第一篇：中考英語作文備考

中考英語作文備考

一、與個人有關的

1、自薦類文章。參見夏令營，自薦做文化教師。Dear Miss Li, I am very happy to know that ×× School will start the summer camp.The middle school students from the Belt and Road countries will join it.I apply to be a teacher to introduce Chinese culture to them.I am interested in Chinese culture and I often talk with my classmates about it.In this summer camp, I’ll teach them how to speak Chinese, make dumplings and so on.What’s more, I’ll lead them to read Chinese poems and sing Chinese songs.In the evening, we’ll watch TV programs about Chinese culture.On weekends, we’ll hold some competitions about Chinese culture and the winners can get some souvenirs（紀念品）of traditional Chinese style.I’m sure they will enjoy themselves and learn a lot.I’m looking forward to learning from you.Yours sincerely，××

2、介紹個人習慣類文章。（發言稿）Good morning, everyone!

I’m glad to be here to talk about my habits.Everyone has a good and bad habits.So do I.I get up early and never stay up late.I like sports, so I often do exercise.In class, I listen to the teacher carefully and take notes.After class, I’ll finish my homework in time and do lots of reading every day.However, I often watch TV or play games for too long.I seldom help my parents with housework and I often eat junk food.Good habits are good for my whole life.I think I should develop good habits instead of bad ones.That’s all.Thanks for listening!

3、介紹他人類文章。

I am glad to introduce a good friend of mine.His name is Li Ming.He is in Class8, Grade9.He is very polite.When he meets his teachers or classmates, he always says hello to them.He also gets on well with others.He has made many friends.Whenever we have problems with our schoolwork, he is always ready to help us.He is kind to other people.He often tries his best to help people in need.Li Ming wants to be a useful man in the future.He is a model student for us and we should learn from him.4、個人安全類文章。（也屬于社會問題）

How to Keep Ourselves Safe As children, we are not always safe in our daily life.So, I think it’s very important for us to keep safety in mind.Here are some of my suggestions.Every day we should walk to school with friends.We shouldn’t talk to strangers or go anywhere with them, or accept gifts from them without parents’ permission.School bullying（欺凌、恐嚇）happens from time to time.To keep bullying away, we should talk to teachers or parents.Fighting can’t resolve（解決）problems.Internet is very useful these days, but there is also something bad on the Internet.It’s better for us to surf the internet with parents together.With the help of parents and teachers, we can grow up safe.5、與父母相處類文章。

Show Filial Piety（孝順）for Our Parents Dear fellow students, As we know, parents are the most important people in our lives.They give us not only life but also unselfish(無私的)care along with our growth.So it is our duty to show filial piety for them and try hard to make them happy.As students, first, we should understand what they think about and be thankful for what they have done for us.Don’t behave rudely towards them.Second, we should spend a little more time at home, staying with them, sharing the housework.Third, we should, now and then, give them such pleasant surprises as a small gift at their birthday, school reports with good grades or teachers’ praise and so on.Fourth, we should stay and look after them when they don’t feel well.Action, boys and girls!Be better to parents right now.二、與別人溝通交流

6、感謝信類文章。感謝別人的幫助。

Dear Miss Wang, I’m glad to have the chance to write this letter.How time flies!I’ll graduate from the junior school soon, words can’t show my thanks to you.Three years ago, I was new in the class.I had no friends here and felt lonely.You encouraged me to make more friends.And you also told me how to study English well.With your help, I changed a lot.Now, I am outgoing.I would like to take an active part in various activities.I also improve my grades a lot.I’m so thankful to you for your kind help that I’ll work harder and try to do better in the future.Best wishes!

Yours，××

7、初中生活建議類文章。

My Advice on a Wonderful Junior School Life

I’m very glad to hear that you will be a junior student next term.Here are some suggestions for you.Firstly, you should have a positive attitude and make plans for studying.You need learn to be independent and communicate with others such as teachersparents and classmates.Secondly, you should not only study hard , but also pay attention to develop different kinds of interests and take part in more outdoor activities.Thirdly, when you are in public, you are supposed to follow the rules, keep yourself safe and help others who are in need.Finally, I think no matter when and where, if you have good manners and habits, you will get a happy life.Best wishes and enjoy your colorful middle school life!

三、其他社會熱門話題

8、城市（家鄉）發展類文章。作為一個中學生應該怎么做。

××is a beautiful city with a long history.It’s our hometown and it has changed a lot in the past few years.To make it be more and more beautiful, I often keep my room clean at home.On weekends, I do some cleaning in my neighborhood.I usually go to the park near my house on Sundays.I always collect the trash when I find it around the park.I never litter and I ask my classmates not to litter at school.Sometimes I plant trees on the hill near the school.My teachers take us to clean the streets once a month.There are a lot of things we can do.In order to make our city more and more beautiful, let’s work together and do our best.9、環保類文章。面對霧霾等越來越嚴重，環境大氣污染問題我們應該怎么做。

As the haze weather(霧霾天氣）is becoming more and more serious in many cities, people focus on(關注、聚焦）the environmental protection.As middle school students, what should we do? Something must be done to solve the problem.First, we should take buses or subways(地鐵）instead of driving cars.If it is not far, we can walk or ride a bike.Second, we’d better not light fireworks during the festivals.Third, we are supposed to plant more trees.We shouldn’t throw away rubbish everywhere.In a word, we should try our best to protect our environment.The less pollution we make, the better life we will have.10、呼吁類文章（發言稿等）。公共自行車（共享單車）等的使用。

Dear friends，Nowadays, people can see that many bicycle parking lots have appeared(出現）in Changsha.They can provide many public bicycles for us.Not only can riding bicycles be good for the environment, but people can get more exercise.However, with the popularity of these bicycles, we should also pay attention to the ways of using them when we enjoy riding.For example, we are not supposed to stop our bicycles anywhere we want.What’s more, even though these bicycles don’t belong to us, it is still our duty to use them properly and prevent them from being damaged.If we can make full use of these bicycles, our life will be better and healthier.Thanks for your attention.11、調查類文章。關于互聯網使用情況的調查。

Last week I made a survey about what to do on the Internet among some students.18% of the students like listening to music.26% of the students often watch movies.13% of the students prefer to do other things.We know we can do a lot of things on the Internet, but 28% of the students often use the Internet to play games.I think playing games is a waste of time.It’s bad for us.We’d better be away from it.We should use the Internet to do some useful things like studying English, searching for information and so on.

