第一篇：外文國外食品安全專題數據庫

Overseas Food Safety Database in English 《外文國外食品安全專題數據庫》

(OFSDE)《外文國外食品安全專題數據庫》就是針對現階段食品安全管理的迫切形勢而制作。該庫全方位收錄了國外食品安全管理的優秀文獻，是國外最前沿的食品管理文獻數據庫。涵蓋了食品注冊認證、食品標準、食品技術鑒定、食品監督、食品質量、食品污染等等有關食品安全管理的程序、步驟、措施、方法。內容全面豐富，資料可信科學。

該庫收錄有關國外食品安全管理的期刊、非期刊文獻，來源150種以上，都是國外政府、國際行業組織、期刊雜志社的優秀論文，包含了美歐澳日等國食品安全管理研究的各個領域和層次；其所收錄文章的論點新穎深刻，論據合理生動，論證科學嚴謹，具有很高的研究和借鑒價值。該庫不僅包含學術論文，還包括相關學術會議綜述和成果紀錄，緊跟學術領域的最新發展狀況，時效性和實用性很強。界面全英文顯示，純外文數據向用戶提供了最為準確翔實的資料。該庫的突出特點是數據量大、分類詳細、檢索方便。提供高級和初級兩種檢索方式，讀者可以通過篇名、作者、年代及摘要、正文關鍵字等各種方式實現查詢檢索。該庫的收集整理制作填補了目前國內有關外文食品安全管理數據領域的空白，是各食品生產加工、貿易企業、食品檢驗檢疫機構等部門，適應我國加入WTO的需要，學習與借鑒國外食品安全管理先進經驗的最有價值的工具，是理論研究和實際管理的重要參考數據。

【主要內容】：

共分為21個大類，收集最新外文期刊、非期刊共7.2萬篇。

1、食品注冊和認證： 包括食品GMP認證、HACCP認證、有機食品認證、無公害食品認證、綠色食品認證、有機食品認證程序和流程圖、認證認可工作法律體系、管理體系、制度體系．．．．．．

2、食品監督： 包括食品生產許可證監督管理、食品加工企業質量安全監督、農產品監督．．．．．．

3、食品標準：收錄了西方主要國家及國際組織有關食品安全的標準、技術規范及論著。收錄的國際組織主要有世界糧農組織（FAO）、世界衛生組織（WHO）及國際食品法典委員會（CAC）、世界經濟合作與發展組織（OECD）、新物種保護協會（UPOV）、國際科協（ICSU）等；收錄的主要發達國家包括美國、加拿大、墨西哥、澳大利亞、新西蘭、日本、歐盟及歐盟成員國，如英國、愛爾蘭、丹麥、匈牙利等；包括了食品衛生標準、食品包裝保準、食品專業標準、食品添加劑標準、食品工業相關標準、無公害食品標準、綠色食品標準、有機食品標準、食品檢驗方法標準．．．．．．

4、食品鑒定：包括食品鑒定的依據、轉基因食品鑒定、糧油類食品鑒定方法、干菜類制品鑒別方法、水產品鑒別、保健品食品鑒別方法．．．．．．

5、食品分析方法： 食品原材料的理化分析方法、食品分析方法的原理、基本操作、數理分析與處理．．．．．．

6、食品成分：主要來源為Journal of Composition and Analysis ,Council Regulation(EEC),Pharmaceutical Reference Guide ,Glycobiology Resource ,Food Texture Handbook ,Rheology Handbook, Polysaccharide Reference from C.H.I.P.S.等；

7、食品分類：分為以下兩部分

——生物分類：從生物分類學的角度介紹了一些食物：貽貝、蚌類、江鱒魚、鮭于魚、小龍蝦、殺丁魚等．．．．．．

——功能分類：著重介紹了：運動營養學、植物化學功能食品、人類健康需要的硬化食品增補劑、天然食品等．．．．．．

8、功能食品：包括功能食品產業發展、功能食品功能因子研究、功能食品的研發、功能食品的功能學測定、功能性食品．．．．．．

9、食品添加劑：包括食品添加劑標準、食品添加劑的作用、食品添加劑分類、酸度調節劑、抗結劑、消泡劑、抗氧化劑、膨松劑、著色劑、護色劑、酶制劑、增味劑、營養強化劑、防腐劑、甜味劑、水分保持劑．．．．．．

10、動物飼料：包括動物飼料添加劑、微生物在動物飼料中的應用．．．．．．

11、特殊食用用途：包括動物飼料添加劑、微生物在動物飼料中的應用．．．．．．

12、食品質量：分為以下幾部分

——食品質量檢驗方法：包括食品質量檢驗的技術和方法、食品良好操作規范(GMP)、食品衛生標準操作規范(SSOP)、食品危害分析與關鍵點控制系列、質量管理體系標準與認證．．．．．．——質量保證： 包括食品質量控制；食品質量保持；食品從業人員健康檢查、食品生產企業建筑設計衛生要求．．．．．．

