water-in-oil 非固相 none-solid 低固相 low-solid

第2節 鉆井液設備

離心泵 centrifugal pump 振動篩 shale shaker, shaker，shaker screen，篩出 shake out 篩布 shake cloth 灌注泵 charge pump 混合泵 mixing pump 混合漏斗 mixing hopper 循環池 active tank 泥漿計量罐 trip-tank 攪拌器 stirrer，mud agitator，mixter 脫氣器 degasser 除砂器 desander 除泥器 desilter 泥漿艙 mud deck 泥漿槍 mud gun 漏斗 hopper 泥漿管線 mud line 鵝頸管 goose-neck 巖屑 鉆屑 cuttings

泥漿罐，池 mud tank，mud pit 沉淀 settle，settling 沉淀物 deposit 沉淀灌 settle tank，settle pit 吸入 suction 吸入灌 suction pit 泥漿天平mud balance 蓋子 lid，cape 罩蓋物，罩cover 游碼 slide weight 支點 fulcrum 刀口 edge 硬粒 鋼砂 shot 調整，校正 adjust

第三節 鉆井液處理劑

包，袋 sack 一包 a sack of 粘土clay 膨潤土，般土 bentonitic 膨潤土泥漿 bentonitic mud 重晶石 barite 蘇打 純堿 soda 蘇打粉 純堿粉 soda ash，soda powder 鈉 sodium，quebracho 鈣 calcium 氯 chloride 氯化鈣 calcium chloride 羧甲基 carboxymethyl 石棉 asbestos 玻璃纖維 cellophane 分散 dispersal 表面活性劑 surface-active material 鐵絡鹽 lignite 單寧 tannin 云母 mica 重絡酸鈉 sodium bichromate 氯化鉀 potassium 纖維素 cellulose 羧甲基纖維素 carboxymethyl celluose CMC 木纖維xylogen 石灰 lime

二氯化鈣 calcium oxide 粉末 powder 薄片 flake 溶解dissolve 延遲 妨礙 retard 處理劑、添加劑additives 緩凝劑 retarder 支撐劑 proppant

乳化劑 emulsifying agent, emulsifier 潤濕劑 wetting agent 穩定劑 stabilizing agent 除鈣劑 calcium remover 降失水劑 filtration-reducing agent PH值控制劑PH control additive 潤滑劑 lubricant 消泡劑 defoamer agent 破乳劑 emulsion 洗滌劑 detergent 清洗劑 cleanout agent 防膨脹劑 anti-swelling agent 粘土穩定劑 clay stable agent 稀釋劑 thinner 封堵劑 plugging agent 抑制劑 inhibition agent 暫堵劑 temporary plugging agent 解堵劑 plugging removal

堵漏劑 lost circulation material,LCM 低熒光消泡劑 low-fluorescence defoam agent 油溶性暫堵劑 oil-soluble temporary plugging agent

強觸變油包水壓井液 thixotropy water-in-oil load fluids 水基地層 water base formation 水敏儲層 water sensitive reservoirs 分散 dispersal 水泥漿 cement slurry

甲酸鹽系統 the formate system 防漏 leakage-prevention 微硅粉 micro-silica powder 漂珠 PFA(pulverized fly ash)彈性防漏劑 elastic lost circulation additive 流變性 rheological characteristics 穩定性 stability 稠化時間 thickening time 低密度水泥漿 low-density slurry 液柱壓力 hydrostatic fluid column pressure 液體流變性 fluid rheological property 表面活性劑 surfactant 鉆井液切力 shear of drilling fluid 油氣層保護 reservoir protection 地層巖石 formation rocks 高滲透性high-permeability 水力沖刷 hydraulic scouring along with propping 地質短塊 geological block 分隔器分選壓力 separating pressure of packer 投球選擇壓力selecting pressure of ball 稠油油藏condensate oil reservoir 動態測試 dynamic data 測量數據measuring data 油井產能oil wells productivity 裝置參數 unit parameter 排放量 drainage volume 抽出量 extraction volume 分離器 separator 負壓泵 under-balance pressure, vacuum pressure 放射同位素自動檢測儀器 memory automatic detector of radioactive isotope 負壓噴射泵 under-balance jet pump 凝膠時間 crossing time凝膠粘度 gel viscosity 礫石 gravity 懸浮 suspension 固化 solidation 防膨脹 anti-swelling