第二篇：英語中考備考作文

Two events in 2008

The year 2008 left us too many memories.But two of them are the most unforgettable.First, a big earthquake hit Si Chuan.It caused millions of deaths and destroyed many buildings.The second was the Olympic Games.It was so successful that everyone knew how strong China was!The two events let me know: Life is always filled with pain, frustration, and some other unexpected actions, the key is to change sadness into power.Don't be disappointed cause our strong country is always behind us.After I failed

Failure isn't rare.Everyone has ever failed.My biggest failure was last month's exam.I could hardly believe such low grades!However, I found out the leading reason quickly: I didn't have a good study method.I asked my mum for advice.She told me:“ Review the lessons carefully before you go to bed, recite the text after you get up.” I took them up.Sure enough, I achieved better grades the next week.In fact, failure isn't horrible cause it's the footstone and catalyst of success!

The person I never forget

Deep in my memory, there's a plump woman who I never forget——our Maths teacher.Without smile on her face, she's always strict with us.In fact, under her unfriendly face, there's an extremely friendly heart.Once I failed to work out a problem, I thought I was foolish and wanted to give it up.She encouraged me:“ High IQ doesn't tell the whole story, work harder, you can get good marks as well.”Till now, I still remember it clearly.She is the person I never forget.Things I want to do most

The summer holiday is coming closer and closer.It’s a good chance for me to do what I like.Firstly, I’d like to go swimming with my classmates.Not only to keep me fit, but also to improve the friendship between us.Secondly, I’ll listen to the music to relax myself.In the beautiful music, I can throw off all my worries.Thirdly, I want to read more books.Mum once told me “A person’s character is more important than his appearance” How I wish to do these things at once!

My colorful school life

I study in a beautiful school, and my school life is colorful.Every day, I have nine lessons.During the spare time, I talk about study and share study experience with my classmates.Teachers are friendly to us.They'll teach us patiently if we are confused.However, as the saying goes“ All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” By playing the basketball on P.E lessons, I throw off all my worries and know the importance of team work.Art lessons also make my school life more enjoyable.How I wish not to leave my school!

第三篇：2014中考備考英語

【中考備考】2014中考英語作文熱點話題范文14篇

一．我的理想職業

最近，你班就“你的理想職業”展開了一次調查。請根據你們小組的情況寫一篇英語短文，向英語校刊投稿。組員 理想職業 原因

Mary 時裝設計師(fashion designer)喜歡漂亮衣服，擅長繪畫

Kate 園藝工(gardener)喜愛植物，想讓城市更美

Mike 作家 愿意與別人分享精彩故事

Tom 廚師 為別人煮健康美味的食物

你 ? ?

注意：1.詞數80左右(短文的開頭和結尾已給出，不計入詞數)；

2.不得透露學校、姓名等任何個人信息，否則不予評分。

Recently we did a survey in our class in order to learn about students’ ideal jobs.Here’s a report about my group members’ ideas。

……

Hopefully everyone can realize their dreams in the future。

★ 范文

Recently we did a survey in our class in order to learn about students’ ideal jobs.Here’s a report about my group members’ ideas。

Mary wants to be a fashion designer because she likes beautiful clothes and is good at drawing.Kate wants to be a gardener, she lives plants, and she wants to make the cities better.Mike would like to be a writer.He’d like to share his wonderful stories with others.Tom would like to be a cook.He’d like to cook delicious food for others.I would like to be a policeman.I want to protect the people safe。

Hopefully everyone can realize their dreams in the future。

二．傳統節日介紹

根據中文大意和英語提示詞語，寫出意思連貫、符合邏輯、不少于80詞的短文。所給英文提示詞供選用。注意：不要寫出你的真實姓名和校名。假設你是劉偉，你的美國朋友MIKE 想通過你了解中國的傳統節日。請你根據提示，給Mike 寫一封e-mail，向他介紹我國傳統節日春節的情況。

內容提示：1.春節是中國最重要的傳統節日；2.春節期間人們的主要活動(節前、除夕、節日期間)< Spring Festival, traditional, decorate, on the eve of the festival, get together, set off fireworks, lucky money>

★ 范文

Dear Mike,How are you? I’m really glad that you are interested in traditional Chinese festivals.There are many traditional festivals in China, such as Spring Festival, Mid-Autumn Day and so on.I’d like to introduce the Spring Festival to you.Spring Festival is the most important traditional holiday in China.It usually lasts for 15 days。

Days before the festival, people clean their houses.They think cleaning sweeps any bad luck.They decorate their houses with paper cuts.On the eve of the festival, family members get together and have big meals.Then they watch the Spring Festival Gala on TV.At midnight, they set off fireworks to welcome the New Year.During the festival, kids get lucky money from old

people.People visit their relatives and friends.They wish each a happy year and good luck.How happy we are。

Best wishes!

Yours,Liu Wei

三．節約用水

水是生命之源。隨著水資源的短缺，節約用水是我們每個人的責任，請以此為話題寫一篇不少于80字的短文。★ 范文

As we know, water is very important to man, we can’t live without water.The amount of water which is suitable to drink is less and less.But some people don’t care about it.They waste a lot of water in their daily life.Even worse, they pour dirty water into rivers.They throw rubbish into rivers, too.Many rivers and lakes are seriously polluted.Something must be done to stop the pollution.And I think it’s a great shame to waste while millions are in great need of water.I think what we can do is that we have to save every drop of water as possible as we can.For example, we must turn off the tap immediately after we use it.We can use a basin to wash our hands and faces.It’s also a good idea to encourage my friends and family members to join me!Only in this way can we live happily.If we don’t save water, the last drop of water will be a tear-drop of us.I believe if everyone makes a little effort, we can make a big difference。

四．幸福

幸福是什么？幸福是父母為你營造的溫馨的家，幸福是老師望向你的贊許的目光，幸福是孤獨時朋友送來的一杯奶茶，幸福是…… 請以My happiness為話題，寫一件曾經發生過的令你感到幸福的事情。