——質量影響因素： 包括蛋白質食品加工質量影響因素、食品質量決策、食品安全質量管理、食品工業全面質量管理．．．．．．

13、食品效應：分為以下幾部分

——經濟效應：包括農業經濟學中涉及的食品經濟效應、先進的農業技術提高食品產量、墨西哥乳汁品的需求等內容．——環境效益：化肥農藥的大量投入，農業自身面臨污染對環境的負面影響，闡述了美國、德國、挪威、意大利、委內瑞拉、尼日利亞等國家的情況．——健康效應： 主要的文章包括木糖醇對力密切相關等有關食品對健康的影響．．——營養效應： 波蘭中東部補充維他命和礦物質的效果、科威特關于母奶和母奶替代品的比較研究等文章，包括美國、日本、法國等國的專家就食品補充營養的方面做闡述．

14、食品污染：分為以下幾部分

——食品安全風險評估： 日本、瑞士、挪威、阿根廷、美國、愛爾蘭等國家的食品安全風險評估體系．．．．．．

——食品污染標準： 包括細菌性污染標準、真菌毒素污染標準、病毒性污染標準、寄生蟲標準、農藥污染標準，涉及馬來群島、美國日本等國家和地區的分類標準．——食品污染防范和控制： 包括食品環境污染防范、食品添加劑防范、食品中致癌防癌因素的防范和控制、食品污染分析的發展情況等方面．——食品安全能力建設： 包括美國、英國等國家的有關食品安全能力建設方面的內容，比如：牛奶產品的安全、牛肉屠宰過程中的衛生安全等方面的建設．

15、危害分析：分為以下幾部分

——化學危害：包括化學危害的控制、天然化學物質危害、有意加入的化學物質的危害、偶然加入的化學物質的危害、農用化學物質危害、公用化學物質危害．——食品相關疾病： 包括不合理營養與疾病、——食品衛生和動物疾?。喊▌游锸称沸l生檢驗、人畜共患疾病防治、動物疾病防治、動物保健食品．．．．．．

16、食品生產和消費：分為以下幾部分

——食品生產：介紹了非洲、美國、英國等國家和地區的玉米、水稻、馬鈴薯、蔬菜等的生產情況和技術情況．．．．．．

——食品消費：包括超市的食品供應、（日本、德國、美國）食品產業新動態、中國有關食品的消費等方面．．．．．．

(HACCP)印度谷類價格穩定性評估、．．．．．．．．．II型糖尿病具有降糖作用、營養成分與機體免疫

．．．．．

食品結構與疾病、營養與食品衛生安全．ISO9000質量保證標準采用更

．．．．． ．．．．．

．．． ．．．．． ．．．．． 和

．

．．．．．．

——食品生產體系組成：美國、中國、加拿大等國家的有機食品、蔬菜生產、無污染綠色食品生產體系．．．．．．

——消費者教育：主要介紹了歐洲、日本、美國的一些情況．．．．．．

17、有害物防治：分為以下幾部分

——有害物報告：涉及二肽酶、氨基肽酶、磷酸化酶北美、歐洲的庫蚊屬類帶的桿腸菌等．．．．．．

——有害物防治方法：農業防治措施、物理防治措施、生物防治措施等，涉及日本、美國、加拿大等國家．．．．．．

——有害物防治方法管理體系：殺蟲劑控制的法律規定等，涉及的國家包括日本、美國等．．．．．．

18、生物技術：包括轉基因生物技術、基因工程與食品產業、細胞工程與食品產業、酶工程與食品產業、蛋白質工程與食品產業、代生物技術與食品安全．

19、食品技術法規：包括與國際接軌的技術法規、有機食品技術規范、蔬菜技術法規、保健食品技術工藝．．．．．．20、與WTO有關的協議：主要涉及WTO成員國的一些國家，香蕉、蔬菜等方面的協議．【來

源】：該庫數據來源豐富，包括主頁，都是研究了解食品安全的權威機構如下：Abg.at Access.gpo.gov Afaa.com.au Agr.gov.sk.ca Agri.ee Agribusinessonline.com Agric.nsw.gov.au Alliance-natural-health.org Ams.usda.gov Animal Feed Science Technology Anzfa.gov.au Asas.org Bfr.bund.de Bioline.org.br Bioresource Technology Bookstore.myift.org Bseinquiry.gov.uk Canexplore.gc.ca Cao.go.jp Carbohydrate Polymers Cfsan.fda.gov Chipsbooks.com Codexalimentarius.net