高凝高粘度 high condensate，high condensation and viscosity 低滲透度 low permeability 鹽酸 hydrochloric acid 土酸酸化 acid acidizing 白粉狀 white powder 無味的 tasteless

第四篇：服裝專業英語復習要點

服裝專業英語復習要點

專業名詞：（英譯中）

1fabric、2positioning3bath towel4hanger5fabric run6discount7run off stitch、8

up side down9retailer、10 audit report11 classification12 cutting piece13 additional13 broken yarn14template15 clean finish

(1)approval sample

(2)armhole

(3)pilling

(4)bartack

(5)metal-ware

(6)bottom

(7)bottoms

(8)dyeing

(9)bust

(10)CB length

(11)care label

(12)collar

cuff

(13)hipping sample

(14)inlay

(15)fly

(16)front pocket

(17)hangtag

(18)hip pocket

(19)lining

(20)jetted pkt.(21)facing

(22)client

(23)out-seam

(24)plastic bag

(25)pattern

信件復習：

根據給出信息，完成以下信件的回復：

收件人：David Brown

收件人地址：Bandy Fashion Inc.120 Bukit Timah Street, Singapore

日期：2012年6月10日

寄信人：跟單員(Merchandiser)王華, ABC Company

事件：我們收到David Brown發出的200打全棉褲子，經過檢測后發現，其中6打褲子存在品質差問題，其中5打褲子存在面料瑕疵問題。我們期待你們的答復。

Bandy Fashion Inc.120 Bukit Timah Street

Singapore

Dear Mr.David Brown,We received 200 dozens of 100% cotton pants you sent us, but regret finding on examination that 6 dozens of them were poor quality and 5 dozens of them were being fabric defects.We are looking forward to your reply.Yours Sincerely,ABC CompanyWang Hua

牛仔褲用專業英語寫出各部位名稱：（襯衫各部位名稱要熟記）

1.waistband

2.change pocket

3.front curve pocket

4.fly

5.crotch

6.side seam

7.bottom

8.leather label

9.back/hip pocket

10.seat seam11、in seam

第五篇：專業英語總結

幻燈片1 1.In-class practice 將下面與會議相關詞語翻譯為漢語 ? sponsor贊助者 Cover letter求職信

? organizer組織者 Invitation letter邀請信 ? preparatory committee籌備委員會 ? organizing committee組織委員會

? contact person聯系人 Recommendation Letter推薦信 ? keynote speaker主旨發言人 ? participant與會者 ? co-sponsors協辦方

? honorary chairman榮譽主席 ? program committee程序委員會 ?(vice)chairman副主席 ? members會員

? executive secretary行政秘書 session chair分會場主席 幻燈片2 ? Coffee or tea break with refreshments茶歇 ? Dinner晚餐 ? Lunch午餐

? Tour and sightseeing觀光 ? Banquet晚宴

? Reception接待會

? Welcome speech歡迎詞

? Opening remarks/address/speech開幕詞 ? Closing remarks/address/speech閉幕詞 ? Keynote speech/report主旨發言

? Paper session/paper presentation張貼 ? Poster session海報展 ? Demonstration說明

? Question and answer period/session問答環節

幻燈片3 機場的英語標識 Airport 飛機場

Airport lounges 機場休息室 Airport shuttle 機場班車 Arrivals 進港

Check-in area（zone）辦理登機區 Customers lounges 旅客休息室 Departures 出港

Departure time 離港時間 Departure time on reverse 返航時間

幻燈片4 機場的英語標識

Destination on airport 到達機場 Domestic flight 國內航班 Emergency exit 安全出口 exit/out/way out 出口

arrivals 進站（進港、到達）Exit to all routes 各通道出口 Flight connections 轉機處

Assistance/information/help point(desk)/inquiries 問訊處 Left baggage 行李寄存 Lost property 失物招領

Luggage from flight 到港行李 幻燈片5 機場的英語標識

Luggage pick-up/reclaim/ Luggage(baggage)claim 取行李 Missing people help line 走失求助熱線 Missing, police appeal for assistance 警察提供走失幫助