要求：條理清晰，語言流暢，用詞準確，字跡工整，80-100詞。★ 范文

Happiness is important in our life.In fact, happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it。

I will never forget one thing.Once, I had a bad mark at a math test.I was shy and afraid to meet my parents.But when I got back home late, my parents knew what happened, they said to me: “It doesn’t matter, my child.Remember we’ll be always beside you when you need help.We believe you can be better next time.Never give up!” I was moved and made up my mind to work harder and harder。

I feel happy.Whenever I am in trouble, I can feel my parents’ love.I want to be a good child for my parents。

五．感恩

對父母心存感恩，因為他們給予我生命，讓我健康成長；對老師心存感恩，因為他們給了我教誨，讓我拋卻愚昧；對朋友心存感恩，因為他們給了我友愛；對社會心存感恩，因為社會給了我智慧和力量。自從國家實施義務教育以來，書本免費，食宿免費，而且還有貧困助學金等。面對這些，我們應該心存感恩，感謝祖國對我們的厚望和期盼。讓我們永遠記住：感謝父母、感謝老師、感謝朋友、感謝全社會！請以“感恩”為話題寫一篇80—100字的作文。★ 范文

What should we thank?

The thankful great universe provides the environment of existence for us and give us sunlight,air, water and everything in keeping with us existence of space, bring storm to let us accept to toughen for us, bring to us mysterious let us look for.The thankful parents give us the life, make us feel the merriment of the human life, feel the genuine feeling of the human life, feel the comity of the human life, feel happiness of the human life, also feel hardships and pain and sufferings of the human life!The thankful teacher works with diligence and without fatigue everyday of teach, give us knowledge ability, and put on the wing which flies toward the ideal for us.The thankful classmate and friend grow up with us and let us no longer stand alone in the itinerary of life.The thankful our country provides us with free books, dormitory and food.Whenever it is, we should keep a thankful heart towards everything existed.Only thus, can we become a useful man。

六．保護環境

6月5日(June 5)是世界環境保護日，我們周圍的環境變得越來越糟糕，污染越來越嚴重。環境問題影響著人們的工作，學習，生活等，而我們的工作，生活，生產等又使環境污染越來越嚴重....。如何保護我們的環境？ 請以“ How to protect/save our environment/world? ”為題寫一篇短文。提示：存在問題：1.水污染越來越嚴重；2.砍伐森林嚴重；3.大氣污染嚴重；4.白色垃圾等。

要求：如何改善/保護環境？至少：3---4個方面，80字左右的。

★ 范文

How to protect/save our environment/world?

The environmental pollution is worse and worse /more and more seriously today.Water is polluted;we have no clean water to drink.Many trees are cutting down, some animals is getting less and less.Some factories are pouring dirty air in the sky, the population is increasing faster and faster, resources are getting less and less…etc.Not only does it affect our lives and health, it but also has a great affection in the future.People's health has been greatly affected by air, noise and water pollution.Many people died of diseases.In order to live a better life, we need protect our world。

We shouldn’t throw away rubbish everywhere.We want to recycle, reduce, reuse things.Don’t waste things.This saves money and reduces pollution.Use things for as long as possible.We don’t use plastic bags.We must plant more trees and stop the people cutting them.We hope our world becomes more and more beautiful。

七．愛好

★ 范文My Hobby

I am a 15-year-old student in junior Grade 3.Though I am occupied with my study, I would like to spend time on my hobbies, such as playing the piano, surfing the Internet。

One of my favorite hobbies is reading.Reading has been in my life for many years, since I began to learn characters.It can not only kill the time, but also, more important, help improve my comprehension ability.When reading, I can learn a lot.Reading Shakespear's works, I know how Hamlet looks like.Reading Socrates, I can see how great ancient Greek philosophers are.Reading Lu Xun, I come back to the old time of China。

八．如何減壓讓生活更美好

許多學習生活中的煩惱都會使人產生壓力，為了更好地發現及解決同學們中存在的心理壓力問題，你們班特意開展了一次以“Less Pressure, Better Life”為主題的英語演講比賽，請你準

備發言稿，談談你的一些緩解壓力的好辦法，與同學分享，內容包括：(1)同學們中普遍存在的壓力是什么；

(2)我的壓力是什么；

(3)我是如何成功緩解我的壓力的。

注意：文中不得出現真實的姓名和校名。詞數80~100。

★ 范文

Less Pressure, Better Life

Hello, boys and girls!

Pressure is a serious problem in today’s world.Students in our class are under too much pressure.Some students can’t get on well with their classmates, while others may worry about their exams。

I’m always under pressure, too.My parents want me to be the top student in class.So they send me to all kinds of after-classes at weekends.Last Monday evening, I had a talk with my mother.I told her I was not lazy.I really felt tired.I needed time to relax.My mother agreed with me at last.So I think a conversation with parents is necessary to solve the problem。

That’s all.Thank you!

九．網絡游戲

題目：李華沉迷于電腦游戲中，影響了學習。作為他的好朋友，你打算怎么幫他呢？請用下面所給的提示詞寫一篇不少于80字的短文。字跡工整，語言流暢。提示詞：give up concentrate on be(become)interested in

★ 范文

Li Hua spent too much time playing computer games and he fell behind others.As a good friend of his, I must do something to help him。

Firstly, I think it’s very important for him to learn lessons well.He should spend most of his time on his study instead of computer games.Secondly, I must tell him that playing computer games too much is bad for his health, especially for his eyes.So he must give it up.I can play more sports with him after school.Maybe he will become more interested in sports than computer games.And then I'll ask him to concentrate more on his study.Of course, I will try my best to help him with all his subjects.I think I can do it in many fun ways and let him find much fun in studying.At the same time, I'll ask both his parents and our teachers to help him, too.If I try these, I'm sure he will make great progress soon。

十．怎樣學好英語

世界在發展，文化在交融，英語已經成為人們溝通的橋梁。怎樣學好英語是我們一直在探索的問題。幾年的學習經歷你一定積累了許多成功的經驗，請從聽、說、讀、寫四方面談談你的建議。要求：1.詞數：80—100詞(開頭已給出，不計入總詞數)