發酵工程與食品產業、．．．．

像美國、澳大利亞、．．．．． 150多個國家級站點、電子期刊和一些大學的院系

Cooking.houseonahill.net Corrado.emeraldinsight.com Defra.gov.uk Domino.un.org Edis.ifas.ufl.edu Efsa.eu.int En.gmo.hr Europa.eu.int Fao.org

and

Fao.orgadajournal.org Fda.gov Firstgov.gov

Food and Chemical Toxicology Food Control Food Microbiology Food Policy

Food Quality and Preference Food Research International Food Science and Technology Food.gov.uk Foodlaw.rdg.ac.uk Foodprotection.org Foodsafetyforum.org Foodstandards.gov.au

食品生物工程下游技術以及現日本等關于牛、柑橘、Freshquality.org Fsa.usda.gov Fsai.ie Fsis.usda.gov Fst.vt.edu Fvm.hu

Grainscanada.gc.ca Health.gov Hmso.gov.uk Icsu.org Ifpri.org Inchem.org

Industrial Crops & Products Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies Inspection.gc.ca

International Dairy Journal International Journal of Food Microbiology International Journal

of

Refrigeration Iso.ch Japanfood.se

Journal of Cereal Science

．

墨西哥、Journal of Food Composition and Ocio.usda.gov Analysis

Odin.dep.no Journal of Food Engineering Oecd.org Journal of the American Dietetic Osec.ch Association Pharmacos.eudra.org Law.cornell.edu Postharvest Biology Lebensmittel.org Technology Lst.min.dk Pwgsc.gc.ca Maff.go.jp Rirdc.gov.au Mla.com.au Rma.usda.gov Mszt.hu Search.ncat.org Nlbc.go.jp

Search.scotland.gov.uk Nutraceuticalsworld.com Sice.oas.org Nutrition.org Sjv.se Nzfsa.govt.nz Teagasc.ie Oaspub.epa.gov

International

Food 【語

種】英語（ENGLISH）

【檢索方式】分高級檢索和初級檢索兩種方式。讀者可以通過標題、作者、篇名、年代及摘要、正文關鍵字等方式實現全文檢索?！緮祿愋汀咳臄祿?。文件格式為PDF。

【數據資源】收錄自1990年起，主要收集1998年至今的新數據。數據量達到Agribusiness Management

Review

Trends in Food Science & Technology Unece.org and

Upov.int Usask.ca Usda.gov Usmef.org Uvm.edu Who.int

Wiganmbc.gov.uk World-food.net York.gov.uk

and

7.2萬篇。

第二篇：外文數據庫實習題目

外文數據庫實習題目

一、請根據所學外文數據庫，回答以下問題：

1．以下哪些數據庫與經濟管理學科有關____________。

A、Elsevier SD；B、Emerald ；C、EBSCO ；D、Springer

2．下列哪些數據庫中，提供了文獻定制功能（如aletrs。

A、Elsevier；B、EBSCO；C、Springer；D、Emerald

3.下列哪些數據庫可以檢索到全文文獻。

A、Elsevier；B、EBSCO；C、Springer；D、SCI

二、登陸EBSCO數據庫，完成以下任務：

1、檢索期刊名稱為：“Harvard Business Review”（哈佛商業評論）的期刊，并在該刊中檢索有關題名中含有“market”（市場）的期刊文章1篇，列出篇名、作者、出處（刊物名稱、卷期）。