No smoking except in designated area 除制定區域外，禁止吸煙 customs 海關

Nothing（something）to declare 有（無）報關 Passport control 入境檢驗 Queue here 在此排隊

reclaim belt 取行李傳送帶

幻燈片6 機場的英語標識

Seserved seating 預定的座位 Return fares 往返機票 Short stay 短暫停留 Stay close 跟緊

international airport 國際機場 domestic airport 國內機場

international terminal 國際候機樓

international/dometic departure 國際/國內班出港 check-in 登機手續辦理

boarding pass/card 登機牌 gate/departure gate 登機口

幻燈片7 機場的英語標識

FLT NO（flight number）航班號 arriving form 來自。。

scheduled time(SCHED)預計時間 actual 實際時間 landed 已降落

departure to 前往

departure time 起飛時間 delayed 延誤

stairs and lifts to departure 由此乘電梯前往登機 up/upstairs 由此上樓

down/downstairs 由此下樓

幻燈片8 機場的英語標識

moeny exchange/currency exchange 貨幣兌換處 hotel reservation 訂旅館 luggage locker 行李暫存箱

passport control immigration 護照檢查處 transfer passengers 中轉旅客 transfer correspondence 中轉處 transit 國境

goods to declare 報關物品

Taxi pick-up point 出租車乘車點 coach pick-up point 大轎車乘車點

airline coach service 航空公司汽車服務處 car hire 租車處（旅客自己駕車）

幻燈片9 機場的英語標識

duty-free shop/stores 免稅店 luggage tag 行李牌

ticket confirm 機票確認 carrier 承運人（公司）class（fare basis）座艙等級 nationality 國籍

country of origin(country where you live)原住地 city where visa was issued 簽證簽發地 date issue 簽發日期

accompanying number 偕行人數 official use only 官方填寫 issue date 簽發日期

security check 安全檢查

幻燈片10 Visa application for entering Canada---工簽（work permit工簽 student permit學簽）

1.經過本人簽名的有效護照原件。2.邀請信：

（1）邀請信原件和復印件各一份。

（2）內容包括：邀請人姓名、單位、地址、電話號碼；被邀請人姓名、單位、預定訪問日期、停留期限、訪問目的以及Bench Fee的明確數額，如無Bench Fee也請于信中注明。3.工作許可： 按照加拿大駐華使館簽證處最新規定，公派訪問學者（SPONSORED RESEARCHERS）申請赴加拿大簽證需要提供由加拿大內務部（HOME OFFICE）簽發的“工作許可”（SPONSORED RESEARCHERS WORK PERMIT）。該工作許可應由加拿大邀請人負責到加拿大內務部申請。該工作許可為必須材料，否則加拿大駐華使館簽證處不予受理。

幻燈片11 說明書常用術語

operational/operating instructions 操作說明書 user's manual 用戶手冊

major components and functions 主要部件及功能 assembles and controls 各部件及其操作機構 group designation 各類名稱

operating flow chart 操作流程圖 fine adjustment 微調 coarse adjustment 粗調

direction for use 使用方法 wear-life 抗磨損壽命

幻燈片12 說明書常用術語

high voltage cautions 小心高電壓 transportation 搬運，運輸 instruction for erection 安裝規程 power requirements 電源條件 service condition 工作條件 system diagram 系統示意圖

wiring/circuit diagram 線路圖 operating voltage 工作電壓 factory services 工廠檢修服務 specific wearability 磨損率

幻燈片13 說明書常用術語

precautions/cautions 注意事項 measuring range 量程 data book 數據表 Don't cast 勿擲

standard accessories 標準附件 accessories supplied 備用附件 safety factor 安全系數

tested error free 經檢驗無質量問題 ground/GND terminal 接地端子 earth lead 地線

幻燈片14 說明書常用術語

inflammable 易燃物、防火 keep dry 保持干燥 keep upright 無倒置

To be protected from cold/heat 避免遇冷/熱

Use roller（出現在外包裝箱上時）移動時使用滾子 warranty 保證書 feature 特點

construction 構造

electric system 電氣系統 coolant system 冷卻系統

幻燈片15 說明書常用術語 test run 試運轉

first commissioning 試車 maintenance 維護，維修 dimensions 尺寸 measurement 尺碼 lubrication 潤滑 inspection 檢驗 location 安裝位置 fix screw 固定螺釘 specification 規格

幻燈片16 說明書常用術語

rated load 額定負載 rate capacity 額定容量 nominal speed 額定馬力 Gross/Gr.Wt.毛重 Net Wt.凈重 fragile 易碎

cutting capacity 加工范圍 humidity 濕度

oiling period 加油間隔期 work cycle 工作周期

幻燈片17 合同常用術語和句型

partial shippment 分裝 transshipment 轉船 insurance 保險

compensation allowance 補償津貼 claim indemnity 索賠 other terms 其他條款

the engaging/engaged party 聘方/受聘方 expiration of the contract 合同到期 be covered by the seller 由賣方負責