2.字跡工整，語言流暢，表達正確，邏輯清晰。

★ 范文

How to learn English well

English is important and useful to us.How can we learn it well? Here are my suggestions。First, we should often listen to the tapes, English songs and programs.Watching English movies is also helpful to us.Second, we should speak English in class as much as possible.Don’t be afraid of making mistakes.The more you speak, the fewer mistakes you’ll make.We'd better

join the English club and practice with others.Third, we can read more English newspapers and magazines.It’s good for us.At last, we should recite some good passages and keep diaries。

In a word, as long as we do more listening, speaking, reading and writing, we will learn English well。

十一．學做好人好事

中考英語作文熱點話題：學做好人好事今年是學習雷鋒五十周年紀念日，雷鋒同志說過：“我要把有限的生命，投入到無限的為人民服務之中去。”

請寫一篇意思連貫，符合邏輯，不少于80字的作文。

在作文中，簡單表述你對雷鋒的崇敬之情，為什么向雷鋒叔叔學習以及你在日常生活中是如何幫助他人的。

★ 范文

Leifeng was known as a pattern that offered help to others selflessly.He devoted all this life into his beloved career as well.I, myself, was totally shocked by his character。

Such is human nature;people trace the good, water flows to low.Everyone should copy his sprit as our daily life goes instead of uttering a meaningless slogan “learn from Leifeng, our decent idol”，so that we could definitely see a lot more smiling faces rather than conflict。

To help others is not a hard thing, however, what you need is to consist doing it.Take myself as an example.I am the representative of Math, to collect homework is my daily task, however, I would turn them to the right page for shorten the time for teachers when correcting them。

I strongly propose that we shall see a better world if each of us treat Leifeng as our model and copy his spirit。

十二.保持健康生活習慣

健康的生活習慣對于成長中的我們是非常重要的。你認為健康的生活習慣應當是怎樣的呢？請根據下面的信息提示，寫一篇短文，首句已給出。

信息提示：健康飲食；早睡早起，不熬夜；參加運動，強身健體。要求：根據信息提示，把握要點，適當發揮，不逐字翻譯。字數在80詞左右。

★ 范文

I think healthy habits are very important for us。

All of us want to be healthy.First, we should get enough sleep during the night.We can go to bed early and get up early.Staying up late is bad for our health.Second, we must have the right kinds of food.We should eat more fruit and vegetables and less meat.We should drink a lot of water.We should have healthy eating habits.Third, we should do more exercise to build up our bodies.Finally, we should wash hands before meals and brush our teeth twice a day.If we don’t feel well, we should go to see the doctor at once。

十三.畢業感想

初中生活馬上就要結束了，三年的初中生活一定給你留下了很多揮之不去的回憶。請你給大家講一個最值得你回憶的故事。包括時間、人物、事情經過和事后你的感想(請不要寫出真實的學校名稱以及真實姓名)。提示詞語： three years, memories, one of, one day, think, happy/ sorry

★ 范文

How time flies!I have studied in my school for three years.And I will graduate from middle

school in a month.I am eager to share my happiness and sadness with you.I had so many memories in three years’ life.One of them impressed me very much.I still remember, when I began to learn English, I found it too difficult.No matter how hard I tried, I still couldn’t do well in it and almost gave it up.As soon as my English teacher found my problem, she had a talk with me about how to learn English well.Since then, she has kept helping me.Little by little, I’ve become interested in English and I’m good at it.I think I am so lucky to become one of her students.I’ve learned a lot from her.I will try to help others when they are in trouble.I think it is a happy thing to help others。

十四.低碳生活

現在全世界都在倡導“低碳生活”(low-carbon life)，即：降低二氧化碳的排放，采取低能量、低消耗、低開支的生活方式。低碳生活對我們大家都有好處，請你寫一篇短文向一家英文報社投稿。內容包括：你的具體做法、你的感受以及建議。提示詞語：be good for, everyone, ride a bike, think, make a difference, environment, suggest, reuse

★ 范文

Low-carbon life is good for everyone.To help with the environment, I always walk or ride a bike to school instead of taking a car.Besides, I will try to use things that can be recycled and I never forget to turn off the lights when I leave the classroom.I think it’s my duty to live a low-carbon life.And even the simplest activities can make a real difference to the environment.So I suggest we should reuse books as long as possible.And we’d better not spend much money on expensive clothes.If everyone does something for the environment, I believe the earth will be a better place。

第四篇：中考英語備考

中考英語備考:四招幫你撿起不該丟的分

已經進入終考綜合復習的階段了，考生應該怎么做才能最有效地提高成績呢？老師提供如下4點建議：

整理錯題本

可以靜下心把老師給你的練習卷子甚至你做過的一些練習題里的錯題整理出來，專門抄寫在一個錯題本上，然后自己把錯題做一遍。這個本的正 面一頁是錯題的原題，背面是答案，這樣錯題本就可以反復使用。做完以后可以發現自己還有哪些不明白、不準確的都要做一個記錄。直到得到正確的解答，弄懂了 為止，你就可以把這道題先暫時放一下，過兩天，拿出來再做一遍。這叫做排除錯題，減少自己錯誤率的方法，是復習語法的好方法。

查漏綜合題

可以做一些綜合練習題來判斷哪方面還有漏洞，找聽力題現在可能比較困難，你也可以看看網上有沒有訂購聽力磁帶，或者打電話到書店問問有 沒有電話購物、網上購物，或者讓他們給你送一些聽力磁帶，回來自己再做題，包括英語二級、三級的聽力都可以用。在這幾方面加強訓練，聽、說、讀、寫要同時加強，考試的時候才能取得更好成績。

讀誦半小時

要加強閱讀訓練，千萬別浪費時間，每天堅持。

每天利用至少半小時時間，大聲地朗讀和背誦所學過的課文、對話、單詞，通過朗讀和背誦進行聽、說訓練。如果有磁帶的話，可以每天堅持邊聽磁帶、邊做題，把學過的課目做一次全面復習。