三、請登錄“ScienceDirect”數據庫，并完成以下任務：

1、查看刊名為“Economic Systems”年開始。

2、查出2002-2006年文章篇名中包含“labor income”一詞的論文有篇。

四、請登錄“Engineering Village”數據庫，完成以下任務：

1、請檢索2010-2011有關題名中包含“computer network”和“internet”的文獻有多少？

2、請將檢索結果中的2011結果以文摘的結果按“Plain text format(ASCII)”形式導出。

☆☆實習報告要求：

（1）、格式：以PPT的形式制作實習報告結果；名字為“中文數據庫實習報告”；

（2）、每道題目請寫出檢索表達式和主要的檢索步驟，并標注題號；

（3）、對本次檢索方法、過程和結果的自我評價；

（4）、每個小組成員的chief和組員的姓名、學號、班級。

第三篇：食品安全外文文獻

Food safety is affected by the decisions of producers, processors, distributors, food service operators, and consumers, as well as by government regulations.In developed countries, the demand for higher levels of food safety has led to the implementation of regulatory programs that address more types of safety-related attributes(such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy(BSE), microbial pathogens, environmental contaminants, and animal drug and pesticide residues)and impose stricter standards for those attributes.They also further prescribe how safety is to be assured and communicated.Liability systems are another form of regulation that affect who bears responsibility when food safety breaks down.These regulatory programs are intended to improve public health by controlling the quality of the domestic food supply and the increasing flow of imported food products from countries around the world.Common to the adoption of new regulations by developed countries is the application of risk analysis principles.Under these principles, and in line with the World Trade Organization’s(WTO’s)Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures(SPS Agreement), countries should base their regulatory actions on scientific risk assessment.In addition, a country should be able to clearly link its targeted level of protection, based on a scientifically assessed risk level, to its regulatory goals and, in turn, to its standards and inspection systems.Finally, the risk management options chosen should restrict trade as little as possible.Despite similarities in approach among developed countries, to date they have made only mixed progress toward aligning their regulatory requirements.Countries are struggling with the task of identifying key risk issues and choosing regulatory programs to control those risks.They emphasize different risks, apply different levels of precaution, and choose different regulatory approaches.The regulatory systems of countries are a mix of old laws and newer regulations that frequently do not apply consistent standards across products, risks, or countries of origin.Finally, countries may be tempted to use food safety regulations as a means of protecting domestic industries from foreign competition.These features of food safety regulation in developed countries have several implications for developing countries.First, they determine access to growing markets for food exports, particularly high-value fresh commodities such as those discussed in other briefs in this collection.When standards differ, this can create additional barriers for developingcountry exporters.Second, these features determine the issues that will be addressed in international forums, such as the Codex Alimentarius Commission.Third, they create expectations among developing-country consumers regarding acceptable levels of safety and set examples for emerging regulations in developing-country food systems.This brief reviews emerging regulatory approaches and the implications for developing countries.REGULATORY APPROACHES Countries regulate food safety through the use of process, product(performance), or information standards.Process standards specify how the product should be produced.For example, Good Manufacturing Practices specify in-plant design, sanitation, and operation standards.Product(performance)standards require that final products have specific characteristics.An example is the specification of a maximum microbial pathogen load for fresh meats and poultry.Finally, information standards specify the types of labeling or other communication that must accompany products.While these categories provide a neat breakdown, in practice most countries use a combination of approaches to regulate any particular food safety risk.For example, specifications for acceptable in-plant operations may be backed up with final product testing to monitor and verify the success of safety assurance programs.Labeling that instructs final consumers on proper food handling techniques may further back up these systems.MAJOR REGULATORY TRENDS IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES ? Stronger public health and consumer welfare emphasis in decisions by regulatory agencies.The increasing use of the risk analysis framework for regulatory decision-making focuses attention on the effective control of public health risks as the ultimate goal of regulations, rather than intermediate steps such as assuring that accepted practices are used in production.This in turn leads to a focus on the food supply chain, on identifying where hazards are introduced into it, and on determining where those hazards can be controlled most cost effectively in the chain.This approach is referred to as “farm to table” or “farm to fork” analysis.When the supply chain extends across international