幻燈片18 協議書常用術語和句型

agreement on academic exchange 學術交流協議

co-operation agreement on science and technology 科技合作協議

agreement on production co-operation 生產合作協議 agreement on persionnel training 人員培訓協議

patterns and contents of co-operation 合作方式和內容 measures of implementation 執行措施 Sino-foreign joint venture 中外合資 duration of agreement 協議有效期 personnel matters 人員交流 the two sides 雙方

technical consulation 技術咨詢 financial arrangements 費用安排

幻燈片19 ? Optimal control and optimization;最優控制及優化 ? Process control過程控制 ? Stochastic systems隨機系統

? Instrumentation systems儀表系統 ? Mobile robotics移動式機器人學 ? Perception systems感知系統

? Robot sensing and data fusion機器人感知與數據融合幻燈片20

TOPICs ? Human/Computer Interaction, ? Human/Machine Systems, ? Image Processing, ? Computer Vision，? Information Assurance and Security, ? Intelligent Communications, ? Intelligent Systems，? Intelligent Transportation Systems, ?

Internet/Electronic Commerce，? Knowledge Acquisition and Engineering, ? Manufacturing Systems, ? Optimization, ?

Pattern Recognition, ?

Quality/Reliability & Systems Engineering

? Computational Intelligence, ? Soft Computing, Fuzzy Systems, ? Neuro-Fuzzy Systems, ? Neural Networks(NN), ? Genetic Algorithm(GA), ? Evolutionary Computation(EC), ? Hybrid CI Algorithms, ? DNA Computing, ? Evolutionary Logistics, ? Evolutionary Systems，? Adaptive Computing Systems, ? Data Mining and Management, ? Decision Support Systems, ? Informatics，? Environmental Systems，? Expert and Knowledge Based Systems

幻燈片21

Control and Decision: ? Adaptive control;? Complex systems and complex network;? Control applications;

? Control engineering education;? Co-operative control;

? Decision-making theory and method;? Decision supporting system;? Delay systems;

? Discrete event systems;? Distributed control systems;? Distributed parameter systems;

? Fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control;? Fuzzy systems;? Game theory;? Hybrid systems;

? Identification and estimation;? Intelligent systems;

? Knowledge Management and Knowledge Engineering;

幻燈片22 ? Management Information Systems and Enterprise Informalization;? Management of Supply Chain and Logistics;? Modeling and Optimization of E-Commerce;?

Motion control;

? Networked control systems;? Neural networks;? Nonlinear systems;

? Optimal control and optimization;? Process control;?

Production planning and scheduling;?

Robust and H-infinity control;? Sensor network systems;? Social economy systems;? Stochastic systems;

? Variable structure control.幻燈片23 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

幻燈片24

Automation: CIMS and manufacturing systems;Factory modeling and simulation;Home, laboratory and service automation;Instrumentation systems;Intelligent automation;Man-machine interactions;Nano-scale automation and assembly;Network-based systems;

Planning, scheduling and coordination;Process automation.Robotics: ? Human centered systems;

? Medical robots and bio-robotics;? Micro robots and micro-manipulation;? Mobile robotics;

? Mobile sensor networks;? Perception systems;? Robot control;

? Robot sensing and data fusion;? Search, rescue and field robotics;? Space and underwater robots;? Tele-robotics;? Visual servicing.幻燈片25 協議書常用術語和句型

provide equipment, technology, engineering technicians and managerial personnel including quality inspectors 提供設備、技術、工程技術人員以及包括質量檢查員在內的管理人員 The take-over will take place on...驗收將于某月某日進行

...hereby indicate the intention to enter into a program of technological co-operation on the basis of mutual benefit(to be benefit both sides)...特此表明雙方在互惠的基礎上簽訂技術合作項目的愿望。

The two sides agree to co-operate with each other in research projects of common interest.雙方同意對共同感興趣的項目進行合作。

must be completed 10 months after the conclusion of the present agreement.限在本協議簽訂后10個月內完成。

幻燈片26

2將下列標題翻譯為英語。

? *附件中有我的簡歷。

? Enclosed here is my resume.? 1 有源電力濾波器控制策略綜述

? Review study of control strategy for active power filter ? 2 基于粗糙集理論的系統參數重要性評價及其應用

