第一篇：綜合寫作TPO2

In the reading passage, the author argues that working in a team has many advantages.However, the professor's lecture casts doubt on the reading passage by a specific example.First, The author in the reading passage argues that workers can be rewarding.The point disagrees with the statement demonstrated by the lecturer that even though they do a good job, they will not benefit from the team, because no names are appreciated and the glory belongs to the whole team.As a result, workers almost don't contribute to the team project.According to the author that in a team, there is more knowledge and

resources, therefore, more creative solutions will be built.What's more, the whole team can accomplish the work more quickly.This directly contradicts what the listening material indicates.Because it can take a long time to make a consensus and it will make a few meetings to make an agreement.Finally, someone is influential, if he or she thinks one solutionisn’t well, then the solution will not be discussed, and if he or she thinks one solution is creative, then although it has shortages, they will be ignored.As a result, the project done by the whole team goes very slow.In a nut shell, based on the discussions demonstrated above, we can clearly see that the points made in the lecture differ from those made in the reading.

第二篇：tpo綜合寫作26

綜合寫作26

Reading

The zebra mussel, a freshwater shellfish native to Eastern Europe, has long been spreading out from its original habitats and has now reached parts of North America.There are reasons to believe that this invasion cannot be stopped and that it poses a serious threat to freshwater fish populations in all of North America.First, the history of the zebra mussels’ spread suggests that the invasion might be unstoppable.It is a prime example of an invasion made possible by human transportation.From the zebra mussel’s original habitats in Eastern Europe, ships helped spread it out along new canals built to connect Europe’s waterways.The mussel can attach itself to a ship’s bottom or can survive in the water—called “ballast water“—that the ship needs to take on to properly balance its cargo.By the early nineteenth century, the mussel had spread to the whole of Europe.It was later carried to the east coast of North America in the ballast water of ships traveling from Europe.The way ships have spread the zebra mussel in the past strongly suggests that the species will soon colonize all of North America.Moreover, once zebra mussels are carried to a new habitat, they can dominate it.They are a hardy species that does well under a variety of conditions, and they have a high rate of reproduction.Most important, however, zebra mussels often have no predators in their new habitats, and species without natural predators are likely to dominate their habitats.Finally, zebra mussels are likely to cause a decline in the overall fish population in habitats where they become dominant.The mussels are plankton eaters, which mean that they compete for food with many freshwater fish species.Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they support/contradict specific points made in the reading passage.Listening

Narrator

Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.Professor

Contrary to what you just read, there are ways to control the zebra mussels’ spread.What's more, it is not so clear that the mussel is a serious threat to fish populations.True, the spread of zebra mussels couldn't be controlled in the past, but that's because people didn't have enough knowledge.In fact, there are effective ways to stop ships from carrying the mussels to new locations.Here's an

example.The way zebra mussels usually travel across the ocean is that a ship takes on some fresh ”ballast water" in Europe and then empties that water into American waterways when it arrives.Full of zebra mussels, but the ship can be required to empty out the freshwater and refill with ocean water while still out in the ocean.Saltwater will kill the mussels.Second, it's true that zebra mussels often don't have predators in their new habitats, but that's only in the beginning.What's been happening in Europe is that local aquatic birds sooner or later notice there's a new food source around and change their habits to exploit it.They switch from whatever they were eating before to eating zebra mussels.And birds can eat a lot of mussels.So zebra mussels aren't so likely to dominate their new habitats after all.Finally, even in habitats where zebra mussels become dominant, is the overall fish population likely to decrease.It's true that zebra mussels may have a negative impact on fish that eat plankton.But on other fish, they can have a positive impact.For example, the mussels generate nutrients that are eaten by fish that feed near the bottom of the lake or river.So bottom-feeding fish populations may increase, even if plankton-eating fish population decrease.一、閱讀聽力要點概括

Reading Passage

Main points: The invasion of zebra mussel to North America is unstoppable and puts a threat to freshwater fish.Sub point 1: History suggests invasion might be unstoppable.Sub point 2: Mussels can dominate their new habitat.Sub point 3: Mussel threats fish population after they dominate the area.Lecture

Attitude: Contrary.Unsure mussels’ threat to fish population.Sub Point 1: There are effective ways to stop mussels in today’s knowledge.(Salt water)

Sub Point 2: Birds can be predators and eat mussels.Sub Point 3: Bottom-feeding fish may increase while plankton-eating fish decrease but overall fish population only likely to decrease.Answers