borders, risk analysis may encompass farm or processing practices in developing countries.? Adoption of more stringent safety standards, with a broader scope of standards.Food safety standards are becoming more stringent in developed countries on two fronts.First, in many cases food safety attributes that were previously regulated are being held to more precise and stringent standards.For example, rather than assuring meat product safety simply through process standards, those products may be required to meet specific pathogen load standards for E.coli or Salmonella.Similarly, tolerances for aflatoxin may be lowered as more information and better testing become readily available.Second, the scope of standards is broadening, as new risks become known.For example, the European Union, the United States, and other countries have instituted strict feeding restrictions to avoid the spread of BSE in cattle.In addition, the European Union has recently established a regulatory program to control human exposure to dioxins through the food supply.These evolving standards create continuing challenges for producers and regulatory agencies in exporting countries.? Adoption of the HACCP approach to assuring safety.During the 1990s, developed countries made a strong shift toward requiring the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point(HACCP)approach to assuring food safety.Under HACCP, companies are responsible for analyzing how hazards such as food-borne pathogens may enter the product, establishing effective control points for those hazards, and monitoring and updating the system to assure high levels of food safety.These HACCP systems are usually predicated on the processing plant having an adequate system of sanitary operating procedures already in place.HACCP does not prescribe specific actions to be taken in a plant: the company chooses its methods for controlling hazards.HACCP systems make clear that the central responsibility for assuring safety belongs to a company;the regulator’s job is often shifted from one of direct inspection to providing oversight for the company’s operation of its HACCP plan.Since HACCP is primarily a process standard for company-level activity, inspection to assure compliance is challenging for imported products coming from plants in other countries.Some countries, such as those in the European Union, have mandated HACCP for all levels of the food supply chain, while others such as the United States have mandated it for specific sectors(meat slaughter and processing, for example).? Adoption of hybrid regulatory systems.Mandatory HACCP may be combined with performance standards for finished products.The performance standards(a minimum incidence of Salmonella in finished products, for example)provide a check on whether the HACCP plan is performing adequately.The increased use of performance standards has been facilitated by the development of more accurate and speedier testing procedures, particularly for pathogens.Eventually such tests may make it easier for exporters to demonstrate and verify a particular level of safety.食品安全受生產者、加工者、經銷商、餐飲服務經營者決策的影響，也受到消費者和政府法規的影響。在發達國家，對更高水平的食品安全的需求導致監管的程序需要處理更多類型的與安全相關的屬性（如牛海綿狀腦病(BSE)、病原微生物、環境污染物和動物的藥物和農藥殘留）并且執行施加更嚴格的標準。他們還進一步規定安全是如何被確保和傳達的。責任制度是當食品安全發生問題的時候誰負有責任的另一種管理形式。這些監管程序旨在通過控制國內糧食供應量和不斷增加來自世界各地的進口食品來改善公共衛生。風險分析原理是由發達國家共同通過的新條例的應用。根據符合《世界貿易組織協定》和《 實施動植物衛生檢疫措施的協議》（SPS 協定）這些原則，國家應該以監管行為為基礎進行科學的風險評估。此外，一個國家應當有能力在其科學的風險的評估的基礎上，明確將其對產品的保護能力與其制定標準和檢查系統聯系起來，進而達到其監管目的。最后，選擇風險管理方案應該盡可能減少貿易。到目前為止，在發達國家采取了相似的方法，在調整他們的監管要求方面取得了一定的進展。各個國家都在努力確定風險問題的關鍵，并且選擇相應的監管程序來控制這些風險。他們強調不同的風險，需要運用不同等級的預防措施，也需要選擇不同的監管方法。國家的監管制度混合了舊的法律和新的法規，通常不適用于貫穿產品、風險或原籍國的標準。最后，國家可能會使用食品安全法規作為保護國內工業免受外國競爭的一種手段。發達國家食品安全監管的這些特點對發展中國家的食品安全監管有多方面的啟示。首先，他們決定增長食品出口市場，特別是高價值新鮮的商品，在此集合中與其他概要一起討論。當標準不同時，就可以為發展中國家出口制造更多的障礙。其次，這些特征決定了在食品法典委員會等國際論壇將討論的問題。第三，他們在發展中國家糧食系統中創建發展中國家消費者關于可接受水平的安全和新興規章設定的舉例寄予了厚望。這個概要回顧了新興的監管方式及對發展中國家的影響。監管辦法：各國通過使用流程、產品（性能）或信息標準規范食品安全。工藝標準規定如何生產產品。例如，良好的生產規范中規定了工廠的設計，衛生和操作標準。產品（性能）標準要求最終產品要有特定的特性。一個例子就是一個最大的微生物病原體負載的新鮮肉類和家禽的規范。最后，信息標準指定的標簽，必須伴隨著產品類型的其他交流。雖然這些類別為靈活的故障作好了準備，但是在實踐中大多數的國家都會使用各種方法的組合來控制特定食品安全的風險。例如，工廠運營中的規范可能得到最終產品的測試，一次來監測和核查安全保證項目的成功。標簽的指示最終會使消費者對正確的食物處理技術系統進行進一步的支持。主要所監管的趨勢都在發達國家，強有力的公眾健康和消費者福利重點，是由監管機構所決定的。監管監管決策的風險分析框架越來越多地使用，增加關注的公共衛生風險的有效控制才是制度的終極目標，而不是像用于被確保用于生產地做法這種中間步驟。這反過來導致焦點在食品供應鏈中，它有被確定的危害，并確定在哪里可以最控制這些危險成本并且有效地在供應鏈中。這種方法稱為“農場到餐桌”或“農場到餐桌”分析。當供應鏈延伸跨越國屆的時候，包括農場或處理做法的風險分析可能會在發展中國家。? 采用更嚴格的安全標準，具有更廣泛的標準范圍。發達國家的食品安全標準日趨變得更加嚴格。首先，在許多情況下以前是如何規定食品安全的屬性被提升至到更精確和更嚴格的標準。舉個例子，不是確保肉類產品安全只是通過程序標準，而是這些產品可能需要滿足特定病原體荷載標準為大腸桿菌或沙門氏菌。同樣，隨著更多的信息和更好的檢測變得隨時可用，就一降低堆黃曲霉毒素的公差。其次，因為新的風險變得已知，標準的范圍正在擴大。例如，歐洲聯盟、美國和其他國家制定了嚴格的飼養限制，以避免瘋牛病傳播。此外，歐洲聯盟最近成立一個監管的程序來控制人類通過食品供應所接觸的二惡英（化學污染物）。這些不斷發展的標準為生產國和出口國的管理機構創造持續的挑戰。? 通過 HACCP 方法保證安全。在上世紀90年代，發達國家作出強烈轉向要求保證食品安全的危害分析關鍵控制點(HACCP)方法。按照 HACCP，公司負責分析如何把食源性致病菌危害盡可能輸入產品，有效的控制要點和監測和更新系統，以保證高水平的食品安全。這些 HACCP 系統通常取決于加工廠有適當的到位的衛生操作程序制度。HACCP并沒有規定所采取的設備具體的行動，公司選擇其控制危害的方法。HACCP 系統明確保證安全中心責任屬于公司；從直接檢驗之上，監管機構的工作經常被轉移到監督為公司的操作提供其 HACCP 計劃。由于 HACCP是以公司活動級別的過程主要標準，檢查以確保來自工廠的其他國家的進口產品遵從法規，是具有挑戰性的。一些國家，例如在歐洲聯盟，有授權 HACCP 為各級食品供應鏈，而其他如美國是授權具體門（例如，肉類屠宰和加工）。? 通過混合監管系統。強制性HACCP可能結合成品性能標準。性能標準（例如，在成品沙門氏菌的發生率最低）的提供對 HACCP 計劃是否充分執行進行了檢查。通過更準確和更快的測試程序，特別是對病原菌的發展促進了增加的使用性能標準。最終這種測試可能方便出口商證明和核實特定級別的安全。