? Significance assessment for the system parameters on base of rough set theory and it's application ? 3 基于蟻群算法的多機器人協作策略

? Multi-robot coordination strategy based on ant colony algorithm ? 4 電力系統混沌振蕩的自適應補償控制

? Adaptive compensating control for chaos oscillation of power system

幻燈片27

2將下列標題翻譯為英語。

? 5 基于結構特征的路面裂紋病害檢測算法

? Detection algorithm of road cracks on surface disease based upon architecture feature ? 6 基于虛擬儀器技術的電磁閥綜合特性測控系統

? Research on overall characteristics of measurement and control system for magnetic valve based upon virtual instrument techniques ? 7 基于自組織映射神經網絡的低壓故障電弧聚類分析

? Clustering analysis for low-voltage arc fault based on SOM networks ? 8 基于小波分解的腦CT圖像紋理特征提取

? Texture feature extraction for CT brain images based on wavelet decomposition

幻燈片28 將下面英語（論文標題）翻譯為中文。

?(1)PASSIVITY-BASED CONTROLLER– OBSERVER FOR ROBOT MANIPULATORS ? 機器人執行機構的無源控制觀察器

?(2)ADAPTIVE CONTROL OF NON-LINEAR TELEOPERATOR SYSTEMS IN THE PRESENCE OF ADDITIVE INPUT AND OUTPUT DISTURBANCES ? 存在附加輸入和輸出擾動的非線性遙控機器人系統的自適應控制

?(3)AN OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM FOR THE COORDINATED HYBRID AGENT FRAMEWORK ? 協調混合主體框架的優化算法

?(4)BEHAVIOUR EMERGENCE MODEL BASED ON CHANGES IN SENSORY INFORMATION AND ITS APPLICATION TO MULTIPLE TASKS ? 基于感覺信息變化的行為上升模型及其在多任務中的應用 ?(5)Running Temperature and Mechanical Stability of Grease as Maintenance Parameters of Railway Bearings ? 運行溫度和油脂的機械穩定性鐵路軸承的維護參數

幻燈片29 ?(6)An Improved Approach to Delay-dependent Robust Stabilization for Uncertain Singular Time-delay Systems ? 不確定奇異時滯系統的遲滯相關魯棒鎮定的改進方法

?(7)Stability Analysis of Discrete-time Systems with Additive Time-varying Delays ? 附加時變延遲的離散系統的穩定性分析

?(8)CONTROL OF A SCARA ROBOT: PSO-PID APPROACH ? SCARA機器人的控制：粒子群優化-PID方法

?(9)FRACTIONAL CALCULUS-BASED OPTIMAL CONTROLLERS OF AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR IN POWER SYSTEM.? 在電力系統中自動電壓調節器的基于微積分的最優控制器

?(10)RESEARCH OF WEATHERSENSITIVE SHORT-TERM LOAD FORECASTING ? 氣象敏感的短期負荷預測的研究

幻燈片30 ?(11)DISPERSED GENERATION IN MODERN POWER SYSTEMS AND ITS IMPACT IN EUROPE ON POWER SYSTEM STRUCTURE AND SECURE OPERATION ? 現代電力系統分散發電及其對歐洲電力系統體系結構和安全運行的影響 ?(12)COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FOR DIGITAL REGULATORS IN SERIES DC MOTOR CONTROLLED DRIVE ? 串聯直流電機控制驅動器的數字顯示調節儀的比較性能分析

?(13)An Assessment Tool for Land Reuse with Artificial Intelligence Method ? 采用人工智能方法的土地再利用評估工具

?(14)Watermarking of Digital Images in Frequency Domain ? 在頻域中的數字圖像水印技術

?(15)Action Control of Soccer Robots Based on Simulated Human Intelligence ? 基于人工智能模擬的足球機器人的行為控制

幻燈片31 ?(16)Real-time Virtual Environment Signal Extraction andDenoising Using Programmable Graphics Hardware ? 使用可編程圖像硬件進行實時虛擬環境信號的提取和去噪

?(17)Soft Sensing Modelling Based on Optimal Selection of Secondary Variables and Its Application ? 基于二次變量最優選擇的軟測量模型及其應用

?(18)Adaptive Fuzzy Dynamic Surface Control for Uncertain Nonlinear Systems ? 具有不確定非線性系統的自適應模糊動態表面控制