保證準確率

考試中對聽力部分和筆試部分的時間要合理分配。單選部分不要占很多時間，近年來的考試對語法的要求不會太難，可以不在這方面花太多時 間，不如把時間花在閱讀、完形填空上面。閱讀速度非常重要，這個速度要建立在準確的基礎上，既要有速度，還得有質量，保證準確率。另外完形填空要占用一定 的時間，最后來完成這部分。

前面的各類基礎題難度應該不會太高，一般來說，考題中70%應該是基礎題，20%為中等題，10%才是難題。所以，應該把復習重點和考試時花得最多的時間，放在閱讀文章、完形填空和寫作上，也需要考生在這些方面多多練習。

第五篇：如何復習備考中考英語作文

如何復習備考中考英語作文

羅顯菊

貴州省貴定縣城關鎮貴定縣第三中學

【摘 要】寫作是一項能夠充分考查學生語言綜合運用能力的題型。英語寫作要求學生具有扎實的語言基本功，具備一定的審題能力、想象能力、表達能力和評價能力。英語寫作能力是《英語課程標準》對中學生學習的基本要求。但實際上在平時練習或正式的考試中我們都可以看到英語寫作對于絕大部分學生來說是一大難題，所以寫作也成了英語中考中失分較多的題型。不同的寫作題材，寫作的重點也是不盡相同的，但學生在寫作過程中所犯的錯誤卻基本一致。英語老師在教學實踐中，應該針對中考英語作文中常見的錯誤，采取應對策略，指導學生掌握寫作技巧，使學生在規定的時間內按要求寫出優秀的英語短文。

【關鍵詞】英語寫作能力；中考英語；寫作問題；綜合能力；應對措施。

近年來，在英語教學中越來越重視寫作教學，隨著中考寫作分數的逐年增加，英語寫作也越來越引起老師和學生的重視。但是，英語寫作也是中考中學生看似簡單而難得高分的題型。筆者認為只要教師在考前認真分析學生平時寫作存在的問題，并及時針對這些問題找出有效可行的應對措施，學生的寫作會在原有水平上有所提高的。縱觀近幾年各地中考英語寫作題，題材通常是用日記、書信、通知、對比議論、寫人、寫事等。一般來說，不同的寫作題材，寫作的重點也是不盡相同的，但學生在寫作過程中所犯的錯誤卻基本一致。筆者在多年的教學過程和期末評卷中，曾多次參與英語作文的評卷工作，從中發現諸多學生的作文出現了這樣或那樣的問題。而且不少學生平時在練習英語寫作時不得法，又苦于找不到提高的有效途徑。下面筆者就學生在中考英語寫作中存在的問題，談談如何提高初中英語寫作的措施。

一、英語句子“中國式”表達

很多學生寫作時，由于受母語思維的影響,不能順利地用英語思維，經常出現中式英語，一些學生喜歡用中文表達習慣去套英文寫作，結果寫出令人費解的語句。如在學生的作文中常常見到這樣的句子：My family has three people.In China have different places of interest.導致這種現象的主要原因是學生缺乏對英語習慣表達法的了解，也沒有養成學習英語時經常用英語思維的好習慣。因此，筆者認為，教師在課堂中應該多創設情景和機會，讓學生大膽地說英語，引導學生多用英語想東西，多用英語與學生交流。

寫作的基礎是詞匯。詞匯是表達思想的基本要素。英語中有名詞、代詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞、冠詞和連詞。在中考復習中我們可以將這些詞匯分類，找出最常用的幾百個或更多，要求學生要做到四會，即聽得懂，說得出，會認讀，能拼寫。學習一個詞匯不僅要知道它的意義，而且要知道它的詞性。只有掌握好每個詞的詞性，才能正確運用。例如：文章是由句子組成的，每一個句子都少不了謂語，而擔任謂語的是動詞。對于一個很活躍的動詞，我們應該掌握以下幾個方面：

（一）準確的讀音和拼寫：聽得懂，說得出是寫作的基礎。只有掌握了正確讀音，才能做到這一點，只有正確的拼寫才能準確無誤地傳達信息。

（二）掌握其基本意義：一些單詞與不同的詞搭配后貌似相同，其實具有截然不同的含義；

（三）掌握常見搭配：我們所說的搭配，不僅包括動詞與介詞﹑副詞的搭配，而且包括與名詞搭配的意義。以動詞make為例。make的基本意義是“制作”，而make beds意思是“整理床鋪”，make use of意思是“利用”，make money意思是“掙錢”，make faces意思是“做鬼臉”等等；

（四）掌握現在分詞、過去式和過去分詞等形式：因為在寫作中經常用到各種時態。因此，熟練掌握一些常用詞的不同變化形式是非常必要的。

二、用詞不恰當，拼寫錯誤較多

要準確表達思想就要正確的選用詞語。我們選用詞語的原則是：使用有把握的、會寫的詞語，但其含義、用法一定要符合題目意思。很多考生選用詞語的錯誤常表現在：

1、學生在寫作過程中，由于自身詞匯量較少，掌握詞匯的基本功不扎實，單詞拼寫錯誤占一定的比例；

2、用詞不當、詞義（類）混淆，這是由于學生完全依賴中文字面釋義，不顧詞性內涵、前后搭配等張冠李戴。其中用詞不當是最主要的問題，短語搭配不當現象也相當普遍。

三、所寫文章語法錯誤較多

學生在寫作時，語法上也有較大問題,如時態錯誤、主謂不一致、詞法搭配錯誤等,在學生作文中屢見不鮮，基礎語法比較薄弱。學習語言的關鍵是學以致用，所以在書面表達中用好、用對語法知識是保證寫好英語作文的一個重要前提。初中英語寫作中常見的語法錯誤主要表現在：

（一）時態錯誤、語態用錯。一般來說，特定時間、背景下的時態總是相同的。在日常訓練的時候，可以讓學生學會判斷要寫的文章主要用哪種時態。如：介紹人、事、物的現狀常用一般現在時為主；寫日記、記敘文常要介紹過去的情況，以一般過去時態為主；寫信或邀請函常用一般將來時。

（二）語法結構不熟練，使用混亂。初中英語作文中經常可以見到情態動詞后面加上動詞-ing形式的寫法。部分學生對情態動詞后面應該加上動詞原形的結構非常不熟悉。又如：書寫進行時態的句子，常常漏掉助動詞be現象。教授完這些基本語法結構后，教師需要把相關的知識進行比較和小結，并通過大量的口頭和筆頭訓練，讓學生牢牢記住這些基本語法結構，并活學活用。