第四篇：外文期刊數據庫資料調研

外文期刊數據庫

【正題名】: Preparation and tribological properties of nanometer magnesium borate as lubricating oil additive

【作者】: Z.S.Hu;R.Lai;F.Lou;L.G.Wang;Z.L.Chen;G.X.Chen;J.X.Dong

【刊名】: Wear

【年卷期】: 2002, vol.252, no.5-6

【出版年】: 2002

【ISSN】: 0043-1648

【頁碼】: p.370-374

【分類號】: TH117

【關鍵詞】: Nanoparticle;Magnesium borate;Tribology

【正文語種】: eng

【文摘】:Nanoparticle magnesium borate with a particle size of about 10 nm was prepared using ethanol supercritical fluid drying technique and was characterized with TEM, XRD and X-ray small angle scattering.Tribological properties of the nanoparticle magnesium borate, using as lubricating oil additive, were evaluated using a four-ball and a block-on-ring tribotester.The wear scar was characterized with SEM and XPS.Results indicate that the wear resistance and load carrying capacity of the 500 SN base oil were improved and the friction coefficient of the oil was decreased by the additive.FeB were formed on sliding surface.【正題名】: Synthesis and tribological properties of ferrous octoxyborate as antiwearand friction-reducing additive of lubricating oil

【作者】: Z.S.Hu;Y.Yie;L.G.Wang;G.X.Chen;J.X.Dong

【刊名】: Tribology letters

【年卷期】: 2000, vol.8, no.1

【出版年】: 2000

【ISSN】: 1023-8883

【頁碼】: p.45-50

【分類號】: TH117

【關鍵詞】: Synthesis;Ferrous octoxyborate;Tribology;Boron-containing compound

【正文語種】: eng

【文摘】:An oil-soluble compound containing ferrous iron and boron-ferrousoctoxyborate was synthesized.The antiwear and friction-reducing properties of the compound as alubricating oil additive were evaluated using a four-ball and a block-on-ring tribotester.Results indicated that both the wear resistance and the load-carrying capacity of a 500 SN base oil were improved and its friction coefficient was decreased by the additive.The wear scar, alter being cleaned using an ultrasonic bath in ligroin and in distilled water, was characterized with SEM and XPS.Diboron trioxide, FeB and Fe{sub}2B were all found to have been deposited on the wear-scar surface.It was this deposition that provided the oil with excellent antiwear and friction-reducingproperties.【正題名】: Preparation of magnesium borate succinimide and its characteristics as alubricating oil additive

【作者】: Yonggang Shi;Junxiu Dong

【刊名】: Lubrication Science

【年卷期】: 2000, vol.12, no.4

【出版年】: 2000

【ISSN】: 0954-0075

【頁碼】: p.357-361

【分類號】: TH117

【關鍵詞】: Succinimide;Magnesium borate;Antioxidant;Acid neutralisation;Antifriction;Antiwear;Lubricating oils;Chemistry