?(19)Kalman Filtering with Partial Markovian Packet Losses ? 有部分馬爾科夫丟包損失的卡爾曼濾波 ?(20)On Problems of Multicomponent System Maintenance Modelling ? 多元系統維護的建模問題

幻燈片32 In-class practise: Conclusion(結論)：

An effective positioning means is developed by establishing pseudo_range-pseudo_range rate-heading measurements model of a miniature AHRS/GPS.Due to the large drifts and poor stability of MEMS sensors, the QEKF gauss nonlinear filter algorithm is applied to the whole system through computing the complicated Hessian matrix related to the second-order form of nonlinear equations.After carrying on a numerical simulation, the optimal estimates of parameters are achieved as expected, that is(viz.), the root mean squares(RMS)of attitude error and position error never exceed 90“ and 3m respectively, even if the accuracy of the sensors is modest, which thus demonstrates that the QEKF yields to accurate estimates and it is proved to be feasible for this low-cost AHRS/GPS integration.The following investigation will focus on the improvement of the accuracy of micro inertial sensors, if the accurate results are desired.幻燈片33 4.Abstrace例文翻譯 In-class practise:

以低成本陸用航姿參考系統(AHRS)/ GPS緊耦合系統為研究對象,建立了基于偽距、偽距率、航向角的組合觀測數學模型。引入強跟蹤濾波(STF)算法,利用漸消因子的作用,增強濾波器對狀態快速變化的跟蹤能力。同時,針對微慣性器件漂移過大的缺點,采用二階EKF(QEKF)方法,通過對Hessian 矩陣的求解,補償系統觀測方程線性化的二階截斷誤差。仿真表明: STQEKF 方法可高速準確地逼近系統非線性模型,實現陸地載體導航控制,在傳感器精度有限的情況下,使姿態和位置的控制效果較標準EKF 分別提高了約8.9 %～38.2 %和48.7 %～54.4 %。幻燈片34

Time delay of the internet is characterized as random, unbounded, and different for both branches in the control loop [9, 10] and it may cause instability of the system.Therefore, researchers developed some methods to deal with time delay, including passivity theory-based and control theory-based approaches [11].Anderson and Spong [12] derived a control law based on passivity and scattering theory to ensure tele-operative stability subject to any time delay.Niemeyer and Slotine [13] proposed the wave variables-based approach to address time-delay in tele-operation.Lawrence [14] addressed time delay in a four-channel bilateral tele-manipulation.Yoshikawa and Ueda [15] used scattering theory to assess the stability of four conventional tele-operation architectures.Munir and Book [16] incorporated a Smith predictor and Kalman filter to improve the performance of a wave-based tele-operator in the presence of a varying-time delay.幻燈片35 ? 互聯網時延的特點是隨機的、不受限的，并且在控制回路中的分支間是不同的，這可能導致系統的不穩定。因此，針對時延，研究者開發了一些方法，包括基于無源性理論和控制理論的方法。安德森和斯幫推導出一個控制律，這個規律是基于無源性和散射理論的，它能確保在任何時延的情況下的遙操作的穩定性。尼邁耶和斯洛坦提出了波變量方法來處理遙操作中的時延。勞倫斯解決了四通道雙邊遙操作中的時延。吉川和上田使用散射理論來研究四個傳統遙操作架構的穩定性。穆尼爾和布克將史密斯預估器和卡爾曼濾波器結合起來，以此來提高波在變化的時延情況下的遙操作性能。