四、句子結構不正確，句式千篇一律 由于許多學生缺乏必要的英語句法知識，尤其是對句子基本結構、簡單句的五種基本類型和常見的同義句句型等不熟悉，在造句時就容易出現語序混亂、句子結構不完整的錯誤。雖然現在考試淡化語法，但不等于教師不講語法。因此，筆者認為，教會學生英語五種簡單句的基本句型和結構還是很有必要的：

（1）S+V（主語+不及物動詞）例句：They study hard.（2）S+V+O（主語+及物動詞+賓語）例句：We love our motherland.（3）S+V+P（主語+連系動詞+表語）例句：His skirt is beautiful.（4）S+V+IO+DO（主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語）例句：My father bought me a bike.（5）S+V+O+C（主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓語補足語）例句：We must keep our classroom clean.有句俗語說：“磨刀不誤砍柴功”。課本是學生學習的根本，課本給學生提供了基本的句型、語法知識、詞匯等。在復習每單元的時候，教師應引導學生把其中的重點句型找出來，經過反復練習，熟記于心。平時，可以多做一些句型變換的練習，為寫作儲備足夠的句型。告訴學生，寫作時應該遵循這樣一個原則：要靈活地用完整的簡單句將句意表達清楚，表示同一個話題時，盡量使用不同的寫法。這樣既能做到結構完整，又能使語句通順、條理清楚，同時又避免了句式呆板、重復引用，從而使文采顯得更生動。教師對于學生能正確的運用和掌握好句子，應從以下幾方面對學生進行訓練：

（一）由淺入深，循序漸進

俗話說：“冰凍三尺，非一日之寒。”英語寫作能力的培養也并非是一蹴而就的。它必須由淺入深、由簡到繁、由易到難，循序漸進一環緊扣一環的進行訓練。有些學生英語基礎很差,甚至連最起碼的朗讀能力都沒有,不少學生根本不會寫句子。面對這種情況，筆者嘗試過用組詞造句的方法來訓練學生，就是把相關的詞組合成一個意思完整的句子。就是讓學生從熟記單詞、單句表達，過渡到串詞成句、組句成文。這種訓練對于這些基礎不好的學生來說是行之有效的。然而,組詞造句也不能孤立地進行。很難想象一個對所學語言知識不了解,或者了解很少的人能用所給的幾個詞組成一個完整的沒有錯誤的句子。因而,重中之重的是在進行疊加的訓練中,注意調動學生的學習積極性,從簡到難,培養學生的興趣。還要把中學時學到的語法等方面的知識復習一下,因為基礎差,嚴重地阻礙了教學訓練的正常進行。比如說用know,I,do,not組句,有的學生就會合成為I not know do。針對這一現象,在教學中筆者就從訓練簡單句的五種基本句型講起,尤其是否定句和疑問句中助動詞的用法以及所處的位置,等等。還要訓練學生清楚地描述事物的能力。我們以go這個詞為例,先要學生往上加詞,表明誰去,Will you go with me ?為使意義完整,再加上時間：When we get out of school today , will you go with me ? 為了使思想內容更豐富,再加上去的地點：When we get out of school today.Will you go with me to the movie ? 總之一句話，就是先有框架，再有內容。就象畫一棵樹一樣，不是先畫葉子和果實，是先畫樹干和枝條。還象畫一個人，先勾勒基本骨架線條，再填充肌肉。英語句子起碼要保證語法和詞匯的準確性——詞性用對了沒有？名詞變為復數形式了沒有？動詞的單三形式有沒有體現等等。這樣,經過一段時間的訓練后,學生們的組詞造句能力可以從簡單句提高到復合句。而不是整篇文章從頭至尾都是單句。

（二）口頭造句訓練：有了第一步組詞造句的訓練后,教師再充分利用精讀課文中出現的使用頻率較高的詞、短語,要求學生用這些詞進行口頭造句。教師一堂課從頭講到尾,而教學的主體——學生只是一味地記筆記,根本沒有進行語言實踐的機會,學生的主觀能動性沒有得到發揮。這種教學形式的結果是學生只獲得了一定的感性知識,而沒有理性的體驗。因而記得不扎實,隨著時間的流逝,教師所講的東西也就忘得差不多了,而現場造句無疑避免了這一弊端,聽完就練,老師再就學生口頭說的句子進行講解,會使學生不易忘記,所學的東西也就非常理性地印在腦海中了,積極性也調動起來,使得課堂氣氛異常活躍。經過第一輪詞匯的復習訓練,學生組詞造句的能力就會有了明顯提高。

（三）翻譯句子。翻譯句子的訓練對于學生有效提高寫作水平也是一個必不可少的環節：外語教學中的寫作能力的培養,決定著學生整體水平的高低,也是對教師教學水平的檢驗。教師應充分利用一切現有的條件對學生進行這方面的訓練,精讀課每課練習中的翻譯句子(漢譯英)練習就是一個很好的、可以利用的素材。因為,這些句子都是根據每課的內容及出現的生詞、短語提出的,學生通過翻譯這些句子既復習了課文,又鍛煉了寫作,也可以說更能鍛煉學生的學習能力。我們知道翻譯不同于寫作。寫作時,作者可以任意選題,自由發揮,而翻譯時譯者則不能隨心所欲地表達自己的思想,必須忠實于原文、原句。故此,這種訓練比組詞造句又進了一步,要求也更高了,所以說翻譯是寫作,更是一種再創造。然而,學生們在翻譯句子的過程中,還是出現句子往往殘缺不全,缺少主語或謂語動詞等。遇到這種情況時,筆者就先把原句寫在黑板上,讓大家一起確定主語、謂語、賓語等,然后判斷句子屬于什么句型,最后根據原句的意思確定句子所說的事件或者動作發生的時間再來確定用什么時態。經過反復引導、反復練習,學生逐步掌握了其中的要點,做起來也感覺不太難了,準確率也提高了。遇到有爭議的句子大家進行討論,遇到幾種意義相近的句子,而用詞不一樣時,老師再進行對比說明。這樣做的好處就是,教師的講解有了針對性,具有啟發性。改變了以往翻譯練習只在課后做作業,然后交由教師評改的做法，這種當面批改,大家討論的方式,使大家都有緊迫感,講別人寫的句子,自己也受到了啟發。