【正文語種】: eng

【文摘】:Succinimide has for a long time been widely used for ashless dispersants in engine lubricating oils.However, this kind of dispersant does not have particularly good antioxidant, antifriction, antiwear or acid neutralisation properties.In this paper, a method is suggested for modifying succinimide so as to obtain improved antioxidant, acid neutralisation, antifriction, and antiwear properties.Magnesium borate cannot be dissolved in mineral lubricating oil.In the presence of succinimide, however, it will exist in a lubricating oil in the form of acolloid or complex.Therefore, in the present work, magnesium oxide, boric acid, and water were mixed together with succinimide.In the reaction process, some of the magnesium borate formed in situ will be surrounded by succinimide, forming stable colloids;the remainder will react with thesuccinimide, forming well distributed complexes in the lubricating oil.The presence of water is very important for this process.At least four moles of water are needed for one mole of magnesium borate.The resulting material has been evaluated as a lubricating oil additive.The experiments have shown that this kind of material possesses good antioxidant, acid neutralisation, antifriction,and antiwear properties, apparently due to the introduction of magnesium borate.The introduction of the magliesium borate does not influence the good dispersant properties of the succinimide.【正題名】: A study of N and S heterocyclic compound as a potential lubricating oil additive

【作者】: Junyan Zhang;Weimin Liu;Qunji Xue;Tianhui Ren

【刊名】: Wear

【年卷期】: 1999, vol.224, no.1

【出版年】: 1999

【ISSN】: 0043-1648

【頁碼】: p.160-164

【分類號】: TH117

【關鍵詞】: Lubricant additive;Wear tests;Surface analysis

【正文語種】: eng

【文摘】:S-[2-(2-hydroxygenacetyl)thiobenzothiazol-1-yl]pentanyl xanthates wassynthesized as potential lubricating oil additive.The friction and wear behaviors of thesynthesized compound as an additive in liquid paraffin were evaluated with a four-ballmachine.Thetribochemical reaction of the additive with a metal surface was investigated by X-ray photoelectronspectroscopy.It was found that the novel compound as an additive in liquid paraffin was effectivein improving the tribological performance.【申請號】:EP89305805A

【申請日期】:19890608

【公開（告）號】:EP0347103A1

【公開（告）日期】:19891220

【主分類號】:C10M159/20

【副分類號】:C10M159/20,C10M159/22,C10M159/24,C10N030/04,C10N070/00

【優先權】:19880614-GB8814009

【國家代碼】:EP

【發明人】:OCONNOR SEAN PATRICK,CRAWFORD JOHN,CANE CHARLES

【申請人】:BP CHEMICALS ADDITIVES

【發明名稱】:A process for the production of a lubricating oil additive concentrate.【摘要】:A process for the production of a lubricating oil additive concentratehaving a TBN greater than 300 which process comprises reacting at elevated temperature component(A)a defined mixture selected from defined sulphurised or non-sulphurised acids or calcium saltsthereof，component(B)an alkaline earth metal base added either in a single addition or in aplurality of additions at intermediate points during the reaction，component(C)at least onecompound which is(i)water，(ii)a polyhydric alcohol having 2 to 4 carbon atoms，(iii)a di-(C3or C4)glycol，(iv)a tri-(C2-C4)glycol，(v)a mono-or poly-alkylene glycol alkyl ether of theformula(I)R(OR<1>)xOR<2>(I)wherein R is a C1 to C6 alkyl group，R<1>is an alkylene group，R<2> is hydrogen or a C1 to C6 alkyl group and x is an integer from 1 to 6，(vi)a C1 to C20monohydric alcohol，(vii)a C1 to C20 ketone，(viii)a C1 to C10 carboxylic acid ester，or(ix)aC1 to C20 ether，component(D)a lubricating oil，component(E)carbon dioxide added subsequentto the，or each，addition of component(B)，component(F)a defined carboxylic acid orderivative，component(G)at least one compound which is(i)an inorganic halide or(ii)anammonium alkanoate or a mono-，di-，tri-or tetra-alkyl ammonium formate or alkanoate providedthat when component(G)is(ii)，component(F)is not an acid chloride，the weight ratios of allcomponents being such as to produce a concentrate having a TBN greater than 300.【歐洲主分類號】:C10M159/20

【歐洲副分類號】:C10M159/22,C10M159/24

【

同

族

專利】:AT118240-19950215,AU630355-19921029,AU3641489-19891221,DE68921024-19950323,DE68921024-19950601,EP0347103-19891220,JP2034690-19900205 【申請號】:EP90402981A