二、范文逐段賞析

Paragraph 1

Contrary to what is argued in the passage, the lecture demonstrates how zebra mussels are not likely to become an imperative threat to freshwater fish populations in North America.此段功能：

(Listening passage后文提到用L代替)

(Reading passage后文用R代替)

以L的觀點為主要觀點，mussels不會對淡水魚群造成危害。首段一句話即確定全文邏輯為相反，contrary。

此段結構：

作者用一句話總結了全文討論的問題，并告訴大家全文邏輯為相反。極其單刀直入。大家發現論點很簡明時大可不必費心湊兩句話再起下一段。

Paragraph 2

First of all, recently uncovered knowledge of zebra mussel has shed light on new ways to prevent their invasion.Even though people in the past have not been able to stop the spread of zebra mussels, knowledge and technology may help abate their spread in the future.For example, although a large amount of zebra mussels spread to America by staying in the ballast water that is emptied halfway on the journey across the Atlantic and replenished with sea water, the zebra mussels can be exterminated as soon as they are directly exposed to salt water.此段功能：

以L的觀點起頭，談sub topic 1，說明現代科技相比舊時代科技有機會阻止mussels spreading.隨后舉聽力中的具體例子為證明。

此段結構：

此段為總分結構。第一句陳述L的觀點(可以阻止spreading)，第二句陳述R中的事實(過去的人確實未能阻止mussel spreading)，第三句呈現L中的事實(咸水可以消滅mussels)反駁R中的事實。

Paragraph 3

Furthermore, zebra mussels do not often dominate a new habitat for a long period of time.The lecture agrees that although zebra mussels may have no predators and reproduce rapidly in the beginning, it would not be long before predators take notice of this new source of food, and develop a taste for it, thus preventing its domination.此段功能：

還是以L觀點出發，談sub topic 2, 說明mussels不會經常統治它的棲息地。L中同意短時期內mussels沒有天敵，但沒過多久掠食者就會發現這些新的美味從而結束mussels的統治。

此段結構：

總分結構。第一句總結L觀點說明mussels完全統治是不成立的。第二句陳列L中同意R的證據。第三句陳列L反駁R的補充理由證據。

Paragraph 4

Finally, zebra mussels alone would not cause the decline of overall fish populations.Although zebra mussels may perhaps cause the decline of plankton eaters, as the passage suggests, they would also provide nutrients for bottom-feeding fish and ultimately cause the population of those fish to increase.此段功能：

討論sub topic 3, 說明mussels不會造成總體魚群數量的下降。L說雖然他同意R的觀點(mussels造成plankton eaters下降)，但是伴隨而來的bottom-feeding fish的數量上升從而導致總體魚群數量上身。

此段結構：

總分結構。第一句總結L觀點。第二句依然是陳列L同意R部分的證據。隨后第三句陳列L中補充的證據來反駁R的觀點。

三、范文全篇總評

1、邏輯結構

全文遵從總分結構，開頭段直接一句話總結+邏輯，展開全文反駁基調。隨后三段依照3個分論點依次展開。在分論點的論證中，作者闡明了L的態度，先小幅度同意R的觀點，隨即立刻補充新證據，反駁R的觀點。作者利用R的證據，補充新證據后證明了R原來觀點的片面性，從而達到一一駁倒的效果。

2、語言表達

全文十分緊湊，并啟用了一些新詞語賦予色彩。

其中值得借鑒的詞語和句式有：

1.Recently uncovered knowledge of zebra mussel has shed light on new ways to prevent their invasion

Recently uncovered:最近新發現的

/Newly discovered/ It is recently found out/

Shed light on: 給與了希望

/Shown/ Given/ Illuminated

2.The lecture agrees although………….(R的觀點)………..，….…(L的觀點會抵消R的觀點)….。

3.Ultimately：最終的，終極的

/Finally/ At last/ In the end/ After all/

Ultimately, the success of his company depends on good marketing.