五、粗心審題，背離要求

部分學生在寫作前不認真審題，沒經過深思熟慮就動筆寫，寫作時沒能扣緊主題，故而造成離題、偏題，這樣寫出來的文章得分也較低。而且由于一些學生忽視了各種體裁的寫作特點，從而導致文章體裁格式不正確。如：將寫信的日期寫在信末；寫請假條不寫署名等。審題是書面表達的第一步，學生在真正開始寫作之前，必須舍得花相當一部分時間做寫前閱讀、思考等準備工作。只有審準了題，并弄清楚題目要求，才有可能寫出好文章，具體來說，審題包含以下四個方面：

（一）審體裁。根據情景提示首先要弄清寫何種體裁的文章，是記敘文、說明文、應用文還是議論文。無論提供材料的方式是通過文字描述還是圖畫或表格，但要求文章的體裁是唯一的，尚若體裁不對，評分時會被相應扣一些分，所以動筆前認真審題至關重要。

（二）審格式。學生在進行短文寫作訓練時，教師應提供各種文體的范文，講明各種文體的要求，如日記、便條、書信、通知的格式等，并給予必要的提示。一定的體裁氣特有的格式，例如書信、日記、通知、便條等都有特定的格式，不能隨便寫。其中書信最復雜。根據試題的要求要注意信得開頭，稱呼、主體、結尾、簽名這五個地方（教師也要提醒學生注意大部分的考試作文開頭已寫好，這樣學生要接著內容寫不能重復，但不要忘了結尾）。

（三）審內容。要點齊全是得分的基本保證，漏掉要點就會降低檔次評分，要想書面表達得充分，內容全面和不跑題，也是最基本的要求。所以考生在審題時要弄清什么該寫、什么不該寫，哪些詳細寫，哪些該略寫，學生要在規定的字數內把文章內容表達完整。尤其是圖畫式書面的表達題，考生應注意不能把圖中的所有內容都表達出來，要學會連貫性，讀懂圖的意思，要分清那些是主要內容，那些是次要內容。總之，所寫內容既要符合圖畫所描繪的情景，又要連貫通順，自圓其說。如寫記敘文，要抓好問題、時間、地點、人物、事件以及其他一些要素。

（四）審人稱。審人稱即弄清書面表達要求用何種人稱，用第一人稱、第二人稱還是第三人稱來寫，中考書面表達閱卷中非常重視人稱，出現人稱錯誤要扣除相應分數。所以學生在審題時千萬不要忽略人稱的正確使用。

（五）審時態。即根據所給材料信息確定短文的基本時態，一般說來，一篇特定的短文，它通常有自己特定的基本時態。如通知常用將來時態，日記常用過去時態等等。另外，由于每個句子都涉及時態問題。所以學生在寫作時千萬不要忽視這個問題。一般來說，在寫作中常用的時態有一般現在時、一般過去時、一般將來時和現在完成時。教師在訓練學生句子時，要有針對性的訓練。初三英語作文練習的目的就是為了迎戰中考，近幾年的中考作文題，特別是話題作文題，之前多有一段導語，這些導語也是審題的關鍵，他們或激發想象，或啟迪思維，或優美精粹，或含蓄深刻，能撩撥學生的寫作激情，初三學生在英語作文練習時，可別小覷這些導語，它們也是作文題的一個組成部分，我們理應對此引起足夠重視。

六、文章層次雜亂，沒有或亂用連接詞、過渡詞

許多學生的作文幾乎是單句的任意堆砌，他們不擅長借助連詞來銜接語篇，使句子之間和文段之間缺乏必要的過渡和連貫，影響了信息的傳遞和表達效果。有時還有較多邏輯錯誤，在做書面表達的過程中，有的學生一拿到考題慌慌張張開始寫，在寫作之前沒有構思好先寫什么后寫什么，哪些內容應該詳寫，哪些內容應該略寫，而是一邊寫一邊構思，從而導致整個文章邏輯不清，層次感不強，整篇文章不知所云。許多考生沒有意識到文章中句與句之間、上下文之間不同的關系，在寫作文的過程中不注意過渡詞的運用，這樣寫出來的文章顯得句式單調、文采呆板據。調查了解,他們平時在寫作中對連接詞和過渡詞等詞語的使用不大注意。眾所周知，要寫出清晰流暢的文章，需要把文章中各部分巧妙地連接在一起，為了使句與句之間過渡順暢、上下連貫、邏輯關系嚴謹就需要靈活運用一些過渡詞。這樣可使文章自然而別致，并能層層展開主題句，完整地表達中心思想。而過渡詞是連接這些部分的紐帶。過渡詞是一種關系指引詞，一般由副詞或起副詞作用的短語承擔。此外，代詞、連詞、上下文的近義詞等也可作過渡詞。過渡詞能使文章啟、承、轉、合，融會貫通，連成一體。有的學生在作文中使用過多簡單句，成了簡單句堆砌；有的寫復雜句時，動輒用so，and，then，but，or，however，yet等，非但達不到豐富表達方式的目的，反而使句子結構松散、呆板。為了避免這種現象，可以通過使用不同的過渡詞,不僅能夠豐富句型，而且還能夠把思想表達得更清楚，意義更連貫。英語寫作當中，過渡詞的使用不僅可以增強文章的連貫性,而且可以使內容的表達層次分明,自然流暢。英語寫作測試題的特點是篇幅簡短但思想內容豐富,因而過渡詞的使用便成了不可缺少的環節。為使過渡詞運用得正確恰當,我們按照它們的使用頻率和功能歸類如下: 表示時間順序：and, then, next, after that?

表示對稱：on one hand, on the other hand?

表示遞進：and, besides, what’s more, in addition?

表示轉折：but, yet, however, in fact, instead?

表示因果：so, therefore, as a result, in that case?