幻燈片36 Abstract: The theoretical study due to the giant magneto-impedance(GMI)effect of Co-rich amorphous wire sensor is presented.As a practical device, this sensor may be used to sense the Earth’s magnetic field and to provide a measure of the attitude of a moving vehicle.It is proposed a multivibrator bridge should be adopted as the structure module.The measuring principle of the sensor is stressed, which is accomplished by means of establishing corresponding mathematic model.In sequence, with a numerical simulation being carried out, a good linear characteristic between voltage and measured field in the range of is achieved, which demonstrates this sensor is a linear one, and it is capable of measuring weak signal of magnetic field.In addition, the application of this sensor for the attitude and heading reference system(AHRS)with the micro inertial measurement units(MIMUs)is studied, providing an effective method for low cost solid-state AHRS with high accuracy theoretically.幻燈片37 鈷基非晶絲傳感器的巨磁阻抗影響已經有了相關理論性研究，作為一個實用裝置，該傳感器可被用于感知地球磁場以及測量行駛中小車的姿態，并提出多諧振蕩橋應該用于結構模塊。該傳感器的測量原則強調要通過建立相應的數學模型來完成測量。通過進行逐一的數值仿真，實現了電壓和測量范圍間能具有良好的線性特性，這也表明了該傳感器是線性的，并且能夠測量磁場的微弱信號。此外，對該傳感器在姿態航向參考系統與微慣性測量單元的應用也進行了研究，并在理論上為高精度低成本的固態姿態航向系統提供了一種有效的方法。幻燈片38 In-class practise: ? 3.Abstract翻譯 Healthy sensors are essential for the reliable monitoring and control of building automation systems(BAS).This paper presents a diagnostic tool to be used to assist building automation systems for online sensor heath monitoring and fault diagnosis of air-handling units.The tool employs a robust sensor fault detection and diagnosis(FDD)strategy based on the Principal Component Analysis(PCA)method.Two PCA models are built corresponding to the heat balance and pressure-flow balance of an air-handling process.Sensor faults are detected using the Q-statistic and diagnosed using an isolation-enhanced PCA method that combines the Q-contribution plot and knowledge-based analysis.The PCA models are updated using a condition-based adaptive scheme to follow the normal shifts in the process due to changing operating conditions.The sensor FDD strategy, the implementation of the diagnostic tool and experimental results in an existing building are presented in this paper.幻燈片39 ? 優良的傳感器對于可靠監控和樓宇自動化系統是至關重要的。本文提出了一種診斷工具，用來協助樓宇自動化系統進行在線傳感器優良檢測以及空氣處理單元的故障診斷。該工具采用基于主成分分析方法的魯棒傳感器故障檢測及診斷策略。構建的兩個主成分分析模型與空氣處理過程的熱平衡以及壓力流量平衡相對應。傳感器故障是用Q統計量來檢測并用隔離加強的主成分分析法來診斷的，并結合了Q貢獻圖和只是分析。由于變化的操作狀態，該主成分分析模型是通過使用基于自適應方案條件跟蹤正常移距來完成矯正的。本文還提出了該傳感器故障檢測和診斷策略、診斷工具的實現以及在現有建筑中的試驗結果。

幻燈片40 40 In-class practise: Conclusion：

本文提出了一種基于自適應進化學習的約束多目標粒子群優化算法。該算法根據不符合約束條件粒子的約束違反程度修正多目標粒子群優化算法的進化學習公式，有效地提高了算法在約束邊界區域的搜索能力；引入了一種基于擁擠距離的Pareto最優解分布性動態維護策略，在不增加算法復雜度的前提下，改進了Pareto前沿的分布性。實驗結果表明，在處理帶約束多目標優化問題時，基于自適應學習的約束多目標粒子群優化算法可以獲得具有更好收斂性、分布性和多樣性的Pareto前沿。

幻燈片41

將下列Abstract翻譯為中文

? Metabolism provides a basis for using first principles of physics, chemistry, and biology to link the biology of individual organisms to the ecology of populations, communities, and ecosystems.Metabolic rate, the rate at which organisms take up, transform, and expend energy and materials, is the most fundamental biological rate.We have developed a quantitative theory for how metabolic rate varies with body size and temperature.Metabolic theory predicts how metabolic rate, by setting the rates of resource uptake from the environment and resource allocation to survival, growth, and reproduction, controls ecological processes at all levels of organization from individuals to the biosphere.幻燈片42

邀請信（Invitation letter）

? Dear Dr.Men: ?

It is my pleasure to invite you to International Heat Transfer Conference(IHTC-14/2010), which is being held in Washington D.C, WA, USA on 08/08/2010-08/13/2010.?

You will be presenting the paper(s), Paper #:22747 ”Study on Biocorrosion Induced by Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria on Heat Exchanger Material in Cooling Water“.ASME is the premier organization for the promotion of the art, science, and practice of mechanical engineering throughout the world.Our mission is to promote and enhance the technical competency and professional well-being of our members, and through quality programs and activities in mechanical engineering better enable its practitioners to contribute to the well-being of humankind.? You are expected to undertake all expenses.? John Beck, ? Director, International Affairs ? Tel: +1(973)882-1170 ? Fax: +1(973)882-1717 E-mail: beckj@asme.org