第三篇：TPO獨立寫作題目

1.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? At universities and colleges, sports and social activities are just as important as classes and libraries and should receive equal financial support.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.2.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Always telling the truth is the most important consideration in any relationship between people.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.3.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important to keep your old friends than it is to make new friends.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.4.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In twenty years there will be fewer cars in use than there are today.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.5.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People today spend too much time on personal enjoyment-doing things they like to do-rather than doing things they should do.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.6.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Life today is easier and more comfortable than it was when your grandparents were children.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.7.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important for students to understand ideas and concepts than it is for them to learn facts.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.8.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television advertising directed towards young children(aged two to five)should not be allowed.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.9.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Technology has made children less creative than they were in the past.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.10.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Playing computer games is a waste of time.Children should not be allowed to play them.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.11.Some people say that the Internet provides people with a lot of valuable information.Others think access too much information creates problems.Which view do you agree with? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.12.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to have broad knowledge of many academic subjects than to specialize in one specific subject.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.13.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The extended family(grandparents, cousins, aunts, and uncles)is less important now than it was in the past.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.14.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People benefit more from traveling in their own country than from traveling to foreign countries.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.15.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In order to become financially responsible adults, children should learn to manage their own money at young age.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.16.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The best way to travel is in a group led by a tour guide.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.17.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Most advertisements make products seem much better than they really are.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.18.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Students are more influenced by their teachers than by their friends.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.19.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In order to be well-informed, a person must get information from many different news resources.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.20.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Successful people try new things and take risks rather than only doing what they know how to do well.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.21.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? For success in a future job, the ability to relate well to people is more important than studying hard in school.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.22.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teachers should not make their social or political views known to students in the classroom.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.23.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In today’s world, it is more important to work quickly and risk making mistakes than to work slowly and make sure that everything is correct.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.24.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? One of the best ways that parents can help their teenage children prepare for adult life is to encourage them to take a part-time job.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

第四篇：TPO 獨立寫作題目

1.At the universities and colleges, sports and social activities are just as important as classes

and libraries and should receive equal financial support.2.Always telling the truth is the most important consideration in any relationship between

people.3.It is more important to keep your old friends than it is to make new friends.4.In twenty years there will be fewer cars in use than there are today.5.People today spend too much time on personal enjoyment—doing things like to do—rather

than doing things they should do.6.Life today is easier and more comfortable than it was when your grandparents were

children.7.It is more important for students to understand ideas and concepts than it is for them to

learn facts.8.Television advertising directed toward young children(aged two to five)should not be

allowed.9.Technology has made children less creative than they were in the past.10.Playing computer games is a waste of time.Children should not be allowed to play them.11.Some people say that the internet provides people with a lot of valuable information.Others

think access to so much information creates problems.Which view do you agree with?

12.It is better to have broad knowledge of many academic subjects than to specialize in one

specific subject.13.The extended family(grandparents, cousins, aunts, and uncles)is less important now than it

was in the past.14.People benefit more from traveling in their own country than from traveling to foreign

countries.15.In order to become financially responsible adults, children should learn to manage their own

money at a young age.16.The best way to travel is in a group led by a your guide.17.Most advertisements make products seem much better than they really are.18.Students are more influenced by their teachers than by their friends.19.In order to be well-informed, a person must get information from many different news

sources.20.Successful people try new things and take risks rather than doing what they already know

how to do well.21.For success in a future job, the ability to relate well to people is more important than

studying hard in school.22.Students are more influenced by their teachers than by their friends.23.In today's world, it's more important to work quickly and risk making mistakes than to work

slowly and make sure that everything is correct.24.One of the best way that parents can help their teenage children prepare for their adult life

to encourage them to take a part-time job.

第五篇：穿衣TPO原則

穿衣TPO原則

2008年12月09日 星期二 下午 2:56 “tpo”原則，即著裝要考慮到時間“time”、地點“place”、場合“Occasion”。

總的說業，著裝要規范、得體，就要牢記并嚴守TPO原則。TPO原則，是有關服飾禮儀的基本原則之一。其中的T、P、O三個字母，分別是英文時間、地點、目的這三個單詞的縮寫。它的含義，是要求人們在選擇服裝、考慮其具體款式時，首先應當兼顧時間、地點、目的，并應力求使自己的著裝及其具體款式與著裝的時間、地點、目的協調一致，較為和諧般配。

（1）時間

從時間上講，一年有春、夏、秋、冬四季的交替，一天有24小時變化，顯而易見，在不同的時間里，著裝的類別、式樣、造型應因此而有所變化。比如，冬天要穿保暖、御寒的冬裝，夏天要穿通氣、吸汗、涼爽的夏裝。白天穿的衣服需要面對他人，應當合身、嚴謹；晚上穿的衣服不為外人所見，應當寬大、隨意，等等。