【申請日期】:19901023

【公開（告）號】:EP0425367A1

【公開（告）日期】:19910502

【主分類號】:C10M159/20

【副分類號】:C10M159/20,C10M163/00,C10N010/02,C10N070/00

【優先權】:19891026-FR8914053

【國家代碼】:EP

【發明人】:BOURGOGNON HENRI,HOORNAERT PIERRE,REY CLAUDE,RODES CHRISTIAN

【申請人】:ELF AQUITAINE

【發明名稱】:Overbased lubricating oil additive containing a copper derivate or acopper and boron derivate，method of preparation and compositions containing said additive.【摘要】:The oxidation-promoting effect of the overbased additives can beattenuated or even eliminated by incorporation into the overbased additive of a copper carboxylateoriginating from aliphatic carboxylic acids containing a linear or branched C7-C10 chain.Thesecopper carboxylates can also be employed in the form of combination with a boron derivative.【歐洲主分類號】:C10M159/20

【歐洲副分類號】:C10M163/00

【

同

族

專利】:EP0425367-19910502,ES2045856-19940116,FR2653780-19910503,JP3153794-19910701 【申請號】:EP94306507A

【申請日期】:19940901

【公開（告）號】:EP0643126A2

【公開（告）日期】:19950315

【主分類號】:C10M159/22A

【副分類號】:C10M159/22A

【優先權】:19930910-GB9318810

【國家代碼】:EP

【發明人】:CANE CHARLES,COOK STEPHEN JAMES

【申請人】:BP CHEMICALS ADDITIVES

【發明名稱】:Highly overbased lubricating oil additive concentrates，theirpreparation and use.【摘要】:An additive concentrate having a TBN greater than 300 suitable forincorporation into a finished lubricating oil composition comprising:-(I)a lubricating oilsoluble sulphurised or non-sulphurised alkaline earth metal hydrocarbyl phenate derived either froma hydrocarbyl phenate or its precursors and modified by reaction to incorporate:(i)analdehyde，and(ii)from greater than 2 to less than 40% by weight based on the weight of theconcentrate of either(a)at least one carboxylic acid having the formula:-wherein R is aC10 to C24 alkyl or alkenyl group and R<1> is either hydrogen，a C1 to C4 alkyl group or a-CH2-COOH group，or an anhydride or ester thereof，or(b)a di-or polycarboxylic acid containingfrom 36 to 100 carbon atoms or an anhydride or ester thereof，and(II)a lubricating oil，wherein the amount of lubricating oil(II)in the additive concentrate is such that the ratio of theweight of the additive concentrate to the weight of the hydrocarbyl phenate or its precursors fromwhich the modified sulphurised or non-sulphurised phenate is derived is at least 3.0.【歐洲主分類號】:C07G017/00

【歐洲副分類號】:C10M159/22

【同族專利】:EP0643126-19950315,JP7197066-19950801

第五篇：外文數據庫檢索規則總結

這次要求同學們練習的數據庫的檢索規則：

邏輯算符“與” “或” “非”都是andornot來表示 空格也可以表示 and位置算符：SCIE 數據庫：

NEAR/X

位置算符前后的兩個詞之間最多間隔X個單詞

SAME：“地址”字段中某作者的地址同時包含前后兩個檢索詞

2Engineering Village(EI)數據庫：

NEAR/X

位置算符前后的兩個詞之間最多間隔X個單詞,順序可以顛倒

ONEAR/X

位置算符前后的兩個詞之間最多間隔X個單詞,順序不可以顛倒EBSCO數據庫：

Nx

位置算符前后的兩個詞之間最多間隔X個單詞，順序可以顛倒

Wx

位置算符前后的兩個詞之間最多間隔X個單詞，順序不可以顛倒歐洲專利數據庫無位置算符

截詞符：* 表示任意多個字符

詞組：詞組都要加雙引號

字段的限制：(檢索字段的簡寫見檢索界面)SCIE 數據庫 ：=例如：TI=computer*Engineering Village(EI)數據庫：wn 例如：computer* wn TIEBSCO數據庫：直接在高級檢索界面選擇字段歐洲專利數據庫：直接在高級檢索界面選擇字段

說明：圖書館界面上的ISI Web of Knowledge和Science Citation Index Expanded 數據庫(SCI-EXPANDED)都可以進入SCIE數據庫。

檢索題目：

1、陶瓷表面化學鍍銅工藝的研究

提示：化學鍍銅：electroless copper plating也可以翻譯成chemical copperplating

表面：surface

陶瓷：ceramic

檢索方法：

主題=(“electroless copper plating”)AND 主題=(surface)AND 標題

=(ceramic)

1篇 檢索結果：