表示總結：in one word, in general, in all，in a word等。有了連接詞的承上啟下，結構更緊湊，語篇的邏輯感也強了。

除上述學生在寫作中所出現的問題及教師應采取的應對措施外，教師在訓練學生寫作時還要注意以下幾個方面的訓練：

（一）在聽、說、讀教學中滲透“寫”的訓練

《新課程標準》采用話題大綱和結構—功能大綱相結合的體系進行編排，每個單元都圍繞著一個主題來展開聽、說、讀、寫的四項技能的實踐，突出了先輸入后輸出的特征，有利于開展寫作教學。

1．加強聽力訓練，夯實寫作基礎

“不寫沒有讀過的語言，不讀沒有說過的語言，不說沒有聽過的語言。”由此可見，通過聽的渠道獲得語言信息及語言感受，在外語學習中是基礎中的基礎。筆者認為，加強聽力訓練，可以使學生獲取更多信息，從而為寫作表達打下基礎。

2．創設說的平臺，以“說”促“寫”

“學生的口語句型結構和表達方式往往是他們學習寫作的基礎”，筆者在寫作教學同時，幫助學生提高和豐富口頭表達技能，因為口語中常包含許多書面語的結構。

3．加強朗讀，注重拓展閱讀，以“讀”促“寫”

古人云：“熟讀唐詩三百首，不會做詩也會吟”。通過朗讀，不僅可以增強語感，而且可以積累大量有用的詞匯，在進行書面表達時能做到信手拈來。廣泛的閱讀可增強學生的理解和吸收書面信息的能力，豐富學生的語言知識，了解英語國家文化背景，對英語寫作會起到潛移默化的作用。充分利用現有的教學資料，結合報刊、媒體、網絡等資源，通過設計互動交流的學習任務，引導學生主動參與閱讀和寫作訓練。

（二）科學批改、及時講評，及時反饋信息

抓好習作講評課，及時反饋信息，是提高學生書面表達能力不可缺少的一項工作。教師的批閱點評對學生寫作水平的提高也有很大的影響。很多教師批閱點評學生的習作不夠及時，且較多關注語法錯誤，對寫作內容、語篇結構、寫作技巧分析較少，對普遍出現的問題要認真記錄下來，在課堂上講解、分析、討論來加以解決；個別問題則要以面批改或讓學生互評方式解決。教師在批改的過程中，應避免告訴學生答案，而采用簡單符號或標記，讓學生自己動手改錯后再給老師看。學生通過動腦和動手改正錯誤，印象會更加深刻，從而使寫作能力提高更快。教師也可采用現場作文方式訓練學生，每次發完材料，教師可與學生同時撰寫短文。規定時間一到，學生立即停筆，聽教師讀范文。教師的范文不僅要在格式、內容要點、語法修辭與語言習慣上給學生樹立樣板，而且要考慮到英語的多種表達方法。學生在經過一陣緊張的思維與寫作之后，及時聽到一篇比較規范的答卷，比較一下自己的作業，可初步衡量出自己的答題的準確度，找出差距，及時查出作業中的毛病。

（三）背誦范文

背誦也是學習英語的基本手段之一，重視背誦，尤其是課文中的重點句型，也有利于學生口語、書面語言能力的提高和語感的增強，指導學生平時要注意積累好詞好句，適當使用英語佳句，可令文章增色不少。任何語言的學習，無論是口頭的還是書面的，都有模仿的過程，而模仿必須先有大量的語言信息輸入，必須以豐富的目標語言材料積累為基礎，英語的學習想取得成功，必須有豐富的、自然的目標語言材料及其有關知識的輸入，沒有大量的輸入，英語學習就成了無源之水，沒有源頭則無法進行信息輸出，只有大量輸入語言信息，在目標語材料積累達到一定的程度時學習者才能輸出信息進行模仿，形成自然流利的語言表達，背誦就是集中大量強化輸入輸出語言信息的有效手段。快速提高英文的寫作能力的方法就是背誦英語范文,通過背誦英語范文既能記住英文的表達習慣,又能熟記文章的組織機構。筆者認為由于臨近考試，教師應在有限的時間里指導學生有針對性的背誦一些有代表性的范文。如日記、書信、通知、邀請函、寫人、寫事等文體。

（四）沉著考試，注意書寫

近年中考作文的評分大都采用總體評分法，包括整體印象、語言表達、詞數規定以及卷面情況、語言流暢性等幾方面內容。中考第三輪復習主要以綜合訓練和模擬測試為主。兩個小時完成一份150分的中考英語試題，對于很多同學來說是一項艱巨的任務，也容易導致學生考試時出現緊張的心情而影響答題質量。尤其是書面表達，作為最后一項，經常是在時間緊迫的情況下匆匆完成，寫出來的作文易失水準。因此，對學生進行適應性的訓練，提高學生的答題速度和質量，培養學生在較短的時間內完成一篇符合要求的好文章，是第三輪復習的要點。教師除了通過模擬考試找出學生存在的問題，指導學生在考場里的答題技巧外，還要注意對學生考試時所出現的心理問題加以疏導，使學生具備良好的考試心理。我們平時指導學生在寫作中要準確寫出有效的信息點，爭取加分點，不要過度自由發揮而亂加額外的信息點，考試時充分利用草稿紙對作文初稿進行修改，要盡量避免因粗心大意、卷面不整潔等原因造成扣分。

通過以上的教學手段，使學生能夠盡快地提高英語寫作能力，掌握相關的英語寫作技巧，鞏固英語基礎知識，提高基本技能。它既能提高學生的英語應用能力，也能增強學生的應試能力。英語寫作是一個由簡單到復雜的循序漸進的學習過程，只要學生在老師的指導下，平時多注意兩種語言的異同性，抓住寫作要點，多寫多練，在中考考場上有限的時間內，同樣可以妙筆生花，寫出精彩的英語作文。這樣一來中考中的書面表達也不再是令師生頭痛的難題了。參考文獻：

1、田式國.英語教學理論與實踐[M].北京：高等教育出版社，2001.2、朱寶雄.實用英語寫作.上海：華東師范大學出版社，1988.3、蘇聯波.實用英語應用文寫作[M].新疆：新疆青少年出版社，1998.4、吳道存.怎樣教學英語.北京：北京人民出版社1998。