（2）地點

從地點上講，置身在室內或室外，駐足于鬧市或鄉村，停留在國內或國外，身處于單位或家中，在這些變化不同的地點，著裝的款式理當有所不同，切不可以不變而應萬變。例如，穿泳裝出現在海濱、浴場，是人們司空見慣的；但若是穿著它去上班、逛街，則非令人嘩然不可。在國內，一位少女只要愿意，隨時可以穿小背心、超短裙，但她若是以這身行頭出現在著裝保守的阿拉伯國家，就顯得有些不尊重當地人了。

（3）目的 從目的上講，人們的著裝往往體現著其一定的意愿。即自己對著裝留給他人的印象如何，是有一定預期的。著裝應適應自己扮演的社會角色，而不講其目的性，在現代社會中是不大可能的。服裝的款式在表現服裝的目的性方面發揮著一定的作用。自尊，還是敬人；頹廢，還是消沉；放肆，還是囂張，你的穿著打扮必須和考慮是什么季節、什么特定的時間，比如說工作時間、娛樂時間、社交時間等；必須考慮到要去的目的地、場合。工作場合需要工作裝，社交場合穿正裝。還有就是要考慮到你的目的性。比如為了表達自己悲傷的心情，可以穿著穿深色、灰色的衣服。等等；俱可由此得知。一個人身著款式莊重的服裝前去應聘新職、洽談生意，說明他鄭重其事、渴望成功。而在這類場合，若選擇款式暴露、性感的服裝，則表示自視甚高，對求職、生意的重視，遠遠不及對其本人的重視。

“云想衣裳花想容”，相對于偏于穩重單調的男士著裝，女士們的著裝則亮麗豐富得多。得體的穿著，不僅可以顯得更加美麗，還可以體現出一個現代文明人良好的修養和獨到的品位。

著裝的TOP 原則

TOP是三個英語單詞的縮寫，它們分別代表時間（Time）、場合（Occasion）和地點（Place），即著裝應該與當時的時間、所處的場合和地點相協調。

時間原則 不同時段的著裝規則對女士尤其重要。男士有一套質地上乘的深色西裝或中山裝足以包打天下，而女士的著裝則要隨時間而變換。白天工作時，女士應穿著正式套裝，以體現專業性；晚上出席雞尾酒會就須多加一些修飾，如換一雙高跟鞋，戴上有光澤的佩飾，圍一條漂亮的絲巾；服裝的選擇還要適合季節氣候特點，保持與潮流大勢同步。

場合原則 衣著要與場合協調。與顧客會談、參加正式會議等，衣著應莊重考究；聽音樂會或看芭蕾舞，則應按慣例著正裝；出席正式宴會時，則應穿中國的傳統旗袍或西方的長裙晚禮服；而在朋友聚會、郊游等場合，著裝應輕便舒適。試想一下，如果大家都穿便裝，你卻穿禮服就有欠輕松；同樣的，如果以便裝出席正式宴會，不但是對宴會主人的不尊重，也會令自己頗覺尷尬。

地點原則 在自己家里接待客人，可以穿著舒適但整潔的休閑服；如果是去公司或單位拜訪，穿職業套裝會顯得專業；外出時要顧及當地的傳統和風俗習慣，如去教堂或寺廟等場所，不能穿過露或過短的服裝。

職業女性著裝四講究

整潔平整 服裝并非一定要高檔華貴，但須保持清潔，并熨燙平整，穿起來就能大方得體，顯得精神煥發。整潔并不完全為了自己，更是尊重他人的需要，這是良好儀態的第一要務。

色彩技巧 不同色彩會給人不同的感受，如深色或冷色調的服裝讓人產生視覺上的收縮感，顯得莊重嚴肅；而淺色或暖色調的服裝會有擴張感，使人顯得輕松活潑。因此，可以根據不同需要進行選擇和搭配。

配套齊全 除了主體衣服之外，鞋襪手套等的搭配也要多加考究。如襪子以透明近似膚色或與服裝顏色協調為好，帶有大花紋的襪子不能登大雅之堂。正式、莊重的場合不宜穿涼鞋或靴子，黑色皮鞋是適用最廣的，可以和任何服裝相配。

飾物點綴 巧妙地佩戴飾品能夠起到畫龍點睛的作用，給女士們增添色彩。